阅读理解--牛津深圳版八年级下册期末专项

1 / 18 阅读理解 Passage 1 We know good manners are important. Today I am going to tell you something about manners in different countries. I think you have already known that people in different countries usually have different ways of doing things. Something that is rude in one country may be quite polite in another. For example, in Britain you mustn’t lift your bowl to your mouth when you are having liquid food, such as porridge. That is considered bad manners in Britain. But in Japan you needn’t worry about making a noise when you drink something. It shows that you are enjoying it. In Britain we try not to put our hands on the table at all during a meal. In Mexico, however, guests are expected to keep their hands on the table throughout a meal. In Arabic countries you mustn’t eat with your left hand. This is considered to be very impolite. So what should you do if you visit a foreign country? Well, you needn’t worry. You can ask the native people there to help you and you can just watch carefully and try to do what they do. 1．In Britain we try not to put our hands ________ during a meal. A．on the desk B．on the table C．on the chair 2．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “throughout”? A．穿过 B．经过 C．贯穿 3．In Arabic countries you must be careful with your ________. A．feet B．mouth C．hands 4．Which of the following is TRUE? A．In different countries, the manners are the same. 模块一 经典基础题 Passage 1—Passage 5 模块二 中等难度题 Passage 6—Passage 10 模块三 拓展拔高题 Passage 11—Passage 15 模块一 经典基础题 内容概览 2 / 18 B．Different countries have different manners. C．Good manners are not important. 5．The main idea of this passage is ________. A．manners B．habits C．traffic Passage 2 Positive body language can tell you a lot about how someone is feeling. It shows that they’re interested in you and the conversation. A relaxed posture shows a sense of comfort and ease. If someone sits comfortably and breathes calmly, he may be free from stress (压力). He will leave you an impression that encourages you to share a lot with him. Arms relaxed also shows that the person is easy to get along with. For example, when you’re talking to the host at a party, and the host uncrosses his arms and opens his hands, you must feel welcomed. Proper eye contact is necessary in a pleasant conversation. Looking into the other person’s eyes shows that you’re really interested in what they are saying. However, staring at others too long can be considered impolite. So proper eye contact also means looking away sometimes to avoid staring. Nodding along is a way of showing that you’re really listening. When you nod while someone else is talking, it lets them know that you agree with what they’re saying and understand their meaning. Smiling is an effective way to be kind and honest. Everyone loves being around people who always have a smile on their face. Using positive body language can make communication much smoother and bring great things in return. The proper use of body language in communication with people will lead to some surprising results! 6．According to this passage, how many positive body languages are mentioned? A．Three B．Four C．Five D．Six 7．When someone is talking with you with a relaxed posture, you will ________. A．sit in a comfortable sofa B．leave him a good impression C．have a stressful feeling D．want to talk to him more 8．Which of the following body language can show your agreement? 3 / 18 A．Smiling happily B．Nodding along C．Eye contact D．Crossing arms 9．Which of the following is NOT true about positive body language? A．People like staying with the person who always smiles. B．Using too much eye contact is very impolite. C．When you cross your arms, you are welcoming others. D．Nodding while talking means you understand others. 10．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? A．①\②③④⑤⑥\⑦B．①②③④⑤⑥\⑦C．①②\③④⑤⑥\⑦ D．①\②③④⑤\⑥⑦ Passage 3 Do you know how to have a good relationship? There are some tips of successful relationships. Communicate. Communication is the important part of every good relationship. When you first start seeing one another, it may be all about body, but long relationships need love and communication. Listen. Listening is as important as talking. Listen to what your partner is telling you in words. And “listen” to his or her body language. Share goals. What do you want to be in a year? In 5 years? Having shared goals is a key to how to have a good relationship. Common (共同的 ) activities. You should do some things together. Do you both like hiking, playing, or singing? Common activities can allow you to spend time doing things together. Give space (空间). How to have a good relationship needs that you give your partner space to pursue (追求) his or her interests too. Learn to take. Some people are more comfortable (舒服的) with giving than taking. Don’t be afraid of taking those things which your partner gives. 11．How many tips are there in the passage? A．Four. B．Five. C．Six. D．Seven. 12．Why do you need to give your partner space? A．Because he has his own interest. B．Because he doesn’t want to have a good relationship. C．Because he wants you to give him some things. D．Because he doesn’t want to listen to you at all. 4 / 18 13．The underlined phrase “be afraid of” means ________. A．wait for B．worry about C．talk about D．look for 14．Which is WRONG according to the passage? A．A long relationship needs love and communication. B．Listening is not as important as talking. C．Sharing goals is a key to have a good relationship. D．Common activities can give you time to do things together. 15．What is the main idea of the passage? A．How to pursue your interest in life. B．A good relationship is very important in life. C．We should spend time playing with our friends. D．