短文填空(语法填空)--仁爱科普版八年级下册期末专项

2025-04-30
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1 / 8 短文填空(语法填空) Passage 1 根据句子意思,用所给单词的适当形式填空。未提供单词的根据上下文填入适当的词。(共 10 小题,每小题 1分) . Our class is like a big family. All the ______ (classmate) care about each other. Last Monday, Sarah, one of my best friends,________(fall) ill and missed the math exam. We were all ________(worry) about her. After school, we decided ______ (visit) her at the hospital. Mrs. Li, our math teacher, said, "Let’s help Sarah catch up ______our lessons." We made a plan: five students would take turns to teach _______ (she) math. I volunteered to bring her the ______ (one) day’s notes. Sarah was touched by what we did "You’re ______ (nice) than anyone I’ve met," she said. With our help, she ______ (pass) the exam last Friday. In our class, we believe that a small act of ________(kind) can make everyone feel warm. No one is left behind because we’re a team! Passage 2 根据句子意思,用所给单词的适当形式填空。未提供单词的根据上下文填入适当的词。(共 10 小题,每小题 1分) The Power of a Smile(友谊与善良) One morning, I noticed a new student named Anna ________(sit) alone in the classroom. Her face looked sad, and she kept staring at her desk. I remembered how nervous I felt when I ________(one)moved to this school, so I walked over and smiled at _________(she). "Hi, I’m Lily. Would you like to have lunch ___________ me?" ___________(Anna) eyes lit up, and she nodded _________(shy) . During lunch, she told me she had just moved from another __________(city) and missed her old friends. "Don’t worry," I said, "everyone here is __________(friend)." The next day, I introduced her to my classmates, and soon 模块一 经典基础题 Passage 1—Passage 6 模块二 中等难度题 Passage 7—Passage 11 模块三 拓展拔高题 Passage 12—Passage 15 模块一 经典基础题 内容概览 2 / 8 Anna became part of our group. Now, Anna is one of my _________(good) friends. I learned that a simple smile can be the start of a beautiful friendship. It __________(cost) nothing, but it means everything to someone who feels lonely. Passage 3 根据句子意思,用所给单词的适当形式填空。未提供单词的根据上下文填入适当的词。(共 10 小题,每小题 1分) The Mid-Autumn Festival(文化传承) The Mid-Autumn Festival is one of China’s __________(much) important traditions, celebrated on the 15th day of the ________(eight) lunar month. Families get together to enjoy the full moon, which stands for unity and___________(happy). A key part of the festival is eating mooncakes. These round cakes are __________(fill) with sweet beans, eggs, or meat, and their shape represents the full moon. In ________(I) family, we always make mooncakes__________(一起). My grandma says, "Sharing mooncakes means sharing love." Besides ____________(eat), children often carry lanterns shaped like __________(rabbit) or stars. The soft lights create a __________(magic) atmosphere. The Mid-Autumn Festival ________(teach) us to value family time and appreciate our cultural heritage. Passage 4 根据句子意思,用所给单词的适当形式填空。未提供单词的根据上下文填入适当的词。(共 10 小题,每小题 1分) A Day of Cleaning(环保行动) Last Saturday, our class volunteered to clean Green Park. When we arrived, we were ________ (shock) to see litter everywhere—plastic bottles, paper bags, and even __________(break) toys. We quickly divided into __________(group): some picked up trash, __________(other) cleaned the benches, and a few ___________(draw) posters to remind people to protect the environment. At __________(one) , my hands got dirty, and I felt tired. But when I saw the park becoming __________(clean), and a little girl picking up a candy wrapper without ___________(be) told, I felt proud. By the end of the day, the park looked beautiful again. Our teacher said, "Small actions can make a big ____________(different)." That day, I realized we don’t need superpowers to help the earth—just a ___________(will) heart. Passage 5 根据句子意思,用所给单词的适当形式填空。