精品解析：新疆喀什市三校联考2024-2025学年高三下学期4月模拟英语试题

喀什市2024-2025学年第二学期高三4月模拟试卷 英 语 时间：120分钟 满分：120分 第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Washington, DC is a theatre town. Here’s where you can get the best performances and cultural experiences offered for every taste in the nation’s capital. Kennedy Center Kennedy Center hosts hundreds of world-class performances each year and is home to the National Symphony Orchestra and the Washington National Opera. The Suzanne Farrell Ballet also counts Kennedy Center as its performance headquarters. The company — under the direction of Farrell — was first invited to perform there in 1993 and has since become one of the venue’s most famous attractions. Woolly Mammoth Company Woolly Mammoth Company is an experimental theatre that welcomes original plays that push the boundaries of live theatre. The New York Times has called it “Washington’s most daring theatre company”, and the half dozen plays Woolly produces each year continue to live up to that reputation. Shakespeare Theatre Company For more than 25 years, Shakespeare Theatre Company has committed itself to serving as the nation’s classical theatre. It operates out of two spaces, including Sidney Harman Hall at the Harman Center, which seats 775, and the Lansburgh Theatre, which seats 451. The shiny, glass-walled Harman Center showcases classic Shakespeare plays, modern updates and Shakespeare-inspired original shows. Wolf Trap For locals, summer isn’t complete without at least one trip to Wolf Trap, the only national park dedicated to the performing arts. The venue is best-known for performances of touring artists. The open-air theatre offers covered seating, but when the weather warms up, we suggest buying seats on the grassland and packing a picnic. 1. Where can you appreciate the top-level Ballet? A Harman Center. B. Kennedy Center. C. Lansburgh Theatre. D. Woolly Mammoth Company. 2. What is Shakespeare Theater Company focused on? A. Providing the national classics. B. Working on the performing arts. C. Holding world-class performances. D. Showcasing the latest creative plays. 3. What may be the particular feature of Wolf Trap? A. Its original works. B. Its covered seating. C Its open-air atmosphere. D. Its Shakespeare plays. B A Dutch museum has recovered an artwork that looks like two empty beer cans after a staff member accidentally threw it in the rubbish bin. The work, entitled All the Good Times We Spent Together by the French artist Alexandre Lavet, appears on first glance to be two abandoned and dented (瘪的) beer tins. However, a closer look shows they are carefully hand-painted and required a lot of time and effort to create. Their artistic value was lost on a mechanic, who saw them displayed in a lift and threw them in the bin. The curator (馆长) Elisah van den Bergh returned from a short break and noticed the cans had disappeared. She recovered them from a bin bag just as they were about to be thrown out. Froukje Budding, of the LAM museum in Lisse, western Netherlands, said artworks were often left in unusual places—hence the display in a lift. “We try to surprise visitors for all the time,” she said. “We have now put the work in a more traditional place on a plinth (底座) so it can rest after its adventure.” She stressed there were no hard feelings towards the mechanic, who had just started at the museum, stating that he was simply performing his duties. Sietske van Zanten, the museum’s director, emphasized the museum’s mission to encourage visitors to see everyday objects in a new light. “By displaying artworks in unexpected places, we enhance this experience and keep visitors on their toes,” he added. Budding also noted the cans were unlikely to stay on their traditional plinth for long and that they needed to think hard about a careful place to put them next. 4. Why did the mechanic throw the artwork in the rubbish bin? A. Because it stood in the way. B. Because it took much space. C. Because it looked like real trash. D. Because it looked strange in the lift. 5. What was Budding’s attitude toward the mechanic’s behavior? A. Understanding. B. Concerned. C. Critical. D. Unforgiving. 6. What does the underlined phrase in paragraph 4 mean? A. Make visitors ready for surprises. B. Remind visitors of dangers. C. Warn visitors not to litter. D. Show visitors around the museum. 7. What might happen to the artwork in the future? A. It will be kept in a safe. B. It will be put in a selected place. C. It will be sent back to the lift. D. It will be placed in a traditional setting. C Our culture is addicted to collective goal setting and the idea that forming new habits during specific times of the year will lead to successful outcomes. But it turns out there’s no real evidence that it is the case. In fact, research suggests that only two people in ten stick with their New Year’s resolutions long term. “I am aware of no research showing that starting fresh in January or October or any other month makes you more likely to stick with a new behaviour,” says Wendy Wood, a behavioural psychologist at the University of Southern California. The reality is that, when it comes to establishing new habits, there really is an ideal time to do it — but it might not be when you think. Wood calls such ideal moments “turning points” — such as an upcoming high school reunion causing you to want to lose a few pounds, or over-drafting (透支) your bank account and realizing it is time to improve your career. He says such moments tend to provide lasting feelings of motivation because they are rooted in something meaningful and more in-depth than just going along with everyone else. Regardless of what promotes your motivation, Wood says it is critical to take action as soon as you feel the desire because you may only have a short window of opportunity to make decisions about what you want to do before your old habits get in the way. For instance, write out a daily schedule that includes time for your new habit and post it where you’ll see it each morning. You might also join a gym while your motivation is high to lock yourself into a monthly payment that will keep you motivated to use the membership even after your interest in getting in shape begins to cool. Another strategy for successful habit formation is breaking down bigger goals into smaller, more specific ones. So instead of saying “I’m going to lose 10 pounds a month”, set a goal to limit your daily calorie intake and get to the gym for 30 minutes a day. 8. What is Wood’s attitude toward making New Year’s resolutions? A. Doubtful. B. Approving. C. Casual. D. Objective. 9. Which of the following examples can be called a “turning point”? A. Falling ill from heavy work. B. Fulfilling a long-held dream. C. Exercising on a regular basis. D. Receiving New Year’s wishes. 10. What plays a leading role in reaching one’s goal according to Wood? A. Motivation. B. Determination. C. Opportunity. D. Action. 