阅读理解 主题语境1 2.做人与做事 题组2&题组3 -【高考密码】备战2025年高考英语2020-2024五年真题分类汇编

五年高考真题分类集训 英语 题组二 用时： 易错记录： Passage1(2023·新课标I卷·B篇) Burlington.He also designed an eco-machine to When John Todd was a child,he loved to clean canal water in Fuzhou,a city in southeast explore the woods around his house,observing China. how nature solved problems.A dirty stream,for “Ecological design'”is the name John gives to example,often became clear after flowing through what he does."Life on Earth is kind of a box of plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. spare parts for the inventor,"he says."You put When he got older,John started to wonder if this organisms in new relationships and observe what's process could be used to clean up the messes happening.Then you let these new systems people were making. develop their own ways to self-repair." After studying agriculture,medicine,and 1.What can we learn about John from the first two fisheries in college,John went back to observing paragraphs? nature and asking questions.Why can certain A.He was fond of traveling. plants trap harmful bacteria(细菌)？Which kinds B.He enjoyed being alone. of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals?With the C.He had an inquiring mind. right combination of animals and plants,he D.He longed to be a doctor. figured,maybe he could clean up waste the way 2.Why did John put the sludge into the tanks? nature did.He decided to build what he would later A.To feed the animals. call an eco-machine. B.To build an ecosystem. The task John set for himself was to remove C.To protect the plants. harmful substances from some sludge(污泥). D.To test the eco-machine First,he constructed a series of clear fiberglass 3.What is the author's purpose in mentioning tanks connected to each other.Then he went Fuzhou? around to local ponds and streams and brought A.To review John's research plans. back some plants and animals.He placed them in B.To show an application of John's idea. the tanks and waited.Little by little,these C.To compare John's different jobs. different kinds of life got used to one another and D.To erase doubts about John's invention. formed their own ecosystem.After a few weeks, 4.What is the basis for John's work? John added the sludge. A.Nature can repair itself. He was amazed at the results.The plants and B.Organisms need water to survive. animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food C.Life on Earth is diverse. and began to eat it!Within weeks,it had all been D.Most tiny creatures live in groups. digested,and all that was left was pure water. Passage2(2020·山东卷·B篇) Over the years,John has taken on many big Jennifer Mauer has needed more willpower jobs.He developed a greenhouse-like facility that than the typical college student to pursue her goal treated sewage(污水)from1,600 homes in South of earning a nursing degree.That willpower bore 20 可 Part One阅读理解 fruit when Jennifer graduated from University of 1.What did Jennifer do after high school? Wisconsin-Eau Claire and became the first in her A.She helped her dad with his work. large family to earn a bachelor's degree. B.She ran the family farm on