未提供单词的根据上下文填入适当的词。(共 10 3 / 8 小题,每小题 1分) How to Stay Healthy(健康生活) Staying _________(health) is important for middle school students. Here are three simple_______(tip): First, eat a balanced diet. Try to have more fruits, vegetables, and grains, and _________(little) junk food. My mom always says, "An apple__________ day keeps the doctor away!" _________(two), exercise regularly. Whether it’s playing basketball, _________(dance), or even walking to school, moving your body for 30 minutes a day __________(make) you stronger and happier. Third, get __________(充足的)sleep. Most teens need 8-10 hours of sleep to focus in class. Don’ t stay _____________ late studying or using your phone! Remember, health is like a tree—take care ___________it, and it will take care of you. Passage 6 根据句子意思,用所给单词的适当形式填空。未提供单词的根据上下文填入适当的词。(共 10 小题,每小题 1分) 《Peking Opera is Fun!》 Peking Opera is a special kind of show in China. The _______(act) wear very colorful clothes and paint their faces with bright colors. A red face means the person is brave, and a black face means strong. Their _________(move) are like dancing—they tell ________(story) with their hands and feet. Last month, I _______(watch) a Peking Opera about a dragon. The actor’s clothes had long, flowing sleeves. When he moved, it looked like the dragon was ________(fly) ! After the show, I tried on a small hat from the stage. It was ________(fun) but cool. After the show, I _______(try) on a costume. The headdress was heavy, but I felt like a queen. Peking Opera isn't just entertainment—it's a window into _________(China) history. Even young people are __________(start) to love it! It is not just old, it’s a way to see China’s __________(story) come alive! Passage 7 根据句子意思,用所给单词的适当形式填空。未提供单词的根据上下文填入适当的词。(共 10 小题,每小题 1分) The Flying Toast Incident One busy Monday morning, 13-year-old Tom was ___________(rush)to eat breakfast before 模块二 中等难度题 4 / 8 school. His mom placed a plate of toast and ___________(egg) in front of him. “Hurry up, Tom! You’ll miss the bus!” she said. Tom__________(take) a big bite of toast and tried to pick up his milk, but __________(he) elbow knocked the plate. _____________(sudden), a piece of toast flew through the air and landed on the kitchen floor. Their dog, Buddy, ran over and grabbed it___________(happy). “Mom! Buddy ___________(steal) my toast!” Tom cried. His mom laughed. “Well, at least someone enjoyed breakfast. Here, take this one— but eat it while _________(walk). The bus is coming!” Tom ran out the door, munching toast. __________(late) that day, his math teacher asked, “Tom, why do you have crumbs on your desk?” Tom grinned. “Long story: involving a flying toast and a very _________(hunger) dog.” Passage 8 根据句子意思,用所给单词的适当形式填空。未提供单词的根据上下文填入适当的词。(共 10 小题,每小题 1分) The Argument Between Pencil and Eraser In Tim’s pencil case, a pencil and an eraser were arguing. “You’re always __________(make) mistakes!” said the pencil. “I have to work ___________(two) as hard because you can’t write straight!” The eraser shouted. “Mistakes? You’re the one who keeps ___________(break) lead! And your tip is so dull, you can barely write. At ___________(little) I fix your messes!” Just then, Tim started doing his homework. He ___________(write) “ I luv apples” (oops, missing an ‘e’), so he used the eraser to correct it. Then the pencil broke, and Tim sharpened it. “See?” said the pencil. “We need each other. Without you, _______(I) mistakes stay forever. Without me, you’d have nothing to erase.” The eraser __________(nod) . “True. Let’s be friends instead______________( enemy敌人)—after all, we’re both here to help Tim pass math!” From then on, they worked together ___________(quiet) except when Tim forgot to put the cap on the eraser, making it stick __________ the pencil. Some things never change! Passage 9 根据句子意思,用所给单词的适当形式填空。