阅读理解 主题语境3 1.自然生态 题组1 -【高考密码】备战2025年高考英语2020-2024五年真题分类汇编

可 Part One 阅读理解 主题语境3 人与自然 1.自然生态 题组一 用时： 易错记录： Passage1(2024·新课标I卷·A篇) 1.What is the aim of the Habitat Restoration HABITAT RESTORATION TEAM Team? Help restore and protect Marin's natural areas A.To discover mineral resources. from the Marin Headlands to Bolinas Ridge.We'll B.To develop new wildlife parks. explore beautiful park sites while conducting C.To protect the local ecosystem. invasive(侵入的)plant removal,winter planting, D.To conduct biological research. and seed collection.Habitat Restoration Team 2.What is the lower age limit for joining the volunteers play a vital role in restoring sensitive Habitat Restoration Team? resources and protecting endangered species across A.5. B.10. the ridges and valleys. C.15. D.18. GROUPS 3.What are the volunteers expected to do? Groups of five or more require special A.Bring their own tools. arrangements and must be confirmed in advance. B.Work even in bad weather. Please review the List of Available Projects and fill C.Wear a team uniform. out the Group Project Request Form. D.Do at least three projects. AGE,SKILLS,WHAT TO BRING Passage2(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷·D篇) Volunteers aged 10 and over are welcome. As cities balloon with growth,access to Read our Youth Policy Guidelines for youth under nature for people living in urban areas is becoming the age of 15. harder to find.If you're lucky,there might be a Bring your completed Volunteer Agreement pocket park near where you live,but it's unusual Form.Volunteers under the age of 18 must have to find places in a city that are relatively wild. the parent/guardian approval section signed. Past research has found health and wellness We'll be working rain or shine.Wear clothes benefits of nature for humans,but a new study that can get dirty.Bring layers for changing shows that wildness in urban areas is extremely weather and a raincoat if necessary. important for human well-being. Bring a personal water bottle,sunscreen,and The research team focused on a large urban lunch. park.They surveyed several hundred park-goers, No experience necessary.Training and tools asking them to submit a written summary online of will be provided..Fulfills(满足)community a meaningful interaction they had with nature in service requirements. the park.The researchers then examined these UPCOMING EVENTS submissions,coding（编码)experiences into Time Meeting Location different categories.For example,one participant's Sunday,Jan.15 Battery Alexander Trailhead experience of "We sat and listened to the waves at 10:00am-1:00pm the beach for a while"was assigned the categories Sunday.Jan.22 Stinson Beach Parking Lot “sitting at beach”and“'listening to waves..” 10:00am-2:30pm Across the 320 submissions,a pattern of Sunday,Jan.29 9: Coyote Ridge Trailhead categories the researchers call a "nature language" 30am-2:30pm began to emerge.After the coding of all 五年高考真题分类集训 英语 submissions,half a dozen categories were noted Passage3(2022·全国甲卷·B篇) most often as important to visitors.These include Goffin's cockatoos,a kind of small parrot encountering wildlife,walking along the edge of native to Australasia,have been shown to have water,and following an established trail. similar shape-recognition abilities to a human two- Naming each nature experience creates a year-old.Though not known to use tools in the usable language,which helps people recognize and wild,the birds have proved skilful at tool use take part in the activities that are most satisfying while kept in the cage.In a recent experiment, and meaningful to them.For example,the cockatoos were