精品解析：2025年辽宁省本溪市中考一模英语试题

本溪市2025年初中学业水平考试第一次模拟考试 英语试卷 （本试卷共45道题 满分90分 考试时间90分钟） 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 第一部分 选择题（共50分） 一、阅读理解（每题2分，共40分） 第一节 阅读下面语言材料，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A People often set many alarms to wake themselves up in time. However, this can be unhealthy as it reduces the quality of sleep, said Brandon Peters, a doctor from Virginia Mason Franciscan Health in Seattle, US. A good sleep has four stages. During the first stage, we enter a light sleep. Our body relaxes, and our heart beats more slowly. As we fall deeper into sleep, stage two starts. Our eyes stop moving, and our body temperature becomes lower. Then comes the third stage. It is the deepest sleep and also the hardest to wake up from. Last is the fourth stage. Scientists call it rapid eye movement sleep, or REM sleep. Our eyes move quickly from side to side, both our breathing and our heartbeat pick up. REM sleep is important because most of our dreams take place during it. This helps us deal with our emotions (情绪) and remember the new things that we learn during the day. REM sleep mostly take place in the last hours of a night’s sleep. So disrupting (扰乱) it with alarms ringing one after another is a bad idea. People should set one alarm only. They can also try alarms that use light, not sound, Alicia Roth at the US Cleveland Clinic told CNN. 1. It’s the hardest for us to wake up during the ________ stage of sleep. A. first B. second C. third D. last 2. The writer mentioned our ________ when explaining “a light sleep”. A. heartbeat B. breathing C. eyes D. temperature 3. What can we learn from the passage? A. It’s a bad idea to try alarms that use light. B. Our body relaxes when we enter REM sleep. C. Sometimes we deal with our emotions in our dreams. D. Most of our dreams take place in the last hour of a night’s sleep. 4. The best title (题目) for the passage is “________”. A. How to have sweet dreams? B. Early to bed, early to rise C. Do we really need alarms? D. Sleep right, wake right B A boy was at a market with his sister. The sister was standing in front of a toy shop. She was looking at something inside the shop’s window. The boy asked, “What are you looking at?” The sister pointed at a doll. The boy wanted to buy it for his sister so he asked the shopkeeper, “How much is this doll, sir?” The shopkeeper looked at the boy and said, “Well, what can you pay?” The boy took out all the seashells (海贝壳) that he collected from the beach and gave them to the shopkeeper. The shopkeeper took the shells and started counting as if he was counting money. There were ten shells in total. Then he turned to the boy. The boy asked him, “Is it enough?” The shopkeeper said, “Of course. In fact, it’s more than enough.” He kept four of the seashells and gave back the rest. The boy left with his sister and her new doll happily. The worker in the shop was surprised. He asked the shopkeeper, “Why did you do that? That doll is eight dollars, but you only took four shells from that boy.” The shopkeeper replied, “To us, these are just seashells. But to that boy, they’re very precious. When he grows up, he’ll remember that he once bought a doll for his sister with seashells. It might tell him that the world has generous (慷慨的) and kind people. And perhaps,...” 5. The doll was ________. A. $10 B. $8 C. $6 D. $4 6. The underlined word “precious” in the last paragraph means “________”. A. beautiful B. special C. valuable D. lovely 7. What was the shopkeeper going to say next? A. He will be a truly honest person. B. He will feel very bad about doing so. C. He will come back and pay for the doll. D. He will be generous and kind to others too. 8. What kind of writing is the passage? A. A story. B. A report. C. A speech. D. A notice. C FORUM (论坛) My favorite book All My page Shao Qinglan l hour ago I’ve just finished the book Moments We Shared by Zhang Jiajia. It’s a book that shows there is more to life than just studying. The main character Liu Shisan’s story tells us that when life is hard our loved ones are there to help us. We should cherish (珍惜) them. The book is special because it shows us how important it is to love and care for our family and friends. It also helps us to discover what life really means. Wang Wei 2 hours ago This summer I read a book called The Art of Racing in the Rain by US writer Garth Stein. It’s a book about love and life. It tells a touching story through the the eyes of a dog named Enzo, which is similar to the movie A Dog’s Purpose. The book shows the heartwarming relationship between Enzo and his owner Denny, a car racer. As I read, I found that “the art of racing in the rain” is a metaphor (比喻). When it “rains” in life, problems may come. What can we do? Danny taught us that we should be brave to face them instead of running away. Zhong Zihan 3 hours ago How can we be our true selves? I think Demian, a novel by German writer Herman Hesse, can help us find the answer. The novel is about a boy