精品解析：天津市南开中学2024-2025学年高一下学期4月期中英语试题

南开中学2024-2025学年度第二学期质量监测(一) 高一英语试卷 考试时间：100分钟 第Ⅰ卷 (共85分) 第一部分：听力 (15分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. When did the meeting begin? A. At 9:00. B. At 9:15. C. At 9:30. 2. Where does the conversation take place? A. In a concert hall. B. In a restaurant. C. In a shop. 3. How will the speakers get home? A. On foot. B. By bus. C. By car. 4. What was the weather like during the woman’s holiday? A. Sunny. B. Rainy. C. Cloudy. 5. What does the man mean? A. He will meet the woman on Friday. B. He is scheduled to move house on the 13th. C. He would like to invite the woman to his house. 第二节 (共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分) 听下面3段材料，每段材料后有几个小题。从题中所给的ABC 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置，听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题。每小题5秒钟。听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段材料读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6至第8小题。 6. What did the man do before? A. He worked as a teacher in a commercial school. B. He talked students into attending his school. C. He was in charge of the school paper. 7 What does the woman think is useful for the man to get the job? A. His education. B. His personality. C. His working experience. 8. What does the woman ask the man to do in the end? A. Come to work. B. Wait for further notice. C. Make a phone call to her. 听下面一段对话，回答第9至第11小题。 9. What kind of music does the man like? A. Classical. B. Country. C. Rock. 10. How many records has Zed Hawks sold? A. 13 million. B.20 million. C.30 million. 11. How did Zed Hawks behave on TV last night? A. He talked much to his fans. B. He said a lot about his concert. C. He acted badly towards the hostess. 听下面一段独白， 回答第12至15小题。 12. What is the talk mainly about? A. Travel safety. B. Transportation. C. Traffic regulations. 13. How can people know about the bad areas in a city? A. By talking to local people. B. By asking the taxi driver. C. By consulting the hotel. 14. How does the speaker suggest listeners get to the hotel at night? A. By bus. B. By taxi. C. By car. 15. What should the listeners do if their cars are hit from behind? A. Telephone the garage. B. Stop to have a check immediately. C. Drive to public areas and call the police. 第二部分：英语知识运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节、单项填空(共20小题;每小题0.5分，满分10分) 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出适合空白处的最佳选项。 1. — I get at least half an hour of exercise almost every day. — Oh great! . A. Good luck B. Cheer up C. Same to you D. Keep it up 2. Though________ to see us, the professor gave us a warm welcome. A. surprising B. to surprise C. being surprised D. surprised 3. ________ the past year as an exchange student in Britain, Linda appears maturer than those of her age. A. Having spent B. Having been spent C. To spend D. Had spent 4. —You shouldn’t have talked back to our teacher like that. It was awfully impolite. —You are right. I________ crazy at that moment. A. must have been B. might be C. could have been D. should have been 5. We can observe that artificial intelligence has already made a(n) ________ on our lives in many ways. A. statement B. impact C. impression D. judgment 6. The biodiversity in Xizang is vast, with a wide range of species ________ in their natural habitats. A. existing B. existed C. exist D. being existed 7. The author’s newest thriller , which his fans have been looking forward to. A. ticks all the right boxes B. braves the elements C. takes into account D. throws the baby out with the bathwater 8. His English sounds fairly native, so where did he his English? A. come across B. hunt for C. pick up D. give away 9. The company has been ________from a family business to a multi-million-pound operation. A. released B. transformed C. urged D. transferred 10. —Is it possible for him to finish the work on time? —Don’t worry. I can promise he will what you have expected. A. catch up B. live up to C. put on D. break down 11. __________from the foot of the mountain, the temple__________back to the Ming Dynasty is truly impressive. A. Seeing; dated B. Seen; dating C. Seeing; dating D. Seen; dated 12. The company launched a new product the changing market demand. A. by means of B. on behalf of C. in response to D. with regard to 13. Look at the timetable. Hurry up! Flight MU315 ______ off at 18: 30. A. takes B. took C. will be taking D. has taken 14. Gun control is a subject________ Americans have argued for a long time. A. of which B. with which C. into which D. about which 15. If we don’t take steps, the Tibetan antelopes and pandas will be someday like dinosaurs, which is quite terrible. A distant B. instinct C. distinct D. extinct 16. It will be a great help if you go to the store and get what we need for dinner.________I'll set the table. A. As a result B. In the meanwhile C. On the whole D. As a matter of fact 17. Be carefully. Don’t get the juice on your new dress, for it ___________wash out. A. can’t B. mustn’t C. shouldn’t D. won’t 18. —You speak very good French! —Thanks. I __________ French in Sichuan University for four years. A. studied B. study C. was studying D. had studied 19. (2013·福建) _____________ basic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies. A. Known B. Having known C. Knowing D. Being known 20. Sales director is a position________ communication ability is just as important as sales. A. which B. where C. when D. why 第二节、完形填空(共20小题;每小题1分，满分20分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，先出最佳选项。 When my dad finally finished the triathlon (铁人三项)in Montauk, the crowd cheered. It showed me how his hard work paid off and it excited my____21____ . I wondered whether a small boy of my size could ____22____ something like that. I found myself ____23____this out loud and my father overheard me. He ____24____me and said I could train with him. Training with my clad turned out to be very____25____. We would get up very early for a morning jog or go for a swim in the pool after school. After a few weeks of training, I ____26____ my first triathlon. Before the competition, I nervously waited for the____27____. When someone fired the gun. I was off,____28____towards the distant buoy (浮标)that marked my turn. I finished the half-mile swim and ran towards my ____29____. I was dripping wet,trying to _____30_____it. Once on the bike, I experienced an excitement specific to _____31_____. I went through the transition zone and_____32_____ my running shoes. At the start of the run part of the triathlon, my_____33_____ already felt like they were made of cement (水泥). For me, the real competition began during the run, because now I could see each competitor as a target. No matter my_____34_____in the field, each racer was either following me_____35_____ being followed. The run part of the race was in fact_____36_____tolerance. “Shut up, legs”, one of my favorite sayings, kept me from thinking about the_____37_____feeling. Then I crossed the finish line. I took a breath and then began a(an)_____38_____with the other finishers. The sense of_____39_____was there for all of us. Looking back, I remember the small boy on that day in Montauk who doubted whether he could_____40_____it, like his dad. Now, that same boy is not only a huge fan, but also a training partner as well. 21. A. pride B. congratulations C. concern D. curiosity 22. A. learn B. deserve C. achieve D. organize 23. A. saying B. figuring C. acting D. leaving 24. A. admired B. encouraged C. pushed D. convinced 25. A. unbearable B. exciting C. enjoyable D. challenging 26. A. learnt from B. suffered from C. signed up for D. dropped out of 27. A. signal B. announcement C. result D. permission 28. A. riding B. walking C. swimming D. dashing 29. A. bike B. horse C. destination D. coat 30. A. take off B. get on C. knock out D. put away 31. A. running B. traveling C. cycling D. swimming 32. A. kicked off B. switched to C. prepared for D. polished 33. A. arms B. clothes C. shoes D. legs 34. A. size B. position C. age D. career 35. A. or B. and C. but D. so 36. A. breathlessness B. thirst C. stress D. pain 37. A. winning B. nervous C. burning D. proud 38. A. suggestion B. celebration C. impression D. organization 39. A. accomplishment B. guilt C. sorrow D. participation 40. A. join B. move C. prove D. make 第三部分：阅读理解(共20小题;每小题2分，满分40分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。 