presented with a box with a nut experience of walking along the edge of water might be satisfying for a young professional on a inside it.The clear front of the box had a weekend hike in the park.Back downtown during a "keyhole"in a geometric shape,and the birds were workday,they can enjoy a more domestic form of given five differently shaped "keys"to choose this interaction by walking along a fountain on from.Inserting the correct "key"would let out the their lunch break. nut. "We're trying to generate a language that helps In humans,babies can put a round shape in a bring the human-nature interactions back into our daily round hole from around one year of age,but it will lives.And for that to happen,we also need to protect be another year before they are able to do the same nature so that we can interact with it,"said Peter with less symmetrical(对称的)shapes,his ability Kahn,a senior author of the study. to recognize that a shape will need to be turned in a 1.What phenomenon does the author describe at specific direction before it will fit is called an the beginning of the text? "allocentric frame of reference".In the experiment, A.Pocket parks are now popular. Goffin's cockatoos were able to select the right tool B.Wild nature is hard to find in cities. for the job,in most cases,by visual recognition C.Many cities are overpopulated. D.People enjoy living close to nature. alone.Where trial-and-error was used,the 2.Why did the researchers code participant cockatoos did better than monkeys in similar tests. submissions into categories? This indicates that Goffin's cockatoos do indeed A.To compare different types of park-goers. possess an allocentric frame of reference when B.To explain why the park attracts tourists. moving objects in space,similar to two-year-old C.To analyze the main features of the park. babies. D.To find patterns in the visitors'summaries. The next step,according to the researchers,is to 3.What can we learn from the example given in try and work out whether the cockatoos rely entirely paragraph 5? on visual clues(线索)，or also use a sense of touch in A.Walking is the best way to gain access to making their shape selections. nature. 1.How did the cockatoos get the nut from the box B.Young people are too busy to interact with in the experiment? nature. A.By following instructions. C.The same nature experience takes different B.By using a tool. forms. D.The nature language enhances work perfor- C.By turning the box around. D.By removing the lid. mance. 4.What should be done before we can interact with 2.Which task can human one-year-olds most likely nature according to Kahn? complete according to the text? A.Language study. A.Using a key to unlock a door. B.Environmental conservation. B.Telling parrots from other birds. C.Public education. C.Putting a ball into a round hole. D.Intercultural communication. D.Grouping toys of different shapes. 60 回 Part One 阅读理解 3.What does the follow-up test aim to find out 1.Which of the following best describes the about the cockatoos? breeding programme? A.How far they are able to see. A.Costly. B.Controversial. B.How they track moving objects. C.Ambitious. D.Successful. C.Whether they are smarter than monkeys. 2.What does Paul Beer say about the new-born D.Whether they use a sense of touch in the rhino? test. A.She loves staying with her mother. 