named Sinclair and his journey through life. It talks about how we can grow by learning more about ourselves and problems like understanding that the world is not just good or bad. It also helps us learn how to deal with the difficulties of life and find out who we truly are. 9. ________ is from Germany. A. Garth Stein B. Enzo C. Denny D. Herman Hesse 10. The writers all wrote about ________ in their books. A. love in return B. finding out who we truly are C life and difficulties D. learning about the world 11. ________ tells us we should treasure relationships with family and friends. A. Moments We Shared B. The Art of Racing in the Rain C. A Dog’s Purpose D. Demian 12. The three posts are about the students’ favourite ________. A. writers B. books C. directors D. movies D ①You’ve already noticed that some people are right-handed while others are left-handed. But did you know that elephants are left-or right-trunked? People can tell this by looking at the wrinkles (皱纹) on their trunks (the long nose of an elephant), a study in Science found. ②Elephants can use their trunks to do many things like picking up food, spraying water or sand across their backs to cool off, and sending warnings to other elephants. The muscles (肌肉) and wrinkles of the trunks help them do these things. Wrinkles make the trunk move flexibly (灵活地). ③Scientists found that elephants like to bend (弯曲) their trunks to one side to put food in their mouths. Over time, this side of their trunks gets more wrinkles than the other. This is what makes them either left-or right-trunked. ④The chances of elephants being left-trunked or right-trunked are about 50:50. This is very different from people. For us the chances of being left-handed or right-handed are about 10:90, according to CBS News. And for other animals such as kangaroos, the chances are about 95:5. This is interesting, isn’t it? ⑤More interestingly, Asian elephants have more wrinkles on the top of their trunks than African elephants. African elephants have two finger-like structures (结构) at the end of their trunks to hold things, but Asian elephants have only one. So, Asian elephants wrap their trunks around things to hold them more often than African elephants do. This leads to more wrinkles. 13. ________ make (s) the trunk flexible. A. The top of the mouth B. Muscles C. Wrinkles D. The finger-like structure 14. About ________ out of every 50 elephants are left-trunked. A. 5 B. 25 C. 45 D. 48 15. Paragraph 3 mainly talks about ________. A. the muscles and wrinkles of the trunks help elephants a lot B. elephants like to bend their trunks to one side to put food in their mouths C. the difference between Asian elephants and African elephants D. the reason why wrinkles can tell us if an elephant is left-or right-trunked 16. The purpose of the passage is to tell us ________. A. more about elephants B. to care for elephants C. left-and right-trunked elephants are different D. about Asian elephants and African elephants 第二节 阅读短文，从方框内所给选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有一个多余的选项。 Being a class leader is a hard job and the lack (缺少) of your classmates’ trust and support makes it harder. ____17____ You can make it either by having good grades or having a special skill, you must have something that is worth being admired by your classmates. The next is to win the support of your classmates. This is the key to the problem. And once you have the support of your classmates, you can fulfill your responsibility successfully. Here’s some advice on how to win your classmates’ support. ·____18____ You need to have a big heart to be a good class leader. Even if you don’t like some of your classmates, you should still treat them like everyone else. ·Be a good communicator. A good communicator treats others with respect. Put yourself in your classmates’ shoes and make them feel that you are on their side. ____19____ ·Make friends with everyone. It’s important to get along well with your classmates. Talk with everyone and try to be good friends with them. Remember to show that you are capable (有能力的) and friendly. ·____20____ Treat everyone with kindness and warmth. For group activities, try to take on more responsibility. And be ready to help anyone in need. A. Be fair to everyone. B. Be kind and helpful. C. Listen to their ideas before making decisions. D. You must help keep the class in order and organize activities. E. Being a good role model can build up your classmates’ trust in you. 