How to have a good relationship. Passage 4 Do you know Pleasure of Farmhouse (农家乐 )? It’s a new way for holidays in China. Now, more and more people are interested in it, especially young people. Every weekend, thousands of people drive to the countryside. The farmers invite them to their farms even homes. Many people help the farmers work on the farms, such as fishing, watering the crops or picking apples. If you come to the farm, you will fall in love with the country life at once. Here you can listen to the birds, enjoy the beautiful view (景色) of countryside, breathe the fresh air and watch the crops grow. You can even taste the fresh produce, such as tomatoes and strawberries. Pleasure of Farmhouse brings a good chance to enjoy the life of countryside, especially for people living in the cities. It can make them relax. One farmer said, “Welcome children to our farms. We will show you where your food comes from.” 16．Which of the following is a new way for holidays in China? A．Climbing mountains. B．Doing farm work. C．Pleasure of Farmhouse. D．Fishing. 17．When do thousands of people drive to countryside? A．Every weekend. B．Every Friday. C．Every Wednesday. D．Every day. 5 / 18 18．What can visitors do in the countryside? A．Enjoy the beautiful view. B．Work with the farmers. C．Taste the fresh produce. D．Do all of above. 19．Who can relax in the Pleasure of Farmhouse? A．Farmers. B．Visitors from cities. C．Young people. D．Children. 20．In the last paragraph, the farmer said they would show children ________. A．how to work on farm B．where the food came from C．where they could make food D．the pleasure of working Passage 5 The Beijing Hearing Dog Association (协会) has a plan. They plan to choose some stray dogs (流浪狗) and train them. Then the dogs will be able to help the old and the deaf. They will choose young dogs, because it’s easier to train them. The kind of dog is not important. Twenty-four volunteers will join the training. They all have some experience of keeping dogs and they all love dogs. They will learn a special language first from the coach (教练) and they teach the dogs. This training will take 180 days. Then the better-performed dogs will enter the next training. They will learn to understand different sounds, such as knocking on a door and water boiling. Then the dogs will live with the deaf or the old for 30 days. Some people think the plan won’t work, because it will cost a lot of money. But some people like the plan and they would like to be the volunteers. 21．Why does the association want to choose young dogs? A．Young dogs are cuter. B．It’s easier to train them. C．It will cost less to train them. 22．What do the volunteers need to have in common? A．The skill of studying. B．The spirit of living with disabled people. C．The experience of keeping dogs. 23．What will the dogs learn in the second training? A．They will learn to understand different languages. B．They will learn to understand different sounds. C．They will learn to understand old people’s living habits. 6 / 18 24．Which of the following is TRUE? A．The association will train police dogs. B．The old have to pay for the well trained dogs. C．Some people like the plan. 25．Which is the best title for the article? A．Stray dogs will help people B．Dogs are very clever C．The old need dogs’ help Passage 6 The 2022 Winter Olympics were successful. Sportsmen across the world came to Beijing and Zhangjiakou. Winter sports need to be in cold places. So, is it possible to hold the Winter Olympics on other planets? Mercury (水星) It’s the closest planet to the sun. In the daytime, the temperature can be 430℃. At night, it cools down to -200℃. The sun can never reach one area on Mercury. There’s lots of ice there. Maybe we could go skating there! Mars The temperature on Mars is between -140℃ and 30℃. Ice and snow cover some areas all year round. Some of the ice is made of carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) not water. There is also a big mountain called Mount Olympus. So maybe we can ski (滑雪) on Mars. Pluto (冥王星) Pluto is very far away from the sun. It’s really cold there, because the temperature is between -238℃ and -218℃. There’s lots of ice. And the ice is even harder than steel (钢铁). So maybe we could go sledding (滑雪橇) on Pluto. 26．Which planet is the closest to the sun? A．Mercury. B．Mars. C．Pluto. 27．What’s the highest temperature on Mars? 模块二 中等难度题 7 / 18 A．430℃. B．-140℃. C．30℃. 28．Which of the following is necessary (必要的) for skiing on Mars? ①ice and snow ②water ③a big mountain A．①② B．②③ C．①③ 29．Which of the following is NOT TRUE about Pluto? A．It’s far away from the sun.B．It’s very hot in the daytime.C．The ice there is harder than steel. 30．In which part of a magazine can we read the passage? A．Science. B．Health. C．Music. Passage 7 For thousands of years, humans (人 ) have explored (探索 ) the Earth. Nowadays, we are exploring space. Now, many astronomers (天文学家) are looking for new planets and new places for humans to live in the future. But where do astronomers start exploring? First of all, astronomers look for a star. That’s because our own earth moves around a star—the Sun. More importantly, it is neither too far from nor too near to the Sun for heat and light. So when astronomers have found the star, they look at the planets around it. In recent years, astronomers have found nearly 400 new planets with stars. However, many of these planets are too near to the star or too far away. However, if the planet is in a good place, astronomers will look for three key things: water, air and rock. Water is more important than the other two things because all life needs water. Humans can drink it and they can also grow plants with water. And plants produce air for humans to breathe (呼吸) and food to eat. Rock on a planet is also important. That’s because there is often water under the rock. After many years of exploring, astronomers have found a planet like the Earth. It’s Gliese 581 g and it’s near a star. The astronomers think it has water and rock and the temperature is between -31℃ and -12℃. That’s cold. Gliese 581 g is bigger than the Earth. A year on Gliese 581g is only 37 Earth days, not 365 Earth days. But astronomers do not think these are big differences and some of them think Gliese 581 g will be a new Earth. However, Gliese 581 g is twenty light years from the Earth. 