单词拼写+词汇变形--人教版八年级下册期末专项

1 / 8 单词拼写+词汇变形 Unit 1 1. Don’t eat too much, or you’ll have a ________. (胃疼) 2. I talked too much yesterday and now I have a sore t___________. 3. He couldn’t go to work because his leg was b________ in a car accident. 4. He has a sweet tooth, and that’s why he has got a __________ [ˈtuːθeɪk]. 5. My sister had a bad cold. She c________ all night and couldn’t fall asleep. 6. You should ________ ________ (躺下) and have a rest if you are tired. 7. Emma h________ her back when she fell off her bike. 8. L________ on the bed to read books is bad for our eyes. 9. Judy took her temperature and found she had a high f________. 10. Susan has t________ learning English well, so she’s going to ask Mr. White for help. 11. When I’m free or ________ ________ (陷入) trouble, I take out a book and read quietly. 12. Be careful when you get _________ (离开) the bus. 13. I’m sorry to cause you so much _________ (苦恼). 14. When Ann faces difficulties, she always says to _________ , “Never give up!” (she) 15. In 2003, Aron Ralston ________ (包扎) his right arm to save his own life. 16. If you have a n________ (鼻出血), putting your head back may help. 17. We should eat healthily, exercise more and ________ (控制) our weight. 18. We will study the report carefully before making the final d________. 19. He is a mountain climber. He likes taking ________ (risk). 20. Julie always feels very sad when she is thinking of her grandpa’s ____________ (die). Unit 2 1. Ian is unhappy. His mother wants to ________ (使振奋) him up by making his favorite food. 2. When Sam feels down, his best friend always tries to c________ him up. 3. I used to ________ (volunteer) at the city park, but now I don’t have much time. 4. Jimmy, please help the teacher ________ (分发) the homework. 5. Can you ________ (想出) a new way of working out the problem? 6. The s________ (标志) says “No parking”. 2 / 8 7. As a new comer in our school, Jack feels l________ and wants to make some new friends. 8. I get such a strong feeling of ________ (满足感) when I see the animals get better. 9. Mr. Green is no longer the o________ of the house. He sold it last year. 10. People who have ________ (数个) close friends live more happily. 11. Robin came to work in our factory ________ (more than two) months ago. 12. Helen can look after herself when she is _________ (独自) at home. 13. R______ (举起) your hand if you know the right answer. 14. Dale, my bicycle is _______ ['brəʊkən]. May I use yours tomorrow morning? 15. There’s something wrong with my car. I need to find someone to help me r________ it. 16. The beautiful gift made the little girl ________.(excite) 17. We always ________ old books and clothes to help poor kids. (捐赠) 18. He is always ________ (想象) we are talking about him behind his back. 19. Mrs Green became d________ after a car accident and she can’t walk any longer. 20. Find a job that you like because being ________ in your work can bring you happiness. (interest) Unit 3 1. Being honest will p_________ more chances to build good relationships with people around you. 2. —Would you like some milk or tea? —N________. I’d like a glass of water. 3. Sharing chores can help children understand the idea of ________ (fair). 4. As we all know it’s a bad habit to w______ food. 5. When we have much s________ in life, we should learn to relax by doing something fun. 6. Success doesn’t d________ on luck. To be successful, you need to work hard. 7. Try to be i________ from your parents so that you will be able to make a living by yourself when growing up. 8. The Monkey King makes a terrible _______ (混乱) in heaven. 9. ________ (既然) you are new here, let me show you around our school. 10. I found my wallet under the sofa when I s________ the dirty floor at home. 11. He is our n________. His house is next to ours. 3 / 8 12. Her father is seriously ________ (有病) in hospital. 13. Doing chores can ________ (培养) children’s independence. 14. We are old enough to ___________ ourselves, so we shouldn’t depend on our parents too much. (照顾) 15. Marry went to the library yesterday in order to ________ (borrow) some science fictions. 16. She has little time to practise, so she hasn’t p________ (通过) her driving test yet. 17. ________ improve friendship between Russia and China, Putin visited China on May 16th, 2024. (为了) 18. His phone doesn’t work because he _________ (drop) it on the floor yesterday. 19. People threw r__________ everywhere a few years ago, so the city looked very dirty then. 20. Whether you can make your dream come true ________ how hard you work. (取决于) Unit 4 1. Mum spends an hour ________ magazines every day. (浏览) 2. The boy has bought many ________ (copy) of the famous singers’ records. 3. Sam was from a very t________ Chinese family, traditional and careful with everything. 4. When did you ________ today’s newspaper? (浏览) 5. In my o________ (意见), doing chores helps to develop children’s independence and teach them how to look after themselves. 