二、完形填空（每题1分，共10分） 阅读短文，理解其大意，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 The whole school was talking about the coming trip at a winter camp. And everyone was ____21____, except me. “I’ll hate it,” I told my parents. “I’ll get homesick (想家的). I’ll look silly at winter sports, and everyone will ____22____ me.” “You might be surprised, Bree,” said my mom. “The only way to find out is to ____23____.” “It’s what growing up is all about,” my dad added. When arriving at the camp, we were asked to share one ____24____. “I’m afraid I’ll be homesick,” someone said. I wasn’t the only one? I ____25____ to relax. After lunch, we were asked to ski down to the field. I skied carefully, but I still hit a piece of ice and fell down. “Ha! Ha!” Behind me, somebody started laughing. I looked back to see who was making fun of me. To my ____26____, I saw a girl in the same embarrassing situation I was in. “I thought I’d be bad at this, but I’m ____27____ than I expected! I could hardly keep my balance!” she said. ____28____, I started laughing, too. After being so afraid of ____29____, it was a comfort not to fear it anymore. Maybe the kind of ____30____ my mom and dad were talking about had more to do with my outlook (态度) than my look. We all worry about fitting in and failing when we try new things. Don’t think too much. Just go for it! 21. A. excited B. proud C. angry D. nervous 22. A. depend on B. look after C. shout to D. laugh at 23. A. ask B. try C. consider D. research 24. A. wish B. joy C. fear D. joke 25. A. failed B. managed C. began D. continued 26. A. satisfaction B. shame C. regret D. surprise 27. A. abler B. cooler C. worse D. crazier 28. A. Actually B. Honestly C. Luckily D. Suddenly 29. A. arguing B. falling C. losing D. suffering 30. A. growing up B. finding out C. cheering up D. helping out 第二部分 非选择题（共40分） 三、语篇填空（每题1分，共10分） 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 Franz Kafka (1883-1924), a famous writer, never married and had no children. Once, at the age of 40, when he ____31____ (walk) through a park in Berlin, Germany, he saw a young girl crying. She couldn’t find her favorite doll. He helped her looked ____32____ the doll, but they couldn’t find it. Kafka told her to meet him there the next day and they would look again. The next day, when they still couldn’t find the doll, Kafka gave the girl a letter “written” by the doll that said, “I have gone on ____33____ trip to see the world. Please do not feel sad. ____34____ (share) about my adventures (冒险经历), I’m going to write to you.” Then, a story that lasted ____35____ Kafka’s life came to an end began. When they met, Kafka would read the ____36____ (letter) of adventures that the girl found exciting. She thought her doll’s adventures were ____37____ (wonder) ones she had ever heard. Finally, Kafka read her a letter in which the doll said it finally came back to Berlin. Then, he gave her a doll that ____38____ (buy) in a store. “This does not look like ____39____ (I) at all,” she said. Then Kafka handed her a letter that said, “I have changed ____40____ (great) because of my trips.” The girl hugged the new doll and took it home. A year later, Kafka died. Many years later, the girl found a letter inside the doll. The letter, signed by Kafka, said, “Everything you love is very likely to be lost, but in the end, love will return in a different way.” 四、阅读与表达（41～43题，每题2分；44题4分，共10分） 阅读短文，然后根据内容回答问题。 Did you know that a lot of pollution in the world comes from inside your home—bricks (砖块)? What if nature could help us make bricks in a cleaner way? In fact, scientists are working on making bricks out of mushrooms right now. For example, Professor Han Wosten and his team at Utrecht University in the Netherlands are creating mushroom bricks. They mix mushrooms with straw (稻草) and the mushrooms grow on the straw for about two weeks. Then they can be made into different materials. “If we press it, we can get something like hardboard,” Wosten said. Making mushroom bricks creates much less CO2 than materials like cement (水泥). They are also biodegradable (可生物降解的), so we don’t have to worry about them polluting the land when they are thrown away. Mushroom materials can also fix themselves. If the floor in your house is broken, you can re-grow mushrooms to fix it. There is still a lot of research to do, though. “It’s very early to say your house will be all made of mushrooms,” said researcher Phil Ayres. Still, progress is being made, and the future of mushroom materials looks bright. 41. What is hardboard made of? ______________________ 42. Why don’t mushroom bricks pollute the land when they are thrown away? ______________________ 43. How can we fix a wall made of mushroom bricks? ______________________ 44. As a teenager, what do you think you can do to help improve the environment? (Write 30 words or more.) ______________________ 五、书面表达（满分20分） 45. 你在英国的笔友迈克最近正在学习汉语，他感觉很吃力，于是向你咨询有关学习汉语的方法，请你给他回微信，介绍学习汉语的方法。具体内容包括： 1．从发音、口语表达、听力、语法、阅读、写作几个方面至少选择三项来进行介绍； 2．对迈克加以鼓励。 注意： 1．内容完整，语意连贯，层次清晰，书写规范。 2．文中不得出现真实的姓名和校名。 3．词数80～100，微信开头已给出，不记入总词数。 Mike, Chinese is difficult for beginners. Here are some good ways to learn Chinese. I hope they are useful to you. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 本溪市2025年初中学业水平考试第一次模拟考试 英语试卷 （本试卷共45道题 满分90分 考试时间90分钟） 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 第一部分 选择题（共50分） 一、阅读理解（每题2分，共40分） 第一节 阅读下面语言材料，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A People often set many alarms to wake themselves up in time. However, this can be unhealthy as it reduces the quality of sleep, said Brandon Peters, a doctor from Virginia Mason Franciscan Health in Seattle, US. A good sleep has four stages. During the first stage, we enter a light sleep. Our body relaxes, and our heart beats more slowly. As we fall deeper into sleep, stage two starts. Our eyes stop moving, and our body temperature becomes lower. Then comes the third stage. It is the deepest sleep and also the hardest to wake up from. Last is the fourth stage. Scientists call it rapid eye movement sleep, or REM sleep. Our eyes move quickly from side to side, both our breathing and our heartbeat pick up. REM sleep is important because most of our dreams take place during it. This helps us deal with our emotions (情绪) and remember the new things that we learn during the day. REM sleep mostly take place in the last hours of a night’s sleep. So, disrupting (扰乱) it with alarms ringing one after another is a bad idea. People should set one alarm only. They can also try alarms that use light, not sound, Alicia Roth at the US Cleveland Clinic told CNN. 1. It’s the hardest for us to wake up during the ________ stage of sleep. A. first B. second C. third D. last 2. The writer mentioned our ________ when explaining “a light sleep”. A. heartbeat B. breathing C. eyes D. temperature 3. What can we learn from the passage? A. It’s a bad idea to try alarms that use light. B. Our body relaxes when we enter REM sleep. C. Sometimes we deal with our emotions in our dreams. D. Most of our dreams take place in the last hour of a night’s sleep. 4. The best title (题目) for the passage is “________”. A. How to have sweet dreams? B. Early to bed, early to rise C. Do we really need alarms? D. Sleep right, wake right 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. C 4. D 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了睡眠的四个阶段，特别是快速眼动睡眠 (REM睡眠) 的重要性，并指出设置多个闹钟会干扰睡眠质量，建议使用光闹钟代替声音闹钟。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Then comes the third stage. It is the deepest sleep and also the hardest to wake up from.”可知，处于睡眠第三阶段，是最难醒来的阶段。故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“During the first stage, we enter a light sleep. Our body relaxes, and our heart beats more slowly.”可知，当提到“浅睡眠”时，作者提到我们的心跳。故选A。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“REM sleep is important because most of our dreams take place during it. This helps us deal with our emotions (情绪) and remember the new things that we learn during the day.”可知，我们大部分的梦都出现在快速眼动睡眠过程中，这有助于我们处理自己的情绪。即有时我们在梦中处理自己的情绪。故选C。 【4题详解】 最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了睡眠的四个阶段，特别是快速眼动睡眠 (REM睡眠) 的重要性，并指出设置多个闹钟会干扰睡眠质量，建议使用光闹钟代替声音闹钟。故最佳标题为：睡个好觉，醒来迎接美好的一天。故选D。 B A boy was at a market with his sister. The sister was standing in front of a toy shop. She was looking at something inside the shop’s window. The boy asked, “What are you looking at?” The sister pointed at a doll. The boy wanted to buy it for his sister so he asked the shopkeeper, “How much is this doll, sir?” The shopkeeper looked at the boy and said, “Well, what can you pay?” The boy took out all the seashells (海贝壳) that he collected from the beach and gave them to the shopkeeper. The shopkeeper took the shells and started counting as if he was counting money. There were ten shells in total. Then he turned to the boy. The boy asked him, “Is it enough?” The shopkeeper said, “Of course. In fact, it’s more than enough.” He kept four of the seashells and gave back the rest. The boy left with his sister and her new doll happily. The worker in the shop was surprised. He asked the shopkeeper, “Why did you do that? That doll is eight dollars, but you only took four shells from that boy.” The shopkeeper replied, “To us, these are just seashells. But to that boy, they’re very precious. When he grows up, he’ll remember that he once bought a doll for his sister with seashells. It might tell him that the world has generous (慷慨的) and kind people. And perhaps,...” 5. The doll was ________. A. $10 B. $8 C. $6 D. $4 6. The underlined word “precious” in the last paragraph means “________”. A. beautiful B. special C. valuable D. lovely 7. What was the shopkeeper going to say next? A. He will be a truly honest person. B. He will feel very bad about doing so. C. He will come back and pay for the doll. D. He will be generous and kind to others too. 8. What kind of writing is the passage? A. A story. B. A report. C. A speech. D. A notice. 【答案】5. B 6. C 7. D 8. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了男孩用贝壳给妹妹买了一个玩偶，店主之所以卖给男孩玩偶，是希望让男孩知道世界上有很多慷慨且善良的人，希望男孩同样善良地、慷慨地帮助他人。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据“That doll is eight dollars, but you only took four shells from that boy.”可知，玩偶8美元。故选B。 【6题详解】 词义猜测题。根据“To us, these are just seashells. But to that boy, they’re very precious. When he grows up, he’ll remember that he once bought a doll for his sister with seashells.”可知，店主认为那些贝壳在男孩眼里是珍贵的，待他长大时，他会记得曾经用贝壳为他的妹妹买了一个玩偶。故划线单词“precious”意为“珍贵的”。故选C。