未提供单词的根据上下文填入适当的词。(共 10 小题,每小题 1分) The Power of Small Things on Feelings One afternoon, I was in a bad mood because I ____________(quarrel) with my friend. Walking 5 / 8 home alone, I felt sad. Then, something ___________(amaze) happened. I saw a little boy ________(feed) pigeons in the park. The pigeons flew around him, and his smile was so pure. Watching __________(they), my heart softened. Suddenly, it started to rain. I didn’t have an umbrella and had to run for shelter. Under a big tree, an old lady noticed me. She shared her umbrella ________ me and said, “Don’t get wet, dear.” Her kindness touched me_________(deep). These small ___________(thing) changed my feelings. The boy’s simple joy and the lady’s kindness made my bad mood _____________(appear). I realized that many things around us can affect how we feel. Now, I pay more ____________ to(注意) the good around me. A smile, a helping hand— they all have the power to make us happy. It’s a lesson that reminds me to find beauty in everyday life. Passage 10 根据句子意思,用所给单词的适当形式填空。未提供单词的根据上下文填入适当的词。(共 10 小题,每小题 1分) Exploring Tian’anmen Square During the holiday, my parents took me to Tian’anmen Square. It is very big and famous. _________ we got there, we saw many people. _________(one), we went to the Monument to the People’s Heroes. We read the words on it. They told the stories of ___________(hero). My parents explained how these heroes _____________(fight) for our country. Then we watched the flag-raising ceremony. The soldiers walked __________(neat). When the national flag went up, everyone was quiet and ________(pride). After that, we walked around the square. We saw the Great Hall of the People. It was very grand. We also met__________( tour) from different places. Some were taking pictures, some were talking. ___________(explore) Tian’anmen Square taught me a lot about our country’s history. I knew we should cherish ____________(we) happy life. This exploration was interesting and _________(mean). It made me love my country more. Passage 11 根据句子意思,用所给单词的适当形式填空。未提供单词的根据上下文填入适当的词。(共 10 小题,每小题 1分) A Great Trip to Mount Tai Last summer, my family and I went to Mount Tai for a three-day visit. On the first day, we got to the foot of the mountain. We found a warm hotel to live in. The __________(own)told us many stories about Mount Tai. 6 / 8 The next day, we started _________(climb). The steps were a bit tiring, but the views were wonderful. There _________(be)old trees and special stones. We saw some temples. The buildings were very beautiful, with red walls. When we climbed__________( high), we met an old man. He was climbing slowly but __________(happy). His spirit encouraged us. Finally, we got to the top. The clouds were___________us, like a dream world. On the___________(three) day, we watched the sunrise. The sun came up from the clouds, and the mountain was full of golden light. We _________(take) many photos. This trip to Mount Tai was so great. We enjoyed the ____________(beautiful) of nature and learned about persistence. It’s a trip we will never forget, leaving us with many good ____________(memory). Passage 12 根据句子意思,用所给单词的适当形式填空。未提供单词的根据上下文填入适当的词。