阅读理解--2024-2025学年牛津译林版八年级下册期末专项

1 / 19 阅读理解-牛津译林版八下期末专项（原卷版） Passage 1 One day in autumn Squire Gordon went on a long journey. John went with him and I pulled the cart (二轮车). The weather was rainy and windy. but we travelled happily until we came to the old wooden bridge. The man at the tollgate (收费处) told us the river was rising fast. "There's going to be a bad storm tonight," he said. We arrived in the town, but Squire Gordon's business took a long time. We didn't leave until late afternoon. The wind was blowing, making a terrible sound. Suddenly we heard a crack (爆裂声)，and a huge tree fell across the road in front of us. I stopped still. I was shaking with fear, but I did not turn round or run away. "We must go back to the crossing," said John, "and drive six miles to the wooden bridge." When we got there it was nearly dark. There was water on the middle of the bridge, but the Squire did not stop. As soon as my feet touched the bridge, I knew that something was wrong. I stopped dead. "Go on, Beauty," said the Squire. "There's something wrong, sir," said John. He got out and tried to lead (牵) me forward. "Come on, Beauty," he said. But I knew that the bridge was not safe. Just then the man saw us. "Hey there! Stop!" he cried. "What is it?" shouted the Squire. "The bridge is broken in the middle," he answered. "If you go on to it, you are all going to drown (淹死) in the river." "Thank God!" said the Squire. "Thank you, Beauty!" said John. We turned around and went along the road by the river. For a long time no one said anything. Then John said: "Black Beauty saved our 模块一 记叙文 Passage 1—Passage 8 模块二 说明文 Passage 9—Passage 15 模块一 记叙文 内容概览 2 / 19 lives. He knew the bridge was dangerous." When we returned home, the Squire told Mrs Gordon: "We are all safe, thanks to Black Beauty!" That night I had good food to eat and a comfortable bed of straw (稻草). And I was glad because I was very tired. - Adapted from Black Beauty 1. Why did Black Beauty shake with fear? A．Because he saw the river rising fast. B．Because he heard thunder. C．Because a huge tree fell in front of them. D．Because their cart crashed into the tree. 2. What does the underlined phrase stopped dead mean in English? A．was frozen B．pushed in C．died suddenly D．continued moving 3. Which of the following is the right order according to the passage? a. They didn't leave the town until late afternoon. b. John knew there was something wrong, but he still tried to lead Black Beauty forward. c. The man stopped them from crossing the broken bridge. d. They travelled happily until they came to the old wooden bridge. A．d-a-b-c B．c-b-a-d C．b-c-d-a D．a-d-c-b 4. From the passage, we learn that Black Beauty ______. A．was a person B．ate good food every day C．was lazy D．was brave and wise 5. What's the best title of the passage? A．A short journey B．A stormy day C．A terrible sound D．A comfortable life Passage 2 I was always busy and I was always learning how to do new things. My clothes were old and full of holes, so I made some new ones from animal skins. My new suit looked very strange, but it kept me dry. In my sixth year I made a small canoe(独木舟) because I wanted to sail around the island. The trip took longer and was more difficult than I thought. When I got to the other side of the island, I was very tired. I decided to stop and rest before going home. While I was lying on the beach, almost asleep, 3 / 19 I suddenly heard a voice behind me. "Robison Crusoe! Poor Robinson! Where are you?" At first I thought I was dreaming. I opened my eyes and looked round. ▲ My parrot Poll was sitting on the branch of a tree! "Poll!" I said. "How did you get here?" I held out my arm and he came and sat on it. He was very happy to see me. I wanted to catch some of the goats on the island and keep them for meat and milk. There were a lot of them, but they always ran away when they saw me and my dog. I thought for a long time about how to do it. Then one day I had an idea. I made some big holes in the ground and covered them with branches. When I went back to the woods the following day, I found several goats in the holes. I took them home and kept them near my house. At first they were frightened and they didn't let me take milk from them. But I gave them corn and fresh water every day and soon they stopped being afraid of me. With the milk I got from them, I was able to make butter and cheese. 1. Why did Robinson make a canoe? A．Because he wished to travel back home. B．Because he wanted to sail around the island. C．Because the old canoe was too small for him. D．Because he was bored and wanted to make new things. 2. Which of the following can be put in ▲ ? A．What a nice dream! B．How brave I was! C．What a surprise I had! D．How beautiful the beach was! 3. What does the underlined word "frightened" mean? A．afraid B．excited C．active D．