her own. Mauer,of Edgar,Wisconsin,grew up on a C.She supported herself through college. farm in a family of 10 children.Her dad worked at D.She taught her sisters and brothers at home. a job away from the farm,and her mother ran the 2.Why did Jennifer choose the program at Ministry farm with the kids.After high school,Jennifer Saint Joseph's Hospital in Marshfield? attended a local technical college,working to pay A.To take care of her kids easily. her tuition(学费)，because there was no extra B.To learn from the best nurses. money set aside for a college education.After C.To save money for her parents. graduation,she worked to help her sisters and D.To find a well-paid job there. brothers pay for their schooling. 3.What did Jennifer sacrifice to achieve her goal? Jennifer now is married and has three children A.Her health. of her own.She decided to go back to college to B.Her time with family. advance her career and to be able to better support C.Her reputation. her family while doing something she loves: D.Her chance of promotion. nursing.She chose the UW-Eau Claire program at 4.What can we learn from Jennifer's story? Ministry Saint Joseph's Hospital in Marshfield A.Time is money. because she was able to pursue her four-year B.Love breaks down barriers. degree close to home.She could drive to class and C.Hard work pays off. be home in the evening to help with her kids. D.Education is the key to success Jennifer received great support from her family as Passage3(2020·山东、海南卷·B篇) she worked to earn her degree:Her husband When I was 17,I read a magazine article worked two jobs to cover the bills,and her 68- about a museum called the MeNay,once the home year-old mother helped take care of the children at of a watercolorist named Marian MeNay.She had times. requested the community to turn it into a museum Through it all,she remained in good academic upon her death.On a sunny Saturday,Sally and I standing and graduated with honors.Jennifer drove over to the museum.She asked,"Do you sacrificed(牺牲)to achieve her goal,giving up have the address?”“No,butI'll recognize it, many nights with her kids and missing important there was a picture in the magazine." events to study."Some nights my heart was "Oh,stop.There it is!" breaking to have to pick between my kids and The museum was free.We entered,excited.A studying for exams or papers,"she says. group of people sitting in the hall stopped talking However,her children have learned an important and stared at us. lesson witnessing their mother earn her degree. “May I help you?”a man asked.“No,"I said. Jennifer is a first-generation graduate and an "We're fine.Tour guides got on my nerves.What inspiration to her family-and that's pretty if they talked a long time about a painting you powerful. weren't that interested in?Sally had gone 21 五年高考真题分类集训 英语 upstairs.The people in the hall seemed very nosy 1.What do we know about Marian McNay? (爱窥探的)，keeping their eyes on me with A.She was a painter. curiosity.What was their problem?I saw some B.She was a community leader. nice sculptures in one room.Suddenly I sensed a C.She was a museum director. man standing behind me."Where do you think you D.She was a journalist. are?"he asked.I turned sharply."The MeNay Art 2.Why did the author refuse the help from the man Museum!"He smiled,shaking his head."Sorry,the in the house? McNay is on New Braunfels Street.""What's this A.She disliked people who were nosy. place?”I asked,,still confused..