31．How do astronomers discover a new planet for humans to live on? Choose the right order. a. Astronomers look for three key things b. Astronomers look for a right star. c. Astronomers look at the planets around the star. 8 / 18 A．a-b-c B．b-a-c C．b-c-a 32．According to paragraph 3, which of the following things is most important? A．Water B．Rock C．Air 33．What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 4 refer to? A．The earth B．Gliese 581 g C．The sun 34．What is the real meaning of the underline sentence? A．Gliese 581 g is already a new Earth. B．Gliese 581 g is too far away for our earth. C．Gliese 581 g is bigger than the Earth. 35．What’s the main idea of the text? A．Gliese 581 g is already a new Earth. B．Water, air and rock are important. C．Astronomers are looking for a new earth. Passage 8 A young boy is crying because his ear hurts. Then a man comes out of the forest. He carries some juice from a white fungus (蘑菇 ). Carefully, he puts the juice into the boy’s ear. In some rainforest villages of South America, that’s how earaches are treated! Rainforest doctors, called shamans, use many kinds of plants as medicine. They make tea from one type of red vine (藤蔓). This tea cures stomachaches. Yellow flowers from another plant are used to treat snakebite. Learning from the Shamans Today, scientists from all over the world want to learn what these shamans know about plant medicines. They are studying the rainforest before the plants disappear. However, the rainforests are disappearing fast. Sometimes they want to use the land for farming. Sometimes they cut down the trees and sell the wood. Now the scientists travel by boat, air, and on foot to rainforest villages. Then they spend long hours making their way through the hot and humid jungle (丛林 ) with the local shamans. The shamans show the scientists which plants can be used as medicines. _____________ One USA company has already found an important new medicine. It comes from a plant in the 9 / 18 rainforest. This medicine may soon be used to cure lung infections in kids. Rainforest plants might cure many bad illnesses. So medicine companies are working to save the rainforest. When people buy medicines made from the rainforest plants, part of the money will go to help save the rainforest. If the rainforest survives (幸存 ), some day you may find cures in your home that were made from white fungi and red vines. 36．How does the writer begin the passage? A．By giving an example. B．By using a song. C．By asking a question. D．By listing a number. 37．What does the underlined word “cures” mean in the passage? A．Throws. B．Treats. C．Sells. D．Collects. 38．What do the shamans show the scientists? A．Which plants can be used as medicines.B．How the red vines grow well. C．Where they can find white fungi. D．When they can discover useful plants. 39．Which of the following can be put in “ ▲ ”? A．The famous medicine company B．Saving the rainforest C．Invent some new medicines D．All kinds of illnesses 40．What is the best title for the passage? A．ALucky Boy B．The Life of Shamans C．Great Scientists D．Rainforest Plants: Nature’s Medicine Passage 9 Throughout its 46-year history, the Pritzker Prize has often been won by architects (建筑师 ) who leave their mark on the world with their unique (独一无二的 ) styles. This year, however, the prize has gone to a man who avoids having a unique style. Liu Jiakun, 68, became the second winner from China to win the highest honor in architecture on March 4. 2025 Living in Chengdu, Liu has worked for 40 years on over 30 projects. He started his own company–Jiakun Architects–in 1999 and has completed different projects, from small, beautiful museums to large commercial (商业的) buildings and public spaces. Instead of sticking to a single building method, Liu aims to include local culture into his projects and uses “low-tech” simplicity (简朴) to create beauty. 10 / 18 Liu is most celebrated for the “rebirth bricks (再生砖)” he created after the deadly Wenchuan earthquake in 2008. To help with rebuilding, Liu made bricks using the rubble (瓦砾) left from fallen buildings. These bricks were later used in several of his projects, including the Shuijingfang Museum in Chengdu and the Novartis Building in Shanghai. Besides putting architecture into the local environment, Liu’s works are also human-centered. His focus on ordinary (普通的 ) people is reflected in his largest project, West Village, a five-story urban complex (建筑群 ) completed in 2015 in Chengdu. The complex includes a soccer field, a market and roads for people to walk or ride bikes on. “I think of it like a big Sichuan hotpot, mixing every part of city life,” Liu told The Guardian. It has become a popular place for people to relax and have fun. “The purpose of architecture is to create a beautiful, just and dignified (有尊严的 ) living environment. People’s real lives, happiness and dignity are what we work for,” Liu told China Daily. 41．When did Liu Jiakun start his own company? A．1999 B．2008 C．2015 D．2025 42．What makes Liu Jiakun different from many other Pritzker Prize winners? A．He builds only museums. B．He avoids having a unique style and focuses on local needs. C．He uses the most advanced technology. 43．What is the main focus of Liu Jiakun’s architectural work? A．Building skyscrapers in big cities. B．Creating unique styles to impress people. C．Mixing local culture and simplicity to serve ordinary people. 44．Why did Liu Jiakun create “rebirth bricks” after the Wenchuan earthquake? A．To make his buildings look more beautiful. B．To reuse materials and help rebuild communities. C．