11. What is this text mainly about? A. Strategies for setting a collective goal. B. Procedures for finding a turning point. C. Approaches to developing a new habit. D. Methods of making a New Year’s wish. D A corn plant knows how to find water in soil with the very tips of its roots, but some varieties, including many used for developing high-output corn in the U.S., appear to have lost part of that ability, according to a Stanford-led study. With climate change increasing droughts, the findings hold potential for developing more drought-resistant varieties of corn. The study, published in the journal Science, uncovers genetic mechanisms (遗传机制) behind “hydropatterning”, or how plant roots branch toward water and avoid dry spaces in soil. In particular, the researchers discovered that ethylene, a plant hormone (激素) known to help bananas ripen, also influences how roots grow to seek water. For this study, the researchers developed a new, simplified way to study water sensitivity in roots. They found corn varieties adapted to hot and wet regions like Mexico were very good at making new root branches toward water and avoiding dry areas. In contrast, the varieties adapted to moderate regions of North America frequently grew roots randomly without distinguishing between dry and wet areas in the soil. “Interestingly, the plants that are better at sensing where the water is are also making deeper root systems,” said lead author Johannes Scharwies. “One idea is that if the plant doesn’t waste time growing root branches into places where it doesn’t find any water and nutrients, then it has more energy to grow deeper down where water is more likely.” Genetic analyses reveal two plant hormones, auxin and ethylene, play a role in how corn roots respond to water. While auxin was already known to help control this process, ethylene’s involvement was a new discovery. In experiments with thale cress — a model plant often used in research — the researchers found auxin signaling promotes root branch development toward water, while ethylene stops branching when the root is exposed to air. Further research is needed to better understand the interaction of these genetic pathways before corn varieties can be developed with more drought-resistant root systems, but the findings highlight the significance of studying these localized responses at root tips, researchers said. 12. What is the primary focus of the Stanford-led study? A. Drought-resistant corn varieties. B. Ethylene’s effect on fruit ripening. C. Genetic regulation of root branching. D. Impact of climate change on plant roots. 13. What can be inferred from Johannes Scharwies’ remarks? A. Plant hormones make a big difference to root growth. B. Nutrients guarantee better water-seeking root systems. C. Root branching conserves energy for higher production. D. Stronger hydropatterning was linked to greater root depth. 14. What does paragraph 5 mainly talk about? A. Model plants in research. B. Hormones’ role in root growth. C. Genetic analysis methods. D. Findings of previous research. 15. What does the last paragraph suggest future research do? A. Prioritize development of new corn varieties. B Work out the mechanisms of genetic interactions. C. Concentrate merely on localized root responses. D. Expand practical applications of hydropatterning. 第二节（共5小题，每小题2.5，满分12.5） 阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 People are more willing than ever to embrace a cleaner lifestyle, but some aren’t sure where to begin. _____16_____. Here are some of the simple things that can be done by almost anyone. _____17_____ Do you know that clothes can take over 200 years to decompose (分解)? If your T-shirt gets coffee stains, instead of throwing it away, give it a second life as a useful kitchen rag. Besides, empty containers can become flower pots, and broken flower pots can be used as creative decorations in your garden. The list just goes on depending on your creativity. Go dark There are a number of small steps that you can take to use less electricity in your everyday life. Turn off the lights when you leave a room. Unplug electronic items when they aren’t in use. Remember that electricity is a luxury (奢侈)._____18_____. Stop using single-use plastics Plastic waste is in almost all natural environments especially in oceans. The biggest problem is single-use plastics like shopping bags, straws (吸管)and packaging._____19_____. Therefore, you must stop using single-use plastics. They not only affect wildlife but can take hundreds to thousands of years to break down. Save water _____20_____. Water needs to be transported, filtered, and purified (净化) before it reaches your tap. The energy people use to process it often comes from fossil fuels. Reducing the use of water by switching off the tap while brushing your teeth and collecting the rainwater for the garden means that companies use fewer harmful fuels, which helps clean up the environment. A. Make repairs and create new things B. We should save tap water from being polluted C. Replace old things with new ones based on imagination D. These actions will lower the energy use and save money E. Animals often mistake them for food, which causes death F. In fact, there are plenty of things you can do to live a greener life G. Every drop of tap water you use consumes energy and is actually a polluter 第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 On a hot morning a friend called me. He had found a ____21____ injured baby raccoon (浣熊), which, just about eight weeks old, was in terrible shape. As part of my job, I was ____22____ to care for injured animals until they could be released into the wild. I had some doubt whether he would ____23____ the night. Still, I took him home, named him Trouper, and cleaned his ____24____, hoping for a miracle. For four days, the raccoon didn’t move. On the fifth morning. I nearly lost ____25____. Holding him, I whispered, “Sorry.” Suddenly, he ____26____ his legs, moved his mouth weakly and shook himself—as if saying, “I’m still fighting!” That moment gave me ____27____ that he might recover. Weeks later, while helping him practice walking, a sudden wind shut the door ____28____. I jumped, but Trouper didn’t ____29____. My heart sank: he was deaf. Worse, he couldn’t smell or _____30_____. As someone with fading vision myself, I understood his struggle. I decided not to _____31_____ him away. Together with my dog, we started a _____32_____ life. Now 10 years old, Trouper works as a licensed wildlife _____33_____. I take him to schools and community centers to teach about respecting life. His story has been a(n) _____34_____ reminder for many years: every creature _____35_____ a chance. 