bored 4. Which is the right order of what happened to Robinson in the passage? ①Robinson caught some goats. ②Robinson made his own clothes. ③Robinson went on a trip on the island. ④Robinson saw Poll again on the beach. A．①③④② B．②①④③ C．②③④① D．③④②① 5. What was Robinson like according to the passage? A．He was afraid of living alone. B．He was an animal-lover. C．He was good at cooking meals. D．He was able to get used to the changes. 4 / 19 Passage 3 Delia was a young pianist with a kind, generous nature. Her husband Joe was a young painter who is honest and hardworking. They lived in a small flat after they got married. Each of them was taking lessons - Joe with a famous art teacher, and Delia with a great pianist from Germany. They were the best teachers, so lessons were expensive, more than they could really afford, but... when you love your art, nothing is too much. And soon the money began to run out and they couldn't afford the lessons any more. Then one day Delia came home and told Joe that she had met a man. The man's daughter, Sally, wanted to learn the piano and he was going to pay her 50 dollars an hour. "Delia," Joe said, "I'd be much happier if you go on with your lessons." Delia said that it didn't matter. She said, "When I've earned some money, I'll start again. When you love your art, nothing is too much." But Joe decided that he was also going to stop his lessons and paint pictures and try to sell them. A few days later, Joe came home and proudly took 200 dollars from his pocket. Delia laughed and asked him where he'd got it from. "Aman from Vermont bought one of my paintings. And he wants to buy more!" So the two of them were happy for a while. They didn't have to worry anymore about finding the money to buy food and pay the bills. They missed their lessons, but that didn't seem to matter. Then, one day, Joe came home and saw that Delia's hand was covered in a bandage(绷带). He asked her what had happened and if she was all right. "Oh," said Delia. "My student, Sally asked me to make some coffee for her. So I did and I dropped the coffee and burned my hand. But she went straight to the medicine shop and got this bandage for me." Joe sat down and told Delia to sit down too. "Delia, what have you been doing the last two weeks?" he asked. She tried not to tell him, but then the tears began. "Oh Joe, I couldn't get students so I got a job as a waitress in a restaurant. And today I burned my hand with hot water. So I can't work any more. I'm sorry, Joe, but we'll still have money from the man in Vermont, won't we?" Joe looked at her. "There's no man in Vermont," he said. "I haven't sold any paintings. I've been working in a medicine shop, and today someone came from the restaurant to buy bandages fora woman who'd burned her hand. So when I saw you - well, I guessed." They both laughed. "So we've told each other lies," said Joe. "But when you love your art, ..." 5 / 19 Delia put her fingers to his lips. "No, Joe," she said. "When you love someone, nothing is too much." 1. Who does the underlined word "They" mean in the passage? A．The young couple Joe and Delia. B．The rich man and his daughter Sally. C．The art teacher and the German pianist. D．The man in Vermont and the waitress. 2. How did Joe feel when he heard Delia's decision in Paragraph 4? A．Worried. B．Excited. C．Interested. D．Happy. 3. Which is the correct order of the following? a. Joe took painting lessons and Delia took piano lessons. b. They decided to stop their lessons and earn some money. c. Their money ran out so that they couldn't afford the lessons. d. Delia and Joe told the truth to each other and laughed happily. e. Delia and Joe got married and lived in a small flat in New York. A．e-a-c-b-d B．a-e-c-b-d C．a-e-d-b-c D．e-d-a-c-b 4. Why did Joe and Delia both laughed after finding out the truth? A．They would go on with their lessons. B．They thought they did something interesting. C．They didn't have to worry about money. D．They told lies to care much about each other. 5. What does the writer want to tell us? A．The value of art. B．The power of love. C．The meaning of work. D．The importance of money. Passage 4 Cameron Oliver loves to care for the desert animals. He got the Abu Dhabi Award as a community hero for his contributions(贡献) to society. He was only 11 years old when he began his own campaign(运动) to save camels from eating plastic. "I found out that camels are eating rubbish people leave behind and it's killing them," says the South African boy. "I love animals, so when I saw how the camels were dying, I thought I must do something to save them."He was excited about getting this award. He said, "My life changed after I got the award because it opened a lot of doors for me. I am able to do a lot more for my campaign." "I just want to make it clear that the campaign is all about the camels, not me. Although I got the award, I still have a lot to do. I believe