精品解析：广东省广东实验中学越秀学校2024-2025学年高二下学期期中英语试卷

广东实验中学越秀学校2024-2025学年（下）期中考试题 高二年级英语 本试卷共8页，满分130分，考试用时120分钟。 Ⅰ．阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Are you interested in how marine (海洋的) ecosystems work? Do you want to know more about marine animals? Bowling Green State University (BGSU) has one of the few camps in the Midwest where high school students can explore life at sea! Camp Dates: June 8-13、2025 What kinds of activities do campers get to do? ·Field trips to locations around Northwest Ohio to examine marine life and environments ·Hands-on activities to practice specimen (标本) collection procedures ·Design and run an experiment in our research lab ·Behind-the-scenes trip to the Toledo Zoo to learn about marine animals ·Meet professionals to learn what it means to be a marine scientist What does the cost cover? The BGSU Marine Biology camp will offer both residential and non-residential options. The cost of the non-residential program is $850, with an additional $400 fee for the residential option. The total program cost covers room and board, all materials for labs and activities as well as transportation for field trips. A 10% discount is available for early admission. Application Requirements ·Letter of recommendation ·Complete the online form ·Complete responses to short-answer questions Note: Answers to questions provided by anyone other than that applicant will disqualify the application. Application Deadlines ·March 2, 2025 — To be considered for early admission. Applicants will be informed by March 14. ·April 25. 2025 — General Application Deadline. Note: All spaces may fill after selection from the early admission deadline. 1. What does the camp offer? A. Sample gathering practice. B. Field trips to nature museums. C. Research lab membership. D. Lectures on marine knowledge. 2. What is the early admission cost for the residential option? A. $400. B. $765. C. $1,125. D. $1,250. 3. Which of the following will result in an applicant’s disqualification? A. Forgetting to confirm admission. B. Providing responses given by others. C. Missing the early application deadline. D. Failing to recommend other applicants. 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文，文章主要介绍了鲍林格林州立大学的夏令营，高中生可以在那里探索海上生活。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据“What kinds of activities do campers get to do?(营员们可以参加哪些活动？)”部分中“Hands-on activities to practice specimen (标本) collection procedures(实践标本收集程序)”可知，该夏令营提供标本收集练习，故选A。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据“What does the cost cover?(费用包括什么？)”部分中“The cost of the non-residential program is $850, with an additional $400 fee for the residential option. The total program cost covers room and board, all materials for labs and activities as well as transportation for field trips. A 10% discount is available for early admission.(非住宿项目的费用为850美元，住宿项目的额外费用为400美元。项目总费用包括食宿费、实验室和活动的所有材料以及实地考察的交通费。提前加入可享受九折优惠)”可知，住宿项目总费用为850+400=1250美元，提前加入可以享受九折优惠，即1250×90%=1125美元，故选C。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Application Requirements(申请要求)”部分中“Note: Answers to questions provided by anyone other than that applicant will disqualify the application.(注：由申请人以外的人提供的问题的答案将取消申请资格)”可知，提供别人给出的答案会导致申请人被取消资格，故选B。 B It was our last class before the summer break. I was finishing the first year of an MFA program. I was tired and puzzled. “Was I good enough to be in the program?” When the professor asked about our summer plans, I panicked. I didn’t want to appear idle (无所事事的). “Gardening,” I responded immediately. Actually, I knew nothing about plants! My professor nodded and said, “What a good idea, Mary! Emily Dickinson loved gardening.” Emily Dickinson lived in the countryside, studying plants as a child. I was in my late twenties, living in the city without gardening experience. A few days later, I bought a jalapeño seedling (青辣椒苗). At least I could say I’d tried gardening. I watered and changed the dirt for my little plant. I even talked to it. And over the summer, it grew bigger and bigger. I was proud. Maybe I didn’t have a black thumb after all. I started the second year of my MFA, and then it was almost December and my jalapeño was suffering. It was brown in some places, and many of its leaves had fallen. Would my little guy make it? I prayed, “Please be okay,” as if its survival was closely linked to mine. I worked hard in school. Spring came. My jalapeño plant came back to life. It grew bigger with new leaves. And then it flowered. I handed in my graduate paper, a book of poems, in May. “Your poems are strong,” my professor said. A huge weight lifted. I’d done it! At that time, I found the flowers on my jalapeño plant were gone. I watched closer. A tiny green fruit pushed through where a flower had been. I smiled. I had succeeded in my MFA program, and my jalapeño plant had grown right beside me, and I successfully did things I hadn’t thought possible. 4. Why did the author begin gardening? A. Just by accident. B. Because of the love of gardening. C. To express love for Emily Dickinson. D. Because of the reminding of a professor. 5. When did the author begin her first gardening? A. In her childhood. B. In one of her summer breaks. C. In her teens. D. In her first year of the MFA program. 6. What does the underlined phrase “a black thumb” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A. A talent for growing plants well. B. A dirty finger to touch plants. C. A good fortune to do everything. D. The inability to do gardening. 7. Which proverb can best describe the story? A. Nothing is impossible to a willing heart. B. Easier said than done. C. It’s never too old to learn. D. Do not teach fish to swim. 【答案】4. A 5. B 6. D 7. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者在攻读艺术硕士的第一年暑假种植青辣椒的故事，成功地做了以前认为不可能的事情。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段话“When the professor asked about our summer plans, I panicked. I didn’t want to appear idle (无所事事的). “Gardening,” I responded immediately. Actually, I knew nothing about plants!(当教授问起我们的暑假计划时，我慌了。我不想显得无所事事。“园艺。”我立刻回答。事实上，我对植物一无所知!)”可知，作者并不懂园艺，只是被教授突然问道，出于紧张，随口说了一个。因此，作者开始园艺只是出于偶然。故选A项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段话“It was our last class before the summer break.(这是我们暑假前的最后一节课。)”,第三段话“A few days later, I bought a jalapeño seedling (青辣椒苗).(几天之后我买了一颗青辣椒苗。)”以及“ And over the summer, it grew bigger and bigger. (整个夏天，它变得越来越大)”可知，作者真正开始园艺是在暑假期间。故选B项。 【6题详解】 词义猜测题。根据划线前“And over the summer, it grew bigger and bigger. I was proud.(整个夏天，它变得越来越大。我很自豪。)”可知，青椒苗在作者的培育下长势喜人。由此推断，作者觉得自己也有做好园艺的能力。划线处所在句子是个否定句，因此推知，此处指作者骄傲的自夸“或许我终究不是不擅长园艺的人”。故选D项。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段话“I smiled. I had succeeded in my MFA program, and my jalapeño plant had grown right beside me, and I successfully did things I hadn’t thought possible.(我笑了笑。我成功地完成了我的艺术硕士课程，我的墨西哥胡椒就长在我身边，我成功地做了一些我认为不可能的事情。)”可知，通过作者的努力，成功地做了自己认为不可能的事情。因此推断A项“世上无难事只怕有心人”最好的描述了这个故事。故选A项。 C Honeybees have a difficult task. First, they have to find food. Then they have to return to the hive to tell other bees where to find it. The bees have to fly back and forth between the hive and their food over and over again. Also they need to deal with whatever obstacles lie along their flight paths. “Honeybees face a lot of challenges in choosing efficient ways through dense environments and we basically want to study how they choose the safest and least energy-consuming routes.” said Marielle Ong, a researcher at the University of Queensland in Australia. To track the insects’ navigation, she and her team set up tiny obstacle courses for more than a hundred honeybees. Along the way, the bees were forced to fly through one or the other of two openings of different sizes. As a group, the bees usually flew through the wider opening, which makes sense - fewer chances of slamming their tiny bee bodies into a wall. But things got more interesting when Ong looked at the decisions made by individual bees, one by one. “We found that 55 percent had no biases, and the rest of the 45 percent was a split between left-handed bees and right-handed bees.” In other words, some honeybees have a sidedness. They obviously don’t have hands, but let’s say they’re either right-handed or left-handed. So, for example, a right-handed bee would prefer to navigate the overcrowded right-side opening in the obstacle than go through the left-side hole, even though it was larger and safer. Sometimes, bees with a sidedness would even land and walk through the smaller opening so that they could use their preferred side. These biases apparently help the members of large swarms (群) navigate through a complex environment without crashing into each other. If all bees were right-handed, it would take a long time for the entire group to pass through a small opening, such as a hive entrance. But by having a range of side biases, the entire swarm can move more quickly when it encounters an obstacle. Ong thinks that one day engineers could apply this finding. They could design robotic drone swarms to pass obstacles more efficiently. They could even program self-driving cars to operate less like a chaotic group of humans and more like an orderly group of honeybees. 