“Well,it's our home,” B.She felt nervous when talking to strangers. My heart jolted ()I raced to the staircase and C.She knew more about art than the man. called out,“Sally！Come down immediately！” D.She mistook him for a tour guide. “There's some really good stuff(艺术作品) 3.How did the author feel about being stared at by up there."She stepped down,looking confused.I the people in the hall? pushed her toward the front door,waving at the A.Puzzled. family,saying,"Sorry,please forgive us,you B.Concerned. have a really nice place."Outside,when I told C.Frightened. D.Delighted. Sally what happened,she covered her mouth, 4.Why did the author describe the real MeNay laughing.She couldn't believe how long they let us museum in just a few words? look around without saying anything. A.The real museum lacked enough artwork to The real MeNay was splendid,but we felt interest her. nervous the whole time we were there.Van Gogh, B.She was too upset to spend much time at the real Picasso.This time,we stayed together,in case museum. anything else unusual happened. C.The MeNay was disappointing compared with the Thirty years later,a woman approached me in house. a public place."Excuse me,did you ever enter a D.The event happening in the house was more residence,long ago,thinking it was the McNay significant. Museum?” 5.What could we learn from the last paragraph? “Yes.But how do you know？We never told A.People should have good taste to enjoy life. anyone." B.People should spend more time with their "That was my home.I was a teenager sitting family. in the hall.Before you came over,I never realized C.People tend to be blind to the beauty around what a beautiful place I lived in.I never felt lucky them. before.You thought it was a museum.My feelings D.People tend to educate teenagers at a about my home changed after that.I've always museum. wanted to thank you.” 22 Part One 阅读理解 题组三 用时： 易错记录： Passage(2023·全国乙卷·B篇) missing the sunset entirely.Once we found the Living in lowa and trying to become a place,it was stressful getting lights and cameras photographer specializing in landscape (can set up in the limited time.Still,looking back on be quite a challenge,mainly because the corn state the photos,they are some of my best shots though lacks geographical variation. they could have been so much better if I would Although landscapes in the Midwest tend to have been prepared and managed my time wisely. be quite similar,either farm fields or highways, 1.How does the author deal with the challenge as sometimes I find distinctive character in the hills or a landscape photographer in the Midwest? lakes.To make some of my landscape shots,I have A.By teaming up with other photographers. traveled up to four hours away to shoot within a B.By shooting in the countryside or state parks. 