that the campaign will grow bigger and better from here." ______, he is putting up posters at shopping malls and asking taxi drivers to place bumper stickers(车 6 / 19 尾贴) on their cars. Cameron said, "Earlier, I only had the support of my parents. However, with all the attention(注意) the campaign has got, a lot more people are interested. My friends are helping me too." He talked to different kinds of experts(专家) over the past few months and they told him that he needed to improve the situation. A visit to a camel farm in July 2008 was the turning point of Cameron's life. "At the time, I go to ride camels and one baby camel kept licking(舔) my ear. I was deeply sad when I found such sweet animals were dying because of our carelessness. So I want to put a stop to it." 1. How did Cameron's life change after he got the award? A．He got his parents support. B．He got more people's help. C．He had to do more for camels. D．He became interested in camels. 2. Which of the following is the best to fill in the blank in Paragraph 4? A．In order to get support from the public. B．In order to raise money for the campaign. C．In order to share his experience with others. D．In order to make people know about camels. 3. Which of the following might be Cameron's poster? A．Keep off the desert,/ Leave camels alone! B．Camels,/ Our friends! C．Less plastic,/ More camels! D．Protect camels,/ Protect ourselves! 4. Why does the writer mention (提到) Cameron's visit to a camel farm in 2008? A．To tell the importance of the campaign. B．To show the purpose of the campaign. C．To introduce the result of the campaign. D．To explain the reason for the campaign. 5. According to the passage, which is the correct order? a. Cameron talked to different kinds of experts. b. Cameron started his own campaign. c. Cameron got the Abu Dhabi Award. d. Cameron visited a camel farm. A．d-b-c-a B．d-a-b-c C．b-d-c-a D．b-a-c-d Passage 5 In most parts of the world, many students help their schools make less pollution. They join "environment club". In an environment club, people work together to make our environment clean. Here are some things students often do. No-garbage(垃圾) lunches. How much do you throw away after lunch? Environment clubs ask 7 / 19 students to bring their lunches in bags that can be used again. Every week they will choose the classes that make the least garbage and report them to the whole school. No-car day. On a no-car day, nobody comes to school in a car-no students or teachers. Cars give pollution to our air, so remember to walk, jump, bike, or run! Use your legs! It's lots of fun! Turn off the water! Did you know that toilets can waste twenty to forty tons(吨) of water an hour? In a year, that would fill a small river! In the environment clubs, students mend(修理) those broken toilets. We love our environment. Let's work together to make it clean. 1. Environment clubs ask students ______. A．to study hard B．to take exercise every day C．to take cars D．not to throw away lunch bags 2. From the passage we know the students usually have lunch ______. A．at school B．in shops C．in clubs D．at home 3. On a no-car day, ______ will take a car to school. A．both students and teachers B．only students C．only teachers D．no students or teachers 4. After students mend toilets, they save ______. A．a small river B．a club C．a lot of water D．a toilet 5. The writer wrote the passage to ask students to ______. A．clean the school B．make less pollution C．work hard D．help teachers Passage 6 Once upon a time an old man and woman lived in the mountains in Japan. Every day the old man went to the mountain and collected firewood, while the old woman went to the river and did the washing. One day, she was doing the washing when a big peach (桃子) came floating (漂浮) down the river towards her. As it was a big and juicy-looking fruit, she thought that her husband would be glad to eat it, so she took it home. When the old man came back for lunch and saw the nice peach, he was really happy. The old woman cut the big peach open with a knife! What a surprise! A lovely little boy was in the peach. The old man and woman had no children, so they were really grateful the gods (上 帝) sent them a boy in this peach. Since he was born in a peach they decided to call him Momotaro 8 / 19 which means "peach-boy". The old woman cooked a meal for the little boy who ate as much as he could. The more he ate, the more he grew. Soon he became a tall and strong boy. Day after day, all Momotaro did was sleep and eat. In the village the other boys went to the mountain and picked firewood while Monotaro was the only one doing nothing. This worried the old man and the old woman. The boys then invited him, "Momotaro, would you come with us? We're going to collect firewood." But he answered, "I don't have a basket, so I can't go with you", and went back to sleep. On hearing this, the old woman got angry with Momotaro for being so lazy, so the next day he went to collect firewood with the other boys. 1. What did the old woman do every day? A．