上海市闵行区莘庄中学2024-2025学年高二下学期期中英语试题

上海市擎庄中学2024学年第二学期期中考试 高二英语试卷 (满分:150分考试时间:120分钟) I. Listening Comprehension(3o 分) Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of eack conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once, After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper ard decide wktich one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. The new coach has been very effective, B. The team has to travel far for the next game C. The team shouldn't recruit any more players D, The new coach doesn't know the team very well 2. A. She thinks the room is too dark BShe doesn't understand it either C. She didn't really notice the mark D. She can't see the words on the board 3. A. Today's appointment will be canceled because of Luis' injury. B. Luis shouldn't leave her valuables lying around C. Luis shouldn't play volleyball at all today D. The volleyball game will begin soon 4. A. She has done half of it already. B. There's nothing wrong with it C. They have all semester to do it D. She agrees that it is very long 5. A. They left the meeting when the subject of pollution came up B. They didn't have enough knowledge to discuss pollution C. They dominated the part of the meeting about pollution D. They were most agreeable on the subject of pollution. 6. A. She needs to use her umbrella B. She has found her umbrella broken C. She'll get her umbrella out of the shelf D. She already lent her umbrella to someone 7. A. She's amusing B./She has a lot of energy C. She's thinking of giving up her job D. She should spend more time on her studies 8. A. The old coat isn't worth repairing B. He can mend the hole in the coat C. He just saw the woman's new coat D. The woman should take something for her sore throat. _ 9. A. Put more efforts into his work. B. Ask for a raise in salary. C. Open a savings account D. Get a better job 10. A. He can't find the meeting either B. The meeting is likely to be well attended C. The meeting was in room 110 the year before D. He has changed his mind about attending the meeting SectionB Ouestions 1I through 13 are based on the following passage 11. A. Georgia O'Keeffe's greatest work of art. B. Georgia O'Keeffe's trip around the world C. The private life of Georgia O'Keeffe. D. The paintings of Georgia O'K.eeffe 12. A.An airport B. A deserted street C. An astronaut in outer space C. A cloud formation 13. A. They generally create a sense of stillness and open space B. They are mostly portraits of the painter's friends and relatives C. They represent humans in a struggle with the forces of nature D. They are so realistic that they resemble ordinary photographic images Ouestions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage 14. A. To decide who was a good language learner B. To make sure that their training worked well C. To find out the difference between two sounds.' D. To help the participants to be successful learners 15. A. They usually speak at a greater speed B. They can tell who is speaking more easily C. They have more white matter in their brains D. They are more interested in language learning 16. A. To predict if people will do well in something B. To teach people how to process sound efficiently C. To provide a new way to explore the brain structure D. To discover clinical problems that we don't know now. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. B. Two advanced products 17. A. The man's inventions. D. The woman's idea of the future C. Development in technology B. It prevents cars from crash 18. A. It refers to a disease D. It locates the road sensors C. It replaces the backseat driver C B. Shake sleepy drivers awake D. Keep a record of a person's life 19. A. Work like contact lenses C. Improve your sense of sound B. It's like a lifesaver D. It's like a personal assistant 20. A. It's boring C. It's easy to carry II. Grammar and Vocabulary (25分) SectionA(10分) (read) a recently published report What's wrong with being an amateur? While 21 saying "many people who attend plays are themselves involved in a formn of amateur drama", August Schulenburg of the Flux Theatre questioned the divide 22_amateurs and professional artists. One reason for the barrier, he suggests, is fear. "When professional arts organizations draw rigid lines to protect it. Amateurs are perceive their value under threat, they 23___ pushed aside out of fear that they will somehow endanger the professional brands." But for Schulenburg, it's an outdated attitude towards amateurs. "The professional artist must be among them and of them; the amateur must be an equal partner on the stage,"24 soumds much like he is advocating the kind of large-scale community work. If so, he might have a point. The importance of forming a community rather than a passive audience is Douglas MacLennan has also picked up recently on a blog. In a post (headline)'Pay attention! If selling tickets is your business model, you've got a problem", he argues that theatres and other arts institutions will only survive if they "build community rather than