4.Which can be a suitable title for the text? B.She dislikes outdoor activities. C.She is in good condition. A.Cockatoos:Quick Error Checkers D.She is sensitive to heat. B.Cockatoos:Independent Learners 3.What similar experience do Solio and Kisima C.Cockatoos:Clever Signal-Readers have? D.Cockatoos:Skilful Shape-Sorters A.They had their first born in January. Passage4(2021·全国甲卷·B篇) B.They enjoyed exploring new places. Port Lympne Reserve,which runs a breeding C.They lived with their grandmothers. (繁育)programme,has welcomed the arrival of a D.They were brought to the reserve young. rare black rhino calf(犀牛幼崽).When the tiny 4.What can be inferred about Port Lympne Reserve? creature arrived on January 31,she became the A.The rhino section will be open to the public. 40th black rhino to be born at the reserve.And B.It aims to control the number of the animals. officials at Port Lympne were delighted with the C.It will continue to work with the World new arrival,especially as black rhinos are known Wildlife Fund. for being difficult to breed in captivity () D.Some of its rhinos may be sent to the protected Paul Beer,head of rhino section at Port wild areas. Passage5(2021·新高考I卷·C篇) Lympne,said:"Obviously we're all absolutely When the explorers first set foot upon the delighted to welcome another calf to our black continent of North America,the skies and lands rhino family.She's healthy,strong and already were alive with an astonishing variety of wildlife. eager to play and explore.Her mother,Solio,is a Native Americans had taken care of these precious first-time mum and she is doing a fantastic job.It's natural resources wisely.Unfortunately,it took still a little too cold for them to go out into the the explorers and the settlers who followed only a open,but as soon as the weather warms up,I have few decades to decimate a large part of these no doubt that the little one will be out and about resources..Millions of waterfowl(水禽)were exploring and playing every day." killed at the hands of market hunters and a handful The adorable female calf is the second black of overly ambitious sportsmen.Millions of acres of rhino born this year at the reserve,but it is too wetlands were dried to feed and house the ever- early to tell if the calves will make good candidates increasing populations,greatly reducing waterfowl to be returned to protected areas of the wild.The habitat(栖息地). first rhino to be born at Port Lympne arrived on In 1934,with the passage of the Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act (Act),an increasingly January 5 to first-time mother Kisima and weighed concerned nation took firm action to stop the about 32kg.His mother,grandmother and great destruction of migratory(迁徙的)waterfowl and grandmother were all born at the reserve and still the wetlands so vital to their survival.Under this live there. Act,all waterfowl hunters 16 years of age and According to the World Wildlife Fund,the over must annually purchase and carry a Federal global black rhino population has dropped as low Duck Stamp.The very first Federal Duck Stamp was as 5500,giving the rhinos a "critically endangered" designed by J.N."Ding"Darling,a political cartoonist status. from Des Moines,Iowa,who at that time was appointed 五年高考真题分类集训 英语 by President Franklin Roosevelt as Director of the person's face.The researchers then tested the Bureau of Biological Survey.Hunters willingly pay the dogs'ability to distinguish between human facial stamp price to ensure the survival of our natural expressions by showing them the other half of the resources. person's face on images totally different from the About 98 cents of every duck stamp dollar ones used in training.The researchers found that goes directly into the Migratory Bird Conservation the dogs were able to pick the angry or happy face Fund to purchase wetlands and wildlife habitat for by touching a picture of it with their noses more inclusion into the