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据“It might tell him that the world has generous (慷慨的) and kind people. And perhaps,...”可推知，店主希望小男孩长大后知道世界上有慷慨和善良的人，并且也会成为这样的人。故选D。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。本文讲述了男孩用贝壳给妹妹买了一个玩偶，店主之所以卖给男孩玩偶，是希望让男孩知道世界上有很多慷慨且善良的人，希望男孩同样善良地、慷慨地帮助他人。故推测本文是一个故事。故选A。 C FORUM (论坛) My favorite book All My page Shao Qinglan l hour ago I’ve just finished the book Moments We Shared by Zhang Jiajia. It’s a book that shows there is more to life than just studying. The main character Liu Shisan’s story tells us that when life is hard, our loved ones are there to help us. We should cherish (珍惜) them. The book is special because it shows us how important it is to love and care for our family and friends. It also helps us to discover what life really means. Wang Wei 2 hours ago This summer I read a book called The Art of Racing in the Rain by US writer Garth Stein. It’s a book about love and life. It tells a touching story through the the eyes of a dog named Enzo, which is similar to the movie A Dog’s Purpose. The book shows the heartwarming relationship between Enzo and his owner Denny, a car racer. As I read, I found that “the art of racing in the rain” is a metaphor (比喻). When it “rains” in life, problems may come. What can we do? Danny taught us that we should be brave to face them instead of running away. Zhong Zihan 3 hours ago How can we be our true selves? I think Demian a novel by German writer Herman Hesse, can help us find the answer. The novel is about a boy named Sinclair and his journey through life. It talks about how we can grow by learning more about ourselves and problems like understanding that the world is not just good or bad. It also helps us learn how to deal with the difficulties of life and find out who we truly are. 9. ________ is from Germany. A. Garth Stein B. Enzo C. Denny D. Herman Hesse 10. The writers all wrote about ________ in their books. A. love in return B. finding out who we truly are C. life and difficulties D. learning about the world 11. ________ tells us we should treasure relationships with family and friends. A. Moments We Shared B. The Art of Racing in the Rain C. A Dog’s Purpose D. Demian 12. The three posts are about the students’ favourite ________. A. writers B. books C. directors D. movies 【答案】9. D 10. C 11. A 12. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一个论坛帖子，三位学生分别分享了自己最喜欢的书籍及其感悟。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据“I think Demian, a novel by German writer Herman Hesse,”可知，Herman Hesse来自德国。故选D。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据“The main character Liu Shisan’s story tells us that when life is hard, our loved ones are there to help us.”、“When it “rains” in life, problems may come. What can we do? Danny taught us that we should be brave to face them instead of running away.”、“It also helps us learn how to deal with the difficulties of life and find out who we truly are.”可知，文中所有的作家都在他们的书中展示了生活和困难。故选C。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据“I’ve just finished the book Moments We Shared by Zhang Jiajia. It’s a book that shows there is more to life than just studying. The main character Liu Shisan’s story tells us that when life is hard, our loved ones are there to help us. We should cherish (珍惜) them.”可知，《我们享有的时光》告诉我们我们应该珍惜家人和朋友间的关系。故选A。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文是一个论坛帖子，三位学生分别分享了自己最喜欢的书籍及其感悟。故选B。 D ①You’ve already noticed that some people are right-handed while others are left-handed. But did you know that elephants are left-or right-trunked? People can tell this by looking at the wrinkles (皱纹) on their trunks (the long nose of an elephant), a study in Science found. ②Elephants can use their trunks to do many things like picking up food, spraying water or sand across their backs to cool off, and sending warnings to other elephants. The muscles (肌肉) and wrinkles of the trunks help them do these things. Wrinkles make the trunk move flexibly (灵活地). ③Scientists found that elephants like to bend (弯曲) their trunks to one side to put food in their mouths. Over time, this side of their trunks gets more wrinkles than the other. This is what makes them either left-or right-trunked. ④The chances of elephants being left-trunked or right-trunked are about 50:50. This is very different from people. For us, the chances of being left-handed or right-handed are about 10:90, according to CBS News. And for other animals such as kangaroos, the chances are about 95:5. This is interesting, isn’t it? ⑤More interestingly, Asian elephants have more wrinkles on the top of their trunks than African elephants. African elephants have two finger-like structures (结构) at the end of their trunks to hold things, but Asian elephants have only one. So, Asian elephants wrap their trunks around things to hold them more often than African elephants do. This leads to more wrinkles. 