精品解析：山东省临沂市2024-2025学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题

2023级普通高中学科素养水平监测试卷 英 语 2025. 4 本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分。考试用时120分钟。 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后。将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共5题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. How will Mike go to school this morning? A. By car. B. By bus. C. By bike. 2. What do the speakers both order? A. A chicken sandwich. B. A cup of iced tea. C. A black coffee. 3. What caused the screen problem? A. Cold temperature. B. A system update. C. Loose connections. 4. What will the man do tomorrow? A. Prepare for the invitations. B. Set up the presentation. C. Book the conference room. 5. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Editor and writer. B. Boss and employee. C. Teacher and student. 第二节 (共15小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分) 请听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给出的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题。每小题5秒钟，听完后各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 请听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Where are the speakers probably? A. In a cafe. B. In a bookstore. C. In a museum. 7. What is Lisa going to do next? A. See a doctor. B. Wander in the park. C. Read in the library. 请听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What will Maria do this Saturday? A. Ride a cable car. B. Climb a mountain. C. Have a buffet lunch. 9. What time should Maria finish her buffet meal? A. At 5: 45. B. At 6: 30. C. At 8: 15. 10. What will Maria do next? A. Make the payment. B. Change the reservation. C. Provide her credit card details. 请听第8段材料，回答第11 至 13题。 11. What is Fleabag? A. The name of a fan. B. The name of a role. C. The name of an actress. 12. What does Phoebe learn from her mother? A. Creating freely. B. Hiding shortcomings. C. Following rules strictly. 13. How was Phoebe describe by The New Daily? A. Messy. B. Perfect. C. Genuine. 请听第9段材料，回答第14 至17题。 14. Why does the woman come to the man? A. To check in the hotel. B. To ask for a flash light. C. To ask about the power issue. 15. Who is probably the man? A. A hotel guest. B. A receptionist. C. A power worker. 16. When does Banff usually experience power overload? A. In March. B. In May. C. In December. 17. What does the man suggest the woman do? A. Go to see a show. B. Take a quick shower. C. Drink some hot water. 请听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What is the boarding gate on the boarding pass? A. Gate 22. B. Gate 29. C. Gate 72. 19. When is the final boarding call? A. At 10: 15 a. m. B. At 10: 30 a. m. C. At 10: 45 a. m. 20. What is the main purpose of the announcement? A. To inform passengers of a delay. B. To direct passengers to the correct departure point. C. To require passengers to double-check their documents. 第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Science LIVE! Student Conference Event at Disneyland Paris Event date: 6th March, 2023 Show your students science in action at our Science LIVE! Conference. A half-day conference where students will hear from a variety of passionate scientists, combined with practical student activities all within the magic of Disneyland Paris. The event is aimed at 14—16-year-old students. Fun and learning in one! Our speakers are science communicators passionate about showing learners how science works. By applying the principles they learn in the classroom to the real world, learners gain an appreciation of its relevance to their everyday lives. They will have the opportunity to ask questions and get more insight into working in science during the interactive Q&A sessions. As part of the event, each student will receive their own workbook in advance of the event for pre-trip preparation as well as science park challenges to complete while enjoying the Disney Parks. Morning Afternoon Evening 5th Morning departure for Disneyland Paris by coach Overnight at Disneyland Paris 6th Science LIVE! Conference Free time enjoying the magic of the Disney Parks including the Disney fireworks 7th Return coach travel Arrive back at school Prices start from £325 per person. Price includes ·Return coach travel* ·2 nights bed & breakfast accommodation at Chateau de Grande Romaine ·Park Hopper Ticket ·Attendance at the Science LIVE! Conference ·Workbook for students ·Group Travel Insurance ·1: 10 free place ratio (比例) for staff on a twin room basis * Price based on 40 passengers. Train and flight options available. 1. What can students do at the conference? A. Hand in their workbooks. B. Share their everyday lives. C. Take part in science challenges. D. Receive instruction from scientists. 2. When will students tour the Disney Parks? A. On the evening of 7th March. B. On the morning of 6th March. C. On the afternoon of 6th March. D. On the afternoon of 5th March. 3. What is included in the price of £325? A. A Park Hopper ticket. B. Breakfast for two. C. A twin room for parents. D. Return flight travel. 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是在巴黎迪士尼乐园举行的一个有关科学的学生大会活动的相关信息。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Event date: 6th March, 2023部分“A half-day conference where students will hear from a variety of passionate scientists(这是一场为期半天的会议，学生们将在这场会议中聆听多位满怀热情的科学家的分享，同时会议还结合了实践性很强的学生活动，所有这些活动都将在充满魔力的巴黎迪士尼乐园内进行)”和Fun and learning in one!部分“Our speakers are science communicators passionate about showing learners how science works. By applying the principles they learn in the classroom to the real world, learners gain an appreciation of its relevance to their everyday lives. They will have the opportunity to ask questions and get more insight into working in science during the interactive Q&A sessions.(我们的演讲嘉宾都是科学传播者，他们热衷于向学习者展示科学是如何运作的。通过将课堂上学到的原理应用到现实世界中，学习者能够认识到科学与日常生活的相关性。在互动问答环节中，他们将有机会提出问题，并更深入地了解从事科学工作的相关情况)”可知，学生在这次会议中可以接受科学家的指导。故选D。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据表格里6th一栏中的“Free time enjoying the magic of the Disney Parks including the Disney fireworks(自由活动时间，尽情享受迪士尼乐园的神奇魅力，包括观赏迪士尼烟花表演)”可知，学生们在3月6日下午参观迪斯尼乐园。故选C。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Prices start from £325 per person.部分“Park Hopper Ticket(多园通票)”可知，325英镑的价格包括一张多园通票。故选A。 B For Mexican poet Manuel Cuautle who was born in 1971, Chinese poetry possesses two qualities that make it stand out: naturalness and simplicity. From a very young age he has maintained a close relationship with Chinese literature. At first he was an eager reader and later Director of the Mexico City International Poetry Festival, which he has been organizing for a decade. As part of this festival, Cuautle, author of nine collections of poems and the children’s book La Nariz de Manuel (Manuel’s Nose) , has invited two Chinese poets every year for nine years to present their works and give readings in front of a group of Mexicans. Among his favorites are Liu Chang, Yu Jian and Li Cheng'en. The relationship grew even closer in 2013, when his collection of poems The Suicide of the Snail published in Argentina in 2005, was translated into Chinese by Zhang Jin, a teacher of classical Chinese literature. The book contains 18 poems. “I drew a parallel (平行线) between human life and the life of snails, because these animals also have the need to enjoy life. They’re here for a reason, and I turn that reason into poetry. I think my views relate closely to Eastern philosophy,” he explained about the poems. Digging deeper into the topic of language, Cuautle believes that contemporary standard Chinese bears a strong phonetic (语音的) likeness to the language families found in Mesoamerica, a term that refers to a geographical and cultural area which extends from central Mexico down through Central America. Theirs is a kind of brotherhood based on musicality. “If you speak neither standard Chinese nor Purépecha, which is spoken by roughly 175, 000 people in the northwestern region of Michoacán, Mexico, you’ll likely think they’re the same. ” he said. Cuautle went on to say, “If we compare ourselves with the Chinese, we realize there are many similarities. We can draw parallels between formalities, like a respect for your seniors, and even spot some gastronomic (烹任学) similarities. All these features are attractive to both cultures. ” 4. What can we say about Cuautle? A. He admires Chinese literature deeply. B. He fell in love with poems at a festival. C He shows little interest in children's literature. D. He finished Manuel’s Nose with two Chinese poets. 