6. You should find a ________ (恰当的) way to study for yourself. 7. You’d better ________ [kə'mju:nikeit] with your parents after you go home today. 8. It is difficult for us to _____________ (算出) the math problem. 9. Tom is not good at math. He always feels n________ before taking a math test. 10. At school, I can ________ my classmates. (和睦相处) 11. You can tell others what you think if you have different ideas. But always remember to choose a p________ way. 12. Firstly, I don’t have enough money. ________ (second), I don’t have enough time. 13. Your answer to the question is w________. I will tell you the right answer soon. 14. Her mother doesn’t a________ her to watch TV on school nights. 4 / 8 15. If you have too much p________, you should do something to relax. 16. It is not a bad way to ________ what water is. (explanation) 17. The two brothers often a________ (争吵) about which TV program to watch. 18. It’s w________ to copy others’ homework. You should do your homework by yourself. 19. We are too small to ________ (竞争) with a company like that. 20. Wherever you go and w________ you do, I’ll be right here waiting for you. Unit 5 1. We can collect rainwater when it rains ________ , and use it to water plants. (heavy) 2. When my parents heard the terrible news, they were c________ shocked. 3. _________ I thought math was easy, but later on I found it hard to learn it well. (起初) 4. We sat in _________ (无声, 缄默) after hearing the news. Nobody said a word. 5. My mother was ________ (打扫) the floor when I came back home from school. 6. Our physics teacher told us that l________ travels faster than sound. 7. Jerry lived in France until quite ________ (recent). 8. ________ is like a light and it finally shines in the dark. (true) 9. The little boy finally __________ after he cried for a while. (睡着) 10. After the storm last night, there was rubbish and ______ (掉落的) leaves everywhere. 11. Ben was helping his mom make dinner when the rain started to beat a________ the windows. 12. Please tell us the ________ (true) about this event. 13. They are ______ ______ (拆除) the old apartment and are going to build a new one. 14. She ________ (play) basketball when I called her at this time yesterday. 15. Each of the p________ (学生) can get a nice gift on Children’s Day. 16. My sister was ________ (read) a book in the study when I arrived home. 17. The doctor was cut in on many times while ________ (解释) the risks of the treatment. 18. —When will you b____________ to play computer games with me? —After I finish doing my homework. 19. Yesterday, the news on TV r______ (报道) that there was a rainstorm in the area. 20. While I ________ (drive) my old car, I was polluting the city. 5 / 8 Unit 6 1. If the temperature is below 0℃, water will turn ______ ice in the open air. 2. He took off his expensive watch ________ that he was very rich. (hide) 3. Mary told me the _________ (全部) story of her trip to the mountain. 4. The old man is very unhappy because the little boy is trying to _________ (欺骗) him. 5. He says he ________ (not come) to her birthday party next week unless he ________ (invite). 6. Some men care less about their ___________ (妻子) feelings and don’t want to share housework with them. 7. My parents got ________ (marry) twenty years ago. 8. The little boy always becomes very ________ (excite) when he listens to the music. 9. Tina saw a photo on the wall and it __________ (提醒，使想起) her of childhood. 10. The old photo r________(使想起) me of my dog which died in a heavy traffic accident. 11. Teng Fei faced the challenge bravely ________ giving up. (而不是) 12. I’d like to try this white dress. It might f________ me well. 13. We mustn’t throw any ________ (物品) from the tall building. It’s very dangerous. 14. My sister has a beautiful ________, so she wants to be a singer when she grows up. 15. Making a to-do list can ________(提醒) you what you need to do. 16. Pandas are so cute ________ almost everyone likes them in China. 17. _________ I finish my homework, I will help my mother do housework. (一……就……) 18. My mom will go shopping for some everyday o________ such as soap in a store. 19. Becky is worried about the coming geography test because she’s w________ in this subject. 20. Although you know the meaning of the word, you _________ (forget) it unless you use it. Unit 7 1. Although my grandma is 70 now, she is still in excellent c________. 2. ________ Tom failed his math exam again, he will never give up studying it.（即使） 3. Paris, the capital of France is one of the _________ (生机勃勃的) cities around the world. 