8. What method did researchers use to study honeybee navigation? d A. Observing bees in natural hives. B. Creating small challenge routes. C. Tracking bees using GPS devices. D. Analyzing bee communication dances. 9. What did researchers discover about individual honeybees’ preferences? A. Bees preferred larger and safer openings. B. Bees landed and walked through obstacles. C. Bees displayed left-or right-side preferences. D. Bees avoided flying through small openings altogether. 10. What is the benefit of sidedness in honeybee swarms? A. Bees navigate without colliding with one another. B. Bees choose larger openings when facing obstacles. C. Bees take more time passing through small openings. D. Bees slow down and land to pass through smaller holes. 11. What does the author imply in the last paragraph? A. Robotic systems are already as orderly as honeybee swarms. B. Side biases in bees prevent swarm movement through small openings. C. Engineers could use honeybee behaviors to design chaotic swarm systems. D. Honeybee navigation strategies could improve drone and vehicle efficiency. 【答案】8. B 9. C 10. A 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述蜜蜂导航的研究实验及其所揭示的蜜蜂的侧偏性对于整个群体交通效率的好处，以及这一发现可能对工程领域的启发价值。 【8题详解】 细节理解题 。根据文章第三段“To track the insects’ navigation, she and her team set up tiny obstacle courses for more than a hundred honeybees. (为了追踪昆虫的导航，她和她的团队为一百多只蜜蜂设置了微型障碍路线。)”可知，研究人员通过创建小型挑战路线研究蜜蜂的导航行为。故选B。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第五段“In other words, some honeybees have a sidedness. They obviously don’t have hands, but let’s say they’re either right-handed or left-handed. (换句话说，有些蜜蜂有偏向性。它们显然没有手，但我们说它们要么是左侧偏好，要么是右侧偏好。)”可知，研究人员发现蜜蜂表现出对左侧或右侧的偏好。故选C。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第六段“These biases apparently help the members of large swarms navigate through a complex environment without crashing into each other. (这些偏好显然有助于大群蜜蜂成员在复杂的环境中导航而不相互碰撞。)”可知，蜜蜂的侧偏性使它们在蜂群中能避免碰撞。故选A。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Ong thinks that one day engineers could apply this finding. They could design robotic drone swarms to pass obstacles more efficiently. They could even program self-driving cars to operate less like a chaotic group of humans and more like an orderly group of honeybees. (Ong认为，总有一天工程师们可以运用这一发现。他们可以设计无人驾驶飞机群更有效地通过障碍物，甚至可以编程让自动驾驶汽车运行得更像一群有序的蜜蜂而不是一群混乱的人类。)”可推知，蜜蜂的导航策略可以用于改进无人机和自动驾驶汽车的效率。故选D。 D Human intelligence, particularly the ability to concentrate, varies and is crucial for work performance and creativity. It also helps older adults prevent accidents like falls, improving their quality of life. However, measuring concentration is challenging, and its relationship with age is not well understood. Psychologists from Trinity College Dublin developed a computer game to quantify attention and investigate the factors influencing concentration. The study included 34 young adults and 34 seniors. Despite similar scores, their strategies were notably different. Young adults, with a 45% distraction rate, relied on quick reactions and mental flexibility. In contrast, seniors, with a 27% distraction rate, demonstrated higher concentration, using self-discipline to achieve comparable scores. These findings, published in “Psychology and Aging”, showing that older adults can make up for a decline in overall intelligence with other cognitive (认知) strengths. The study also highlighted the importance of neural (神经) connections in intelligence. Younger individuals have stronger and extensive neural connections, contributing to their quick reactions and distractibility. To investigate how older adults can maintain these connections, Kaitlin Casaletto, a neurobiologist at UCSF, focused on “presynaptic proteins” around synapses (染色体突触), which are vital for synaptic connection quality. Dr. Casaletto co-operated with the University of Chicago to analyze brain tissue samples from 404 elderly volunteers. The study found that regular exercisers had higher levels of presynaptic proteins, indicating stronger synaptic connections. This difference was observed in various brain areas associated with cognitive function, not just the hippocampus, which is linked to memory. The findings, published in “Alzheimer’s & Dementia,” provide structural evidence that exercise can slow cognitive decline in older adults. This supports the idea that increased physical activity can help delay cognitive aging, offering scientists more confidence in the role of exercise in maintaining cognitive health. The research emphasizes the potential for older adults to preserve their cognitive abilities through lifestyle choices, such as regular physical activity, which can have a significant impact on their neural connections and overall cognitive function. 12. Why did the psychologists develop the computer game? A. To train young adults to improve their mental flexibility. B. To show the importance of maintaining cognitive health. C. To find out factors affecting concentration across age groups. D. To compare the distraction rate for young adults and seniors 13. How did older adults achieve similar scores to young adults? A. By a strong sense of regulation. B. By relying on faster reaction times. C. By having better mental flexibility. D. By increasing overall intelligence. 14. What do the presynaptic proteins do in the study? A. They are associated with a higher distraction rate. B. They are linked to the overall memory of the elders. C. They are responsible for muscle strength in older adults. D. They are crucial for the quality of synaptic connections. 15. What is the passage mainly about? A. The role of exercise in slowing cognitive decline in older adults. B. The challenges of measuring concentration and its relationship with age. C. The differences in concentration strategies between young and old adults. D. The neural connections and their impact on cognitive strengths in older adults. 【答案】12. C 13. A 14. D 15. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍研究用电脑游戏测注意力，发现老人和年轻人策略不同，且锻炼可助老人防认知衰退。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Psychologists from Trinity College Dublin developed a computer game to quantify attention and investigate the factors influencing concentration.(都柏林圣三一学院的心理学家开发了一款电脑游戏来量化注意力，并调查影响注意力的因素)”可知，心理学家开发这个电脑游戏是为了找出影响各年龄组注意力集中的因素。故选C。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“In contrast, seniors, with a 27% distraction rate, demonstrated higher concentration, using self-discipline to achieve comparable scores.(相比之下，老年人的注意力分散率为27%，表现出更高的专注力，他们通过自律获得了类似的分数)”可知，老年人通过强烈的控制意识获得与年轻人相似的分数。故选A。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“To investigate how older adults can maintain these connections, Kaitlin Casaletto, a neurobiologist at UCSF, focused on “presynaptic proteins” around synapses (染色体突触), which are vital for synaptic connection quality.(为了研究老年人如何维持这些连接，加州大学旧金山分校的神经生物学家凯特琳·卡萨莱托专注于突触周围的“突触前蛋白”，这对突触连接质量至关重要)”可知，突触前蛋白对突触连接的质量至关重要。故选D。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Human intelligence, particularly the ability to concentrate, varies and is crucial for work performance and creativity. It also helps older adults prevent accidents like falls, improving their quality of life. However, measuring concentration is challenging, and its relationship with age is not well understood. Psychologists from Trinity College Dublin developed a computer game to quantify attention and investigate the factors influencing concentration.