Unit 4 Epic engineering：A Getting Ready 课件 2024-2025学年沪外教版（2024）七年级英语下册

The railway itself is a world wonder. Work began in one thousand nine hundred and fifty eight, and IT took over fifty years to complete. Although IT was a difficult task, chinese engineers and workers did their best to overcome the chAllenges. Another chAllenge was to protect the plants, rivers and animals along the line. The shanghai I sea tang railway passes through kci and chung, places with many wild animals. The engineers built twenty five special passages just for animals. Now the animals can cross the railway without danger. One, listen and pay attention to the stressed words, mark stress, as in the following example example, building a safe track is a big chAllenge. One engineers have built passages for animals to cross. Two, it's important to protect the environment and animals. Three engineers invent ways and work hard to make these amazing wonders. Four brave workers face many chAllenges, such as terrible weather and heavy stones. Engineers invented box is a way to move both open downhill. To take a boat of help for the x, we need to drain the wall touch of the lock so that we can open the case and let the boat in. To do this, we open some small doors in the gates. These are called puddles. What's the coaches in the lock? We can close the gates and open the paddles at the top end of the lock. The grand puddles will let water back into the lock for an underground. Once the lock is full again, the top dates can be opened and the boat can continue its journey. Is building our ways hard? Yes, though it's a big chAllenge, it's fun to invent ways to help connect people in places. cool. How do trains cross mountains and rivers? We usually build bridges or tunnels. We also add wrongs to make the ground strong enough. It's not an easy go at all. Engineers invented box is a way to move both open downhill. To take a boat of help for the x, we need to drain the wall touch of the lock so that we can open the case and let the boat in. To do this, we open some small doors in the gates. These are called puddles. What's the box in the lock? We can close the gates and open the paddles at the top end of the lock. The grand puddles will let water back into the lock for an underground. Once the lock is full again, the top dates can be opened and the boat can continue its journey. Although there were epic chAllenges chinese engineers made history today, the chenghai c tank railway travels for one thousand nine hundred and fifty six kilometers across Green rivers, along snowy mountains, by blue lakes and through amazing deserts. IT is an epic road. Describing engineering works and chAllenges one. a railway is a road for trains to travel on. Two, a bridge is a building over a river or road. People or traffic can cross on IT. Three, a dam is a special wall across a river to stop the water. For a thrill ride is like a train that runs with lots of ups and downs in a park. Five canal is a long water passage created by people for boats to travel along. The biggest chAllenge was permafrost, a type of frozen ground that remains at or below zero degree integrated for at least two years. Most of the railway is built on IT. The ground can break easily if IT gets too warm, though the engineers were not familiar with this problem, they invented ways to solve IT. They built walls to block the sun. This could keep the ground colder and stronger. In some places, the railway is built above ground like long bridges. Also, the air in the high mountains is thin and the oxygen level is low. Passengers may feel sick. Engineers design trains that can give passengers more oxygen. The shanghai seat tank railway connect sea noon and lsa. The capital cities of shanghai and sea IT ended. He tones no railway history and set a new record for the world's highest railway. How did engineers deal with the chAllenges? Lets find out an epic road. The railway itself is a world wonder. Work began in one thousand nine hundred and fifty eight, and IT took over fifty years to complete. Although IT was a difficult task, chinese engineers and workers did their best to overcome the chAllenges. The biggest chAllenge was permafrost, a type of frozen ground that remains at or below zero degree centre grade for at least two years. Most of the railway is built on IT. The ground can break easily if IT gets too warm. Though the engineers were not familiar with this problem, they invented ways to solve IT. They built walls to block the sun. This could keep the ground colder and stronger. In some places, the railway is built above ground like long bridges. Another chAllenge was to protect the plants, rivers and animals. Along the line, the shanghai c. Tung ra passes through ki and chung places with many wild animals. The engineers built twenty five special passages just for animals. Now the animals can cross the railway without danger. Also, the air in the high mountains is thin and the oxygen level is low. Passengers may feel sick. Engineers design trains that can give passengers more oxygen. Although there were epic chAllenges chinese engineers made history today, the chenghai c tank railway travels for one thousand nine hundred and fifty six kilometers across Green rivers, along snowy mountains, by blue lakes and through amazing desserts. IT is an epic road. Great projects in china. Do you know about the grand canal in china? It's the longest and most famous canal in the world. People built IT a long time ago to help move things like rice and tea more easily. Building the grand canal was a huge project. First, people had to plan where IT should go by studying the land. Then they used special tools to dig big holes in the ground. Next, they built dams to control the rivers and bring water into the canal. To help boats go up and down. They made special lifts called locks and gates. They also built strong walls with stones and wood. Many people work together to build the grand. 