4. Nobody was even u________ (丑陋 ) than Quasimodo, but he had a heart more beautiful than anyone else. 5. John is one of the m________ of the school soccer team. 6 / 8 6. For me, running for 10 miles is quite a great ________. (achieve) 7. It will become hard to ________ air as you get near the top of Qomolangma. (吸入) 8. Mike is much c________ about football than Tom. 9. Jinsha Paradise Walk is one of _________ (large) shopping centers in our city. 10. Jack likes science, so he thinks the AI Club is much ________ (enjoyable) than the Chess Club. 11. Mark gets w_________ after taking the medicine (药). Now he can’t even eat anything. 12. There are more and more ________ (tourist) coming to our small town. 13. I like everything related to music, ________ (include) the story about the music! 14. It is necessary for us to p________ (保护) our home—the earth. 15. Keep trying and keep working to your dream, you will __________ (成功) one day. 16. Mary has lost a lot of weight and she’s three kilos ________ (轻的) than before. 17. I thought about some things and stayed ________ (wake) all night. 18. This hall is about 10, 000 ________ (平方) kilometers in size. 19. Children must be accompanied (陪伴) by an a__________ (成年人) when they go swimming. 20. Though there’s dry weather and little water, China succeeded in changing parts of d________ into a place with grass in Xinjiang. Unit 8 1. Mr Smith ________ (success) arrived in the UK though he met a lot of difficulties. 2. How many students have __________ (报名) the competition? 3. In the s________ part of China, eating qingtuan at the beginning of spring is a kind of tradition (传统). 4. He has ________ (意识到) the importance of learning English well after that. 5. — The classroom is so clean. —We have just s________ the floor and put some things away. 6. My favourite kind of books is ________. (科幻小说) 7. The panda is our national ________ (珍宝). 8. The takeoff of Shenzhou-18 was a great ________ (succeed) and a big step forward in China’s space program. 9. The waste water from the factory ________ (pollute) the rivers nearby recently. 10. Mr. Lee is so funny and his lessons are always full of _______. (laugh) 7 / 8 11. Mary’s name is on the book, so it must b____________ to her. 12. I will remember my English teacher f________. 13. Have scientists ________ life on Mars? [dɪ'skʌvə] 14. While she was studying a_________ (在国外), she heard a song full of feelings. 15. Although the s________ sank to the bottom of the sea, people were rescued (拯救) at once. 16. My father always keeps a set of t________ (工具) in the back of his car. 17. The young man h________ (匆忙) to work because his clock didn’t go off. 18. So far, we __________ (收集) 3,000 dollars for the homeless children through voluntary work. 19. Children all love this book because every story in it is f________ (充满的) of fun. 20. In this part of the city, you can see ancient and m__________ buildings next to each other. Unit 9 1. My grandmother likes living somewhere p________. She doesn’t like noisy places. 2. He ________ (ride) six winners so far this year in the horse racing. 3. The ________ of People’s square is in the center of Shanghai. (locate) 4. It was an ________ (believable) moment when we won the first prize in the competition. 5. Li Hao, you have made great p_________ in English this term. 6. Elephants ________ (most) live on the land of Africa and in the forests of Asia. 7. What do you think is the most important ________ (invent) in the 21st century? 8. __________ (千) of visitors went to Nanjing to buy the handmade coffee. 9. I left my mobile phone s________ in the room. But I can’t find it. 10. My English teacher always e________ me and cheers me up when I feel upset. 11. He has s______ said right or wrong but without telling the reasons. 12. Project Hope is a ________(society) group that helps poor children with their education. 13. I don’t like winter, but I like ________, because it’s my favorite season. 14. It is ________ (完美的) to do experiments on the moon. 15. I have recently been to a very ________ /ˈʌnju: ʒʊəl/ museum in India. 16. Bring your c________ (相机) here tomorrow, boys and girls! 17. They have gone to the a________ park in our city. Because they want to experience roller coaster (过山车). 8 / 8 18. There are different kinds of flowers in Kunming ________. (全年) 19. I ________________ that cinema twice. I plan to go there again with my friend this weekend. (去过) 20. Friends are important to all of us. Everyone needs a ________ (几个) of close friends. Unit 10 1. Her grandmother ________ (die) for ten years. 2. I was doing homework ______ my mother was cooking in the kitchen. 3. A t________ person means an honest person. 4. The park that you are looking for is directly __________ (在……的对面) the train station. 5. These magazines cost a lot, e________ if they have lots of colour pictures. 6. Sally is used to ________ (check) her homework after finishing it every time. 7. His hometown __________ (change) a lot since 1990. 8. Mr. Miller ________ (marry) since 10 years ago. 9. What a mess you’ve made! You’d better __________ (clear) out what you don’t use. 10. Jessica is an h________ girl and she never tells lies. 11. You can s________ (搜索) the Internet for some useful information. 