audience". The idea is that you give the public reasons 27__(engage)with your company, you build loyalty so that their support is more than .theatres just a consumer transaction. Abigail Katz, a regular theater-goer, wonders offer good value for money. She has written recently in a post at the Playgoer blog that much of the theatre "doesn't do anything .. doesn't make me feel anything". Lynn Conner, one author of the report, also mentioned "I believe what is 29 (appealing)to today's potential arts audiences is the opportunity to co-author meaning. They don't want the arts: they want the experience. They want to gain the cultural rights py formng and exchanging opiniorthat 30 (value)in the community." SectionB (15分) Directions: complete the following passage by using the words in the box, Each word can only be used once, Note that there is one more word than you need A. empathy B. absence C. involve D. closeness E. constant E. counter G. demands H. deserves I. exposed J. sympathy K. rooted A Bit of Outside Help If you haven't experienced a significant loss in your life, then you are one of the lucky ones. If you have, then you probably already know how it feels like losing your mind In her extensive grief research, Mary O'Connor explains that when we experience a profound loss, our brains have to begin a yery long proces of rewirin allof.the pathways and predictions they made based on a loved one's presence, gradually switching overto an understanding of their . It can take years for our bodtes to make sense of the loss as we deal with__32_yearning (想念)while adapting to a new way of life. And it isn't just our brain chemistry turned upside down, but our whole bodies too. Research raises the risk for other chronic diseases like diabetes and __to our loved ones is protective against all sorts of external stresses in everyday life. But when they are gone, we are more likely to feel_34__to what life throws at us, causing a flood of stress hormones that affect our immune system. This should encourage us to give our grief the space and. support it rather than shutting it away and avoiding it. Too often, we don't know how to talk about grief, how to support the bodies of those grieving or how to show _36_for ourselves and each other. In many ways, the idea that grief progresses in stages towards an endpoint is deeply _37__.In reality, grief moves in cycles and is never "done". In the shifting landscape of grief, what we need is solid ground on which to learn how to function anew without intrusion(侵入)from the ___ __ or our busy, indoor life. Time outside promotes mindfulness, allowing the griever to__39__ themselves in the calming sense of nature. Gettng outside orten dials down the feelings of despair that grief ramps up, even ifjust for a short while There isn't yet much research on nature-based support for grieving people specifically, bu there is a lot of research on the physiological benefits of connecting with nature that can usefully 40 _many of the impacts of grief. Time outside lowers our blood pressure and the production of stress hormones, and decreases the risk of heart disease III. Reading Comprehension(15+22+8) SectionA(15分) Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context Could you eat your pet Guinea pig? In recent years, that question has become a classic xample in cultural anthropology (人类学) classes that relate to the __nature of our attitudes towards food Think about it. On one side of the great Guinea Pig Divide stand Andean cultures, who have long treated the furry creature as a nutritious source of food. On the other side are European and US cultures, where the animal is 42 considered a beloved pet. While western children would doubtlessly react with 43 to the idea of eating these little creatures, to some cultures in Ecuador and Peru it seems equally strange to cherish them as pets, 44_, how we treat guinea pigs is one of the many small ways in which we define our sense of what exactly is considered "exotic " As any anthropology class will also teach you, 45_ others as "exotic" or "weird", - because of food or anything else, also makes it easier to demonise (妖魔化) them. However, there is another side to this. Culture can often be more 46_ than we realise, particularly in a globalised age. Gideon Lasco, an anthropologist from the Philippines, has been studying the issue of how and why Andean cultures eat guinea pigs. His research starts by _47 _ that this food is a social divider not just between Andean cultures and the West, but also inside of countries such asPeru. Some Andean cultures have eaten guinea pigs, known as cuy, for centuries. But in recent decades, urban Peruvians have 48, knowing that westerners view the practice in a negative light More recently, however, notes Lasco, two striking _49_ have emerged. First, some western tourists have started to view eating guinea-pig dishes as 50_ While globalisation has already brought dishes from around the world into western supermarkets, chopped guinea pig is not yet 51 in Walmart, hence