National Wildlife Refuge System often than one would expect by random chance. -a fact that ensures this land will be protected The study showed the animals had figured out and available for all generations to come.Since how to apply what they learned about human faces 1934,better than half a billion dollars has gone during training to new faces in the testing stage. into that Fund to purchase more than 5 million "We can rule out that the dogs simply distinguish acres of habitat.Little wonder the Federal Duck between the pictures based on a simple cue,such as Stamp Program has been called one of the most the sight of teeth,"said study author Corsin successful conservation programs ever initiated. Muller."Instead,our results suggest that the 1.What was a cause of the waterfowl population successful dogs realized that a smiling mouth decline in North America? means the same thing as smiling eyes,and the same A.Loss of wetlands. rule applies to an angry mouth having the same B.Popularity of water sports. meaning as angry eyes. C.Pollution of rivers. "With our study,we think we can now D.Arrival of other wild animals. confidently conclude that at least some dogs can 2.What does the underlined word "decimate"mean distinguish human facial expressions,"Muller told in the first paragraph? Live Science. A.Acquire. B.Export. At this point,it is not clear why dogs seem to C.Destroy. D.Distribute. be equipped with the ability to recognize different 3.What is a direct result of the Act passed facial expressions in humans."To us,the most in1934? likely explanation appears to be that the basis lies A.The stamp price has gone down. in their living with humans,which gives them a lot B.The migratory birds have flown away. of exposure to human facial expressions,"and this C.The hunters have stopped hunting. exposure has provided them with many chances to D.The government has collected money. learn to distinguish between them,Muller said. 4.Which of the following is a suitable title for the 1.The new study focused on whether dogs can text? A.The Federal Duck Stamp Story A.distinguish shapes B.The National Wildlife Refuge System B.make sense of human faces C.The Benefits of Saving Waterfowl C.feel happy or angry D.The History of Migratory Bird Hunting D.communicate with each other Passage6(2021·浙江6月卷·C篇) 2.What can we learn about the study from If you ever get the impression that your dog paragraph 2? can "tell"whether you look content or annoyed, A.Researchers tested the dogs in random order. you may be onto something.Dogs may indeed be B.Diverse methods were adopted during training. able to distinguish between happy and angry C.Pictures used in the two stages were different human faces,according to a new study D.The dogs were photographed before the lest. Researchers trained a group of 11 dogs to 3.What is the last paragraph mainly about? distinguish between images(图像)of the same A.A suggestion for future studies. person making either a happy or an angry face. B.A possible reason for the study findings. During the training stage,each dog was shown C.A major limitation of the study only the upper half or the lower half of the D.An explanation of the research method. 62详解答案 【语篇解读】文章通过20世纪60年代一项针对孩子的棉 Bring layers for changing weather and a raincoat if 花糖实验引出作者观点一身处网络时代，我们每天都受 necessary'”可知，无论天气好坏，志愿者都会工作。由此 到大量信息的诱基，要学会做有选择的信息消费者 可见，志露者甚至会在恶劣天气下工作，故选B l,D理解具体信息。根据第一段对Mischel的棉花糖实 Passage 2 脸的介绍中的“Each child was told if they waited for 15 体裁：说明文主题语境：人与自然一人类生存、社会发 minutes before eating the treat,they would be given a 展与环境的关系一人类与自然的互动 second treat'”可知，孩子们如果等待15分钟再吃糖，就会 【语篇解读】文章主要介绍了一项新的科学研究，研究发 得到第二份奖励，故选D项。 