She went to the mountains. B．She collected firewood. C．She went fishing in the river. D．She did the washing. 2. The old woman took the peach home because ______. A．she knew there was a little boy in it B．she was grateful the god sent them a peach C．she wanted her husband to eat the juicy-looking fruit D．she wanted to give her husband a surprise 3. Paragraph 2 mainly tells us ______. A．a big peach came floating down the river B．the old man and woman had no children before they had the peach C．what the old woman did for the little boy D．how Momotaro was born and got his name 4. What do we know about Momotaro in the passage? A．Momotaro has a peach as his bed. B．Momotaro was very small and he couldn't eat much. C．Momotaro liked to play with the boys in the village. D．Monotaro was really a lazy boy. 5. If there is Paragraph 4, what do you think is going to be talked about? A．Momotaro collected firewood so easily. B．Momotaro fought with a bad man. C．Momotaro became a hero in Japan. D．Momotaro's friends were proud of him. Passage 7 9 / 19 Once Uncle Li went to town to buy some medicine for his wife. In the town he heard the apples in a city were expensive. He told Uncle Wang about it as soon as he went back. They decided to carry some apples to the city. They borrowed some money from their friends and bought nearly 1,000 kg of apples in the villages and carried them to the city on a tractor. Bad luck! A lot of apples has already been carried there when they arrived. A few days later they had to sell them at a low price (价格). They felt unhappy and returned to their village. "I can't understand why we sustained (蒙受) losses in business while others always profit (盈利)" Uncle Li asked one day. "The tractor was too small " Uncle Wang said without thinking. "We'll carry more apples on a truck next time!" "I agree!" said Uncle Li. "How foolish (傻的) we were !" 1. Uncle Li and Uncle Wang live in the low and broken houses because ______. A．they hope to save money B．they're both poor C．their farms are at the foot of the mountain D．they're not far from their farms 2. The two farmers carried the apples to the city to ______. A．make a journey B．visit some places of interest C．meet their friends D．make a profit 3. The two farmers had to sell their apples at a low price because ______. A．theirs weren't as good as the others' B．theirs were much less than the others' C．a lot of apples had been already carried to the city D．they forgot to carry them on a truck 4. Uncle Li and Uncle Wang were unhappy because ______. A．they had sustained losses in business B．they had lost some money in the city C．something was wrong with the tractor D．other people profited in the city 5. Which of the following is true? A．The two farmers found out why they were poor. B．The two farmers will soon get rich. C．Neither of the farmers is clever. D．The two farmers decided to buy a truck. 10 / 19 Passage 8 Long, long ago there was a very foolish thief. Do you know what he did one day? When he wanted to steal (偷) the bell on his neighbor's door, he walked up to the door, took hold of (抓住) the bell and pulled hard. The bell made a very loud noise. The thief was afraid and went home. Then he sat down to think, "I must do something about the noise," he said. He thought and thought. At last he had an idea. "Ah, I'll put some cotton in my ears. Then I won't be able to hear the noise." The next day he went to the door of his neighbor, and took hold of the bell. This time he pulled even harder. The bell rang loudly, but the thief did not hear anything. With another hard pull he got the bell out. Just then the neighbor came running out. "Steal my bell? I'll teach you a lesson (教训)," the angry man shouted. And he hit the thief on the nose. The foolish thief did not know how the neighbor found out he was stealing the bell. "Why did he come out just then?" he wondered (感到疑惑). 1. The thief was trying to get . A．his neighbor B．his neighbor's doorbell C．some cotton D．a door with a bell on it 2. The thief put some cotton in his ears. He thought it would be ______ for him to steal the doorbell. A．safe B．difficult C．dangerous D．easy 3. The neighbor ran out probably (很可能) because ______. A．he knew his doorbell was being stolen B．he thought someone was eager (渴望的) to visit him C．He realized (意识到) something strange happened D．Both B and C 4. The neighbor hit the thief to ______. A．give him lessons B．punish (惩罚) him for stealing C．help him with the bell D．be his teacher 5. Which of the following is TRUE? A．The thief understood why he was hit on the nose. B．The thief knew why the neighbor came out. C．The thief thought the neighbor could not hear the bell. D．The thief didn't want to know why the neighbor ran out just at the time he stole the doorbell. 