12. The Great Wall of China has stood for c________ (几个世纪). 13. There are many ________ left in my childhood. (甜蜜的回忆) 14. Our hometown has given us so many ________ (memory). 15. If you take our courses, you are c________ (确定的) to improve your writing. 16. N_________ (现今), it’s common for people to use smartphones to communicate with others. 17. We decide to sell some things that we _______(不再) use in the yard sale. 18. ________(根据) the traffic rules, I learned how to drive last year. 19. My sister likes watching the dances in ________ (印度的) movies. 20. So far, Mr Smith ________ (be) in Hong Kong for three days and will be back in two days. 1 / 14 单词拼写+词汇变形 (答案解析) Unit 1 1.Don’t eat too much, or you’ll have a stomachache. “胃疼”对应的英文表达是“stomachache”。 “Don’t eat too much, or you’ll have a...” 意思是“别吃太多，否则你会……”，吃太多容易导致 胃疼，所以填 “stomachache” 符合语境。 2.I talked to much yesterday and now I have a sore throat. 根据前半句“I talked too much yesterday” （我昨天说得太多了），可以推断出现在嗓子疼。“sore throat” 是固定短语，意为“嗓子 疼”，所以此处填 “throat”。 3.He couldn’t go to work because his leg was broken in a car accident.“because his leg was...”表明 这里要用被动语态，结构是“be + 过去分词”。结合 “in a car accident”（在一场车祸中）， 可知腿是“断了”，“break” 的过去分词是 “broken”，所以填 “broken”。 4.He has a sweet tooth, and that’s why he has got a toothache[ˈtuːθeɪk]. 根据音标 [ˈtuː θeɪk] 可 知对应的单词是 “toothache”，意思是“牙疼”。“He has a sweet tooth”（他喜欢吃甜食）， 这往往会导致牙疼，符合语境。 5.My sister had a bad cold. She coughed all night and couldn’t fall asleep.“My sister had a bad cold.” （我姐姐得了重感冒），得了重感冒通常会咳嗽。“all night” 说明是过去发生的动作，要 用一般过去时，“cough” 的过去式是 “coughed”，所以填 “coughed”。 6.You should lie down (躺下) and have a rest if you are tired. lie down 是固定短语，表示“躺下”， 注意动词原形 lie（躺）的拼写，易与 lay（放置）混淆。 7.Emma hurt her back when she fell off her bike. hurt 意为“受伤”，过去式与原形同形，描述跌倒 造成的伤害。 8.Lying on the bed to read books is bad for our eyes. 动词 lie（躺）的现在分词为 lying，作主语 需用动名词形式，强调动作的持续性。 9.Judy took her temperature and found she had a high fever. high fever 是常见搭配，意为“高烧”， 注意 fever 拼写（非 favour）。 10.Susan has trouble learning English well, so she’s going to ask Mr. White for help. have trouble (in) doing sth. 是固定句型，表示“做某事有困难”。 11.When I’m free or in trouble (陷入) trouble, I take out a book and read quietly. in trouble 为固定 短语，指“陷入困境”，介词 in 不可省略。 12.Be careful when you get off (离开) the bus. get off 专指“下车”，与 get on（上车）对应，交通 2 / 14 工具用 off 而非 out of。 13.I’m sorry to cause you so much trouble (苦恼). trouble 此处指“麻烦/苦恼”，为不可数名词，无 需加 s。 14.When Ann faces difficulties, she always says to herself, “Never give up!” (she) 反身代词 herself 与主语 Ann 对应，表示“对自己说”。 15.In 2003, Aron Ralston bandaged (包扎) his right arm to save his own life. bandage 作动词意为 “包扎”，过去式加 -d，描述急救动作。 16.If you have a nosebleed (鼻出血), putting your head back may help. nosebleed 为复合名词，直接 指“鼻出血”，注意拼写连贯无空格。 17.We should eat healthily, exercise more and control (控制) our weight. control 为动词原形，与前 面 eat、exercise 并列，保持祈使句一致性。 18.We will study the report carefully before making the final decision. decision（决定）是 make 的 常见搭配，根据语境“研究报告后作出最终决定”，需填名词形式。 19.He is a mountain climber. He likes taking risks (risk). take risks 为固定短语，意为“冒险”，risk 此处为可数名词，需用复数形式泛指冒险行为。 20.Julie always feels very sad when she is thinking of her grandpa’s death (die). die 的名词形式为 death，表示“死亡”，描述对祖父去世的悲伤回忆。 Unit 2 1.Ian is unhappy. His mother wants to cheer him up by making his favorite food. cheer up 是固定搭 配，意为“使振作/高兴”，此处用动词原形与“wants to”搭配，表示母亲的目的。 2.When Sam feels down, his best friend always tries to cheer him up. 同上，cheer sb up 强调通过安 慰或鼓励改善情绪，与“feels down”（情绪低落）形成逻辑对应。 3.I used to volunteer at the city park, but now I don’t have much time. used to 表示过去习惯但现已 停止的行为，后接动词原形 volunteer（自愿做），符合语境对比。 4.Jimmy, please help the teacher hand out the homework. hand out 意为“分发”，与“homework”搭配， 是教师布置作业的常用表达。 5.Can you come up with a new way of working out the problem? come up with 表示“想出（办法）”， 与“new way”呼应；work out 此处指“解决（问题）”。 6.The sign says “No parking”. sign（标志）是公共标识的通用词，后接具体内容需用引号标出。 7.As a new comer in our school, Jack feels lonely and wants to make some new friends. lonely（孤独 的）描述情感状态，与“new comer”身份和“交朋友”的愿望形成因果逻辑。 3 / 14 8.I get such a strong feeling of satisfaction when I see the animals get better. satisfaction（满足感） 是抽象名词，与“strong feeling”搭配，强调因动物康复产生的积极情绪。 9.Mr. Green is no longer the owner of the house. He sold it last year. owner（所有者）与“no longer” 和“sold”构成时间线，说明产权变更。 10.People who have several close friends live more happily. several（数个）修饰可数名词“friends”， 与“live happily”构成研究常见的社交幸福结论。 11.Robin came to work in our factory over two months ago. over two（超过两个）替换题干括号中 的 more than two，更简洁自然，表示“两个多月前”。 12.Helen can look after herself when she is alone at home. alone（独自）强调物理状态的单独性， 与“look after herself”（照顾自己）形成合理逻辑。 13.Raise your hand if you know the right answer. Raise（举起）以首字母 R 提示，是课堂或会议 中提问的固定指令。 14.Dale, my bicycle is broken. May I use yours tomorrow morning? 15.broken（坏的）根据音标 ['brəʊkən] 拼写，描述自行车状态，引出借用请求。 