天津市河西区2024-2025学年八年级下学期期中考试英语试卷

八年级英语听力理解。A在下列每小题内，你将听到一个或两个句子，并看到供选择的ABC3幅图画，找出与你所听句子内容相匹配的图画。One liming likes grapes very much. Liming likes grapes very much. Two, I usually go to school by bike. I usually go to school by bike. Three, my brother likes playing with dogs. My brother likes playing with dogs. For my favorite animal is the monkey. My favorite animal is the monkey. B下面你将听到十组对话，每组对话都有一个问题。根据对话内容，从每组所给的ABC3个选项中找出能回答问题的最佳选项。Five, be careful, the bus nearly hit you. You'd Better look around before you cross the stress. Oh, thank you. I'll be more careful next time. Be careful, the bus nearly hit you. You'd Better look around before you cross the streets. Oh, thank you. I'll be more careful next time. Six, can I get to the zoo by bus? Yes, take the number. Thirty five bus. How long does IT take to . get there? Forty five minutes. can I get to the zoo by bus? Yes, take the number. Thirty five. bus. How long does IT take to . get there? Forty five minutes. Seven am, I know jack runs very fast. I don't think so. I think tom runs faster. You are right, but Henry runs even faster than tom. I know jack runs very fast. I don't think so. I think tom runs faster. You are right, but Henry runs even faster than tom. aid. Hi Betty. How many chairs are there in your classroom? There are forty five chairs in our classroom. Hi Betty. How many chairs are there in your classroom? There are forty five chairs in our classroom. Nine, excuse me, where is the library? I want to borrow some books. It's in front of the teaching building. Excuse me, where is the library? I want to borrow some . books is in front of the teaching building. Ten, tom, you didn't come to school yesterday. why? Sorry, my mother was ill. I had to look after her at home. Tom, you didn't come to school yesterday. why? Sorry, my mother was ill. I had to look after her at home. Eleven, which man is your father? Jack. the one wearing glasses and a black suit. Which man is your father, jack. the one wearing glasses and a black suit? Twelve, how heavy the rain is, but the radio . says it'll be Sunny later on. How heavy the rain is. but the radio says it'll be Sunny later on. Thirteen, when shall we go to the museum? How about wednesday afternoon? But I won't be free until friday. Okay, let's make IT on friday. When shall we go to the museum? How about wednesday afternoon? But I won't be free until friday. Okay, let's make IT on friday. Fourteen time flies. Yeah, and I remember we used to play in the field, swim in the river and pick apples near your house. Time flies. Yeah, and I remember we used to play in the field, swim in the river and pick apples near your house. C听下面长对话或独白。每段长对话或独白后都有几个问题，从题中所给的ABC3个选项中选出最佳选项。听下面一段材料回答第15至第十七题。Hello, alex. Can you tell me about your free time activities? sure. Do you visit your parents on sunday? Yes, I visit my parents every sunday. My mother likes to make a big dinner for me, and we talk about the week. I love my mother's cooking, so I always visit my parents on sunday. What do you do at noon? I often go out for lunch. I'd like to eat lunch with my friends. Do you ever play sports in the afternoon? May I usually play sports for two hours during the week? I like playing all kinds of ball games. What do you do at night? At night? Well, I guess I always watch TV, but I watch every night. I know I should study, but there are so many programs I like, so I have to say my watch TVA lot more than I should. Hello, alex. Can you tell me about your free time activities? sure. Do you visit your parents on sunday? Yes, I visit my parents every sunday. My mother likes to make a big dinner for me, and we talk about the week. I love my mother's cooking, so I always visit my parents on sunday. What do you do at noon? I often go out for lunch. I'd like to eat lunch with my friends. Do you ever play sports in the afternoon? May I usually play sports for two hours during the week? I like playing all kinds of ball games. What do you do at night? At night? Well, I guess I always watch TV, but I watch every night. I know I should study, but there are so many programs I like, so I have to say my watch TVA lot more than I should. 听下面一段材料，回答第十八至第20题。