英语 电子教案 七年级 下册 Objectives & Tasks Getting ready Reading and critical thinking Grammaring Listening, viewing and speaking Writing Project Self-assessment Key words & Cool things to know Contents Epic engineering 4 Unit Objectives & Tasks Getting ready Reading and critical thinking Grammaring Listening, viewing and speaking Writing Project Self-assessment Key words & Cool things to know Contents Objectives & Tasks Getting ready Reading and critical thinking Grammaring Listening, viewing and speaking Writing Project Self-assessment Key words & Cool things to know Contents can describe engineering works, the challenges of building them, and the solutions Objectives learn some words about engineering works and ways to overcome challenges practise sentence stress use although and though Tasks can get a deeper understanding of what epic engineering is read an article about the Qinghai–Xizang Railway listen to a radio programme about the Grand Canal study an example of clever engineering Objectives & Tasks can communicate on engineering works and ways to overcome challenges Objectives talk about the Grand Canal make a building plan based on a map Tasks can present an example of epic engineering by using an outline write a short description of Dujiangyan Objectives & Tasks Mini texts A1 A2 A3 A4 A A5 1 2 3 4 5 A railway is a road for trains to travel on. A bridge is a building over a river or road. People or traffic can cross on it. A dam is a special wall across a river to stop the water. A thrill ride is like a train that runs with lots of ups and downs in a park. A canal is a long water passage created by people, for boats to travel along. Read the definitions and match them with the pictures. Describing engineering works and challenges d c a f e across, along, over, and through Mini texts A1 A A2 A3 A4 A5 1 2 Building a thrill ride The biggest challenge is to make sure of its safety. Engineers have to design seat belts. They also think about how fast it goes, so that it’s fun but not too dangerous for people to take a ride. _ It’s not easy to complete. It needs lots of big rocks and earth, and it may hurt the animals and plants in the river, but it helps us take care of our water and gives us energy! Miss Ding is introducing engineering works to kids. Match the headings with the descriptions. Describing engineering works and challenges a c Building a bridge Building a dam Building a dam b d Building a railway Building a canal A1 A2 A Mini texts A3 A4 A5 3 4 _ The work can connect people and places, but building a safe track is a big challenge. Sometimes there are rivers and mountains in the way. It’s also important to protect the environment and animals. Engineers have built passages under the road for animals to cross. _ Engineers have to make sure it’s strong enough for cars and people to cross. They also need to choose the right material. Engineers work hard and create wonders, even though there are many challenges. Those examples of epic engineering are not just big; they often push people’s limits. They are a mix of creativity, science, and hard work! Describing engineering works and challenges Building a bridge Building a railway A1 A2 A Mini texts A3 A4 A5 The kid and the engineer are talking about building 1 _. Though it is a big 2 _, it is fun because engineers try to 3 _ ways to help 4 _ people and places. To cross mountains and rivers, they build 5 _ and tunnels. They also add rocks to make the ground strong enough. It’s not an easy job! Listen to a dialogue and complete the summary. Describing engineering works and challenges connect challenge railways bridges invent A3 A A1 Mini texts A4 A5 A2 The Great Wall of China, about 21,000 km long, is an example of epic 1 _. It took around 2,000 years to 2 _. Workers faced many 3 _, such as lifting heavy stones up hills. They invented clever ways and used special tools. Even today, engineers work hard to 4 _ the old Wall. Complete the passage with the words in the box. Describing engineering works and challenges complete challenges engineering protect complete challenges engineering protect engineering complete protect challenges A4 A A1 Mini texts A3 A5 A2 ? A D B E C F Work in pairs. Student A chooses a card and asks questions. Student B answers. Describing engineering works and challenges I’ve got Card A. What is a dam? A dam is a wall built to stop the river water. Is it hard to build? Why? Yes, it’s hard to build because engineers must choose a good location. A5 A A1 Mini texts A3 A2 A4 An epic road The Qinghai–Xizang Railway connects Xining and Lhasa, the capital cities of Qinghai and Xizang. It ended Xizang’s no-railway history and set a new record for the world’s highest railway. How did engineers deal with the challenges? Let’s find out. Text Word work Critical thinking Comprehension B1 B2 B3 1 2 3 B B4 B5 The railway itself is a world wonder. Work began in 1958, and it took over 50 years to complete. Although it was a difficult task, Chinese engineers and workers did their best to overcome the challenges. The biggest challenge was permafrost—a type of frozen ground that remains at or below 0 C for at least two years. Most of the railway is built on it. The ground can break easily if it gets too warm. Though the engineers were not familiar with this problem, they