13. ________ make (s) the trunk flexible. A. The top of the mouth B. Muscles C. Wrinkles D. The finger-like structure 14. About ________ out of every 50 elephants are left-trunked. A. 5 B. 25 C. 45 D. 48 15. Paragraph 3 mainly talks about ________. A. the muscles and wrinkles of the trunks help elephants a lot B. elephants like to bend their trunks to one side to put food in their mouths C. the difference between Asian elephants and African elephants D. the reason why wrinkles can tell us if an elephant is left-or right-trunked 16. The purpose of the passage is to tell us ________. A. more about elephants B. to care for elephants C. left-and right-trunked elephants are different D. about Asian elephants and African elephants 【答案】13. C 14. B 15. D 16. A 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了大象的鼻子，包括鼻子的构成、不同之处等。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Wrinkles make the trunk move flexibly (灵活地).”可知，皱纹使象鼻更灵活。故选C。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“The chances of elephants being left-trunked or right-trunked are about 50:50.”可知，大象有左鼻或右鼻的可能性为50:50，故推测每50头大象中大约有25个左鼻。故选B。 【15题详解】 段落大意题。根据第三段“Scientists found that elephants like to bend (弯曲) their trunks to one side to put food in their mouths. Over time, this side of their trunks gets more wrinkles than the other. This is what makes them either left-or right-trunked.”可知，本段主要讲了皱纹告诉我们大象是左鼻还是右鼻的原因。故选D。 【16题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了大象的鼻子，包括鼻子的构成、不同之处等，即：告诉我们更多关于大象的信息。故选A。 第二节 阅读短文，从方框内所给的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有一个多余的选项。 Being a class leader is a hard job and the lack (缺少) of your classmates’ trust and support makes it harder. ____17____ You can make it either by having good grades or having a special skill, you must have something that is worth being admired by your classmates. The next is to win the support of your classmates. This is the key to the problem. And once you have the support of your classmates, you can fulfill your responsibility successfully. Here’s some advice on how to win your classmates’ support. ·____18____ You need to have a big heart to be a good class leader. Even if you don’t like some of your classmates, you should still treat them like everyone else. ·Be a good communicator. A good communicator treats others with respect. Put yourself in your classmates’ shoes and make them feel that you are on their side. ____19____ ·Make friends with everyone. It’s important to get along well with your classmates. Talk with everyone and try to be good friends with them. Remember to show that you are capable (有能力的) and friendly. ·____20____ Treat everyone with kindness and warmth. For group activities, try to take on more responsibility. And be ready to help anyone in need. A. Be fair to everyone. B. Be kind and helpful. C. Listen to their ideas before making decisions. D. You must help keep the class in order and organize activities. E. Being a good role model can build up your classmates’ trust in you. 【答案】17. E 18. A 19. C 20. B 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讨论了如何成为一名成功的班长。文章指出，班长需要赢得同学的信任和支持，并提出了几条建议。 【17题详解】 根据“Being a class leader is a hard job and the lack (缺少) of your classmates’ trust and support makes it harder.”可知，提出了缺少同学的信任和支持会让班干部的工作更难，故空处会与赢得信任相关。选项E“做一个好的角色模范会赢得你同学的信任。”与之相符。故选E。 【18题详解】 根据“You need to have a big heart to be a good class leader. Even if you don’t like some of your classmates, you should still treat them like everyone else.”可知，提到了要公平对待每个人。选项A“公平对待每个人。”与之相符。故选A。 【19题详解】 根据“A good communicator treats others with respect. Put yourself in your classmates’ shoes and make them feel that you are on their side.”可知，交流时，要站在同学的角度，让他们感觉你和他们在一边。故空处与交谈时的尊重相关。选项C“做决定前聆听他们的主意。”与之相符。故选C。 【20题详解】 根据“Treat everyone with kindness and warmth. For group activities, try to take on more responsibility. And be ready to help anyone in need.”可知，对待每个人要友善且热情，帮助需要帮助人。选项B“友善并乐于助人。”与之相符。故选B。 二、完形填空（每题1分，共10分） 阅读短文，理解其大意，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 The whole school was talking about the coming trip at a winter camp. And everyone was ____21____, except me. “I’ll hate it,” I told my parents. “I’ll get homesick (想家的). I’ll look silly at winter sports, and everyone will ____22____ me.” “You might be surprised, Bree,” said my mom. “The only way to find out is to ____23____.” “It’s what growing up is all about,” my dad added. When arriving at the camp, we were asked to share one ____24____. “I’m afraid I’ll be homesick,” someone said. I wasn’t the only one? I ____25____ to relax. After lunch, we were asked to ski down to the field. I skied carefully, but I still hit a piece of ice and fell down. “Ha! Ha!” Behind me, somebody started laughing. I looked back to see who was making fun of me. To my ____26____, I saw a girl in the same embarrassing situation I was in. “I thought I’d be bad at this, but I’m ____27____ than I expected! I could hardly keep my balance!” she said. ____28____, I started laughing, too. After being so afraid of ____29____, it was a comfort not to fear it anymore. Maybe the kind of ____30____ my mom and dad were talking about had more