Hello everyone, I am mary. Now let me tell you something about our plan for you. I think you can have a good time here. This afternoon, we will go together on the walking tour of the city, and then on monday afternoon, we are going to the sport center where you can play basketball, tennis or go swimming to keep yourselves fit. And on tuesday afternoon, we will go to the film club. This week's film is happy weekends. On wednesday, we are going on a day trip to ching out, and we are leaving here at seven thirty in the morning. Please don't be late or we will go without you. And finally, on saturday, we are off to a mount tai leaving at the same time. If there is any other thing you would like to do while you are here, just ask me and I will help you. Hello everyone, I am mary. Now let me tell you something about our plan for you. I think you can have a good time here. This afternoon, we will go together on the walking tour of the city, and then on monday afternoon, we are going to the sports center where you can play basketball, tennis or go swimming to keep yourselves fit. And on tuesday afternoon, we will go to the film club. This week's film is happy weekends. On wednesday, we are going on a day trip to ching down, and we are leaving here at seven thirty in the morning. Please don't be late or we will go without you. And finally, on saturday, we are off to a mount tai leaving at the same time. If there is any other thing you would like to do while you are here, just ask me and I will help you. 听力测试结束，请同学们继续答题。 八年级英语参考答案 第 1 页 （共 1 页） 八年级英语(一)参考答案 一、听力理解 (本大题共 20小题，每小题 1 分，共 20分) 1～5 BCABC 6～10 BCBAC 11～15 ACCBC 16～20 CBABC 二、单项填空 (本大题共 15 小题，每小题 1 分，共 15 分) 21～25 DCBBD 26～30 ADBCB 31～35 ABDAC 三、完形填空 (本大题共 10 小题，每小题 1 分，共 10 分) 36～40 BACAB 41～45 CABCC 四、阅读理解 (本大题共 15 小题，每小题 1 分，共 15 分) 46～50 ABABD 51～55 DACAB 56～60 DBBAA 五、补全对话 (本大题共 5 小题，每小题 1 分，共 5 分) 61～65 FBCAD 六、词 汇 (本大题共 5 小题，每小题 1 分，共 5 分) 66. nervous 67. strangers 68. impossible 69. private 70. invented 七、完成句子 (本大题共 5 小题，每小题 1 分，共 5 分) 71. first prize 72. sweet tooth 73. counting down 74. feel awful 75. at school 八、任务型阅读 (本大题共 5 小题，每小题 1 分，共 5 分) 76. Popular/Famous 77. trouble 78. idea 79. success 80. Winning/Receiving/Getting 九、综合填空 (本大题共 10小题，每小题 1分，共 10分) 81. around 82. comes 83. together 84. danger 85. said/shared 86. strong 87. connect 88. means 89. Although 90. western 十、书面表达 (本大题共 10分) 91.One possible version: Dear Jessie, I am sorry to hear that you don’t feel very well. I think your doctor’s advice is great. You should do some sports to keep healthy. Since I love doing sports very much, I think my experience can help you. Among all kinds of interesting sports, I like swimming best. I have swum for 8 years since I learned it when I was a kid. Now I swim every weekend and it brings me a lot of fun. I believe swimming is suitable for you for several reasons. First, it is well-known that swimming can strengthen our bodies, so it can improve your health. Second, it is relaxing and fun, especially when you do it with your families or friends. You can start to swim for 20 minutes every day. I’m sure you will like it in a few weeks. Look forward to your reply. Regards, Li Hong 八年级英语试卷（一） 第 1 页 （共 10 页） 八年级英语（一） 本试卷满分 100 分。考试时间 90 分钟。共 10 页。 答卷前，请你务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考点校、考场号、座位号填写在“答题 卡”上，并在规定位置粘贴考试用条形码。答题时，务必将答案涂写在“答题卡”上， 答案答在试卷上无效。考试结束后，请上交 “答题卡”。 祝考试顺利！ 一、听力理解 (本大题共 20小题，每小题 1分，共 20分) A)在下列每小题内，你将听到一个或两个句子并看到供选择的A、B、C三幅图画。找出 与你所听句子内容相匹配的图画。 1. A. B. C. 2. A. B. C. 3. A. B. C. 4. A. B. C. B)下面你将听到十组对话，每组对话都有一个问题。根据对话内容，从每组所给的 A、B、 C 三个选项中找出能回答所提问题的最佳选项。 八年级英语试卷（一） 第 2 页 （共 10 页） 5. Where are the two speakers? A. At a cinema. B. In a park. C. In the street. 6. Where does the man want to go? A. The theatre. B. The zoo. C. The cinema. 7. Who runs faster than Tom? A. Jack. B. Bob. C. Henry. 8. How many chairs are there in Betty’s classroom? A. 30. B. 45. C. 50. 9. What does the woman want to do? A. Borrow some books. B. Read some books. C. Buy some newspapers. 10. Why didn’t Tom come to school yesterday? A. His father was ill. B. He was ill. C. His mother was ill. 11. What colour is Jack’s father’s suit? A. Black. B. Green. C. Blue. 12. How did the man know about the weather? A. By reading newspapers. B. By watching TV. C. By listening to the radio. 