(人类的智力，尤其是集中注意力的能力，各不相同，对工作表现和创造力至关重要。它还可以帮助老年人预防跌倒等事故，提高他们的生活质量。然而，测量浓度是具有挑战性的，其与年龄的关系尚不清楚。都柏林圣三一学院的心理学家开发了一款电脑游戏来量化注意力，并调查影响注意力的因素)”以及文章主要介绍了一项关于老年人认知能力的研究，解释了研究开展的经过以及研究发现经常锻炼的人有更高水平的突触前蛋白，这表明突触连接更强。这项研究强调了老年人通过选择生活方式来保持认知能力的潜力，比如定期的体育活动，这对他们的神经连接和整体认知功能有重大影响。可知，这篇文章主要讲的是运动在减缓老年人认知能力下降中的作用。故选A。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 A recent study suggests that reading paper books does make you smarter.While all reading benefits the brain,particularly at a young age,physical books offer the most advantages.Students who read paper books scored approximately 2.5 years ahead of those who didn’t read,whereas digital readers scored just under a year ahead ____16____ A previous study has consistently shown that reading comprehension is better with paper books compared to digital reading. ____17____Even in areas where digital reading is more common,students who read paper books demonstrate a better understanding of the material. One reason for this is that reading on paper comes with fewer distractions(干扰) .Digital platforms often distract readers with games or videos. ____18____Additionally,the absence of blue light in physical books prevents potential harm to readers’ eyes and aids in better sleep.The brain activity involved in reading a paper book helps the mind wind down,avoiding blue light that can interrupt the circadian rhythm (生物钟). ____19____Children surrounded by books are encouraged to read and discuss what they learn,developing a habit of engaged learning and achieving greater success.While digital books have made reading more accessible to disadvantaged students,they do not replace the unique benefits of physical books.However,since physical copies can be more expensive and harder to find,digital reading remains a valuable alternative. It’s true that paper books have clear advantages. ____20____So,regardless of how you choose to read,know that any book is better than none. A. Paper books, on the contrary, keep readers focused. B. Unfortunately, the same cannot be said for digital books. C. This differenee of more than a year and a half is significant. D. Digital reading, on the other hand, is far better than not reading at all. E. Consider adding books to your physical library, rather than digital ones. F. The new one further confirms the long-term benefits for physical book readers. G. Moreover, people with more books at home are typically higher academic achievers. 【答案】16. C 17. F 18. A 19. G 20. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了阅读纸质书相对于数字阅读的优势，包括在阅读理解、专注力、对眼睛的保护以及睡眠质量的改善等方面的益处。 【16题详解】 根据空前“Students who read paper books scored approximately 2.5 years ahead of those who didn’t read, whereas digital readers scored just under a year ahead（阅读纸质书的学生比不阅读的学生成绩领先约 2.5 年，而阅读电子书的学生仅领先不到 1 年）”可知，阅读纸质书的学生优势很明显。选项C“This difference of more than a year and a half is significant.(这一年半多的差距是很显著的。)”承接上文对纸质书阅读者和电子书阅读者成绩差距的描述。故选C。 【17题详解】 根据空前内容“A previous study has consistently shown that reading comprehension is better with paper books compared to digital reading.(此前的一项研究一直表明，与数字阅读相比，纸质书的阅读理解效果更好。)”可知，上文提到之前的研究已经表明纸质书在阅读理解上优于数字阅读。选项F“The new one further confirms the long-term benefits for physical book readers.(这项新的研究进一步证实了纸质书读者的长期益处。)”与前文提到的之前的研究相呼应，进一步说明新研究的作用。故选F。 【18题详解】 根据空前内容“Digital platforms often distract readers with games or videos.(数字平台经常用游戏或视频分散读者的注意力。)”可知，数字平台经常通过游戏或视频分散读者的注意力。选项A“Paper books, on the contrary, keep readers focused.(相反，纸质书能让读者保持专注。)” 与前文形成对比，说明纸质书在减少干扰方面的优势。故选A。 【19题详解】 根据下文“Children surrounded by books are encouraged to read and discuss what they learn, developing a habit of engaged learning and achieving greater success.(被书籍包围的孩子会被鼓励去阅读并讨论所学内容，养成积极学习的习惯并取得更大的成功。)”可知，被书籍包围的孩子会更容易成功。选项G“Moreover, people with more books at home are typically higher academic achievers.(此外，家里藏书更多的人通常在学业上取得更高的成就。)”能够引出后文关于书籍对孩子学习等方面影响的内容。故选G。 【20题详解】 根据空前“It’s true that paper books have clear advantages.(纸质书确实有明显的优势。)”可知，上文提到纸质书有优势。而空后“So, regardless of how you choose to read, know that any book is better than none.（所以，无论你选择何种阅读方式，要知道读总比不读好）”可推测，空处提到了其他阅读方式。选项D“Digital reading, on the other hand, is far better than not reading at all.(另一方面，数字阅读总比不阅读要好得多。)” 既承接了前文关于纸质书优势的话题，又呼应了后文强调阅读方式的选择及阅读本身的重要性。故选D。 Ⅱ．语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Roger Bannister, born in Harrow, London, early showed a talent for running. University education was beyond the ____21____ of his working-class parents, but he was ____22____ to secure a place at one of England’s top universities and pursue a career in ____23____. Luckily, owing to his academic ____24____, Bannister was awarded a scholarship by Oxford University, where his exceptional speed on the track soon earned him the attention and ____25____ from the sports media. Surprisingly, he ____26____ to compete in the 1948 Olympics in London, preferring to focus on his ____27____ and his medical studies. By 1951, Bannister had won the British championship in the mile and felt ____28____ for Olympic competition. Unfortunately, a last-minute change in the schedule ____29____ him to compete without resting between events and he finished just fourth in the 1500-meter race at the 1952 Olympics. To break the four-minute mile barrier, Bannister _____30_____ 45 minutes every day from his full-time medical studies for training. On May 6, 1954, at Oxford, his efforts _____31_____ paid off. At age 25, Bannister made history, crossing the finish line at 3: 59.4. When the announcer read out the time: “3…”, the rest was _____32_____ by the cheering crowd. In the following famous “Mile of the Century” race, Bannister _____33_____ Australian runner John Landy with a time of 3: 58.8 to Landy’s 3: 59. 6, both under four minutes. In 1955, Bannister’s autobiography, First Four Minutes, came out. Bannister’s _____34_____ to academic medicine is equally remarkable, but his spirit of the four-minute mile is _____35_____ to not only people of our era, but to before and after. 21. A. hope B. control C. sight D. reach 22. A. excited B. determined C. satisfied D. surprised 23. A. literature B. biology C. history D. medicine 24. A. effort B. interest C. courage D. attention 25. A. support B. permission C. recognition D. guidance 26. A. declined B. planned C. decided D. promised 27. A. family B. training C. profession D. competition 28. A. cool B. proud C. ready D. afraid 29. A. forced B. allowed C. expected D. encouraged 30. A. take in B. set aside C. carry away D. get through 31. A. initially B. actually C. definitely D. eventually 32. A. favored B. attracted C. drowned D. confirmed 33. A. inspected B. defeated C. overlooked D. approached 34. A. promise B. attitude C. contribution D. viewpoint 35. A. controversial B. considerate C. aggressive D. inspirational 【答案】21. D 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. A 27. B 28. C 29. A 30. B 31. D 32. C 33. B 34. C 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Roger Bannister跑步成就及医学贡献。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：大学教育超出了他工薪阶层父母的能力范围，但他决心在英国的一所顶尖大学获得一席之地，并从事医学事业。A. hope希望；B. control控制；C. sight视力；D. reach到达。根据后文“of his working-class parents”可知，他的父母是工人阶级，他无法接受大学教育，固定短语beyond the reach of表示“超出……的控制范围”。故选D。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：大学教育超出了他工薪阶层父母的能力范围，但他决心在英国的一所顶尖大学获得一席之地，并从事医学事业。A. excited激动的；B. determined坚定的；C. satisfied满足的；D. surprised惊讶的。根据后文“to secure a place at one of England’s top universities”及上文but可知，他决心在英国的一所顶尖大学获得一席之地，故选B。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：大学教育超出了他工薪阶层父母的能力范围，但他决心在英国的一所顶尖大学获得一席之地，并从事医学事业。A. literature文学；B. biology生物学；C. history历史；D. medicine医学。根据后文“and his medical studies”可知，他想从事医学事业。故选D。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，由于他在学术上的努力，Bannister获得了牛津大学的奖学金，在牛津大学，他在跑道上的非凡速度很快就赢得了体育媒体的关注和认可。A. effort努力；B. interest兴趣；C. courage勇气；D. attention注意力。根据后文“awarded a scholarship”可知，他在学术上付出了努力。故选A。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，由于他在学术上的努力，Bannister获得了牛津大学的奖学金，在牛津大学，他在跑道上的非凡速度很快就赢得了体育媒体的关注和认可。A. support支持；B. permission允许；C. recognition认可；D. guidance指导。