A While you may be doing everything right, ignoring just one or two steps in the process may keep you from getting a job, especially in this fierce market. Here is a checklist that covers some of the major links in the job-search chain. THE RESUME—Make sure it is up-to-date and tailored to the types of jobs you are seeking for. Have someone else look at your resume. If you cannot afford a career coach, give your resume to friends or family members to scrutinize. Have copies of your resume printed so that you are ready to hand them out at interviews. COVERING LETTERS—Maybe you’ve set up a few basic styles in advance, but that’s not enough. Each covering letter should be designed to suit the job for which you are applying. THE WARDROBE(衣橱)—Check your wardrobe to ensure that you have the appropriate professional dress, including shoes, ready for interview. NETWORKING—Don’t isolate yourself from others. Network through e-mail messages, phone calls, appointments and meetings keep you in touch with the outside world and prevent you from becoming depressed. APPLICATION—A glance at huge online job sites isn’t usually the best way to find a job. You are more likely to succeed through the people you know via networking. INTERVIEWS—If you’ve got plenty of interviews but no return calls or job offers, take a look at your interviewing skills. This is one area where investing in a career coach may pay off. But if you can’t afford one, try to find a job group or service that conducts free mock(模拟) interviews. SUPPORT SYSTEMS—Finally, recognize that looking for job is rather difficult. Even at the best of times, a job hunt is often about rejection, and that can be hard to endure. Staying in touch with family, friends, professional networks and fellow job seekers can help you to maintain a positive attitude and a sense of perspective. 41. The author’s purpose of writing this text is to ________. A suggest graduates should find suitable jobs B. give people some tips on searching for jobs C. tell people how to improve their interview skills D. teach people how to get ready for an interview 42. Which of the following methods is NOT true according to the text? A. You should have your resume read by your friends after finishing it. B. You should create different covering letters for the different jobs you apply for. C. Searching online is the most effective way to look for a job. D. You should wear appropriate professional clothes and shoes for the interview. 43. What should you do if you don’t receive any calls after lots of interviews? A. Carefully review your interviewing skills. B. Ask a fellow job seeker to help you. C. Rewrite your resume as soon as possible. D. Go to the managers’ offices to find out why. 44. It is implied in the text that ________. A. people often pay no attention to writing their resume B. the interview is the most difficult step for interviewees C. a career coach often offers free mock interviews to interviewees D. your social network may help you a lot in your job hunt B I was 16 years old the day I skipped school for the first time. It was easily done: Both my parents left for work before my school bus arrived on weekdays, so when it showed up at my house on that cold winter morning, I simply did not get on. The perfect crime! And what did I do with myself on that glorious stolen day, with no adult in charge and no limits on my activities? Did I get high? Hit the mall for a shoplifting extravaganza (狂欢)? Nope. I built a warm fire in the wood stove, prepared a bowl of popcorn, grabbed a blanket, and read. I was thrilled and transported by a book — it was Hemingway's The Sun Also Rises — and I just needed to be alone with it for a little while. I ached to know what would happen to Jake Barnes and Lady Brett Ashley and Robert Cohn. I couldn't bear the thought of sitting in a classroom taking another biology exam when I could be traveling through Spain in the 1920s with a bunch of expatriates(异乡客). I spent that day lost in words. Time fell away, as the room around me turned to mist, and my role — as a daughter, sister, teenager, and student-in the world no longer had any meaning. I had accidentally come across the key to perfect happiness: I had become completely absorbed by something I loved. Please note that absorption is not the same as distraction or obsession. To be absorbed by something is to become it and when we come out of it, we are richer for it. To be distracted by something is also to disappear, but not in a good way. We become nothing at all. We don't get enriched. And to be obsessed by something, finally, is to become consumed and destroyed by it. So the trick to happiness, then, is to find something that absorbs you and become that thing by pursuing it with devoted attention. Looking back on it now, I can see that some subtle things were happening to my mind and to my life while I was in that state of absorption. Hemingway's language was quietly braiding itself into my imagination. I was downloading information about how to create simple and elegant sentences, a good and solid plot. In other words, I was learning how to write. Without realizing it, I was hot on the trail of my own fate. Writing now absorbs me the way reading once did and happiness is their generous side effect. 45. Why did the author skip school on that day? A. Because her parents left home early. B. Because she was eager to read a novel. C. Because it was a cold winter morning. D. Because she hated to have biology class. 46. What did the author think is the source of true joy? A. Reading by the fire. B. Travelling in Spain. C. Breaking the regulations. D. Being occupied by one's passion. 47. Which can best replace the underlined phrase "braiding itself into" in the last paragraph? A. Maintaining. B. Entering. C. Mending. D. Blocking. 48. According to the author, which of the following is an example of absorption? A. You picture yourself as the characters in a book and live and breathe and love and die with them. B. When you read a book, you frequently turn to your smartphones, checking WeChat messages, C. You spend endless time and amounts of money on computer games without caring about anything else. D. Your mind always wanders about various things and it takes you a lot of time. 49. What can we infer from the passage? A. The author was tired of her real-life roles. B. The author learned how to write through online courses. C. Being fully engaged in writing now makes the author happy. D. The author knew when she would be good at handling her life. C Transport has a lot to answer for when it comes to harming the planet. While cars and trains are moving towards greener, electric power, emissions from air travel are expected to increase massively by 2050. If we want big green sky solutions, we need blue sky thinking. Fortunately, there's plenty of that happening right now, particularly the short-haul flights powered by batteries. Harbour Air is the largest seaplane airline in North America, flying 30, 000 commercial flights in 40 seaplanes each year. Significantly, all Harbour Air routes last less than 30 minutes, making it perfectly fit for electric engines. “As an airline, were currently in the process of turning all our planes into electric airplanes. ” says CEO Greg McDougall. To make this happen, the airline has partnered up with MagniX to create the world's first commercial flight with an electric engine. Making the skies electric isn't just good for the environment, it also makes sound financial sense: a small aircraft uses $400 on conventional fuel for a 100-mile flight, while an electric one costs $8-12 for the same distance, and that's before you factor in the higher maintenance costs of a traditional engine. There's also the added bonus that electric planes are just much more pleasant to fly in. No loud engine noise, no smell of fuel, just environmentally friendly peace and quiet. While there has been real progress in the e-plane industry, the technical challenges that remain are keeping everyone's feet firmly on the ground. A battery, even a lithium one, only provides 250 watt-hours per kilogram; compare this to liquid fuel, which has a specific energy of 11, 890 watt-hours per kilogram. Carrying adequate batteries, however, would make the plane too heavy to get off the ground. In aircraft, where every bit of weight counts, this can't just be ignored. The transition (过渡) from gas to electric in the automobile industry has been made easier by hybrids-vehicles powered by both fuel and electricity. Many believe the same patter could be followed in the air. Fuel consumption could be reduced as the electric component is switched on at key parts of the journey, especially on take-off and landing. It's certainly an exciting time for electric flying. With companies like Harbour Air taking the lead, battery-powered planes, especially on short-haul journeys, are set to become a reality in the next few years. 