13. When will they go to the museum? A. On Wednesday. B. On Thursday. C. On Friday. 14. Where did they probably live? A. In a factory. B. On a farm. C. In a city. C)听下面长对话或独白。每段长对话或独白后都有几个问题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三 个选项中选出最佳选项。 听下面一段材料，回答下列小题。 15. When does Alex visit his parents? A. On Friday. B. On Monday. C. On Sunday. 16. Who does Alex eat lunch with? A. His parents. B. Himself. C. His friends. 17. What does Alex do at night? A. He plays sports. B. He watches TV. C. He studies. 听下面一段材料，回答下列小题。 18. What will they do this afternoon? A. Go on the walking tour of the city. B. Play basketball. C. Go swimming. 19. When will they go to the film club? A. On Tuesday morning. B. On Tuesday afternoon. C. On Monday afternoon. 20. Where will they go on Saturday? A. To Qingdao. B. To Dalian. C. To Mount Tai. 二、单项填空 (本大题共 15 小题，每小题 1 分，共 15 分) 从下列每小题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 八年级英语试卷（一） 第 3 页 （共 10 页） 21. This is _____ interesting cartoon. It shows Tintin’s life in _____ 1980s. A. a; / B. an; / C. a; the D. an; the 22. I called Tony, but he wasn’t in. So I left a _____ to him. A. news B. information C. message D. advice 23. If you promise not to make a in the living room, you can have a party with your friends. A. wish B. mess C. decision D. choice 24. —What’s David like? — He is very _____ because he usually tells jokes and makes everyone laugh. A. handsome B. humorous C. friendly D. weak 25. Many visitors enjoy visiting _____ countries, because they have a long history. A. pretty B. lovely C. popular D. ancient 26. —Dinner is ready. Help yourself, please! —Wow! It _____ delicious. Will you please tell me how to cook it? A. tastes B. feels C. sounds D. looks 27. The students couldn’t wait _____ their new classmate. A. meet B. meets C. meeting D. to meet 28. I asked one boy and two girls about the name of their head teacher, but _____ of them could help me. A. neither B. none C. both D. all 29. —How many English words do you know? —Well, I _____ 2,000 English words since I started to learn English. A. learn B. learned C. have learned D. will learn 30. With the help of the Internet, information can _____ every corner of the world. A. arrive B. reach C. go D. get 31. —_____ to Hangzhou? —No, never. But I went to Nanjing a few years ago. A. Have you been B. Have you gone C. Were you going D. Will you go 32. I _____ this funny show when I was three years old, and I still laugh when I watch it. A. sent B. discovered C. believed D. satisfied 33.The little girl’s kindness in helping her classmates_____ students and teachers in the school. A. communicated with B. was proud of C. mixed with D. won the hearts of 34. —How long have you been like this? —I have been ill _____ Friday. A. since B. as C. for D. when 35. —Can you play tennis with me this afternoon? —_____ I have to prepare for my English project. A. No problem. B. Yes, I can. C. I’m afraid I can’t. D. That’s cool. 三、完形填空 (本大题共 10 小题，每小题 1 分，共 10 分) 阅读短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 八年级英语试卷（一） 第 4 页 （共 10 页） Most people want to be happy but few know how to find happiness. Money and success don’t really 36 happiness. A famous person once said, “Happiness depends on 37 .” In other words, we make our own happiness. Here are a few ways to help you become happier. The first secret of happiness is to enjoy the 38 things in life. Too often, we spend so much time thinking about the 39 , for example, getting into college or getting a good job, that we can’t enjoy the present (当下). We should enjoy life’s simple pleasures, 40 spending time with close friends, listening to our favourite music, or reading books. People who have close friends often 41 happier and healthier lives. Another 42 of happiness is to be active, and have 43 . We can collect toy cars, go fishing or play a sport. In this way, we enjoy ourselves. We can 44 our problems and only think about the activities. Finally, many people find happiness in helping others. According to studies, people feel good when they offer to help others. 