To save money for commercial projects. 45．What can we know about Liu Jiakun’s view on architecture from his quote in China Daily? A．Buildings should be tall and expensive. B．Unique styles are the most important part of design. C．Architecture should prioritize people’s happiness and dignity over style. 11 / 18 Passage 10 Non-Cultural Heritage (遗产) Enters School To protect traditional culture, many schools in China have started inviting inheritors (继承人) of intangible cultural heritage (ICH) to teach students. These activities aim to help young people understand ICH’s value and interest them in learning traditional skills. At Guanghui Middle School, students recently experienced an “ICH Day”. They tried paper-cutting, made clay sculptures, and watched a shadow puppetry performance. Ms. Li, a paper-cutting artist, taught students to create patterns like flowers and animals. “It’s harder than it looks, but fun!”, said 14-year-old Zhang Wei. The school also set up an ICH club for further exploration. Teachers say such activities not only enrich school life but also build cultural confidence. Many students expressed pride in China’s rich heritage. “I finally understand why my grandma loves traditional crafts,” said student Li Mei. The school plans to organize regular workshops and invite more ICH masters next term. 46．Why do schools invite ICH inheritors to teach students? A．To make students do more homework. B．To make students learn English better. C．To let students play games in class. D．To help students understand ICH’s value and like traditional skills. 47．What did students do on the “ICH Day” at Guanghui Middle School? A．They played football, made clay sculptures and watched TV. B．They tried paper-cutting, made clay sculptures and watched a shadow puppetry show. C．They sang songs, made clay sculptures and watched a movie. D．They drew pictures, made clay sculptures and played games. 48．What does the underlined word “enrich” in the third paragraph mean? A．Make something poor. B．Make something boring. C．Make something rich or full. D．Make something empty. 49．How do students feel about China’s rich heritage? A．They are proud. B．They are angry.C．They are sad. D．They are worried. 50．What can we learn from the passage? 12 / 18 A．Students don’t like the activities about ICH. B．The school will not have any more ICH activities. C．The ICH activities are good for students. D．Only Guanghui Middle School has ICH activities. Passage 11 When you travel in Chengdu, don’t forget to watch the wonderful Sichuan opera. Sichuan opera never fails to make people laugh because it is very witty. How much do you know about this opera? And what can you see in it? Let’s learn more about it. Face changing Generally speaking, there are three kinds of face changing, including (包括 ) wiping the face, blowing the face and pulling the face. Puppet (木偶) show This is a silent show of a puppet without singers or players. The performer uses only his pair of clever hands to control the puppet to make different and sometimes difficult movements just like a real person playing in a show. Puppet shows usually tell stories about love. Hand shadow (影子) show It doesn’t take the performers much time to make the shapes of different animals like rabbits and horses with a pair of hands. Fire spitting (吐火) Most people think that this is the best part of the opera. The fire spitting out from the mouth of the performer can get to 2m high! Both face changing and fire spitting came from the old Shu Kingdom over one thousand years ago. 51．How many kinds of shows in Sichuan opera are mentioned (提及) in the passage? A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. D．Six. 52．What does the underlined word “witty” in Paragraph 1 mean in Chinese? A．古板的 B．传统的 C．智慧的 D．诙谐的 53．According to the passage, Sichuan opera’s face changing includes ________. ①wiping the face 模块三 拓展拔高题 13 / 18 ②drawing the face ③pulling the face ④blowing the face A．①②③ B．①③④ C．②③④ D．①②④ 54．From the passage, we can know that ________. A．the puppet show is a silent show played by a real person B．it takes the performers of the hand shadow show much time to make animal shapes C．most people agree the best part of Sichuan opera is fire spitting D．Sichuan opera was born in the old Shu Kingdom 55．What’s the structure (结构)of the passage? （①＝Paragraph 1）________ A． B． C． D． Passage 12 Yingge Dance, also known as the “dance to the hero’s song”, is a cool mix of opera, dance, and martial art (武术 ). Dating back to the Ming Dynasty (4368-1644), it is often performed during traditional Chinese festivals. However, it became popular online during the Chinese New Year in 2024 with videos of the dance getting millions of views! A man named Chen is really good at this dance. He’s been doing it for over 20 years and people call him “fat snake” because he’s strong and really good at snake dancing. Before the Spring Festival, he was known to about 2,000 people on Douyin—that’s the Chinese TikTok. But after the holiday, he got famous and now about 20,000 people follow him. Some fans even traveled from other provinces just to take a picture with him. Yingge dancing is closely related to 4 famous Chinese story called Outlaws of the Marsh (水浒 传 ). Usually, 36 people perform the dance, speaking for the 36 heroes in the story. The dancers practice in the evenings after work and it’s hard work. If they’re doing a full day of performances, they have to practice for at least six months. In addition, the costumes and props (支柱) are heavy, so it can be difficult to dance for so long. But it’s not all hard work. Chen says that more and more young people are joining the dance team because they love traditional culture. And the dance is changing, too. Even though it was traditionally only performed by men, now more women are joining in as well. 56．What caused the Yingge Dance to become popular ? 