Unit 1 Section Ⅳ Integrated skills-（课件PPT+Word教案）【步步高】2024-2025学年高二英语选择性必修第四册教师用书（译林版2020）

Section Ⅳ Integrated skills Unit 1 Honesty and responsibility Part 1　文本整体理解 Part 2　听力变式训练 Part 3　写作技法指导 整体理解 文本 3 1.What do we know about the dress? A.It was red. B.It was perfect for Anne. C.It took Anne’s grandma many hours to make. D.It was the most beautiful dress Anne had ever seen. √ 2.Why did Anne tell the lie? A.She always told lies. B.Her parents told her to do so. C.She wanted to protect herself. D.She wanted to make her grandma happy. √ 3.How did Grandma find out the truth? A.Anne told her. B.Anne’s mother told her. C.When passing Anne’s bedroom，she heard Anne speaking on the 　phone. D.When cleaning Anne’s bedroom，she saw the gift hidden under the bed 　instead of hanging in the closet. √ 4.How did Grandma feel when knowing the truth? A.Upset. B.Sympathetic. C.Rejoiced. D.Ashamed. √ 返 回 变式训练 听力 8 Ⅰ.选择填空(高考形式) Listen to the interview on P9 and choose the best answer. 1.What does John do? A.A university professor. B.A psychologist. C.A geophysicist. √ 2.What do we know about white lies? A.Only some people tell white lies occasionally. B.White lies are small lies you tell to protect yourself. C.Telling white lies has trouble as well as benefits. √ 3.What tone does the interviewer use when she says she is honest? A.Humorous. B.Serious. C.Guilty. √ Ⅱ.听力填空(精听训练) Listen to the interview on P9 again and fill in the blanks with the words you hear. Interviewer：Good evening to all our listeners.With me in the studio is John Lyons，a psychologist with a special interest in 1.________________. Welcome，John. John：Thank you. Interviewer：Perhaps you could start by explaining 2. . the truth and lies what white lies are John：OK，well...white lies are small lies you tell 3. . We all tell white lies 4. .For example，have you ever said you think certain food tastes nice，even when you think it is horrible? Interviewer：Um...yes. John：This is a white lie.We tell these kinds of lies to 5.____________________ _________.Last week，a friend asked me，“Do you like my new haircut？” Instead of saying what I really thought，I said，“Yes，it looks really lovely.” I didn’t want her to be upset，because I care about her.These kinds of white lies also help 6. because they protect the people who are important to us. to protect other people from time to time avoid hurting people’s feelings strengthen relationships Interviewer：Is telling white lies always a good thing to do? John：No.Although people tell white lies with good intentions，white lies are not without their problems.They may cause 7.___________________ ________________________ for the people being lied to.Suppose your friend is dressed too formally for an informal party but you tell her out of kindness that you think she looks perfect.She takes it seriously，goes to the party and realizes that she is dressed improperly.How embarrassed she would feel! Interviewer：So well-meaning lies may also 8. people. unexpected embarrassment or trouble cause harm to John：Exactly.What’s more，as with any lie，there’s always 9.________ that people being told a white lie will find out the truth.This could lead to 10. as they may start to wonder what other lies you have told them. Interviewer：Thank you，John.I’m being honest when I say that was very interesting. a risk a crisis of trust 返 回 技法指导 写作 16 写作要求是写一篇关于自己对善意的谎言的理解的议论文，属于正反观点类或观点对比类作文。文章要求通过讨论或剖析某种现象或事物来论述道理、发表意见或提出主张。陈述正反两方面观点时常用一般现在时，人称以第三人称为主。此类议论文常用三段式： 第一段：开门见山，引入话题； 第二段：列举正方和反方的观点及理由； 第三段：表明自己的观点。 1.Actually，the question about whether we should tell white lies in our daily life has always been under intense debate over these years. 事实上，关于我们是否应该在日常生活中说善意的谎言的问题，这些年来一直面临着激烈的争论。 2.In terms of white lies，they would not be bad as long as the original intention is good. 