11 / 19 Passage 9 Feeling hot? So is Earth. Because of problems like climate change and bad ways of farming, much of the planet's land is drying up. What can we do to solve this problem? One thing the United Nations did was to create a holiday. In 1994, the UN started World Day to Combat Desertification and Drought (世界防治荒漠化和干旱日), to let more people know about desertification. It is on June 17 every year. Desertification happens when healthy land - land full of water and nutrients (营养) - becomes desert, which is dry and unhealthy. Every year, 20,000 to 50,000 square kilometers of Earth's land is lost to desertification. In Africa, scientists expect that two thirds of Africa's healthy land will be lost by 2025. Desertification sometimes happens because of climate change, as big, fast changes in temperature can kill plants and trees. However, it also happens because people use land too much, and in bad ways, to grow food on their farms. Growing too many plants in the same soil, in too short a time, can take away the soil's nutrients faster than the soil can make new ones. That can turn the soil into dry sand, like a desert. The UN suggests some different actions to stop desertification. One is to teach people better ways of farming, including the use of better fertilizers (肥料). Another is reforestation which means planting more trees. One country that has done a lot of that is China. Today China has 61 million hectares of reforested land - more than anywhere else in the world. 1. What is land like if desertification happens? A．It is full of water. B．It has more nutrients. C．It is dry and unhealthy. D．It is suitable to live on. 2. What do scientists predict about Africa in 2025? A．Growing plants will help Africa have more healthy land. B．Most of Africa's healthy land will get dry and unhealthy. C．Africa will have about 50,000 square kilometers of healthy land. D．Africa will have about 20,000 square kilometers of desertification. 3. Why isn't it good to grow too many plants in the same soil? A．Because it can change the climate faster. 模块二 说明文 12 / 19 B．Because it can change plants into bad soil. C．Because it can change healthy land into forests. D．Because it can take away the soil's nutrients faster. 4. Which of the following does not cause desertification? A．Reforestation. B．Using land too much. C．Using poor fertilizers. D．Climate change. 5. What's the main idea of the last paragraph? A．The causes of desertification. B．The importance of reforestation. C．The UN's plans for improving farming. D．The UN's suggestions for fighting desertification. Passage 10 We all know there is a problem with plastic pollution. Five trillion(万亿) plastic bags are used every year. One million plastic drinking bottles are bought every minute. What if we could use plastic waste to build roads? This is exactly what a company has done. McCartney's company built the world's first plastic road in Elgin town, Scotland. The plastic waste was made into grains(颗粒) and then mixed with biturnen(沥青). The road looks just like any other road. But it has improved strength and isn't easy to break. "Our way can not only help solve the problem of plastic waste but also produce roads that deal better with changes in the weather, reducing potholes(路面的坑洼), " McCartney said. The idea came from a trip to India. "I saw people there would put plastic waste into potholes and burn it to repair roads," said McCartney. After lots of testing, McCartney found the perfect method. And now his company has built many plastic roads around the world. A one-kilometer stretch of road uses about 684, 000 plastic bottles or 1.8 million plastic bags. The road itself can be recycled in the end. The materials can be reused to build new roads. "We are just a small part of ending the plastic problems, but it's nice to be part of it," McCartney said. "I just don't want my kids to live in a world where there are more plastics than fish in the sea." 1. What does the numbers in Paragraph 1 show? A．People cannot live without plastics. 13 / 19 B．Plastics are better than other materials. C．The plastic pollution is a serious problem. D．Plastics help companies make lots of money. 2. Which of the following is TRUE about the plastic roads? A．It is easy to break a plastic road. B．The first plastic road was built in India. C．Plastic roads look different from other roads. D．People can recycle plastic roads to build new ones. 3. How many plastic bottles are needed to build a one-kilometer stretch of plastic road? A．684 thousand. B．1 million. C．1.8 million. D．5 trillion. 4. What does McCartney mean by saying the last sentence? A．He will keep more fish in the sea. B．He enjoys fishing with his children. C．He can end plastic problems alone. D．He wants to help build a green world. 5. What is the best title for the article? A．Ways to reuse B．Trip to India C．