21. A. slightly B. seriously C. frequently D. purposely 22. A. required B. forced C. ordered D. guided 23. A. enjoy B. suffer C. survive D. fear 24. A. fur B. face C. legs D. wounds 25. A. temper B. interest C. hope D. courage 26. A. broke B. stretched C. checked D. treated 27. A. confidence B. advice C. desperation D. resolution 28. A. gently B. partly C. gradually D. violently 29. A. watch B. mind C. fall D. react 30. A. see B. touch C. hear D. taste 31. A. put B. drive C. send D. give 32. A. lonely B. new C. plain D. luxury 33. A. ambassador B. student C. agent D. rescuer 34. A. general B. distant C. occasional D. constant 35. A. seizes B. loses C. deserves D. understands 第二节（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In 2013, a news photo of a dead polar bear, reduced by scientists’ assessment to “skin and bones” upon discovery on Norway’s Arctic island of Svalbard, shocked many people. An expert who ___36___ (study) polar bears for many years said that from the position of its dead body, the bear appeared to have starved and died. Experts claimed that low sea-ice levels ___37___ (cause) by climate change meant the bear could not hunt seals as before, so it had to travel ___38___ (great) distances in order to find food. This alarming case showed how the increase in temperature had an impact ___39___ Earth’s ecology. Climate scientists think ___40___ is causing the increase in the global average surface temperature is “greenhouse effect”, which includes “natural” greenhouse effect and “man-made” greenhouse effect. The “natural” greenhouse effect refers to ___41___ fact that heat from the sun enters the atmosphere and warms Earth’s surface as short-wave radiation. The heat ___42___ (release) back into space at longer wave lengths. Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, such as methane and carbon dioxide, trap some of the heat, ___43___ (keep) Earth’s climate warm and habitable. Without this process, Earth could not sustain life. However, the “man-made” greenhouse effect has now become a big problem. When people produce huge ___44___ (amount) of extra greenhouse gases by burning fossil fuels, more heat energy is trapped in the atmosphere and causes Earth’s surface temperature ____45____ (rise) quickly. 第三部分：写作 （共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是校学生会体育部长李华，你校将举办以“快乐体育，健康生活”为主题的体育节活动。请你给学校的交换生Mike写邮件邀请他参加。内容包括： 1.活动的目的； 2.活动的相关信息。 注意： 1. 词数80左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； Dear Mike, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I woke up with a start and looked at the clock in front of me — 5:00 am. The whole night I had been dreaming and planning various things I wanted to do. After all, it was my 16th birthday! Yesterday, none of my family had shown any sign to indicate that they’ d remembered the fact that my birthday was only 24 hours away. They might have been planning a surprise for me! I raced downstairs. “Well, you’ re up early,” my dad said, his eyes fixed upon the newspaper. My mother, who was cooking breakfast, paid me no attention. “Have they forgotten about me?” I wondered. “No, they would never do that.” “Mama, I was wondering if you could cook me some pancakes,” I said in a cheerful tone. “Jessie, I am in a hurry today. I am afraid I don’t have time to make you pancakes,” my mother said. None of them seemed to be aware of my special day. At least for my sake, they could’ve given it some importance. And none of my brothers seemed to be interested in my birthday either. I felt a bit down. For months we had been planning events for my birthday — shopping, games, decorations and so much more— but now, they all seemed to have forgotten about my birthday. Lunch was boring, with nothing special cooked for my special day. Everyone sat talking about random (随意的) things, not once mentioning my birthday. Disappointed, I climbed up the stairs to my room and lay down in bed. Suddenly, Mom called out to me. I dashed (急奔) towards her, hoping to hear something cheerful. But my optimism (乐观) disappeared when she said, “Me, your dad and your brothers are attending a dinner. Since you woke up early, we thought you might need some sleep. If you feel hungry, there’s food in the fridge. Call if you need help. Bye, and be a good girl.” 注意： 1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右; 2. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。 Paragraph 1: They all waved goodbye one by one, leaving me alone in the house. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: “Surprise!” a lot of voices called out. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 喀什市2024-2025学年第二学期高三4月模拟试卷 英 语 时间：120分钟 满分：120分 第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Washington, DC is a theatre town. Here’s where you can get the best performances and cultural experiences offered for every taste in the nation’s capital. Kennedy Center Kennedy Center hosts hundreds of world-class performances each year and is home to the National Symphony Orchestra and the Washington National Opera. The Suzanne Farrell Ballet also counts Kennedy Center as its performance headquarters. The company — under the direction of Farrell — was first invited to perform there in 1993 and has since become one of the venue’s most famous attractions. Woolly Mammoth Company Woolly Mammoth Company is an experimental theatre that welcomes original plays that push the boundaries of live theatre. The New York Times has called it “Washington’s most daring theatre company”, and the half dozen plays Woolly produces each year continue to live up to that reputation. Shakespeare Theatre Company For more than 25 years, Shakespeare Theatre Company has committed itself to serving as the nation’s classical theatre. It operates out of two spaces, including Sidney Harman Hall at the Harman Center, which seats 775, and the Lansburgh Theatre, which seats 451. The shiny, glass-walled Harman Center showcases classic Shakespeare plays, modern updates and Shakespeare-inspired original shows. Wolf Trap For locals, summer isn’t complete without at least one trip to Wolf Trap, the only national park dedicated to the performing arts. The venue is best-known for performances of touring artists. The open-air theatre offers covered seating, but when the weather warms up, we suggest buying seats on the grassland and packing a picnic. 1. Where can you appreciate the top-level Ballet? A. Harman Center. B. Kennedy Center. C. Lansburgh Theatre. D. Woolly Mammoth Company. 2. What is Shakespeare Theater Company focused on? A. Providing the national classics. B. Working on the performing arts. C. Holding world-class performances. D. Showcasing the latest creative plays. 3. What may be the particular feature of Wolf Trap? A. Its original works. B. Its covered seating. C. Its open-air atmosphere. D. Its Shakespeare plays. 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个位于华盛顿的几个剧院。