Unit 4 单元知识点总结 2024-2025学年人教版英语八年级下册

八年级下册U4单元知识点总结 一、重点单词 1. deal(n./v.):协议,交易;对待 dealer(n.):商人 deal with:处理 make a deal with:与…达成协议 2. relate(v.):相关 3. communicate(v.):交流,沟通 relation(n.):关系 relative(adj.):相关的(注:relative 常见词性为形容词“相关的”及名词“亲戚”,此处按所给信息整理) 4. argue(v.):争论 communication(n.):交流,沟通 5. cloud(n.):云朵,云 argument(n.):争论,争吵 6. old(adj.):老的,旧的 cloudy(adj.):多云的 7. proper(adj.):正确的,恰当的 properly(adv.):正确地,恰当地 8. elder/older(adj.):年纪较长的 9. two(基数词):二 second(序数词):第二 secondly(adv.):第二,其次 10. explain(v.):解释,说明 explanation(n.):解释,说明 11. clear(adj.):清楚易懂的 clearly(adv.):清楚地,明白地 12. pressure(n.):压力 press(v.):按,压 13. compete(v.):竞争,对抗 competition(n.):竞争 competitor(n.):竞争者 competitive(adj.):竞争的 14. skill(n.):技艺,技巧,技能 skillful(adj.):灵巧的,熟练的 skilled(adj.):有技能的,熟练的 15. quick(adj.):快速的 quickly(adv.):迅速地 typically(adv.):通常地;典型地(注:typically 为副词,对应形容词 typical 的副词形式,表示“通常地;典型地”,原所给信息词性标注有误) 16. compare(v.):比较 comparison(n.):比较 comparative(adj.):比较的,相比的;相对的;比较级的 17. develop(v.):发展 developing(adj.):发展中的 development(n.):发展,成长,发育 18. usual(adj.):通常的,寻常的 usually(adv.):通常地 unusual(adj.):不寻常的 developed(adj.):发达的 19. allow(v.):允许 allowance(n.):津贴;零花钱 二、重点短语 talk to sb. 与某人交谈;talk about sth. 谈论某事 get enough sleep 有足够的睡眠 have free time to do sth. 有空闲时间去做某事 allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 take lessons after school = have after-school lessons 课外补习 hang out with sb. 与某人闲逛 get into/have a fight with sb. 与某人吵架/打架 go to sleep 去睡觉 write sb. a letter 给某人写信 call sb. up 打电话给某人 surprise sb. 令某人惊讶 on the phone 在打电话 so that 以便(引导目的状语从句) look through 翻看 give sth. back to sb. = return sb. sth. = return sth. to sb. 把某物还给某人 be angry with sb. 生某人的气 a big deal 重要的事 work out 成功地发展;解决 get on with 和睦相处;关系良好 fight a lot 经常吵架/打架 hang over 笼罩 refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事 offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事 communicate with sb. 和某人沟通 mind sb. doing sth. 介意某人做某事 all the time 一直 make sb. angry 使某人生气 next time 下次 worry about sth. = be worried about sth. 担心某事 copy one's homework 抄袭某人的作业 be oneself 做自己 spend time alone 独自消磨时光 give sb. pressure 给某人施压 compete with sb. 与某人竞争 leave sth. at/in... 把某物落在某地 free time activities 业余活动 get better grades 取得更好的成绩 use the Internet 上网 give one's opinion 提出某人的观点 push sb. into doing sth. 促使/推动某人做某事 place great pressure on sb. 给某人施加大的压力 basketball practice 篮球训练 football training 足球训练 cut out 删除 have a quick dinner 快速吃晚饭 compare A with B 比较A和B push sb. so hard 对某人逼得太紧/给某人施加太大压力 cause stress 造成压力 keep on doing sth. 坚持做某事 encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事 join after-school activities 参加课后活动 get into a good university 进入一个好大学 start doing sth. 开始做某事 from a young age 年轻时 be right about 在……方面是正确的 in one's opinion 在某人看来 find sb. doing sth. 发现某人正在做某事 offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb. 给某人提供某物 argue with sb. about sth. 就某事和某人争吵 三、重点单词用法 1. talk to sb. 与某人交谈;talk about sth. 