10-minute time frame.I tend to travel with a few of C.By studying the geographical conditions. my friends to state parks or to the countryside to D.By creating settings in the corn fields. go on adventures and take photos along the way. 2.What is the key to successful landscape Being at the right place at the right time is photography according to the author? decisive in any style of photography.I often leave A.Proper time management. early to seek the right destinations so I can set up B.Good shooting techniques. early to avoid missing the moment I am attempting C.Adventurous spirit. to photograph.I have missed plenty of beautiful D.Distinctive styles. sunsets/sunrises due to being on the spot only five 3.What can we infer from the author trip with minutes before the best moment. friends to Devil's Lake? One time my friends and I drove three hours A.They went crazy with the purple quartz rock. to Devil's Lake,Wisconsin,to climb the purple B.They felt stressed while waiting for the quartz(石英)rock around the lake,After we sunset. found a crazy-looking road that hung over a bunch C.They reached the shooting spot later than of rocks,we decided to photograph the scene at expected. sunset.The position enabled us to look over the D.They had problems with their equipment. lake with the sunset in the background.We 4.How does the author find his photos taken at managed to leave this spot to climb higher because Devil's Lake? of the spare time until sunset.However,we did A.Amusing. B.Satisfying. not mark the route(路线)so we ended up almost C.Encouraging. D.Comforting. 23五年高考真题分类集训 英语 胜利者为进入天才俱乐部设定了标准。当俱乐部以外的 4.D推理判断题。文章第五段中提到“Things are 天才—女性或不同肤色成信仰的人一做出贡献时， connected.Let your expertise in one field fuel your 他们不会被承认并且被其他人拒绝)”可推知，作者认为 passions in all related areas.Some of your interests may 那些“胜利者”对进入“天才俱乐部”设置的标准是不公平 not appear to be connected but,once you explore their 的，因为女性或者不同肤色威信仰的人做出的成就是得 depths,you discover that they are,(事物之间是有联系 不到承认的。故选A。 的。让你在一个领域的专长激发你在所有相关领城的热 2.D推理判断题。根据第四段的“Even worse,the study 情。你的一些兴趣可能看起来没有联系，但一旦你深入 found that girls act on that belief:Around age six they 探索，你就会发现它们是有联系的，)”：下文举出Toi的 start to avoid activities said to be for children who are 例子“My editor Toni,who is also a writer,has edited ‘really,really smart,.’(更糟糕的是，研究发现女孩们是 several history books.She has decided to study Chinese 按照这个信念行事的。六岁左右，地们开始避免那些据 history.Fascinated by the structural beauty of the 说是‘非常非常聪明’的孩子参加的活动)”可推知，女孩 Forbidden City as a painter,she is equally interested to 客易受到社会信仰的影响，认为自己在六岁左右就不造 learn more about Chinese philosophy.(我的编榫Toni也 合做“聪明孩子”做的事情。故选D。 是一位作家，地编样过几本历史书。地已决定学习中国 3.A细节理解题。根据最后一段的“n a wired world with 历史。作为一名画家，地痴迷于紫禁城的建筑之美，同时 constant global communication,we're all positioned to see 也对更多地了解中国哲学感兴趣。)”由此可以推断，作者 flashes of genius wherever they appear,.(在一个全球通讯不断 想通过Toi的例子说明看似不相关的兴趣，如果深入探 的有线世界里，我们随时随地都能看到天才的闪现)”可知， 索的话，在某种程度上是有联系的。故选D。 进步的全球通讯让更多的天才被公众所知道。故逃A。 5.A主旨大意题。文章第一段提出观点“There is 4,B主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内客，结合文章第一夜 something to be said for being a generalist,even if you are 提出问题“Who is a genius?(谁是天才)”和最后一段的 a specialist,.”