50. According to Para. 1, what is happening in air transport? A. New explorations of the sky are being launched. B. Pollution caused by batteries is being controlled. C. Efforts are being made to make air travel greener. D. Demand for short-haul flights is increasing massively. 51. Why is Harbour Air fit for electric flights? A. It runs short routes. B. It has a strong partner. C. Its planes can land on the sea. D. It has planes with powerful engines. 52. The expression "added bonus" refers to the fact that electric planes_________. A give passengers more pleasant views B. bring airlines more financial benefits C. offer more enjoyable flying experiences D. cost less in maintenance than traditional ones 53. What might be the biggest challenge of electric flying? A. To improve the ground service for e-planes. B. To find qualified technicians for e-plane industry. C. To calculate the energy needed to power e-planes. D. To balance power and weight of batteries in e-planes. 54. What could be done during the transition from gas to electric in air flight? A. To produce new electric components. B. To increase battery consumption. C. To use mixed-power technology. D. To expand the landing field. 55. What is the author's attitude towards the prospect of electric flying? A. Short-sighted. B. Wait-and-see. C. Optimistic. D. Skeptical. D If you believe that scientists and artists are most creative when they're young, you are missing an important part of the story. A new study published in De Economist looked at Nobel Prize winners in the field of economics. It found there are two different peaks of creativity. One comes early in a person's career, while another comes later. The research supports previous work by the authors that found similar patterns in the arts and other sciences. "We believe what we found in this study isn't limited to economics, but could apply to creativity more generally," said Bruce Weinberg, lead author of the study and professor of economics at The Ohio State University. "Many people believe that creativity is exclusively associated with youth, but it really depends on what kind of creativity you're talking about." In the study, those who did their most groundbreaking work early in their careers tended to be "conceptual" innovators（创新者）. These type of innovators "think outside the box", challenging conventional wisdom and suddenly coming up with new ideas. Conceptual innovators are not yet immersed（沉浸于）in the accepted theories of their field, Weinberg said. But there is another kind of creativity, he said, which is found among "experimental" innovators. These innovators accumulate knowledge through their careers and find new ways to understand it. The long periods of trial and error for important experimental innovations come later in a Nobel laureate's（荣誉获得者的）career. "Whether you hit your creative peak early or late in your career depends on whether you have a conceptual or experimental approach," Weinberg said. The researchers took a novel, empirical（经验主义的）approach to the study, which involved 31 laureates. They arranged the laureates on a list from the most experimental to most conceptual. This ranking was based on the laureates' most important work, classifying them into "conceptual" or "experimental". After classifying the laureates, the researchers determined the age at which each laureate made his most important contribution to economics and could be considered at his creative peak. They found that conceptual laureates peaked between ages 25 and 29. Experimental laureates peaked when they were roughly twice as old in their mid-50s. "Our research suggests that when you're most creative is more about how you approach your work." 56. What does the underlined phrase "think outside the box" mean? A. Follow rules strictly. B. Experiment on boxes. C. Break old thought patterns. D. Figure out how to escape from a box. 57. What do we know about "experimental" innovators? A. They usually come up with new ideas all of a sudden. B. They make discoveries through constant trial and error. C. The majority of them reach their creative peak in their twenties. D. They make more contributions than "conceptual" innovators. 58. Which of the following statements about the study published in De Economist is false? A. The study is not the first of its kind. B. The conclusion can be applied to other areas. C. The laureates' most important work decides whether they are "conceptual" or "experimental". D. The "conceptual" won their Nobel Prizes between ages 25 and 29. 59. What do the researchers believe determines someone's creative peak? A. One's personality type. B. What kind of job one takes. C. How one handles their work. D. One's attitude toward their work. 60. What's the main idea of this passage? A. Creativity comes at any age, young or old. B. Creativity tends to decrease as people get older. C. Economists, artists and other scientists have much in common. D. Economists are more creative than artists and other scientists. 第Ⅱ卷(非选择题，共15分) 第四部分：语言运用(共两节，满分15分) 第一节：单词填空。 (共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分) 61. The law has done little to prevent racial discrimination and i________ (不平等). (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 62. There were some t ________ (气氛或局势令人紧张的) moments in the second half of the game. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 63. A large international meeting was held with the aim of promoting s________ (可持续的) development in all countries. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 64. The couple r_________ (解决) their differences and made an effort to get along. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 65. The official v_________(版本，说法) of events is that the police were attacked and were just trying to defend themselves. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 66. The company d________ (欺骗) customers by selling old computers as new ones last year. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 67. The m_________(军队) has opposed any cuts in defence spending. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 68. Water is l________ (漏，渗漏) from the pipe currently. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 69. In an i _________ (理想的) world no one would go hungry. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 70. The breathing problem has now been complicated by a chest i__________(感染). (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 第二节：用所给短语的适当形式填空，选项中有两项为多余选项。 (共10 小题;每小题0.5分，满分5分) 用所给短语的适当形式填空，选项中有两项为多余选项。 absorb in the other way round contribute to get across masses of pull one’s weight let off steam let...down defend...from to some extent take into account given that 71. She always _________ in group assignments, so we love working with her. 72. You become so deeply _________ an activity that you lose track of time. 73. There were _________ people in town today. 74. Many believe social media shapes public opinion, but sometimes it is __________ — public trends influence social media content. 75. This is the message that we want to __________ to the public. 76. She felt _________ when her best friend forgot her birthday. 77. _________ it’s raining heavily, we should postpone the picnic. 78. My mom bakes when she needs to __________ it helps her relax and focus. 79. Earlier studies have shown that microplastics may _________ lung cancer risk. 80. The castle walls were built to _________ the city __________ invaders. 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 南开中学2024-2025学年度第二学期质量监测(一) 高一英语试卷 考试时间：100分钟 第Ⅰ卷 (共85分) 第一部分：听力 (15分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. When did the meeting begin? A. At 9:00. B. At 9:15. C. At 9:30. 2. Where does the conversation take place? A. In a concert hall. B. In a restaurant. C. In a shop. 3. How will the speakers get home? A. On foot. B. By bus. C. By car. 4. What was the weather like during the woman’s holiday? A. Sunny. B. Rainy. C. Cloudy. 5. What does the man mean? A. He will meet the woman on Friday. B. He is scheduled to move house on the 13th. C. He would like to invite the woman to his house. 第二节 (共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分) 听下面3段材料，每段材料后有几个小题。从题中所给的ABC 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置，听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题。每小题5秒钟。听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段材料读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6至第8小题。 6. What did the man do before? A. He worked as a teacher in a commercial school. B. He talked students into attending his school. C. He was in charge of the school paper. 7. What does the woman think is useful for the man to get the job? A. His education. B. His personality. C. His working experience. 