Road to recycling D．Journey to the sea Passage 11 It's very important for us students to learn about the environment. Many good books will help you learn. You can ask your teacher or a librarian for some advice. You can also look at some good websites with information about the environment and climate (气候) change. Climate change may be a big problem, but we can do many things to improve it. Driving a car or using electricity (电) is not wrong. We just have to be smart about it. Some people use less energy by carpooling. For example, four people can ride together in one car instead of driving four cars to work. Whenever we use electricity, we will put some gases (气体) into the air. Turning off lights, the television and the computer when they aren't needed, you can help a lot. Don't buy products that use too much energy. Some products, like certain cars, are made specially to save energy. These don't have much pollution either. Products like computers, TVs and VCRs with the ENERGY STAR label (标签) are made to save energy. Buying products with these labels will help protect the environment. 14 / 19 Buy recyclable (可回收) products instead of non-recyclable ones. Recyclable products are usually made out of things that have already been used. It usually takes less energy to make recyclable products than to make new ones. So when you go shopping, look for the recycle mark (记号) on the package (包装) - three arrows (箭头) that make a circle (圈). The less energy we use, the better. 1. The passage is mainly written for ______. A．parents B．students C．farmers D．workers 2. What does the underlined word "carpooling" mean in this passage? A．拼车 B．保养车 C．代驾车 D．租车 3. From the passage, we can learn that ______. A．turning off the electricity when it isn't needed can save a lot of energy B．electricity won't cause great trouble to our environment C．cars using less energy will not put any gases into the air D．recyclable products are marked with the label 4. Why should we buy recyclable products? A．Because they are cheap. B．Because they are not used. C．Because they take less energy. D．Because they have three arrows. 5. The passage is mainly about ______. A．suggestions of using cars B．advice of buying products C．the climate change D．the ways to save energy Passage12 Everyone knows that good manners are important. Here is something interesting about manners in different countries. I think you already know that people in different countries usually have different ways of doing things. Something rude in one country may be quite polite in another. For example, in Britain, you mustn't lift your bowl to your mouth when you are having soup because people think that bad manners in Britain. But in Japan you needn't worry about making a noise when you drink something. This shows that you are enjoying it. In Britain, people try not to put their hands on the table at all during a meal. In Mexico (墨西哥), however, guests are expected to keep their hands on the table during a meal. If you are in Arab (阿拉 伯) countries, you must be careful with your hands, too. You see, in Arab countries you mustn't eat 15 / 19 with your left hand. This isn't thought as very polite. So, what should you do if you visit a foreign country? Well, you needn't worry. You can ask the local people to help you and you can just watch carefully and try to do what they do. 1. In Britain, you must be careful not to ______. A．put down the bowl B．lift your bowl to your mouth C．ask local people for help D．eat with your left hands 2. If you make a noise when you drink something in Japan, this shows you ______. A．enjoy it B．have bad manners C．hate it D．worry about it 3. Which of the following is TRUE? A．Mexicans expect their guests to keep their hands under the table. B．It's not polite to eat with your left hand in Arab countries. C．Japanese keep quiet when drinking. D．British people put their hands on the table during a meal. 4. What should you do when you visit a foreign country? A．You can do anything you like. B．You should do as the local people do. C．You can do nothing. D．You should forget your manners. 5. What's the best title of this short passage? A．Different manners. B．Eating habits. C．Rude actions. D．