45 you want to feel happier, do something nice for someone else. We can help a friend with his or her studies, go shopping to get food for an elderly relative, or simply help our parents to do the dishes. 36.A. set B. bring C. show D. lose 37.A. ourselves B. themselves C. himself D. herself 38.A. strange B. surprising C. simple D. hard 39.A. future B. health C. money D. time 40.A. in fact B. such as C. instead of D. above all 41.A. hear B. hope C. enjoy D. feel 42.A. secret B. plan C. task D. idea 43.A. wishes B. hobbies C. lessons D. tastes 44.A. talk B. know C. forget D. feel 45. A. After B. Though C. lf D. So 四、阅读理解 (本大题共 15 小题，每小题 1 分，共 15 分) A At the moment, it may be difficult to imagine, but many people believe that, by the year 2100, we’ll live on the planet—Mars. Our own planet, the earth, is becoming more and more crowded and polluted. Luckily, we can start again and build a better world on Mars. Here is what life could be like. First of all, transport should be much better. Today, our spacecraft are so slow that it takes months to get to Mars. However, by 2100, the spacecraft can travel at half the speed of light. It might take us two or three days to get to Mars! 八年级英语试卷（一） 第 5 页 （共 10 页） Secondly, humans need food, water and air. Scientists should be able to develop plants that can be grown on Mars. These plants will produce the food and air that we need. However, can these plants produce water for us? There is no answer now. There is a problem for us to live on Mars. The gravity (重力) on Mars is much less than the gravity on the earth. This will be dangerous because we could easily jump too high and fly slowly away into space. To prevent (阻止) this, humans on Mars have to wear special shoes to make themselves heavier. Life on Mars will be better than that on the earth in many ways. People will have more space. Living in a large building with 10 bedrooms is highly possible. Many people believe that robots will do most of our work, so we have more time for our hobbies. There will probably be no school on Mars. Every student will have a computer at home. They can study, do their homework and take exams in online schools. Each student will also have his or her own online teacher called “e-teacher”. However, in some ways, life on Mars may not be better than that on the earth today. Food will not be the same—meals will probably be in the form of pills (药丸形) and will not be as delicious as they are today. Also, space travel will make many people feel ill. The spacecraft will travel fast but the journey to Mars will probably be very uncomfortable. 46. According to the passage, by the year 2100, some of us will possibly live _______. A. on Mars B. on the moon C. under the sea D. on the sun 47. Nowadays how long does it take us from the earth to Mars by spacecraft? A. Two or three days. B. A few months. C. A few days. D. A few years. 48. In the future, the students on Mars _______. A. will study mainly on the Internet B. will study mainly in the classroom C. will meet each other face to face D. needn’t study at all 49. Life on Mars will be better than life on the earth because _______. A. only a few people will live there B. there will be more space and less work to do C. there will be much delicious food D. all students don’t need to do any homework 50.Which of the following about Mars is NOT true? A. Transport will be much better and faster. B. We need to develop a special plant which can produce food and air. C. On Mars, we can jump higher than on the earth. D. Food will be much more delicious. 