5. What do we know about The Suicide of the Snail? A. It is a newly published poem series. B. It is actually against Eastern philosophy. C. It explores human’s negative impact on snails. D. It is a reflection on snails, pleasure and life itself. 6. What does Cuautle think of Purépecha? A. Its users are mostly well-educated. B. It sounds similar to standard Chinese. C. It will soon be adopted in Michoacán. D. Its phonetic system is really confusing. 7. What does the author mainly talk about in the text? A. The growing popularity of poetry around the world. B. The similarities between Mexicans and the Chinese. C. A poet at the Mexico City International Poetry Festival. D. A Mexican wordsmith’s exploration of Chinese culture. 【答案】4. A 5. D 6. B 7. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了墨西哥诗人库奥特勒热爱中国文学，其作品与中国文化相关，还探讨了汉语与墨西哥语言的相似性 。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段第二句“From a very young age he has maintained a close relationship with Chinese literature.(从很小的时候起，他就与中国文学保持着密切的关系)”以及第二段“As part of this festival, Cuautle, author of nine collections of poems and the children’s book La Nariz de Manuel (Manuel’s Nose) , has invited two Chinese poets every year for nine years to present their works and give readings in front of a group of Mexicans.(作为这个节日的一部分，拥有九部诗集和儿童读物《曼努埃尔的鼻子》的作者库奥特勒，九年来每年都邀请两位中国诗人展示他们的作品，并在一群墨西哥人面前朗诵)”可知，库奥特勒从小就与中国文学关系密切，还多次邀请中国诗人。由此推知，他深深钦佩中国文学。故选A项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“I drew a parallel (平行线) between human life and the life of snails, because these animals also have the need to enjoy life. They’re here for a reason, and I turn that reason into poetry.(我在人类生活和蜗牛的生活之间画了一条平行线，因为这些动物也有享受生活的需要。它们存在是有原因的，我把这个原因写成了诗歌)”可知，《蜗牛的自杀》是对蜗牛的快乐以及生命本身的一种思考和反映。故选D项。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“Digging deeper into the topic of language, Cuautle believes that contemporary standard Chinese bears a strong phonetic (语音的) likeness to the language families found in Mesoamerica, a term that refers to a geographical and cultural area which extends from central Mexico down through Central America.(深入研究语言这个话题，库奥特勒认为，当代标准汉语与中美洲的语系在语音上有很强的相似性，中美洲是一个地理和文化区域，从墨西哥中部一直延伸到中美洲。)”以及第四段最后一句“If you speak neither standard Chinese nor Purépecha, which is spoken by roughly 175, 000 people in the northwestern region of Michoacán, Mexico, you'll likely think they’re the same. (如果你既不会说标准汉语，也不会说普雷佩查语，而普雷佩查语是墨西哥米却肯州西北部大约17.5万人所说的语言，你可能会认为它们是一样的)”可知，库奥特勒认为普雷佩查语听起来与标准汉语相似。故选B项。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了墨西哥诗人曼努埃尔・库奥特勒对中国文学的热爱，他的作品与中国文化的联系，以及他对汉语和墨西哥当地语言相似性的看法等内容，也就是一个墨西哥文字工作者（诗人）对中国文化的探索。故选D项。 C The Pygmalion effect was first discovered in the classroom by Robert Rosenthal. But you can find its effects everywhere. Now, we are going to study the Pygmalion effect using a famous experiment in the army designed by Professor Dov Eden. It was a 15-week army course where 105 soldiers were assigned to 4 instructors. A few days before the start of the program, each instructor received some files, including the trainees’ psychological test scores, grades in previous courses, and ratings given by previous commanders. Based on the information, researchers predicted the command potential (CP) of each soldier and then designated (指定) each trainee as having either a high, regular or unknown CP score. Soldiers of all 3 CP levels were divided equally among the 4 training classes. It’s important to know that, at the time, these 4 instructors didn’t know that the CP classification — the performance score on the list they received — was completely stochastic. In other words, the soldier listed as having the highest CP score could very well be the worst soldier in the group. After 15 weeks, the 105 soldiers were tested in 4 different areas. It was found that soldiers who had been marked with a high CP score significantly outperformed their classmates in all 4 subjects. Those with an average CP score ended up in the lowest. The third group — those with an unknown CP score — ended up in the middle. The difference in performance between the best and the worst group was even 15 percent. After detailed analysis, it showed that the fake CP scores explained almost three-quarters of the variance in performance. In other words, if a superior believes his subordinates (部下) have the ability to be great performers, their actual performance will increase. “As soon as the instructors believed that some soldiers had better abilities than others, they started managing those individuals differently. Just imagine those instructors spending more time with ‘promising’ soldiers, stressing successes, showing best practices, and teaching them how to deal with stressful situations. All these kick-start positive effects,” Eden said. 8. What can we learn about Dov Eden’s experiment? A. It was first carried out in the classroom. B. It was tested repeatedly by other researchers later. C. It divided the soldiers into three levels in advance. D. It observed the soldiers’ daily activities beforehand. 9. What does the underlined word “stochastic” in Paragraph 3 mean? A. Orderly. B. Unselected. C. Designed. D. Unsettled. 10. What did Dov Eden’s experiment find? A. The Pygmalion effect plays a limited role in the army. B. Soldiers with unknown CP scores performed worst in 4 subjects. C. CP levels varied with the soldiers’ expectations of their instructors. D. Higher expectations from leaders improve their subordinates’ performance. 11. What does the text mainly talk about? A. The power of leadership in the army. B. An inspiration from the Pygmalion effect. C. The development of the Pygmalion effect. D. The Pygmalion effect in army management. 【答案】8. C 9. B 10. D 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了多夫・伊登教授在军队中进行的一项实验，以研究皮格马利翁效应。实验通过给士兵分配不同的指挥潜力分数，观察教官对士兵的不同对待以及士兵最终的表现，证明了领导对下属的高期望能提高下属的表现。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根第二段“Based on the information, researchers predicted the command potential (CP) of each soldier and then designated (指定) each trainee as having either a high, regular or unknown CP score. (根据这些信息，研究人员预测了每个士兵的指挥潜力（CP），然后将每个受训者指定为CP得分高、正常或未知的人。)”可知，实验提前将士兵分为了三个等级。故选C。 【9题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段“It’s important to know that, at the time, these 4 instructors didn’t know that the CP classification (重要的是要知道，在那个时候，这4位教官并不知道CP分类)”以及划线词后文“In other words, the soldier listed as having the highest CP score could very well be the worst soldier in the group. (换句话说，被列为指挥潜力分数最高的士兵很可能是小组中最差的士兵。) 可推知，这些分数是随机分配的，不是经过挑选的。故选B。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段“In other words, if a superior believes his subordinates (部下) have the ability to be great performers, their actual performance will increase. (换句话说，如果上级相信他的下属有能力成为优秀的表现者，他们的实际表现就会提高。)”可推知，领导的期望值越高，下属的表现就越好。故选D。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“The Pygmalion effect was first discovered in the classroom by Robert Rosenthal. But you can find its effects everywhere. Now, we are going to study the Pygmalion effect using a famous experiment in the army designed by Professor Dov Eden. (皮格马利翁效应最早是由罗伯特·罗森塔尔在课堂上发现的。