16.There’s something wrong with my car. I need to find someone to help me repair it. 17.repair（修理）以 r 开头，与“something wrong”呼应，指车辆故障需维修。 18.The beautiful gift made the little girl excited. excited（兴奋的）是形容词，描述女孩的感受（人 用 -ed 结尾形容词，如 excited；物用 -ing，如 exciting）。 19.We always donate old books and clothes to help poor kids. donate（捐赠）是动词，与“帮助贫困 儿童”构成目的状语，强调慈善行为。 20.He is always imagining we are talking about him behind his back. imagining（想象）用现在分词， 与“always”搭配表示习惯性多疑，暗含负面情绪。 21.Mrs Green became disabled after a car accident and she can’t walk any longer. disabled（残疾的） 以 d 开头，与“can’t walk”形成因果关系，描述事故后果。 22.Find a job that you like because being interested in your work can bring you happiness. interested （感兴趣的）修饰人（being interested），与“happiness”呼应，强调职业兴趣的重要性。 Unit 3 1.Being honest will provide more chances to build good relationships with people around you. provide（提供）以 p 开头，与“chances”搭配，强调诚实为建立人际关系创造机会。 2.—Would you like some milk or tea? —Neither. I’d like a glass of water. Neither（两者都不）用于 否定两个选项，后接“a glass of water”表明另选其他。 4 / 14 3.Sharing chores can help children understand the idea of fairness. fairness（公平）是名词形式，由 形容词 fair 转换而来，指分担家务传递的价值观。 4.As we all know, it’s a bad habit to waste food. waste（浪费）以 w 开头，与“bad habit”形成逻辑 对应，呼应节约粮食的社会共识。 5.When we have much stress in life, we should learn to relax by doing something fun. stress（压力） 以 s 开头，与“relax”构成对比，提出通过娱乐缓解压力的建议。 6.Success doesn’t depend on luck. To be successful, you need to work hard. depend（依赖）以 d 开 头，否定“luck”的作用，强调努力是成功的关键。 7.Try to be independent from your parents so that you will be able to make a living by yourself when growing up. independent（独立的）以 i 开头，与“make a living by yourself”呼应，强调成年 后的自立能力。 8.The Monkey King makes a terrible mess in heaven. mess（混乱）是名词，描述孙悟空大闹天宫 的结果，与“terrible”搭配强化负面效果。 9.Since you are new here, let me show you around our school. Since（既然）引导原因状语从句，为 “带参观”提供合理前提，语气自然。 10.I found my wallet under the sofa when I swept the dirty floor at home. swept（打扫）是 sweep 的 过去式，与“dirty floor”形成动作关联，解释发现钱包的场景。 11.He is our neighbor. His house is next to ours. neighbor（邻居）以 n开头，与"next to ours"构成 空间逻辑关系。 12.Her father is seriously ill in hospital. ill（有病的）是"sick"的同义替换，更符合正式语境，与 "seriously"程度副词搭配。 13.Doing chores can develop children's independence. develop（培养）强调渐进式能力形成，比 "train"更贴切教育语境。 14.We are old enough to look after ourselves, so we shouldn't depend on our parents too much. 补充 介词"on"使语法完整，"look after"（照顾）与年龄独立主题呼应。 15.Mary went to the library yesterday in order to borrow some science fiction. borrow（借阅）是图 书馆典型行为，注意"science fiction"作为不可数名词不加 s。 16.She has little time to practise, so she hasn't passed her driving test yet. passed（通过）完成时态， 与"yet"时间状语构成因果关系。 17.To improve friendship between Russia and China, Putin visited China on May 16th, 2024. 不定式 "To"表目的，比"For"更正式，符合外交新闻语境。 5 / 14 18.His phone doesn't work because he dropped it on the floor yesterday. dropped（掉落）过去式， 解释手机故障的直接原因。 19.People threw rubbish everywhere a few years ago, so the city looked very dirty then. 英式用词 rubbish（垃圾），与美式"trash"可互换，但更符合国际考试偏好。 20.Whether you can make your dream come true depends on how hard you work. 补充"on"构成短 语 depend on（取决于），完整呈现努力与梦想的关联性。 Unit 4 1.Mum spends an hour browsing magazines every day. browsing（浏览）强调随意翻阅，与"spends an hour"构成持续性动作，比"reading"更贴切杂志阅读场景。 2.The boy has bought many copies of the famous singers' records. copies（副本/份）复数形式，表示 购买多份唱片，注意所有格形式"singers'"的撇号位置。 3.Sam was from a very traditional Chinese family, traditional and careful with everything. traditional （传统的）以 t开头，后置同位语重复强调家庭特征，形成递进说明。 4.When did you scan today's newspaper? scan（快速浏览）比"read"更强调粗略查看，适用于询问 是否看过报纸内容。 5.In my opinion, doing chores helps to develop children's independence and teach them how to look after themselves. opinion（意见）完整拼写，引导个人观点陈述，后接并列动词"develop"和 "teach"体现教育意义。 6.You should find a proper way to study for yourself. proper（恰当的）比"suitable"更强调方法本身 的正确性，与"for yourself"形成个性化学习建议。 7.You'd better communicate with your parents after you go home today. communicate（交流）按音 标[kə'mju:nikeit]拼写，使用"had better"委婉建议家庭沟通。 8.It is difficult for us to work out the math problem. work out（算出）固定短语，专指解决数学问 题，比"calculate"更侧重思考过程。 9.Tom is not good at math. He always feels nervous before taking a math test. nervous（紧张的）以 n 开头，描述考试焦虑心理，与学科弱点形成因果关系。 10.At school, I can get along with my classmates. get along with（和睦相处）固定搭配，强调同学 关系的和谐状态，比"communicate"更全面。 11.You can tell others what you think if you have different ideas. But always remember to choose a polite way. polite（礼貌的）强调表达不同意见时的基本礼仪，与"remember"构成行为准则。 12.Firstly, I don't have enough money. Secondly, I don't have enough time. Secondly（第二点）与 6 / 14 "Firstly"形成逻辑递进，注意序数词首字母大写规则。 13.Your answer to the question is wrong. I will tell you the right answer soon. wrong（错误的）直接 点明答案性质，与"right"形成对比，建立纠正语境。 14.Her mother doesn't allow her to watch TV on school nights allow（允许）否定形式"doesn't allow" 体现家规约束，比"let"更正式。 15.If you have too much pressure, you should do something to relax. pressure（压力）比"stress"更强 调外部环境带来的负担，与"relax"构成解决方案。 