八年级英语试卷（一） 第 6 页 （共 10 页） B The number of users of the Travel in Shanxi app passed 500,000 on Aug. 3rd. It shows that the app to improve services for tourists is popular. Shanxi Culture and Tourism Group developed the app. Tourists can use the app to book tickets to tourist destinations (目的地), hotels and restaurants. They can also know about the latest information of tourist destinations. A manager in Tourism Group says online ticket booking is possible through the app. Once buying tickets is completed, a QR code (二维码) will appear on the app. The users can enter and visit places of interest by having their QR codes scanned (扫描). “The app is a useful tool for tourists to make holiday plans,” said Li Chaoyi. “I left a high school in Taiyuan in July this year. I will go to a university outside Shanxi in September, so I plan to tour as many places of interest in Shanxi as possible before I leave.” He made the decision after he read a document on the app. It was written by the Shanxi Culture and Tourism Group on July 22. It asks all 126 major (主要的) tourist destinations to receive first-time visitors for free. He decided to travel around Shanxi because almost all the destinations were free. 51.According to the passage, what can’t tourists do through the app? A. Make holiday plans. B. Know the information of tourist destinations. C. Book restaurants. D. Buy clothes in tourist destinations. 52.What can we know about Li Chaoyi? A. He plans to visit many places of interest in Shanxi. B. He studies in a middle school in Shanxi. C. He will go to a school in Shanxi in September. D. He decides to tour Shanxi because he has enough money. 53.Which of the following is TRUE? A. Tourists can find the way to tourist destinations on the app. B. Tourists have to buy a QR code from the app when they travel to Shanxi. C. The first-time visitors to the 126 major tourist destinations in Shanxi don’t need to spend any money on the tickets. D. 126 major tourist destinations in Shanxi are free for tourists all year. 54.The underlined word “It” refers to _____. A. the document B. the app C. the decision D. the group 55.Where can we probably read the passage? A. In a sports magazine. B. On a news website. C. In the health part of a newspaper. D. In a storybook. 八年级英语试卷（一） 第 7 页 （共 10 页） C When people travel in another city or country, they sometimes stay in the homes of local people. This is called homestay. It is a great experience because you can meet people from a different country or city and learn something new about that place. I am Lei Li from China. I came to the UK with my friends for a short visit. We are living with an English couple (夫妇), Mr and Mrs Green, in the west of London. They have a wonderful four-bedroom house. This is a new house. It has two bathrooms and a garden with many beautiful flowers. I have a bedroom of my own. There are some shopping centres and restaurants near the house, and the house is close to an underground station. It takes about thirty minutes to get to the centre of London. I think a homestay may be a good choice for you if it is your first time to visit abroad. The local people are friendly and willing to help. If you happen to celebrate the holidays with them, you will get to know more about western culture and customs (习俗). 56.The underlined word “homestay” in the passage means “________”. A. stay at home B. stay in the homes of one’s friends C. stay in the homes of one’s relatives D. stay in the homes of local people 57. Lei Li and his friends live with ________ in London. A. Mr and Mrs Bush B. Mr and Mrs Green C. Mr and Mrs Smith D. Mr and Mrs Brown 58.There is ________ near the couple’s house. A. a bus station B. an underground station C. a train station D. an airport 59.How long does it take Lei Li to get to the centre of London from the west of London? A. About thirty minutes. B. About thirteen minutes. C. About twenty minutes. D. About forty minutes. 60.When travellers to the UK happen to celebrate the holidays with the local people, they will learn more about ________. A. western culture and customs B. world culture and customs C. eastern culture and customs D. southern culture and customs 八年级英语试卷（一） 第 8 页 （共 10 页） 五、补全对话 (本大题共 5 小题，每小题 1 分，共 5 分) 根据对话内容，从下面方框内选择恰当的句子将对话补充完整。（选项中有两项是多余的） A. Have you ever been to the museum before? B. Could you show them to me? C. What do you think of this journey? D. Can I borrow them? E. Thank you very much. F. What are you up to? G. I hope so. A: You look excited. 61 B: I’ve just returned from the Museum of the Universe. And I’ve taken some photos there. A: Really? 62 B: Yes, of course. Here you are. Look, these are taken beside the spacecraft. 63 A: Oh, it’s great. B: 64 A: No, not yet. But I have planned to go there with my classmates. By the way, my classmates want me to find some pictures of the spacecraft. 