8. What does the woman ask the man to do in the end? A Come to work. B. Wait for further notice. C. Make a phone call to her. 听下面一段对话，回答第9至第11小题。 9. What kind of music does the man like? A. Classical. B. Country. C. Rock. 10. How many records has Zed Hawks sold? A. 13 million. B.20 million. C.30 million. 11 How did Zed Hawks behave on TV last night? A. He talked much to his fans. B. He said a lot about his concert. C. He acted badly towards the hostess. 听下面一段独白， 回答第12至15小题。 12. What is the talk mainly about? A. Travel safety. B. Transportation. C. Traffic regulations. 13. How can people know about the bad areas in a city? A. By talking to local people. B. By asking the taxi driver. C. By consulting the hotel. 14. How does the speaker suggest listeners get to the hotel at night? A. By bus. B. By taxi. C. By car. 15. What should the listeners do if their cars are hit from behind? A. Telephone the garage. B. Stop to have a check immediately. C. Drive to public areas and call the police. 第二部分：英语知识运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节、单项填空(共20小题;每小题0.5分，满分10分) 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出适合空白处的最佳选项。 1. — I get at least half an hour of exercise almost every day. — Oh great! . A. Good luck B. Cheer up C. Same to you D. Keep it up 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查交际用语以及习惯性表达。句意：我几乎每天至少有半小时的锻炼。---哦，太好了。保持下去。A. Good luck祝好运;B. Cheer up振作起来;C. Same to you和你一样;D .Keep it up保持下去。根据Oh great!可知，在鼓励保持下去，故选D项。 2. Though________ to see us, the professor gave us a warm welcome. A. surprising B. to surprise C. being surprised D. surprised 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：教授见到我们虽然很惊讶，但还是热情地欢迎了我们。be surprised to do，对做某事很惊讶，在though引导的让步状语从句中，当从句主语与主句主语一致且含有be的某种形式时，可省略从句的主语和be，本句完整形式为：Though he was surprised to see us，相当于省略了he was，故选D。 3. ________ the past year as an exchange student in Britain, Linda appears maturer than those of her age. A. Having spent B. Having been spent C. To spend D. Had spent 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：琳达过去一年在英国当交换生，她看起来比同龄人更加成熟。此处是非谓语动词作状语，主语Linda和动词spend是逻辑上的主动关系，且动词spend发生在谓语动词appears之前，应用现在分词的完成式having spent，在句中作状语。故选A。 4. —You shouldn’t have talked back to our teacher like that. It was awfully impolite. —You are right. I________ crazy at that moment. A. must have been B. might be C. could have been D. should have been 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查情态动词+have done。句意：--你不应该那样跟老师顶嘴。这太不礼貌了。--你是对的。那一刻我一定是疯了。A. must have been一定是……（对过去事实肯定的推测）；B. might be可能会；C. could have been本能够，但实际上没有；D. should have been本应该，但实际上没有。根据句意可知，说话人认识到自己的错误，觉得自己当时一定是疯了，是对过去情况的肯定推测，用must have done结构。故选A项。 5. We can observe that artificial intelligence has already made a(n) ________ on our lives in many ways. A. statement B. impact C. impression D. judgment 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们可以观察到人工智能已经在许多方面已经对我们的生活产生了影响。A. statement陈述说明；B. impact影响，效果；C. impression印象；D. judgment判断。故选B符合语境。 6. The biodiversity in Xizang is vast, with a wide range of species ________ in their natural habitats. A. existing B. existed C. exist D. being existed 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：西藏生物多样性丰富，自然栖息地的物种种类繁多。句子中使用了with复合结构“with+宾语+宾补”，动词exist和宾语a wide range of species之间是主谓关系，应该用现在分词作宾补，故选A。 7. The author’s newest thriller , which his fans have been looking forward to. A. ticks all the right boxes B. braves the elements C. takes into account D. throws the baby out with the bathwater 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：这位作家最新的惊悚小说符合他的粉丝们一直期待的所有条件。A. ticks all the right boxes符合所有要求；B. braves the elements冒着恶劣天气；C. takes into account考虑，顾及；D. throws the baby out with the bathwater因噎废食。由“which his fans have been looking forward to”可知，空格处意为“符合所有要求”。故选A。 8. His English sounds fairly native, so where did he his English? A. come across B. hunt for C. pick up D. give away 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他的英语听起来相当地道，他的英语是从哪里学来的？A. come across偶然遇到；B. hunt for寻找；C. pick up拾起、学会；D. give away赠送、分发。由句意可知，他的英语非常地道，所以问话者是想知道他从哪里学的英语。故选C。 9. The company has been ________from a family business to a multi-million-pound operation. A. released B. transformed C. urged D. transferred 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这家公司已经从一家家族企业转变为一家价值数百万英镑的企业。A. released释放；B. transformed转变；C. urged催促；D. transferred转移。由from a family business to a multi-million-pound operation可知，此处指公司转变成了一家价值数百万英镑的企业，动词transform符合句意。故选B项。 10. —Is it possible for him to finish the work on time? —Don’t worry. I can promise he will what you have expected. A. catch up B. live up to C. put on D. break down 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：——他有可能按时完成这项工作吗？——别担心。我可以保证他不会辜负你的期望。A. catch up赶上；B. live up to不辜负；C. put on穿上；D. break down分解。由“what you have expected”可知，句子表示“我可以保证他不会辜负你的期望”，空格处意为“不辜负”，故选B。 11. __________from the foot of the mountain, the temple__________back to the Ming Dynasty is truly impressive. A. Seeing; dated B. Seen; dating C. Seeing; dating D. Seen; dated 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：从山脚看来，这座追溯到明朝的寺庙真的令人印象深刻。分析句子结构可知，主句主语为temple，动词see与之存在被动关系，应用过去分词seen，作方式状语；名词temple后为后置定语，date back意为“追溯”，temple与之存在主动关系，应用现在分词dating，作后置定语。故选B项。 12. The company launched a new product the changing market demand. A. by means of B. on behalf of C. in response to D. with regard to 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：该公司推出了一种新产品以适应不断变化的市场需求。A. by means of通过，借助于；B. on behalf of代表；C. in response to作为对……的回应；D. with regard to关于。由“launched a new product”和“the changing market demand”可知，句子表示“该公司推出了一种新产品以适应不断变化的市场需求”，空格处意为“作为对……的回应”。故选C。 13. Look at the timetable. Hurry up! Flight MU315 ______ off at 18: 30. A. takes B. took C. will be taking D. has taken 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：看看时间表。快点！MU315航班18:30就要起飞了。根据句中Hurry up!可知，飞机还没有起飞；再根据Flight MU315和at 6:30可知，航班按照计划起飞，这种已经安排好，不轻易改变的事情，常用一般现在时表将来；Flight MU315作主语，谓语用单数形式。故选A项。 14. Gun control is a subject________ Americans have argued for a long time. A. of which B. with which C. into which D. about which 【答案】D 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：枪支管制是美国人长期争论的话题。根据句意和句子结构可知，句子为限制性定语从句，先行词为“subject”，指物，“argue about sth.”意为“争论某事”，先行词带入从句中作“about”的宾语，故应用“介词about +关系代词which”引导从句。故选D项。 15. If we don’t take steps, the Tibetan antelopes and pandas will be someday like dinosaurs, which is quite terrible. A. distant B. instinct C. distinct D. extinct 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果我们不采取措施，藏羚羊和熊猫总有一天会像恐龙一样灭绝，这是非常可怕的。A. distant远的；B. instinct充满（某种品质，尤指好品质）的；C. distinct不同的，有区别的；D. extinct灭绝的。由“someday like dinosaurs”可知，句子表示“如果我们不采取措施，藏羚羊和熊猫总有一天会像恐龙一样灭绝”，空格处意为“灭绝的”。故选D。 16. It will be a great help if you go to the store and get what we need for dinner.________I'll set the table. A. As a result B. In the meanwhile C. On the whole D. As a matter of fact 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查短语词义辨析。句意：如果你去商店把我们晚餐需要的东西买来，那可算帮我大忙了。你在做这事的时候，我会在家布置好桌子。A.As a result作为结果；B.In the meanwhile在这时候，与此同时；C.On the whole整体看来；D.As a matter of fact事实上。根据句中you go to the store and get what we need for dinner和I'll set the table可知，此处指你去商店把我们晚餐需要的东西买来的同时我就会把桌子布置好，所以表示在同一个时间发生。选项B符合题意，故选B。 17. Be carefully. Don’t get the juice on your new dress, for it ___________wash out. A. can’t B. mustn’t C. shouldn’t D. won’t 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查情态动词的用法。句意：小心。别把果汁弄到你的新衣服上，洗不掉的。A. can’t不能，不会；B. mustn’t不允许，不准；C. shouldn’t不应该；D. won’t不会，将不会。此处用于表明某动作通常以特定方式发生，应用won’t。故选D。 18. —You speak very good French! —Thanks. I __________ French in Sichuan University for four years. A. studied B. study C. was studying D. had studied 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】试题分析： 考查动词时态。句意：——你的法语说得很好!——谢谢，我在四川大学学了四年的法语。 这句话只是说我在四川大学学了四年的法语，只是强调过去的动作，用一般过去时，故选A项。 19. (2013·福建) _____________ basic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies. A. Known B. Having known C. Knowing D. Being known 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查动名词。句意：了解基本的急救知识可以帮助您快速应对紧急情况。分析句子成分，谓语是will help，所以前面的是主语，用动名词做主语，故选C项。 20. Sales director is a position________ communication ability is just as important as sales. A. which B. where C. when D. why 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句的关系词。句意：销售经理是一个职位,在这个职位上,交流能力和销售能力一样重要。分析句子可知，本句为限制性定语从句，position 为先行词，在定语从句中作地点状语，关系副词为where。故选B。 第二节、完形填空(共20小题;每小题1分，满分20分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，先出最佳选项。 