its value as an "experience". Second, some educated Peruvian have also become more interested in defining and championing what makes them 52_ in a globalized world by creating a new form of cuy cuisine in Lima. "As eating local' becomes more fashionable around the world, wealthier people have been 53__ time-honored foods." Lasco writes. Those furry creatures are no longer just a sign of global 54 but of cultural flexibility. This may not, however, make wester kids feel any better about the idea of their pets being cooked. But the issue should help them (and adults) to 55_ that our assumptions need not be set in stone, or cages 41.A. physical B. interactive C. local D. subjective 42 A. generally B. accordingly C. inadequately D. previously 43. A. delight B. relief C. horror D. understanding 44. A. In other words C. Even so B. What's more D. On the contrary B. deleting 45. A. strikcing C. helping D. labelling B. flexible 46. A. difficult C. relevant D. restricted 47. A.noting B. doubting C. demanding D. complaining 48. A. appeared B. stopped C. succeeded D. fainted 49. A contrasts B. designs C. options D. trends 50. A. memorable B. stable C. reliable D. fashionable 51. A. out of stock B. on sale C. in need D. without delay B. useful 52. A. similar C. unique D. definite 53. A. reprocessing B. excluding C. rediscovering D. replacing 54. A. differences B. tendencies C. responsibilities D. competitions 55. A. pretend B. recognise C. imagine D. object 1 SectionB(22分) Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) Judging by the historic record, we've been fascinated by our reflections for a long time. Some of the earliest human-made mirrors date to 62oo B.C. in Turkey. But even back then, mirrors were largely used to assess how beautiful we were. Egyptians paintings and carvings show the upper classes combing their hair and applying thick red, green, yellow and black cosmetics in front of mirrors, Mirrors were associated from early on with vanity (虚荣). Through the middle ages, the technology for mirrors was simple: Fashioned from blown glass, they were usually small and often convex (凸面的). In the Renaissance, Italians began developing techniques for making flatter glass, and in 15o7 hit upon a way of covering the back of the glass with mercury and tin to produce clear mirrors. This new technology was wonderful, but so expensive that nobles sometimes sold property just to afford one. In the 16th and 17th centuries mirror making was so costly that it required the investment of half of France's GDP. By the time the Renaissance was in full flower, wealthy noblemen could get large mirrors in which they could see their entire body at a glance. It was a transformative sight. The historian Ian Mortimer believes that mirror were central in developing the modern sense of the individual: "Mankind." says Mortimer, became "a valid topic of study in his own right." As the playwright and novelist Louis-Sebastien Mercler noted in the1780s, wealthy young men would look "at four mirrors at once to see themselves". In 1715, the essayist Richard Steele observed groups of people visiting a London mirror shop, where "they will certainly be well pleased, for they will have unavoidable opportunities of seeing what they most like. .. I mean their own dear selves." Many others thought nothing of all this self-regard. In the early years of America, mirrors were considered, within American society, a kind of luxury that was somewhat shameful." says Josiah McElheny, a Brooklyn-based artist who works with mirrors. Some countries leveled taxes on large mirrors. America's mirror taxes were so high that if a furniture maker wished to create full-bodv-sized reflection without going bankrupt (破产), he had to assemble it from several smaller mirrors. It wasn't until the last decades of the 19th century that the industrial world could finally make big mirrors cheaply. Production exploded and mirrors quickly passed from luxurious products for the rich to everyday devices that were affordable among an emerging middle class. In 1897, Sear Roebuck advertised ten-inch-sauare mirrors for only 50 cents apiece and said: "No house is complete without a number of small mirrors which are handy in so many rooms." 56. Which of the following statements is true of the mirrors in the Renaissance? A. They were rather small in size B. They were unaffordable to most people C. They were mostly manufactured in Italy D. They were no longer associated with vanity. 