14 / 18 A．Traditional performances at Chinese festivals. B．Influence of famous people. C．Online videos during Chinese New Year. D．The dance to the hero’s song. 57．Which of the following is true about Chen? A．He invented the dance. B．He has limited experience. C．He is new to social media. D．He does well in snake-dancing. 58．How did Chen’s popularity change after the Spring Festival? A．It went down greatly. B．It remained the same. C．He became known to the worried. D．His followers on Douyin increased a lot. 59．What is a challenge faced by Yingge dancers? A．Learning the dance moves. B．Finding time to practice after weeks. C．Remembering the history of the dance. D．Dealing with heavy costumes and props. 60．What is the best title of the passage? A．Traditional Chinese performances B．Traditional hero’s song C．The journey of Yingge Dance D．Men performed a traditional dance Passage 13 Studies have shown that about 98% of American homes have at least one TV set, and that each family spends more than six hours a day on TV. They spend too much time watching and it will take them away from more important activities. But is that true? Recently some researchers in New York city tried to find the answers to the question by doing a telephone survey. They phoned more than a thousand people all over the United States and asked them questions about how they spent their free time. No one was surprised to find out that watching TV was the most popular free time activity in the United States. More than 70% of the respondents (受访者) said that they watched TV every day. The second most popular activity that they mentioned was reading the newspaper. Listening to music at home was the third, talking on the phone to friends and relatives was the fourth and doing some kind of exercise was the fifth. But the researchers discovered an interesting fact about Americans’ TV habits. According to this survey, although most people turn the TV on every day, they do not actually watch it much. Six out of ten people said that when the TV was on, they seldom paid attention to it. 15 / 18 During a typical television program, they might eat dinner, do housework, read a newspaper or magazine, talk to their children or even read to them. The researchers said that television didn’t take Americans away from more important activities. It didn’t stop them from doing other free time activities. 61．Why did the writer write the first paragraph? A．To show the advantages of watching TV. B．To show the writer’s opinion. C．To bring out the topic of the passage. D．To make us realize a serious problem. 62．What does the second paragraph mainly talk about? A．Why it was important to do the survey. B．When the researchers found out the truth. C．How the researchers found the answers.D．How hard it was to carry out the survey. 63．What can we know from the results of the survey? A．More people prefer reading to watching TV. B．The number of the people who talk on the phone is the smallest. C．The researchers think Americans’ TV habits are hard to understand. D．Most of the people prefer to do other things with the TV on. 64．Which question does NOT the passage answer? A．What might people do during a typical television program? B．Why do some people do other things while the TV is on? C．How many people in the survey watch TV every day? D．How long does each family in the study spend on TV a day? 65．What is the best title for the passage? A．Is watching TV good for American students? B．How to manage free-time activities well? C．Does watching TV stop Americans from doing important activities? D．How to spend your free time? Passage 14 Can you imagine meeting a wild boar (野猪) in the city? On Nov 24, a wild boar broke into a house in Shaanxi province and attacked (袭击 ) an old woman. She later died from her injuries. Also, on Oct 27, a wild boar was hit by a train in Nanjing, Jiangsu. When a worker checked for problems, he was killed by another oncoming train. 16 / 18 According to the National Forestry and Grassland Administration, 2 million wild boars live in different parts of China. Xie Yi, a professor at Beijing Forestry University, said wild boars are better at adapting (适应) to the environment and having more babies than their enemies, like wolves. This has made them spread out more. Since they often come down from hills to search for food in spring and autumn, people see them more often. Wild boars usually choose to stay away from humans. However, if people keep feeding them, the boars might stop being afraid of humans and come closer for food. This could be dangerous. Also, without natural enemies, hunting (捕猎) is the only way to keep their numbers under control. In June last year, wild boars were taken off the protected wildlife list. This means people can hunt them without a license. Shaanxi and Ningxia have looked for hunters to help control boars’ numbers. However, Sun Quanhui from the World Animal Protection Association noted that hunting is only a short-term solution (解决办法). For long-term control, we need to bring back their natural enemies and make sure they have enough living spaces. This will help stop people and the wild animals from running into each other. In February, the National Forestry and Grassland Administration introduced a plan to make rules to help stop and control problems caused by wild animals. The rules will also support people who are hurt by wild animals. 66．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about? A．Wild boars have faced many problems. B．Wild boars damaged the railway track. C．Wild boars helped people do business. D．Wild boars have caused trouble for people. 67．Why are wild boars coming into towns? A．The environment is getting worse. B．They need more food and space. C．They like getting closer to people. D．They need a safe place to raise babies. 68．What is the quickest way to control the number of wild boars? A．