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Kennedy Center中的“Kennedy Center hosts hundreds of world-class performances each year and is home to the National Symphony Orchestra and the Washington National Opera. The Suzanne Farrell Ballet also counts Kennedy Center as its performance headquarters. The company-under the direction of Farrell-was first invited to perform there in 1993 and has since become one of the venue’s most famous attractions. (肯尼迪中心每年举办数百场世界级的演出，是国家交响乐团和华盛顿国家歌剧院的所在地。苏珊娜·法雷尔芭蕾舞团也将肯尼迪中心作为其演出总部。在法雷尔的指导下，该剧团于1993年首次受邀在那里演出，并从此成为该场地最著名的景点之一)”可知，在肯尼迪中心可以欣赏高水平芭蕾舞表演。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Shakespeare Theatre Company中的“For more than 25 years, Shakespeare Theatre Company has committed itself to serving as the nation’s classical theatre. It operates out of two spaces, including Sidney Harman Hall at the Harman Center, which seats 775, and the Lansburgh Theatre, which seats 451. The shiny, glass-walled Harman Center showcases classic Shakespeare plays, modern updates and Shakespeare-inspired original shows. (在超过25年的时间里，莎士比亚剧团一直致力于成为国家的古典剧院。它有两个空间，包括哈曼中心的西德尼·哈曼厅（Sidney Harman Hall），可容纳775人，以及兰斯堡剧院（Lansburgh Theatre），可容纳451人。闪亮的玻璃幕墙的哈曼中心（Harman Center）展示了经典的莎士比亚戏剧、现代更新版和莎士比亚启发的原创节目)”可知，该剧院致力于成为国家的古典剧院，它在两个场地运营，展示经典的莎士比亚戏剧、现代更新版和受莎士比亚启发的原创作品。因此可知，它集中提供国家经典剧目。故选A。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Wolf Trap中的“For locals, summer isn’t complete without at least one trip to Wolf Trap, the only national park dedicated to the performing arts. The venue is best-known for performances of touring artists. The open-air theatre offers covered seating, but when the weather warms up, we suggest buying seats on the grassland and packing a picnic.(对当地人来说，不至少去一次Wolf Trap国家公园是不完整的夏天，这是唯一一个致力于表演艺术的国家公园。这个场地以巡回艺术家的演出而闻名。露天剧场提供带顶棚的座位，但当天气变暖时，我们建议在草地上买座位并带上野餐的东西)”可知，Wolf Trap国家公园尽管有带顶棚的座位，但当天气变暖时，建议在草地上购买座位并准备野餐，因此它的特色在于露天氛围。故选C。 B A Dutch museum has recovered an artwork that looks like two empty beer cans after a staff member accidentally threw it in the rubbish bin. The work, entitled All the Good Times We Spent Together by the French artist Alexandre Lavet, appears on first glance to be two abandoned and dented (瘪的) beer tins. However, a closer look shows they are carefully hand-painted and required a lot of time and effort to create. Their artistic value was lost on a mechanic, who saw them displayed in a lift and threw them in the bin. The curator (馆长) Elisah van den Bergh returned from a short break and noticed the cans had disappeared. She recovered them from a bin bag just as they were about to be thrown out. Froukje Budding, of the LAM museum in Lisse, western Netherlands, said artworks were often left in unusual places—hence the display in a lift. “We try to surprise visitors for all the time,” she said. “We have now put the work in a more traditional place on a plinth (底座) so it can rest after its adventure.” She stressed there were no hard feelings towards the mechanic, who had just started at the museum, stating that he was simply performing his duties. Sietske van Zanten, the museum’s director, emphasized the museum’s mission to encourage visitors to see everyday objects in a new light. “By displaying artworks in unexpected places, we enhance this experience and keep visitors on their toes,” he added. Budding also noted the cans were unlikely to stay on their traditional plinth for long and that they needed to think hard about a careful place to put them next. 4. Why did the mechanic throw the artwork in the rubbish bin? A. Because it stood in the way. B. Because it took much space. C. Because it looked like real trash. D. Because it looked strange in the lift. 5. What was Budding’s attitude toward the mechanic’s behavior? A. Understanding. B. Concerned. C. Critical. D. Unforgiving. 6. What does the underlined phrase in paragraph 4 mean? A. Make visitors ready for surprises. B. Remind visitors of dangers. C. Warn visitors not to litter. D. Show visitors around the museum. 7. What might happen to the artwork in the future? A. It will be kept in a safe. B. It will be put in a selected place. C. It will be sent back to the lift. D. It will be placed in a traditional setting. 【答案】4. C 5. A 6. A 7. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是新闻报道。文章主要讲述荷兰某博物馆一件形似两个空啤酒罐的艺术品被误当垃圾丢弃，后经找回并重新考虑其展示位置的故事。同时介绍了博物馆在艺术品展示方面的理念。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“The work, entitled All the Good Times We Spent Together by the French artist Alexandre Lavet, appears on first glance to be two abandoned and dented (瘪的) beer tins. However, a closer look shows they are carefully hand-painted and required a lot of time and effort to create. Their artistic value was lost on a mechanic, who saw them displayed in a lift and threw them in the bin.(这件由法国艺术家亚历山大・拉韦（Alexandre Lavet）创作、名为《我们一起度过的美好时光》的作品，乍一看像是两个被丢弃且瘪了的啤酒罐。然而，仔细观察就会发现，它们是精心手绘而成的，创作过程耗费了大量的时间和精力。但一名机械师却没有意识到它们的艺术价值，他看到这些作品在电梯里展出，便把它们扔进了垃圾桶)”可知，法国艺术家 Alexandre Lavet 的这件作品乍一看像是两个被遗弃且瘪掉的啤酒罐，机械师没有意识到其艺术价值，所以把它当作垃圾扔掉了。也就是说，机械师把艺术品扔进垃圾桶是因为它看起来像真正的垃圾。故选 C项。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“Froukje Budding, of the LAM museum in Lisse, western Netherlands, said artworks were often left in unusual places—hence the display in a lift.(来自荷兰西部利斯镇拉穆博物馆（LAM museum）的弗鲁克耶・巴丁（Froukje Budding）表示，艺术品常常被放置在不寻常的地方 —— 这就是它被放在电梯里展出的原因。)”和本段“She stressed there were no hard feelings towards the mechanic, who had just started at the museum, stating that he was simply performing his duties. (她（Froukje Budding）强调，她对这位刚到博物馆工作的机械师没有不满情绪，还表示他只是在履行自己的工作职责)”可知，Budding 强调对刚到博物馆工作的机械师没有不满情绪，并且表示他只是在履行自己的工作职责，即他看到这些作品在电梯里展出，便把它们扔进了垃圾桶（见小题1详解）。由此可以推断出，Budding 对机械师的行为持理解的态度。故选 A项。 【6题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第四段“Sietske van Zanten, the museum’s director, emphasized the museum’s mission to encourage visitors to see everyday objects in a new light. ‘By displaying artworks in unexpected places, we enhance this experience and keep visitors on their toes,’ he added.(博物馆馆长西茨克・范赞滕（Sietske van Zanten）强调了博物馆的使命，即鼓励游客以新的视角看待日常物品。“通过在意想不到的地方展示艺术品，我们增强了这种体验，并让游客保持警觉，”他补充道)”可知，博物馆馆长 Sietske van Zanten 强调博物馆的使命是鼓励游客以新的视角看待日常物品，通过在意想不到的地方展示艺术品来增强这种体验。“keep visitors on their toes”所在句子与前文提到的“displaying artworks in unexpected places(在意想不到的地方展示艺术品)”相呼应，结合语境可知，该短语意思是让游客为可能出现的惊喜做好准备，时刻保持期待和警觉。故选A项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Budding also noted the cans were unlikely to stay on their traditional plinth for long and that they needed to think hard about a careful place to put them next(巴丁（Budding）还指出，这些啤酒罐不太可能长时间放在传统的底座上，而且他们需要认真思考接下来把它们放置在一个合适的地方)”可知，Budding 指出这些啤酒罐不太可能长时间放在传统的底座上，并且他们需要认真思考接下来把它们放置在一个合适的地方。由此可以推断出，这件艺术品未来可能会被放置在一个经过精心挑选的地方。故选B项。 