但它的影响随处可见。现在，我们要用多夫·伊登教授在军队中设计的一个著名实验来研究皮格马利翁效应。)”以及最后一段“In other words, if a superior believes his subordinates (部下) have the ability to be great performers, their actual performance will increase. (换句话说，如果上级相信他的下属有能力成为优秀的表现者，他们的实际表现就会提高。)”可推知，文章主要讲的是皮格马利翁效应在军队管理中的应用。故选D。 D By accident, researchers have photographed Venus' surface from space for the first time. Though the planet's rocky body is hidden beneath the thick clouds, telescopes aboard NASA's Parker Solar Probe (帕克太阳探测器) managed to capture (捕捉) the first visible-light images of the surface taken from space, researchers reported in the February 16 Geophysical Research Letters. “We've never actually seen the surface through the clouds at these wavelengths before, ”said Lori Glaze, director of NASA's Planetary Science Division, on February 10. Though the Parker Solar Probe was built to study the sun, it must make regular flybys of Venus. The planet's gravity pulls the probe, tightening its orbit and bringing it closer to the sun. Those assists from Venus helped the spacecraft (航天器) make headlines when it became the first probe to enter the sun's atmosphere. It was during two such flybys in July 2020 and February2021 that the probe's WISPR telescopes captured the new images. While WISPR found Venus' dayside too bright to image, it was able to recognize extensive surface features, through the clouds on the nightside. The photographs show a planet is so hot that it looks much like red-hot iron, said Brian Wood, an astrophysicist at the U. S. Naval Research Laboratory in Washington, D. C. , and a co-author of the paper. “The pattern of bright and dark that you see is basically a temperature map,” he said — brighter regions are hotter and darker regions are cooler. This pattern correlates well with topographic maps (地形图) previously produced from radar and infrared (雷达和红外线) surveys. Highlands appear dark and lowlands appear bright, Wood said. The images came as NASA prepared to launch two missions to Venus. “The new photographs”, Wood said, “may help in the interpretation of the observations taken in the future from these new missions. ” 12. How did the researchers photograph Venus' surface from space? A. By detecting wavelengths. B. By looking for thick clouds. C. By tracking Venus' rocky body. D. By using the Parker Solar Probe. 13. What helped the spacecraft enter the sun's atmosphere? A. Venus' gravity. B. The sun's assists. C. Its slowing down. D. Its flybys of the sun. 14. What can we learn from Wood's words about the photographs? A. They were taken by infrared and radar. B. They fail to reveal Venus' surface features. C. Brighter areas represent higher temperatures. D. Darker colors mean lowlands in the topography. 15. Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A. NASA prepared to finish two missions to Venus B. Parker Solar Probe has further explored Venus' surface C. The secrets of Venus' surface uncovered by researchers D. The first visible-light images of Venus' surface taken from space 【答案】12. D 13. A 14. C 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了帕克太阳探测器首次从太空拍摄到金星表面的可见光图像。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Though the planet's rocky body is hidden beneath the thick clouds, telescopes aboard NASA's Parker Solar Probe (帕克太阳探测器) managed to capture (捕捉) the first visible-light images of the surface taken from space, researchers reported in the February 16 Geophysical Research Letters.(研究人员在2月16日的《地球物理研究快报》中报告，尽管这颗行星的岩石表面被厚厚的云层覆盖，但美国宇航局的帕克太阳探测器上的望远镜成功捕捉到了从太空拍摄的金星表面的第一张可见光图像。)”可知，研究人员是通过帕克太阳探测器拍摄到金星表面的。故选D。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“The planet's gravity pulls the probe, tightening its orbit and bringing it closer to the sun. Those assists from Venus helped the spacecraft (航天器) make headlines when it became the first probe to enter the sun's atmosphere.(金星引力将探测器拉近，使其轨道更紧，从而更接近太阳。正是这些来自金星的助力帮助这艘航天器成为首个进入太阳大气层的探测器，从而并登上了新闻头条。)”可知，是金星的引力帮助航天器进入太阳大气层。故选A。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段““The pattern of bright and dark that you see is basically a temperature map,” he said — brighter regions are hotter and darker regions are cooler. This pattern correlates well with topographic maps (地形图) previously produced from radar and infrared (雷达和红外线) surveys. Highlands appear dark and lowlands appear bright, Wood said(Wood说道：“你看到的明暗模式基本上就是一张温度图——较亮区域更热，较暗区域更冷。这种模式与之前通过雷达和红外线测量得到的地形图非常吻合。高地呈现深色，低地呈现亮色。”)”可知，较亮区更热，因此较亮区域代表较高温度。故选C。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“Though the planet's rocky body is hidden beneath the thick clouds, telescopes aboard NASA's Parker Solar Probe (帕克太阳探测器) managed to capture (捕捉) the first visible-light images of the surface taken from space, researchers reported in the February 16 Geophysical Research Letters.(研究人员在2月16日的《地球物理研究快报》中报告，尽管这颗行星的岩石表面被厚厚的云层覆盖，但美国宇航局的帕克太阳探测器上的望远镜成功捕捉到了从太空拍摄的金星表面的第一张可见光图像。)”以及后文的介绍可知，文章主要介绍了帕克太阳探测器首次从太空拍摄到金星表面的可见光图像。故D项“从太空拍摄到金星表面的第一张可见光图像”符合文章标题。故选D。 第二节 (共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 If you’re a hiker or outdoor person, you know how important it can be to bring a snack with you on a long outdoor adventure. ____16____ But when you’re done with your apple, you can just throw the core away, right? While your banana skin or apple core will degrade when exposed to nature, it is not necessarily safe for the environment for you to do so. Here’s why. ____17____ If you’ve ever had a compost heap (堆肥堆), you know that when you throw something in the compost, it takes some time to biodegrade and turn into rich, dark soil. Compost heaps are often the most ideal places for this organic matter to break down. ____18____ Next, leaving food waste could harm wildlife. If you leave an apple core near your favorite outdoor adventure spot, a deer may come along and decide to finish eating it for you. ____19____ However, feeding wildlife increases habituation. If an animal becomes habituated to finding apple cores along roadsides, for example, it increases the likelihood that it will be hurt or killed by passing traffic. Ultimately, the best practice when experiencing nature is to pack out everything that you pack in, even biodegradable food waste. Humans have systems in place for dealing with the quantity of organic food waste we produce. ____20____ A. The deer may be happy with the find. B. Do remember to bring your favorite snack. C. First, food waste might not degrade quickly. D. Finally, this might attract a group of wild deer. E. The ground near your favorite local hiking path is not. F. Nature, on the other hand, may have a harder time dealing with our waste. G. A banana, apple, or some other snack can make all the difference to how far you can go. 【答案】16. G 17. C 18. E 19. A 20. F 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要解释了为什么不能将果核、果皮等残渣扔在自然环境中。 【16题详解】 根据空前“If you’re a hiker or outdoor person, you know how important it can be to bring a snack with you on a long outdoor adventure.(如果你是一个徒步旅行者或户外爱好者，你知道在漫长的户外探险中带零食有多重要)”和空后“But when you're done with your apple, you can just throw the core away, right?(但当你吃完苹果后，你可以直接扔掉果核，对吧？)”可知，空前提到了在漫长的户外探险中带零食的重要性，空后提出吃完苹果会将直接扔掉果核，故G项“一个香蕉、苹果或其他零食可以决定你能走多远”符合，承接前文，强调户外活动带零食的重要性，且引出后文关于仍苹果核的话题。故选G项。 【17题详解】 根据空后“If you’ve ever had a compost heap (堆肥堆) , you know that when you throw something in the compost, it takes some time to biodegrade and turn into rich, dark soil.(如果你曾经有过堆肥堆，你知道当你把东西扔进堆肥时，它需要一些时间来生物降解并变成肥沃的土壤)”可知，空后提到将垃圾扔进堆肥，需要花费一些时间来生物降解，故C项“首先，食物残渣可能不会快速降解”作为本段的主旨句，说明食物降解需要时间。故选C项。 【18题详解】 根据空前“Compost heaps are often the most ideal places for this organic matter to break down.(堆肥堆通常是这种有机物质分解的最理想场所)”可知，空前提到堆肥堆是有机物质分解的最理想的场所，故E项“你最喜欢的徒步路径附近的地面不是”与堆肥形成对比，说明自然环境不适合降解。