(共 10 小题,每小题 1分) Designing Our Ideal Uniforms Our teacher gave us an ___________(interest) task—designing our own uniforms. We were all excited to start, thinking about _________our perfect uniforms would look like. I wanted a uniform that was both_________( comfort) and stylish. So, I designed a jacket and trousers. The jacket would be blue, like the sky, and have two big pockets—very useful ______ carrying books or small things. The trousers would be dark blue, easy to move in. I also _________(think) about adding our class logo on the jacket. My classmate Mary had a different idea. She designed a dress. It was white with a red collar, looking very clean and___________( live). She thought it could show our ___________(young). Another classmate, John, focused on functionality. He designed a uniform with special fabric that __________(can) keep us warm in winter and cool in summer. Designing uniforms allowed us to express _________(we)ideas. We realized that uniforms don’t have to be boring. They can be full of personality and meet our needs. It was a great chance to use our__________( create). Now, we all hope that one day our designs can become real, and we can wear our own uniforms with pride. Passage 13 根据句子意思,用所给单词的适当形式填空。未提供单词的根据上下文填入适当的词。(共 10 小题,每小题 1分) The Unforgettable Fashion Show The day of our class fashion show finally arrived. Everyone was full of _________(excite) and a 模块三 拓展拔高题 7 / 8 little nervous. We put on our_________(create) clothes and got ready to shine. Lily walked out first, ________(wear) a dress made from old curtains. It had beautiful patterns, and she looked like a princess. Then it was my turn. I wore the vest and jeans I made. As I walked, I _________(hear) my classmates clap and cheer. There were so many amazing designs: a coat made from old sweaters, a skirt from colorful ________(scarf). Each design was a surprise. _________ the show, our teacher smiled and said, “The fashion show was wonderful! You all did a great job!” We were all very happy to hear that. We took many photos together, laughing and talking _________ how much fun we had. This fashion show was a big __________(succeed). It showed our creativity and talent. We learned that with ____________(imagine), we can make ordinary things extraordinary. Whenever we talk about this show, we feel proud. It’s an ______________(forget) memory, telling us to always believe in our creativity. Passage 14 根据句子意思,用所给单词的适当形式填空。未提供单词的根据上下文填入适当的词。(共 10 小题,每小题 1分) A Happy Surprise Last Tuesday, when Kate came into the classroom, she found her classmates busy ________ something. __________(actual), they were preparing for her birthday. Her good friend, Jane, planned this. Jane knew Kate’s parents were away on ____________(busy). __________ the break, Jane asked Kate to help carry books, taking her out of the classroom. Then, other classmates quickly decorated the room. They put up___________(color) paper flowers and a “Happy Birthday” banner. When Kate returned, everyone shouted, “Surprise!” A big cake sat on the desk. Kate’s eyes__________(light) up with excitement. Classmates gave her small gifts—nice pencils and pretty cards. Kate happily said, “Thank you all! This is the__________(good)surprise!” They sang the birthday song, ate the cake, and laughed a lot. This surprise showed the love among classmates. It made everyone realize that_________(care) for friends brings happiness. Such warm moments are like sweet ___________(candy) in school life, letting them understand the beauty of friendship. They learned a little love creates big joy, and this____________( excite) will stay in their hearts forever. Passage 15 根据句子意思,用所给单词的适当形式填空。未提供单词的根据上下文填入适当的词。