作者提出即使你是一个专家，也应该当一个 "As a writer says,future geniuses come from those with 通才：文章第二段提出“The drawback to being specialists "intelligence,creativity,perseverance,and simple good is we often come to know more and more about less and fortune,who are able to change the world.'(正如一位作 le5s,”说明成为专家的不足之处是我们常常对越来越少 家所说，未来的天才来自那些具有‘智慧、创造力、毅力和 的知识领域了解得越来越深；第四段中提到 那些能够改变世界的简单天才。)”可知，天才不一定是 那些有巨大贡被的人，他们也可以是某一方面比较突出 "Generalists,...,know a lot about a wide range of subjects and view the whole with all its connections." 的普通人。由此可知B项“天才有多种形式”可以作为本 明当通才的优点往往对广泛的学科了解得很多，并从整 文最佳标题。故选B。 体上来看其中的所有的联系。作者的观点是应该当一个 Passage 4 【语篇解读】本文是议论文。文章论述了要当一个多面 通才，因此文章的标题应为“Be More a Generalist Than 手，而不是当某方面的专家 a Specialist(微一个通才，而不是专家)”。故选A. 1,A推理判断题。文章第二段中提到“This requires 题组二 commitment to a particular occupation,branch of study or Passage 1 research.The drawback to being specialists is we often 体裁：记叙文主题语境：人与自然一自然科学研究成 come to know more and more about less and less. 果一John Todd的生态设计 专家需要对特定的职业、研究顿城的授入。成为专家的 【语篇解读】John Todd从小就对自然界的净化过程很感 缺点是我们常常对越来越少的知识领城了解得越来越 兴趣，随着年龄的增长，他不断学习和研究，通过建立动植 多，)”根据“know..about less3 and less'”可知，要成为一 物的生态系统来净化系统内的有害细菌和化学物质，还将 名专家，了解到的知识领城会越来越少，会缩小他的知识 研究咸采应用到了大型污水处理项目中。文章主要介绍了 范围。故选A。 John Todd的生态设计， 2.C细节理解题。第三段中提到“Some people seem 1.C推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“When John Todd willing to work around the clock in their narrow was a child,he loved to explore the woods around his specialty....These specialists could work at the office house,observing how nature solved problems.”可知， until ten each night(有些人似乎愿意在他们狭m的专业 John Todd小时侯喜欢探索房子周图的树林，观察大自然 领域夜以魅日地工作。…这些专家可以每天晚上在办 是如何解决问題的：根据第一段最后一句“When he got 公室工作到十点，)”由此可知，这些专家往往花大部分的 older,John started to wonder if this process could be used 时间在工作上。故选C, to clean up the messes people were making.”可知，John 3.D细节理解题。根据文章第四段中“The doctor who is 长大后开始琢磨这个过程是否可以被用于清理人们制造 also a poet and philosopher is a superior doctor,one who 的混乱；根据第二段第一句“After studying agriculture, can give so much more to his patients than just good medicine,and fisheries in college,John went back to medical skills..(这位既是诗人又是哲学家的医生是一位 observing nature and asking questions.”可知，在大学学 优秀的医生，他能给他的病人提供比良好的医术更多的 习了农业、医学和渔业之后，John回到了观察大自然和提 东西。)”可知，作者认为一名优秀的医生可以将其他领域 问题（的道路）上。由此可推知，John善于观察、思考和提 的知识带到工作中。故远D. 出问题，他有好奇心。故选C。 140 可 详解答案 2,D细节理解题。根据题千中的关键词“sludge”和 3,B推理判断题。【定位句】Jennifer sacrificed(畅牲)to “tanks'”可将信息定位到第三、四段。根据第三段最后一 achieve her goal,giving up many nights with her kids and 句“Afer a few weeks,John added the sludge.."可知，几个 missing important events to study,(最后一段第二句) 星期后，John(在水箱里)加入了污泥。根据第四段“He 译文：为了实现自己的目标，Jennifer做出了牺牲，她效弃 was amazed at the results.The plants and animals in the 了很多个和孩子们在一起的夜晚，为了学习错过了重要 eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! 的事情。根据定位句可推知，Jennifer牺牲了与家人待在 Within weeks,it had all been digested,and all that was 一起的时光。故选B。 left was pure water..”可知，他对结果感到很惊讶。生态 4.C推理判断题。通读全文可知，Jennifer生长在一个有很 机器里的枝物和动物把污泥当成了食物，并开始食用污 多兄弟姐蛛的贫因家庭里，因此在高中毕业后，地自食其力 泥！几周内这些污泥就被完全消化掉了，只刺下了纯净 读完了大学。为了实现自己的目标，Jennifer在结婚后重新 水。由此可推知，John把污泥放进水箱是为了测试生态 回到大学以使自己的事业能够发展得更好，她因此牺牲了很 机器。故选D。 多与家人在一起的时光，但也收获了很多。由此可推知， 3,B推理判断题。根据第五段“Over the years,John has Jennifer的经历告诉我们：务力工作终有回报。