内容正文:
沪教版(2024)七年级下册英语Unit 6 Electricity everywhere
语法精讲精练(含解析)
情态动词
1. can的用法
- 表示能力,意为“能;会” 。
- 表示许可,常用于口语,相当于may 。
- 表示推测,常用于否定句和疑问句,意为“可能” ,can't意为“不可能” 。
- could是can的过去式,表示过去的能力,意为“能;会” 。
- 在表示请求、许可时,can和could有时态区别,could语气更委婉客气 。
We can use electricity to do many things.
— Can you think of an example?
—Yes, I can. / No, I cannot / can't.
2. may的用法
- 表示请求、许可 。
- 表示推测,谈论可能性,意为“可能;或许” ,一般用于肯定句 。
- might是may的过去式,在表示推测时两者无时态区别,might可能性低于may 。
You may / can turn on the TV.
You may not / cannot play in the kitchen.
—May / Can I use your mobile phone?
—Yes, you may / can. / No, you may not / can't.
3. must的用法
- 意为“必须;一定” 。
- 否定形式mustn't意为“一定不要;禁止;不许” 。
- 对must引导的一般疑问句,肯定回答用must,否定回答用needn't或don't have to 。
- 可表示很有把握的推测,意为“一定会;肯定会” ,一般用于肯定句 。
We must always be careful with electricity.
We mustn't touch electrical appliances with wet hands.
—Must I come over now?
—Yes, you must. / No, you needn't. (needn't = you don't have to)
语法专项练习题
一、单项选择题
1. You ______ turn off the lights when you leave the classroom. It’s our duty to save electricity.
A. can B. may C. must D. need
2. —______ I use your computer? Mine doesn’t work.
—Sure. But you ______ keep it clean.
A. May; must B. Must; can C. Can; may D. Need; must
3. We ______ touch the electrical appliances with wet hands. It’s very dangerous.
A. can B. must C. mustn’t D. needn’t
4. Electricity is very useful, ______ we should use it carefully.
A. so B. but C. or D. and
5. It’s important for us ______ how to use electricity safely.
A. know B. knowing C. to know D. knew
6. Remember ______ the power when you don’t use the electrical equipment.
A. turn off B. to turn off C. turning off D. turned off
7. —______ does electricity come into our homes?
—Through wires.
A. Where B. How C. What D. Which
8. The fridge makes ______ possible for us to keep food fresh.
A. it B. this C. that D. one
9. We can use electricity ______ many things, like cooking and lighting.
A. do B. to do C. doing D. done
10. Although we can’t see electricity, ______ it’s very powerful.
A. but B. and C. / D. so
11. The workers are ______ the new machine to the power supply.
A. connect B. connects C. connecting D. connected
12. —Can you tell me ______ about electricity?
—Sure. It’s a form of energy.
A. anything B. something C. nothing D. everything
13. We should avoid ______ electricity because it’s precious.
A. waste B. to waste C. wasting D. wasted
14. ______ important it is to follow the safety rules of using electricity!
A. What B. What a C. How D. How a
15. The light bulbs give light to the room. The underlined part “give light to” can be replaced by ______.
A. light up B. turn on C. put on D. take on
二、语法填空题
1. You ______ (must) play football on the street. It’s too dangerous.
2. ______ (May) I borrow your dictionary? I left mine at home.
3. It’s necessary for us ______ (learn) how to protect ourselves from electricity.
4. Remember ______ (close) the window when you go out. It’s going to rain.
5. We can use electricity ______ (run) machines in factories.
6. The TV makes ______ possible for us ______ (watch) interesting programs at home.
7. ______ (Although) you can’t see air, ______ it exists everywhere.
8. We should avoid ______ (make) noise in the library.
9. The workers are busy ______ (connect) the wires to the power station.
10. How ______ (do) electricity get into our flats?
11. ______ (save) electricity is our responsibility.
12. It’s ______ (importance) to check the electrical equipment regularly.
13. You ______ (need) to buy a new book. You can borrow one from the library.
14. ______ (What) useful information it is about electricity!
15. We use electricity ______ (heat) water in our daily life.
三、句型转换题
1. You must finish your homework on time.(改为否定句)
You ______ ______ your homework on time.
2. We can use electricity to cook food.(对划线部分提问)
______ ______ we use electricity ______ ______?
3. It’s important to learn English well.(改为感叹句)
______ ______ it is to learn English well!
4. Although he is young, he knows a lot.(改为同义句)
He is young, ______ he knows a lot.
5. The computer makes it possible for us to work from home.(改为同义句)
The computer ______ ______ ______ ______ work from home.
6. You should turn off the lights when you leave.(改为祈使句)
______ ______ the lights when you leave.
7. We use electricity to light our homes.(改为被动语态)
Electricity ______ ______ ______ light our homes.
8. It’s dangerous to touch the electrical wires.(改为同义句)
______ ______ ______ ______ touch the electrical wires.
9. We can’t see electricity, but it’s very useful.(用 although 改写句子)
______ we can’t see electricity, it’s very useful.
10. They are connecting the new device to the power.(用 can 改写句子)
They ______ ______ the new device to the power.
11. You must wear a helmet when riding a bike.(改为一般疑问句)
______ I ______ a helmet when riding a bike?
12. To save water is necessary.(用 it 作形式主语改写句子)
______ ______ necessary ______ ______ water.
13. We should avoid wasting food.(改为同义句)
We should avoid ______ ______ food.