16.It is not a bad way to explain what water is. explain（解释）对应题干括号要求，动名词形式作 主语补足语，说明教学方法。 17.The two brothers often argue about which TV program to watch. argue（争吵）现在时态表现习 惯性冲突，注意与"quarrel"（更激烈争吵）的程度区别。 18.It's wrong to copy others' homework. You should do your homework by yourself. wrong（错误的） 道德判断词，比"bad"更正式，与"by yourself"形成行为规范。 19.We are too small to compete with a company like that. compete（竞争）不定式结构"too...to..."表 示能力不足，暗含商业规模差距。 20.Wherever you go and whatever you do, I'll be right here waiting for you. whatever（无论什么）与 "wherever"构成并列让步状语从句，强化承诺的无条件性。 Unit 5 1.We can collect rainwater when it rains heavily, and use it to water plants. heavily（大量地）副词修 饰动词 rains，强调雨量充足才能收集，比"hard"更正式。 2.When my parents heard the terrible news, they were completely shocked. completely（完全地）以 c开头，程度副词强化 shocked的状态，体现震惊的彻底性。 3.At first I thought math was easy, but later on I found it hard to learn it well. at first（起初）正式过 渡词，与"later on"形成时间对比，适合学术语境。 4.We sat in silence after hearing the news. Nobody said a word. silence（沉默）名词作介词宾语，与 后句"Nobody said a word"互为解释。 5.My mother was sweeping the floor when I came back home from school. sweeping（打扫）过去进 行时，与 when引导的时间状语构成场景描写。 6.Our physics teacher told us that light travels faster than sound light（光）以 l开头，基本物理常识， 注意不可数名词属性。 7.Jerry lived in France until quite recently. recently（最近）副词修饰 until，强调居住结束的时间 7 / 14 临近现在。 8.Truth is like a light and it finally shines in the dark. Truth（真理）抽象名词拟人化，与 light的比 喻构成哲理表达。 9.The little boy finally fell asleep after he cried for a while. fell asleep（睡着）短语动词，描述情绪 宣泄后的自然结果。 10.After the storm last night, there was rubbish and fallen leaves everywhere. fallen（掉落的）形容 词作定语，专指风暴后自然散落的叶子。 11.Ben was helping his mom make dinner when the rain started to beat against the windows. against （拍打）介词，描述雨点撞击窗户的动态，比"on"更能体现力度感。 12.Please tell us the truth about this event. truth（真相）抽象名词，与"event"构成信息透明要求， 比"facts"更强调诚实性。 13.They are pulling down down the old apartment and are going to build a new one. pulling down（拆 除）现在进行时，专指建筑物拆除，比"breaking"更专业。 14.She was playing basketball when I called her at this time yesterday. was playing（正在打篮球）过 去进行时，与"called"瞬间动作构成时间交叉。 15.Each of the pupils can get a nice gift on Children's Day. pupils（学生）正式用词，强调小学生群 体，与"Children's Day"场景匹配。 16.My sister was reading a book in the study when I arrived home. was reading（正在阅读）过去进 行时，营造回家时的场景画面感。 17.The doctor was cut in on many times while explaining the risks of the treatment. explaining（解释） 现在分词作伴随状语，被动语态体现医生被打断的困境。 18.—When will you begin to play computer games with me? —After I finish doing my homework. begin（开始）回答将来时，与"finish doing"形成作业优先的合理顺序。 19.Yesterday, the news on TV reported that there was a rainstorm in the area. reported（报道）过去 时，遵循新闻转述的时态一致性原则。 20.While I was driving my old car, I was polluting the city. was driving（正在驾驶）过去进行时双 重使用，强调污染行为的持续性。 Unit 6 1.If the temperature is below 0℃, water will turn into ice in the open air. into（变成）表示状态转变， 符合物理变化过程，比"to"更准确体现相变过程。 2.He took off his expensive watch hiding that he was very rich. hiding（隐藏）现在分词作伴随状语， 8 / 14 体现刻意低调的反向炫耀心理。 3.Mary told me the whole story of her trip to the mountain. whole（全部的）强调完整性，比 "complete"更口语化，适合朋友间分享经历。 4.The old man is very unhappy because the little boy is trying to cheat him. cheat（欺骗）现在进行 时表示企图行为，比"trick"更具道德谴责意味。 5.He says he won't come to her birthday party next week unless he is invited. won't come（不会来） 一般将来时否定，is invited（被邀请）被动语态，构成条件关系。 6.Some men care less about their wives' feelings and don't want to share housework with them. wives' （妻子的）复数所有格，反映普遍社会现象，注意不规则复数形式。 7.My parents got married twenty years ago. married（结婚）过去式，时间状语明确，比"were married"更强调动作本身。 8.The little boy always becomes very excited when he listens to the music. excited（兴奋的）描述人 的情绪反应，与"music"形成条件反射关系。 9.Tina saw a photo on the wall and it reminded her of childhood. reminded（使想起）过去时，固定 搭配"remind sb of sth"触发记忆关联。 10.The old photo reminded me of my dog which died in a heavy traffic accident. reminded（使想起） 与第 9题形成词汇复现，通过具体事件强化情感冲击。 11.Teng Fei faced the challenge bravely instead of giving up. instead of（而不是）表示对比选择， 强调勇敢面对而非放弃。 12.I’d like to try this white dress. It might fit me well. fit（适合）指衣服合身，与"try"构成购物时 的合理逻辑。 13.We mustn’t throw any objects from the tall building. It’s very dangerous. objects（物品）泛指任 何物体，比"things"更正式，强调高空抛物的危险性。 14.My sister has a beautiful voice, so she wants to be a singer when she grows up. voice（嗓音）是成 为歌手的关键天赋，与"singer"形成因果关系。 15.Making a to-do list can remind you what you need to do. remind（提醒）与"to-do list"功能匹配， 帮助记忆任务。 16.Pandas are so cute that almost everyone likes them in China. so...that...（如此……以至于……） 结构，表达熊猫可爱与受欢迎的直接关联。 17.As soon as I finish my homework, I will help my mother do housework. As soon as（一…… 就……）强调动作的紧接性，体现时间管理意识。 9 / 14 18.My mom will go shopping for some everyday objects such as soap in a store. objects（物品）指日 常用品，比"things"更准确，与"soap"构成举例关系。 