(共 10 小题,每小题 1分) AMeaningful Cooking Class Our school organized a special cooking class last month. When ___________(hear) the news, I 8 / 8 felt excited but also nervous. I wasn’t sure ___________ I could cook well, but I really wanted to try. In the class, the teacher taught us to make egg ___________(fry) rice. First, we prepared ingredients: rice, eggs, ham, and vegetables. I __________(care) cut the ham and vegetables into small pieces. Then, it was time to cook. I heated the pan and put some oil in. When the oil was hot, I _____(pour) the beaten eggs into the pan. Oh! The eggs spread quickly. I stirred them in a hurry. Next, I added the rice. It ____________(stick) to the pan a little, and I worried. But I kept stirring as the teacher taught. Then I put in the ham and vegetables. Finally, I added some salt and soy sauce. While cooking, I kept asking ________(me), “Will it taste good? Did I do everything right?” When the egg fried rice was ready, I was still not sure. But when I tasted it, wow! It was delicious! Though it wasn’t as perfect as the_________(teacher), I felt proud. This cooking class taught me that even if we’re not sure about something at first, we should give it a try. Practice helps us do _______(well). Now, I know cooking is not only about making food but __________ about facing challenges bravely. Every time I think of this class, I smile, remembering how I overcame my uncertainty. 1 / 14 短文填空(语法填空) 答案解析 Passage 1 1.classmates 2.friends 3.worried 4.to visit 5.with 6.her 7.first 8.nicer 9.passed 10.kindness 【导语】本文通过班级同学帮助生病的 Sarah 补习数学的故事,体现了班级如家一般的温暖和 团队互助的精神。 1.句意:我班像个大家庭,所有的同学关爱彼此。根据“all the”可知,此处表示的是所有的同 学,应该填名词复数。 2.句意:上个周一,我的一个好朋友生病了错过了数学考试。因为是上个周一发生的,所以谓 语动词应该用过去式,fall 的过去式是 fell. 3.句意:我们都很担心他. 前面是 be动词,所以 worry 应该用形容词形式,worry的形容词是 worried. 4.句意:放学后我们决定去医院看他,决定干某事为 decide to do something,所以空白处应填 to visit. 5.句意:让我们帮助 Sarah赶上我们的功课,赶上的固定词组时 catch up with,所以空白处应该 填 with. 6.句意:五个学生将要轮流教他数学。教某人什么用 teach somebody something ,这里边的 somebody做的是宾语,应该用宾格,所以应该填 she的宾格 her. 7.句意:我自愿带给他第一天的笔记,在这里面应该是序数词,他生病住院的第一天.one的序 数词为 first. 8句意:你们比我遇见的任何人都好,后边有 than,所以应该填形容词的比较级,nice比较级为 nicer. 9.句意:在我们的帮助下,上周五他通过了那次考试.上周五发生的事,所以谓语动词用过去式, pass的过去式是 passed 10.句意:我们相信一个小的善举能使每个人都感觉到温暖。横线前面是 of,of是介词,介词后 边跟名词。kind的名词为 kindness Passage 2 1. sitting 2.first 3.her 4. with 5.Anna's 6. shyly 7.city 8.friendly 9.best 10.costs 【导语】本文通过 Lily注意到新学生 Anna孤独,通过微笑和邀请午餐帮助她融入,最终成为 好朋友,说明微笑在建立友谊中的力量。 2 / 14 1.句意:一天早晨,我注意到一个叫安妮的新学生独自坐在教室里。含有句型注意到某人正在 干某事 notice somebody doing something。所以空白处应该填 sit的 ing形式 sitting。 2.句意:我记得当我第一次到这个学校的时候,我是多么紧张。空白处应该是第一次来到,所 以填序数词。one的序数词为 first. 3.句意:所以我走过去对她微笑。这里她做的宾语,所以应该用宾格。she的宾格是 her. 4.句意:你想要和我一块吃午饭吗?和某人吃饭应该用介词 with。 5. 句意:安娜的眼睛抬起来,这里指总的是名词所有格。Anna的所有格为 Anna's. 6.句意:他害羞的点了点头,在这里 shy用来修饰谓语动词,所以应该用副词形式。shy的副词 为 shyly. 7.句意:她告诉我,她刚从另外一个城市搬过来,并且很想念她的老朋友。another 的意思是另 一个,后跟名词单数,所以应该填写 city. 8.句意:这的人都非常友好。be 动词之后填形容词表示主语的性格特征。所以这里应该填 friend 的形容词 .friend的形容词为 friendly。 9.句意:安娜是我最好的朋友之一。最好之一, one of后边应该跟形容词的最高级和名词复数。 good的最高级为 best.所以应该填 best. 10.句意:一个微笑值不了多少,但是对于一个感觉到孤独的人来说,它价值一切. 句子是一般 现在时,主语 it,谓语动词应该用单三形式,所以应该填 costs. Passage 3 【导语】本文通过过中秋节教会我们珍惜家庭时光,感恩我们的文化遗产。 答案及解析: 1. most 解析:“one of the + 最高级 + 复数名词”为固定结构,表示“最……的……之一”,故填 much 的 最高级形式 most。 2. eighth 解析:表示“第八个农历月”,需用序数词 eighth。 3. happiness 解析:and 连接并列的名词,unity(团结)和 happiness(幸福)均为名词,共同作 stand for 的 宾语。 4. filled 解析:be filled with 为固定搭配,意为“充满……”,此处用过去分词表被动。 5. my 解析:修饰名词 family,需用形容词性物主代词 my,表示“我的家庭”。 6. together 解析:中文“一起”对应副词 together,修饰动词 make。 3 / 14 7. eating 解析:besides 为介词,后接动名词作宾语,故填 eat 的动名词形式 eating。 8. rabbits 解析:like 后接名词作宾语,根据语境“兔子形状的灯笼”,rabbit 为可数名词,此处用复数形 式 rabbits(与 stars 并列)。 9. magical 解析:修饰名词 atmosphere(氛围),需用形容词 magical(神奇的)。 10. teaches 解析:主语 The Mid-Autumn Festival 为第三人称单数,全文为一般现在时,故动词用第三人称 单数形式 teaches。 Passage 4 【导语】通过此次环保行动,文章传递了“从小事做起,每个人都能为保护环境贡献力量”的理 念,呼应了“环保行动不分大小,关键是愿意行动”的主题。 答案及解析: 1. shocked 解析:主语 we 与 shock 是被动关系,此处用过去分词作表语,表示“感到震惊的”,故填 shocked。 2. broken 解析:修饰名词 toys,需用形容词 broken(破碎的),表示“坏掉的玩具”。 3. groups 解析:divide into groups 为固定搭配,意为“分成小组”,group 是可数名词,此处用复数形式 groups。 4. others 解析:some...others... 为固定结构,表示“一些……另一些……”,此处指代“其他同学”,故填 others(相当于 other students) 5. drew 解析:全文为一般过去时,and 连接并列谓语,与 picked、cleaned 时态一致,故填 draw 的 过去式 drew。 