故选C。 taken on many big jobs.He developed a greenhouse-like Passage 3 facility that treated sewage()from 1,600 homes in 【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。作者17岁的时候和好友 South Burlington.He also designed an eco-machine to 去博物馆，结果误间民宅，30年后，这家的一位成员认出了 clean canal water in Fuzhou,a city in southeast China." 作者并感谢作者让她意识到自己家的美。 知，多年来，John承担了很多重要的工作。他开发了一个 1.A细节理解题。第一段说，MNay是水彩画家 类似温室的设施，为南伯灵领的1600个家庭处理污水。他 (watercolorist),她要求社区在她死后把地曾经居住的地 还设计了一个生态机器来净化中国东南部的一个城市一 方放咸博物馆，由此判断地是个画家。 福州的运河水。由此可推知，作者提到福州的目的是展示 2.D推理判断题。根据题干信息，我们把答案定位在第四 John的想法的应用。故选B. 段。作者和朋友来到这个博物馆，然后有人询问是否需 4.A推理判断题。通读全文尤其是最后一段最后两句 要帮助的时侯，作者说导游让地紧张，从这些信息判断， "You put organisms in new relationships and observe 作者误以为这个人是导游，因此选D。 what's happening.Then you let these new systems 3,A推理判断题。根据题千的“被大厅里的人盯着看”判 develop their own ways to self--repair..”可知，你把生物放 断，本题答案在第四段。被段说，当作者发现大厅里的人 进新的（环境）关系中，观察发生了什么。然后你让这些 似乎都喜欢窥探，都好奇地酊着自己的时候，心想，“他们 新系统开发自己的方法来进行自我修复。由此可推知， 这是怎么了”(What was their problem)。从这些信息推 John的工作依据是大自然可以自我修复。故选A。 断选A,作者对此十分困意。 Passage 2 4.D推理判断题。第六段说作者和朋友来到真正的 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。Jennifer Mauer生长在 MeNay博物馆，但是她们一直觉得紧张，害怕又出现先 一个有很多兄弟姐蛛的黛因家庭里，因此在高中毕业后，她 前那种不同寻常的事。由此推断，地们一直想着先前误 自食其力读完了大学。为了实现自已的目标，她在结婚后 阅他人的家的事，因此选D。 重新回到大学以使自己的事业能够发展得更好，她因此牺 5.C推理判新题。最后一段这个女士告诉作者，30年前自 牲了很多与家人在一起的时光，但也收获了很多。文章自 己还是一个十几岁的青少年，在作者误闲她家之前，自己 在启迪人们：努力总会有回报。 从来不知道自己的家有多美丽，由此推断选C,“人们往往 l.C细节理解题。【定位句】After high school,Jennifer 对自己身边的美丽视而不见”。 attended a local technical college,working to pay her 题组三 tuition(学使)，because there was no extra money set aside Passage for a college education..(第二段第三句)译文：高中毕业 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者作 后，Jennifer进入了当地的一所技术学院，靠打工挣来的 为一名风景摄影师，在摄影途中发生的一些所见所闻。 钱来支付学赍，因为（家里）没有额外的钱能支付大学教 l.B细节理解题。通过文章第二段“I tend to travel with a 有的费用。根据定位句可知，Jennifer在高中毕业后自食 few of my friends to state parks or to the countryside to 其力，读完了大学。故选C。 go on adventures and take photos along the way.(我领向 2.A细节理解题。【定位句】She chose the UW-Eau Claire 于和几个朋友一起去州立公园或乡村探险，沿淀拍雕。)” program at Ministry Saint Joseph's Hospital in Marshfield 可知，作为一名中西部的风景摄影师，作者应对桃战的方 because she was able to pursue her four-year degree close to 式是去乡村或州立公园拍摄。故逃B。 home.She could drive to class and be home in the evening to 2.A推理判断题。通过文章最后一段“Still,looking back help with her kids.(第三段第三、四句) on the photos,they are some of my best shots though 译文：地选择了位于马什菲尔德的圣约瑟夫医院的UW they could have been so much better if I would have been Eau Claire课程，因为这样地就可以在离家近的地方攻读 prepared and managed my time wisely.(尽管如此，回颅 四年制本科学位。（白天）她可以开车去上深，晚上可以 这些照片，它们仍然是我最好的一些服片，尽管如果我能 回家照顾孩子们。根据定位句可知，Jennifer选择位于马 明智地准备和管理我的时间，它们本可以拍得更好。)”可 什菲尔德的圣约瑟夫医院的UW-Eau Claire课程是因为 推知，作者认为，风景摄影成功的关健是适当的时间管 这样能更方便地照顾地的孩子们。故选A 理。故选A。 141 五年高考真题分类集训 英语 3.C推理判断题。通过文幸最后一段“However,.we did 专业的角度来说，群体智德要求人们的估计是独立的 not mark the route so we ended up almost missing 不论出于何种原因，如果人们的错误变得相美或受他人 the sunset entirely,(然而，我们设有标出路线，所以我们 影响，估计的准确性就会下降。由此可推知，第二段主要 几乎完全错过了日落)”可报知，作者在与朋友的魔鬼湖 介绍了“群体智慧”效应的根本逻辑。故选B。 之旅中，到达拍摄地点的时间比预期的要晚。故选C。 2.D推理判断题。【定位句】The key finding of the study 4,B推理判断题。