根据上文“his exceptional speed on the track soon earned him the attention and”可知，班尼斯特的出色表现赢得了体育媒体的关注和认可。故选C。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：令人惊讶的是，他拒绝参加1948年伦敦奥运会，更愿意专注于训练和医学研究。A. declined拒绝；B. planned计划；C. decided决定；D. promised承诺。根据后文“preferring to focus on his”可知，他更愿意专注于训练和医学研究，拒绝参加1948年伦敦奥运会，故选A。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：令人惊讶的是，他拒绝参加1948年伦敦奥运会，更愿意专注于训练和医学研究。A. family家庭；B. training训练；C. profession专业；D. competition比赛。根据上文“to compete in the 1948 Olympics”可知，他不想去参加比赛，说明想更专注于训练。故选B。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：到1951年，Bannister赢得了英国一英里赛跑的冠军，并为参加奥运会做好了准备。A. cool凉爽的；B. proud骄傲的；C. ready准备好的；D. afraid害怕的。根据上文“Bannister had won the British championship in the mile”可知，他为参加奥运会做好了准备。故选C。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，在最后一刻，赛程的改变迫使他在比赛中没有休息，他在1952年奥运会的1500米比赛中仅获得第四名。A. forced迫使；B. allowed允许；C. expected期待；D. encouraged鼓励。根据上文“a last-minute change in the schedule”可知，没有休息是因为赛程的改变迫使的。故选A。 【30题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：为了打破4分钟跑完一英里的障碍，Bannister每天从全日制医学学习中抽出45分钟进行训练。A. take in理解；B. set aside留出；C. carry away夺走；D. get through完成。根据后文“45 minutes every day from his full-time medical studies for training”指他留出45分钟进行训练。故选B。 【31题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：1954年5月6日，在牛津，他的努力最终得到了回报。A. initially最初；B. actually实际上；C. definitely肯定地；D. eventually最终。根据后文“At age 25, Bannister made history, crossing the finish line at 3: 59.4.”可知，他经过努力训练，最终取得了成功。故选D。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当报幕员读出时间：“3……”时，其余的声音被欢呼的人群淹没了。A. favored帮助；B. attracted吸引；C. drowned淹没，溺水；D. confirmed确认。根据后文“by the cheering crowd”可知，报幕员的声音被欢呼的人群淹没了。故选C。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在接下来著名的“世纪一英里”比赛中，Bannister以3分58秒8的成绩击败了澳大利亚选手John Landy，其成绩是3分59秒6，两人都不到4分钟。A. inspected检查；B. defeated击败；C. overlooked忽视；D. approached靠近。根据后文“of 3: 58.8 to Landy’s 3: 59.6”可知，Bannister以3分58秒8的成绩击败了澳大利亚选手John Landy。故选B。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Bannister对学术医学的贡献同样卓越，但他的四分钟一英里精神不仅鼓舞了我们这个时代的人，也鼓舞了过去和以后的人。A. promise承诺；B. attitude态度；C. contribution贡献；D. viewpoint观点。根据后文“to academic medicine is equally remarkable”可知，Bannister对学术医学的贡献同样卓越。故选C。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Bannister对学术医学的贡献同样卓越，但他的四分钟一英里精神不仅鼓舞了我们这个时代的人，也鼓舞了过去和以后的人。A. controversial有争议的；B. considerate体贴的；C. aggressive好斗的；D. inspirational启发灵感的。根据前文“his spirit”可知，Bannister精神鼓舞了我们这个时代的人，也鼓舞了过去和以后的人。故选D。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Imagine walking through a busy market in Guangzhou, the air filled with the smell of freshly steamed dim sum. This is the heart of Cantonese cuisine, a culinary (烹饪的) tradition that ___36___(develop) over centuries and celebrated for its charm and flavor. Cantonese cuisine highly ___37___(value) fresh ingredients (食材) and simple cooking methods.___38___(cook) in Guangdong believe that the natural flavors of the ingredients should shine through. This philosophy is why steaming is ___39___ common cooking method in Cantonese kitchens. Steaming effectively preserves the natural taste of food, ___40___ it’s fish, vegetables, or delicate dumplings. Another defining feature of Cantonese cuisine is its remarkable variety. The Guangdong province is blessed with a(n) ___41___ (incredible) diverse landscape, from productive plains to coastal waters, ___42___(provide) a wide range of ingredients. Seafood, in particular, plays a significant role in Cantonese cooking. Dishes like steamed fish with ginger and onion showcase the region’s wealth of fresh, high quality seafood. Cantonese cuisine is also known for its careful ___43___(prepare) and presentation. Chefs spend years perfecting their craft, learning the delicate balance of flavors and the art, of visual appeal. The emphasis on aesthetics (美学) is evident in dishes like Crispy Roast Goose, in ___44___ the skin and meat are artfully arranged ____45____ (please) both the eye and the taste buds. 【答案】36. has been developed 37. values 38. Cooks 39. a 40. whether 41. incredibly 42. providing 43. preparation 44. which 45. to please 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了粤菜的特色，包括其发展历程、对食材和烹饪方法的重视、食材的多样性以及菜品的精心准备和呈现。 【36题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：这是粤菜的核心，一种历经数百年发展起来并以其魅力和风味而闻名的烹饪传统。空白处在句子中作谓语，根据时间状语“over centuries”可知，本句表示的是过去发生的动作对现在的影响，celebrate与主语a culinary tradition之间是被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语是单数，助动词使用has。故填has been developed。 【37题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：粤菜非常重视新鲜食材和简单的烹饪方法。句子陈述目前事实，应用一般现在时，主语Cantonese cuisine为单数第三人称，谓语动词使用单数第三人称形式。故填values。 【38题详解】 考查名词。句意：广东的厨师们认为食材的天然风味应该得以展现。根据下文“believe that the natural flavors of the ingredients should shine through(认为食材的天然风味应该得以展现)”可知，此处指“厨师们”，应用名词复数形式，首字母需大写。故填Cooks。 【39题详解】 考查冠词。句意：这种理念就是为什么蒸是粤菜厨房中一种常见的烹饪方法的原因。此处表示泛指“一种常见的烹饪方法”，且common是以辅音音素开头的单词，应用不定冠词a。故填a。 【40题详解】 考查固定句型。句意：蒸能有效地保留食物的天然味道，无论是鱼、蔬菜还是精致的饺子。“whether...or...”是固定短句型，表示“无论……还是……”。故填whether。 【41题详解】 考查副词。句意：广东省拥有令人难以置信的多样地貌。此处修饰形容词diverse，应用副词incredibly“难以置信地”，作状语。故填incredibly。 【42题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：从富饶的平原到沿海水域，提供了各种各样的食材。landscape和provide之间是逻辑主谓关系，所应用现在分词，作状语。故填providing。 【43题详解】 考查名词。句意：粤菜也因其精心的准备和呈现而闻名。此处作介词for的宾语，应用名词preparation“准备”，不可数名词。故填preparation。 【44题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：在脆皮烧鹅等菜肴中，这种对美学的强调是显而易见的，在这道菜中，鹅皮和鹅肉被巧妙地摆盘以取悦味蕾和眼睛。此处引导非限定性定语从句，先行词是Crispy Roast Goose，指物，关系词在从句中作介词in的宾语，应用关系代词which。故填which。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在脆皮烧鹅等菜肴中，这种对美学的强调是显而易见的，在这道菜中，鹅皮和鹅肉被巧妙地摆盘以取悦味蕾和眼睛。此处作目的状语，应用动词不定式。故填to please。 Ⅲ．单词拼写（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 请根据句子上下文，用所给中文的单词或所给英文单词的正确形式填空。（请使用选必三U2-5所学词汇填空） 46. This software automatically ______ the data every 5 minutes. (刷新) (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】refreshes 【解析】 【详解】考查动词、时态。句意：这个软件每 5 分钟自动刷新一次数据。根据汉语提示“刷新”，以及句子结构可知，此处应填谓语动词。主语This software 是第三人称单数，且句子描述的是一般事实，用一般现在时，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式refreshes。故填refreshes。 47. Military ______ requires soldiers to follow orders without question. (纪律) (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】discipline 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：军事纪律要求士兵毫无质疑地服从命令。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用名词discipline，作主语，表示抽象概念，为不可数名词。故填discipline。 48. The interior designer created a ______ blend of traditional and modern styles. (和谐的) (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】harmonious 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：室内设计师创造了一种传统与现代风格的和谐融合。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用形容词harmonious，修饰名词blend，作定语。故填harmonious。 49. He could face one month in prison or a ______ if he is found guilty. (罚款) (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】fine 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：如果他被判定有罪，他可能面临一个月的监禁或罚款。“罚款”作宾语，用名词fine，有不定冠词a修饰，用单数形式。故填fine。 50. She checks her emails ______ throughout the workday. (频繁地) (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】frequently 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：她在工作日期间频繁地查看她的电子邮件。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用副词frequently，修饰谓语checks，作状语。故填frequently。 51. The teams returned to their ______ classrooms after the assembly. (各自的) (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】respective 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：集会结束后，各队回到了他们各自的教室。“各自的”修饰名词classrooms，用形容词respective作定语，符合句意。故填respective。 52. The ______ winter storm left thousands without power. (残酷的) (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】brutal 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这场残酷的冬季风暴导致数千人断电。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用形容词brutal，修饰名词词组winter storm，作定语。故填brutal。 53. His promotion aroused much ______ among his colleagues. (嫉妒) (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】jealousy 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：他的晋升在同事中引起了很多嫉妒。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用名词jealousy，是不可数名词，作宾语。故填jealousy。 54. All ______ must submit their applications by Friday. (候选人) (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】candidates 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：所有候选人必须在周五前提交他们的申请。