现城市中的野生自然环境对人类健康至关重要。为了与大 2.C理解具体信息。极据题干中“mismatch”这一关键词 自然互动，该研究的作者呼吁人们保护环境， 将答聚定位在第三段的最后一句话“But as we've 1.B推理判断题。【定位句】As cities balloon with reshaped the world around us,dramatically reducing the growth,access to nature for people living in urban areas cost and effort involved in obtaining calories,we still have is becoming harder to find.If you're lucky,there might be the same brains we had thousands of years ago,and this a pocket park near where you live,but it's unusual to find mismatch is at the heart...we shouldn'teat”。由此句可 places in a city that are relatively wild..(第一段) 知，我们获取热量所需付出的成本和努力大大减少，也就 译文：随着城市的扩建，生活在城市地区的人们越来总难 是说现在我们能够轻易获取充足的食物了，但是我们的 以接触到大自然。如果你车运，在你居住的地方附近可 大脑仍然和数千年前一样，因此这两者之间是不匹配的， 能会有一个小公国，但在城市里很难找到相对天然的地 故选C项。A项“热量置乏的世界和我们的好胃口”：B 方。根据定位句可知，作者在文章开头描述的现象是：在 项“糖分的缺乏和我们的营养需求”：C项“充足的食物供 城市里很难找到原生的自然环境。B项与“it's unusual 应和我们一成不变的大脑”：D项“诱人的食物和我们为 to find places in a city that are relatively wild"是同义w 保持健康所微的努力”。 述。故选B。 3,B推断。根据最后一段中的“Therefore.,we also need 2.D推理判断题.【定位句】Across the320 submissions,a to be more thoughtful about our information pattern of categories the researchers call a "nature consumption.resisting the temptation of the mental 'junk language"began to emerge.After the coding of all food'in order to manage our time most effectively"可知， submissions.half a dozen categories were noted most 作者建议我们要谨慎地对待信息消觉，燕制那些对我们 often as important to visitors,(第四段第一，二句) 的精神健康有害的信息诱感，以达到高效管理时间的目 译文：在提交的320份文件中，研究人员称之为“自然语 的。因此可锥断出，作者建议读者要做有选择的信息消费 言”的一种分类方式开始显现。在对（提变的）所有文件 者，故选B项。A项“欣然接受新信息”：C项“使用多样化 进行编码后，六个最常出现的类别对游客来说最重要。 的信息源”：D项“保护信息环境” 根据定位句可推知，研究人员对参与者提交的文件进行 4.D理解文章主旨要义。本文围绕棉花糖实验展开，从最 分类编码是为了从游客的总结中我到规排。枚选D 初针对幼儿因孩子的测试引入，说明棉花糖对孩子的影 3.C推理判断题，【定位句】Naming each nature 响，再类比到成人身上，阐述了在充斥着各类信息的信息 experience creates a usable language,which helps people 大环境下，我们成年人也应该要学会抵制不良信息带来 recognize and take part in the activities that are most 的诗惑，做一个有选择的信息消费者，因此文章重点介绍 satisfying and meaningful to them.For example,the 了成人面临的“棉花糖实验”，故选D项。 experience of walking along the edge of water might be 主题语境3人与自然 satisfying for a young professional on a weekend hike in 1.自然生态 the park.Back downtown during a workday,they can 题组一 enjoy a more domestic form of this interaction by walking 语篇类型：应用文主题语境：人与社会一公益事业与志 along a fountain on their lunch break.(第五段) 觅服务一生物栖息地修复工作队志愿者招募 译文：命名每一种自然体验（都会）创造一种可用的语言， l,C理解具体信息，根据第一段中的“Help restore and 这有助于人们认识并参与对他们来说最满意和最有意义 protect Marin's natural areas”和“Habitat Restoration 的活动。倒如，对于一个周末在公园里远足的年轻的专 Team volunteers play a vital role in restoring sensitive 业人士来说，沿着水边散步的体验可能令人满足。在工 resources and protecting endangered species”可知，生物 作日期间回到商业区，他们可以通过午休时沿着喷泉散 柄息地修复工作队恢复和保护自然区城，在恢复敏感资 步来享受一种更家庭化的互动形式。 源和保护潮危物种方面起到极其重要的作用。由此可 根据定位句可推知，我们可以从第五段给出的例子中了 见，生物栖息地修复工作队的目标是保护当地的生态系 解到：同样的自然体验有不同的形式。故选C 统。故选C。 4.B旅理判断题。【定位句】We're trying to generate a 2.B理解具体信息，根据AGE,SKILLS,WHAT TO language that helps bring the human-nature interactions BRING部分中的“Volunteers aged I0 and over are back into our daily lives.And for that to happen.we also welcome”可知，加入生物桶息地修复工作队的最低年龄 need to protect nature so that we can interact with it," 是10岁。故选B。 said Peter Kahn,a senior author of the study.(第六段) 3.B理解县体信息.根据AGE,SKILLS,WHAT TO 译文：该研究的第一作者Peter Kahn说：“我们正试图创 BRING部分中的“We'll be working rain or shine,, 造一种有助于让人类与自然的互动四归到我们日常生活 155 五年高考真题分类集训 英语 中的语言。为了实现这一点，我们还需要保护大自然，这 rhino to be born at the reserve.(1月3I目，当这共小犀牛 样我们才能与它互动。“ 来到保护区时，她成为了第40头在保护区出生的黑犀 根据定住句可推知，在与自然互动之前，我们应该保护环 牛)”以及文章倒数第二段"The first rhino to be born at 境。B项与文中的“protect nature”是同义转述。故选B. Port Lympne arrived on January 5 to first-time mother Passage 3 Kisima and weighed about32kg,(1月5日，犀牛妈妈 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍一种会识 Kisima分娩的第一头小犀牛，同时也是第一个出生在 别形状的风头鹦鹉。 