阅读理解 主题语境1 1.生活与学习 题组4 -【高考密码】备战2025年高考英语2020-2024五年真题分类汇编

a 详解答案 4,C主旨大意题，【定位句】Perhaps your household won't Passage 4 entirely make the switch.but you may have some control 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了竞走这 over your own personal spaces to make the changes you 项运动的相关情况及其与跑步的不同之处， desire.(第四段最后一句) L.C细节理解题，由题干中的关缝词conditioned athletes 译文：也许你的家庭不会完全改变，但你可以控制自己的 可将解题信息定位至第二段，根据该段中的“But the 个人空间，来做出你想要的改变。 sport's rules require that a race walker's knees stay 通读全文尤其是定位句可知，文章主要讲述了作者在家 straight through most of the leg swing and one foot 庭中过上零浪费的生活方式的经历。故选C。 remain in contact(接a)with the ground at all times.”可 Passage 2 知，竞走运动的规则要求竟走者的膝关节在腿摆动时的 【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要介绍了父亲在 大部分时间里仲直，同时一只脚始终保持与地面接触。据此 子女教育方面的作用和重要性。 可知竟走者必须莲循一些特殊的运动规则，故C项正确。 L,A细节理解题。根据文章第一段的“Researchers from 2.D排理判断题。极据第五段中的“.，some of the injuries Brigham Young University discovered that fathers are in associated with running.such as runner's knee.are uncommon a unique position to help their adolescent children learn among race walkers.”可知，一些与跑步有美的损伤，如跑步 persistence,.”可推断，孩研究关注父亲在教育子女坚持方 者的膝盖（受伤），在党走者中并不常见。据此可知，竞是不 面的独特作用和地位。故选A。 太可能导致膝盖受伤，故D项正确。 2.D推理判断题。根据文章第四段的“Authoritative 3.A细节理解题。极据第五段中的“.anyone wishing to parenting...Rather,an authoritative parenting style try race walking should probably first consult a coach or includes some of the following characteristics:children experienced racer to learn proper technique.."可s知，Norberg feel warmth and love from their father:responsibility and 博士建议任何希望尝试竟走的人或许应该首先咨询下教练 the reasons behind rules are stressed,.."可推断，真正的 或有经验的竞走者，以学习正确的技巧，故A项正确 权成式父亲不是“独裁式的，而是给孩子讲规则，讲道理的。 4.B观点态度题。根据全文内容可知，作者提到了竞走这 此处特别要注意文章中的“the reasons behind rules are 项运动的好处，同时也指出它的一些危害，态度是客观 stressed'”与D项属于同义替换。故选D, 的，故B项正确。 3.A推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的“，.，that single 题组四 parents still may play a role in teaching the benefits of Passage 1 persistence,which is an avenue of future research..”可知， 体裁：书评主题语境：人与自我—健康的生活方式 未来的研究将会更多关注到单亲父母在教会孩子坚强的 数字极简主义 益处方面的作用。故选A。 【语篇解读】文章主要介绍了作者为提偈数字极简主义而 4,C标题判断题。根据文章第一段的“Researchers from 写了一本书，作者详细闻释了书中两个部分的主要内容并 Brigham Young University discovered that fathers are in 倡导人们采用数字极筒主义的方式生活。 a unique position to help their adolescent children learn 1.B细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The goal of this book persistence.”可知，本文主要国绕父亲的家教作用来展 is to make the case for digital minimalism”可知，这本书旨 开，提出父亲对孩子坚持的品质的培养有特别的影响。 在提倡数字极简主义的生活方式。make the case for表 故选C 示“为…陈述理由”，此处引申为“提倍”，“make the Passage 3 case for digital minimalism”与B项为同义转述。故选B. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，Dk“是一个出生在难民家 2,A词义猜用题。A项意为“打扫，清理”：B项意为“附加 庭里的黑人女孩，8岁时受母亲的影响意识到了知识的重要性， 物”：C项意为“登机手续办理处”：D项意为“接管”。根据 从此树立了梦想。高中化学课激起了地对科学的兴趣，增强了 第三段第二句“This process requires you to step away 她的自信心。通过梦力，地最终取得了成就。 from optional online activities for thirty days.”可知，这 L,D细节理解题。根据第三段中的“.she would say 个过程要求你远离在线可选活动30天。由此可推知：，画 differently,that her experiences shaped her and inspired 线词所在部分表示数字清理。因此，declutter应意为“简 her to be the driven,young scientist that she is today." 化或处理掉”，与A项意思相近。故选A。 知，她的经历激励着她成为今天这样一个有干劲的年轻 3.C细节理解题。根据题干关键词“the final chapter of 科学家，故D项正确 part one”将解题线索定位至第四段。A项意为“理论模 2,A细节理解题。根据第四段前两句可知，在Dka8岁时， 型”：B项意为“统计学方法”：C项意为“实际示例”：D项 地的母亲为养活全家，通过重返校园学习获得了一份工作， 意为“历史分析”。根据第四段内容可知，在第一部分的 这让Dek意识到教育可以登变命运，故A项正确 最后一章中作者将引导你执行自己的数字清理，并参考 3,B推理判断题。根据最后一段中Dek的告诚语（不要 其在2018年进行的一项实验，滚实验中有超过1600人 低估自己，不要告诉自己奖学金目标太高远，或这个计划 同意进行数宇清理。