C Our culture is addicted to collective goal setting and the idea that forming new habits during specific times of the year will lead to successful outcomes. But it turns out there’s no real evidence that it is the case. In fact, research suggests that only two people in ten stick with their New Year’s resolutions long term. “I am aware of no research showing that starting fresh in January or October or any other month makes you more likely to stick with a new behaviour,” says Wendy Wood, a behavioural psychologist at the University of Southern California. The reality is that, when it comes to establishing new habits, there really is an ideal time to do it — but it might not be when you think. Wood calls such ideal moments “turning points” — such as an upcoming high school reunion causing you to want to lose a few pounds, or over-drafting (透支) your bank account and realizing it is time to improve your career. He says such moments tend to provide lasting feelings of motivation because they are rooted in something meaningful and more in-depth than just going along with everyone else. Regardless of what promotes your motivation, Wood says it is critical to take action as soon as you feel the desire because you may only have a short window of opportunity to make decisions about what you want to do before your old habits get in the way. For instance, write out a daily schedule that includes time for your new habit and post it where you’ll see it each morning. You might also join a gym while your motivation is high to lock yourself into a monthly payment that will keep you motivated to use the membership even after your interest in getting in shape begins to cool. Another strategy for successful habit formation is breaking down bigger goals into smaller, more specific ones. So instead of saying “I’m going to lose 10 pounds a month”, set a goal to limit your daily calorie intake and get to the gym for 30 minutes a day. 8. What is Wood’s attitude toward making New Year’s resolutions? A. Doubtful. B. Approving. C. Casual. D. Objective. 9. Which of the following examples can be called a “turning point”? A. Falling ill from heavy work. B. Fulfilling a long-held dream. C. Exercising on a regular basis. D. Receiving New Year’s wishes. 10. What plays a leading role in reaching one’s goal according to Wood? A. Motivation. B. Determination. C. Opportunity. D. Action. 11. What is this text mainly about? A. Strategies for setting a collective goal. B. Procedures for finding a turning point. C Approaches to developing a new habit. D. Methods of making a New Year’s wish. 【答案】8. A 9. A 10. D 11. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了培养新习惯的理想时机及有效方法。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段的““I am aware of no research showing that starting fresh in January or October or any other month makes you more likely to stick with a new behaviour,” says Wendy Wood, a behavioural psychologist at the University of Southern California.(南加州大学的行为心理学家温迪・伍德说：“我没有发现任何研究表明，在1月、10月或其他任何月份重新开始，会让你更有可能坚持一种新行为。”)”可推知，Wood对制定新年计划持怀疑态度。故选A。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段的“Wood calls such ideal moments “turning points” — such as an upcoming high school reunion causing you to want to lose a few pounds, or over-drafting (透支) your bank account and realizing it is time to improve your career.(伍德称这些理想时刻为“转折点”——比如即将到来的高中同学聚会让你想减掉几磅体重，或者透支了你的银行账户，然后意识到是时候改善你的职业了)”可推知，“因繁重的工作而生病”这种情况可能会促使人们改变生活方式等，可被称为 “转折点”。故选A。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段的“Regardless of what promotes your motivation, Wood says it is critical to take action as soon as you feel the desire because you may only have a short window of opportunity to make decisions about what you want to do before your old habits get in the way.(不管是什么激发了你的动力，伍德说，一旦你有了这种欲望，立即采取行动是至关重要的，因为在你的旧习惯阻碍你之前，你可能只有很短的机会来决定你想做什么)”可知，根据Wood的说法，在实现目标的过程中，采取行动起着主导作用。故选D。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段中“Our culture is addicted to collective goal setting and the idea that forming new habits during specific times of the year will lead to successful outcomes.(我们的文化沉迷于设定集体目标，并认为在一年中的特定时期养成新习惯将会带来成功的结果)”以及最后一段中“Another strategy for successful habit formation is breaking down bigger goals into smaller, more specific ones. (成功养成习惯的另一个策略是将更大的目标分解成更小、更具体的目标)”可知，本文主要讲述了如何成功养成新习惯的方法和策略。故选C。 D A corn plant knows how to find water in soil with the very tips of its roots, but some varieties, including many used for developing high-output corn in the U.S., appear to have lost part of that ability, according to a Stanford-led study. With climate change increasing droughts, the findings hold potential for developing more drought-resistant varieties of corn. The study, published in the journal Science, uncovers genetic mechanisms (遗传机制) behind “hydropatterning”, or how plant roots branch toward water and avoid dry spaces in soil. In particular, the researchers discovered that ethylene, a plant hormone (激素) known to help bananas ripen, also influences how roots grow to seek water. For this study, the researchers developed a new, simplified way to study water sensitivity in roots. They found corn varieties adapted to hot and wet regions like Mexico were very good at making new root branches toward water and avoiding dry areas. In contrast, the varieties adapted to moderate regions of North America frequently grew roots randomly without distinguishing between dry and wet areas in the soil. “Interestingly, the plants that are better at sensing where the water is are also making deeper root systems,” said lead author Johannes Scharwies. “One idea is that if the plant doesn’t waste time growing root branches into places where it doesn’t find any water and nutrients, then it has more energy to grow deeper down where water is more likely.” Genetic analyses reveal two plant hormones, auxin and ethylene, play a role in how corn roots respond to water. While auxin was already known to help control this process, ethylene’s involvement was a new discovery. In experiments with thale cress — a model plant often used in research — the researchers found auxin signaling promotes root branch development toward water, while ethylene stops branching when the root is exposed to air. Further research is needed to better understand the interaction of these genetic pathways before corn varieties can be developed with more drought-resistant root systems, but the findings highlight the significance of studying these localized responses at root tips, researchers said. 12. What is the primary focus of the Stanford-led study? A. Drought-resistant corn varieties. B. Ethylene’s effect on fruit ripening. C. Genetic regulation of root branching. D Impact of climate change on plant roots. 13. What can be inferred from Johannes Scharwies’ remarks? A. Plant hormones make a big difference to root growth. B. Nutrients guarantee better water-seeking root systems. C. Root branching conserves energy for higher production. D. Stronger hydropatterning was linked to greater root depth. 14. What does paragraph 5 mainly talk about? A. Model plants in research. B. Hormones’ role in root growth. C. Genetic analysis methods. D. Findings of previous research. 15. What does the last paragraph suggest future research do? A. Prioritize development of new corn varieties. B. Work out the mechanisms of genetic interactions. C. Concentrate merely on localized root responses. D. Expand practical applications of hydropatterning. 