Port Lympne,体重约为32公斤)”可知，Solio和Kisima l.B细节理解题。根据第一段“Though not known to use 的第一个孩子都是在一月份出生的。故远A tools in the wild,the birds have proved skilful at tool use 4.D推理判断题。通过文章倒数第二段“it is too early to while kept in the cage,(虽然人们不知道这些鸟在野外会 tell if the calves will make good candidates to be returned 使用工具，但事实证明，它们在关在笼子里时就能热练地 to protected areas of the wild(要判断这些小犀牛是否会 使用工具)”和“the birds were given five differently 成为返回野生保护区的好的侯选者还为时过早)”可 shaped 'keys'to choose from.Inserting the correct 知，Port Lympne保护区的一些犀牛可能会被送到野生保 “keys'would let out the nut..(研究人萸给了这些乌5把 护区。故选D。 形状各异的“朝匙”供它们选择。插入正确的“钥匙”会让 Passage 5 坚果出来)”可知，在实验中，凤头鹦鹅是通过使用工具从 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。由于北美水禽数量急剧 盒子里取出坚果的。故选B。 减少，因此政府通过立法来制止人们捕陆水禽以及破坏迁 2.C每节理解题。根据第二段“In humans,babies can put 徙的水鸟的栖息地，并为此设计了联邦鸭票。文章主要介 a round shape in a round hole from around one year of age 绍了联邦鸭票的起源，发展和意义。 (在人类身上，曼儿从一岁左右就可以把一个园形的物品 l.A细节理解题。【定位句】Millions of acres of wetlands 效进一个圆形的洞里)”可知，一岁儿童最有可能完成“将 were dried to feed and house the ever-increasing 一个球放进一个圆形的洞里”的任务。故选C populations,greatly reducing waterfowl habitat(插息地) 3.D推理判断题。根据最后一段“The next step: (第一段最后一句) according to the researchers.is to try and work out 译文：数百万英亩的温地被弄干，以养活和容纳不断增长 whether the cockatoos rely entirely on visual clues,or 的人口，大大减少了水禽的栖息地。 also use a sense of touch in making their shape selections. 根据第一段内容尤其是定位句可知，涩地的减少使得北 (根据研究人员的说法，下一步是尝试弄清楚风头鹅鸡是 美水禽数量下降。故选A。 完全依靠视觉线索，还是也使用触觉来速择它们的形 2.C词义猜渊题。根据第一段第二句“Native Americans 状)”可推知，后续测武的目的是了解凤头鹦鸠在测试中 had taken care of these precious natural resources 是否使用触觉。故远D。 wisely,”可知，北美土著居民明智地保护了这些宝黄的自 4.D。主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段“Coffin's 然资源：结合画线词所在句中的“Unfortunately”可知，不 cockatoos.a kind of small parrot native to Australasia. 幸的是，仅仅儿十年后，探险者和殖民者就破坏了大部分 have been shown to have similar shape-recognition 资源。因此，decimate应意为“破坏，毁灭，摧毁"，与C项 abilities to a human two-year-old.(科芬的凤头鹦鹅是 意思相符。故选C。 种原产于大洋洲的小鹦热，它的形状识别能力与两岁的 3.D推理判新题。【定位句】Under the Act,all waterfowl 人类相似)”可推知，本文主要介绍会识别形状的凤头鹦 hunters 16 years of age and over must annually purchase 鹅。D.Cockatoos:Skilful Shape-Sorters(凤头鹅鹅：识 and carry8 Federal Duck Stamp.(第二段第二句) 别形扶的熟练工)特合文意，最适合作为本文标题。故 译文：根据这一法案，所有16岁及16岁以上的水禽猎人 选D 每年必须购买并携带联邦鸭票。 Passage 4 根据定位句可知，法案规定16岁及16岁以上的水禽猎人每 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介细了在Pot 年必须购买并携带联邦鸭票。由此可推知，1931年通过法案 Lympne保护区的部分黑旱牛现状。 的直接结果是政府筹集了资金。故选D。 L.D推理判断题。通过文章第一段“she became the4 Oth black 4.A标题概括题。通埃全文可知，文章介绍了联邦鸭票的 rhino to be born at the reserve(地成为该保护区出生的第4o 起源，发展及意义。因此，A项适合做本文的标题。故 头黑犀牛)”以及文章倒数第二较“His mother,grandmother 选A。 and great grandmother were all born at the reserve and still live Passage 6 h吧（他的母亲，租母和曾祖母都出生在保护区，至今仍住 【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。一项研究证明狗能够识别 在那里)”可知，保护区的繁育计划使很多黑犀牛成功存活， 人类面部表情，但目前还不清楚它们为什么有这种能力，可 可非知，这计划是成功的。故选D, 能的原因是它们长时问与人类共同生活。 2.C细节理解题。通过文章第二段“She's healthy,strong l.B知节理解题。根据第二段的”Researchers trained a and already eager to play and explore.(她很健康，很强 group of 11 dogs to distinguish between images of the 壮，已经渴望玩要和探索了)”可知，Paul Beer认为新生的 same person making either a happy or an angry face. 犀牛身体状况很好。故选C。 究人员训练了11只狗来区分同一个人脸上的表情是高 3.A细节理解题。通过文章第一段“When the tiny 兴还是慣怒)”可知，该新研究的头注点是狗是否能够区 creature arrived on January 31,she became the 40th black 分人的面部表情。故选B 156 可 详解答案 2,C细节理解题。极据第二段的“During the training Passage 2 stage.each dog was shown only the upper half or the 【语篇解读】本文是说明文，讲述了美国灰熊从擷危物种 lower half of the person's face.The researchers then 恢复到2000多头，但也带来了一共何题 tested the dogs'ability to distinguish between human 1.A 细节理解题。