故选E项。 【19题详解】 根据空前“If you leave an apple core near your favorite outdoor adventure spot, a deer may come along and decide to finish eating it for you.(如果你在你喜欢的户外探险地点附近留下一个苹果核，一只鹿可能会过来决定帮你吃掉它)”可知，空前提到鹿可能会吃掉你留下的食物残渣，故A项“鹿可能会对这个发现感到高兴”承接前文，并与后文“However, feeding wildlife increases habituation.(然而，喂养野生动物会增加它们的习惯化)”构成转折关系。故选A项。 【20题详解】 根据空前“Humans have systems in place for dealing with the quantity of organic food waste we produce.(人类有系统处理我们产生的大量有机食物残渣)”可知，前文提到人类有处理食物残渣的系统，故F项“另一方面，自然可能更难处理我们的垃圾”与人类系统形成对比，人类有处理食物残渣的系统，但自然很难处理我们的垃圾。故选F项。 第三部分 语言运用 (共三节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 In 1996, I was in India, teaching business skills to street kids in Mumbai. Our adviser was Ela Bhatt. I went to visit her in Ahmedabad. During our conversation, Ela ____21____ how her organization, the Self-Employed Women's Association (SEWA) , provided small loans to women to start and run small businesses. She suggested I go downstairs and participate in their program. I had ____22____ going downstairs as they were lined with dozens of women in brightly colored saris (莎丽服) sitting on the steps waiting patiently to either get their ____23____ or repay their loan. I sat with the coordinator (协调者) and tried to look ____24____ . I was the only white person and one of about five men in the place. We ____25____ the loans in small amounts ranging from $50 to $ 100. The women ____26____ me profusely (毫不吝惜地) thinking because I was white I was the ____27____ of the money. They were using the money to buy fruit to sell or make clothes to sell or make money some other way to feed their children. The importance of this money was ____28____ . Ela was a ____29____ woman, perhaps 4 feet and 9 inches, but I felt _____30_____ beside her. Her contribution was _____31_____ . She provided the means to _____32_____ for over two million poor Indian women, and she fought for the rights of millions more. I came away from this _____33_____ on a real high and feeling great to have met this _____34_____ woman. I am not _____35_____ that she walked in the company of other great humanitarians such as Jimmy Carter and Nelson Mandela. 21. A. doubted B. wondered C. described D. understood 22. A. difficulty B. potential C. success D. pleasure 23. A. news B. money C. attention D. job 24. A. necessary B. critical C. official D. demanding 25. A. applied for B. gave out C. lived on D. complained about 26. A. thanked B. questioned C. supported D. blamed 27. A. source B. winner C. borrower D. creator 28. A. old-fashioned B. unreasonable C. overestimated D. eye-opening 29. A. beautiful B. tiny C. single D. smart 30. A. valuable B. uncomfortable C. small D. confident 31. A. normal B. hard C. acceptable D. enormous 32. A. pressure B. power C. employment D. truth 33. A. accident B. experience C. opportunity D. responsibility 34. A. wonderful B. simple C. odd D. poor 35. A. satisfied B. worried C. convinced D. surprised 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. C 31. D 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述了作者在印度与Ela Bhatt的相遇以及参与SEWA组织活动的经历。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在交谈中，Ela描述了她的组织（SEWA）如何为女性提供小额贷款以创业和经营小生意。A. doubted怀疑；B. wondered疑惑；C. described描述；D. understood理解。根据语境“how her organization, the Self-Employed Women's Association (SEWA) , provided small loans to women to start and run small businesses.”可知，Ela在向作者讲述她的组织是如何运作，故此处指描述她的组织。故选C。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我下楼有困难，因为楼梯上挤满了穿着鲜艳莎丽服的妇女，她们耐心地坐着等待领取贷款或偿还贷款。A. difficulty困难；B. potential潜力；C. success成功；D. pleasure愉快。根据下文“as they were lined with dozens of women in brightly colored saris (莎丽服) sitting on the steps waiting patiently”可知，作者下楼时看到很多妇女在等待，所以此处表示“我下楼有困难”。had difficulty (in) doing sth.表示“做某事有困难”。故选A。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她们耐心地坐着等待领取贷款或偿还贷款。A. news消息；B. money钱；C. attention注意；D. job工作。根据上文“her organization, the Self-Employed Women's Association (SEWA) , provided small loans to women to start and run small businesses.”可知，Ela的组织是为女性提供小额贷款以创业和经营小生意，因此这些妇女在等待领取贷款或偿还贷款，因此用“money”表示贷款。故选B。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我和协调者一起坐下，尽量让自己看起来正式。A. necessary必要的；B. critical关键的；C. official正式的；D. demanding要求高的。根据下文“I was the only white person and one of about five men in the place.”可知，作者是唯一一个白人，也是少数几个男性之一，因此他尽量让自己看起来正式。故选C。 【25题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们发放了小额贷款，金额从50美元到100美元不等。A. applied for申请；B. gave out分发；C. lived on依赖……生活；D. complained about抱怨。根据上文“She suggested I go downstairs and participate in their program.”可知，Ela建议作者加入她这个组织，因此此处表示为她们发放贷款，因此用“gave out”。故选B。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些妇女毫不吝惜地感谢我，认为因为我是白人，所以我是钱的来源。A. thanked感谢；B. questioned质疑；C. supported支持；D. blamed责备。根据下文“thinking because I was white I was the ____7____ of the money.”可知，这些妇女感谢作者，认为他是白人，能为她们提供钱。故选A。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. source来源；B. winner赢家；C. borrower借款人；D. creator创造者。根据上文“thinking because I was white”可知，这些妇女认为作者是白人，能为她们提供钱，因此认为作者是钱的来源。故选A。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这笔钱的重要性是令人大开眼界的。A. old-fashioned过时的；B. unreasonable不合理的；C. overestimated高估的；D. eye-opening令人大开眼界的。根据上文“They were using the money to buy fruit to sell or make clothes to sell or make money some other way to feed their children”可知，这些妇女拿这笔钱去挣钱养孩子，因此这笔钱对她们来说非常重要，因此其重要性是令人大开眼界的。故选D。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Ela是一个身材矮小的女性，可能只有4英尺9英寸高，但我站在她旁边感到渺小。A. beautiful美丽的；B. tiny极小的；C. single单身的；D. smart聪明的。根据空后“perhaps 4 feet and 9 inches”可知，Ela可能只有4英尺9英寸高，因此矮小，因此用“tiny”。故选B。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. valuable有价值的；B. uncomfortable不舒服的；C. small渺小的；D. confident自信的。根据下文“She provided the means to ____12____ for over two million poor Indian women, and she fought for the rights of millions more.”可知，Ela为超过两百万的印度贫困妇女提供了就业机会，因此她的贡献是巨大的，所以作者在Ela旁边感到自己很渺小small。故选C。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她的贡献是巨大的。A. normal正常的；B. hard困难的；C. acceptable可接受的；D. enormous巨大的。根据下文“She provided the means to ____12____ for over two million poor Indian women, and she fought for the rights of millions more.”可知，Ela为超过两百万的印度贫困妇女提供了就业机会，因此她的贡献是巨大的。故选D。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她为超过两百万的印度贫困妇女提供了就业机会。A. pressure压力；B. power权力；C. employment就业；D. truth真相。根据上文“They were using the money to buy fruit to sell or make clothes to sell or make money some other way to feed their children.”可知，这些妇女从Ela这里借钱后，用来进购水果卖，或者做衣服卖，挣的钱用来养孩子，因此Ela为妇女提供了就业机会。故选C。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我从这次经历中感到非常兴奋，遇到了这位了不起的女人。A. accident事故；B. experience经历；C. opportunity机会；D. responsibility责任。根据下文“feeling great to have met this ____14____ woman.”可知，作者从这次经历中遇到了这位了不起的女人，因此对这次经历感到非常兴奋。故选B。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很高兴能遇到这位了不起的女性。A. wonderful极好的；B. simple简单的；C. odd奇怪的；D. poor贫穷的。根据上文“She provided the means to ____12____ for over two million poor Indian women, and she fought for the rights of millions more.”可知，Ela为这些妇女提供了就业机会，因此她是一位了不起的女性。故选A。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我并不惊讶于她与Jimmy Carter和Nelson Mandela等其他伟大的人道主义者同行。A. satisfied满意的；B. worried担心的；C. convinced确信的；D. surprised惊讶的。前文“She provided the means to ____12____ for over two million poor Indian women, and she fought for the rights of millions more.”可知，Ela为超过两百万的印度贫困妇女提供了就业机会，她的贡献是巨大的。因此她与伟人是同一类人，所以作者并不惊讶于Ela与其他伟大的人道主义者同行。故选D。 