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用名词candidate，可数名词，作主语，空前有All，应用复数形式。故填candidates。 55. The journalist worked late to meet the ______ for the breaking news. (截止日期) (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】deadline 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：这位记者工作到很晚，以便赶上这条突发新闻的截止日期。“截止日期”作宾语，用名词deadline，特指“这条突发新闻的截止日期”，用单数形式。故填deadline。 Ⅳ．写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 填空（共两段；每空0.5分，满分15分） （1） 短文填空 A ____56____ initiative was started, with a number of measures that addressed the issues. The construction of waste water treatment ____57____ improved the water quality and water ____58____ . The collection and transport of ____59____ waste was also improved. Dozens of polluting enterprises were closed or moved. The local government set up strict ____60____ regarding further industrial development. New rules were also introduced regarding tour boat routes and garbage ____61____ methods. Furthermore, the local ____62____ began to use the ____63____ to spread environmental ____64____ and encourage greater use of clean ____65____. At the same time, they started to carry out inspections ____66____ and fine tourist organisations for ____67____. With these measures, it is ____68____ that the beauty of the Li River will be ____69____ for ____70____ to come. 【答案】56. comprehensive 57. facilities 58. conservation 59. household 60. regulations 61. disposal 62. authorities 63. media 64. awareness 65. energy 66. regularly 67. abuses 68. believed 69. preserved 70. generations 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了为解决相关问题启动的一项综合举措，包括建设污水处理设施、规范工业发展等措施，相信漓江美景将得到保护。 【56题详解】 考查形容词。句意：一项综合举措启动了，采取了一系列解决这些问题的措施。修饰名词initiative要用形容词，根据“a number of measures that addressed the issues”可知，这是一个全面的举措，形容词comprehensive意为“综合的，全面的”，符合语境。故填comprehensive。 【57题详解】 考查名词。句意：污水处理设施的建设改善了水质和水资源保护。根据语境可知这里指污水处理的设施，facility是可数名词，这里要用复数形式表示泛指。故填facilities。 【58题详解】 考查名词。句意：污水处理设施的建设改善了水质和水资源保护。and连接并列的成分，前面是water quality，这里应填名词，conservation意为“保护”，water conservation表示“水资源保护”，符合语境。故填conservation。 【59题详解】 考查形容词。句意：家庭垃圾的收集和运输也得到了改善。修饰名词waste要用形容词，household意为“家庭的”，household waste表示“家庭垃圾”，符合语境。故填household。 【60题详解】 考查名词。句意：当地政府制定了关于进一步工业发展的严格规定。根据句意，用动词短语set up regulations，意为“制定规定”，这里要用复数形式。故填regulations。 【61题详解】 考查名词。句意：关于游船路线和垃圾处理方法也出台了新规定。根据语境可知这里指垃圾处理，名词disposal意为“处理”，garbage disposal表示“垃圾处理”。故填disposal。 【62题详解】 考查名词。句意：此外，当地当局开始利用媒体传播环保意识，鼓励更多地使用清洁能源。根据语境可知这里指当地政府部门，用名词authority，意为“当局，官方”，常用复数形式authorities。故填authorities。 【63题详解】 考查名词。句意：此外，当地当局开始利用媒体传播环保意识，鼓励更多地使用清洁能源。根据“to spread environmental... ”可知是利用媒体，media意为“媒体”。故填media。 【64题详解】 考查名词。句意：此外，当地当局开始利用媒体传播环保意识，鼓励更多地使用清洁能源。spread后面接名词，awareness意为“意识”，environmental awareness表示“环保意识”，符合语境。故填awareness。 【65题详解】 考查名词。句意：此外，当地当局开始利用媒体传播环保意识，鼓励更多地使用清洁能源。根据语境可知是鼓励使用清洁能源，energy意为“能源”，clean energy表示“清洁能源”，符合语境。故填energy。 【66题详解】 考查副词。句意：与此同时，他们开始定期进行检查，并对旅游机构的违规行为进行罚款。修饰动词短语carry out要用副词，根据句意，表示“定期地，有规律地”，用副词regularly作状语。故填regularly。 【67题详解】 考查名词。句意：与此同时，他们开始定期进行检查，并对旅游机构的违规行为进行罚款。for后面接名词，abuse意为“滥用，违规行为”，符合语境，用复数形式表泛指。故填abuses。 【68题详解】 考查固定句型。句意：有了这些措施，人们相信漓江的美景将为后代所保留。It is believed that...是固定句型，意为“人们相信……”。故填believed。 【69题详解】 考查动词的语态。句意：有了这些措施，人们相信漓江的美景将为后代所保留。根据语境可知美景是被保留，preserve意为“保护，保留”，这里要用被动语态，be+过去分词。故填preserved。 【70题详解】 考查名词。句意：有了这些措施，人们相信漓江的美景将为后代所保留。for generations to come表示“为了后代”，符合语境。故填generations。 （2） 短文填空 Dear Dora, I’m ____71____ to share with you an exciting ____72____ I had last Friday. The whole class were ____73____ to watch the “Chinese Poetry ____74____”, one of the ____75____ poetry-themed TV programs in China. The program ____76____ contestants reciting and interpreting classic Chinese poems. It’s a ____77____ mix of culture, knowledge and ____78____. Each ____79____ showcases the beauty of Chinese language and ____80____. I was deeply ____81____ by the contestants’ profound knowledge and ____82____ ____83____ poetry. It made me ____84____ my culture more. I think you’d love it too if you had a ____85____ to watch it. Yours, Li Hua 【答案】71. delighted 72. experience 73. allowed 74. Competition 75. most popular 76. features 77. wonderful 78. entertainment 79. episode 80. culture 81. impressed 82. love 83. for 84. appreciate 85. chance 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，是李华写给多拉的信，信中分享了上周五全班观看《中国诗词大会》的经历，表达了对节目和自身文化的喜爱。 【71题详解】 考查形容词。句意：我很高兴能和你分享我上周五的一次激动人心的经历。“be + 形容词 + to do sth.”是常见结构，结合语境这里表达“高兴的”，用形容词delighted作表语，符合句意。故填delighted。 【72题详解】 考查名词。句意：我很高兴能和你分享我上周五的一次激动人心的经历。不定冠词“an”提示此处要用可数名词单数，结合后文内容可知是一次“经历”，用名词experience作宾语。故填experience。 【73题详解】 考查动词和语态。句意：全班都被允许观看《中国诗词大会》。根据句意，这里表达“被允许”，用过去分词allowed构成一般过去时的被动语态were allowed。故填allowed。 【74题详解】 考查名词。句意：全班都被允许观看《中国诗词大会》。根据常识可知是《中国诗词大会》，用名词competition，意为“竞赛、大会”；专有名词首字大写。故填Competition。 【75题详解】 考查形容词最高级。句意：它是中国最受欢迎的诗词主题电视节目之一。“one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数”表示“最……之一”，结合句意，表示“最受欢迎的”，用形容词popular的最高级形式most popular。故填most popular。 【76题详解】 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：这个节目展示了参赛者背诵和解读中国古典诗词的情景。句子缺少谓语动词，结合句意，用动词features，意为“展示、以……为特色”，描述客观事实用一般现在时态，主语“The program”是单数名词，谓语动词用单数形式。故填features。 【77题详解】 考查形容词。句意：它是文化、知识和娱乐的绝妙融合。修饰名词“mix”要用形容词，结合句意，表示“绝妙的、精彩的”，用形容词wonderful。故填wonderful。 【78题详解】 考查名词。句意：它是文化、知识和娱乐的绝妙融合。根据句意，表示“娱乐”，用名词entertainment作并列宾语，不可数名词。故填entertainment。 【79题详解】 考查名词。句意：每一集都展示了汉语言和文化的美。“each”后接可数名词单数，结合句意，表示“一集、一期”，用名词episode。故填episode。 【80题详解】 考查名词。句意：每一集都展示了汉语言和文化的美。结合前文提到诗词可知，这里说展示汉语言和“文化”的美，用名词culture作并列宾语，不可数名词。故填culture。 【81题详解】 考查语态。句意：我被参赛者对诗词的渊博知识和热爱深深打动。根据句意，表示“被……所……打动”，用过去分词impressed构成一般过去时的被动语态was impressed。故填impressed。 【82题详解】 考查名词所有格。句意：我被参赛者对诗词的渊博知识和热爱深深打动。根据句意，表示“对诗词的热爱”，用名词love。故填love。 【83题详解】 考查介词。句意：我被参赛者对诗词的渊博知识和热爱深深打动。“对……的热爱”用love for，for是介词。故填for。 【84题详解】 考查动词。句意：这让我更加欣赏我的文化。根据句意，表示“欣赏”用动词appreciate，“make sb. do sth.”是固定搭配，用动词原形作宾语补足语。故填appreciate。 【85题详解】 考查名词。句意：我想如果你有机会观看，你也会喜欢它的。根据句意，表示“机会”，用名词chance作宾语；have a chance to do sth.“有机会做某事”。故填chance。 第二节（满分25分） 86. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I was always the kind of person who tried hard to please everyone around me. Whether it was my classmates, teachers, or family members, I went out of my way to make them happy. I would agree to do things I didn’t really want to do, like lending my favorite books that I was still reading to classmates who asked, or sacrificing my own study time to help others with their homework. One day, my classmate Lily asked me to help her with a difficult math project. The project was due in a week, and it was going to take up a lot of my time. I had my own study plans and a big English test was around the corner, but I couldn’t bring myself to say no. So, I started spending hours every day helping Lily. We worked on the math problems, did research, and prepared the presentation together. As the days passed, I was getting more and more stressed. I was constantly tired from staying up late to study for my English test after helping Lily. On the day of the English test, I was so sleepy and unfocused that I made a lot of silly mistakes. When the results came out, I got a much lower grade than I had expected. I was devastated (崩溃的). Lily, on the other hand, got a great grade on the math project and was very happy. She thanked me, but I didn’t feel the slightest bit of joy. Instead, I felt a sense of resentment (怨恨) building up inside me. I realized that I had put my own needs aside for so long to please others, and it had finally had a negative effect on me. That evening, I sat in my room, thinking about what had happened. I was tired of always being the one to give in and sacrifice for others. I decided that things had to change. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题纸相应位置作答。 The next day at school, another classmate, Tom, came to me with a request. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ After firmly saying no to Tom, I felt a strange mix of nervousness and relief. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Paragraph 1: The next day at school, another classmate, Tom, came to me with a request. He wanted me to join his group for a history project, which would require a significant amount of my free time. Just a few days ago, I would have immediately said yes without hesitation. But this time, looking at Tom’s expectant face, I summoned up my courage and said, “Tom, I really appreciate you asking me, but I have my own study schedule and personal things to take care of. I’m afraid I can’t join your group.” Tom looked a bit surprised. He tried to persuade me, saying that my ideas would be really helpful for the project. However, I stood my ground and politely declined again. Paragraph 2: After firmly saying no to Tom, I felt a strange mix of nervousness and relief. I was nervous because I was worried that Tom might be angry with me or that other classmates would think I was selfish. But at the same time, there was a huge sense of relief. I realized that it was okay to prioritize my own needs. To my surprise, a few days later, Tom came to me again. He said that although he was a bit disappointed at first, he understood my decision. He even thanked me for being honest with him. From then on, I continued to be true to myself. I still helped others when I could, but I no longer over-committed. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，本文讲述的是作者之前一直是一个喜欢让别人开心的人，尽管自己不愿意，也会答应别人的请求，这种取悦别人的行为给作者带来了很大的困扰。最终作者决定改变自己，重新做回自己。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“第二天在学校，另一个同学Tom向我提出了一个要求。”可知，第一段可描写Tom向作者寻求帮助，作者因前一天拒绝Lily的求助已想好要拒绝Tom的请求，写作者拒绝Tom的请求，并说服Tom的理由。 ②由第二段首句内容“在坚定地拒绝了汤姆之后，我感到一种奇怪的既紧张又宽慰的感觉。”可知，第二段可描写作者在拒绝别人之后的感觉以及作者的醒悟：应该把自己放在第一位。 2.续写线索：Tom寻求帮助——作者拒绝——Tom说服作者，遭受再次拒绝——作者感到紧张和宽慰——要优先考虑自己——Tom理解我——作者做真实的自己 3.词汇激活 行为类 ① 需要：require/need/call for ② 意识到：realize/be aware of/be conscious of ③ 理解：understood/comprehended 情绪类 ① 感激：appreciate/be thankful to/show gratitude to ② 吃惊：surprise/astonishment/amazement 【点睛】[高分句型1]. He wanted me to join his group for a history project, which would require a significant amount of my free time.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） [高分句型2]. He tried to persuade me, saying that my ideas would be really helpful for the project.（运用了现在分词作伴随状语） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 广东实验中学越秀学校2024-2025学年（下）期中考试题 高二年级英语 本试卷共8页，满分130分，考试用时120分钟。 Ⅰ．阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Are you interested in how marine (海洋的) ecosystems work? Do you want to know more about marine animals? Bowling Green State University (BGSU) has one of the few camps in the Midwest where high school students can explore life at sea! Camp Dates: June 8-13、2025 What kinds of activities do campers get to do? ·Field trips to locations around Northwest Ohio to examine marine life and environments ·Hands-on activities to practice specimen (标本) collection procedures ·Design and run an experiment in our research lab ·Behind-the-scenes trip to the Toledo Zoo to learn about marine animals ·Meet professionals to learn what it means to be a marine scientist What does the cost cover? The BGSU Marine Biology camp will offer both residential and non-residential options. The cost of the non-residential program is $850, with an additional $400 fee for the residential option. The total program cost covers room and board, all materials for labs and activities as well as transportation for field trips. A 10% discount is available for early admission. Application Requirements ·Letter of recommendation ·Complete the online form ·Complete responses to short-answer questions Note: Answers to questions provided by anyone other than that applicant will disqualify the application. Application Deadlines ·March 2, 2025 — To be considered for early admission. Applicants will be informed by March 14. ·April 25. 2025 — General Application Deadline. Note: All spaces may fill after selection from the early admission deadline. 1. What does the camp offer? A. Sample gathering practice. B. Field trips to nature museums. C. Research lab membership. D. Lectures on marine knowledge. 2. What is the early admission cost for the residential option? A. $400. B. $765. C. $1,125. D. $1,250. 3. Which of the following will result in an applicant’s disqualification? A. Forgetting to confirm admission. B. Providing responses given by others. C. Missing the early application deadline. D. Failing to recommend other applicants. B It was our last class before the summer break. I was finishing the first year of an MFA program. I was tired and puzzled. “Was I good enough to be in the program?” When the professor asked about our summer plans, I panicked. I didn’t want to appear idle (无所事事的). “Gardening,” I responded immediately. Actually, I knew nothing about plants! My professor nodded and said, “What a good idea, Mary! Emily Dickinson loved gardening.” Emily Dickinson lived in the countryside, studying plants as a child. I was in my late twenties, living in the city without gardening experience. A few days later, I bought a jalapeño seedling (青辣椒苗). At least I could say I’d tried gardening. I watered and changed the dirt for my little plant. I even talked to it. And over the summer, it grew bigger and bigger. I was proud. Maybe I didn’t have a black thumb after all. I started the second year of my MFA, and then it was almost December and my jalapeño was suffering. It was brown in some places, and many of its leaves had fallen. Would my little guy make it? I prayed, “Please be okay,” as if its survival was closely linked to mine. I worked hard in school. Spring came. My jalapeño plant came back to life. It grew bigger with new leaves. And then it flowered. I handed in my graduate paper, a book of poems, in May. “Your poems are strong,” my professor said. A huge weight lifted. I’d done it! At that time, I found the flowers on my jalapeño plant were gone. I watched closer. A tiny green fruit pushed through where a flower had been. I smiled. I had succeeded in my MFA program, and my jalapeño plant had grown right beside me, and I successfully did things I hadn’t thought possible. 4. Why did the author begin gardening? A. Just by accident. B. Because of the love of gardening. C. To express love for Emily Dickinson. D. Because of the reminding of a professor. 5. When did the author begin her first gardening? A. In her childhood. B. In one of her summer breaks. C. In her teens. D. In her first year of the MFA program. 6. What does the underlined phrase “a black thumb” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A. A talent for growing plants well. B. A dirty finger to touch plants. C. A good fortune to do everything. D. The inability to do gardening. 7. Which proverb can best describe the story? A. Nothing is impossible to a willing heart. B. Easier said than done. C. It’s never too old to learn. D. Do not teach fish to swim. C Honeybees have a difficult task. First, they have to find food. Then they have to return to the hive to tell other bees where to find it. The bees have to fly back and forth between the hive and their food over and over again. Also they need to deal with whatever obstacles lie along their flight paths. “Honeybees face a lot of challenges in choosing efficient ways through dense environments and we basically want to study how they choose the safest and least energy-consuming routes.” said Marielle Ong, a researcher at the University of Queensland in Australia. To track the insects’ navigation, she and her team set up tiny obstacle courses for more than a hundred honeybees. Along the way, the bees were forced to fly through one or the other of two openings of different sizes. As a group, the bees usually flew through the wider opening, which makes sense - fewer chances of slamming their tiny bee bodies into a wall. But things got more interesting when Ong looked at the decisions made by individual bees, one by one. “We found that 55 percent had no biases, and the rest of the 45 percent was a split between left-handed bees and right-handed bees.” In other words, some honeybees have a sidedness. They obviously don’t have hands, but let’s say they’re either right-handed or left-handed. So, for example, a right-handed bee would prefer to navigate the overcrowded right-side opening in the obstacle than go through the left-side hole, even though it was larger and safer. Sometimes, bees with a sidedness would even land and walk through the smaller opening so that they could use their preferred side. These biases apparently help the members of large swarms (群) navigate through a complex environment without crashing into each other. If all bees were right-handed, it would take a long time for the entire group to pass through a small opening, such as a hive entrance. But by having a range of side biases, the entire swarm can move more quickly when it encounters an obstacle. Ong thinks that one day engineers could apply this finding. They could design robotic drone swarms to pass obstacles more efficiently. They could even program self-driving cars to operate less like a chaotic group of humans and more like an orderly group of honeybees. 