通过文章最后一段“Still,looking back on was that when crowds were further divided into smaller the photos,they are some of my best shots though they oould groups that were allowed to have a discussion,the have been so much better if I would have been prepared and averages from these groups were more accurate than managed my time wisely.(尽管如此，回顾这些服片，它们仍 those from an equal number of independent individuals. 然是我最好的一些照片，尽管如果我能明智地准备和管理我 (第三段第二句) 的时间，它们本可以拍得更好。)”可推知，作者认为自己在魔 译文：该研究的关健发现是，当人群被进一步划分为允许 鬼湖拍摄的照片是令人满意的。故迭B。 进行讨论的更小的群体时，这些群体的平均结果比同等 数量的独立个体的平均结果更准确。 主题语境2人与社会 根据第二段最后一句“If,for whatever reasons,people's 题组一 errors become correlated or dependent,the accuracy of Passage 1 the estimate will go down.n可知，Galton的研究认为如果 语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与社会一公共服务 人们的错误变得相关或受他人影响，估计的准确性就会 提供医疗服务的列车Saint Lukas 下降。根据第三段第一句“But a new study led by 【语篇解读】Saint Lukas列车为俄罗蜥一些偏远地区提供 Joaquin Navajas offered an interesting twist()on this 医疗服务。 classic phenomenon.”可知，Navajas的研究对这一现象 1,C理解具体信息。根据第一段中的“The Saint Lukas is 进行了扭转，即否定了“如果人们的错误变得相关或受他 one of five government-sponsored medical trains" 人影响，估计的准确性会下降”的说法。站合定位句可 “doctors and nurses on board provide rural(乡村) 知，在允许讨论，即错误变得相关或受他人影响的情况 populations with basic medical care,X-ray scans and 下，小组估计的平均结果更准确，即Navajas的研究发现 prescriptions'”可知，Saint Lukas列车是政府资助的医疗 即使在估计不完全独立的情况下，平均准确率仍然能提 列车，列车上有医生和护士为乡村人口提供基本的医疗 高。故选D。 等，故C项“它的作用相当于一个医院”合题意。 3.C细节理解题。【定位句】In a follow-up8 tudy with100 2,D推断。第三段首句提到俄罗斯的公共医疗服务急需 university students,the researchers tried to get a better 现代化。再结合第三段中的“address the problem, sense of what the group members actually did in their particularly in the poorer,rural areas...arranging discussion,(第四段第一句) doctor's appointments...motivate doctors to practice 译文：在一项100名大学生（参与）的后续研究中，研究人 medicine in remote parts of the country like Krasnoyarsk" 员试图更好地了解小组成员在讨论中的实际行为， 可以推知，Krasnoyarsk是俄罗斯一个贫穷的、医疗条件 根据第四段尤其是定位句可知，后续研究的美注重点是 差的偏远乡村，故D项“它需要医疗援助”符合题意。 讨论的过程。故途C。 3.D理解具体信息。根据第四段中的“For10 months every 4.D观点态度题，【定位句】Although the studies led by year,the train stops at about eight stations over two weeks, Navajas have limitations and many questions remain,the before returning to the regional capital to refuel and restock( potential implications for group discussion and decision- 给)”可知，诚列车每年有十个月都会进行这样的工作：在大 making are enormous,(第五段) 约入个站点停留两周多，然后返回补充燃料和补给。因此， 译文：尽管Nava时as领导的这些研究具有局限性，而且还 该列车一次补给可以工作两周左右，故选D 存在许多问题，但它们对小组讨论和决策的潜在影响是 4.A理解态度。根据最后一段中Ducke的话“I was very 巨大的。 impressed""They were the best chance for many rural A项意为“不确定的”：B项意为“轻蔑的”：C项意为“怀疑 people to get the treatment they want'”可知，Ducke对 的”，D项意为“餐成的”。根据定位句可推知，作者对 Saint Lukas列车服务的态度是赞赏的。故选A. Navajas的研究持费成的态度。故选D。 Passage 2 Passage 3 体裁：说明文主题语境：人与社会一社会热点问题 体裁：说明文主题语境：人与社会 对“群体智慧”效应的研究 【语篇解读】文章主要介绍了让护理院的老人们照顾母鸡 【语篇解读】文章主要介绍了Francis Galton和Joaquin 以减少他们的孤独感的项目及其成效。 Navajas对“群体智慧”效应的研究。 l,D甸节理解题。【定位句】The project was dreamed up 1.B段落大意题。通读第二段内容可知，第二段主要介绍 by a local charity(慈善组织)to reduce loneliness and 了这种效应利用了这样一个事实：当人们犯错时，这些错 improve elderly people's wellbeing.(第二段第一句) 误并不总是相同的。有些人会高估，有些人会低估。当 译文：这个项目是由当地的一个悲善组织设想的，（旨在） 足够多的这些错误被一起平均时，它们就会相互燕消，从 减少（老人们的）孤独并提升老人们的幸福（感）。 而产生一个更准确的估计。如果人们相，并且领向于 根据定位句可知，这个项目的目的是提升老人们的幸福 犯同样的错误，那么他们的错误就不会相互抵消。从更 感。故选D。 142