谈论某事 2. so that 以便(引导目的状语从句)=in order to do sth. 3. allow相关短语 allow doing sth. 允许做某事 We don't allow smoking in our house. 我们不允许在家里抽烟。 allow sb. (not) to do sth. (不) 允许某人做某事 sb. be allowed to do sth. 某人被允许做某事 4. look相关短语 look through 浏览;翻阅;仔细看;温习;检查 look for 寻找 look after = take care of 照看 look like 看起来像 look over 检查;复习 look out 小心;从里向外看 look around 环视 look the same 看起来一样 look up 向上看;查单词 look down upon/on 轻视,瞧不起 look forward to 期望 5. find相关短语及用法 find sb. doing sth. 发现某人正在做某事 类似动词:hear, watch, see, feel Mr. Wang found Li Dong reading a storybook in the class. find it adj. to do sth. 发现做某事怎么样 6. deal相关短语及用法 deal (n.) 协议;交易 a big deal 大事 (v.) 处理 It's not a big deal = It's no big deal. 没有什么了不起;没什么大不了;不是什么大事(口语) It's a big deal. 这事挺重要的。 What's the big deal? 有什么了不起的 make/do a deal with... 与……做买卖;与……达成协议 a good/great deal of + 不可数名词 许多;大量 deal with = do with 处理,提问时,deal with 与 how 连用, do with 与 what 连用 7. work out相关短语及用法 work out 解决;成功地发展;计算出;锻炼 She is experienced enough to work out the problem. point out 指出 He works out every day to keep fit. • turn out 结果是 • go out 出去;熄灭 • give out 分发 find out 查明白 • run out 用完 • try out 选拔 • take out 拿出 8. get on with/get along with 和睦相处;关系良好 get on/along well with sb. 与某人相处得好 9. argue相关短语及用法 • argue (v.) 争吵;争论 argument (n.) 争吵;争论 • argue with sb. 和某人争吵;争辩 • argue with sb. about/over sth. 为某事与某人争吵 • argue about sth. 为某事争吵;争辩 argue against 争辩;反对 argue for 为……辩护 He argued against the plan. The lawyer argues for the poor man. have an argument with sb. 与某人争吵/争论 10. It's not easy being... 为 It's + adj. + Ving 形式结构,it 是形式主语,真正的主语则是动词 ing 短语 It is no use doing sth. 做某事没用 = It is not useful for sb. to do sth. It is no good doing sth. 做某事没有好处 There is no need to do sth. 没有必要做某事 It's not easy doing sth. 做某事不容易 11. offer相关短语及用法 offer (v.) 主动提出;自愿给予 offer to do sth. 主动提出去做某事 offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb. 给某人某物 He offered me a glass of wine. = He offered a glass of wine to me. provide (v.) 供给;提供 provide sb. with sth. = provide sth. for sb. 提供某人某物 We must provide them with warm clothes this winter. 12. explain相关短语及用法 explain (v.) 解释;说明 explain sth. to sb. = explain to sb. sth. 向某人解释某事 explain sth. 解释某事 You should explain why you were late. 注意:没有 explain sb. sth. explain 后常接 that 或 why 引导的宾语从句。Please explain the meaning of this word to us. 13. return相关短语及用法 return (v.) 返回;回来;归还;回报;回应 (n.) 返回;归来(常与 “a” 或 “one's” 连用);归还;收益;利润(常用复数形式) return to sp. 回到某地 return sth. to sb. = return sb. sth. = give sth. back to sb. She smiled at him and he returned the smile. 她对他微笑,他也回以微笑。 His return from abroad was a big event. 他从国外归来是件大事。 The return of the lost property made the owner very happy. 丢失财物的归还让失主十分开心。 The company saw a good return on its investment. 公司这项投资收益颇丰。 14. pressure相关短语及用法 pressure (n.) 压力(不可数) under too much pressure 在重压之下 No one works best under pressure. put/place pressure on sb. 向某人施压 The development of the region also put pressure on schools. 