你将听到这些参与者的故事，并学 太有党争力，也不要告诉自己永远进不了这个学校》可推 习对他们行之有效的策略，以及你应该避免的他们遇到 知，地建议学生要有自信，故B项正确。 过的陷升。由此可知，第一都分的最后一章提供了实例 4,D写作意图题。本文主要讲述了黑人女孩努力奇斗最 故选C。 终成功的故事，由此可知，本文旨在告诉我们势力可以带 4.A推理判断题。根据第五段最后一句"You can view 来成功，故D项正确。 these practices as a toolbox meant to aid your efforts to 137 五年高考真题分类集训 英语 build a minimalist lifestyle that works for your particular 1.B推理判断题。根据文章第一段的“SILENCE in big circumstances..”可知，你可以把这些实践看作是一种工 black letters was on signs hung everywhere.If she thought 具箱，旨在帮助你建立一种量身而定的极简主义生活方 you were dressed improperly.she sent you straight back 式。由此可推知，作者在第二部分中提议读者按常使用 home to change your clothes..”和第三段的“Mrs 这些实浅工具。故选A, Calloway made her own rules about books.”可知，如果地 Passage 2 认为你衣着不得体，Calloway夫人会直接让你回家换衣 【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。重读一本你读过很多 服，而且地对于图书也有自己的规则，由此拉断地是一位 次的书，感觉就像和老朋友一起参加酒宴一样。重读的美妙之 要求很严格的人。故选B。 处在于，我们与作品的联系是建立在我们当前的精神状态之上 2.A短语理解题。根据文章第三段的“From the minute I 的，书未变，人在变，这就是重读如此丰富和富于变化之处。 reached our house.I started to read.I knew this was 1.D推理判断题。根据第二段前两句可知，作者认为重读 extreme happiness,knew it at the time,"和第四段的"My 的美炒之处在于我们与作品的联系基于我们目前的精神 mother shared this feeling of mine."可知，在这种氛国之 状态，作者年龄越大，就越觉得时光如飞。由此可推知， 中作者的阅读欲望得到了激发，并从中体会到了快乐，母 重诶以前读过的书能让你增进对自己的理解。因此答案 亲也有同样的感受。“this[eeling”指的就是“desire to 为D. read",故选A。 2,B细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Published in1964,it's 3.B文章出处题。文章介绍了作者读书的经历，因此文章 his classic memoir of 1920s Paris...an aging writer 出处应是“自传”。而guidehook表示“旅游指南”：news looking back on an ambitious yet simpler time,"可知，A report表示“新闻报道”；book review表示“书评”，都不符 Moveable Feast讲送了年迈的海明威回忆青年时代在已 合本文文体。故选B。 题组五 黎度过的日子，因此本题答案为B。 3.B词义猜测题。根据最后一段的第二句可知，作者认为，虽 Passage I 【语篇解读】本篇是一篇说明文，介绍英国人在英国烹饪 然金钱确实是美功而必要的，但重读作家的著作是读者能给 节目的影响下政变对烹饪的看法，并尝试新的烹任习惯。 予作家的最高奖励，因此画线词在此处指奖励 L.A细节理解随，根据第一段的“What comes into your mind 4,A推理判嘶题。根搭第三段中的“Another is Annie Dillard's Holy the Firm,her poetic 1975 ramble when you think of British food?Probably fish and chips.or a Sunday dinner of meat and two vegetables.But is British food about everything and nothing.The third book is Julio really so uninteresting？(当你想到英国食物时，你会想到什 Cortazar's Save Twilight:Seleeted Poems,because 么？你可能撼到的是炸鱼著条，或是一肉两菜的周日晚餐。 poetry..”可以推断作者喜爱诗歌。 但是，英国食物真的如此无趣吗？)”可知，提及英国食物，大 Passage 3 家往往只是想到炸鱼薯条和周日烤肉，所以人们通常会觉得 【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。经过多年对人性的观黎， 英国食物平平无奇。故选A。 作者认为有两个品质造成了有成就的人和平嘶的人之间的差 2.D推理判断题.根据第二段的“It'st小hanks to these TV 异一好奇心和不满足。作者通过讲事实、摆道理等方法来论 chefs rather than any advertising campaign that Britons 证自已的观点，并介绍了如何重获好奇心和不满足。 are turning away from meat-and-two-veg and ready-made 1.D写作意因题。作者在第一段抛出观点“人的好奇心和不 meals and becoming more adventurous in their cooking 满足造成了有成就的人和平庸的人之问的差异”，下文围绕 habits.(正是由于电视上的这些大厨，而不是凭借广告宣 孩观点展开，作者通过讲事实、摆道理等方法来论证自己的 传活动，英国人正在远离“一肉两莱”和速食餐，而变得更 观点，所以作者写第一段是为了提出论点。 加愿意探索新的某任习惯，)”和“It seems that TV 2.D推理判断题。根据题千中的Galileo可定位到第二 programmes have helped change what people think about 投。根据“I.ike Galileo,all the great names,,why?”可 cooking.(似乎电视节目帮助改变了人们对烹任的看法，)” 知像伽利略一样，历史上所有的杰出的名人都有好奇心，并 可知，英国的烹任节目能够改变英国人对烹饪的看法，尝试 不满足地追寻原周，由此可知，作者举彻伽利略的例子是为了 从传统的莫式饮食走出来，尝试新的烹饪习惯，由此推知英 告诉我们伟大出自持久的探索欲望。故D项正确。 国的烹饪节目具有很大的影响力。故选D。 3.B推理判断题。根据第四段内容可知，我们大多数人丧 3.D如节理解题。根搭第三段的“Almost one third say 失了童心，不再问问题，不再挑战习俗，只是随大流。所 they now use a wider variety of ingredients (than 以反向推断，我们要重新获得好奇心和不满足就应该培 they used to.and just under I in 4 say they now buy 养好奇的头脑。故B项正确。 better quality ingredients than before..(几乎三分之一的 4.C推理判斯题。根据第七段中的“You haven'tany 人表示他们现在使用的配料比以前更多，将近四分之一 special ability?..who get things done,.”