6. first 解析:at first 为固定短语,意为“起初”,故填 first。 7. cleaner 解析:根据语境“公园变得更干净”,隐含与之前对比,用形容词比较级 cleaner(更干净的)。 8. being 解析:without 为介词,后接动名词作宾语,be told 为被动结构,故填 being。 4 / 14 9. difference 解析:make a difference 为固定短语,意为“有影响、起作用”,此处用名词 difference。 10. willing 解析:修饰名词 heart,需用形容词 willing(乐意的),a willing heart 表示“一颗乐意奉献的心”。 Passage 5 【导语】用“健康如树”的比喻,将抽象的健康概念具象化,呼吁长期、用心地呵护健康,呼应“可 持续的健康生活方式”主题。 答案及解析: 1. healthy 解析:stay 是系动词,后接形容词作表语,health(名词)需变为 healthy(形容词),表示“保 持健康”。 2. tips 解析:tip 是可数名词,前面有 three(三)修饰,需用复数形式 tips。 3. less 解析:与前文 “more fruits, vegetables, and grains” 形成对比,用 little 的比较级 less,表示“更 少的垃圾食品”。 4. a 解析:固定短语 “an apple a day” 表示“一天一苹果”,不定冠词 a 表示“每一”。 5. Second 解析:前文用 First 引出第一条建议,此处用 Second(第二)按顺序引出第二条建议,注意首 字母大写。 6. dancing 解析:与 playing basketball、walking 并列,作介词 like 的宾语,需用动名词形式 dancing。 7. makes 解析:动名词短语 “moving your body for 30 minutes a day” 作主语,谓语动词用第三人称单数 形式 makes。 8. enough 解析:修饰名词 sleep,用形容词 enough(充足的),位置在名词前(如 enough sleep)。 9. up 解析:固定搭配 stay up late 表示“熬夜”,故填 up。 10. of 解析:固定短语 take care of 表示“照顾、呵护”,此处表示“呵护健康这棵树”,故填 of。 Passage 6 【导语】本文主要介绍了京剧,结尾强调“年轻人开始热爱”,说明京剧通过创新表达(如亲身 5 / 14 体验戏服)打破“陈旧”标签,成为跨代际的文化桥梁,体现传统文化的当代生命力。 答案及解析: 1. actors 解析:此处作主语,需用表示“演员”的名词。根据谓语动词“wear”(原形)可知主语为复数, 故填 actor 的复数形式 actors(演员们)。 2. movements 解析:形容词性物主代词“their”后接名词,“move”的名词形式为“movement”(动作)。根据谓语 “are”可知主语为复数,故填 movements(动作)。 3. stories 解析:动词“tell”后接名词作宾语,“story”为可数名词。此处无不定冠词修饰,结合语境“用手脚 讲故事”(泛指多个故事),用复数形式 stories。 4. watched 解析:时间状语“Last month”表明动作发生在过去,需用一般过去时,故填 watch 的过去式 watched(观看)。 5. flying 解析:“look like”后接从句,从句中“was + 动词-ing”构成过去进行时,表示“看起来像龙正在飞 翔”,故填 fly 的现在分词 flying。 6. fun 解析:此处作表语,需用形容词。“fun”作为形容词时意为“有趣的”(强调“令人愉快的”),与“cool” 并列描述试戴帽子的感受,故填 fun(而非“funny”,后者侧重“滑稽的”)。 7. tried 解析:与前文“After the show”和“tried on a small hat”时态一致,均为一般过去时,故填 try 的过 去式 tried(尝试)。 8. China’s 解析:修饰名词“history”,需用名词所有格表示“中国的”,故填 China’s(中国的)。 9. starting 解析:“are + 动词-ing”构成现在进行时,表示“正在开始”,故填 start 的现在分词 starting(开 始)。 10. stories 解析:“China’s”后接名词,“story”为可数名词。根据语境“让中国的故事‘活起来’”(泛指多个故 事),用复数形式 stories。 Passage 7 【导语】“会飞的吐司”(flying toast)和“饥肠辘辘的狗”(hungry dog)形成戏剧性对比,狗抢 走吐司的意外让紧张的早晨变得轻松,结尾老师发现面包屑的细节呼应前文,构成完整的趣味 故事。 6 / 14 答案及解析: 1. rushing 解析:句首有 “was”,此处用过去进行时(was + 现在分词),表示“正在匆忙做某事”,故填 rushing(匆忙)。 2. eggs 解析:“a plate of” 后接可数名词复数,“egg” 为可数名词,故填 eggs(鸡蛋)。 3. took 解析:全文为一般过去时,“take a bite”(咬一口)的过去式为 took。 4. his 解析:修饰名词 “elbow”(手肘),需用形容词性物主代词 his(他的)。 5. Suddenly 解析:修饰整个句子,需用副词 Suddenly(突然地),注意首字母大写。 6. happily 解析:修饰动词 “grabbed”(抓住),需用副词 happily(开心地)。 7. stole 解析:讲述过去发生的动作,“steal”(偷)的过去式为 stole。 8. walking 解析:“while” 引导时间状语从句,省略主语 “you” 和 “are”,直接用现在分词 walking(走), 构成 “while walking”(边走边……)。 9. Later 解析:表示“后来”,用副词 Later(注意与 “late” 区分,“later” 指时间上的稍后)。 10. hungry 解析:修饰名词 “dog”,需用形容词 hungry(饥饿的)。 Passage 8 【导语】本篇是一篇拟人手法的文章,通过铅笔和橡皮在蒂姆的笔袋里争吵:铅笔抱怨橡皮总 是让它“犯错”(因为需要反复修改),橡皮则指责铅笔容易断铅、笔尖钝,它们意识到彼此不可 或缺——没有橡皮,错误无法修正;没有铅笔,橡皮也无用武之地。最终它们决定成为朋友, 共同帮助蒂姆学好数学,尽管偶尔仍会因为蒂姆没盖好橡皮帽而粘在一起,但合作才是关键。 答案与解析 1. making 语法:现在进行时(be always doing)表反复发生的动作,带有抱怨语气。 句意:你总是在“制造”错误! 2. twice 语法:表示倍数的副词,twice as hard 意为“两倍努力”。 搭配:倍数表达法 “倍数 + as + 形容词/副词原级 + as”。 7 / 14 3. breaking 语法:keep doing sth. 表示“持续做某事”,此处用动名词作宾语。 句意:你才是那个总把铅弄断的! 4. least 固定搭配:at least 意为“至少”,表让步。 句意:至少我能收拾你的烂摊子! 5. wrote 时态:全文为过去时,讲述过去发生的事,故用 write 的过去式 wrote。上下文:蒂姆“写”了 “I luv apples”,后文用 used 也提示过去时。 6. my 词性:修饰名词 mistakes,需用形容词性物主代词 my(我的)。句意:没有你,我的错误会 永远存在。 7. nodded 时态:过去时,橡皮“点头”同意,nod 的过去式双写 d 加 ed。逻辑:与前文 said 时态一致, 体现对话的连贯性。 8. enemies 固定搭配:instead of 后接名词/动名词,enemy 为可数名词,此处表复数概念(两者对立), 故用 enemies。句意:让我们做朋友而不是敌人。 9. quietly 词性:修饰动词 worked,需用副词 quietly(安静地)。语法:形容词变副词,quiet 结尾为 t, 直接加 ly 10. to 固定搭配:stick to 意为“粘在……上”,为固定短语。 句意:蒂姆忘记给橡皮盖帽子,导致它粘在铅笔上 Passage 9 【导语】作者因与朋友吵架而心情低落,独自回家时看到一个男孩开心地喂鸽子,他纯粹的笑 容让作者心软。