就善意的谎言而言，只要本意是好的，它们就不会是坏的。 常用表达 3.I think telling some white lies can prevent people from being embarrassed or injured. 我认为说一些善意的谎言可以防止人们感到尴尬或受伤。 4.People may feel betrayed when they know the truth eventually.And more seriously，it can ruin a precious relationship. 当人们最终知道真相时，他们可能会感到被背叛。更严重的是，它会毁掉一段珍贵的感情。 5.When we tell a white lie，we had better take into consideration what the occasion at that time is and what result it brings about. 当我们说善意的谎言时，我们最好考虑到当时是什么场合，以及它会带来什么结果。 6.So I hold the idea that it is necessary to tell white lies in some special situations. 所以我认为在一些特殊情况下说善意的谎言是必要的。 7.Telling the right lie at the right time is just as important as telling the truth. 在恰当的时间说善意的谎言和说实话同样重要。 假如你是李华，你校英文报为了庆祝创刊十周年，现正在进行征稿活动，请你以“White lies”为话题写一篇短文，向英文报投稿，内容包括： 1.解释什么是善意的谎言； 2.分析人们会说善意的谎言的原因； 3.对“善意的谎言总能带来好的结果”的观点提出质疑，并给出理由； 4.阐明你会不会说善意的谎言，并解释原因。 注意：可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 分布演练 第一步　审题谋篇 审题 写作要求是写一篇关于善意的谎言的文章，写作时应注意下面几点： 1.确定文体：这是一篇议论文。 2.主体时态：文章应以一般现在时为主。 3.主体人称：人称以第一、三人称为主。 谋篇 第一段：用举例形式给善意的谎言下定义； 第二段：分析人们说善意的谎言的原因； 第三段：对“善意的谎言总能带来好的结果”的观点提出质疑并给出理由； 第四段：阐明你会不会说善意的谎言并解释原因。 第二步　遣词造句 核心词汇(含本单元词汇) 1.指的是 _________ 2.糟糕的 _______ 3.避免 _______ 4.魔力 _____________ 5.温暖和鼓励 __________________________ 6.有助于 ______________ 7.令人沮丧的处境 _______________________ 8.感到被骗 _____________ refer to awful avoid magic power warmth and encouragement contribute to the depressing situation feel cheated 9.信任危机 _______________ 10.总之 _____________ 11.支持 ___________ 12.和谐的 ____________ a crisis of trust in conclusion in favor of harmonious 连词成句(含本单元句型) 1.善意的谎言指的是我们为了保护他人不被残忍的真相伤害而撒的小谎。 _______________________________ that we tell to protect others from the merciless truth. 2.我们告诉朋友他的新发型很酷，即使我们认为它很糟糕。 We tell a friend his new haircut is cool . 3.说善意的谎言不仅可以避免伤害别人的感情，而且它还有魔力，可以给人很多温暖和鼓励。 Telling a white lie can ，but also it has magic power to . White lies refer to the little lies even if we think it’s awful not only avoid hurting others’ feelings give people much warmth and encouragement 4.说善意的谎言有助于使别人不被我们的令人沮丧的处境影响。 Telling white lies by our depressing situation. 5.被欺骗的人可能会感到受骗和沮丧。 People being lied to may . 6.这可能会导致信任危机。 It may . 7.我赞成适当地说善意的谎言。 I am appropriately. contributes to keeping others from being affected feel cheated and depressed lead to a crisis of trust in favor of telling white lies 8.善意的谎言是无害和有用的，它们使这个世界成为一个更和谐的地方。 White lies are harmless and useful and they _________________________ __________________. make this world a more harmonious place 第三步　句式升级 1.把句3改写成not only位于句首的部分倒装句。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2.用which引导的非限制性定语从句改写句5和句6。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Not only can telling a white lie avoid hurting others’ feelings，but it also has magic power to give people much warmth and encouragement. People being lied to may feel cheated and depressed，which may lead to a crisis of trust. 3.用because引导的原因状语从句改写句7和句8。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I am in favor of telling white lies appropriately because white lies are harmless and useful and they make this world a more harmonious place. 第四步　组句成篇 用适当的过渡词语，把以上词汇和句式，再加上联想内容，组成一篇80个词左右的英语短文。 White lies refer to the little lies that we tell to protect others from the merciless truth.For example，we tell a friend his new haircut is cool even if we think it’s awful. It is true that not only can telling a white lie avoid hurting others’ feelings，but it also has magic power to give people much warmth and encouragement.Besides，telling white lies contributes to keeping others from being affected by our depressing situation. 