可知，作者针对 的人表示他们现在购买的配料质量比以前更好。)”可知： 缺乏特殊才能、无时间的理由一一反驳，由此可知，缺少 三分之一左右的人，也就是33%左右的人，使用的配料北 天赋和时间不是不采取行动的理由。故C项正确。 以前更多。故选D 5.C标题判斯题。作者在文中提出好奇心和不满足对于 L.B推理判断题。根据第三段的最后一句“With an 成功的重要性，并介绍了如何重获好奇心和不满足。所 inereasing number of male chefs on TV,it's no longer 以C项“成就的秘诀”最适合作文章标题。 “uncool”for boys to like cooking.(随着电视上出现越来 Passage 4 越多男性册师，男孩子喜欢烹任不再是一件“不酷”的事 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了作者在 了。)”可知，接下朵，文章应该具休介绍电视上的男社厨 Calloway夫人的图书馆借书的经历。 师，从而与上文形成语义连貫。故选B。 138五年高考真题分类集训 英语 题组四 用时： 易错记录： Passage1(2023·新课标I卷·C篇) minimalist lifestyle that works for your particular The goal of this book is to make the case for circumstances. digital minimalism.including a detailed exploration of 1.What is the book aimed at? what it asks and why it works,and then to teach you A.Teaching critical thinking skills. how to adopt this philosophy if you decide it's right for B.Advocating a simple digital lifestyle. you. C.Solving philosophical problems. To do so,I divided the book into two parts.In part D.Promoting the use of a digital device. one,I describe the philosophical foundations of digital 2.What does the underlined word "declutter"in minimalism,starting with an examination of the forces paragraph 3 mean? that are making so many people's digital lives A.Clear-up. B.Add-on. increasingly intolerable,before moving on to a detailed C.Check-in. D.Take-over. discussion of the digital minimalism philosophy. 3.What is presented in the final chapter of Part one concludes by introducing my part one? suggested method for adopting this philosophy: A.Theoretical models. the digital declutter.This process requires you to B.Statistical methods. step away from optional online activities for thirty C.Practical examples. days.At the end of the thirty days,you will then D.Historical analyses. add back a small number of carefully chosen online 4.What does the author suggest readers do with activities that you believe will provide massive the practices offered in part two? benefits to the things you value. A.Use them as needed. In the final chapter of part one,I'll guide you B.Recommend them to friends. through carrying out your own digital declutter.In C.Evaluate their effects. doing so,I'll draw on an experiment I ran in 2018 D.Identify the ideas behind them. in which over 1,600 people agreed to perform a Passage2(2020·全国I卷·B篇) digital declutter.You'll hear these participants' Returning to a book you've read many times stories and learn what strategies worked well for can feel like drinks with an old friend.There's a them,and what traps they encountered that you welcome familiarity-but also sometimes a slight should avoid. suspicion that time has changed you both,and The second part of this book takes a closer thus the relationship.But books don't change, look at some ideas that will help you cultivate people do.And that's what makes the act of a sustainable digital minimalism lifestyle.In rereading so rich and transformative. these chapters,I examine issues such as the The beauty of rereading lies in the idea that importance of solitude (and the necessity of our bond with the work is based on our present cultivating high-quality leisure to replace the time mental register.It's true,the older I get,the more most now spent on mindless device use.Each I feel time has wings.But with reading,it's all chapter concludes with a collection of practices, about the present.It's about the now and what one which are