突遇下雨,一位老太太主动分享雨伞,她的善意深深触动了作者。这些小事让 作者的坏心情消失,她意识到生活中微小的美好(如一个微笑、一次帮助)都能影响情绪,从 此学会留意身边的善意,从日常生活中发现美。 1. quarreled 时态:“吵架”发生在“心情差”之前,属于“过去”,用过去时(quarreled)。 上下文:前半句 “I was in a bad mood” 为过去时,吵架也是过去的动作,也需用过去时。 2. amazing 词性:修饰不定代词 something,用形容词 amazing(令人惊讶的)。 辨析:amazing 形容事物,amazed 形容人,此处修饰“某事”,用 amazing。 3. feeding 8 / 14 非谓语动词:see sb. doing sth. 表示“看见某人正在做某事”,强调动作正在进行。 句意:看到小男孩“正在喂”鸽子,用 feeding(现在分词)。 4. them 词性:作动词 watching 的宾语,用宾格 them(他们)。 语法:人称代词作宾语时用宾格,they(主格)→ them(宾格)。 5. with 固定搭配:share sth. with sb. 意为“与某人分享某物”,用介词 with。 句意:老太太和“我”分享雨伞,用 with 连接对象。 6. deeply 词性:修饰动词 touched(触动),用副词 deeply(深深地)。 辨析:deep 既可作形容词也可作副词,但 deeply 更强调抽象意义上的“深刻地”,此处修饰情 感,用 deeply。 7. things 名词单复数:small 前有 these(这些),需用复数形式 things。 上下文:“这些小事”指喂鸽子和分享雨伞两件事,用复数。 8. disappear 固定搭配:make sb./sth. do sth. 意为“使某人/某物做某事”,用动词原形 disappear(消失)。 句意:让坏心情“消失”,直接用原形,无需变化。 9. attention 固定搭配:pay attention to 意为“注意”,是固定短语,用名词 attention。 上下文:“我”开始更多“注意”身边的美好,用 attention 原形。 10. beauty 词性:find 发现、找到美,所以应该填名词 Passage 10 【导语】假期里,作者和父母游览天安门广场。首先参观人民英雄纪念碑,了解英雄们为国家 奋斗的故事;接着观看升旗仪式,感受庄严氛围;随后漫步广场,看到人民大会堂并遇到各地 游客。这次经历让作者了解了国家历史,懂得珍惜幸福生活,也更加热爱祖国。 答案与解析 1. When 语法:引导时间状语从句,意为“当……时”,主句和从句动作同时发生。 句意:当我们到达那里时,看到许多人。 2. First 逻辑:表示“首先”,与后文的 “Then” “After that” 构成顺序衔接,用序数词 First(首字母大 写)。搭配:常用于列举步骤的第一个环节。 3. heroes 9 / 14 名词单复数:hero 为可数名词,前文有 “these”(这些)修饰,且“英雄”不止一位,故用复数 heroes(以 o 结尾且表有生命的名词,复数加 es)。句意:碑文讲述了英雄们的故事。 4. fought 时态:主句 “explained” 为过去时,从句动作“战斗”发生在过去,用过去式 fought(fight 的 不规则变化)。上下文:描述英雄过去的行为,与主句时态一致。 5. neatly 词性:修饰动词 walked,需用副词 neatly(整齐地)。语法:形容词 neat 结尾为 t,直接加 ly 变副词。 6. proud 词性:与 quiet 并列作表语,用形容词 proud(自豪的)。 辨析:pride 为名词,proud 为形 容词,此处需形容词描述状态。 7. tourists 词性:作 met 的宾语,意为“游客”,用名词 tourist 的复数形式(前文有 different places,暗 示多人)。构词法:tour(旅游)+ ist → tourist(游客),复数加 s。 8. Exploring 非谓语动词:动名词作主语,句首首字母大写。语法:动词原形不能作主语,需转化为动名 词形式 exploring。 9. our 词性:修饰名词 life,用形容词性物主代词 our(我们的)。句意:我们应该珍惜“我们的”幸福 生活。 10. meaningful 词性:作表语,用形容词 meaningful(有意义的),由名词 meaning 加后缀 -ful 构成。 搭配:与 interesting 并列,描述这次探索的意义。 Passage 11 【导语】作者通过泰山三日游的经历,不仅领略了自然景观的壮丽(如古树、奇石、云海、日 出),更从一位坚持攀登的老人身上体会到“坚持”的力量。旅程最终成为难忘的记忆,传递出“在 探索自然之美时,毅力与坚持能让我们收获更多”的道理,鼓励人们在面对挑战时保持恒心,珍 惜过程中的美好。 答案与解析 1. owner 词性:定冠词 the 后接名词,own(动词/形容词)→ owner(名词,意为“主人”)。 句意:旅馆的“主人”给我们讲了许多关于泰山的故事。 2. climbing 非谓语动词:start doing sth. 表示“开始做某事”(强调习惯性或正在进行的动作),此处用 climbing。 10 / 14 辨析:start to do sth. 侧重“开始去做某事”,但 climb 是持续性动作,用 doing 更自然。 3. were 时态/主谓一致:there be 句型遵循“就近原则”,后接复数名词 old trees,且全文为过去时,故 用 were。句意:那里有古树和奇石。 4. higher 比较级:修饰动词 climbed,表示“爬得更高”,用副词 high 的比较级 higher(非规则变化, 直接加 er)。 上下文:随着攀登过程,用比较级体现“越往上爬”。 5. happily 词性:修饰动词 climbing,用副词 happily(形容词 happy 变副词,去 y 加 ily)。 句意:他 爬得很慢,但“开心地”。 6. around 介词:表示“在……周围”,clouds were around us 意为“云在我们周围”,描述山顶云海的景象。 搭配:固定用法,无需复杂语法,根据语境判断。 7. third 序数词:前文有 “first day” “the next day”,此处表示“第三天”,用序数词 third(基数词 three 序数词 third)。格式:序数词前需加 the,但此处前文已有 On the,直接用 third 即可。 8. took 时态:全文为过去时,take photos 的过去式为不规则变化 took。上下文:与前文 “watched the sunrise” 时态一致,描述过去动作。 9. beauty 词性:enjoy 后接名词,形容词 beautiful(美丽的)→ 名词 beauty(美丽)。搭配:enjoy the beauty of nature 意为“欣赏自然之美”,固定表达。 10. memories 名词单复数:many 后接可数名词复数,memory(记忆)以辅音字母 + y 结尾,变复数去 y 加 ies。句意:留给我们许多美好的“回忆”。 Passage 12 【导语】文章通过学生设计理想校服的经历,展现了不同学生对校服功能与风格的个性化理解 这一过程不仅激发了学生的创新思维,也传递了“打破常规、敢于表达”的理念,强调生活中处 处可以通过创意让事物兼具实用性与独特性。 答案与解析 1. interesting 词性:修饰物(task),用-ing结尾的形容词,表示“有趣的”。辨析:-ed形容词(interested) 修饰人,-ing形容词(interesting)修饰物,此处修饰“任务”,用 interesting。 2. what 语法:引导宾语从句,作介词 about 的宾语,且在从句中充当 like 的宾语(“看起来像什么”)。 11 / 14 固定搭配:What does...look like? 询问外观,此处为宾语从句,用陈述语序。 3. comfortable 词性:与 stylish 并列作表语,需形容词,名词 comfort(舒适)→ 形容词 comfortable。 句意:想要一套既“舒适”又时尚的校服。 4. for 固定搭配:be useful for doing sth. 意为“对做某事有用”,介词用 for。句意:大口袋“对携带书 本或小物件”很有用。 5. thought 时态:全文为过去时(gave, were, designed 等),此处用 think 的过去式 thought。