参考范文 However，actually telling white lies also causes trouble.Sometimes people being lied to may feel cheated and depressed，which may lead to a crisis of trust. In conclusion，I am in favor of telling white lies appropriately because white lies are harmless and useful and they make this world a more harmonious place. 返 回 本课结束 $$ Section Ⅳ　Integrated skills 1．What do we know about the dress? A．It was red. B．It was perfect for Anne. C．It took Anne’s grandma many hours to make. D．It was the most beautiful dress Anne had ever seen. 答案　C 2．Why did Anne tell the lie? A．She always told lies. B．Her parents told her to do so. C．She wanted to protect herself. D．She wanted to make her grandma happy. 答案　D 3．How did Grandma find out the truth? A．Anne told her. B．Anne’s mother told her. C．When passing Anne’s bedroom，she heard Anne speaking on the phone. D．When cleaning Anne’s bedroom，she saw the gift hidden under the bed instead of hanging in the closet. 答案　C 4．How did Grandma feel when knowing the truth? A．Upset. B．Sympathetic. C．Rejoiced. D．Ashamed. 答案　A Ⅰ.选择填空(高考形式) Listen to the interview on P9 and choose the best answer. 1．What does John do? A．A university professor. B．A psychologist. C．A geophysicist. 答案　B 2．What do we know about white lies? A．Only some people tell white lies occasionally. B．White lies are small lies you tell to protect yourself. C．Telling white lies has trouble as well as benefits. 答案　C 3．What tone does the interviewer use when she says she is honest? A．Humorous. B．Serious. C．Guilty. 答案　A Ⅱ.听力填空(精听训练) Listen to the interview on P9 again and fill in the blanks with the words you hear. Interviewer：Good evening to all our listeners.With me in the studio is John Lyons，a psychologist with a special interest in 1.the truth and lies.Welcome，John. John：Thank you. Interviewer：Perhaps you could start by explaining 2.what white lies are. John：OK，well...white lies are small lies you tell 3.to protect other people.We all tell white lies 4.from time to time.For example，have you ever said you think certain food tastes nice，even when you think it is horrible? Interviewer：Um...yes. John：This is a white lie.We tell these kinds of lies to 5.avoid hurting people’s feelings.Last week，a friend asked me，“Do you like my new haircut？” Instead of saying what I really thought，I said，“Yes，it looks really lovely.” I didn’t want her to be upset，because I care about her.These kinds of white lies also help 6.strengthen relationships because they protect the people who are important to us. Interviewer：Is telling white lies always a good thing to do? John：No.Although people tell white lies with good intentions，white lies are not without their problems.They may cause 7.unexpected embarrassment or trouble for the people being lied to.Suppose your friend is dressed too formally for an informal party but you tell her out of kindness that you think she looks perfect.She takes it seriously，goes to the party and realizes that she is dressed improperly.How embarrassed she would feel! Interviewer：So well-meaning lies may also 8.cause harm to people. John：Exactly.What’s more，as with any lie，there’s always 9.a risk that people being told a white lie will find out the truth.This could lead to 10.a crisis of trust as they may start to wonder what other lies you have told them. Interviewer：Thank you，John.I’m being honest when I say that was very interesting. 写作要求是写一篇关于自己对善意的谎言的理解的议论文，属于正反观点类或观点对比类作文。文章要求通过讨论或剖析某种现象或事物来论述道理、发表意见或提出主张。陈述正反两方面观点时常用一般现在时，人称以第三人称为主。此类议论文常用三段式： 第一段：开门见山，引入话题； 第二段：列举正方和反方的观点及理由； 第三段：表明自己的观点。 1．Actually，the question about whether we should tell white lies in our daily life has always been under intense debate over these years. 事实上，关于我们是否应该在日常生活中说善意的谎言的问题，这些年来一直面临着激烈的争论。 2．In terms of white lies，they would not be bad as long as the original intention is good. 就善意的谎言而言，只要本意是好的，它们就不会是坏的。 3．I think telling some white lies can prevent people from being embarrassed or injured. 