designed to help you act on the big ideas contributes to the now,because reading is a give of the chapter.You can view these practices as a and take between author and reader.Each has to toolbox meant to aid your efforts to build a pull their own weight. -12 Part One阅读理解 There are three books I reread annually.The Passage3(2020·天津卷·D篇) first,which I take to reading every spring,is Ernest After years of observing human nature,I Hemingway's A Moveable Feast.Published in 1964, have decided that two qualities make the difference it's his classic memoir of 1920s Paris.The language between men of great achievement and men of is almost intoxicating(令人陶醉的)，an aging average performance-curiosity and discontent.I writer looking back on an ambitious yet simpler have never known an outstanding man who lacked time.Another is Annie Dillard's Holy the Firm, either.And I have never known an average man her poetic1975 ramble(随笔)about everything who had both.The two belong together. Together,these deep human urges(驱策力) and nothing.The third book is Julio Cortazar's count for much more than ambition.Galileo was Save Twilight:Selected Poems,because poetry. not merely ambitious when he dropped objects of And because Cortazar. varying weights from the Leaning Tower at Pisa While I tend to buy a lot of books.these three and timed their fall to the ground.Like Galileo,all were given to me as gifts,which might add to the the great names in history were curious and asked meaning I attach to them.But I imagine that, in discontent,“Why?Why？Why?" while money is indeed wonderful and necessary. Fortunately,curiosity and discontent don't rereading an author's work is the highest currency have to be learned.We are born with them and a reader can pay them.The best books are the ones need only recapture them. that open further as time passes.But remember, “The great man,.”said Mencius(孟子)，“is it's you that has to grow and read and reread in he who does not lose his child's heart.Yet most order to better understand your friends. of us do lose it.We stop asking questions.We stop challenging custom.We just follow the crowd.And 1.Why does the author like rereading? the crowd desires only the calm and restful A.It evaluates the writer-reader relationship. average.It encourages us to occupy our own little B.It's a window to a whole new world. corner,to avoid foolish leaps into the dark,to be C.It's a substitute for drinking with a friend. satisfied. D.It extends the understanding of oneself. Most of us meet new people,and new ideas, 2.What do we know about the book A Moveable with hesitation.But once having met and liked Feast? them,we think how terrible it would have been, A.It's a brief account of a trip. had we missed the chance.We will probably have B.It's about Hemingway's life as a young man. to force ourselves to waken our curiosity and C.It's a record of a historic event. discontent and keep them awake. D.It's about Hemingway's friends in Paris. How should you start?Modestly,so as not to 3.What does the underlined word“currency”in become discouraged.I think of one friend who paragraph 4 refer to couldn't arrange flowers to satisfy herself.She was A.Debt. B.Reward. curious about how the experts did it.Now she is one of the experts,writing books on flower C.Allowance. D.Face value. arrangement. 