14. The lamp gives light to the whole room.(对划线部分提问)
______ ______ the lamp ______ to the whole room?
15. It’s a useful book.(改为感叹句)
______ ______ ______ book it is!
答案及解析
一、单项选择题
1.答案:C
解析:根据 “It’s our duty to save electricity.” 可知,离开教室 “必须” 关灯,must 表示 “必须”,符合语境。can“能,可以”;may “可以”;need “需要”,均不符合。
2.答案:A
解析:第一空 “May I...?” 用于请求许可,意为 “我可以…… 吗?”;第二空 must 表示 “必须”,强调对方必须保持电脑干净,符合语境。
3.答案:C
解析:接触带电设备很危险,所以 “禁止” 用湿手触摸,mustn’t 表示 “禁止”。can “能”;must “必须”;needn’t “不必”,均不符合。
4.答案:A
解析:电很有用,“所以” 我们应该小心使用,so 表示因果关系,符合逻辑。but “但是”;or “或者”;and “和”,均不符合。
5.答案:C
解析:It’s + adj. + for sb. + to do sth. 是固定句型,意为 “对某人来说做某事是…… 的”,所以用 to know。
6.答案:B
解析:remember to do sth. 表示 “记得去做某事(事情还未做)”,此处指离开时记得去关电源,所以用 to turn off。
7.答案:B
解析:根据答语 “Through wires.” 可知,询问电进入我们家的方式,用 How 提问。Where 提问地点;What 提问事物;Which 提问哪一个,均不符合。
8.答案:A
解析:make it possible for sb. to do sth. 中 it 作形式宾语,真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式短语,所以用 it。
9.答案:B
解析:use... to do sth. 表示 “用…… 做某事”,是固定搭配,所以用 to do。
10.答案:C
解析:although 与 but 不能同时使用,所以此处不填。
11.答案:C
解析:句子时态为现在进行时,结构为 be + doing,所以用 connecting。
12.答案:B
解析:在希望得到对方肯定回答的疑问句中,用 something 表示 “某事”。
13.答案:C
解析:avoid doing sth. 表示 “避免做某事”,是固定搭配,所以用 wasting。
14.答案:C
解析:感叹句结构为 “How + adj. + 主语 + 谓语!”,此处强调 important,所以用 How。
15.答案:A
解析:“give light to” 意为 “照亮”,与 “light up” 意思相近。turn on “打开”;put on “穿上”;take on “呈现”,均不符合。
二、语法填空题
1.答案:mustn’t
解析:在街道上踢足球危险,所以是 “禁止”,用 mustn’t。
2.答案:May
解析:“May I...?” 用于请求许可,此处表示 “我可以借你的字典吗”。
3.答案:to learn
解析:It’s + adj. + for sb. + to do sth. 固定句型,用 to learn。
4.答案:to close
解析:remember to do sth. 表示记得去做某事,此处指出去时记得关窗,用 to close。
5.答案:to run
解析:use... to do sth. 固定搭配,用 to run。
6.答案:it; to watch
解析:make it possible for sb. to do sth. 结构,it 作形式宾语,真正宾语是 to watch。
7.答案:/; /
解析:although 不与 but 连用,此处不填。
8.答案:making
解析:avoid doing sth. 固定搭配,用 making。
9.答案:connecting
解析:be busy doing sth. 表示忙于做某事,用 connecting。
10.答案:does
解析:主语 electricity 是不可数名词,一般现在时的特殊疑问句中,借助助动词 does。
11.答案:Saving
解析:动名词作主语,所以用 Saving。
12.答案:important
解析:it’s + 形容词 + to do sth. ,importance 的形容词形式是 important。
13.答案:needn’t
解析:可以从图书馆借书,所以没必要买新书,用 needn’t。
14.答案:What
解析:感叹句结构 “What + 形容词 + 不可数名词 + 主语 + 谓语!”,information 是不可数名词,用 What。
15.答案:to heat
解析:use... to do sth. 固定搭配,用 to heat。
三、句型转换题
1.答案:mustn’t finish
解析:must 的否定式是 mustn’t,后接动词原形。
2.答案:What can; to do
解析:对做的事情提问用 What,原句 use... to do sth. 结构保留。
3.答案:How important
解析:How + 形容词 + 主语 + 谓语!构成感叹句,此处强调 important。
4.答案:but
解析:although 与 but 可互换,但不能同时使用,此处用 but。
5.答案:makes it possible to
解析:make it possible for sb. to do sth. 可简化为 make it possible to do sth. 。
6.答案:Turn off
解析:将陈述句改为祈使句,动词原形开头。
7.答案:is used to
解析:一般现在时的被动语态结构为 be + 过去分词,原句 use... to do sth. 结构保留。
8.答案:Touching the electrical wires is dangerous
解析:将 it 作形式主语的句子改为动名词作主语的句子。
9.答案:Although
解析:用 although 改写,注意 although 不与 but 连用。
10.答案:can connect
解析:情态动词 can 后接动词原形。
11.答案:Must; wear
解析:将 must 提前构成一般疑问句,后接动词原形。
12.答案:It is; to save
解析:It’s + adj. + to do sth. 结构,it 作形式主语。
13.答案:not saving
解析:avoid doing sth. 的否定形式是 avoid not doing sth. 。
14.答案:What does; give
解析:对做的事情提问用 What,原句是一般现在时,主语 the lamp 是第三人称单数,借助助动词 does,后接动词原形。
15.答案:What a useful
解析:What + a/an + 形容词 + 可数名词单数 + 主语 + 谓语!构成感叹句,useful 是辅音音素开头,用 a。
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