to do with my outlook (态度) than my look. We all worry about fitting in and failing when we try new things. Don’t think too much. Just go for it! 21. A. excited B. proud C. angry D. nervous 22. A. depend on B. look after C. shout to D. laugh at 23. A. ask B. try C. consider D. research 24. A. wish B. joy C. fear D. joke 25. A. failed B. managed C. began D. continued 26. A. satisfaction B. shame C. regret D. surprise 27. A. abler B. cooler C. worse D. crazier 28. A. Actually B. Honestly C. Luckily D. Suddenly 29. A. arguing B. falling C. losing D. suffering 30. A. growing up B. finding out C. cheering up D. helping out 【答案】21. A 22. D 23. B 24. C 25. C 26. D 27. C 28. D 29. B 30. A 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了一个名叫Bree的女孩对学校组织的冬令营活动感到焦虑和抗拒，但在父母鼓励下最终尝试参与，并发现自己的担忧是多余的成长故事。 【21题详解】 句意：每个人都很兴奋，除了我。 excited兴奋的；proud骄傲的；angry生气的；nervous紧张的。根据空格后面的“except me”，以及下文“I’ll hate it,”可知，作者不想去冬令营，然而其他人应该是都很“兴奋”，故选A。 【22题详解】 句意：“我会讨厌它，” 我告诉父母，“我会想家，在冬季运动上看起来很笨，大家都会嘲笑我。” depend on依靠；look after照顾；shout to朝……喊；laugh at嘲笑。根据前半句“I’ll look silly at winter sports,”可知，由于作者不擅长冬季运动项目，因此害怕别人会嘲笑自己，laugh at“嘲笑”，固定短语，故选D。 【23题详解】 句意：唯一能知道的方法就是去尝试。 ask问；try尝试；consider考虑；research研究。根据“ ‘It’s what growing up is all about,’ my dad added.”可知，爸爸认为这是成长所要经历的，故而作者的妈妈也是鼓励作者要勇于尝试。故选B。 【24题详解】 句意：到达营地时，我们被要求分享一件害怕的事情。 wish祝愿；joy乐趣；fear害怕；joke玩笑。根据下文“I’m afraid I’ll be homesick,”可知，我怕我会想家，故空处是指被要求分享一件害怕的事情，故选C。 【25题详解】 句意：我开始放松下来。 failed失败；managed设法；began开始；continued继续。根据上文“I wasn’t the only one?”可知，作者一开始担心自己会想家，害怕会被别人笑话，因此当听到别人说想家时，她应该是开始放松了，故选C。 【26题详解】 句意：令我惊讶是，我看到一个女孩也处于同样尴尬的境地。 satisfaction满意；shame惭愧；regret后悔；surprise惊喜。根据“To my..., I saw a girl in the same embarrassing situation I was in.”可知，作者本以为别人在嘲笑她，结果发现对方也摔倒了，所以很惊讶。故选D。 【27题详解】 句意：“我以为我会很糟糕，但我比预期的更差！我几乎无法保持平衡！”她说。 abler更有能力的；cooler更酷的；worse更糟糕的；crazier更疯狂的。根据“I could hardly keep my balance!”可知，女孩说她几乎无法保持平衡，故而女孩说自己表现比预期更差。故选C。 【28题详解】 句意：突然，我也开始笑了。 Actually实际上；Honestly诚实地；Luckily幸运地；Suddenly突然。根据“...I started laughing, too.”可知，作者从紧张到笑是突然的转变。故选D。 【29题详解】 句意：在如此害怕摔倒之后，不再害怕它是一种安慰。 arguing讨论；falling跌倒；losing失去；suffering遭受。根据上文“I skied carefully, but I still hit a piece of ice and fell down.”可知，前文提到滑雪摔倒，故空处指“摔倒”。故选B。 【30题详解】 句意：也许妈妈和爸爸所说的成长方式更多地与我的态度有关，而不是我的外表。 growing up成长；finding out找出；cheering up欢呼；helping out解决。根据上文“ ‘It’s what growing up is all about,’ my dad added.”可知，爸爸认为这就是成长的意义所在，故而作者在此是发出关于成长的感慨，故选A。 第二部分 非选择题（共40分） 三、语篇填空（每题1分，共10分） 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 Franz Kafka (1883-1924), a famous writer, never married and had no children. Once, at the age of 40, when he ____31____ (walk) through a park in Berlin, Germany, he saw a young girl crying. She couldn’t find her favorite doll. He helped her looked ____32____ the doll, but they couldn’t find it. Kafka told her to meet him there the next day and they would look again. The next day, when they still couldn’t find the doll, Kafka gave the girl a letter “written” by the doll that said, “I have gone on ____33____ trip to see the world. Please do not feel sad. ____34____ (share) about my adventures (冒险经历), I’m going to write to you.” Then, a story that lasted ____35____ Kafka’s life came to an end began. When they met, Kafka would read the ____36____ (letter) of adventures that the girl found exciting. She thought her doll’s adventures were ____37____ (wonder) ones she had ever heard. Finally, Kafka read her a letter in which the doll said it finally came back to Berlin. Then, he gave her a doll that ____38____ (buy) in a store. “This does not look like ____39____ (I) at all,” she said. Then Kafka handed her a letter that said, “I have changed ____40____ (great) because of my trips.” The girl hugged the new doll and took it home. A year later, Kafka died. Many years later, the girl found a letter inside the doll. The letter, signed by Kafka, said, “Everything you love is very likely to be lost, but in the end, love will return in a different way.” 【答案】31. was walking 32. for 33. a 34. To share 35. until##till 36. letters 37. the most wonderful 38. was bought 39. mine 40. greatly 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了作家卡夫卡在柏林公园遇到一个丢失娃娃的小女孩的故事。卡夫卡通过写信的方式，假装娃娃去旅行，并最终送给女孩一个新的娃娃。多年后，女孩在娃娃里发现了一封卡夫卡的信，信中表达了“你所爱的一切可能会失去，但最终，爱会以另一种方式回归”的深刻哲理。 【31题详解】 句意：曾经，在他40岁时，他在德国柏林的一个公园里散步时，看到了一个哭泣的小女孩。根据“when he...through a park in...”可知，描述的是过去某个时间点正在进行的动作，需过去进行时，其结构为was/were doing sth.，主语为he，be动词用was。故填was walking。 【32题详解】 句意：他帮助她寻找她的娃娃，但他们没有找到。根据“but they couldn’t find it.”可知，他们没有找到，说明他帮助她“寻找”娃娃。look for“寻找”为固定短语，故填for。 【33题详解】 句意：卡夫卡给女孩一封娃娃写的信，信中说：“我已经去旅行看世界了。” 根据“...trip to see the world.”可知，空处泛指“一次旅行”，需不定冠词，trip是以辅音音素开头的单词，需冠词a修饰。故填a。 【34题详解】 句意：“为了分享我的冒险经历，我会写信给你。” 分析句子结构可知，空处需动词不定式表目的，故填To share。 【35题详解】 句意：然后，一个持续到卡夫卡生命结束的故事开始了。根据“...Kafka’s life came to an end began.”可知，空处指“直到”，需介词until/till。故填until/till。 【36题详解】 句意：当他们见面时，卡夫卡会读那些女孩觉得兴奋的冒险信件。根据下文“Finally, Kafka read her a letter...”以及“Then Kafka handed her a letter”可知，卡夫卡写了多封信，因此使用复数形式。故填letters。 【37题详解】 句意：她认为她娃娃的冒险是她听过的最精彩的冒险。