65 B: Yes, you can. But remember to give them back to me. A: Sure, thanks a lot. 六、词汇 (本大题共 5 小题，每小题 1 分，共 5 分) 根据句意及中文提示写出所需单词，并用其正确形式填空。 66. I feel _____ (紧张的) when I speak Chinese, but I’ll be fine in a few days. 67. I’m quite shy when I’m with _____ (陌生人). 68. How large is the universe? It is _____ (不可能的) to imagine. 69. Snoopy lives in his own _____ (私人的) world and finds real life hard to understand. 70. Tintin has been popular for over eighty years, ever since the artist ____ (发明) him in 1929. 七、完成句子 (本大题共 5 小题，每小题 1 分，共 5 分) 根据所给中文意思完成句子，每空限填一词。 71. 一等奖是”我的梦想假期”。 The _____ _____ is “My dream holiday”. 72. 你知道的，我是一个甜食爱好者。 I have a _____ _____, you know. 73. 我们这次旅行在倒计时，快要结束了。 We are _____ _____ the days to the end of this tour. 八年级英语试卷（一） 第 9 页 （共 10 页） 74. 每当我在尽力去做的事情上犯错时，我会感觉很糟糕。 I _____ _____ whenever I make a mistake in whatever I’m trying to do. 75. 我的孩子还都在上学。 All my kids are still _____ _____. 八、任务型阅读 (本大题共 5 小题，每小题 1 分，共 5 分) 根据下面文章，完成表格。 Tom the cat and Jerry the mouse are two of the most popular cartoon heroes in the world. In the short cartoons, Tom is always trying to catch Jerry, but he never makes it. Almost every cartoon ends with Tom in trouble and Jerry laughing at him. The stories are full of fun and have a long history. William Hanna and Joseph Barbera both worked for MGM in the late 1930s. Their boss told them to make funny cartoons. Together they thought of the idea of a cat and a mouse. They thought it would be funny if the mouse was clever and always got the cat into trouble. It was a great success that the first Tom and Jerry cartoon was shown in cinemas in 1940. Over the next 17 years, they made many Tom and Jerry cartoons. Most of them are around seven minutes long. In total, Hanna and Barbera made 114 Tom and Jerry cartoons. The cartoons were so good that they won a number of awards (奖励). The famous cat and mouse remain (保持) popular today, as the cartoons are still shown on television around the world. Tom and Jerry — Two of the World’s Most 76 Cartoon Heroes The introduction to heroes ◆ Tom, a cat trying to catch Jerry ◆ Jerry, a clever mouse getting Tom into 77 The creators of Tom and Jerry cartoons ◆ William Hanna and Joseph Barbera, two creators thinking of the 78 of a cat and a mouse The first Tom and Jerry cartoon ◆ Being shown in cinemas in 1940 ◆ A great 79 The achievements (成就) of Tom and Jerry ◆ 80 a number of awards and remaining popular around the world 九、综合填空 (本大题共 10小题，每小题 1分，共 10分) 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。 八年级英语试卷（一） 第 10 页 （共 10 页） Thanks to a great movie, many foreigners now know and love a mythical Chinese hero! The movie Nezha: Demon Child Conquers the Sea（《哪吒之魔童闹海》），also known as Nezha 2, has become very popular in China and a 81 the world. The story of the movie c 82 from Chinese mythology (神话). It follows Nezha and his friend Ao Bing, who have special powers. They work t 83 to stop a plan that puts their families in d 84 . People all over the world love the movie’s story and exciting action scenes (场景). Max from Russia s 85 online, “The scene showing the monsters (怪兽) in the sea attacking (攻 击) Chen Tang Guan is really amazing.” Rachel from the US told China Daily, “What I learned is that power is not just about being s 86 , but also about the will to never give up. ” However, some foreigners can’t understand parts of the movie that c 87 with Chinese mythology. They ask questions about why Nezha’s teacher rides a pig and what “Heavenly Tribulation (天劫) ” m 88 . A 89 there have been these questions, some foreigners have called the movie “the Chinese version of Marvel (中国版漫威)”, seeing Nezha as a superhero from a w 90 way of thinking. Many have started to learn more about Chinese mythology. Nezha is like an ambassador (大使) bringing Chinese culture to the world! 十、书面表达 (本大题共 10分) 91. 假设你是李虹，你的英国笔友杰西最近身体不适，医生建议她多做运动，但她不知 道该选择什么样的运动，想听听你的建议。请你根据提示要点给她回一封不少于 80词的 邮件，谈谈你自己所做的运动，并提出你的建议。邮件格式已给出，但不计入总词数， 内容可适当发挥。 提示要点：(1)你曾经做过哪些运动？ (2)你做运动的频率是怎样的？ (3)你推荐的运动对杰西有什么好处？ Dear Jessie, I am sorry to hear that you don’t feel very well. 此 处 不 答 题 Look forward to your reply. Regards, Li Hong