19.Becky is worried about the coming geography test because she’s weak in this subject. weak（弱项） 描述学科短板，与"worried"形成考试焦虑的合理原因。 20.Although you know the meaning of the word, you will forget it unless you use it. will forget（会忘 记）一般将来时，与"unless"构成条件关系，强调语言使用的必要性。 Unit 7 1.Although my grandma is 70 now, she is still in excellent condition. condition（状态/健康状况）指 身体机能，与年龄形成对比，突出健康状态良好。 2.Even though Tom failed his math exam again, he will never give up studying it. Even though（即使） 引导让步状语从句，比"Although"更强调坚持的意外性。 3.Paris, the capital of France is one of the most lively cities around the world. lively（生机勃勃的）最 高级形式，描述城市活力。 4.Nobody was even uglier than Quasimodo, but he had a heart more beautiful than anyone else. uglier （更丑陋的）比较级，与《巴黎圣母院》角色特征吻合，形成外貌与心灵的对比。 5.John is one of themembers of the school soccer team. members（成员）复数形式，符合"one of" 结构要求，体现团队归属感。 6.For me, running for 10 miles is quite a great achievement. achievement（成就）名词化，强调个人 挑战的成功，比"success"更具体。 7.It will become hard to breathe air as you get near the top of Qomolangma. breathe（吸入）动词原 形，描述高原缺氧现象，专指珠峰攀登的生理挑战。 8.Mike is much crazier about football than Tom. crazier（更狂热的）比较级，体现兴趣程度差异， 比"more interested"更生动。 9.Jinsha Paradise Walk is one of the largest shopping centers in our city. largest（最大的）最高级， 符合购物中心规模排名，需加定冠词"the"。 10.Jack likes science, so he thinks the AI Club is much more enjoyable than the Chess Club. more enjoyable（更有趣的）比较级，反映学科偏好对社团体验的影响。 11.Mark gets weak after taking the medicine. Now he can’t even eat anything. weak（虚弱）描述服 药后副作用，与"can't eat"构成因果关系，体现药物不良反应。 12.There are more and more tourists coming to our small town. tourists（游客）复数形式，与"more and more"搭配，反映旅游业发展态势。 10 / 14 13.I like everything related to music, including the story about the music! including（包括）现在分 词作补充说明，强调对音乐相关事物的全面兴趣。 14.It is necessary for us to protect our home—the earth. protect（保护）动词原形，与"the earth"构 成动宾关系，突出环保紧迫性。 15.Keep trying and keep working to your dream, you will succeed one day. succeed（成功）将来时， 与持续努力构成条件关系，传递励志信念。 16.Mary has lost a lot of weight and she’s three kilos lighter than before. lighter（更轻的）比较级， 量化体重变化，与"lost weight"形成数据印证。 17.I thought about some things and stayed awake all night. awake（清醒的）形容词作表语，与"all night"搭配，描述失眠状态。 18.This hall is about 10,000 square kilometers in size. square（平方）面积单位，需注意数字与单 位间无连字符（非"10,000-square"）。 19.Children must be accompanied by an adult when they go swimming. adult（成年人）单数形式， 与"children"形成监护关系，强调安全规范。 20.Though there’s dry weather and little water, China succeeded in changing parts of desert into a place with grass in Xinjiang. desert（沙漠）名词，体现新疆治沙工程成果，与"grass"形成生 态对比。 Unit 8 1.Mr Smith successfully arrived in the UK though he met a lot of difficulties. successfully（成功地） 副词修饰动词 arrived，强调克服困难后的结果（注意：success的副词形式需去 e加-ly） 2.How many students have signed up for the competition? sign up（报名）完成时态，与"competition" 搭配需加介词 for，体现正式报名流程 3.In the southern part of China, eating qingtuan at the beginning of spring is a kind of tradition. southern（南方的）首字母 s，对应江南地区清明食青团的习俗（注意：地理方位词需加-ern 后缀） 4.He has realized the importance of learning English well after that. realized（意识到）现在完成时， 强调经历某事后的认知变化（美式拼写，英式可为 realised） 5.— The classroom is so clean. —We have just swept the floor and put some things away. swept（打 扫）过去分词，与"put away"构成清洁工作的两个步骤（不规则动词 sweep-swept-swept） 6.My favourite kind of books is science fiction. science fiction（科幻小说）不可数名词，注意 genre 类型表述不加冠词（缩写为 sci-fi） 11 / 14 7.The panda is our national treasure. treasure（珍宝）体现熊猫作为国宝的文化价值，比"symbol" 更强调珍稀性 8.The takeoff of Shenzhou-18 was a great success and a big step forward in China’s space program. success（成功）名词，与"step forward"形成航天里程碑的双重肯定（注意：succeed动词 →success名词） 9.The waste water from the factory has polluted the rivers nearby recently. has polluted（污染）现在 完成时，"recently"时间状语要求此时态（强调近期持续影响） 10.Mr. Lee is so funny and his lessons are always full of laughter. laughter（笑声）不可数名词，比 "laughs"更强调课堂的整体欢乐氛围 11.Mary’s name is on the book, so it must belong to her. belong（属于）动词，与"name on the book" 构成所有权逻辑，固定搭配"belong to sb"。 12.I will remember my English teacher forever. forever（永远）强调记忆的持久性，比"for long" 更强烈，适合师生情感表达。 13.Have scientists discovered life on Mars? discovered（发现）完成时疑问句，音标[dɪ'skʌvə]对应 动词原形 discover，探索火星生命的科学语境。 14.While she was studying abroad, she heard a song full of feelings. abroad（在国外）副词，与 "studying"搭配表示留学经历，比"overseas"更常用。 15.Although the ship sank to the bottom of the sea, people were rescued at once. ship（船只）以 s开 头，与"sank"（沉没）构成海事事件，被动语态"were rescued"突出救援效率。 16.My father always keeps a set of tools in the back of his car. tools（工具）复数形式，体现车载应 急设备的实用性，注意"a set of"的量化表达。 17.The young man hurried to work because his clock didn’t go off. hurried（匆忙）过去时，与闹钟 故障（didn’t go off）构成因果关系，注意所有格"his"。 18.So far, we have collected 3,000 dollars for the homeless children through voluntary work. have collected（收集）现在完成时，"so far"时间状语要求此时态，强调募捐持续成果。 19.Children all love this book because every story in it is full of fun. full（充满的）固定搭配"be full of"，描述书籍趣味性，比"filled"更强调内在特质。 