我认为说一些善意的谎言可以防止人们感到尴尬或受伤。 4．People may feel betrayed when they know the truth eventually.And more seriously，it can ruin a precious relationship. 当人们最终知道真相时，他们可能会感到被背叛。更严重的是，它会毁掉一段珍贵的感情。 5．When we tell a white lie，we had better take into consideration what the occasion at that time is and what result it brings about. 当我们说善意的谎言时，我们最好考虑到当时是什么场合，以及它会带来什么结果。 6．So I hold the idea that it is necessary to tell white lies in some special situations. 所以我认为在一些特殊情况下说善意的谎言是必要的。 7．Telling the right lie at the right time is just as important as telling the truth. 在恰当的时间说善意的谎言和说实话同样重要。 假如你是李华，你校英文报为了庆祝创刊十周年，现正在进行征稿活动，请你以“White lies”为话题写一篇短文，向英文报投稿，内容包括： 1．解释什么是善意的谎言； 2．分析人们会说善意的谎言的原因； 3．对“善意的谎言总能带来好的结果”的观点提出质疑，并给出理由； 4．阐明你会不会说善意的谎言，并解释原因。 注意：可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 第一步　审题谋篇 审题 写作要求是写一篇关于善意的谎言的文章，写作时应注意下面几点： 1．确定文体：这是一篇议论文。 2．主体时态：文章应以一般现在时为主。 3．主体人称：人称以第一、三人称为主。 谋篇 第一段：用举例形式给善意的谎言下定义； 第二段：分析人们说善意的谎言的原因； 第三段：对“善意的谎言总能带来好的结果”的观点提出质疑并给出理由； 第四段：阐明你会不会说善意的谎言并解释原因。 第二步　遣词造句 核心词汇(含本单元词汇) 1．指的是refer to 2．糟糕的awful 3．避免avoid 4．魔力magic power 5．温暖和鼓励warmth and encouragement 6．有助于contribute to 7．令人沮丧的处境the depressing situation 8．感到被骗feel cheated 9．信任危机a crisis of trust 10．总之in conclusion 11．支持in favor of 12．和谐的harmonious 连词成句(含本单元句型) 1．善意的谎言指的是我们为了保护他人不被残忍的真相伤害而撒的小谎。 White lies refer to the little lies that we tell to protect others from the merciless truth. 2．我们告诉朋友他的新发型很酷，即使我们认为它很糟糕。 We tell a friend his new haircut is cool even if we think it’s awful. 3．说善意的谎言不仅可以避免伤害别人的感情，而且它还有魔力，可以给人很多温暖和鼓励。 Telling a white lie can not only avoid hurting others’ feelings，but also it has magic power to give people much warmth and encouragement. 4．说善意的谎言有助于使别人不被我们的令人沮丧的处境影响。 Telling white lies contributes to keeping others from being affected by our depressing situation. 5．被欺骗的人可能会感到受骗和沮丧。 People being lied to may feel cheated and depressed. 6．这可能会导致信任危机。 It may lead to a crisis of trust. 7．我赞成适当地说善意的谎言。 I am in favor of telling white lies appropriately. 8．善意的谎言是无害和有用的，它们使这个世界成为一个更和谐的地方。 White lies are harmless and useful and they make this world a more harmonious place. 第三步　句式升级 1．把句3改写成not only位于句首的部分倒装句。 Not only can telling a white lie avoid hurting others’ feelings，but it also has magic power to give people much warmth and encouragement. 2．用which引导的非限制性定语从句改写句5和句6。 People being lied to may feel cheated and depressed，which may lead to a crisis of trust. 3．用because引导的原因状语从句改写句7和句8。 I am in favor of telling white lies appropriately because white lies are harmless and useful and they make this world a more harmonious place. 第四步　组句成篇 用适当的过渡词语，把以上词汇和句式，再加上联想内容，组成一篇80个词左右的英语短文。 参考范文 White lies refer to the little lies that we tell to protect others from the merciless truth.For example，we tell a friend his new haircut is cool even if we think it’s awful. It is true that not only can telling a white lie avoid hurting others’ feelings，but it also has magic power to give people much warmth and encouragement.Besides，telling white lies contributes to keeping others from being affected by our depressing situation. However，actually telling white lies also causes trouble.Sometimes people being lied to may feel cheated and depressed，which may lead to a crisis of trust. In conclusion，I am in favor of telling white lies appropriately because white lies are harmless and useful and they make this world a more harmonious place. 训练4　Integrated skills　[分值：40分] Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共10分) One of the basic expectations the public have of doctors is honesty.But what would you think if I told you that research has shown that 70 percent of doctors admitted to lying to their patients? This seems unimaginable but I have told lies to several patients whose spouses had died.Mrs Walton was in her eighties and desperate to see her husband.She’d been in hospital after a fall and was in pain.She called out for him frequently and couldn’t understand why he wasn’t there to comfort her.She was becoming more upset and would try to get up to find him，despite being at risk of falling again.