57. According to lan Mortimer, what change did mirrors bring about? A. Humans started to think of themselves as an individual B. More and more mirrors shops sprang up all over Europe. C. Novelists began to write about people's love for mirrors. D. People cared about their appearance for the first time. 58. In the early years of America, mirrors A. brought their makers much profit B. were regarded as something meaningless C. were mostly assembled from small pieces D. caused many furniture makers to go bankrupt 59. What is the passage mainly about? A. The transformative sight of mirrors. B. The varying enthusiasm for mirrors C. The historic development of mirrors. D. The change in people's attitudes to mirrors (B) With the fragrance industry expected to be worth an enormous $92 billon by 2024, there is big money to be made from scents. As the fashion and marketing industry moves away from targeting men and women and onto a more inclusive, non-gendered approach, fragrance companies are doing the exact same-creating products that can be worn happily by all genders The smells we're drawn to are inherently universal, across all genders and including all noses. With this in mind, we tested our noses against three of the brands that have made a play for gender neutrality. Eeccntric Molecules The unique selling point of Eocentric Molecules is that ifs designed to smell completely different on every wearer, reacting with our natural scents to create a unique blend.With potential for sharing with a loved one, their packaging is a practical if a little unromantic, simple bottle Still. upon opening their best seller "Molecule OI",the journey begins.Upon first spray,the overwhelming scent is of alcoholbut it soon settles into a barely-there smell that recalls soft leatber and feels surprisingly soothing on skin. Top Scent:Molecule-01.f72 for 100ml Clean-Reserye Clean Reserve smells like it sounds-bright, fresh scents that would appeal to those who prefer light smell.It is also perfect for keeping in your gym or day bag to freshen up yourself Packaging feels weighty and luxurious-without compromising sustainability-the bottle is made from sustainability -managed forest:wood and even the alcohol is derived from corn Top Scent:Rain.f82 for 100m Laboratory Perfume Packaged in chemistry-class bottles, this brand's latest collection is strongly inspired by Britain and its natural abundance of herbs and flowers. What results are grown-up,powerful scents. 1_ Our clear favourites from the collection couldn't be more different -"Samphire"is a refreshing coastal scent mixed with rose, whilo "Atlas"is a strong blend of wine and tobacco,an easy signature scent for day and night with minimal reapplication needed. Top Scent:Atlas,f65 for 10Oml 60. The purpose of paragraph 1 is A to analyze how smells influence us B.to sell the idea of non-gendered fragrance C to inform the readers of a latest fashion trend D. to justify the development of fragrance industry 61. The common feature of Eccentic Molecules and Clean Reserve is A. practical and simple packaging B. sustainable packaging made from wood D a soft and light scent D, smelling totally different on every user 62.For a customer who prefer strong mature smells that lasts a whole day, which product should he choose? C. Samphire. DAtlas. A. Molecule o1. B. Rain. (C We are all explorers. Our desire to discover, and then share that new-found knowledge, is part of what makes us human. Indeed, this has played an important part in our success as a species Long before the first caveman sat beside the fire and shared news that there were plenty of wildebeest(羚 羊)out there, our ancestors had learned the value of sending out pioneers to investigate the unknown. This questing nature of ours undoubtedly helped our species spread around the globe, just as it nowadays no doubt helps the last nomadic Penan maintain their existence in the depleted forests of Borneo, and a visitor navigate the subways of New York. Over the years, we've come to think of explorers as a peculiar breed-different from the rest of us, different from those of us who are merely" well-travelled", even; and perhaps there is a type of person more suited to seeking out the new, a type of caveman more inclined to risk venturing out. That, however, doesn't take away from the fact that we all have this enquiring instinct, even today: and that in all sorts of professions-whether artist, marine biologist or astronomer-borders of the unknown are being tested each day. Thomas Hardy set some of his novels in Egdon Heath..fictional area of uncultivated land, and used the landscape to suggest the desires and fears of his caaracters. He is trying hard to find more about matters we all recognize because they are common to humanity. This is surely an act of exploration, and into a world as remote as the author chooses. Explorer and travel writer Peter Fleming talks of the moment when the explorer returns to the existence he has left behind with his loved ones. The traveler "who has for weeks or months seen himself only as a weak and irrelevant alien crawling laboriously over a country in which he has no roots and no background, suddenly encounters his other self, a relatively solid figure, with a place in the minds of certain people". Here is how some of today's explorers' define the word. Ran Fiennes, dubbed the" greatest living explorer",said, "An explorer is someone who has done something that no human has done before-and also done something scientifically useful." Chris Bonington, a leading mountaineer, felt exploration was to be found in the