When my dad finally finished the triathlon (铁人三项)in Montauk, the crowd cheered. It showed me how his hard work paid off and it excited my____21____ . I wondered whether a small boy of my size could ____22____ something like that. I found myself ____23____this out loud and my father overheard me. He ____24____me and said I could train with him. Training with my clad turned out to be very____25____. We would get up very early for a morning jog or go for a swim in the pool after school. After a few weeks of training, I ____26____ my first triathlon. Before the competition, I nervously waited for the____27____. When someone fired the gun. I was off,____28____towards the distant buoy (浮标)that marked my turn. I finished the half-mile swim and ran towards my ____29____. I was dripping wet,trying to _____30_____it. Once on the bike, I experienced an excitement specific to _____31_____. I went through the transition zone and_____32_____ my running shoes. At the start of the run part of the triathlon, my_____33_____ already felt like they were made of cement (水泥). For me, the real competition began during the run, because now I could see each competitor as a target. No matter my_____34_____in the field, each racer was either following me_____35_____ being followed. The run part of the race was in fact_____36_____tolerance. “Shut up, legs”, one of my favorite sayings, kept me from thinking about the_____37_____feeling. Then I crossed the finish line. I took a breath and then began a(an)_____38_____with the other finishers. The sense of_____39_____was there for all of us. Looking back, I remember the small boy on that day in Montauk who doubted whether he could_____40_____it, like his dad. Now, that same boy is not only a huge fan, but also a training partner as well. 21. A. pride B. congratulations C. concern D. curiosity 22. A. learn B. deserve C. achieve D. organize 23. A. saying B. figuring C. acting D. leaving 24. A. admired B. encouraged C. pushed D. convinced 25. A. unbearable B. exciting C. enjoyable D. challenging 26. A. learnt from B. suffered from C. signed up for D. dropped out of 27. A. signal B. announcement C. result D. permission 28. A. riding B. walking C. swimming D. dashing 29. A. bike B. horse C. destination D. coat 30. A. take off B. get on C. knock out D. put away 31. A. running B. traveling C. cycling D. swimming 32. A. kicked off B. switched to C. prepared for D. polished 33. A. arms B. clothes C. shoes D. legs 34. A. size B. position C. age D. career 35. A. or B. and C. but D. so 36. A. breathlessness B. thirst C. stress D. pain 37. A. winning B. nervous C. burning D. proud 38. A. suggestion B. celebration C. impression D. organization 39. A. accomplishment B. guilt C. sorrow D. participation 40. A. join B. move C. prove D. make 【答案】21. D 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. D 26. C 27. A 28. C 29. A 30. B 31. C 32. B 33. D 34. B 35. A 36. D 37. C 38. B 39. A 40. D 【解析】 【分析】本文是记叙文。作者以自己参加铁人三项赛的经历说明：在比赛中，当你觉得自己筋疲力尽时，不要放弃，坚持下去，直到抵达终点。不管成绩或名次如何，你都会有一份属于自己的成就感。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：它向我展示了他的努力是如何得到回报的，也激发了我的好奇心。A. pride自豪；B. congratulations祝贺；C. concern关心；D. curiosity好奇。根据“I wondered whether a small boy of my size could ____2____ something like that.”可知，它向作者展示了父亲的努力是如何得到回报的，也激发了作者的好奇心。故选D项。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想知道像我这么大的一个小男孩是否能取得这样的成就。A. learn学习；B. deserve值得；C.achieve 实现，取得；D.organize组织。根据“When my dad finally finished the triathlon (铁人三项)in Montauk”可知，作者想知道像作者这么大的一个小男孩是否能取得这样的成就。故选C项。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我大声说出来我的想法，被父亲听到了。A. saying说；B. figuring 认为；C. acting 行动；D. leaving离开。根据“my father overheard me”可知，作者大声说出自己的想法被父亲听到了。故选A项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他鼓励我说我可以和他一起训练。A. admired羡慕；B. encouraged鼓励；C. pushed推；D. convinced说服。根据“said I could train with him.”可知，父亲在鼓励作者。故选B项。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：和我的爸爸训练非常有挑战性。A. unbearable无法接受的；B. exciting令人兴奋的；C. enjoyable有乐趣的；D. challenging有挑战的。根据“We would get up very early for a morning jog or go for a swim in the pool after school.”可知，和爸爸训练非常有挑战性。故选D项。 【26题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：经过几周的训练，我第一次报名参加了铁人三项比赛。A. learnt from从……学得；B. suffered from遭受；C.signed up for签约加入，报名；D. dropped out of退出。根据“Before the competition”结合后文作者在比赛中的表现和感想可知，经过几周的训练，作者第一次报名参加了铁人三项比赛。故选C项。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：比赛前，我紧张地等待着信号的发出。A. signal信号；B. announcement宣布；C. result结果；D. permission允许。根据“When someone fired the gun.”可知，作者紧张地等待着信号的发出。故选A项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当枪声响起时，我出发了，游向标记着我转弯的远处的浮标。A. riding骑车；B. walking步行；C. swimming游泳；D. dashing猛冲。根据“I finished the half-mile swim”可知，作者游向标记着作者转弯的远处的浮标。故选C项。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我游完了半英里，朝我的自行车跑去。A. bike自行车；B. horse马；C. destination目的地； D. coat外套。根据“Once on the bike”可知，作者游完了半英里，朝自行车跑去。故选A项。 【30题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我浑身湿淋淋的，努力地骑上自行车。A. take off起飞；B. get on 上车；C. knock out 摧毁；D. put away收拾。根据“Once on the bike”可知，作者努力地骑上自行车。故选B项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一骑上自行车上，我体验到一种骑自行车特有的兴奋感。A. running跑；B. traveling旅行；C. cycling 骑自行车；D. swimming游泳。根据常识可知，骑上自行车上当然是体验到一种骑自行车特有的兴奋感。选C项。 【32题详解】 考查动词短语和动词词义辨析。句意：我穿过过渡区，换上了我的跑鞋。A. kicked off开球；B. switched to转向，切换到；C. prepared for 为……准备；D. polished擦光。根据“my running shoes”可知，作者换上了自己的跑鞋。故选B项。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在铁人三项赛跑开始的时候，我的腿已经感觉像水泥做的了。A. arms手臂；B. clothes衣服；C. shoes鞋；D. legs腿。根据“At the start of the run part of the triathlon”以及““Shut up, legs””可知，作者的腿已经感觉像水泥做的了。故选D项。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：不管我在赛场上的位置如何，每个参赛者要么正在追赶要么被追赶。A. size尺寸；B. position位置；C. age年龄；D. career职业。根据“each racer was either following me ____15____ being followed.”可知，不管作者在赛场上的位置如何，每个参赛者要么正在追赶要么被追赶。故选B项。 【35题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：不管我在赛场上的位置如何，每个参赛者要么正在追赶要么被追赶。A. or或者；B. and和；C. but但是； D. so所以。either…or…“或者……或者……；要么......要么......”。故选A项。 【36题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：比赛的跑步部分实际上是对疼痛的容忍。A. breathlessness呼吸急促；B. thirst口渴；C. stress 压力；D. pain疼痛。根据上文“my　　　　　13　　　　　 already felt like they were made of cement (水泥).”和“tolerance”可知，比赛的跑步部分实际上是对疼痛的容忍。故选D项。 【37题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“闭嘴，腿”，我最喜欢的一句话，让我不去想那种灼热的感觉。A. winning获胜的；B. nervous紧张的；C. burning强烈的，发热的；D. proud自豪的。根据“The run part of the race was in fact ____16____ tolerance.”可知，作者最喜欢的一句话，让作者不去想比赛时那种灼热的感觉。故选C项。 【38题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我深吸了一口气，然后开始和其他到达终点的选手一起庆祝。A. suggestion建议；B. celebration庆祝；C. impression印象；D. organization组织。根据“Then I crossed the finish line.”可知，作者开始和其他到达终点的选手一起庆祝。故选B项。 【39题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们所有人都有一种成就感。A. accomplishment成就；B. guilt内疚；C. sorrow悲伤；D. participation参加。根据“Then I crossed the finish line. I took a breath and then began a（an） ____18____ with the other finishers.”可知，所有人都有一种成就感。故选A项。 【40题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：回想起来，我记得那天在蒙托克的那个小男孩像他爸爸一样怀疑自己能否成功。A. join加入；B. move移动；C. prove证明是；D. make使成功。根据“I wondered whether a small boy of my size could ____2____ something like that.”以及“Now, that same boy is not only a huge fan, but also a training partner as well.”可知，回想起来，作者记得那天在蒙托克的那个小男孩像他爸爸一样怀疑自己能否成功。make it“成功”。故选D项。 第三部分：阅读理解(共20小题;每小题2分，满分40分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。 A While you may be doing everything right ignoring just one or two steps in the process may keep you from getting a job, especially in this fierce market. Here is a checklist that covers some of the major links in the job-search chain. THE RESUME—Make sure it is up-to-date and tailored to the types of jobs you are seeking for. Have someone else look at your resume. If you cannot afford a career coach, give your resume to friends or family members to scrutinize. Have copies of your resume printed so that you are ready to hand them out at interviews. COVERING LETTERS—Maybe you’ve set up a few basic styles in advance, but that’s not enough. Each covering letter should be designed to suit the job for which you are applying. THE WARDROBE(衣橱)—Check your wardrobe to ensure that you have the appropriate professional dress, including shoes, ready for interview. NETWORKING—Don’t isolate yourself from others. Network through e-mail messages, phone calls, appointments and meetings keep you in touch with the outside world and prevent you from becoming depressed. APPLICATION—A glance at huge online job sites isn’t usually the best way to find a job. You are more likely to succeed through the people you know via networking. INTERVIEWS—If you’ve got plenty of interviews but no return calls or job offers, take a look at your interviewing skills. This is one area where investing in a career coach may pay off. But if you can’t afford one, try to find a job group or service that conducts free mock(模拟) interviews. SUPPORT SYSTEMS—Finally, recognize that looking for job is rather difficult. Even at the best of times, a job hunt is often about rejection, and that can be hard to endure. Staying in touch with family, friends, professional networks and fellow job seekers can help you to maintain a positive attitude and a sense of perspective. 41. The author’s purpose of writing this text is to ________. A. suggest graduates should find suitable jobs B. give people some tips on searching for jobs C. tell people how to improve their interview skills D. teach people how to get ready for an interview 42. Which of the following methods is NOT true according to the text? A. You should have your resume read by your friends after finishing it. B. You should create different covering letters for the different jobs you apply for. C. Searching online is the most effective way to look for a job. D. You should wear appropriate professional clothes and shoes for the interview. 43. What should you do if you don’t receive any calls after lots of interviews? A. Carefully review your interviewing skills. B. Ask a fellow job seeker to help you. C. Rewrite your resume as soon as possible. D. Go to the managers’ offices to find out why. 44. It is implied in the text that ________. A. people often pay no attention to writing their resume B. the interview is the most difficult step for interviewees C. a career coach often offers free mock interviews to interviewees D. your social network may help you a lot in your job hunt 【答案】41. B 42. C 43. A 44. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了在寻找工作的时候，人们需要注意的几个方面的问题及相关建议。 【41题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Here is a checklist that covers some of the major links in the job-search chain.(下面是一份清单，涵盖了求职链中的一些主要环节)”可推知，作者写本文的目的是给找工作的人一些重要的建议。故选B。 【42题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第六段的“A glance at huge online job sites isn’t usually the best way to find a job.(浏览大型求职网站通常不是找工作的最佳途径) ”可知，在大型求职网站找工作通常不是最好的求职方式。C. Searching online is the most effective way to look for a job. (在网上寻找工作是求职最有效的方法)和以上说法相反。故选C。 【43题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“If you’ve got plenty of interviews but no return calls or job offers, take a look at your interviewing skills.(如果你有很多面试机会，但没有回电或工作邀请，那就审视一下你的面试技巧吧)”可知，如果面试很多次都没有回电，也没有工作机会，那么要审视一下自己的面试技能。故选A。 【44题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Staying in touch with family, friends, professional networks and fellow job seekers can help you to maintain a positive attitude and a sense of perspective.(与你的家人、朋友、网络上的专业认识以及其他求职者保持联系可以帮助你保持积极的态度和观点)”可推知，保持良好的社交网络可能对找工作有帮助，因为它能让你保持积极的态度和观点。D. your social network may help you a lot in your job hunt (你的社交网络可能在求职中帮你很多)符合以上推测。故选D。 B I was 16 years old the day I skipped school for the first time. It was easily done: Both my parents left for work before my school bus arrived on weekdays, so when it showed up at my house on that cold winter morning, I simply did not get on. The perfect crime! And what did I do with myself on that glorious stolen day, with no adult in charge and no limits on my activities? Did I get high? Hit the mall for a shoplifting extravaganza (狂欢)? Nope. I built a warm fire in the wood stove, prepared a bowl of popcorn, grabbed a blanket, and read. I was thrilled and transported by a book — it was Hemingway's The Sun Also Rises — and I just needed to be alone with it for a little while. I ached to know what would happen to Jake Barnes and Lady Brett Ashley and Robert Cohn. I couldn't bear the thought of sitting in a classroom taking another biology exam when I could be traveling through Spain in the 1920s with a bunch of expatriates(异乡客). I spent that day lost in words. Time fell away, as the room around me turned to mist, and my role — as a daughter, sister, teenager, and student-in the world no longer had any meaning. I had accidentally come across the key to perfect happiness: I had become completely absorbed by something I loved. Please note that absorption is not the same as distraction or obsession. To be absorbed by something is to become it and when we come out of it, we are richer for it. To be distracted by something is also to disappear, but not in a good way. We become nothing at all. We don't get enriched. And to be obsessed by something, finally, is to become consumed and destroyed by it. So the trick to happiness, then, is to find something that absorbs you and become that thing by pursuing it with devoted attention. Looking back on it now, I can see that some subtle things were happening to my mind and to my life while I was in that state of absorption. Hemingway's language was quietly braiding itself into my imagination. I was downloading information about how to create simple and elegant sentences, a good and solid plot. In other words, I was learning how to write. Without realizing it, I was hot on the trail of my own fate. Writing now absorbs me the way reading once did and happiness is their generous side effect. 45. Why did the author skip school on that day? A. Because her parents left home early. B. Because she was eager to read a novel. C. Because it was a cold winter morning. D. Because she hated to have biology class. 46. What did the author think is the source of true joy? A. Reading by the fire. B. Travelling in Spain. C. Breaking the regulations. D. Being occupied by one's passion. 47. Which can best replace the underlined phrase "braiding itself into" in the last paragraph? A. Maintaining. B. Entering. C. Mending. D. Blocking. 48. According to the author, which of the following is an example of absorption? A. You picture yourself as the characters in a book and live and breathe and love and die with them. B. When you read a book, you frequently turn to your smartphones, checking WeChat messages, C. You spend endless time and amounts of money on computer games without caring about anything else. D. Your mind always wanders about various things and it takes you a lot of time. 49. What can we infer from the passage? A The author was tired of her real-life roles. B. The author learned how to write through online courses. C. Being fully engaged in writing now makes the author happy. D. The author knew when she would be good at handling her life. 【答案】45. B 46. D 47. B 48. A 49. C 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章结合作者少年时一次为了看书而逃学的事件，进而引出幸福的诀窍，那就是找到一些能吸引你的东西，全神贯注地追求它，变成那个东西。 【45题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“I was thrilled and transported by a book — it was Hemingway's The Sun Also Rises”（海明威的《太阳照常升起》让我激动万分）“I ached to know what would happen to Jake Barnes and Lady Brett Ashley and Robert Cohn. I couldn't bear the thought of sitting in a classroom taking another biology exam when I could be traveling through Spain in the 1920s with a bunch of expatriates(异乡客).”（我想知道Jake Barnes和 Brett Ashley夫人，还有Robert Cohn会怎么样。我无法忍受坐在教室里参加另一场生物考试，而我本可以在20世纪20年代和一群外籍人士穿越西班牙。）可知，作者那天不去上学是因为被海明威的《太阳照常升起》迷住了，他想在家里读书。选项B与文意相符，故选B。 【46题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句“I had accidentally come across the key to perfect happiness: I had become completely absorbed by something I loved.”（我偶然发现了通往完美幸福的钥匙：我完全被我所爱的东西吸引住了。）可以推知，作者认为真正的幸福就是享受自己喜欢的东西，即沉浸在自己的热情里。选项D与文意相符，故选D。 【47题详解】 词句猜测题。根据最后一段中“I was downloading information about how to create simple and elegant sentences, a good and solid plot. In other words, I was learning how to write. ”（我在下载关于如何创造简洁优雅的句子的信息，一个好的、可靠的情节。换句话说，我在学习如何写作。）可以推知，作者认为他在阅读海明威的作品时，是在学习其内容的表达和如何进行写作，即 “海明威的语言悄悄地进入到了我的想象中”，所以划线短语指 “进入”，选项B符合题意，故选B。 【48题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“To be absorbed by something is to become it and when we come out of it, we are richer for it. ”（被某种东西同化就是成为它，当我们走出它时，我们就会因为成为它而变得阅历更丰富。）“So the trick to happiness, then, is to find something that absorbs you and become that thing by pursuing it with devoted attention.”（所以幸福的诀窍就是，找到一些能吸引你的东西，全神贯注地追求它，变成那个东西。）可推知，作者认为，同化的意义在于成为其组成的一部分，你可以体会它并能使自己变得更丰富。选项A. “You picture yourself as the characters in a book and live and breathe and love and die with them.”（你把自己想象成书中的人物，生活，呼吸，爱，以及他们一起死去。）与上述说法相符，故选A。 【49题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“So the trick to happiness, then, is to find something that absorbs you and become that thing by pursuing it with devoted attention.”（所以幸福的诀窍就是，找到一些能吸引你的东西，全神贯注地追求它，变成那个东西。）；文章最后一句 “Writing now absorbs me the way reading once did and happiness is their generous side effect.”（现在写作吸引着我，就像以前读书一样，幸福是它们慷慨的副作用。）可知，现在作者认为写作吸引着自己，同时给自己带来幸福。由此推知，现在全神贯注于写作使作者很幸福。选项C与文意相符，故选C。 C Transport has a lot to answer for when it comes to harming the planet. While cars and trains are moving towards greener, electric power, emissions from air travel are expected to increase massively by 2050. If we want big green sky solutions, we need blue sky thinking. Fortunately, there's plenty of that happening right now, particularly the short-haul flights powered by batteries. Harbour Air is the largest seaplane airline in North America, flying 30, 000 commercial flights in 40 seaplanes each year. Significantly, all Harbour Air routes last less than 30 minutes, making it perfectly fit for electric engines. “As an airline, were currently in the process of turning all our planes into electric airplanes. ” says CEO Greg McDougall. To make this happen, the airline has partnered up with MagniX to create the world's first commercial flight with an electric engine. Making the skies electric isn't just good for the environment, it also makes sound financial sense: a small aircraft uses $400 on conventional fuel for a 100-mile flight, while an electric one costs $8-12 for the same distance, and that's before you factor in the higher maintenance costs of a traditional engine. There's also the added bonus that electric planes are just much more pleasant to fly in. No loud engine noise, no smell of fuel, just environmentally friendly peace and quiet. While there has been real progress in the e-plane industry, the technical challenges that remain are keeping everyone's feet firmly on the ground. A battery, even a lithium one, only provides 250 watt-hours per kilogram; compare this to liquid fuel, which has a specific energy of 11, 890 watt-hours per kilogram. Carrying adequate batteries, however, would make the plane too heavy to get off the ground. In aircraft, where every bit of weight counts, this can't just be ignored. The transition (过渡) from gas to electric in the automobile industry has been made easier by hybrids-vehicles powered by both fuel and electricity. Many believe the same patter could be followed in the air. Fuel consumption could be reduced as the electric component is switched on at key parts of the journey, especially on take-off and landing. It's certainly an exciting time for electric flying. With companies like Harbour Air taking the lead, battery-powered planes, especially on short-haul journeys, are set to become a reality in the next few years. 50. According to Para. 1, what is happening in air transport? A. New explorations of the sky are being launched. B. Pollution caused by batteries is being controlled. C. Efforts are being made to make air travel greener. D. Demand for short-haul flights is increasing massively. 51. Why is Harbour Air fit for electric flights? A. It runs short routes. B. It has a strong partner. C. Its planes can land on the sea. D. It has planes with powerful engines. 52. The expression "added bonus" refers to the fact that electric planes_________. A. give passengers more pleasant views B. bring airlines more financial benefits C. offer more enjoyable flying experiences D. cost less in maintenance than traditional ones 53. What might be the biggest challenge of electric flying? A. To improve the ground service for e-planes. B. To find qualified technicians for e-plane industry. C. To calculate the energy needed to power e-planes. D. To balance power and weight of batteries in e-planes. 54. What could be done during the transition from gas to electric in air flight? A. To produce new electric components. B. To increase battery consumption. C. To use mixed-power technology. D. To expand the landing field. 55. What is the author's attitude towards the prospect of electric flying? A. Short-sighted. B. Wait-and-see. C. Optimistic. D. Skeptical. 【答案】50. C 51. A 52. C 53. D 54. C 55. C 【解析】 【分析】本文是说明文。为了使航空旅行更环保，出现了电动飞行。文章介绍了电动飞行的特点、优点、面临的挑战、解决措施和前景。 【50题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中If we want big green sky solutions, we need blue sky thinking. Fortunately, there's plenty of that happening right now, particularly the short-haul flights powered by batteries.(如果我们想要大的绿色天空解决方案，就需要蓝天思维。幸运的是，现在有很多这样的情况发生，尤其是靠电池供电的短途飞行)由此判断出，人们正在努力使航空旅行更加环保。故选C。 【51题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段Harbour Air is the largest seaplane airline in North America, flying 30, 000 commercial flights in 40 seaplanes each year. Significantly, all Harbour Air routes last less than 30 minutes, making it perfectly fit for electric engines.可知Harbour Air是北美最大的水上飞机航空公司，每年有40架水上飞机搭载3万次商业航班。值得注意的是，所有港口航线的飞行时间都不到30分钟，这使得它完全适合于电动引擎。也就是说Harbour Air的飞行航线短，这使电动飞行成了可能。故选A。 【52题详解】 猜测词义题。根据下文that electric planes are just much more pleasant to fly in. No loud engine noise, no smell of fuel, just environmentally friendly peace and quiet.电动飞机没有发动机的噪音，没有燃油的味道，只有环保的宁静等优点，为乘坐电动飞机的乘客提供更愉快的飞行体验。所以added bonus指的是乘客获得的更愉快飞行体验的额外收获，故选C。 【53题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第三段A battery, even a lithium one, only provides 250 watt-hours per kilogram; compare this to liquid fuel, which has a specific energy of 11, 890 watt-hours per kilogram. Carrying adequate batteries, however, would make the plane too heavy to get off the ground. In aircraft, where every bit of weight counts, this can't just be ignored.可知电池不能提供足够的燃料，而携带足够的电池会使飞机太重而无法起飞。在飞机上，每一点重量都很重要，不能忽视。由此推知平衡电动飞机电池的功率和重量是电动飞机面临的最大挑战，故选D。 【54题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段The transition (过渡) from gas to electric in the automobile industry has been made easier by hybrids-vehicles powered by both fuel and electricity.可知从燃料飞行到电动飞行过渡过程中，可以使用燃料和电力混合动力技术。故选C。 【55题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段It's certainly an exciting time for electric flying. With companies like Harbour Air taking the lead, battery-powered planes, especially on short-haul journeys, are set to become a reality in the next few years.可知电动飞行无疑是激动人心的，电动飞行短途旅行将在未来几年内成为现实。由此判断出作者对电动飞行的前景是乐观的，故选C。 D If you believe that scientists and artists are most creative when they're young, you are missing an important part of the story. A new study published in De Economist looked at Nobel Prize winners in the field of economics. It found there are two different peaks of creativity. One comes early in a person's career, while another comes later. The research supports previous work by the authors that found similar patterns in the arts and other sciences. "We believe what we found in this study isn't limited to economics, but could apply to creativity more generally," said Bruce Weinberg, lead author of the study and professor of economics at The Ohio State University. "Many people believe that creativity is exclusively associated with youth, but it really depends on what kind of creativity you're talking about." In the study, those who did their most groundbreaking work early in their careers tended to be "conceptual" innovators（创新者）. These type of innovators "think outside the box", challenging conventional wisdom and suddenly coming up with new ideas. Conceptual innovators are not yet immersed（沉浸于）in the accepted theories of their field, Weinberg said. But there is another kind of creativity, he said, which is found among "experimental" innovators. These innovators accumulate knowledge through their careers and find new ways to understand it. The long periods of trial and error for important experimental innovations come later in a Nobel laureate's（荣誉获得者的）career. "Whether you hit your creative peak early or late in your career depends on whether you have a conceptual or experimental approach," Weinberg said. The researchers took a novel, empirical（经验主义的）approach to the study, which involved 31 laureates. They arranged the laureates on a list from the most experimental to most conceptual. This ranking was based on the laureates' most important work, classifying them into "conceptual" or "experimental". After classifying the laureates, the researchers determined the age at which each laureate made his most important contribution to economics and could be considered at his creative peak. They found that conceptual laureates peaked between ages 25 and 29. Experimental laureates peaked when they were roughly twice as old, in their mid-50s. "Our research suggests that when you're most creative is more about how you approach your work." 56. What does the underlined phrase "think outside the box" mean? A. Follow rules strictly. B. Experiment on boxes. C. Break old thought patterns. D. Figure out how to escape from a box. 57. What do we know about "experimental" innovators? A. They usually come up with new ideas all of a sudden. B. They make discoveries through constant trial and error. C. The majority of them reach their creative peak in their twenties. D. They make more contributions than "conceptual" innovators. 58. Which of the following statements about the study published in De Economist is false? A. The study is not the first of its kind. B. The conclusion can be applied to other areas. C. The laureates' most important work decides whether they are "conceptual" or "experimental". D. The "conceptual" won their Nobel Prizes between ages 25 and 29. 59. What do the researchers believe determines someone's creative peak? A. One's personality type. B. What kind of job one takes. C. How one handles their work. D. One's attitude toward their work. 60. What's the main idea of this passage? A. Creativity comes at any age, young or old. B. Creativity tends to decrease as people get older. C. Economists, artists and other scientists have much in common. D. Economists are more creative than artists and other scientists. 【答案】56. C 57. B 58. D 59. C 60. A 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了通过对一些诺贝尔奖获得者事业生涯的研究，发现人的创造力会有两种峰值，这取决于你是哪种类型的创新者，是“概念性的”的创新者还是“实验性的”创新者。 【56题详解】 词句猜测题。在划线短语所在的句子中，后面的非谓语动词部分“challenging conventional wisdom and suddenly coming up with new ideas”是对划线短语的补充解释，意思为“挑战传统智慧，突然想出新点子”，也就是勇于突破一些旧的思维模式，跳出框框去思维。故选C项。 【57题详解】 细节理解题。根据第8段中“The long periods of trial and error for important experimental innovations come later in a Nobel laureate's（荣誉获得者的）career.”在一位诺贝尔奖得主的职业生涯中，重要的实验性的创新经历了漫长的不断的反复实验。由此可知“实验性”的创新者是从不断的反复实验中获得发现。故选B项。 【58题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第三段中“They found that conceptual laureates peaked between ages 25 and 29.”可知， “概念性”的诺贝尔奖获得者创造力在25岁到29岁之间达到顶峰，不是在25岁到29岁之间获得诺贝尔奖。故选D项。 【59题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Our research suggests that when you're most creative is more about how you approach your work.”可知，研究人员认为，决定你什么时候达到创造力巅峰的是你如何处理你的工作。此题是语义转换，“how you approach your work”和选项C中的“How one handles their work”是语义转换。故选C项。 【60题详解】 主旨大意题。文章第一段中提到“It found there are two different peaks of creativity. One comes early in a person's career, while another comes later.” 研究发现，创造力有两个不同的巅峰。在一个人的职业生涯中，有一个高峰出现得比较早，而另一个高峰出现得比较晚。倒数第二段提到“They found that conceptual laureates peaked between ages 25 and 29. Experimental laureates peaked when they were roughly twice as old, in their mid-50s.”研究还表明，“概念性的”诺贝尔奖获得者在25岁到29岁之间达到创造力巅峰，而“实验性的”诺贝尔奖获得者的巅峰时期是他们年龄的两倍，也就是50多岁的时候。因此文章主要是说明创造力巅峰可以出现在任何年龄，可能在年轻的时候，也可能是年老的时候。什么时候出现创造力巅峰与你如何处理你的工作有关。故选A项。 第Ⅱ卷(非选择题，共15分) 第四部分：语言运用(共两节，满分15分) 第一节：单词填空。 (共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分) 61. The law has done little to prevent racial discrimination and i________ (不平等). (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】inequality 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：这项法律在防止种族歧视和不平等方面收效甚微。空格处用名词作宾语，由首字母提示i可知，“不平等”是inequality，是不可数名词，故填inequality。 62. There were some t ________ (气氛或局势令人紧张的) moments in the second half of the game. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】tense##ense 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：比赛下半场出现了一些紧张的时刻。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词moments，由首字母提示t可知，“气氛或局势令人紧张的”的形容词是tense，故填tense。 63. A large international meeting was held with the aim of promoting s________ (可持续的) development in all countries. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】sustainable##ustainable 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：举行了一次大型国际会议，目的是促进所有国家的可持续发展。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词development，“可持续的”的形容词是sustainable。故填sustainable。 64. The couple r_________ (解决) their differences and made an effort to get along. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】resolved##esolved 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：这对夫妇解决了分歧，努力和睦相处。根据汉语提示“解决”和首字母r可知，空处应用动词resolve，在句中作谓语，结合并列谓语made可知，句子陈述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，动词使用过去式形式，故填resolved。 65. The official v_________(版本，说法) of events is that the police were attacked and were just trying to defend themselves. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】version##ersion 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：官方对事件的说法是，警察受到了袭击，只是为了自卫。空处应为名词，作主语；根据中英文提示，version为名词，表示“版本，说法”，符合句意。故填version。 66. The company d________ (欺骗) customers by selling old computers as new ones last year. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】deceived 【解析】 【详解】考查时态。句意：这家公司去年把旧电脑当新卖，欺骗顾客。由首字母提示d可知，“欺骗”是deceive，由last year可知，句子时态是一般过去时，空格处用过去式，故填deceived。 67. The m_________(军队) has opposed any cuts in defence spending. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】military##ilitary 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：军方反对任何国防开支的削减。空处应为名词，作主语；根据中英文提示，military为名词，表示“军队”，符合句意。故填military。 68. Water is l________ (漏，渗漏) from the pipe currently. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】leaking##eaking 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：水管正在漏水。由首字母提示l可知，“漏，渗漏”是leak，由currently可知，句子时态是现在进行时，空前有is，空格处用leaking。故填leaking。 69. In an i _________ (理想的) world no one would go hungry. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】ideal##deal 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：在一个理想的世界里，没有人会挨饿。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词world，由首字母提示i可知，“理想的”的形容词是ideal。故填ideal。 70. The breathing problem has now been complicated by a chest i__________(感染). (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】infection##nfection 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：他的呼吸问题现在因胸部感染而变得更加复杂。由“a”可知，空处应用名词单数，作宾语；根据中英文提示，infection表示“（身体某部位的）感染”，为可数名词，符合句意。故填infection。 第二节：用所给短语的适当形式填空，选项中有两项为多余选项。 (共10 小题;每小题0.5分，满分5分) 用所给短语的适当形式填空，选项中有两项为多余选项。 absorb in the other way round contribute to get across masses of pull one’s weight let off steam let...down defend...from to some extent take into account given that 71. She always _________ in group assignments, so we love working with her. 72. You become so deeply _________ an activity that you lose track of time. 73. There were _________ people in town today. 74. Many believe social media shapes public opinion, but sometimes it is __________ — public trends influence social media content. 75. This is the message that we want to __________ to the public. 76. She felt _________ when her best friend forgot her birthday. 77. _________ it’s raining heavily, we should postpone the picnic. 78. My mom bakes when she needs to __________ it helps her relax and focus. 79. Earlier studies have shown that microplastics may _________ lung cancer risk. 80. The castle walls were built to _________ the city __________ invaders. 【答案】71. pulls her weight 72 absorbed in 73. masses of 74. the other way round 75. get across 76. let down 77. Given that 78. let off steam 79. contribute to 80. ①. defend ②. from 【解析】 【71题详解】 考查固定短语，时态和主谓一致。句意：她在小组作业中总是尽心尽力，所以我们喜欢和她一起工作。由“in group assignments, so we love working with her”可知，句子表示“她在小组作业中总是尽心尽力，所以我们喜欢和她一起工作”，空格处意为“尽力而为”，是固定短语pull one’s weight，由always可知，句子时态是一般现在时，主语she是第三人称单数，因此空格处是pulls her weight，故填pulls her weight。 【72题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：你如此全神贯注于一项活动，以至于忘记了时间。由“that you lose track of time”可知，句子表示“你如此全神贯注于一项活动，以至于忘记了时间”，空格处意为“全神贯注于”，是固定短语become absorbed in，因此空格处是absorbed in。故填absorbed in。 【73题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：今天城里有很多人。由“in town”可知，句子表示“今天城里有很多人”，空格处意为“很多”，是固定短语masses of，故填masses of。 【74题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：许多人认为社交媒体影响公众舆论，但有时情况正好相反——公众趋势影响社交媒体内容。由“public trends influence social media content”可知，句子表示“许多人认为社交媒体影响公众舆论，但有时情况正好相反——公众趋势影响社交媒体内容”，空格处意为“相反”，是固定短语the other way round，故填the other way round。 【75题详解】 考查固定短语和不定式。句意：这是我们想要传达给公众的信息。由“message”和“to the public”可知，句子表示“这是我们想要传达给公众的信息”，空格处意为“传达，使理解”，是固定短语get across，want to do sth.是固定短语，意为“想要做某事”，因此get用原形，故填get across。 【76题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：当她最好的朋友忘记她的生日时，她感到很失望。由“when her best friend forgot her birthday”可知，句子表示“当她最好的朋友忘记她的生日时，她感到很失望”，空格处意为“失望”，“让……失望”是let...down，用过去分词表被动，作表语，故填let down。 【77题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：考虑到雨下得很大，我们应该推迟野餐。由“it’s raining heavily, we should postpone the picnic”可知，句子表示“考虑到雨下得很大，我们应该推迟野餐”，空格处意为“考虑到”，是固定短语given that，引导条件状语从句，位于句首的单词首字母大写，故填Given that。 【78题详解】 考查固定短语和不定式。句意：我妈妈需要发泄的时候会烤面包，这有助于她放松和集中注意力。由“it helps her relax and focus”可知，句子表示“我妈妈需要发泄的时候会烤面包，这有助于她放松和集中注意力”，空格处意为“发泄”，是固定短语let off steam，need to do sth.是固定短语，意为“需要做某事”，因此let用原形，故填let off steam。 【79题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：早期的研究表明，微塑料可能会增加患肺癌的风险。由“microplastics”和“lung cancer risk”可知，句子表示“早期的研究表明，微塑料可能会增加患肺癌的风险”，空格处意为“促使，导致”，是固定短语contribute to，may是情态动词，后接动词原形，故填contribute to。 【80题详解】 考查固定短语和不定式。句意：建造城堡的城墙是为了保护城市不受侵略者的入侵。由“The castle walls”，“the city”和“invaders”可知，句子表示“建造城堡的城墙是为了保护城市不受侵略者的入侵”，空格处意为“保护……免受……”，是固定短语defend...from，第一空处用不定式表目的，因此动词不定式符号to后defend用原形，故填①defend，②from。 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$