“He’s on his way，don’t worry，” the nurses would say and this would calm her down.She’d smile and roll her eyes and say how he was always late for things and tell the same story about him being late for their wedding nearly 60 years ago. Part of the natural history of dementia(痴呆)，in particular Alzheimer’s disease which is what Mrs Walton had，is that the sufferer loses their memory of recent events，but retains memories from the distant past.Sufferers are trapped forever in a bewildering past.It is acutely upsetting and tormenting.Many of the behavioral difficulties that I have seen in those with dementia relate to them feeling scared and confused that they are surrounded by strange people，even when they are surrounded by their family，because they have regressed back to decades ago.They look at their adult children confused and wonder who they could be because they think their children are still toddlers. How does one deal with this? I have had countless families break down in tears in clinics，not knowing what to say or how to react as their loved one moves further and further away from them back into their distant past and they are left behind in the present.The lies that doctors and nurses tell these patients are not big，elaborate lies—they are brief reassurances intended to comfort and allow the subject to be swiftly changed.It is，when done in the right way，kind and compassionate.Sometimes，honesty is simply not the best policy. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过讲述沃尔顿夫人的故事告诉我们：出于善意和同情，医生可以对病人说谎。 1．Why would the nurses lie to Mrs Walton? A．To persuade her into taking medicine. B．To comfort her and change the subject. C．To stop her complaining about her husband. D．To bring her back to memories of old times. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段中“‘He’s on his way，don’t worry，’the nurses would say and this would calm her down.”和最后一段中“The lies that doctors and nurses tell these patients are not big，elaborate lies—they are brief reassurances intended to comfort and allow the subject to be swiftly changed.”可推知，护士们对沃尔顿夫人撒谎是为了安慰她，转移话题。故选B项。 2．What can we infer from the passage? A．Mrs Walton’s husband suffered from dementia. B．Mrs Walton’s husband did not want to visit her. C．Mrs Walton’s husband had died when she was in the hospital. D．Mrs Walton’s husband was on a business trip so he could not make it. 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段中“This seems unimaginable but I have told lies to several patients whose spouses had died.Mrs Walton was in her eighties and desperate to see her husband.”可推知，沃尔顿夫人的丈夫在她住院期间去世了。故选C项。 3．Which of the following has the closest meaning to the underlined word in paragraph 3? A．Confusing. B．Frightening. C．Regretful. D．Painful. 答案　D 解析　词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句及其前一句“Sufferers are trapped forever in a bewildering past.It is acutely upsetting and tormenting.”中“trapped forever in a bewildering past”和并列形容词“upsetting”可推知，画线词tormenting意为“痛苦的”，与painful同义。故选D项。 4．What’s the author’s attitude towards doctors’ telling lies to patients? A．Supportive. B．Neutral. C．Indifferent. D．Critical. 答案　A 解析　观点态度题。根据最后一段中“It is，when done in the right way，kind and compassionate.Sometimes，honesty is simply not the best policy.”可知，作者认为医生对病人说谎，只要使用恰当就有其积极意义，所以他对此持支持态度。故选A项。 Ⅱ.