第二节 (共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The lion dance is one of the most widespread folk dances in China. Ancient people regarded the lion as a symbol of bravery and strength, ____36____ could drive away evil and protect humans. Therefore, performing the lion dance in festivals and big events has become a custom now and people expect ____37____ (pray) for good luck, safety, and happiness. The ____38____ (early) use of the word shizi (meaning the lion) appeared in Han Dynasty text and had strong association with Central Asia. Lions ____39____ (present) to the Han court from Central Asia at that time. A detailed ____40____ (describe) of the lion dance appeared during the Tang Dynasty and it was then recognized by writers and poets ____41____ a foreign dance. However, the lion dance may have been recorded in China as early as the third century AD. ____42____ (develop) over 2000 years, the lion dance has evolved into two major forms—the Northern Lion Dance and the Southern Lion Dance. Both forms are found ____43____ (common) in China now, but around the world especially in Southeast Asia, the Southern Lion Dance predominates (占主导地位) because ____44____ was spread by those people who were historically mostly of Southern Chinese ____45____ (original) . 【答案】36. which 37. to pray 38. earliest 39. were presented 40. description 41. as 42. Having developed 43. commonly 44. it 45. origin 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍中国舞狮，包括其象征意义、历史渊源、形式演变及南狮在世界的传播。 【36题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：古代的人们把狮子看作是勇敢和力量的象征，它能够驱邪并保护人类。这里考查非限制性定语从句。先行词是a symbol of bravery and strength，在从句中作主语，且先行词指物，所以用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：因此，在节日和重大活动中舞狮现在已经成为了一种习俗，人们期望祈求好运、平安和幸福。这里考查expect to do sth. ，是固定搭配，意为“期望做某事”，所以这里用动词不定式to pray作宾补。故填to pray。 【38题详解】 考查形容词最高级。句意：shizi（意思是狮子）这个词最早的使用出现在汉代的文本中，并且和中亚有很强的联系。根据定冠词the以及语境可知，这里表示“最早的”，要用early的最高级形式earliest。故填earliest。 【39题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：在那个时候，狮子是从中亚被呈献给汉朝宫廷的。这里考查谓语动词，根据时间状语at that time可知，句子描述的是过去的事情，应用一般过去时；又因为lions和present（呈献）之间是被动关系，即“狮子被呈献”，所以要用一般过去时的被动语态，lions是复数，be动词用were。故填were presented。 【40题详解】 考查名词。句意：对舞狮的详细描述出现在唐朝，并且那时它被作家和诗人认为是一种外来舞蹈。根据前面的“a detailed”可知，这里需要用describe的名词形式description，a detailed description，表示 “一个详细的描述”。故填description。 【41题详解】 考查固定搭配。句意：对舞狮的详细描述出现在唐朝，并且那时它被作家和诗人认为是一种外来舞蹈。这里考查be recognized as...，是固定短语，意为“被认作是……；被认为是……”。故填as。 【42题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：经过2000多年的发展，舞狮已经演变成了两种主要形式——北狮和南狮。这里考查非谓语，develop和句子主语the lion dance 之间是主动关系，且“发展”这个动作在“演变成两种主要形式” 之前就已经发生了，所以要用现在分词的完成式having developed作状语，且句首时首字母应大写。故填Having developed。 【43题详解】 考查副词。句意：现在这两种形式在中国都很常见，但是在全世界尤其是在东南亚，南狮占主导地位，因为它是由那些在历史上大多是中国南方血统的人传播的。这里修饰动词“are found”，要用common的副词形式commonly，表示“普遍地，常见地”。故填commonly。 【44题详解】 考查代词。句意：现在这两种形式在中国都很常见，但是在全世界尤其是在东南亚，南狮占主导地位，因为它是由那些在历史上大多是中国南方血统的人传播的。这里指代前面提到的“the Southern Lion Dance”，作主语，所以用it。故填it。 【45题详解】 考查名词。句意：现在这两种形式在中国都很常见，但是在全世界尤其是在东南亚，南狮占主导地位，因为它是由那些在历史上大多是中国南方血统的人传播的。此空考查“of + 名词”表示所属关系或具有某种性质，这里“of Southern Chinese origin”表示“具有中国南方人的起源（血统）”，所以要用original的名词形式origin作宾语。故填origin。 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，校英文报的记者，上周日你校举办了“亲子趣味跑”Family Fun Run 活动。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括： 1. 参与人员、活动内容 (如跑步路线、互动环节等) ； 2. 活动意义、反响。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Family Fun Run: A Memorable Event for All ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Family Fun Run: A Memorable Event for All Last Sunday witnessed a delightful event — the “Family Fun Run” held by our school, drawing participants from all grades and fostering a sense of community and healthy living. The route was carefully designed to be enjoyable for both children and adults, winding through the scenic paths of our school’s grounds and nearby park. The approximately 3-kilometer run was dotted with interactive stations that added an extra layer of excitement. The highlight of the event was the “teamwork challenge” where families had to complete a series of tasks, such as passing a ball through hoops or solving puzzles together. The significance of the Family Fun Run went beyond just physical exercise. It not only strengthened parents’ bond with their children but also promoted a healthier lifestyle. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达为一篇新闻报道。要求考生就上周日学校举办的“亲子趣味跑”Family Fun Run 活动写一篇报道。 【详解】1.词汇积累： 吸引：draw→appeal/attract 培养：foster→cultivate/develop 完成：complete→finish/accomplish 加强：strengthen→reinforce/enhance 2.句式拓展： 同义句替换 原句：It not only strengthened parents’ bond with their children but also promoted a healthier lifestyle. 拓展句：Not only did it strengthen parents’ bond with their children but it also promoted a healthier lifestyle. 【点睛】【高分句型1】The highlight of the event was the “teamwork challenge” where families had to complete a series of tasks, such as passing a ball through hoops or solving puzzles together.(运用了where引导定语从句。) 【高分句型2】The route was carefully designed to be enjoyable for both children and adults, winding through the scenic paths of our school’s grounds and nearby park.(运用了现在分词作状语。) 第二节 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整短文。 I was so caught up in my busy work life that I only focused on my own routines. Every day, I was trapped in a self-centered bubble, rushing from one task to another, completely unaware of the beauty that could exist between people. That fateful day at the supermarket changed everything. I stood there, mortified, as the clerk informed me that I was $ 12 over what I had on me. Panic started to set in as I realized I might have to leave some of the essential items behind. I began to remove items from the bags, feeling embarrassed and a bit flustered. Just then, another shopper, a middle-aged man with kind eyes, stepped forward and handed me a $20 bill. “Please don’t put yourself out, ” I told him, trying to decline his generous offer. “Let me tell you a story, ” he said, his voice soft yet carrying a weight of emotion. “My mother is in the hospital with cancer. I visit her every day and bring her flowers. I went this morning, and she got mad at me for spending my money on more flowers. She demanded that I do something else with that money. So, here, please accept this. It is my mother’s flowers. ” I was stunned by his kindness and the depth of his story. I stared at him in disbelief for a moment. Then I thanked him profusely and accepted the money, feeling a mix of gratitude and guilt. As I left the store, I couldn’t stop thinking about the man and his mother. I thought about the selflessness of his act, sacrificing his intended gift for his sick mother to help a stranger in need. I’ve always believed in helping others, and this moment reminded me why it’s so important. It wasn’t just about the money; it was about the connection. The next day, I went to the hospital where the man’s mother was staying. I brought a small bouquet of flowers and asked the receptionist for her room number. When I entered the room, I saw an elderly woman lying in bed, her face pale but her eyes full of warmth. I introduced myself and told her about her son’s act of kindness. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150词左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 She listened absorbedly, a proud smile spread ing across her face. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Some time later, I received a letter of gratitude from the man. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: She listened absorbedly, a proud smile spreading across her face. Tears welled up in her eyes as I described how her son had come to my aid without hesitation. She reached out and gently held my hand, expressing how deeply moved she was by his kindness. I could see the love between them, even in that brief moment. She told me how difficult it had been for her recently, but that her son's compassion gave her strength and hope. I stayed with her for a while, chatting and sharing small laughs. Before I left, I promised to visit again. That day, I realized the power of human connection — it can bring light into the darkest times and heal hearts in unexpected ways. Some time later, I received a letter of gratitude from the man. In the letter, he thanked me for visiting his mother and said that she had cherished the flowers and the conversation. He wrote that seeing her smile that day meant more to him than words could express. He also shared how inspired he felt by my gesture, and that it reminded him not to lose faith in the goodness of strangers. Enclosed in the letter was the $20 bill again, with a note saying, “Pass it on.” I smiled, realizing that kindness truly has a ripple effect — one small act can spark a chain of warmth and hope. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物的情感转变为线索展开，讲述了作者因忙于工作而自我封闭，在超市购物钱不够时，得到一位陌生男子帮助，男子讲述其母亲患病及母亲让他用买花的钱去帮助他人的故事。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容 “她全神贯注地听着，脸上露出自豪的笑容” 可知，第一段可描写 作者向男子母亲详细讲述她儿子帮助自己的过程，母亲的感动与回应，以及作者与她相处的场景，体现出人与人之间情感的交流和善意带来的力量，最后作者从中获得感悟。 ②由第二段首句内容 “一段时间后，我收到了那个男人的感谢信” 可知，第二段可描写信中男子对作者看望他母亲的感谢，分享母亲的反应和自己的感受，以及他随信寄回 20 美元并让作者传递善意，从而突出善意的传递和影响。 2. 续写线索：讲述帮助过程——母亲感动回应——作者与母亲交流——收到感谢信——信中表达感谢与感悟——善意传递 3. 词汇激活 行为类： ①描述：described/narrated ②握住：held/clasped/grasp/seize ③聊天：chatting/conversing 情绪类： ①感动：moved/touched ②自豪：proud/glorious 【点睛】【高分句型1】Tears welled up in her eyes as I described how her son had come to my aid without hesitation.（运用了as引导时间状语从句以及how引导宾语从句作describe的宾语） 【高分句型2】I stayed with her for a while, chatting and sharing small laughs.（运用了现在分词短语作状语 ） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2023级普通高中学科素养水平监测试卷 英 语 2025. 4 本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分。考试用时120分钟。 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后。将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共5题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. How will Mike go to school this morning? A. By car. B. By bus. C. By bike. 2 What do the speakers both order? A. A chicken sandwich. B. A cup of iced tea. C. A black coffee. 3. What caused the screen problem? A. Cold temperature. B. A system update. C. Loose connections. 4. What will the man do tomorrow? A. Prepare for the invitations. B. Set up the presentation. C. Book the conference room. 5. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Editor and writer. B. Boss and employee. C. Teacher and student. 第二节 (共15小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分) 请听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给出的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题。每小题5秒钟，听完后各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 请听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Where are the speakers probably? A. In a cafe. B. In a bookstore. C. In a museum. 7. What is Lisa going to do next? A. See a doctor. B. Wander in the park. C. Read in the library. 请听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What will Maria do this Saturday? A. Ride a cable car. B. Climb a mountain. C. Have a buffet lunch. 9. What time should Maria finish her buffet meal? A. At 5: 45. B. At 6: 30. C. At 8: 15. 10. What will Maria do next? A Make the payment. B. Change the reservation. C. Provide her credit card details. 请听第8段材料，回答第11 至 13题。 11. What is Fleabag? A. The name of a fan. B. The name of a role. C. The name of an actress. 12. What does Phoebe learn from her mother? A. Creating freely. B. Hiding shortcomings. C. Following rules strictly. 13. How was Phoebe describe by The New Daily? A. Messy. B. Perfect. C. Genuine. 请听第9段材料，回答第14 至17题。 14. Why does the woman come to the man? A. To check in the hotel. B. To ask for a flash light. C. To ask about the power issue. 15. Who is probably the man? A. A hotel guest. B. A receptionist. C. A power worker. 16. When does Banff usually experience power overload? A. In March. B. In May. C. In December. 17. What does the man suggest the woman do? A. Go to see a show. B. Take a quick shower. C. Drink some hot water. 请听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What is the boarding gate on the boarding pass? A. Gate 22. B. Gate 29. C. Gate 72. 19. When is the final boarding call? A. At 10: 15 a. m. B. At 10: 30 a. m. C. At 10: 45 a. m. 20. What is the main purpose of the announcement? A. To inform passengers of a delay. B. To direct passengers to the correct departure point. C. To require passengers to double-check their documents. 第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Science LIVE! Student Conference Event at Disneyland Paris Event date: 6th March 2023 Show your students science in action at our Science LIVE! Conference. A half-day conference where students will hear from a variety of passionate scientists, combined with practical student activities all within the magic of Disneyland Paris. The event is aimed at 14—16-year-old students. Fun and learning in one! Our speakers are science communicators passionate about showing learners how science works. By applying the principles they learn in the classroom to the real world, learners gain an appreciation of its relevance to their everyday lives. They will have the opportunity to ask questions and get more insight into working in science during the interactive Q&A sessions. As part of the event, each student will receive their own workbook in advance of the event for pre-trip preparation as well as science park challenges to complete while enjoying the Disney Parks. Morning Afternoon Evening 5th Morning departure for Disneyland Paris by coach Overnight at Disneyland Paris 6th Science LIVE! Conference Free time enjoying the magic of the Disney Parks including the Disney fireworks 7th Return coach travel Arrive back at school Prices start from £325 per person. Price includes ·Return coach travel* ·2 nights bed & breakfast accommodation at Chateau de Grande Romaine ·Park Hopper Ticket ·Attendance at the Science LIVE! Conference ·Workbook for students ·Group Travel Insurance ·1: 10 free place ratio (比例) for staff on a twin room basis * Price based on 40 passengers. Train and flight options available. 1. What can students do at the conference? A. Hand in their workbooks. B. Share their everyday lives. C. Take part in science challenges. D. Receive instruction from scientists. 2. When will students tour the Disney Parks? A On the evening of 7th March. B. On the morning of 6th March. C. On the afternoon of 6th March. D. On the afternoon of 5th March. 3. What is included in the price of £325? A. A Park Hopper ticket. B. Breakfast for two. C. A twin room for parents. D. Return flight travel. B For Mexican poet Manuel Cuautle who was born in 1971, Chinese poetry possesses two qualities that make it stand out: naturalness and simplicity. From a very young age he has maintained a close relationship with Chinese literature. At first he was an eager reader and later Director of the Mexico City International Poetry Festival, which he has been organizing for a decade. As part of this festival, Cuautle, author of nine collections of poems and the children’s book La Nariz de Manuel (Manuel’s Nose) , has invited two Chinese poets every year for nine years to present their works and give readings in front of a group of Mexicans. Among his favorites are Liu Chang, Yu Jian and Li Cheng'en. The relationship grew even closer in 2013, when his collection of poems The Suicide of the Snail published in Argentina in 2005, was translated into Chinese by Zhang Jin, a teacher of classical Chinese literature. The book contains 18 poems. “I drew a parallel (平行线) between human life and the life of snails, because these animals also have the need to enjoy life. They’re here for a reason, and I turn that reason into poetry. I think my views relate closely to Eastern philosophy,” he explained about the poems. Digging deeper into the topic of language, Cuautle believes that contemporary standard Chinese bears a strong phonetic (语音的) likeness to the language families found in Mesoamerica, a term that refers to a geographical and cultural area which extends from central Mexico down through Central America. Theirs is a kind of brotherhood based on musicality. “If you speak neither standard Chinese nor Purépecha, which is spoken by roughly 175, 000 people in the northwestern region of Michoacán, Mexico, you’ll likely think they’re the same. ” he said. Cuautle went on to say, “If we compare ourselves with the Chinese, we realize there are many similarities. We can draw parallels between formalities, like a respect for your seniors, and even spot some gastronomic (烹任学的) similarities. All these features are attractive to both cultures. ” 4. What can we say about Cuautle? A. He admires Chinese literature deeply. B. He fell in love with poems at a festival. C. He shows little interest in children's literature. D. He finished Manuel’s Nose with two Chinese poets. 