根据分析句子成分可知，空处需形容词作表语，再根据“ones she had ever heard.”可知，空处指“最精彩的”冒险，需形容词比较级，名词wonder的形容词为wonderful“精彩的”，其最高级为the most wonderful。故填the most wonderful。 【38题详解】 句意：然后，他给了她一个在商店里买的娃娃。本句为定语从句，先行词为a doll，与从句中动词buy之间为被动关系，需被动语态，因描述的过去的事，需一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为was/were done，a doll为名词单数，需用was，故填was bought。 【39题详解】 句意：“这看起来一点也不像我的，”她说。根据“This does not look like...at all”可知，空处指“我的娃娃”，需名词性物主代词mine。故填mine。 【40题详解】 句意：卡夫卡递给她一封信，信中说：“因为我的旅行，我发生了很大的变化。” changed为动词，需副词形式，great的副词形式为greatly，意为“极大地”。故填greatly。 四、阅读与表达（41～43题，每题2分；44题4分，共10分） 阅读短文，然后根据内容回答问题。 Did you know that a lot of pollution in the world comes from inside your home—bricks (砖块)? What if nature could help us make bricks in a cleaner way? In fact, scientists are working on making bricks out of mushrooms right now. For example, Professor Han Wosten and his team at Utrecht University in the Netherlands are creating mushroom bricks. They mix mushrooms with straw (稻草) and the mushrooms grow on the straw for about two weeks. Then they can be made into different materials. “If we press it, we can get something like hardboard,” Wosten said. Making mushroom bricks creates much less CO2 than materials like cement (水泥). They are also biodegradable (可生物降解的), so we don’t have to worry about them polluting the land when they are thrown away. Mushroom materials can also fix themselves. If the floor in your house is broken, you can re-grow mushrooms to fix it. There is still a lot of research to do, though. “It’s very early to say your house will be all made of mushrooms,” said researcher Phil Ayres. Still, progress is being made, and the future of mushroom materials looks bright. 41. What is hardboard made of? ______________________ 42. Why don’t mushroom bricks pollute the land when they are thrown away? ______________________ 43. How can we fix a wall made of mushroom bricks? ______________________ 44. As a teenager, what do you think you can do to help improve the environment? (Write 30 words or more.) ______________________ 【答案】41. Mushrooms and straw. / It’s made of mushrooms and straw. 42. Because they are biodegradable. / They are biodegradable. 43. By re-growing mushrooms (to fix it). / We can re-grow mushrooms (to fix it). 44. I think I can take the bus instead of riding in cars. I can turn off the light when I leave a room. And I can use reusable bags instead of plastic bags. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍蘑菇砖头的相关内容。 【41题详解】 根据第二段“They mix mushrooms with straw (稻草) and the mushrooms grow on the straw for about two weeks. Then they can be made into different materials. ‘If we press it, we can get something like hardboard,’ Wosten said.”可知，硬板是由蘑菇和稻草制成的。故填Mushrooms and straw. / It’s made of mushrooms and straw. 【42题详解】 根据“Making mushroom bricks creates much less CO2 than materials like cement (水泥). They are also biodegradable (可生物降解的), so we don’t have to worry about them polluting the land when they are thrown away.”可知，因为它们是可生物降解的，所以当扔掉它们时，蘑菇砖不会污染土地。故填Because they are biodegradable. / They are biodegradable. 【43题详解】 根据“If the floor in your house is broken, you can re-grow mushrooms to fix it.”可知，我们可以通过使用可重新生长的蘑菇来修理一面墙。故填By re-growing mushrooms (to fix it). / We can re-grow mushrooms (to fix it)。 【44题详解】 本题为开放性习题。注意字数要求，言之有理即可。故填I think I can take the bus instead of riding in cars. I can turn off the light when I leave a room. And I can use reusable bags instead of plastic bags. 五、书面表达（满分20分） 45. 你在英国的笔友迈克最近正在学习汉语，他感觉很吃力，于是向你咨询有关学习汉语的方法，请你给他回微信，介绍学习汉语的方法。具体内容包括： 1．从发音、口语表达、听力、语法、阅读、写作几个方面至少选择三项来进行介绍； 2．对迈克加以鼓励。 注意： 1．内容完整，语意连贯，层次清晰，书写规范。 2．文中不得出现真实的姓名和校名。 3．词数80～100，微信开头已给出，不记入总词数。 Mike, Chinese is difficult for beginners. Here are some good ways to learn Chinese. I hope they are useful to you. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 Mike, Chinese is difficult for beginners. Here are some good ways to learn Chinese. I hope they are useful to you. You can improve your pronunciation by listening and repeating aloud. You can also read aloud to practise pronunciation. To practise speaking, you should join a Chinese language club. You can also practise speaking by talking with me. As for grammar, you can learn it by taking notes, doing exercises and reading a lot. And I think it’s a good idea to practise listening by watching Chinese programmes, videos or films. If you want to improve your writing, you can write to me. Remember: Practice makes perfect. Believe in yourself and you will be a successful learner. 【解析】 详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是材料作文； ②时态：主要时态为“一般现在时”； ③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏提示内容中“提示信息”要求均要一一阐述，适当发挥。 [写作步骤] 第一步：表明写作意图。借用“这有很多学习中文的一些好方法。”来引出重点介绍的内容。 第二步：具体阐述写作内容。依照提示信息的要点——发音、口语表达、听力、语法、阅读、写作几个方面等均要一一阐述。 第三步：书写结语。 [亮点词汇] ①read aloud大声读 ②practise speaking练习讲话 ③write to sb.给某人写信 [高分句型] ①If you want to improve your writing, you can write to me. (If引导的条件状语从句） ②Believe in yourself and you will be a successful learner. (祈使句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$