4.What can we infer about the author from the One way to begin is to answer your own text? excuses.You haven't any special ability?Most A.He loves poetry. people don't;there are only a few geniuses.You B.He's an editor. haven't any time?That's good,because it's always C.He's very ambitious. the people with no time who get things done. D.He teaches reading. Harriet Stowe,mother of six,wrote parts of 13 五年高考真题分类集训 英语 Uncle Tom's Cabin while cooking.You're too old? was willing:I would do anything to read. Remember that Thomas Costain was 57 when he My mother was not afraid of Mrs.Calloway. published his first novel,and that Grandma Moses She wished me to have my own library card to showed her first pictures when she was 78. check out books for myself.She took me in to However you start,remember there is no introduce me."Eudora is nine years old and has my better time to start than right now,for you'll permission to read any book she wants from the never be more alive than you are at this moment. shelves,children or adults,"Mother said. 1.In writing Paragraph 1,the author aims to Mrs.Calloway made her own rules about A.propose a definition books.You could not take back a book to the B.make a comparison library on the same day you'd taken it out;it made C.reach a conclusion D.present an argument no difference to her that you'd read every word in 2.What does the example of Galileo tell us? it and needed another to start.You could take out A.Trial and error leads to the finding of truth. two books at a time and two only.So two by two, B.Scientists tend to be curious and ambitious. I read library books as fast as I could go.rushing C.Creativity results from challenging authority. them home in the basket of my bicycle.From the D.Greatness comes from a lasting desire to explore. minute I reached our house,I started to read,I knew 3.What can you do to recapture curiosity and this was extreme happiness,knew it at the time. discontent? My mother shared this feeling of mine.Now, A.Observe the unknown around you. I think of her as reading so much of the time while B.Develop a questioning mind. doing something else.I remember her reading a C.Lead a life of adventure. magazine while taking the part of the Wolf in a D.Follow the fashion. game of“I,ittle Red Riding Hood”with my 4.What can we learn from Paragraphs 6 and 7 brother's two daughters.She'd just look up at the A.Gaining success helps you become an expert. B.The genius tends to get things done creatively. right time,long enough to answer-in character C.Lack of talent and time is no reason for taking "The better to eat you with,my dear,"and go no action. back to her place in the magazine article. D.You should remain modest when approaching 1.Which of the following best describes Mrs.Calloway? perfection. A.Quiet. B.Strict. 5.What could be the best title for the passage? C.Humorous. D.Considerate. A.Curious Minds Never Feel Contented 2.What do the underlined words "this feeling" B.Reflections on Human Nature refer to in the last paragraph? C.The Keys to Achievement A.Desire to read. D.Never Too Late to Learn B.Love for Mrs.Calloway. Passage4(2020·浙江1月卷·A篇) C.Interest in games. I never knew anyone who'd grown up in D.Fear of the library rules. Jackson without being afraid of Mrs.Calloway, 3.Where is the text probably from? our librarian.She ran Jackson's Carnegie Library A.A guidebook. absolutely by herself.SILENCE in big black letters was on signs hung everywhere.If she B.An autobiography. thought you were dressed improperly,she sent C.A news report. you straight back home to change your clothes.I D.A book review. 14