Different countries. Passage 13 Over the last few centuries, there have been many changes in our lives. To start with, people were not able to travel such a long distance in such a short time in the past. Planes were not very popular at that time because they used to be a very expensive way to travel. Nowadays, we have fast, comfortable vehicles, such as cars and high-speed trains. Secondly, in the past, people had to work much harder because they did not have the tools that we have today. Today, most of the difficult and dangerous work is done by computers and machines. Thirdly, in the past, the living conditions were not as good as they are now. There were no bathrooms or running water in many houses, and many people could not buy things like fridges, TV sets or washing machines. Now, most families have several of these things. Lastly, communications have become much easier than before. In the past, we kept in touch with others by writing letters or sending faxes, but now we have many other ways to choose from, such as 16 / 19 making a phone call, sending emails or messages and chatting online. Moreover, we can even see the people whom we are making a phone call with through mobile phones, and we can see each other while chatting online. The most surprising thing is that we can make a phone call with the astronauts and see them when they are in space. What a magical thing! Thanks to the technology, especially the Internet, our lives have become much easier and happier than before. I'm sure they will become more wonderful in the future. Don't you think so? 1. Why were planes not so popular many years ago? A．Because they were not big enough. B．Because they were not able to fly long. C．Because they were very expensive. D．Because they were not fast enough. 2. In the past, people worked ______. A．for fewer hours B．much harder C．more easily D．more quickly 3. What does the fourth paragraph mainly tell us? A．Many families have TV sets and washing machines nowadays. B．There were no bathrooms or running water before. C．Living conditions have been improved. D．Many people can take baths at home now. 4. The writer's last example for great changes in people's lives about ______. A．traveling B．living conditions C．Working tools D．communication 5. What's the best title for this passage? A．Great changes in our lives B．Good education will change our lives C．Fast development of science D．We live a happy life now. Passage 14 When Shanghai introduced a new rubbish sorting policy(政策) in July last year, the people in this city took some time to get used to it. They joked that every time they took out their litter, the aunt standing by the bins would ask, "What kind of litter are you?" Starting on May 1, Beijing joined many Chinese cities by introducing a new rubbish sorting policy. People should sort their litter into four groups: kitchen, recyclable, harmful and other waste. These groups are represented(代表) by four different colors of rubbish bins-green, blue, red and gray. 17 / 19 Those who fail to sort their litter correctly may face fines of up to 200 yuan. The way Beijing sorts its rubbish sounds different from cities like Shanghai and Qingdao. These cities use four different groups: wet, recyclable, harmful and dry. Although their names are different, the groups are actually the same. Wet rubbish in Shanghai is, in fact, kitchen rubbish. And dry rubbish is the same as other waste. Many people don't know how to sort their litter correctly, so Beijing government is offering online guidelines. If people don't know how to throw away rubbish, they can search for it on the WeChat account Guanchenglishi(管城理市) to find out. By searching a key word or taking a photo, people can find out which group their waste belongs to at once. 1. Kitchen rubbish is called ______ in Shanghai. A．Wet rubbish B．Dry rubbish C．Recyclable rubbish D．Harmful rubbish 2. Which statement is true according to this passage? A．Rubbish sorting is being carried out all over the country. B．Rubbish sorting started in Beijing on May 1. C．In Qingdao, people who don't sort their litter correctly may be fined 200 yuan. D．People in Beijing dislike rubbish sorting policy. 3. What will happen if people don't follow the rubbish sorting policy? A．They will be made to learn the policy. B．They won't be allowed to throw rubbish away. C．They won't be noticed. D．They may be fined. 4. The last paragraph mainly talks about ______. A．the government's advice about rubbish sorting policy. B．problems with Beijing's rubbish sorting policy. C．how Beijing government help people sort their rubbish. D．actions we can take to protect the environment. 5. What can we infer(推断) from the passage? A．People are made to sort their litter and they are unhappy. B．Four cities are using the new rubbish sorting policy in China. C．Many people had some problems with rubbish sorting at first. D．