8. What method did researchers use to study honeybee navigation? d A. Observing bees in natural hives. B. Creating small challenge routes. C. Tracking bees using GPS devices. D. Analyzing bee communication dances. 9. What did researchers discover about individual honeybees’ preferences? A. Bees preferred larger and safer openings. B. Bees landed and walked through obstacles. C. Bees displayed left-or right-side preferences. D. Bees avoided flying through small openings altogether. 10. What is the benefit of sidedness in honeybee swarms? A. Bees navigate without colliding with one another. B. Bees choose larger openings when facing obstacles. C. Bees take more time passing through small openings. D. Bees slow down and land to pass through smaller holes. 11. What does the author imply in the last paragraph? A. Robotic systems are already as orderly as honeybee swarms. B. Side biases in bees prevent swarm movement through small openings. C. Engineers could use honeybee behaviors to design chaotic swarm systems. D. Honeybee navigation strategies could improve drone and vehicle efficiency. D Human intelligence, particularly the ability to concentrate, varies and is crucial for work performance and creativity. It also helps older adults prevent accidents like falls, improving their quality of life. However, measuring concentration is challenging, and its relationship with age is not well understood. Psychologists from Trinity College Dublin developed a computer game to quantify attention and investigate the factors influencing concentration. The study included 34 young adults and 34 seniors. Despite similar scores, their strategies were notably different. Young adults, with a 45% distraction rate, relied on quick reactions and mental flexibility. In contrast, seniors, with a 27% distraction rate, demonstrated higher concentration, using self-discipline to achieve comparable scores. These findings, published in “Psychology and Aging”, showing that older adults can make up for a decline in overall intelligence with other cognitive (认知) strengths. The study also highlighted the importance of neural (神经) connections in intelligence. Younger individuals have stronger and extensive neural connections, contributing to their quick reactions and distractibility. To investigate how older adults can maintain these connections, Kaitlin Casaletto, a neurobiologist at UCSF, focused on “presynaptic proteins” around synapses (染色体突触), which are vital for synaptic connection quality. Dr. Casaletto co-operated with the University of Chicago to analyze brain tissue samples from 404 elderly volunteers. The study found that regular exercisers had higher levels of presynaptic proteins, indicating stronger synaptic connections. This difference was observed in various brain areas associated with cognitive function, not just the hippocampus, which is linked to memory. The findings, published in “Alzheimer’s & Dementia,” provide structural evidence that exercise can slow cognitive decline in older adults. This supports the idea that increased physical activity can help delay cognitive aging, offering scientists more confidence in the role of exercise in maintaining cognitive health. The research emphasizes the potential for older adults to preserve their cognitive abilities through lifestyle choices, such as regular physical activity, which can have a significant impact on their neural connections and overall cognitive function. 12. Why did the psychologists develop the computer game? A. To train young adults to improve their mental flexibility. B. To show the importance of maintaining cognitive health. C. To find out factors affecting concentration across age groups. D. To compare the distraction rate for young adults and seniors 13. How did older adults achieve similar scores to young adults? A. By a strong sense of regulation. B. By relying on faster reaction times. C. By having better mental flexibility. D. By increasing overall intelligence. 14. What do the presynaptic proteins do in the study? A. They are associated with a higher distraction rate. B. They are linked to the overall memory of the elders. C. They are responsible for muscle strength in older adults. D. They are crucial for the quality of synaptic connections. 15. What is the passage mainly about? A. The role of exercise in slowing cognitive decline in older adults. B. The challenges of measuring concentration and its relationship with age. C. The differences in concentration strategies between young and old adults. D. The neural connections and their impact on cognitive strengths in older adults. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 A recent study suggests that reading paper books does make you smarter.While all reading benefits the brain,particularly at a young age,physical books offer the most advantages.Students who read paper books scored approximately 2.5 years ahead of those who didn’t read,whereas digital readers scored just under a year ahead ____16____ A previous study has consistently shown that reading comprehension is better with paper books compared to digital reading. ____17____Even in areas where digital reading is more common,students who read paper books demonstrate a better understanding of the material. One reason for this is that reading on paper comes with fewer distractions(干扰) .Digital platforms often distract readers with games or videos. ____18____Additionally,the absence of blue light in physical books prevents potential harm to readers’ eyes and aids in better sleep.The brain activity involved in reading a paper book helps the mind wind down,avoiding blue light that can interrupt the circadian rhythm (生物钟). ____19____Children surrounded by books are encouraged to read and discuss what they learn,developing a habit of engaged learning and achieving greater success.While digital books have made reading more accessible to disadvantaged students,they do not replace the unique benefits of physical books.However,since physical copies can be more expensive and harder to find,digital reading remains a valuable alternative. It’s true that paper books have clear advantages. ____20____So,regardless of how you choose to read,know that any book is better than none. A. Paper books, on the contrary, keep readers focused. B. Unfortunately, the same cannot be said for digital books. C. This differenee of more than a year and a half is significant. D. Digital reading, on the other hand, is far better than not reading at all. E. Consider adding books to your physical library, rather than digital ones. F. The new one further confirms the long-term benefits for physical book readers. G. Moreover, people with more books at home are typically higher academic achievers. Ⅱ．语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Roger Bannister, born in Harrow, London, early showed a talent for running. University education was beyond the ____21____ of his working-class parents, but he was ____22____ to secure a place at one of England’s top universities and pursue a career in ____23____. Luckily, owing to his academic ____24____, Bannister was awarded a scholarship by Oxford University, where his exceptional speed on the track soon earned him the attention and ____25____ from the sports media. Surprisingly, he ____26____ to compete in the 1948 Olympics in London, preferring to focus on his ____27____ and his medical studies. By 1951, Bannister had won the British championship in the mile and felt ____28____ for Olympic competition. Unfortunately, a last-minute change in the schedule ____29____ him to compete without resting between events and he finished just fourth in the 1500-meter race at the 1952 Olympics. To break the four-minute mile barrier, Bannister _____30_____ 45 minutes every day from his full-time medical studies for training. On May 6, 1954, at Oxford, his efforts _____31_____ paid off. At age 25, Bannister made history, crossing the finish line at 3: 59.4. When the announcer read out the time: “3…”, the rest was _____32_____ by the cheering crowd. In the following famous “Mile of the Century” race, Bannister _____33_____ Australian runner John Landy with a time of 3: 58.8 to Landy’s 3: 59. 