invented ways to solve it. They built walls to block the sun. This could keep the ground colder and stronger. In some places, the railway is built above ground, like long bridges. Another challenge was to protect the plants, rivers and animals along the line. The Qinghai–Xizang Railway passes through Kekexili and Qiangtang, places with many wild animals. The engineers built 25 special passages just for animals. Now the animals can cross the railway without danger. Text Word work Critical thinking Comprehension B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 1 2 3 B Also, the air in the high mountains is thin, and the oxygen (O2) level is low. Passengers may feel sick. Engineers designed trains that can give passengers more oxygen. Although there were epic challenges, Chinese engineers made history. Today, the Qinghai–Xizang Railway travels for 1,956 km across green rivers, along snowy mountains, by blue lakes, and through amazing deserts. It is an epic road. Text Word work Critical thinking Comprehension B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 1 2 3 B Tick where you can read the text. magazines novels cartoons dictionaries Text Word work Critical thinking Comprehension B1 B2 B3 1 2 3 B B4 B5 Read and find out the challenges and solutions. Challenges Solutions To solve the problem of permafrost, 1 _ _. 2 _ _. To 3 _ _, engineers built 25 special passages, like bridges, just for animals. To solve the problem of 4 _ _, 5 _ _. the engineers built walls to block the sun. This could keep the ground colder and stronger in some places, the railway is built above ground, like long bridges protect the plants, rivers and animals along the line low oxygen (O2) level the engineers designed trains that can give passengers more oxygen Text Word work Critical thinking Comprehension B1 B2 B3 1 2 3 B B4 B5 Answer the questions. Underline the key words in the text that support your answers. 1 2 What is permafrost and why is it a challenge for building railways? _ What can we see when we take the Qinghai–Xizang Railway? _ Subskill: Finding definitions Culture link Permafrost is a type of frozen ground that remains at or below 0 for at least two years. It is a challenge for building railways because the ground can break easily if it gets too warm. This will damage the railway built on it. We can see green rivers, snowy mountains, blue lakes, and amazing deserts. Text Word work Critical thinking Comprehension B1 B2 B3 1 2 3 B B4 B5 3 Why is the Qinghai–Xizang Railway called an “epic road”? _ (Answers may vary.) We call the Qinghai–Xizang Railway an “epic road” because it is an engineering wonder. Chinese engineers and workers overcame epic challenges of building the world’s highest railway. They made history. Besides, the railway passes through 1,956 km of epic landscapes, including snowy mountains, green rivers, blue lakes, and amazing deserts. Text Word work Critical thinking Comprehension B1 B2 B3 1 2 3 B B4 B5 Choose the correct answers. 1 2 3 4 5 If you connect two things, you _. a join them together b cut them into pieces Engineers can _. a build bridges b write stories Building a bridge _ the wide river is a challenge for the engineers. a over b along The hall is full of people. But there is another passage to _. a go through b read on Protect your eyes from the sun. _ your sunglasses. a Put on b Take off Text Word work Critical thinking Comprehension B1 B2 B3 B4 1 2 3 B B5 Do you know what a tunnel is? It is an underground 1 _ that goes through a hill or under a river. The Gotthard Base Tunnel is the world’s longest and deepest tunnel. It 2 _ Switzerland and Italy. It was a big 3 _ because it goes through the Alps. The 4 _ had to find out how to dig through the hard rock safely and 5 _ the environment. Now the tunnel helps to reduce traffic and keep the mountains beautiful. Complete the passage about the Gotthard Base Tunnel with the correct forms of the words from B4. engineers passage connects challenge protect Text Word work Critical thinking Comprehension B1 B2 B3 B5 1 2 3 B B4 Recall. What are some of the challenges that the engineers had to overcome in building the Qinghai–Xizang Railway? (Answers may vary.) Chinese engineers overcame many challenges in building the Qinghai–Xizang Railway. They solved the problems of permafrost, low oxygen level in the high mountains, and protected the plants, rivers and animals along the line. Text Word work Critical thinking Comprehension B1 B2 B3 1 2 3 B B4 B5 Evaluate. Think carefully about the challenges travellers may face when taking the Qinghai–Xizang Railway, such as low O2 levels, bad weather, and long journey. Find out reasons and possible solutions. EXAMPLE Challenge: Low O2 levels can make some passengers feel sick. Reasons: The Qinghai–Xizang Railway holds the record for being the highest railway in the world. It goes very high up in the mountains. The air there is thin and the O2 level is low. Possible solutions: Drink lots of water. Don’t jump or run. Take medicine. Text Word work Critical thinking Comprehension B1 B2 B3 1 2 3 B B4 B5 Create. Imagine your friend is planning a trip on the Qinghai–Xizang Railway. Write at least three tips for a great trip and explain why each tip is important. Tips Reasons Take some medicine. Low O2 levels can make some passengers feel sick. Take a camera. The view is beautiful. The Qinghai–Xizang Railway travels across green rivers, along snowy mountains, by blue lakes, and through amazing deserts. … … Text Word work Critical thinking Comprehension B1 B2 B3 1 2 3 B B4 B5 感谢观看 44564.566 22622.09 154390.92 39784.406 26383.809 18337.91 23980.488 14184.428 $$