5. What do we know about The Suicide of the Snail? A. It is a newly published poem series. B. It is actually against Eastern philosophy. C. It explores human’s negative impact on snails. D. It is a reflection on snails, pleasure and life itself. 6. What does Cuautle think of Purépecha? A. Its users are mostly well-educated. B. It sounds similar to standard Chinese. C. It will soon be adopted in Michoacán. D. Its phonetic system is really confusing. 7. What does the author mainly talk about in the text? A. The growing popularity of poetry around the world. B. The similarities between Mexicans and the Chinese. C. A poet at the Mexico City International Poetry Festival. D. A Mexican wordsmith’s exploration of Chinese culture. C The Pygmalion effect was first discovered in the classroom by Robert Rosenthal. But you can find its effects everywhere. Now, we are going to study the Pygmalion effect using a famous experiment in the army designed by Professor Dov Eden. It was a 15-week army course where 105 soldiers were assigned to 4 instructors. A few days before the start of the program, each instructor received some files, including the trainees’ psychological test scores, grades in previous courses, and ratings given by previous commanders. Based on the information, researchers predicted the command potential (CP) of each soldier and then designated (指定) each trainee as having either a high, regular or unknown CP score. Soldiers of all 3 CP levels were divided equally among the 4 training classes. It’s important to know that, at the time, these 4 instructors didn’t know that the CP classification — the performance score on the list they received — was completely stochastic. In other words, the soldier listed as having the highest CP score could very well be the worst soldier in the group. After 15 weeks, the 105 soldiers were tested in 4 different areas. It was found that soldiers who had been marked with a high CP score significantly outperformed their classmates in all 4 subjects. Those with an average CP score ended up in the lowest. The third group — those with an unknown CP score — ended up in the middle. The difference in performance between the best and the worst group was even 15 percent. After detailed analysis, it showed that the fake CP scores explained almost three-quarters of the variance in performance. In other words, if a superior believes his subordinates (部下) have the ability to be great performers, their actual performance will increase. “As soon as the instructors believed that some soldiers had better abilities than others, they started managing those individuals differently. Just imagine those instructors spending more time with ‘promising’ soldiers, stressing successes, showing best practices, and teaching them how to deal with stressful situations. All these kick-start positive effects,” Eden said. 8. What can we learn about Dov Eden’s experiment? A. It was first carried out in the classroom. B. It was tested repeatedly by other researchers later. C. It divided the soldiers into three levels in advance. D. It observed the soldiers’ daily activities beforehand. 9. What does the underlined word “stochastic” in Paragraph 3 mean? A. Orderly. B. Unselected. C. Designed. D. Unsettled. 10. What did Dov Eden’s experiment find? A. The Pygmalion effect plays a limited role in the army. B Soldiers with unknown CP scores performed worst in 4 subjects. C. CP levels varied with the soldiers’ expectations of their instructors. D. Higher expectations from leaders improve their subordinates’ performance. 11. What does the text mainly talk about? A. The power of leadership in the army. B. An inspiration from the Pygmalion effect. C. The development of the Pygmalion effect. D. The Pygmalion effect in army management. D By accident, researchers have photographed Venus' surface from space for the first time. Though the planet's rocky body is hidden beneath the thick clouds, telescopes aboard NASA's Parker Solar Probe (帕克太阳探测器) managed to capture (捕捉) the first visible-light images of the surface taken from space, researchers reported in the February 16 Geophysical Research Letters. “We've never actually seen the surface through the clouds at these wavelengths before, ”said Lori Glaze, director of NASA's Planetary Science Division, on February 10. Though the Parker Solar Probe was built to study the sun, it must make regular flybys of Venus. The planet's gravity pulls the probe, tightening its orbit and bringing it closer to the sun. Those assists from Venus helped the spacecraft (航天器) make headlines when it became the first probe to enter the sun's atmosphere. It was during two such flybys in July 2020 and February2021 that the probe's WISPR telescopes captured the new images. While WISPR found Venus' dayside too bright to image, it was able to recognize extensive surface features, through the clouds on the nightside. The photographs show a planet is so hot that it looks much like red-hot iron, said Brian Wood, an astrophysicist at the U. S. Naval Research Laboratory in Washington, D. C. , and a co-author of the paper. “The pattern of bright and dark that you see is basically a temperature map,” he said — brighter regions are hotter and darker regions are cooler. This pattern correlates well with topographic maps (地形图) previously produced from radar and infrared (雷达和红外线) surveys. Highlands appear dark and lowlands appear bright, Wood said. The images came as NASA prepared to launch two missions to Venus. “The new photographs”, Wood said, “may help in the interpretation of the observations taken in the future from these new missions. ” 12. How did the researchers photograph Venus' surface from space? A. By detecting wavelengths. B. By looking for thick clouds. C. By tracking Venus' rocky body. D. By using the Parker Solar Probe. 13. What helped the spacecraft enter the sun's atmosphere? A. Venus' gravity. B. The sun's assists. C. Its slowing down. D. Its flybys of the sun. 14. What can we learn from Wood's words about the photographs? A. They were taken by infrared and radar. B. They fail to reveal Venus' surface features. C. Brighter areas represent higher temperatures. D. Darker colors mean lowlands in the topography. 15. Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A. NASA prepared to finish two missions to Venus B. Parker Solar Probe has further explored Venus' surface C. The secrets of Venus' surface uncovered by researchers D. The first visible-light images of Venus' surface taken from space 第二节 (共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 If you’re a hiker or outdoor person, you know how important it can be to bring a snack with you on a long outdoor adventure. ____16____ But when you’re done with your apple, you can just throw the core away, right? While your banana skin or apple core will degrade when exposed to nature, it is not necessarily safe for the environment for you to do so. Here’s why. ____17____ If you’ve ever had a compost heap (堆肥堆), you know that when you throw something in the compost, it takes some time to biodegrade and turn into rich, dark soil. Compost heaps are often the most ideal places for this organic matter to break down. ____18____ Next, leaving food waste could harm wildlife. If you leave an apple core near your favorite outdoor adventure spot, a deer may come along and decide to finish eating it for you. ____19____ However, feeding wildlife increases habituation. If an animal becomes habituated to finding apple cores along roadsides, for example, it increases the likelihood that it will be hurt or killed by passing traffic. Ultimately, the best practice when experiencing nature is to pack out everything that you pack in, even biodegradable food waste. Humans have systems in place for dealing with the quantity of organic food waste we produce. ____20____ A. The deer may be happy with the find. B. Do remember to bring your favorite snack. C. First, food waste might not degrade quickly. D. Finally, this might attract a group of wild deer. E. The ground near your favorite local hiking path is not. F. Nature, on the other hand, may have a harder time dealing with our waste. G. A banana, apple, or some other snack can make all the difference to how far you can go. 第三部分 语言运用 (共三节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 In 1996, I was in India, teaching business skills to street kids in Mumbai. Our adviser was Ela Bhatt. I went to visit her in Ahmedabad. During our conversation, Ela ____21____ how her organization, the Self-Employed Women's Association (SEWA) , provided small loans to women to start and run small businesses. She suggested I go downstairs and participate in their program. I had ____22____ going downstairs as they were lined with dozens of women in brightly colored saris (莎丽服) sitting on the steps waiting patiently to either get their ____23____ or repay their loan. I sat with the coordinator (协调者) and tried to look ____24____ . I was the only white person and one of about five men in the place. We ____25____ the loans in small amounts ranging from $50 to $ 100. The women ____26____ me profusely (毫不吝惜地) thinking because I was white I was the ____27____ of the money. They were using the money to buy fruit to sell or make clothes to sell or make money some other way to feed their children. The importance of this money was ____28____ . Ela was a ____29____ woman, perhaps 4 feet and 9 inches, but I felt _____30_____ beside her. Her contribution was _____31_____ . She provided the means to _____32_____ for over two million poor Indian women, and she fought for the rights of millions more. I came away from this _____33_____ on a real high and feeling great to have met this _____34_____ woman. I am not _____35_____ that she walked in the company of other great humanitarians such as Jimmy Carter and Nelson Mandela. 21. A. doubted B. wondered C. described D. understood 22. A. difficulty B. potential C. success D. pleasure 23. A. news B. money C. attention D. job 24. A. necessary B. critical C. official D. demanding 25. A. applied for B. gave out C. lived on D. complained about 26. A. thanked B. questioned C. supported D. blamed 27. A. source B. winner C. borrower D. creator 28. A. old-fashioned B. unreasonable C. overestimated D. eye-opening 29. A. beautiful B. tiny C. single D. smart 30. A. valuable B. uncomfortable C. small D. confident 31. A. normal B. hard C. acceptable D. enormous 32. A. pressure B. power C. employment D. truth 33. A. accident B. experience C. opportunity D. responsibility 34. A. wonderful B. simple C. odd D. poor 35. A. satisfied B. worried C. convinced D. surprised 第二节 (共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The lion dance is one of the most widespread folk dances in China. Ancient people regarded the lion as a symbol of bravery and strength, ____36____ could drive away evil and protect humans. Therefore, performing the lion dance in festivals and big events has become a custom now and people expect ____37____ (pray) for good luck, safety, and happiness. The ____38____ (early) use of the word shizi (meaning the lion) appeared in Han Dynasty text and had strong association with Central Asia. Lions ____39____ (present) to the Han court from Central Asia at that time. A detailed ____40____ (describe) of the lion dance appeared during the Tang Dynasty and it was then recognized by writers and poets ____41____ a foreign dance. However, the lion dance may have been recorded in China as early as the third century AD. ____42____ (develop) over 2000 years, the lion dance has evolved into two major forms—the Northern Lion Dance and the Southern Lion Dance. Both forms are found ____43____ (common) in China now, but around the world especially in Southeast Asia, the Southern Lion Dance predominates (占主导地位) because ____44____ was spread by those people who were historically mostly of Southern Chinese ____45____ (original) . 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，校英文报的记者，上周日你校举办了“亲子趣味跑”Family Fun Run 活动。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括： 1. 参与人员、活动内容 (如跑步路线、互动环节等) ； 2. 活动意义、反响。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Family Fun Run: A Memorable Event for All ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I was so caught up in my busy work life that I only focused on my own routines. Every day, I was trapped in a self-centered bubble, rushing from one task to another, completely unaware of the beauty that could exist between people. That fateful day at the supermarket changed everything. I stood there, mortified, as the clerk informed me that I was $ 12 over what I had on me. Panic started to set in as I realized I might have to leave some of the essential items behind. I began to remove items from the bags, feeling embarrassed and a bit flustered. Just then, another shopper, a middle-aged man with kind eyes, stepped forward and handed me a $20 bill. “Please don’t put yourself out, ” I told him, trying to decline his generous offer. “Let me tell you a story, ” he said, his voice soft yet carrying a weight of emotion. “My mother is in the hospital with cancer. I visit her every day and bring her flowers. I went this morning, and she got mad at me for spending my money on more flowers. She demanded that I do something else with that money. So, here, please accept this. It is my mother’s flowers. ” I was stunned by his kindness and the depth of his story. I stared at him in disbelief for a moment. Then I thanked him profusely and accepted the money, feeling a mix of gratitude and guilt. As I left the store, I couldn’t stop thinking about the man and his mother. I thought about the selflessness of his act, sacrificing his intended gift for his sick mother to help a stranger in need. I’ve always believed in helping others, and this moment reminded me why it’s so important. It wasn’t just about the money; it was about the connection. The next day, I went to the hospital where the man’s mother was staying. I brought a small bouquet of flowers and asked the receptionist for her room number. When I entered the room, I saw an elderly woman lying in bed, her face pale but her eyes full of warmth. I introduced myself and told her about her son’s act of kindness. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150词左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 She listened absorbedly, a proud smile spread ing across her face. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Some time later, I received a letter of gratitude from the man. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$