上下文:描 述过去的思考,与前文时态一致。 6. lively 词性:作表语,描述裙子的外观,形容词 lively(活泼的),而非 live(动词“居住”或形容词“现 场的”)。 构词法:live(动词)+ ly → lively(形容词,充满活力的)。 7. youth 词性:作 show 的宾语,需名词,形容词 young(年轻的)→ 名词 youth(青春)。句意:她 认为裙子能展现我们的“青春”。 8. could 时态:主句为过去时(focused),从句动作(keep warm/cool)发生在过去,用 can 的过去式 could。 上下文:描述 John 设计的校服过去具备的功能,用过去式保持时态一致。 9. our 词性:修饰名词 ideas,用形容词性物主代词 our(我们的)。语法:express one’s ideas(表达 某人的想法),此处主语是 we,对应 our。 10. creativity 词性:作 use 的宾语,需名词,动词 create(创造)→ 名词 creativity(创造力)。 句意:这 是运用我们“创造力”的好机会。 Passage 13 【导语】文章讲述了一次难忘的班级时装秀,同学们用旧窗帘、毛衣、围巾等普通材料设计服 装,展现了非凡的创意与才华。时装秀不仅是一次展示,更让大家懂得:通过想象力和创造力, 平凡的事物可以变得与众不同。它传递了“相信自己的创意,勇于将想法变为现实”的理念,成 为同学们共同的骄傲与难忘回忆。 答案与解析 1. excitement 词性:介词 of 后接名词,动词 excite(使兴奋)→ 名词 excitement(兴奋)。搭配:be full of excitement 意为“充满兴奋”。 2. creative 12 / 14 词性:修饰名词 clothes,用形容词 creative(有创意的),动词 create(创造)→ 形容词 creative。 句意:穿上我们“有创意的”衣服。 3. wearing 非谓语动词:作伴随状语,主语 Lily 与 wear 是主动关系,用现在分词 wearing。语法:现 在分词短语表示“穿着”的状态,伴随主句动作 walked out。 4. heard 时态:全文为过去时(arrived, put, walked 等),此处用 hear 的过去式 heard。上下文:描述 过去听到同学们的掌声,时态一致。 5. scarves 名词单复数:colorful 修饰可数名词,scarf(围巾)以 f 结尾,复数变 f 为 v 加 es → scarves。 句意:用彩色“围巾”做成的裙子(多条围巾,用复数)。 6. After 逻辑关系:根据后文老师讲话(时装秀结束后),用介词 After(在……之后)。上下文:“秀后” 老师评价,与前文展示过程形成时间顺序。 7. about 固定搭配:talk about sth. 意为“谈论某事”,此处接 how much fun we had(我们的乐趣)。语 法:介词 about 表示“关于”,后接宾语从句。 8. success 词性:形容词 big 后接名词,动词 succeed(成功)→ 名词 success(成功的事)。 搭配:a big success 意为“一次巨大的成功”(抽象名词具体化)。 9. imagination 词性:介词 with 后接名词,动词 imagine(想象)→ 名词 imagination(想象力)。句意:我 们懂得了,有“想象力”就能让普通事物变得非凡。 10. unforgettable 词性:修饰名词 memory,用形容词 unforgettable(难忘的),由 forget 加否定前缀 un- 和后 缀 -able 构成。逻辑:与前文“难忘的回忆”呼应,反义词为 forgettable(易忘的)。 Passage 14 【导语】文章通过校园生活中的温馨场景,自然融入语法知识,传递“友谊与关爱”的主题,适 合学习者在语境中巩固基础语法,同时感受人际温暖的重要性。 答案与解析 1. preparing 语法:固定搭配 be busy doing sth.(忙于做某事),用现在分词 preparing。句意:同学们正忙 着“准备”某事(为生日惊喜做准备)。 2. Actually 词性:修饰整个句子,作状语,用副词 Actually(实际上),形容词 actual 变副词加 -ly。逻 13 / 14 辑:引出真实情况(同学们在准备生日),衔接上下文。 3. business 固定搭配:on business 意为“出差”,是固定短语,用名词 business(商务)。句意:凯特的父 母“出差”在外,解释她需要同学关爱的原因。 4. During 介词:表示“在……期间”,during the break(在课间),指同学们利用课间时间布置教室。 上下文:与后文“其他同学快速装饰教室”形成时间关联。 5. colorful 词性:修饰名词 paper flowers,用形容词 colorful(彩色的),名词 color 加后缀 -ful 变形容 词。句意:挂上“彩色的”纸花,描述装饰的细节。 6. lit/lighted 时态:全文为过去时,light up(点亮)的过去式为 lit(更常用)或 lighted,此处用 lit。 语境:凯特的眼睛因兴奋“亮了起来”,体现情感变化。 7. best 最高级:定冠词 the 后接形容词最高级,good 的最高级为 best(最好的)。句意:这是“最 棒的”惊喜,表达凯特的感动。 8. caring 非谓语动词:作主语,用动名词 caring(关心),动词 care 变动名词直接加 -ing。语法:动 名词短语作主语,意为“关心朋友带来幸福”。 9. candies 名词单复数:sweet 修饰可数名词,candy(糖果)复数为 candies(以辅音字母 + y 结尾, 变 y 为 i 加 es)。 比喻:温暖的时刻如同学校生活中的甜蜜“糖果”,用复数表多个美好瞬间。 10. excitement 词性:作主语,用名词 excitement(兴奋),动词 excite 变名词加 -ment。句意:这种“兴奋” 会永远留在他们心中,总结惊喜带来的情感影响。 Passage 15 【导语】文章通过“烹饪课”这一生活化场景,自然融入语法知识,传递“勇于尝试、实践出真知” 的道理,适合学习者在语境中巩固时态、词性转换、从句等基础语法点,同时领悟“面对挑战” 的积极态度。 答案与解析 1. hearing 语法:时间状语从句省略主语和 be动词(When I was hearing →When hearing),用现在分词 表主动。句意:听到消息时,我既兴奋又紧张。 2. whether/if 语法:引导宾语从句,表“是否”,用于不确定的语境(I wasn’t sure...)。辨析:whether和 if均 14 / 14 可,但 whether更正式,此处两者皆可。 3. fried 固定搭配:egg fried rice(蛋炒饭),fried为过去分词作定语,表“炒制的”。构词法:fry(动 词,油炸)→ fried(形容词/过去分词)。 4. carefully 词性:修饰动词 cut,用副词 carefully(小心地),形容词 care变副词加-fully(注意拼写)。句 意:我小心地把火腿和蔬菜切成小块。 5. poured 时态:全文为过去时,pour的过去式为 poured(规则变化,直接加-ed)。上下文:倒油是过去 发生的动作,与 heated、put时态一致。 6. stuck 时态/词性:过去式,stick to(粘在……上)的过去式为不规则变化 stuck。句意:米饭有点粘 锅,我开始担心。 7. myself 反身代词:作 ask的宾语,主语是 I,用反身代词 myself(自问)。搭配:ask oneself 意为“自 问”。 8. teacher's 名词所有格:表示“老师的(蛋炒饭)”,在单数名词 teacher后加’s。语境:虽然不如老师做的 完美,但“我”感到自豪。 9. better 比较级:修饰动词 do,用副词 well的比较级 better(更好地),体现“实践让我们做得更好”。固 定搭配:practice makes better(实践出真知)。 10. also 固定搭配:not only...but also...(不仅……而且……),连接两个并列的表语(about making food 和 about facing challenges)。 逻辑:强调烹饪的双重意义——制作食物和勇敢面对挑战。

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