15. push相关短语及用法 push (v.) 推;推动;挤;催促;逼迫;推进;推销;推广 (n.) 推;搡;大规模攻势;努力;为实现目标的行动 push sth. adj. push one's way through Push the door open. 把门推开。 push sb. to do sth. 催某人做某事 He pushed his way through the crowd. 他在人群中挤出一条路。 push for sth. 努力推进 Don't push me to make a decision. 别催我做决定。They are pushing for tax reform. 他们在努力推进税收改革。 The company is pushing its new product. 公司正在推销新产品。 Give the door a push. 推一下门 a push to increase sales 提高销量的努力 16. compete相关短语及用法 compete (v.) 竞争;对抗;参加比赛(或竞赛) competition (n.) competitive (adj.) 有竞争力的 compete with/against sb. 与某人竞争 You have to compete with everybody else. compete for sth. 为某物竞争 The two companies compete for market share. 这两家公司竞争市场份额。 compete in sth. 参加某项比赛或活动 There is fierce competition in the market. 市场竞争激烈。 Our products are very competitive. 我们的产品很有竞争力。 17. compare相关短语及用法 compare (v.) 比较;与……匹敌;比得上;常用于否定句 compare... with... 把……与……做比较(同类),侧重发现异同 compare... to... 把……比作……(异类),常突出相似性 People always compare the youth to the rising sun. No one can compare with him in English. 在英语方面没人能和他相比。 compared with sth./sb. 和某人相比,常用于句首 18. continue相关短语及用法 continue (v.) 持续;继续存在 continue to do sth. 继续去做同一件事 Don't stop! Continue reading, please! continue doing sth. 继续去做另一件事 After finishing my homework, I continued to help my mother with housework. 19. cause相关短语及用法 cause (v.) 造成;引起;使遭受;给……带来;给某人或某物带来某种不好的情况 (n.) 原因;起因;事业;目标 cause sth. 导致某事 Smoking can cause lung cancer. 吸烟会导致肺癌。 cause sb. sth. 给某人带来 The accident caused him a lot of pain. 这次事故让他遭受了很多痛苦。 cause sb. to do sth. 导致某人做某事 the cause of sth. 某事的起因;事业 The cause of the fire was carelessness. 火灾的原因是粗心大意。He devoted his life to the cause of education. 他把一生都献给了教育事业。 20. communicate相关短语及用法 communicate (v.) 交流;沟通 communication (n.) 交流;沟通 communication skills 沟通技巧 communicate with sb. = have a communication with sb. 和某人沟通 How do you usually communicate with him? 21. mind相关短语及用法 mind (v.) 介意 mind doing sth. 介意做某事 mind sb. doing sth. 介意某人做某事 We don't mind him/his walking around here. 其中 sb. 可以是宾格也可以是形容词性的物主代词。 Do you mind mending your bike? 22. borrow相关短语及用法 borrow (v.) 借进 borrow sth. from sb. 从某人那借某物 lend (v.) 借出,过去式为 lent lend sth. to sb. 把某物借给某人 return (vt.) 归还 = give back return sb. sth. = return sth. to sb. = give sth. back to sb. 把某物还给某人 return (vi.) 回来;返回 = come/go/get back We returned to school at 5 p.m. 23. leave 与 forget相关短语及用法 leave sth. + 地点 把某物忘在/落在某地 Maybe I left my keys in the car. forget sth. 1. 忘记某事/某物 I forgot to take the umbrella. I left it at your home. 24. anymore相关短语及用法 anymore (adv.) 再也(不);(不)再 = any more,常用于否定句或疑问句句末 not... anymore 表示程度和次数上“不再”,修饰非延续性动词,指某动作不再发生 I don't smoke anymore. not... any longer 表示时间和距离上“不再”,修饰延续性动词 not... anymore = no more You can't be late for class anymore. = You are no more late for class. not... any longer = no longer He doesn't live here any longer. = He no longer lives here. 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$