Hunt them. B．House them. C．Eat them as a kind of food. D．Bring in more natural enemies. 69．According to the last paragraph, what is one of the main purposes of the new plan? A．Protecting wild animals. B．Controlling the number of boars. C．Stopping people from raising wild animals. D．Supporting people who are hurt by wild animals. 70．Why did the author start this article with a question? 17 / 18 A．To make the article longer. B．To attract readers’ attention and introduce the topic. C．To make readers try to meet wild boars.D．To show the readers’ knowledge about wild boars. Passage 15 We usually think that plants always stay quiet and never speak. Grass doesn’t cry when you cut it; flowers don’t scream (尖叫) when they’re picked (被摘). But this view of the world couldn’t be more wrong. Plants talk to each other all the time. Their language is one of chemicals (化学物质). Over the years, scientists have found that different types of plants, from trees to tomatoes, send compounds (化合物) into the air to help neighboring plants. But exactly how plants receive and act on many of these signals (信号) is still a mystery (secret). Scientists from Kyoto University in Japan looked at tomato plants that had been bitten by insects. To start out, they grew plants in two plastic bags connected by a tube (管子 ). One plant had been bitten (被咬) by insects. The other was not bitten (不被咬). They found that when insects bite plant leaves, the plants don’t sit quietly. They give off a chemical called “Hex Vic” into the air. Humans can’t notice it, but these chemicals carry an odor (气 味) that neighboring plants can notice. This way, neighboring plants become aware of (意识到) the danger and begin to release more “Hex Vic” to protect themselves. The same scientists continued their experiment by placing insects on the plants that had not been bitten. The plants were able to kill nearly 50 percent of the invaders, much more than their neighbors. It was surprising that the plants that had not been bitten didn’t send out the chemical until they received a warning message from their neighbors, the scientists said. These findings could be used to help farmers with pest (害虫) control. 71．From the first two paragraphs, we know that ________. A．plants don’t talk to each other B．people see the world in a correct way C．plants talk to each other by sending out chemicals D．communication among plants is no longer a mystery 72．When bitten by insects, the tomato plant ________. A．died immediately afterwards B．sent out a chemical to warn others C．stayed quiet without doing anything 18 / 18 D．wouldn’t be hurt again by the same insects 73．What does the underlined word “invaders” in Paragraph 5 refer to? A．Scientists. B．Hex Vic C．Tomato plant D．Insects. 74．Which of the following is TRUE according to the study? A．Tomato plants are easily bitten by insects. B．Hex Vic can help plants kill all the insects near them. C．The smell of Hex Vic is a kind of warning message. D．Plants won’t send out chemicals until they are attacked. 75．Where can we probably read this passage? A．In a newspaper. B．In an ad.C．In science fiction. D．In a science magazine. 1 / 9 阅读理解 答案解析 Passage 1 1．B 2．C 3．C 4．B 5．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了不同国家的礼仪习惯，强调了在不同文化背景下，礼仪的差异性。 1．细节理解题。根据“In Britain we try not to put our hands on the table at all during a meal.”可知， 在英国用餐时，我们尽量不把手放在桌子上。故选 B。 2．词义猜测题。根据“In Mexico, however, guests are expected to keep their hands on the table throughout a meal.”可知，在墨西哥，客人被期望在整个用餐过程中都把手放在桌子上。由此推 断“throughout”意为“贯穿”。故选 C。 3．细节理解题。根据“In Arabic countries you mustn’t eat with your left hand. This is considered to be very impolite.”可知，在阿拉伯国家，你必须注意你的手，不能用左手吃东西。故选 C。 4．细节理解题。根据“I think you have already known that people in different countries usually have different ways of doing things. Something that is rude in one country may be quite polite in another.” 可知，不同国家有不同的礼仪习惯。故选 B。 5．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了不同国家的礼仪习惯，强调了礼仪的重要性和差异性。故选 A。 Passage 2 6．C 7．D 8．B 9．C 10．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了积极的肢体语言的表现以及其在沟通中的重要性。 6．细节理解题。根据“A relaxed posture shows a sense of comfort and ease.”“Arms relaxed also shows that the person is easy to get along with.”“Proper eye contact is necessary in a pleasant conversation.”“Nodding along is a way of showing that you’re really listening.”“Smiling is an effective way to be kind and honest.”可知文中提到了五种积极的肢体语言，故选 C。 7．细节理解题。根据“If someone sits comfortably and breathes calmly...He will leave you an impression that encourages you to share a lot with him.”可知当有人以一种放松的姿势与你说话时， 你会想和他分享很多，故选 D。 8．细节理解题。根据“When you nod while someone else is talking, it lets them know that you agree with what they’re saying and understand their meaning.”可知你在别人说话的时候点头，表示同意， 故选 B。 2 / 9 9．细节理解题。根据“For example, when you’re talking to the host at a party, and the host uncrosses his arms and opens his hands, you must feel welcomed.”可知，松开双臂，张开双手，表示欢迎， 故选 C。 10．篇章结构题。分析全文可知，文章为总—分—总结构，第一段先引出积极的肢体语言，二 至六段具体介绍五种积极的肢体语言，第七段介绍使用积极的肢体语言的作用，故选 A。 Passage 3 11．C 12．A 13．B 14．B 15．D 【导语】本文就如何保持良好的关系给出一些建议：交流、听、分享目标、共同的活动、提供 空间、学会接受等。 11．推理判断题。根据“Communicate…Listen…Share goals…Common activities…Give space…Learn to take”可知，文中给出了——交流、听、分享目标、共同的活动、提供空间、学 会接受等六项建议。故选 C。 12．细节理解题。根据第六段“How to have a good relationship needs that you give your partner space to pursue his or her interests too.”可知，建立一段良好的关系需要给你的伴侣追求他或她的兴趣的 空间。故选 A。 13．词义猜测题。根据第七段“Some people are more comfortable with giving than taking.”有些人 更喜欢给予而不是索取；可知，此处指“不要担心拿你伴侣给的东西”。故选 B。 14．推理判断题。根据第三段“Listening is as important as talking.”听和说一样重要；可知，选项 B表述错误。故选 B。 15．主旨大意题。本文如何就保持良好的关系给出一些建议；可知，选项 D“如何保持良好的关 系”符合文意。故选 D。 Passage 4 16．C 17．A 18．D 19．B 20．B 【导语】本文介绍了一种新的度假方式——农家乐。农家乐深受城里人的欢迎，因为农家乐让 他们放松，让城里的孩子知道食物的来源。 16．细节理解题。根据“Do you know pleasure of Farmhouse ? It’s a new way for holidays in China” 可知，农家乐是一种新的度假方式。故选 C。 17．细节理解题。