【答案】12. C 13. D 14. B 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是斯坦福大学领导的一项研究揭示了玉米根系如何感知土壤水分并生长分支的遗传机制。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“The study, published in the journal Science, uncovers genetic mechanisms behind “hydropatterning”, or how plant roots branch toward water and avoid dry spaces in soil.(这项发表在《科学》杂志上的研究揭示了“水模式”背后的遗传机制，即植物的根是如何向水分支并避开土壤中的干燥空间的。)”可知，斯坦福大学领导的这项研究的主要焦点是根分枝的遗传调控。故选C。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段““Interestingly, the plants that are better at sensing where the water is are also making deeper root systems,” said lead author Johannes Scharwies.(“有趣的是，更善于感知水源的植物根系也更深，”首席作者Johannes Scharwies说。)”可知，从Johannes Scharwies的话中可以推断出更强的水模式与更大的根深有关。故选D。 【14题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第五段“Genetic analyses reveal two plant hormones, auxin and ethylene, play a role in how corn roots respond to water. While auxin was already known to help control this process, ethylene’s involvement was a new discovery.(遗传分析揭示了两种植物激素，生长素和乙烯，在玉米根系对水的反应中起作用。虽然已知生长素有助于控制这一过程，但乙烯的参与是一个新发现。)”可知，第五段主要讲的是激素在根生长中的作用。故选B。 【15题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Further research is needed to better understand the interaction of these genetic pathways before corn varieties can be developed with more drought-resistant root systems, but the findings highlight the significance of studying these localized responses at root tips, researchers said.(研究人员说，在培育出具有更抗旱根系的玉米品种之前，需要进一步的研究来更好地了解这些遗传途径的相互作用，但是这些发现强调了研究根尖上这些局部反应的重要性。)”可知，最后一段建议未来的研究找出基因相互作用的机制。故选B。 第二节（共5小题，每小题2.5，满分12.5） 阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 People are more willing than ever to embrace a cleaner lifestyle, but some aren’t sure where to begin. _____16_____. Here are some of the simple things that can be done by almost anyone. _____17_____ Do you know that clothes can take over 200 years to decompose (分解)? If your T-shirt gets coffee stains, instead of throwing it away, give it a second life as a useful kitchen rag. Besides, empty containers can become flower pots, and broken flower pots can be used as creative decorations in your garden. The list just goes on depending on your creativity. Go dark There are a number of small steps that you can take to use less electricity in your everyday life. Turn off the lights when you leave a room. Unplug electronic items when they aren’t in use. Remember that electricity is a luxury (奢侈)._____18_____. Stop using single-use plastics Plastic waste is in almost all natural environments, especially in oceans. The biggest problem is single-use plastics like shopping bags, straws (吸管)and packaging._____19_____. Therefore, you must stop using single-use plastics. They not only affect wildlife but can take hundreds to thousands of years to break down. Save water _____20_____. Water needs to be transported, filtered, and purified (净化) before it reaches your tap. The energy people use to process it often comes from fossil fuels. Reducing the use of water by switching off the tap while brushing your teeth and collecting the rainwater for the garden means that companies use fewer harmful fuels, which helps clean up the environment. A. Make repairs and create new things B. We should save tap water from being polluted C. Replace old things with new ones based on imagination D. These actions will lower the energy use and save money E. Animals often mistake them for food, which causes death F. In fact, there are plenty of things you can do to live a greener life G. Every drop of tap water you use consumes energy and is actually a polluter 【答案】16. F 17. A 18. D 19. E 20. G 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章就如何过上更清洁、更绿色的生活方式提出建议。 【16题详解】 根据上文“People are more willing than ever to embrace a cleaner lifestyle, but some aren’t sure where to begin.(人们比以往任何时候都更愿意接受更清洁的生活方式，但有些人不确定从哪里开始)”可知，人们想拥抱更清洁的生活方式，但是不知道从哪里开始，结合下文“Here are some of the simple things that can be done by almost anyone.(以下是几乎任何人都能做到的一些简单的事情)”可知，空格处承上启下，说明有一些简单的事情可以让人们过上更绿色的生活，F项“事实上，你可以做很多事情来过更绿色的生活”符合语境。故选F。 【17题详解】 空处是段落小标题，根据本段内容“Do you know that clothes can take over 200 years to decompose (分解)? If your T-shirt gets coffee stains, instead of throwing it away, give it a second life as a useful kitchen rag. Besides, empty containers can become flower pots, and broken flower pots can be used as creative decorations in your garden. The list just goes on depending on your creativity.(你知道衣服需要200多年才能分解吗？如果你的T恤沾上了咖啡渍，不要扔掉，让它作为有用的厨房抹布获得第二次生命。此外，空容器可以变成花盆，破碎的花盆可以作为创意装饰在你的花园里。根据你的创造力，这个清单会一直列下去)”可知，本段主要讲的是把旧的东西修理后变成新的东西，A项“修理并创造新事物”符合语境。故选A。 【18题详解】 根据上文“There are a number of small steps that you can take to use less electricity in your everyday life. Turn off the lights when you leave a room. Unplug electronic items when they aren’t in use. Remember that electricity is a luxury (奢侈).(在日常生活中，你可以采取许多小步骤来减少用电。离开房间时把灯关掉。电子设备不用时拔掉插头。记住，电是一种奢侈品)”可知，空格处总结上文，说明采取这些措施的好处，D项“这些行动将降低能源消耗和节省资金”符合语境。故选D。 【19题详解】 根据上文“Plastic waste is in almost all natural environments, especially in oceans. The biggest problem is single-use plastics like shopping bags, straws (吸管) and packaging.(塑料垃圾几乎存在于所有自然环境中，尤其是海洋中。最大的问题是一次性塑料，如购物袋、吸管和包装)”以及下文“Therefore, you must stop using single-use plastics.(因此，你必须停止使用一次性塑料)”可知，空格处说明一次性塑料的危害，E项“动物经常把它们误认为食物，这会导致死亡”符合语境，故选E。 【20题详解】 根据本段小标题“Save water(节约用水)”以及下文“Water needs to be transported, filtered, and purified (净化) before it reaches your tap. The energy people use to process it often comes from fossil fuels. Reducing the use of water by switching off the tap while brushing your teeth and collecting the rainwater for the garden means that companies use fewer harmful fuels, which helps clean up the environment.(水在到达你的水龙头之前需要运输、过滤和净化。人们用来处理它的能量通常来自化石燃料。刷牙时关掉水龙头，收集雨水用于花园，这意味着公司使用更少的有害燃料，这有助于清理环境)”可知，本段主要讲的是节约用水，G项“你用的每一滴自来水都会消耗能量，实际上是一个污染源”符合语境。故选G。 第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 On a hot morning, a friend called me. He had found a ____21____ injured baby raccoon (浣熊), which, just about eight weeks old, was in terrible shape. As part of my job, I was ____22____ to care for injured animals until they could be released into the wild. I had some doubt whether he would ____23____ the night. Still, I took him home, named him Trouper, and cleaned his ____24____, hoping for a miracle. For four days, the raccoon didn’t move. On the fifth morning. I nearly lost ____25____. Holding him, I whispered, “Sorry.” Suddenly, he ____26____ his legs, moved his mouth weakly and shook himself—as if saying, “I’m still fighting!” That moment gave me ____27____ that he might recover. Weeks later, while helping him practice walking, a sudden wind shut the door ____28____. I jumped, but Trouper didn’t ____29____. My heart sank: he was deaf. Worse, he couldn’t smell or _____30_____. As someone with fading vision myself, I understood his struggle. I decided not to _____31_____ him away. Together with my dog, we started a _____32_____ life. Now 10 years old, Trouper works as a licensed wildlife _____33_____. I take him to schools and community centers to teach about respecting life. His story has been a(n) _____34_____ reminder for many years: every creature _____35_____ a chance. 