People should sort their litter into four groups. Passage 15 18 / 19 Different countries have different customs. When you travel to other countries, please follow their customs, just as the saying goes, "______." Very often people who travel to the United States forget to tip. It is usual to tip porters who help carry your bags, taxi drivers and waiters. Waiters expect to get a 15% tip on the cost of your meal. Taxi drivers expect about the same amount. In England, make sure to stand in line even if there are only two of you. It's important to respect lines there. It's a good idea to talk about the weather. It's a favourite subject of conversation with the British. In Spain, it's a good idea to have a light meal in the afternoon if someone invites you for dinner. People have dinner very late, and restaurants do not generally open until after 9 p.m. In Arab countries, men kiss one another on the cheek. Your host may welcome you with a kiss on both cheeks. It is polite for you to do the same. In Japan, people usually give personal or business cards to each other when they meet for the first time. When a person gives you a card, don't put it into your pocket right away. The person expects you to read it. Don't forget to be careful of your body language to express something in conversation. A kind of body language that is acceptable in one culture may be impolite in another. 1. When you travel to the US, you don't need to tip ______. A．Porters B．waiters C．teachers D．taxi drivers 2. The missing sentence in the first paragraph should be "______". A．Love me, love my dog B．He who laughs last laughs best C．When in Rome, do as the Romans do D．Where there is a will, there is a way 3. The underlined word "porters" in the passage means "______" in Chinese. A．搬运工 B．清洁工 C．接线员 D．售票员 4. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．In Spain, people usually have dinner very early. B．In England, it's not polite to talk about the weather. C．In Arab countries, men kiss one another on the cheek. D．In Japan, you should not read the business card as soon as you get it. 5. What's the best title of the passage? A．How to Tip B．Body Language 19 / 19 C．When to Have Dinner D．Advice to International Travelers 1 / 5 阅读理解-牛津译林版八下期末专项（解析版） Passage 1 ◦ 答案：1 - 5 CAADB ◦ 解析 ◦ 第 1题：文中提到“Suddenly we heard a crack，and a huge tree fell across the road in front of us. I stopped still. I was shaking with fear”，可知 Black Beauty因大树倒下而害怕，选 C。 ◦ 第 2题：根据语境，它感觉到桥有问题，所以是突然停下来，“stopped dead”意思是“突然 停止”，与“was frozen”（僵住，这里可理解为突然停下不动）意思相近，选 A。 ◦ 第 3题：根据文章内容，顺序为一开始快乐旅行到木桥（d），之后下午很晚才离开小镇（a）， John知道有问题还试图牵它向前（b），最后有人阻止他们过桥（c），选 A。 ◦ 第 4题：Black Beauty在危险时没逃跑，还感知到桥危险，说明它勇敢且聪明，选 D。 ◦ 第 5题：文章主要围绕在暴风雨天发生的事展开，选 B。 Passage 2 ◦ 答案：1 - 5 BCACD ◦ 解析 ◦ 第 1题：文中明确说“In my sixth year I made a small canoe because I wanted to sail around the island”，选 B。 ◦ 第 2题：看到鹦鹉 Poll很惊喜，“What a surprise I had!”符合语境，选 C。 ◦ 第 3题：根据后文“they didn't let me take milk from them”可知山羊害怕，“frightened”意为 “害怕的”，选 A。 ◦ 第 4题：事件顺序为做衣服（②），环岛旅行（③），看到鹦鹉（④），抓山羊（①），选 C。 ◦ 第 5题：Robinson能制作衣服、独木舟，还抓山羊，适应岛上生活，说明他能适应变化，选 D。 Passage 3 ◦ 答案：1 - 5 CDADB ◦ 解析 ◦ 第 1题：“They were the best teachers”中“They”指代上文中提到的老师，即艺术老师和德 国钢琴家，选 C。 2 / 5 ◦ 第 2题：Delia决定去教钢琴挣钱时，Joe说“I'd be much happier if you go on with your lessons”， 可知他高兴，选 D。 ◦ 第 3题：顺序为结婚住小公寓（e），上课（a），钱花完（c），决定挣钱（b），说出真相 （d），选 A。 ◦ 第 4题：他们说谎是因为关心彼此，知道真相后笑了，选 D。 ◦ 第 5题：文章通过故事体现爱的力量，选 B。 Passage 4 ◦ 答案：1 - 5 BACDA ◦ 解析 ◦ 第 1题：获得奖项后，更多人感兴趣并帮助他，选 B。 ◦ 第 2题：他做这些是为获得公众支持，选 A。 ◦ 第 3题：他的活动是保护骆驼，减少塑料危害，“Less plastic, / More camels!”合适，选 C。 ◦ 第 4题：提到参观骆驼农场是为解释活动原因，选 D。 ◦ 第 5题：顺序为参观农场（d），开始活动（b），获奖（c），和专家交谈（a），选 A。 Passage 5 ◦ 答案：1 - 5 DADCB ◦ 解析 ◦ 第 1题：环境俱乐部要求学生用可重复使用袋子装午餐，不扔午餐袋，选 D。 ◦ 第 2题：学生在学校吃午餐，所以才会有学校评选产生垃圾最少的班级，选 A。 ◦ 第 3题：无车日没人开车上学，选 D。 ◦ 第 4题：修理马桶可节水，选 C。 ◦ 第 5题：文章呼吁学生减少污染，选 B。 Passage 6 ◦ 答案：1 - 5 DCDDA ◦ 解析 ◦ 第 1题：文中说“the old woman went to the river and did the washing”，选 D。 ◦ 第 2题：她拿桃子是觉得丈夫会喜欢，选 C。 ◦ 第 3题：第二段讲了Momotaro的出生和名字由来，选 D。 ◦ 第 4题：Momotaro很懒，其他男孩干活时他睡觉，选 D。 ◦ 第 5题：前文说他很懒，接下来可能讲他砍柴的情况，选 A。 3 / 5 Passage 7 ◦ 答案：1 - 5 BDCAC ◦ 解析 ◦ 第 1题：文章未提及住破房子原因，但从卖苹果亏损可知他们穷，选 B。 ◦ 第 2题：他们运苹果去城市是为盈利，选 D。 ◦ 第 3题：到城市时已有很多苹果，所以低价出售，选 C。 ◦ 第 4题：他们不高兴是因为生意亏损，选 A。 ◦ 第 5题：他们没找到亏损真正原因，也不聪明，选 C。 Passage 8 ◦ 答案：1 - 5 BADBC ◦ 解析 ◦ 第 1题：小偷想偷邻居门铃，选 B。 ◦ 第 2题：他塞棉花是觉得偷门铃更安全，选 A。 ◦ 第 3题：邻居听到门铃响，意识到异常，可能以为有人拜访，选 D。 ◦ 第 4题：邻居打小偷是惩罚他偷东西，选 B。 ◦ 第 5题：小偷以为邻居听不到铃声，选 C。 Passage 9 ◦ 答案：1 - 5 CBDAD ◦ 解析 ◦ 第 1题：沙漠化的土地干燥且不健康，选 C。 ◦ 第 2题：科学家预计 2025年非洲三分之二健康土地会流失，变得干燥不健康，选 B。 ◦ 第 3题：在同一块土壤种太多植物会快速消耗养分，选 D。 ◦ 第 4题：重新造林可阻止沙漠化，不是其成因，选 A。 ◦ 第 5题：最后一段讲联合国阻止沙漠化的建议，选 D。 Passage 10 ◦ 答案：1 - 5 CDADD ◦ 解析 ◦ 第 1题：第一段数据表明塑料污染严重，选 C。 ◦ 第 2题：塑料路可回收建新道路，选 D。 4 / 5 ◦ 第 3题：一公里塑料路需约 68.4万个塑料瓶，选 A。 ◦ 第 4题：McCartney希望帮助构建绿色世界，选 D。 ◦ 第 5题：文章围绕用塑料垃圾修路展开，“Road to recycling”合适，选 D。 Passage 11 ◦ 答案：1 - 5 BAACD ◦ 解析 ◦ 第 1题：文章是写给学生的，选 B。 ◦ 第 2题：“carpooling”意思是拼车，选 A。 ◦ 第 3题：不用电时关掉可节能，选 A。 ◦ 第 4题：可回收产品耗能少，选 C。 ◦ 第 5题：文章主要讲节能方法，选 D。 Passage 12 ◦ 答案：1 - 5 BABBA ◦ 解析 ◦ 第 1题：在英国不能把碗举到嘴边喝汤，选 B。 ◦ 第 2题：在日本喝东西出声表示喜欢，选 A。 ◦ 第 3题：在阿拉伯国家用左手吃饭不礼貌，选 B。 ◦ 第 4题：去外国应入乡随俗，选 B。 ◦ 第 5题：文章讲不同国家礼仪，选 A。 Passage 13 ◦ 答案：1 - 5 CBCDA ◦ 解析 ◦ 第 1题：过去飞机不流行是因为贵，选 C。 ◦ 第 2题：过去人们工作更努力，选 B。 ◦ 第 3题：第四段讲生活条件改善，选 C。 ◦ 第 4题：最后一个例子关于通信，选 D。 ◦ 第 5题：文章讲生活的巨大变化，选 A。 Passage 14 ◦ 答案：1 - 5 ABDCC 5 / 5 ◦ 解析 ◦ 第 1题：上海湿垃圾即厨房垃圾，选 A。 ◦ 第 2题：北京 5月 1日开始垃圾分类，选 B。 ◦ 第 3题：不遵守政策可能被罚款，选 D。 ◦ 第 4题：最后一段讲北京政府帮助人们分类垃圾的方式，选 C。 ◦ 第 5题：很多人一开始分类垃圾有问题，选 C。 Passage 15 ◦ 答案：1 - 5 CCACD ◦ 解析 ◦ 第 1题：在美国不用给老师小费，选 C。 ◦ 第 2题：“When in Rome, do as the Romans do”意思是入乡随俗，符合语境，选 C。 ◦ 第 3题：“porters”指搬运工，选 A。 ◦ 第 4题：在阿拉伯国家，男人互相亲吻脸颊，选 C。 ◦ 第 5题：文章是给国际旅行者的建议，选 D。