根据第一夜中“Grizzly bears,which facial expressions by showing them the other half of the may grow to about 2.5 m long and weigh over 400 kg, person's face or images totally different from the ones occupy a conflicted corner of the American psyche-we used in training.(在训练阶段，每只狗只看到人脸的上半 revere them even as they give us frightening dreams. 都分或下羊部分，研究人员随后测试了狗辨别人类面那 熊可以长到2.5米长，体重超过400公斤，在美国人的心 表情的能力，向狗展示了人的另一半面部或与调练中使 理中占据着一个矛盾的角落一即使它们给我们带来可 用的完全不同的图像)”可知，在训练和测试阶段，狗看的 怕的梦，我们也数畏它们。)”可知，美国人对灰熊既有害 照片是不一样的。故逃C。 怕，又有敞最，他们的情感是混合的。故选A。 3,B主旨大意题。根据最后一段的“‘T0us,the most 2.C推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“1n1975, likely explanation appears to be that the basis lies in their grizzlies were listed under the Endangered Species Act. living with humans.which gives them a lot of exposure to (1975年，灰熊被列入《濒危物种法》。)”以及第四段 human facial expressions,and this exposure has provided "Today,there are about 2.000 or more grizzly bears in them with many chances to learn to distinguish between the U.S..Their recovery has been so successful that the them'Muller said..(Muller说：“对我们来说，最可能的解 U.S.Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted to 释似乎是，基于他们与人类生活在一起，这让他们有很多 delist grizzlies.which would loosen legal protections and 机会接触人类的面部表情，而这种接触为他们提供了很多 allow them to be hunted..(如今，美国大约有2000只或更 机会，让他们学会区分它们。”)”可知，最后一役主要讲述了 多的灰能。它们的恢复非常成功，以至于美国鱼类和野 狗能够辨别人类面部表情的可能原因。故选B 生动物管理局两次狱图将灰熊从名单上除名，这将放松 题组二 对灰熊的法律保护，允许它们被猎杀。)”可推知，由于 Passage I 1975年起受法律保护，灰熊的数量有了增长。故选C。 语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与自然一人与动物 3.A细节理解题。根据第四段中“Today,there are about 理解猫的生活习性 2.000 or more grizzly bears in the U.S..Their recovery 【语篇解读】本文介绍了猫的生活习性，它们的周声特别， has been so successful that the U.S.Fish and Wildlife 使与人类交流，奥觉敏锐，能识别主人，许多猫会将在外面 Service has twice attempted to delist grizzlies.which 找到的物品带给主人表达爱意。 would loosen legal protections and allow them to be 1.A理解县体信息。本题问“从第一段中可以学到关于猫 hunted.Both efforts were overturned due to lawsuits from 的喵喵叫的什么信息？”。A项“它是一种生存技能”：B项 conservation groups.For now,grizzlies remain listed. “它是猫妈妈教的：C顶“它很难解释”：D项“随着年龄的 今，美国大约有2,000只或更多的灰熊。它们的恢复非 增长，叫声越来越大”。根据第一段中的"They are able to 常成功，以至于美国鱼类和野生动物管理局两次试图将 have entire conversations with humans using meows...a 灰熊从名单上除名，这将放松对灰熊的法律保护，充许它 pet cat is hungry.it will keep meowing to attract attention 们被猎杀。由于环保组织的诉讼，这两项努力都被推制 and find food""Meowing starts as soon as a baby cat... 了。目前，灰熊仍在名单上。)”可知，是环保组织的反对 be fed”可知，猎用喵荷叫和人对话。如果一只宠物猫饿 阻止了美国鱼类和野生动物管理局将灰能从濒危物种名 了，它会不停地喵喵回以吸引注意力并我到食物。喵喵 单上徐名。故远A, 叫从小猫一出生就开始了，小猫用它来吸引猫妈妈的注 4.B推理判断题。根据最后一段中“(bviously,if 意并被喂食。由此可知，喵喵叫是猫的生存技能。 precautions aren't taken.grizzlies can become 2.C推断。根据第二段的“They use their noses to8 ssess troublesome,sometimes killing farm animals or walking their environment and look out for any signs of danger... through yards in search of food.If people remove food and looking for familiar smells”可知，猫用鼻子评估环境并留 attractants from their yards and campsites,grizzlies will 心任何危险達象。它们能够区分不同环境的另一种方法 typically pass by without trouble.Putting electric fencing 是寻找熟悉的气味。由此可推断，猫通过检查气味来评 around chicken houses and other farm animal quarters is 估不同的环境。故选C, also highly effective at getting grizzlies away.'Our hope 3,D理解词汇。画线短语前提到狗以其令人印象深刻的 is to have a clean.attractant-free place where bears can 取物习惯而闻名，下文介绍了猫的行为，它们会将在外面 pass through without learning bad habits.'says James 找到的物品带到主人身边以表达它们的爱意，故画线短 Jonkel.longtime biologist who manages bears in and 语所在部分表明猫将这种行为提升了一个档次，它们在 around Missoula.(是然，如果不采取预防措施，灰熊会变 取物方面做得更好。D项可以解释画线短语含义。 得很麻烦，有时会杀死农场动物，或者在院子里寻找食 4,B理解文章主旨要义。阅读文章可知，第一段介绍了猫 物。如果人们把食物和引诱剂从他们的院子和露营地移 的惊人的发声技能，第二段介绍了猫的奥凳敏锐，能够区 走，灰熊通常会安然通过。在鸡舍和其他农场动物生活 分不同的环境，第三段介绍了穑的令人印豪深刻的取物 区周国设置电动国栏也能有效地赶走灰篇。“我们希望 习惯，这些都属于对猫的行为的介绍。B项“理解猫的行 有一个干净，没有诱饵的地方，熊可以通过，而不会养成 为”概括了文章内容，适合作标题。 坏习惯，”詹博斯·琼克尔说，他是一位长期管理米苏扭 157