21. A. slightly B. seriously C. frequently D. purposely 22. A. required B. forced C. ordered D. guided 23. A. enjoy B. suffer C. survive D. fear 24 A. fur B. face C. legs D. wounds 25. A. temper B. interest C. hope D. courage 26. A. broke B. stretched C. checked D. treated 27. A. confidence B. advice C. desperation D. resolution 28. A. gently B. partly C. gradually D. violently 29. A. watch B. mind C. fall D. react 30. A. see B. touch C. hear D. taste 31. A. put B. drive C. send D. give 32. A. lonely B. new C. plain D. luxury 33. A. ambassador B. student C. agent D. rescuer 34. A. general B. distant C. occasional D. constant 35. A. seizes B. loses C. deserves D. understands 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. C 26. B 27. A 28. D 29. D 30. A 31. C 32. B 33. A 34. D 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者救助一只受伤的小浣熊Trouper，并与其共同生活的经历，以及Trouper后来成为野生动物大使的故事。 【21题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他发现了一只严重受伤的小浣熊，这只浣熊大概只有八周大，身体状况非常糟糕。A. slightly稍微地；B. seriously严肃认真地、严重地；C. frequently频繁地；D. purposely故意地。根据下文“which, just about eight weeks old, was in terrible shape.”以及“For four days, the raccoon didn’t move.”可知，这只小浣熊受伤很严重。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为我工作的一部分，我被要求照顾受伤的动物，直到它们能够被放归野外。A. required要求；B. forced强迫；C. ordered命令；D. guided引导。根据上文“As part of my job”可知，作为工作的一部分，作者被要求照顾受伤的动物。考查短语：be required to do sth.，意为“被要求做某事”，符合语境。故选A。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我有些怀疑它是否能挺过当晚。A. enjoy享受；B. suffer遭受；C. survive存活；D. fear害怕。根据上文“He had found a ____1____ injured baby raccoon(浣熊), which, just about eight weeks old, was in terrible shape.”可知，小浣熊伤势严重，所以作者怀疑它是否能熬过当晚。故选C。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，我还是把它带回了家，给它取名叫Trouper，然后清理了它的伤口，期待着奇迹的发生。A. fur皮毛；B. face脸；C. legs腿；D. wounds伤口。根据上文“As part of my job, I was ____2____ to care for injured animals until they could be released into the wild.”可知，作者的工作是照顾受伤的动物。由此可知，作者将小浣熊带回家需要照顾它，为它清理伤口。故选D。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：到了第五天早上，我几乎失去了希望。A. temper脾气；B. interest兴趣；C. hope希望；D. courage勇气。根据上文“For four days, the raccoon didn’t move.”可知，小浣熊四天都没有动。由此可推测，作者认为小浣熊挺不过来了，也就是对小浣熊的存活失去了希望。故选C。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：突然，它伸展了一下腿，嘴巴微微动了动，还抖了抖身子——仿佛在说：“我还在努力坚持呢！”A. broke打破；B. stretched伸展；C. checked检查；D. treated治疗、对待。根据下文“moved his mouth weakly and shook himself”可知，小浣熊动了。由此可知，空处指的是小浣熊伸展了腿。故选B。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：那一刻让我有了信心，相信它有可能康复。A. confidence信心；B. advice建议；C. desperation绝望；D. resolution决心、解决。根据上文“Suddenly, he ____6____ his legs, moved his mouth weakly and shook himself—as if saying, “I’m still fighting!””可推测，小浣熊的这个动作让作者有了它可能会康复的信心。故选A。 【28题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：几周后，在帮助它练习走路的时候，一阵突然的风猛地把门关上了。A. gently温柔地；B. partly部分地；C. gradually逐渐地；D. violently猛烈地。根据下文“I jumped”可推测，门是突然被风猛烈地关上了。故选D。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我吓了一跳，但Trouper没有反应。A. watch观看；B. mind介意；C. fall落下；D. react反应。根据上文“I jumped”以及空前的“but”可推测，空处和上文作者的反应不同；再根据下文“My heart sank: he was deaf.”可推测，门被风猛烈地关上了，可是小浣熊毫无反应，作者这才发现它聋了。故选D。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：更糟糕的是，它闻不到气味，也看不见东西了。A. see看见；B. touch触摸；C. hear听见；D. taste品尝。根据下文“As someone with fading vision myself, I understood his struggle.”可知，小浣熊不仅聋了，还看不见。故选A。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我决定不把它送走。A. put放；B. drive驾驶；C. send发送；D. give给。根据下文“Together with my dog, we started a ____12____ life.”可知，作者决定不把它送走，留下小浣熊一起生活。故选C。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我和我的狗，还有它一起开始了新的生活。A. lonely孤独的；B. new新的；C. plain普通的；D. luxury豪华的。根据上文内容可知，作者救下小浣熊之后，决定留下小浣熊一起生活。所以，作者、狗和小浣熊开始了一种新的生活。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在Trouper已经10岁了，它成了一名获得许可的野生生物形象大使。A. ambassador大使；B. student学生；C. agent代理人；D. rescuer救援者。根据下文“I take him to schools and community centers to teach about respecting life.”可知，Trouper 成为了一个野生动物大使，向人们传播尊重生命的理念。故选A。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：多年来，它的故事一直不断地提醒着人们：每一个生物都理应获得一个机会。A. general一般的；B. distant遥远的；C. occasional偶尔的；D. constant不断的、持续的。根据下文“for many years”可知，小浣熊的故事多年来一直提醒人们，每一个生物都理应获得一个机会。故选D。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：多年来，它的故事一直不断地提醒着人们：每一个生物都理应获得一个机会。A. seizes抓住；B. loses失去；C. deserves值得；D. understands理解。根据上文“I take him to schools and community centers to teach about respecting life.”可知，作者认为人们应该尊重生命，也就是每一个生物都理应获得一个机会。故选C。 第二节（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In 2013, a news photo of a dead polar bear, reduced by scientists’ assessment to “skin and bones” upon discovery on Norway’s Arctic island of Svalbard, shocked many people. An expert who ___36___ (study) polar bears for many years said that from the position of its dead body, the bear appeared to have starved and died. Experts claimed that low sea-ice levels ___37___ (cause) by climate change meant the bear could not hunt seals as before, so it had to travel ___38___ (great) distances in order to find food. This alarming case showed how the increase in temperature had an impact ___39___ Earth’s ecology. Climate scientists think ___40___ is causing the increase in the global average surface temperature is “greenhouse effect”, which includes “natural” greenhouse effect and “man-made” greenhouse effect. The “natural” greenhouse effect refers to ___41___ fact that heat from the sun enters the atmosphere and warms Earth’s surface as short-wave radiation. The heat ___42___ (release) back into space at longer wave lengths. Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, such as methane and carbon dioxide, trap some of the heat, ___43___ (keep) Earth’s climate warm and habitable. Without this process, Earth could not sustain life. However, the “man-made” greenhouse effect has now become a big problem. When people produce huge ___44___ (amount) of extra greenhouse gases by burning fossil fuels, more heat energy is trapped in the atmosphere and causes Earth’s surface temperature ____45____ (rise) quickly. 【答案】36. has studied 37. caused 38. greater 39. on 40. what 41. the 42. is released 43. keeping 44. amounts 45 to rise 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要讲述了2013年挪威北极岛屿上一只饿死的北极熊的案例，引出气候变化导致海冰减少影响北极熊生存，进而介绍了气候变化的原因是温室效应，包括自然和人为的温室效应。 【36题详解】 考查时态。句意：一位研究北极熊多年的专家说，从它的尸体位置来看，这只熊似乎是饿死的。“who ___ (study) polar bears for many years”是定语从句，修饰先行词An expert，空处是从句的谓语动词，“for many years”表明动作从过去持续到现在，用现在完成时，主语who指代先行词An expert，助动词用has，故填has studied。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：专家称，气候变化导致的海冰水平低意味着北极熊不能像以前那样捕猎海豹了。从句已有谓语动词meant，空处应用非谓语动词，low sea-ice levels与cause为被动关系，用过去分词表示被动，作后置定语，故填caused。 【38题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：所以它不得不走更远的距离去寻找食物。根据语境，与之前相比，现在为了找食物要走更远的路，用比较级greater修饰distances作定语，故填greater。 【39题详解】 考查介词。句意：这个令人担忧的案例表明温度的升高是如何对地球生态产生影响的。“have an impact on”是固定短语，意为“对……有影响”，故填on。 【40题详解】 考查主语从句。句意：气候科学家认为，导致全球平均地表温度上升的是“温室效应”。“____ is causing the increase in the global average surface temperature”是主语从句，从句中缺少主语，指物，用what引导，故填what。 【41题详解】 考查冠词。句意：“自然”温室效应是指来自太阳的热量以短波辐射的形式进入大气并使地球表面变暖这一事实。fact后接同位语从句，是对fact的具体解释说明，此处表示特指，应用定冠词the，故填the。 【42题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：热量以较长的波长释放回太空。句子描述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，The heat与release是被动关系，用一般现在时的被动语态，主语The heat是不可数名词，be动词用is，故填is released。 【43题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：大气中的温室气体，如甲烷和二氧化碳，捕获了一些热量，使地球的气候保持温暖和适宜居住。句子已有谓语动词trap，空处为非谓语动词，用现在分词短语作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果，故填keeping。 【44题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：当人们通过燃烧化石燃料产生大量额外的温室气体时，更多的热能被困在大气中，导致地球表面温度迅速上升。“huge amounts of”是固定短语，意为“大量的”，故填amounts。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：当人们通过燃烧化石燃料产生大量额外的温室气体时，更多的热能被困在大气中，导致地球表面温度迅速上升。“cause sb./sth. to do sth.”是固定搭配，意为“导致某人 / 某物做某事”，空处应用动词不定式to rise，故填to rise。 第三部分：写作 （共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是校学生会体育部长李华，你校将举办以“快乐体育，健康生活”为主题的体育节活动。请你给学校的交换生Mike写邮件邀请他参加。内容包括： 1.活动的目的； 2.活动的相关信息。 注意： 1. 词数80左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； Dear Mike, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours Li Hua 【答案】Dear Mike, I hope this email finds you well. I’m Li Hua, the Sports Minister of the Student Union. I'm excited to invite you to our upcoming Sports Festival, themed “Happy Sports, Healthy Life.” The event aims to promote physical fitness, teamwork, and a positive attitude towards sports among students. The festival will take place on November 15th at the school sports field. Activities include basketball matches, relay races, tug-of-war, and fun games like frisbee and obstacle courses. No prior experience is necessary — the festival is open to everyone. Hopefully, it's a great opportunity to have fun, make new friends, and stay active. We would be thrilled if you are interested in joining us and sharing in the fun experience. If you have any questions, please feel free to ask in your email or reach out to me directly. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。考生所在校将举办以“快乐体育，健康生活”为主题的体育节活动。请你给学校的交换生Mike写邮件邀请他参加。 【详解】1.词汇积累 兴奋的：excited→thrilled 提高：promote→enhance 发生：take place→happen 机会：opportunity→chance 2.句式拓展 合并简单句 原句：Firstly, the contest will be held in our school on Dec. 31, at Classroom 201. It will start at 2:00 p.m. and last for three hours. 拓展句：Firstly, the contest will be held in our school on Dec. 31, at Classroom 201, which will start at 2:00 p.m. and last for three hours. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Last but not least, please call me at 82196666 if you have any questions. (运用了if引导条件状语从句) [高分句型2] Hopefully, it’s a great opportunity to have fun, make new friends, and stay active. (运用了it作形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语) 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I woke up with a start and looked at the clock in front of me — 5:00 am. The whole night I had been dreaming and planning various things I wanted to do. After all, it was my 16th birthday! Yesterday, none of my family had shown any sign to indicate that they’ d remembered the fact that my birthday was only 24 hours away. They might have been planning a surprise for me! I raced downstairs. “Well, you’ re up early,” my dad said, his eyes fixed upon the newspaper. My mother, who was cooking breakfast, paid me no attention. “Have they forgotten about me?” I wondered. “No, they would never do that.” “Mama, I was wondering if you could cook me some pancakes,” I said in a cheerful tone. “Jessie, I am in a hurry today. I am afraid I don’t have time to make you pancakes,” my mother said. None of them seemed to be aware of my special day. At least for my sake, they could’ve given it some importance. And none of my brothers seemed to be interested in my birthday either. I felt a bit down. For months we had been planning events for my birthday — shopping, games, decorations and so much more— but now, they all seemed to have forgotten about my birthday. Lunch was boring, with nothing special cooked for my special day. Everyone sat talking about random (随意的) things, not once mentioning my birthday. Disappointed, I climbed up the stairs to my room and lay down in bed. Suddenly, Mom called out to me. I dashed (急奔) towards her, hoping to hear something cheerful. But my optimism (乐观) disappeared when she said, “Me, your dad and your brothers are attending a dinner. Since you woke up early, we thought you might need some sleep. If you feel hungry, there’s food in the fridge. Call if you need help. Bye, and be a good girl.” 注意： 1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右; 2. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。 Paragraph 1: They all waved goodbye one by one, leaving me alone in the house. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: “Surprise!” a lot of voices called out. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文 They all waved goodbye one by one, leaving me alone in the house. I ran to my room and closed the door, crying myself to sleep. Suddenly, I heard something. I observed my surroundings, but there was nothing unusual in my bedroom. I jumped out of my bed, sure that someone was there in the house. “I…I’ve already called the police. You can’t escape!” I shouted. I knew that my threat sounded useless and worthless, but I had to give it a try. With all my courage, I opened the door. “Surprise!” a lot of voices called out. Trying to find out what was happening, I looked around. All my friends, my parents and my brothers came inside the room, holding my birthday cake. I felt so overwhelmed and began to cry. “Oh, I thought you all had forgotten, “I said, fighting back tears. “Not as long as I am alive,” came the voice of a lady. Someone was standing at the door — it was my grandmother! I rushed to her and gave her a hug. That was the best birthday of my life! 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者以为家人忘记了自己的生日，十分伤心。结果发现是家人为自己准备了生日惊喜，作者最后度过了一生中最棒的生日。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“他们一个个挥手告别，把我一个人留在屋里”可知，第一段可描写作者以为家人忘记了自己的生日，十分伤心。 ②由第二段首句内容“‘惊喜！’许多声音喊道”可知，第二段可描写作者的家人给作者生日惊喜，作者感悟。 2.续写线索：作者被独自留在家中——作者伤心——发现家里有人——惊喜——作者感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①急忙：rush to/hurry to ②查明：find out /figure out ③确信：sure/ensure 情绪类 ①哭泣：cry/shed tears ②无价值：worthless/ valueless 【点睛】[高分句型1] I knew that my threat sounded useless and worthless, but I had to give it a try. (运用了that引导宾语从句) [高分句型2] I ran to my room and closed the door, crying myself to sleep. (运用了现在分词作状语) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$