act of physically touching the unknown: "You have to have gone somewhere new." Then Robin Hanbury Tenison, a campaigner on behalf of remote so-called "tribal" peoples, said, "A traveller simply records information about some far-off world, and reports back: but an explorer changes the world. "Wilfred Thesiger, who crossed Arabia's Empty Quarter in 1946,and belongs to an era of unmechanised travel now lost to the rest of us, told me, "If Id gone across by camel when I could have gone by car, it would have been a stunt." To him, exploration meant bringing back information from a remote place regardless of any great self-discovery. Each definition is slightly different and tends to reflect the field of attempts of each pioneer. It was the same whoever I asked: the well-known historian would say exploration was a thing of the past, the cutting-edge scientist would say it was of the present. And so on. They each set their own particular criteria; the common factor in their approach being that they all had, unlike many of us who simply enjoy travel or discovering new things, both a very definite objective from the beginning and also a desire to record their findings 63. The writer refers to visitors to New York to illustrate the point that - exploration is an inner element of being human B. most people are not enthusiastic about exploring C. exploration fails to lead to surprising results D. most people find exploration frustrating 64. According to the passage, what is the writer's view of explorers? A. Their discoveries have brought both benefits and disadvantages B. Their main value is in teaching others C. They act on an urge that is common to everyone. D. They tend to be more attracted to certain professions than to others 65. The writer refers to a description of Egdon Heath to suggest that A Hardy was writing about his own experience of exploration B. Hardy was mistaken about the nature of exploration C. Hardy's aim was to investigate people's emotional states D. Hardy's aim was to show the attraction of isolation 66. When discussing the definition of exploration, the writer argues that A. people tend to relate exploration to their own professional interests. B. certain people are likely to misunderstand the nature of exploration C. the generally accepted definition has changed over time D. historians and scientists have more valid definitions than the general public 。 SectionC(8分) Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once, Note that there are two more sentences than you need. A. Not everyone was convinced B. They should put a stop to this thinking that we have all the information we need to change the whole national diet and make everybody healthy. C. In this case, the diet study addressed a tricky problem D. Others have said the opposite: that low-fat diets enable people to lose weight naturally. E. The $415 million study involved nearly 49,ooo women aged 50 to 79 who were followed for eight years. F. They are not looking at how much they ate or that they smoke or that they are not doing any sports. Chances a low fat-diet will help? Slim and none The largest study ever to ask whether a low-fat diet reduces the risk of getting cancer or hear disease has found that the diet has no effect. (67) In the end, those assigned to a low-fat diet had the same rates of cancer, heart attacks and strokes as those who ate whatever they pleased, researchers reported Wednesday. "These studies are revolutionary," said Dr. Jules Hirsch, physician at Rockefeller University in New York City, who has spent a lifetime studying the effects of diets on weight and heath. "(68) The results, the study investigators agreed, do not justify recommending low-fat diets to the public to reduce their heart disease and cancer risk. The investigators added that the best dietary advice was eating less saturated fats and trans fats (饱和脂舫和反式脂防), more grains and more fruits and vegetables (69) Some, like Dr. Dean Ornish, a promoter of low-fat diets and president of the Preventive Medicine Research Institute in Sausalito, California, said that the women did not reduce their fat to low enough levels or eat enough fruits and vegetables. He also said the study, even at eight years, did not give the diets enough time Barbara Howard, a principal investigator in the study, said people should realize that diet alone is not enough to stay healthy." We are not going to reverse any of the diseases in this country by changing the composition of the diet," Howard said. "People are always thinking it's what they ate. (70) Except for not smoking, the evidence for advice on what makes a healthy lifestyle is largely indirect, Howard said. Most medical re-searchers agree, however, that it also makes sense for people to eat well, control their weight and get regular exercise IV. Summary Writing (1o分) Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words, Use your own words as far as possible. Small tallk Small talk is often thought of as unimportant, or perhaps worse, a substitute for real speech 10