20.In this part of the city, you can see ancient and modern buildings next to each other. modern（现代 的）与 ancient形成时空对比，体现城市建筑的历史交融（注意：非"middle-aged"）。 Unit 9 1.My grandmother likes living somewhere peaceful. She doesn’t like noisy places. peaceful（宁静的） 12 / 14 形容词作后置定语，与"noisy"形成鲜明对比，体现老年人对居住环境的偏好。 2.He has ridden six winners so far this year in the horse racing. has ridden（已骑乘）现在完成时， "so far this year"时间状语要求此时态，强调赛马成绩的累计性。 3.The location of People’s Square is in the center of Shanghai. location（位置）名词作主语，准确描 述上海人民广场的地理特征，注意专有名词大写。 4.It was an unbelievable moment when we won the first prize in the competition. unbelievable（难以 置信的）形容词，强化获奖时刻的惊喜感，注意冠词用"an"而非"a"。 5.Li Hao, you have made great progress in English this term. progress（进步）不可数名词，与"this term"构成学期评价，常用教育场景表达。 6.Elephants mostly live on the land of Africa and in the forests of Asia. mostly（主要地）副词修饰分 布范围，科学描述大象栖息地的两大区域（注意：非"most"）。 7.What do you think is the most important invention in the 21st century? invention（发明）可数名词 单数，与序数词"21st"呼应，引发对现代科技影响的思考。 8.Thousands of visitors went to Nanjing to buy the handmade coffee. Thousands（千）复数形式量化 游客规模，体现手工咖啡的文化吸引力（注意：非"thousand of"）。 9.I left my mobile phone somewhere in the room. But I can’t find it. somewhere（某处）不定副词， 表达不确定位置，与"can’t find"构成常见生活场景。 10.My English teacher always encourages me and cheers me up when I feel upset. encourages（鼓励） 与"cheers up"形成情感支持组合，展现教师的双重激励方式。 11.He has simply said right or wrong but without telling the reasons. simply（仅仅）副词修饰动词 said，强调仅给出判断而未解释（注意：非"shortly"） 12.Project Hope is a social group that helps poor children with their education. social（社会的）形容 词修饰 group，准确描述希望工程的性质（注意：非"society"名词形式） 13.I don’t like winter, but I like spring, because it’s my favorite season. spring（春季）与 winter形成 季节对比，符合"favorite season"的积极情感指向 14.It is perfect to do experiments on the moon. perfect（完美的）最高级评价，强调月球实验环境 的理想性（注意：非"perfected"） 15.I have recently been to a very unusual /ˈʌnju: ʒʊəl/ museum in India. unusual（不寻常的）按音标 拼写，描述博物馆的独特性（注意：重音在第二个音节） 16.Bring your cameras here tomorrow, boys and girls cameras（相机）复数形式，面向群体指令需 用复数（注意：非单数"camera"） 13 / 14 17.They have gone to the amusement park in our city. Because they want to experience roller coaster. amusement（娱乐的）固定搭配"amusement park"，专指游乐园场景 18.There are different kinds of flowers in Kunming all year round. all year round（全年）副词短语， 突显昆明"春城"的花卉特征（注意：非"whole year"） 19.I have been to that cinema twice. I plan to go there again with my friend this weekend. have been to（去过）现在完成时，与"twice"量化经历（注意：非"have gone to"） 20.Friends are important to all of us. Everyone needs a few of close friends. few（几个）限定可数名 词 friends，强调"少量但亲密"的社交需求（注意：非"some"） Unit 10 1.Her grandmother has been dead for ten years. has been dead（已去世）现在完成时表示持续状态， 不可用"die"的动词形式（die是瞬间动词） 2.I was doing homework while my mother was cooking in the kitchen. while（当...时）强调两个同时 进行的动作，比"when"更突出时间重叠性 3.A truthful person means an honest person. truthful（诚实的）以 t开头，与 honest同义替换，强 调言行一致的品质 4.The park that you are looking for is directly opposite the train station. opposite（在...对面）介词精 准描述方位关系，比"across from"更正式 5.These magazines cost a lot, especially if they have lots of colour pictures. especially（尤其）副词强 调特定条件，解释高价格的合理性 6.Sally is used to checking her homework after finishing it every time. checking（检查）动名词，固 定搭配"be used to doing"表示习惯性动作 7.His hometown has changed a lot since 1990. has changed（已改变）现在完成时，"since+时间点" 的典型用法 8.Mr. Miller has been married since 10 years ago. has been married（已婚状态）现在完成时，需用 延续性状态而非瞬间动作"marry" 9.What a mess you’ve made! You’d better clear out what you don’t use. clear out（清理）动词短语， 比单纯"clean"更强调整理无用物品 10.Jessica is an honest girl and she never tells lies. honest（诚实的）以 h开头，注意首字母 h不发 音需用"an"修饰 11.You can search the Internet for some useful information. search（搜索）动词原形，固定搭配 "search the Internet"表示网络检索（注意：非"seek"） 14 / 14 12.The Great Wall of China has stood for centuries. centuries（几个世纪）复数形式，与现在完成 时搭配突显长城的历史延续性（注意：非"hundreds of years"） 13.There are many sweet memories left in my childhood. sweet memories（甜蜜的回忆）名词短语 作主语，用复数形式概括童年美好片段（注意：非"memory"单数） 14.Our hometown has given us so many memories. memories（记忆）复数名词，与"hometown"构 成情感联结（注意：与 13题单复数用法对比） 15.If you take our courses, you are certain to improve your writing. certain（确定的）形容词作表语， 比"sure"更正式，强调课程效果的确定性 16.Nowadays, it’s common for people to use smartphones to communicate with others. Nowadays（现 今）时间状语，首字母需大写，描述当代社会现象（注意：非"These days"） 17.We decide to sell some things that we no longer use in the yard sale. no longer（不再）否定短语， 准确表达物品的闲置状态（注意：非"not...any more"分离形式） 18.According to the traffic rules, I learned how to drive last year. According to（根据）介词短语作 依据，强调驾驶学习的规范性（注意：首字母大写） 19.My sister likes watching the dances in Indian movies. Indian（印度的）形容词形式，专指宝莱 坞电影特色（注意：非"India’s"所有格） 20.So far, Mr Smith has been in Hong Kong for three days and will be back in two days. has been（持 续停留）现在完成时，"so far"要求此时态，与将来时"will be back"形成时间轴