6, both under four minutes. In 1955, Bannister’s autobiography, First Four Minutes, came out. Bannister’s _____34_____ to academic medicine is equally remarkable, but his spirit of the four-minute mile is _____35_____ to not only people of our era, but to before and after. 21. A. hope B. control C. sight D. reach 22. A. excited B. determined C. satisfied D. surprised 23. A. literature B. biology C. history D. medicine 24. A. effort B. interest C. courage D. attention 25. A. support B. permission C. recognition D. guidance 26. A. declined B. planned C. decided D. promised 27. A. family B. training C. profession D. competition 28. A. cool B. proud C. ready D. afraid 29. A. forced B. allowed C. expected D. encouraged 30. A. take in B. set aside C. carry away D. get through 31. A. initially B. actually C. definitely D. eventually 32. A. favored B. attracted C. drowned D. confirmed 33. A. inspected B. defeated C. overlooked D. approached 34. A. promise B. attitude C. contribution D. viewpoint 35. A. controversial B. considerate C. aggressive D. inspirational 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Imagine walking through a busy market in Guangzhou, the air filled with the smell of freshly steamed dim sum. This is the heart of Cantonese cuisine, a culinary (烹饪的) tradition that ___36___(develop) over centuries and celebrated for its charm and flavor. Cantonese cuisine highly ___37___(value) fresh ingredients (食材) and simple cooking methods.___38___(cook) in Guangdong believe that the natural flavors of the ingredients should shine through. This philosophy is why steaming is ___39___ common cooking method in Cantonese kitchens. Steaming effectively preserves the natural taste of food, ___40___ it’s fish, vegetables, or delicate dumplings. Another defining feature of Cantonese cuisine is its remarkable variety. The Guangdong province is blessed with a(n) ___41___ (incredible) diverse landscape, from productive plains to coastal waters, ___42___(provide) a wide range of ingredients. Seafood, in particular, plays a significant role in Cantonese cooking. Dishes like steamed fish with ginger and onion showcase the region’s wealth of fresh, high quality seafood. Cantonese cuisine is also known for its careful ___43___(prepare) and presentation. Chefs spend years perfecting their craft, learning the delicate balance of flavors and the art, of visual appeal. The emphasis on aesthetics (美学) is evident in dishes like Crispy Roast Goose, in ___44___ the skin and meat are artfully arranged ____45____ (please) both the eye and the taste buds. Ⅲ．单词拼写（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 请根据句子上下文，用所给中文的单词或所给英文单词的正确形式填空。（请使用选必三U2-5所学词汇填空） 46. This software automatically ______ the data every 5 minutes. (刷新) (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 47. Military ______ requires soldiers to follow orders without question. (纪律) (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 48. The interior designer created a ______ blend of traditional and modern styles. (和谐的) (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 49. He could face one month in prison or a ______ if he is found guilty. (罚款) (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 50. She checks her emails ______ throughout the workday. (频繁地) (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 51. The teams returned to their ______ classrooms after the assembly. (各自的) (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 52. The ______ winter storm left thousands without power. (残酷的) (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 53. His promotion aroused much ______ among his colleagues. (嫉妒) (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 54. All ______ must submit their applications by Friday. (候选人) (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 55. The journalist worked late to meet the ______ for the breaking news. (截止日期) (根据汉语提示单词拼写) Ⅳ．写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 填空（共两段；每空0.5分，满分15分） （1） 短文填空 A ____56____ initiative was started, with a number of measures that addressed the issues. The construction of waste water treatment ____57____ improved the water quality and water ____58____ . The collection and transport of ____59____ waste was also improved. Dozens of polluting enterprises were closed or moved. The local government set up strict ____60____ regarding further industrial development. New rules were also introduced regarding tour boat routes and garbage ____61____ methods. Furthermore, the local ____62____ began to use the ____63____ to spread environmental ____64____ and encourage greater use of clean ____65____. At the same time, they started to carry out inspections ____66____ and fine tourist organisations for ____67____. With these measures, it is ____68____ that the beauty of the Li River will be ____69____ for ____70____ to come. （2） 短文填空 Dear Dora, I’m ____71____ to share with you an exciting ____72____ I had last Friday. The whole class were ____73____ to watch the “Chinese Poetry ____74____”, one of the ____75____ poetry-themed TV programs in China. The program ____76____ contestants reciting and interpreting classic Chinese poems. It’s a ____77____ mix of culture, knowledge and ____78____. Each ____79____ showcases the beauty of Chinese language and ____80____. I was deeply ____81____ by the contestants’ profound knowledge and ____82____ ____83____ poetry. It made me ____84____ my culture more. I think you’d love it too if you had a ____85____ to watch it. Yours, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 86. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I was always the kind of person who tried hard to please everyone around me. Whether it was my classmates, teachers, or family members, I went out of my way to make them happy. I would agree to do things I didn’t really want to do, like lending my favorite books that I was still reading to classmates who asked, or sacrificing my own study time to help others with their homework. One day, my classmate Lily asked me to help her with a difficult math project. The project was due in a week, and it was going to take up a lot of my time. I had my own study plans and a big English test was around the corner, but I couldn’t bring myself to say no. So, I started spending hours every day helping Lily. We worked on the math problems, did research, and prepared the presentation together. As the days passed, I was getting more and more stressed. I was constantly tired from staying up late to study for my English test after helping Lily. On the day of the English test, I was so sleepy and unfocused that I made a lot of silly mistakes. When the results came out, I got a much lower grade than I had expected. I was devastated (崩溃的). Lily, on the other hand, got a great grade on the math project and was very happy. She thanked me, but I didn’t feel the slightest bit of joy. Instead, I felt a sense of resentment (怨恨) building up inside me. I realized that I had put my own needs aside for so long to please others, and it had finally had a negative effect on me. That evening, I sat in my room, thinking about what had happened. I was tired of always being the one to give in and sacrifice for others. I decided that things had to change. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题纸相应位置作答。 The next day at school, another classmate, Tom, came to me with a request. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ After firmly saying no to Tom, I felt a strange mix of nervousness and relief. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $