精品解析：2025年河南省周口市沈丘县中考一模英语试题

2025年河南省中招重点初中模拟考试(一) 英语试卷 注意事项： 1.本试卷分试题卷和答题卡两部分，试题卷共8页，满分120分，考试时间100分钟。 2.试题卷上不要答题，请用0.5毫米黑色签字水笔直接把答案写在答题卡上。答在试题卷上的答案无效。 3.答题前，考生务必将本人姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡第一面的指定位置上。 一、听力理解(20小题，每小题1分，共20分) 第一节听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案。每段对话读两遍。 1 What may the film be like? A. Interesting. B. Boring. C. Wonderful. 2. Who is the gift for? A. The man's wife. B. The man's mother. C. The man's friend. 3. How did John get to school today? A. By bike. B. By car. C. By bus. 4. Why did Lucy spend a year in Thailand? A. To have a trip. B. To study. C. To visit a friend. 5. Which homework has the girl finished? 第二节 听下面几段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6至第7两个小题。 6. How often does Susan exercise? A. Once a week. B. Twice a week. C. Three times a week. 7. When will they meet? A. At 6:45. B. At 7:00. C. At 7:15. 听下面一段对话，回答第8至第9两个小题。 8. What day is it today? A. Monday. B. Thursday. C. Saturday. 9. How many eggs will Tony buy? A. Seven. B. Nine. C. Eleven. 听下面一段独白，回答第10 至第12三个小题。 10. Which country does the speaker talk about? A China. B. Britain. C. India. 11. Why was the officer angry? A. Because the driver didn't like him. B. Because the driver didn't understand him. C. Because he thought the driver refused him. 12. What's the right order of the foreign officer's mood(心情)? A. Angry→surprised→happy. B. Surprised→happy→sad. C. Happy→surprised→angry. 听下面一段对话，回答第13 至第15 三个小题。 13. What is the relationship between the two speakers? A. Teacher and student. B. Waitress and customer. C. Father and daughter. 14. Where does the man want to sit? A. Beside the window. B. In the corner. C. Near the door. 15. How soon will the man get his food? A. In ten minutes. B. In twelve minutes. C. In twenty minutes. 第三节 听下面一篇短文。按照你所听内容的先后顺序将下列图片排序。短文读两遍。 16._________ 17. _________ 18. _________ 19. _________ 20. _________ 二、阅读理解(20小题，每小题2分，共40分) 阅读下面四篇语言材料，然后按文后要求做题。 A The earth is about 4,600 million years old. Modern man has lived on earth for only 35,000 years, but during the time, we have changed our planet in many ways. Some things that we have done are good for ourselves, but not good for the earth. Water pollution A lot of people, birds and fish die each day because of water pollution. Wastewater from factories has polluted the land and the water. As a result, many rivers and lakes are now dead. Air pollution In big cities, factories as well as cars, trucks and buses are the biggest causes of air pollution. Many people in cities now have health problems. For example, Mexico City used to be a beautiful, sunny capital, but today it is covered by thick brown clouds. Soil pollution In order to have a good harvest, most of the farmers use chemicals too much in their fields. That’s bad for the soil. In many rich lands, farmers can’t get better crops. But this kind of pollution is difficult to stop. Hope for the future These problems are very serious to our future, so all of us should do something to improve our environment. If we can stop pollution, our planet will become more and more beautiful and we will be healthier and healthier. Let’s be greener people! 根据材料内容，选择最佳答案。 1. ________ have made the earth change a lot. A. People on other planets B. Animals C. Plants D. Human beings 2. There are ________ kinds of pollution in this passage. A. two B. three C. four D. five 3. Many rich lands can’t give better crops because of ________ A. noise pollution B. air pollution C. soil pollution D. water pollution 4. Which sentence is NOT true according to the passage? A. Because of water pollution, many rivers and lakes are now dead. B. We must stop the factories from pouring wastewater into rivers and lakes. C. In order to have a good harvest, most of the farmers use animal waste in their fields. D. Water pollution is very serious nowadays. 5. What can we learn from the passage? A. Though Mexico City is almost covered by thick brown clouds, it’s still a beautiful, sunny capital. B. We should do our best to reduce pollution to protect our environment. C. Now fewer farmers use chemicals in the fields D. There is lots of pollution in the world, but it doesn’t influence our life. B Imagine that air pollution is no longer a problem. Clean air is all around us, and people don’t have to worry about polluting the air when they drive their cars. They no longer need to face the problem of not having enough fuel, either. Although scientists have been trying for many years to develop a new kind of car that doesn’t need gasoline (汽油). They have been unsuccessful. Recently, however, car engineers have succeeded in creating a new kind of car that runs on gasoline and electricity: This is the famous “hybrid car (混合动力车)”. This car gets its name from the fact that it has a gasoline engine (引擎) and an electric motor inside. Hybrid cars do not pollute the environment as much as the cars used today. They also cost drivers less money because they need less fuel than ordinary cars. Hybrid cars are becoming widely popular in the United States.They are soon expected to become widely used around the world. If scientists and engineers continue to work on car development, clean air might become real in the future. 根据材料内容，选择最佳答案。 6. The underlined word “they” in paragraph (段落) 2 means _________. A. cars B. drivers C. engines D. scientists 7. Hybrid cars _________. A. increase air pollution B. run only on electricity C. have no engines inside D. need less fuel than ordinary cars 8. The passage tells us that with the development of cars, we may _________. A like electric cars B. drive cars easily C. live in the world with clean air D. understand how hybrid cars work 9. Which of the following statements is TRUE? A. Air pollution is no longer a problem soon. B. Hybrid cars pollute the environment as much as the cars that are commonly used today. C. In the United States, all the cars are hybrid cars. D. Hybrid cars have a gasoline engine and an electric motor inside. 10 The best title for the passage would be _________. A. The Future of the Car B. The Meaning of Hybrid C. The Use of Hybrid Cars D. The Invention of the Car C Pollution means adding dirty or harmful things to land, air, water and so on. In our daily life, we can see different kinds of pollution. There are three main forms (形式) of pollution: soil pollution, air pollution and water pollution. Solid waste, such as bottles, plastic things and cans (罐子), causes soil pollution. And they aren’t broken down (分解) quickly. However, air pollution is more serious than soil pollution. It’s much worse in cities because of waste gas from traffic and other human activities. Cars can give off CO₂, NO₂ and SO₂. After these bad gases get into the air, they may mix with clouds. Then they will become some harmful chemicals falling on the ground with rain. The bad rain water pollutes both soil and water. Pollution causes many health problems. People have many ways to control pollution. To develop new energy (能源) instead of oil and coal is very popular in many countries. China is trying hard to use sun energy and wind energy. It has paid plenty of money to make electric cars and trains instead of traditional traffic. We should also make our environment cleaner every day. Take cloth bags while shopping and drive cars less. We have only one earth. We must protect it for the future. 根据材料内容，选择最佳答案。 11. Which is not one of the three main forms of pollution? A. Air pollution. B. Noise pollution. C. Soil pollution. D. Water pollution. 12. The underlined word “solid” means _________. A. 气体 B. 液体 C. 固体 D. 流体 13. The writer thinks _________ pollution is much worse in cities. A. air B. noise C. soil D. water 14 Which of the following is NOT mentioned (提到)? A. The harmful rain water pollutes water and soil. B. To develop new energy is a useful way to control pollution. C. We should use cloth bags while shopping. D. More and more people drive their cars less in China. 15. The main idea of the passage is _________. A. to introduce some kinds of pollution and the ways to control it B. to introduce the development of new energy C. to introduce air pollution caused by human activities D. to encourage us to use sun energy and wind energy D All kinds of pollution are around us. They are harmful to our health. At the same time, they are destroying our planet—the earth. The earth is our home. We live on it, and it’s the source of life. ___16___ Mother Earth holds us with her warm sunshine, touches us with her wind and kisses us with her rain. ___17___ All the fishes, whales and dolphins swim in the oceans. We are all one big family. Is that right? ___18___ People are cutting down woods, throwing garbage into the oceans and rivers, giving off harmful gas into the air and filling the blue sky with pollution. Where will the whales and dolphins swim when the oceans are too dirty? ___19___ Please love Mother Earth as much as we love ourselves. ___20___ If we care for our mother, she’ll protect us. Please remember that the earth is our home. In order to protect it, we should reduce the pollution as much as possible. 根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使短文意思通顺、内容完整。 A. Where can the birds fly when the sky is full of terrible gas? B. However, because of various kinds of pollution, the lives of many animals are in danger. C. If we love our Earth, we will care for it. D. That’s why we call it Mother Earth. E. Animals walk on her land and birds fly in her sky. 三、完形填空(15 小题，每小题1分，共15分) 先通读短文，掌握其大意，然后从 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个可以填入相应空白处的最佳答案。 Today, I’m going to tell you about a big fan of football. As ___21___ knows, the 2018 FIFA World Cup was held successfully in Russia, ___22___ the final in the capital city—Moscow on July 15th. As a crazy fan of football,47-year-old Liu Jinsong from Hunan Province ___23___ to ride there to watch the final on the scene. His bike was bought a year ago ___24___ left in a corner of his room, because he was always busy running his restaurant. Liu thought cycling to Russia would be ___25___, but fun and special. He said, “I’m also a fan of rock music, and my understanding of the ___26___ music is to follow my heart.” Liu ___27___ three days preparing for the long journey, and on the morning of April 26th, he ___28___ began the journey. On May 8th, Liu arrived in Beijing, and he took a two-day break there. He said his body had ___29___ riding for over 10 hours at a time. On May 28th. Liu ___30___ the China-Russia dividing line and crossed into a foreign country for the first time in his life. The people Liu met on his way were all ___31___ and kind-hearted. He was ___32___ comfortable bedrooms more than once in Russia. Liu said, “I’m not trying to prove anything to anyone. I just want to do ___33___ and I believe I can.” Do you want to know ___34___ Liu succeeded in getting to the capital city of Russia at last? ___35___ surf (在……冲浪) the Internet and find it out yourself? 21. A. nobody B. someone C. everyone D. everywhere 22. A. with B. around C. beyond D. against 23. A. discovered B. refused C. suggested D. decided 24. A. and B. or C. so D. but 25. A. single B. difficult C. missing D. amazed 26. A. worrying B. surprising C. exciting D. boring 27. A. reviewed B. spent C. connected D. succeeded 28. A. finally B. correctly C. exactly D. heavily 29. A. come up with B. looked forward to C. paid attention to D. got used to 30. A. got B. arrived C. reached D. gave 31. A. helpful B. active C. curious D. polite 32. A. asked B. offered C. increased D. reported 33. A. them B. one C. it D. those 34. A. what B. which C. that D. whether 35. A. Why don’t B. What about C. Why not D. How about 四、语篇填空(15小题，每小题1分，共15分) 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。 每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 pollute， terrible， little， waste， to， because，problem， cause， either， produce When we talk about air or water pollution, the feelings against it are stronger. This is ___36___ we can see the effect caused by the pollution very clearly. Our land, on the other hand, is living a terrible life, too.We may not be able to see the effect clearly, but our land is being ___37___ and destroyed. Land pollution has come to become one of the serious ___38___ for us. Land pollution, in other words, means doing some ___39___ things on the earth’s face and soil. Land pollution has ___40___ different kinds of problems. The farm land is becoming poorer and ___41___, and the area of forests is becoming smaller and smaller. However, cities and towns, because of their growing population, are turning into bigger ones day by day. They need more land to meet their development,___42___ in buildings or in life. Some chemicals thrown away everywhere make land not be used again. Mining (采矿) activities also make some land wasted. Building ___43___ takes up some land. Land pollution makes farm land not enough to ___44___ food for humans. It also changes the green cover of a place, even the climate there. All these are harmful ___45___ human health. Isn’t it time for us to do something from now on? 阅读短文，根据语篇要求填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词。 When I had something difficult to do, I liked to ask my mother for help. But she always said, “___46___ it yourself, dear.” I was not happy about this at all. I thought she was the laziest mother I had ever seen! For example, one day, I decided to invite some friends to my home. My bedroom ___47___ in order. Books were everywhere, and I didn’t make the bed. I asked my mother to help me clean it, ___48___ she still-said “Do it yourself.” Because ___49___ my “lazy mother”, I had to wash my clothes and clean my room. I had to help my parents do housework. I even had to go to the doctor by myself. ___50___ really difficult for me to do a good job, but I have learned a lot. As time goes by, I start to understand my mother. She made me clever and hard working. A good mother is worth 100 teachers. 五、补全对话(5小题，每小题2分，共10分) 根据下面的对话情景，在每个空白处填上一个适当的句子，使对话的意思连贯、完整。 A: _____51_____? I called you, but you weren’t in your office last night. B: I’ve been to a paper factory. A: _____52_____? B: I found out that the factory was pouring waste water into the river near it. The river has become very dirty. Lots of fish have been dead. A: _____53_____. Do you think we can do something? B: _____54_____. We can write a story about it to the newspaper. A: _____55_____. Businessmen are afraid of newspapers. 六、书面表达(20分) 56. 随着环境污染与生态破坏问题的日益严重，保护环境成为人们关注的重要问题。假设你是赵凯，请你根据下面的表格内容，写一篇英语发言稿，号召大家保护环境。 现象 造成的后果 空气污染 对身体有害 水污染 使鱼类死亡 砍伐树木 引起沙尘暴 (sandsorm) 要求： 1. 包括表格信息，可适当发挥； 2. 80词左右。 __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2025年河南省中招重点初中模拟考试(一) 英语试卷 注意事项： 1.本试卷分试题卷和答题卡两部分，试题卷共8页，满分120分，考试时间100分钟。 2.试题卷上不要答题，请用0.5毫米黑色签字水笔直接把答案写在答题卡上。答在试题卷上的答案无效。 3.答题前，考生务必将本人姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡第一面的指定位置上。 一、听力理解(20小题，每小题1分，共20分) 第一节听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案。每段对话读两遍。 1. What may the film be like? A. Interesting. B. Boring. C. Wonderful. 2. Who is the gift for? A. The man's wife. B. The man's mother. C. The man's friend. 3. How did John get to school today? A By bike. B. By car. C. By bus. 4. Why did Lucy spend a year in Thailand? A. To have a trip. B. To study. C. To visit a friend. 5. Which homework has the girl finished? 第二节 听下面几段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6至第7两个小题。 6. How often does Susan exercise? A. Once a week. B. Twice a week. C. Three times a week. 7. When will they meet? A. At 6:45. B. At 7:00. C. At 7:15. 听下面一段对话，回答第8至第9两个小题。 8. What day is it today? A. Monday. B. Thursday. C. Saturday. 9. How many eggs will Tony buy? A. Seven. B. Nine. C. Eleven. 听下面一段独白，回答第10 至第12三个小题。 10. Which country does the speaker talk about? A. China. B. Britain. C. India. 11. Why was the officer angry? A. Because the driver didn't like him. B. Because the driver didn't understand him. C. Because he thought the driver refused him. 12. What's the right order of the foreign officer's mood(心情)? A. Angry→surprised→happy. B. Surprised→happy→sad. C. Happy→surprised→angry. 听下面一段对话，回答第13 至第15 三个小题。 13. What is the relationship between the two speakers? A. Teacher and student. B. Waitress and customer. C. Father and daughter. 14. Where does the man want to sit? A. Beside the window. B. In the corner. C. Near the door. 15. How soon will the man get his food? A. In ten minutes. B. In twelve minutes. C. In twenty minutes. 第三节 听下面一篇短文。按照你所听内容的先后顺序将下列图片排序。短文读两遍。 16._________ 17. _________ 18. _________ 19. _________ 20. _________ 二、阅读理解(20小题，每小题2分，共40分) 阅读下面四篇语言材料，然后按文后要求做题。 A The earth is about 4,600 million years old. Modern man has lived on earth for only 35,000 years, but during the time, we have changed our planet in many ways. Some things that we have done are good for ourselves, but not good for the earth. Water pollution A lot of people, birds and fish die each day because of water pollution. Wastewater from factories has polluted the land and the water. As a result, many rivers and lakes are now dead. Air pollution In big cities, factories as well as cars, trucks and buses are the biggest causes of air pollution. Many people in cities now have health problems. For example, Mexico City used to be a beautiful, sunny capital, but today it is covered by thick brown clouds. Soil pollution In order to have a good harvest, most of the farmers use chemicals too much in their fields. That’s bad for the soil. In many rich lands, farmers can’t get better crops. But this kind of pollution is difficult to stop. Hope for the future These problems are very serious to our future, so all of us should do something to improve our environment. If we can stop pollution, our planet will become more and more beautiful and we will be healthier and healthier. Let’s be greener people! 根据材料内容，选择最佳答案。 1. ________ have made the earth change a lot. A. People on other planets B. Animals C. Plants D. Human beings 2. There are ________ kinds of pollution in this passage. A. two B. three C. four D. five 3. Many rich lands can’t give better crops because of ________ A. noise pollution B. air pollution C. soil pollution D. water pollution 4. Which sentence is NOT true according to the passage? A. Because of water pollution, many rivers and lakes are now dead. B. We must stop the factories from pouring wastewater into rivers and lakes. C. In order to have a good harvest, most of the farmers use animal waste in their fields. D. Water pollution is very serious nowadays. 5. What can we learn from the passage? A. Though Mexico City is almost covered by thick brown clouds, it’s still a beautiful, sunny capital. B. We should do our best to reduce pollution to protect our environment. C. Now fewer farmers use chemicals in the fields D. There is lots of pollution in the world, but it doesn’t influence our life. 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C 4. C 5. B 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了人类造成的三种污染：水污染，空气污染和土壤污染对对环境造成的影响，倡议人们要停止污染保护我们的地球。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据“but during the time, we have changed our planet in many ways”可知，人类在很多方面改变了星球。故选D。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Water Pollution”、“Air Pollution”和“Soil Pollution”可知，文中提到了水污染、空气污染、土壤污染共三种。故选B。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据“In order to have a good harvest, most of the farmers use chemicals too much in their fields. That’s bad for the soil. In many rich lands, farmers can’t get better crops.”可知，为了获得好收成，大多数农民在田地里使用过多的化学药品。这对土壤不好。在许多肥沃的土地上，农民无法获得更好的作物。故选C。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据“In order to have a good harvest, most of the farmers use chemicals too much in their fields.”可知，为了获得好收成，大多数农民在田地里使用过多的化学药品。故选C。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据“These problems are very serious to our future, so all of us should do something to improve our environment.”可知，污染问题对我们的未来非常严重，所以我们所有人都应该做些什么来改善我们的环境。故选B。 B Imagine that air pollution is no longer a problem. Clean air is all around us, and people don’t have to worry about polluting the air when they drive their cars. They no longer need to face the problem of not having enough fuel, either. Although scientists have been trying for many years to develop a new kind of car that doesn’t need gasoline (汽油). They have been unsuccessful. Recently, however, car engineers have succeeded in creating a new kind of car that runs on gasoline and electricity: This is the famous “hybrid car (混合动力车)”. This car gets its name from the fact that it has a gasoline engine (引擎) and an electric motor inside. Hybrid cars do not pollute the environment as much as the cars used today. They also cost drivers less money because they need less fuel than ordinary cars. Hybrid cars are becoming widely popular in the United States.They are soon expected to become widely used around the world. If scientists and engineers continue to work on car development, clean air might become real in the future. 根据材料内容，选择最佳答案。 6. The underlined word “they” in paragraph (段落) 2 means _________. A. cars B. drivers C. engines D. scientists 7. Hybrid cars _________. A. increase air pollution B. run only on electricity C. have no engines inside D. need less fuel than ordinary cars 8. The passage tells us that with the development of cars, we may _________. A. like electric cars B. drive cars easily C. live in the world with clean air D understand how hybrid cars work 9. Which of the following statements is TRUE? A. Air pollution is no longer a problem soon. B. Hybrid cars pollute the environment as much as the cars that are commonly used today. C. In the United States, all the cars are hybrid cars. D. Hybrid cars have a gasoline engine and an electric motor inside. 10. The best title for the passage would be _________. A. The Future of the Car B. The Meaning of Hybrid C. The Use of Hybrid Cars D. The Invention of the Car 【答案】6. D 7. D 8. C 9. D 10. C 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了混合动力车的优势及对未来清洁空气的展望。 【6题详解】 词义指代题。根据第二段“Although scientists have been trying for many years to develop a new kind of car that doesn't need gasoline (汽油). They have been unsuccessful.”可知，科学家们还没有研制出一种不需要汽油的汽车，故划线单词“They”代指“科学家”。故选D。 【7题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“They also cost drivers less money because they need less fuel than ordinary cars.”可知，混合动力车比普通汽车消耗更少燃料。故选D。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“If scientists and engineers continue to work on car development, clean air might become real in the future.”可知，如果科学家和工程师继续努力研制汽车的发展，那么未来我们可能会拥有清洁的空气。故选C。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“This car gets its name from the fact that it has a gasoline engine (引擎) and an electric motor inside.”可知，混合动力车内部有一个汽油引擎和一个电动机。故选D。 10题详解】 最佳标题题。文章围绕混合动力车的优势及对未来清洁空气的展望展开，选项C“混合动力车的使用。”概括了主题。故选C。 C Pollution means adding dirty or harmful things to land, air, water and so on. In our daily life, we can see different kinds of pollution. There are three main forms (形式) of pollution: soil pollution, air pollution and water pollution. Solid waste, such as bottles, plastic things and cans (罐子), causes soil pollution. And they aren’t broken down (分解) quickly. However, air pollution is more serious than soil pollution. It’s much worse in cities because of waste gas from traffic and other human activities. Cars can give off CO₂, NO₂ and SO₂. After these bad gases get into the air, they may mix with clouds. Then they will become some harmful chemicals falling on the ground with rain. The bad rain water pollutes both soil and water. Pollution causes many health problems. People have many ways to control pollution. To develop new energy (能源) instead of oil and coal is very popular in many countries. China is trying hard to use sun energy and wind energy. It has paid plenty of money to make electric cars and trains instead of traditional traffic. We should also make our environment cleaner every day. Take cloth bags while shopping and drive cars less. We have only one earth. We must protect it for the future. 根据材料内容，选择最佳答案。 11. Which is not one of the three main forms of pollution? A. Air pollution. B. Noise pollution. C. Soil pollution. D. Water pollution. 12. The underlined word “solid” means _________. A. 气体 B. 液体 C. 固体 D. 流体 13. The writer thinks _________ pollution is much worse in cities. A. air B. noise C. soil D. water 14. Which of the following is NOT mentioned (提到)? A. The harmful rain water pollutes water and soil. B. To develop new energy is a useful way to control pollution. C. We should use cloth bags while shopping. D. More and more people drive their cars less in China. 15. The main idea of the passage is _________. A. to introduce some kinds of pollution and the ways to control it B. to introduce the development of new energy C. to introduce air pollution caused by human activities D. to encourage us to use sun energy and wind energy 【答案】11. B 12. C 13. A 14. D 15. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍污染的种类和调控措施。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据“There are three main forms (形式) of pollution: soil pollution, air pollution and water pollution.”可知，作者认为的三种主要污染是空气污染、水污染和土壤污染。故选B。 【12题详解】 词句猜测题。根据“bottles, plastic things and cans”可知，瓶子、塑料制品和罐子均是固体，素以划线部分的含义是“固体”。故选C。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据“However, air pollution is more serious than soil pollution. It’s much worse in cities because of waste gas from traffic and other human activities.”可知，作者认为城市里的空气污染更加严重。故选A。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据“The bad rain water pollutes both soil and water.”可知，A项提及；根据“People have many ways to control pollution. To develop new energy (能源) instead of oil and coal is very popular in many countries.”可知，B项提及；根据“Take cloth bags while shopping and drive cars less.”可知，C项提及。故选D。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍污染的种类和调控措施，A项符合。故选A。 D All kinds of pollution are around us. They are harmful to our health. At the same time, they are destroying our planet—the earth. The earth is our home. We live on it, and it’s the source of life. ___16___ Mother Earth holds us with her warm sunshine, touches us with her wind and kisses us with her rain. ___17___ All the fishes, whales and dolphins swim in the oceans. We are all one big family. Is that right? ___18___ People are cutting down woods, throwing garbage into the oceans and rivers, giving off harmful gas into the air and filling the blue sky with pollution. Where will the whales and dolphins swim when the oceans are too dirty? ___19___ Please love Mother Earth as much as we love ourselves. ___20___ If we care for our mother, she’ll protect us. Please remember that the earth is our home. In order to protect it, we should reduce the pollution as much as possible. 根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使短文意思通顺、内容完整。 A. Where can the birds fly when the sky is full of terrible gas? B. However, because of various kinds of pollution, the lives of many animals are in danger. C. If we love our Earth, we will care for it. D. That’s why we call it Mother Earth. E. Animals walk on her land and birds fly in her sky. 【答案】16. D 17. E 18. B 19. A 20. C 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了人类身边的环境污染问题，并号召人们积极保护环境，爱护我们与动物共同的地球。 【16题详解】 根据“it’s the source of life”可知，地球是生命之源，此处是总结原因，D项“这就是为什么我们称它为地球母亲。”符合语境。故选D。 【17题详解】 根据“Mother Earth holds us with her warm sunshine, touches us with her wind and kisses us with her rain.”及“All the fishes, whales and dolphins swim in the oceans.”可知，前文提到了自然元素，后文提及海洋生物，此处补充陆地与天空的动物，形成完整画面，E项“动物在她的土地上行走，鸟儿在她的天空中飞翔。”符合语境。故选E。 【18题详解】 根据“People are cutting down woods, throwing garbage into the oceans and rivers, giving off harmful gas into the air and filling the blue sky with pollution.”可知，列举了人类破坏环境的行为，此处会提及后果，B项“然而，由于各种各样的污染，许多动物的生命处于危险之中。”符合语境。故选B。 【19题详解】 根据“Where will the whales and dolphins swim when the oceans are too dirty? ”可知，提出了海洋污染后鲸鱼和海豚如何生存的问题，此处应与“海洋污染”形成并列，A项“当天空充满可怕的气体时，鸟儿能飞到哪里去？”符合语境。故选A。 【20题详解】 根据“Please love Mother Earth as much as we love ourselves.”及“If we care for our mother, she’ll protect us.”可知，前文呼吁爱地球如爱自己，后文强调关心地球母亲，她会保护我们。C项“如果我们爱我们的地球，我们就会爱护它。”符合语境。故选C。 三、完形填空(15 小题，每小题1分，共15分) 先通读短文，掌握其大意，然后从 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个可以填入相应空白处的最佳答案。 Today, I’m going to tell you about a big fan of football. As ___21___ knows, the 2018 FIFA World Cup was held successfully in Russia, ___22___ the final in the capital city—Moscow on July 15th. As a crazy fan of football,47-year-old Liu Jinsong from Hunan Province ___23___ to ride there to watch the final on the scene. His bike was bought a year ago ___24___ left in a corner of his room, because he was always busy running his restaurant. Liu thought cycling to Russia would be ___25___, but fun and special. He said, “I’m also a fan of rock music, and my understanding of the ___26___ music is to follow my heart.” Liu ___27___ three days preparing for the long journey, and on the morning of April 26th, he ___28___ began the journey. On May 8th, Liu arrived in Beijing, and he took a two-day break there. He said his body had ___29___ riding for over 10 hours at a time. On May 28th. Liu ___30___ the China-Russia dividing line and crossed into a foreign country for the first time in his life. The people Liu met on his way were all ___31___ and kind-hearted. He was ___32___ comfortable bedrooms more than once in Russia. Liu said, “I’m not trying to prove anything to anyone. I just want to do ___33___ and I believe I can.” Do you want to know ___34___ Liu succeeded in getting to the capital city of Russia at last? ___35___ surf (在……冲浪) the Internet and find it out yourself? 21. A. nobody B. someone C. everyone D. everywhere 22. A. with B. around C. beyond D. against 23. A. discovered B. refused C. suggested D. decided 24. A. and B. or C. so D. but 25. A. single B. difficult C. missing D. amazed 26. A. worrying B. surprising C. exciting D. boring 27. A. reviewed B. spent C. connected D. succeeded 28. A. finally B. correctly C. exactly D. heavily 29. A. come up with B. looked forward to C. paid attention to D. got used to 30. A. got B. arrived C. reached D. gave 31. A. helpful B. active C. curious D. polite 32. A. asked B. offered C. increased D. reported 33. A. them B. one C. it D. those 34. A. what B. which C. that D. whether 35. A. Why don’t B. What about C. Why not D. How about 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 24. D 25. B 26. C 27. B 28. A 29. D 30. C 31. A 32. B 33. C 34. D 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了来自湖南的47岁足球迷刘松，决定骑车前往俄罗斯观看2018年世界杯决赛，他克服困难，途中得到很多热心帮助，展现了他对足球的热爱和坚定信念，最后引发读者去探究他是否成功抵达俄罗斯首都。 【21题详解】 句意：众所周知，2018年国际足联世界杯在俄罗斯成功举办，决赛于7月15日在首都莫斯科举行。 nobody没有人；someone某人；everyone每个人；everywhere到处。as everyone knows是固定表达，意为“众所周知”，符合语境。故选C。 【22题详解】 句意：众所周知，2018年国际足联世界杯在俄罗斯成功举办，决赛于7月15日在首都莫斯科举行。 with和……一起；around 在……周围；beyond超过；against反对。with在此处表示伴随，with the final…表示“决赛……” ，符合语境，故选A。 【23题详解】 句意：作为一名狂热的足球迷，来自湖南的47岁刘松决定骑车去那里观看现场决赛。 discovered发现；refused拒绝；suggested建议；decided决定。根据“As a crazy fan of football…the final on the scene.”可知，这里是说他决定骑车去看决赛，decide to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“决定做某事”。故选D。 【24题详解】 句意：他的自行车是一年前买的，但一直被闲置在他房间的角落里，因为他总是忙着经营他的餐馆。 and和；or 或者；so所以；but但是。根据“His bike was bought a year…running his restaurant.”可知，前半句说自行车一年前买的，后半句说闲置在角落，存在转折关系，故选D。 【25题详解】 句意：刘认为骑车去俄罗斯会很困难，但有趣且特别。 single单一的；difficult困难的；missing丢失的；amazed惊奇的。结合常识，骑车去俄罗斯路程远，是有难度的，故选B。 【26题详解】 句意：他说：“我也是一个摇滚音乐迷，我对令人兴奋的音乐的理解是追随我的内心。” worrying令人担忧的；surprising令人惊讶的；exciting令人兴奋的；boring令人厌烦的。根据“I’m also a fan of rock music”可知，前文提到是摇滚音乐迷，摇滚音乐通常是令人兴奋的，故选C。 【27题详解】 句意：刘花了三天时间为这次长途旅行做准备，4月26日早上，他终于开始了旅程。 reviewed复习；spent花费；connected连接；succeeded成功。spend+时间+doing sth.固定搭配，意为“花费时间做某事”，这里表示花三天时间准备旅行。故选B。 【28题详解】 句意：刘花了三天时间为这次长途旅行做准备，4月26日早上，他终于开始了旅程。 finally终于；correctly正确地；exactly确切地；heavily沉重地。根据“on the morning of April 26th, he…began the journey.”可知，此处指的是经过准备，终于开始旅程，故选A。 【29题详解】 句意：5月8日，刘抵达北京，他在那里休息了两天。他说他的身体已经习惯了一次骑行10个多小时。 come up with想出；looked forward to期待；paid attention to注意；got used to习惯于。根据“He said his body…at a time.”可知，经过一段时间骑行，身体习惯了长时间骑行，故选D。 【30题详解】 句意：5月28日，刘到达中俄分界线，这他人生中第一次进入外国。 got得到；arrived到达，后需接介词in/at； reached到达，及物动词，可直接接地点；gave给。这里直接接地点“the China -Russia dividing line”，用“reached”。故选C。 【31题详解】 句意：刘在途中遇到的人都很乐于助人且心地善良。 helpful乐于助人的；active积极的；curious好奇的；polite礼貌的。 根据后文“He was…comfortable bedrooms more than once in Russia.”可知，他在俄罗斯多次被提供舒适卧室，可知遇到的人乐于助人，故选A。 【32题详解】 句意：在俄罗斯，他不止一次被提供舒适的卧室。 asked问；offered提供；increased增加；reported报道。 be offered sth.表示“被提供某物”，符合语境。故选B。 【33题详解】 句意：刘说：“我不是想向任何人证明什么。我只是想做这件事，而且我相信我能做到。” them它们；one一个；it它；those那些。根据“I just want to do…and I believe I can”可知，这里用“it”代指骑车去俄罗斯看决赛这件事。故选C。 【34题详解】 句意：你想知道刘最终是否成功到达俄罗斯首都吗？ what什么；which哪一个；that 无实义（引导宾语从句时可省略）；whether是否。根据“Do you want to…city of Russia at last?”可知，这里是询问是否成功到达，故选D。 【35题详解】 句意：为什么不上网自己查一下呢？ Why don’t后需接主语和动词原形，为什么不……；What about后接动名词，……怎么样；Why not后接动词原形，“为什么不……” ；How about后接动名词，……怎么样。Why not surf the Internet…表示“为什么不上网……”，符合句子结构和语境。故选C。 四、语篇填空(15小题，每小题1分，共15分) 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。 每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 pollute， terrible， little， waste， to， because，problem， cause， either， produce When we talk about air or water pollution, the feelings against it are stronger. This is ___36___ we can see the effect caused by the pollution very clearly. Our land, on the other hand, is living a terrible life, too.We may not be able to see the effect clearly, but our land is being ___37___ and destroyed. Land pollution has come to become one of the serious ___38___ for us. Land pollution, in other words, means doing some ___39___ things on the earth’s face and soil. Land pollution has ___40___ different kinds of problems. The farm land is becoming poorer and ___41___, and the area of forests is becoming smaller and smaller. However, cities and towns, because of their growing population, are turning into bigger ones day by day. They need more land to meet their development,___42___ in buildings or in life. Some chemicals thrown away everywhere make land not be used again. Mining (采矿) activities also make some land wasted. Building ___43___ takes up some land. Land pollution makes farm land not enough to ___44___ food for humans. It also changes the green cover of a place, even the climate there. All these are harmful ___45___ human health. Isn’t it time for us to do something from now on? 【答案】36. because 37. polluted 38. problems 39. terrible 40. caused 41. less 42. either 43. waste 44. produce 45. to 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述土地污染日益严重，阐述其表现为在地表和土壤进行糟糕活动，已造成农田贫瘠、森林面积减小等多种问题，还会影响食物生产、生态环境及人类健康，呼吁人们行动起来保护环境。 【36题详解】 句意：这是因为我们能清楚地看到污染所造成的影响。根据“When we talk about air or…the pollution very clearly.”可知，前句提及对空气和水污染反对情绪强烈，此句阐述能清晰看到污染影响，后句是前句原因，故用because引导原因状语从句。故填because。 【37题详解】 句意：我们可能无法清楚地看到（污染的）影响，但我们的土地正受到污染和破坏。根据“We may not be able to…and destroyed.”可知，土地是被污染和破坏，pollute要用被动形式，故填polluted。 【38题详解】 句意：土地污染已成为我们面临的严重问题之一。 “one of+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”是固定结构，表示“最……之一”，这里说土地污染是严重问题，所以用problem的复数形式，故填problems。 【39题详解】 句意：换句话说，土地污染意味着在地球表面和土壤上做一些糟糕的事情。 根据“Land pollution, in other…face and soil.”可知，此处表明是做了些导致土地污染的糟糕事，需要形容词修饰things，故填terrible。 【40题详解】 句意：土地污染已经造成了不同种类的问题。根据“Land pollution has…kinds of problems.”可知，这里表示土地污染引发了各类问题，cause意为“造成；引起”，句子用现在完成时，所以用cause的过去分词，故填caused。 【41题详解】 句意：农田变得越来越贫瘠，（产量）越来越少，森林面积也越来越小。 与“poorer”并列，需用比较级体现负面变化，little的比较级less表示“更少的；更差的”，用于描述农田状况变差。故填less。 【42题详解】 句意：它们需要更多土地来满足发展需求，无论是在建筑方面还是在生活方面。 根据“They need more land to…buildings or in life.”可知，此句表明土地用于建筑或生活方面，either…or…是固定搭配 ，表示“要么……要么……”，故填either。 【43题详解】 句意：建筑垃圾占用了一些土地。 building waste表示“建筑垃圾”，符合语境，故填waste。 【44题详解】 句意：土地污染使农田不足以生产供人类食用的食物。根据“Land pollution…for humans”可知，这里表示生产食物，“to”后接动词原形构成不定式表目的，故填produce。 【45题详解】 句意：所有这些都对人类健康有害。be harmful to…是固定搭配，意为“对……有害”，故填to。 阅读短文，根据语篇要求填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词。 When I had something difficult to do, I liked to ask my mother for help. But she always said, “___46___ it yourself, dear.” I was not happy about this at all. I thought she was the laziest mother I had ever seen! For example, one day, I decided to invite some friends to my home. My bedroom ___47___ in order. Books were everywhere, and I didn’t make the bed. I asked my mother to help me clean it, ___48___ she still-said “Do it yourself.” Because ___49___ my “lazy mother”, I had to wash my clothes and clean my room. I had to help my parents do housework. I even had to go to the doctor by myself. ___50___ really difficult for me to do a good job, but I have learned a lot. As time goes by, I start to understand my mother. She made me clever and hard working. A good mother is worth 100 teachers. 【答案】46. Do 47. wasn’t 48. but 49. of 50. It’s 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者的母亲为了让作者独立，什么事情都让作者自己做。 【46题详解】 句意：但妈妈总是说“自己去做，亲爱的”。根据下文“she still said ‘Do it yourself.’ ”可知，空处指“你自己做”，需动词do，本句为祈使句，需动词原形，放句首时，首字母大写。故填Do。 【47题详解】 句意：我的卧室不整洁。根据“Books were everywhere, and I didn’t make the bed.”可知，我的卧室混乱不整齐，故空处需be动词的否定形式，因是回忆往事，时态为一般过去时，主语为My bedroom，be动词用was，其否定形式为wasn’t。故填wasn’t。 【48题详解】 句意：我请妈妈帮忙打扫，但她仍然说“自己去做”。根据空前后关系可知，空处表转折，用连词but。故填but。 【49题详解】 句意：因为我的“懒妈妈”，我不得不洗我的衣服并打扫房间。固定短语because of表示“因为……”，后接名词性成分。故填of。 【50题详解】 句意：这对我来说很难做好，但我学到了很多。根据分析句子成分可知，空处考查It’s+adj.+for sb. to do sth.句型，表示“做某事对某人来说很……”。故空处需It’s。 五、补全对话(5小题，每小题2分，共10分) 根据下面的对话情景，在每个空白处填上一个适当的句子，使对话的意思连贯、完整。 A: _____51_____? I called you, but you weren’t in your office last night. B: I’ve been to a paper factory. A: _____52_____? B: I found out that the factory was pouring waste water into the river near it. The river has become very dirty. Lots of fish have been dead. A: _____53_____. Do you think we can do something? B: _____54_____. We can write a story about it to the newspaper. A: _____55_____. Businessmen are afraid of newspapers. 【答案】51. Where have you been 52. What did you do there 53. That’s terrible 54. Yes, of course 55. Good idea (只要符合日常交际用语即可) 【解析】 【导语】本文是A和B围绕工厂污染环境而提出建议这一话题而展开的。 【51题详解】 根据“I’ve been to a paper factory.”可知，回答了所去的地方，故空处会询问之前去了哪里。故填Where have you been。 【52题详解】 根据“I found out that the factory was pouring waste water into the river near it.”可知，描述了在工厂做的事情，故空处会询问对方在那里干什么。故填What did you do there。 【53题详解】 根据“The river has become very dirty. Lots of fish have been dead.”可知，描述了工厂的污水带来的污染，故空处会对河流污染和死鱼表示震惊/担忧。故填That’s terrible。 【54题详解】 根据“Do you think we can do something?”以及“We can write a story about it to the newspaper.”可知，空处应该会肯定回答。故填Yes, of course。 【55题详解】 根据“We can write a story about it to the newspaper.”及“Businessmen are afraid of newspapers.”可知，空处会肯定对方的建议，可表达“好主意”。故填Good idea。 六、书面表达(20分) 56. 随着环境污染与生态破坏问题的日益严重，保护环境成为人们关注的重要问题。假设你是赵凯，请你根据下面的表格内容，写一篇英语发言稿，号召大家保护环境。 现象 造成的后果 空气污染 对身体有害 水污染 使鱼类死亡 砍伐树木 引起沙尘暴 (sandsorm) 要求： 1. 包括表格信息，可适当发挥； 2. 80词左右。 __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文： Hello, everyone! As we all know, the environment is getting worse and worse. Pollution can do great harm to people. Air pollution makes the air dirty. Polluted air can cause various diseases. Meanwhile, water pollution leads to the death of fish. Many rivers and lakes are now dead because of it. Cutting down too many trees can cause sandstorms, which can destroy our living environment. Let’s join hands to protect the environment. Small steps, like reducing waste and planting trees, can make a big difference. Thank you! 【解析】 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇发言稿； ②时态：时态为“一般现在时”； ③提示：写作要点已给出，注意不要遗漏信息，考生适当增加细节。 [写作步骤] 第一步，引出环境变差这一现状，接着指出污染对人的危害，为下文具体阐述做铺垫； 第二步，介绍空气污染、水污染和砍伐树木的危害； 第三步，最后呼吁大家携手行动，通过减少浪费、植树等小行动来保护环境。 [亮点词汇] ①as we all know众所周知 ②because of由于，因为 ③make a difference有影响，起作用 [高分句型] ①Cutting down too many trees can cause sandstorms, which can destroy our living environment. (which引导的定语从句) ②Let’s join hands to protect the environment. (祈使句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$