根据“Every weekend, thousands of people drive to the countryside”可知，每个周 末，成千上万的人开车去乡下，故选 A。 18．细节理解题。根据“Many people help the farmers work on the farms…Here you can listen to the 3 / 9 birds, enjoy the beautiful view of countryside, breathe the fresh air and watch the crops grow. You can even taste the fresh produce…”可知，在农场，人们可以干农活、欣赏美景、品尝新鲜的农产品等。 故选 D。 19．细节理解题。根据“Pleasure of Farmhouse brings a good chance to enjoy the life of countryside, especially for people living in the cities. It can make them relax”可知，农家乐给人们带来了一个享 受乡村生活的好机会，它可以让生活在城市的人们放松。故选 B。 20．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Welcome children to our farms. We will show you where your food comes from.”可知，将会让城市里的孩子们看到食物是从哪儿来的。故选 B。 Passage 5 21．B 22．C 23．B 24．C 25．A 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。 文章主要介绍了北京市助听犬协会计划挑选一些流浪狗并训练它 们，用来帮助老年人和聋人。 21．细节理解题。根据“They will choose young dogs, because it’s easier to train them.”可知，协会 选择年轻的狗是因为它们更容易训练。故选 B。 22．细节理解题。根据“Twenty-four volunteers will join the training. They all have some experience of keeping dogs and they all love dogs.”可知，志愿者们都有一定的养狗经验。故选 C。 23．细节理解题。根据“Then the better-performed dogs will enter the next training. They will learn to understand different sounds, such as knocking on a door and water boiling.”可知，狗在第二阶段的训 练中能学会听懂不同的声音。故选 B。 24．推理判断题。根据“But some people like the plan and they would like to be the volunteers.”可知， 有些人喜欢这项计划，C项表述正确。故选 C。 25．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了北京市助听犬协会计划挑选一些流浪狗并训 练它们，用来帮助老年人和聋人，Stray dogs will help people“流浪狗将帮助人们”适合作为文章 标题。故选 A。 Passage 6 26．A 27．C 28．C 29．B 30．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了水星、火星和冥王星的自然环境。 26．细节理解题。根据“Mercury (水星)”中“It’s the closest planet to the sun. ”可知，水星距离太阳 最近。故选 A。 27．细节理解题。根据“The temperature on Mars is between -140℃ and 30℃.”可知，火星上的最 4 / 9 高温度是 30℃。故选 C。 28．细节理解题。根据 Ice and snow cover some areas all year round. Some of the ice is made of carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) not water. There is also a big mountain called Mount Olympus.”可知，在 火星上滑雪要有冰雪和高山，不需要水。故选 C。 29．细节理解题。根据“It’s really cold there, because the temperature is between -238℃ and -218℃.” 可知，冥王星白天黑夜都很冷，而选项 B称“白天很热”与事实矛盾，故选 B。 30．推理判断题。本文主要介绍了水星、火星和冥王星的自然环境，所以可以在科学部分看到。 故选 A。 Passage 7 31．C 32．A 33．B 34．B 35．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，讲述了天文学家寻找适合人类居住的新行星的过程，先找恒星， 再看其周围行星，如果行星位置合适则找水、空气和岩石这关键三样，还介绍了类似地球的 Gliese 581 g，尽管它距地球二十光年远，但一些天文学家认为它可能成为新地球，主旨是天文 学家在探寻新地球。 31．细节理解题。根据“First of all, astronomers look for a star.”“So when astronomers have found the star, they look at the planets around it.”以及“However, if the planet is in a good place, astronomers will look for three key things: water, air and rock.”可知，天文学家先寻找合适的恒星，然后观察恒 星周围的行星，最后寻找水、空气和岩石这三个关键东西。正确顺序是 b-c-a。故选 C。 32．细节理解题。根据“Water is more important than the other two things because all life needs water.” 可知，在水、空气和岩石中，水是最重要的。故选 A。 33．细节理解题。根据“After many years of exploring, astronomers have found a planet like the Earth. It’s Gliese 581 g and it’s near a star. The astronomers think it has water and rock and the temperature is between -31℃ and -12℃.”可知，这里的“it”指的是前面提到的 Gliese 581 g。故选 B。 34．细节理解题。根据“However, Gliese 581 g is twenty light years from the Earth.”可知，二十光 年的距离对于地球来说是非常遥远的，所以这句话的真正意思是 Gliese 581 g离我们的地球太遥 远了。故选 B。 35．主旨大意题。根据“Now, many astronomers (天文学家) are looking for new planets and new places for humans to live in the future.”以及全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了天文学家正在寻找一 个新的像地球一样适合人类居住的星球，也就是在寻找新地球。故选 C。 Passage 8 5 / 9 36．A 37．B 38．A 39．B 40．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了热带雨林医生，也被称为萨满，使用多种热带雨林中的植物作为药物 治病。 36．细节理解题。根据“A young boy is crying because his ear hurts…Carefully, he puts the juice into the boy’s ear.”可知，文章开头通过描述一个男孩耳痛被治疗的场景引入，属于“举例子”的写作 手法。故选 A。 37．词句猜测题。根据“They make tea from one type of red vine (藤蔓). This tea cures stomachaches.” 可知，上下文提到红藤茶用于缓解胃痛，“cures”意为“治疗”，故选 B。 38．细节理解题。根据“The shamans show the scientists which plants can be used as medicines.”可 知，萨满向科学家展示可用作药物的植物，故选 A。 39．推理判断题。根据“If the rainforest survives (幸存), some day you may find cures in your home that were made from white fungi and red vines.”可知，后文提到医药公司通过销售药物资助雨林保 护，空白处需承上启下，强调“拯救雨林”，故选 B。 40．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，全文围绕雨林植物的药用价值及保护展开，选项 D最全面概 括主题。故选 D。 Passage 9 41．A 42．B 43．C 44．B 45．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了 2025年中国的刘家琨获普利兹克奖，他不追求独特风格，融入地方文 化，以人为本进行建筑设计。 41．细节理解题。根据文中“He started his own company–Jiakun Architects–in 1999 and has completed different projects, from small, beautiful museums to large commercial buildings and public spaces.”可知，刘家琨在 1999 年创办了自己的公司。故选 A。 42．推理判断题。根据文中“Throughout its 46-year history, the Pritzker Prize has often been won by architects who leave their mark on the world with their unique styles.”及下文中“Instead of sticking to a single building method, Liu aims to include local culture into his projects and uses ‘low-tech’ simplicity to create beauty.”可知，刘家琨与其他普利兹克奖得主不同在于他不追求独特风格，并 且他注重将当地文化融入项目，关注当地需求。故选 B。 43．推理判断题。根据文中“Instead of sticking to a single building method, Liu aims to include local culture into his projects and uses ‘low-tech’ simplicity to create beauty.”及下文“Besides putting architecture into the local environment, Liu’s works are also human-centered. His focus on ordinary 6 / 9 people is reflected in his largest project”可知，刘家琨的建筑工作重点是将当地文化和简朴风格相 结合，并且以服务普通人为宗旨。故选 C。 44．细节理解题。根据文中“Liu is most celebrated for the ‘rebirth bricks’ he created after the deadly Wenchuan earthquake in 2008. To help with rebuilding, Liu made bricks using the rubble left from fallen buildings.”可知，刘家琨创造 “再生砖” 是为了帮助重建，利用倒塌建筑留下的瓦砾制作 砖块，也就是重新利用材料来帮助重建社区。故选 B。 45．推理判断题。根据文中“The purpose of architecture is to create a beautiful, just and dignified living environment. People’s real lives, happiness and dignity are what we work for”可知，在刘家琨 看来，建筑应该把人们的幸福和尊严置于风格之上。故选 C。 Passage 10 46．D 47．B 48．C 49．A 50．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了中国许多学校邀请非物质文化遗产（ICH）的传承人 教授学生，以保护传统文化，并帮助学生理解 ICH的价值，激发他们对传统技能的兴趣。 46．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“These activities aim to help young people understand ICH’s value and interest them in learning traditional skills.”可知，学校邀请 ICH传承人教授学生的目的是帮助 学生理解 ICH的价值，并激发他们对传统技能的兴趣。故选 D。 47．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“They tried paper-cutting, made clay sculptures, and watched a shadow puppetry performance.”可知，学生在“ICH Day”上尝试了剪纸、制作泥塑并观看了皮影戏 表演。故选 B。 48．词句猜测题。根据文章第三段“Teachers say such activities not only enrich school life but also build cultural confidence.”并结合选项可知，这样的活动不仅丰富了学校生活，也建立了文化自 信。“enrich”在此处的意思是“使丰富或充实”。故选 C。 49．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Many students expressed pride in China’s rich heritage.”可知， 学生对中国的丰富遗产感到自豪。故选 A。 50．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Teachers say such activities not only enrich school life but also build cultural confidence.”可知，这样的活动不仅丰富了学校生活，也建立了文化自信，即活动 对学生有益。故选 C。 Passage 11 51．B 52．D 53．B 54．C 55．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了成都的川剧, 包括变脸、木偶戏、手影戏和喷火等表演形式。 7 / 9 51．细节理解题。根据“Face changing”、“Puppet show”、“Hand shadow show”、“Fire spitting”可 知，一共介绍了四种表演形式。故选 B。 52．词义猜测题。根据 “Sichuan opera never fails to make people laugh because it is very witty.”可 知，能让人发笑，可推测 witty意思是“诙谐的” ，故选 D。 53．细节理解题。根据“Generally speaking, there are three kinds of face changing, including (包括) wiping the face, blowing the face and pulling the face.”可知，变脸包括擦脸、吹脸、扯脸，故选 B。 54．细节理解题。根据“Most people think that this is the best part of the opera. The fire spitting out from the mouth of the performer can get to 2 m high!”可知，大多数人认为吐火是四川 opera最精彩 部分。故选 C。 55．篇章结构题。通读原文可知，文章第一段引出四川 opera，后面分别介绍变脸、木偶戏、手 影戏、吐火这几种表演形式，是总分结构，①是总述，②③④⑤分别介绍不同表演形式，对应 C选项结构。故选 C。 Passage 12 56．C 57．D 58．D 59．D 60．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英歌舞的相关信息，包括其起源、特色、传播以 及舞者面临的挑战等。 56．细节理解题。根据第一段“However, it became popular online during the Chinese New Year in 2024 with videos of the dance getting millions of views!”可知，是 2024年春节期间的网络视频让英 歌舞蹈走红，故选 C。 57．细节理解题。根据第二段“He’s been doing it for over 20 years and people call him ‘fat snake’ because he’s strong and really good at snake dancing.”可知，陈先生擅长蛇舞，故选 D。 58．细节理解题。根据第二段“Before the Spring Festival, he was known to about 2,000 people on Douyin—that’s the Chinese TikTok. But after the holiday, he got famous and now about 20,000 people follow him.”可知，春节后陈先生在抖音上的粉丝量大幅增加，故选 D。 59．细节理解题。根据第三段“In addition, the costumes and props (支柱) are heavy, so it can be difficult to dance for so long.”可知，英歌舞者面临的挑战是要应对沉重的服装和道具，故选 D。 60．主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，本文围绕英歌舞蹈展开，介绍了它的历史、发展、相关 人物等内容，C选项“英歌舞蹈的历程”最能概括文章主旨，故选 C。 Passage 13 61．C 62．C 63．D 64．B 65．C 8 / 9 【导语】本文通过调查报告表明虽然美国人花了太多的时间看电视，但并不会使得他们远离重 要活动。 61．推理判断题。根据第一段“They spend too much time watching and it will take them away from more important activities. But is that true?”可知，大多数美国人花了太多的时间看电视，这会使他 们远离更重要的活动。但这是真的吗？结合下文可推知，第一段是为了引出文章主题，即花太 多的时间在电视上，也不会使他们远离重要活动，故选 C。 62．主旨大意题。根据第二段“Recently some researchers in New York city tried to find the answers to the question by doing a telephone survey.”可知，纽约市的一些研究人员试图通过电话调查来寻 找这个问题的答案。由此可知，第二段主要告诉读者研究人员是如何找到这个问题的答案的， 故选 C。 63．推理判断题。根据第三段“According to this survey, although most people turn the TV on every day, they do not actually watch it much. Six out of ten people said that when the TV was on, they seldom paid attention to it.”可知，大多数美国人每天都打开电视，但他们实际上并不怎么看电视。 由此推知，大多数美国人喜欢开着电视做其他事情。故选 D。 64．细节理解题。根据“During a typical television program, they might eat dinner, do housework...”， “More than 70% of the respondents (受访者) said that they watched TV every day.”，“each family spends more than six hours a day on TV”可知，短文提到了受调查的美国人有多少比例每天看电视、 美国人看电视的时长以及特定电视节目，他们可能会做什么；没有提到为什么有些人在电视开 着的时候做其他的事情。故选 B。 65．最佳标题题。根据第一段“They spend too much time watching and it will take them away from more important activities. But is that true?”和最后一段“The researchers said that television didn’t take Americans away from more important activities.”可知，第一段提问美国人花太多的时间看电 视，会使他们远离重要活动吗；而最后一段则回答了这个问题。由此可知，全文都是围绕这个 问题行文的，因此 C项“看电视会阻止美国人做重要的活动吗”为本文最佳标题，故选 C。 Passage 14 66．D 67．B 68．A 69．D 70．B 【导语】本文主要讲述中国野猪数量达 200万，因适应环境能力强且无天敌而增多，与人冲突 频发。野猪已被移出保护名单，可捕猎，但需长期控制措施，国家也有相关计划。 66．主旨大意题。第二段讲述了野猪闯入陕西一户人家袭击老妇人致其死亡，以及在江苏南京 野猪被火车撞，工人检查时被另一列火车上的野猪致死的事件，这些都表明野猪给人们带来了 9 / 9 麻烦，故选 D。 67．细节理解题。根据“Since they often come down from hills to search for food in spring and autumn, people see them more often.”可知，因为它们经常在春天和秋天下山觅食，所以人们更经常看到 它们。故选 B。 68．细节理解题。根据“Also, without natural enemies, hunting is the only way to keep their numbers under control.”可知，没有天敌的情况下，捕猎是控制野猪数量的唯一办法，也是最快的办法， 故选 A。 69．细节理解题。根据“The rules will also support people who are hurt by wild animals.”可知，新 计划制定的规则会对被野生动物伤害的人提供支持，故选 D。 70．推理判断题。根据“Can you imagine meeting a wild boar in the city?”可知，以这样的问题开 始，能迅速抓住读者眼球，激发读者的好奇心和阅读兴趣，同时自然地引出关于野猪问题的主 题，故选 B。 Passage 15 71．C 72．B 73．D 74．C 75．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了植物之间的谈话。 71．细节理解题。根据“Plants talk to each other all the time. Their language is one of chemicals ”可 知，植物通过释放化学物质来相互交流。故选 C。 72．细节理解题。根据“They found that when insects bite plant leaves, the plants don’t sit quietly. They give off a chemical called ‘Hex Vic’ into the air… This way, neighboring plants become aware of (意识到) the danger and begin to release more ‘Hex Vic’ to protect themselves.”可知，当被昆虫咬 伤时，番茄植物会释放一种化学物质来警告其他植物。故选 B。 73．词义猜测题。根据“The same scientists continued their experiment by placing insects on the plants that had not been bitten. The plants were able to kill nearly 50 percent of the invaders”可知，invaders 指的是前文提到的“昆虫”。故选 D。 74．推理判断题。根据“This way, neighboring plants become aware of (意识到) the danger and begin to release more ‘Hex Vic’ to protect themselves.”可知，Hex Vic的气味是一种警告信息。故选 C。 75．推理判断题。这篇文章主要讲述了植物之间通过化学物质进行交流的科学发现，最有可能 出现在科学杂志上。故选 D。