完形填空(每小题1分，共15分) 17-year-old Aarrav Anil，interested in robotics，has represented his country at more than 20 robotics competitions.Now，he has 1 a smart spoon that can help people with Parkinson’s disease preserve their 2 in dining. Aarrav didn’t do this to win awards or honor; his 3 for this spoon came from seeing his uncle who has such a disease 4 to feed himself.Food kept falling off the spoon and flowing out of his mouth，so someone has to 5 him.The youth decided to help his uncle. Not everything went 6 during the development.For example，he failed to 7 some special electronic parts in his country and had to import them from other countries.In the end，Aarrav made the first 8 successfully.But the handle was so slippery that it was 9 for his uncle.Now the original design has 10 a few changes.“I’ve been fine-tuning the version based on users’ feedback.It needs to be 11 so that it can be washed.And the spoon needs to be 12 to hold more food，” Aarrav said. While similar products have already 13 the market，their cost is too high for most people.Aarrav’s smart spoon can be a help in 14 the price.His hope is that everyone with Parkinson’s will have a 15 to use it to eat by themselves. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了17岁的Aarrav Anil见到叔叔患有帕金森氏症而无法独立进食，于是发明了一款可以帮助这类患者用餐的智能勺子。 1．A.discovered B．recommended C．invented D．advocated 答案　C 解析　根据第三段叙述的Aarrav对勺子的设计进行各种微调可知，他发明了这种智能勺子。故选C。 2．A.curiosity B．independence C．appetite D．strength 答案　B 解析　根据最后一段的“His hope is that everyone with Parkinson’s will have a to use it to eat by themselves.”可知，Aarrav希望患者可以用这种勺子自己吃饭，也就是帮助患者在用餐时保持独立。故选B。 3．A.admiration B．fancy C．motivation D．design 答案　C 解析　根据上文“Aarrav didn’t do this to win awards or honor”可知，此处是介绍Aarrav发明这种勺子的动机，他不是为了赢得奖励或荣誉，而是为了帮助自己的叔叔。故选C。 4．A.hesitating B．preferring C．refusing D．struggling 答案　D 解析　根据下文“Food kept falling off the spoon and flowing out of his mouth”可知，Aarrav的叔叔吃饭时，食物总是从勺子上掉下来，从他嘴里流出来，因此他是挣扎着喂自己吃饭。故选D。 5．A.nurse B．inspire C．persuade D．remind 答案　A 解析　根据上文“Food kept falling off the spoon and flowing out of his mouth”可知，Aarrav的叔叔吃饭很困难，因此必须有人照顾他。故选A。 6．A.precisely B．quickly C．separately D．smoothly 答案　D 解析　根据下文“For example，he failed to...”可知，Aarrav在发明的过程中遇到了一些困难，因此并非所有事情都进展顺利。故选D。 7．A.find B．identify C．upgrade D．reshape 答案　A 解析　根据下文“had to import them from other countries”可知，Aarrav不得不从其他国家进口特殊的电子零件，因此是在自己的国家没有找到这些零件。故选A。 8．A.exposure B．step C．model D．submission 答案　C 解析　根据下文“I’ve been fine-tuning the version based on users’ feedback.”可知，Aarrav一直在根据用户的反馈对发明出的第一版勺子进行微调，因此是制造了第一个模型。故选C。 9．A.unsuitable B．unequal C．unqualified D．unhealthy 答案　A 解析　根据上文“the handle was so slippery”可知，勺柄太滑了，因此是不适合患有帕金森氏症的叔叔。故选A。 10．A.taken in B．gone through C．made for D．turned down 答案　B 解析　根据下文“I’ve been fine-tuning the version based on users’ feedback.”可知，Aarrav一直在根据用户的反馈对发明出的第一版勺子进行微调，因此最初的设计是经历了一些修改。故选B。 11．A.drop-proof B．trouble-free C．water-resistant D．weather-beaten 答案　C 解析　根据下文“so that it can be washed”可知，这款勺子需要能被清洗，因此是需要防水。故选C。 12．A.thinner B．flatter C．firmer D．deeper 答案　D 解析　根据下文“to hold more food”可知，这款勺子需要能盛下更多的食物，因此是需要深一些。故选D。 13．A.cornered B．entered C．determined D．enriched 答案　B 解析　根据上文“similar products”和下文“the market，their cost is too high for most people”可推知，此处指类似的勺子已经进入市场，但存在价格太高的问题，从而衬托Aarrav的发明的优势。故选B。 14．A.setting B．negotiating C．assessing D．lowering 答案　D 解析　根据上文“their cost is too high for most people”可知，市场上类似产品的价格过高，而Aarrav的智能勺子可以帮助降低价格。故选D。 15．A.right B．chance C．mind D．desire 答案　B 解析　根据Aarrav发明出一款智能勺子以帮助帕金森氏症患者独立用餐并结合下文“to use it to eat by themselves”可推知，此处指他希望为这些患者提供自己吃饭的机会。故选B。 Ⅲ.应用文写作(共15分) 假定你是李华，今天你班同学就“是否应该对得了不治之症的病人说善意的谎言”的话题展开讨论，同学们意见不一致。请你根据以下要点写一篇文章： 1．支持说善意的谎言的同学的观点及理由； 2．反对说善意的谎言的同学的观点及理由； 3．你的观点。 注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考范文 If a patient is suffering from an incurable illness，should he or she be informed of the truth? Today our class have a discussion about it. Some students who are in favor of it insist that the patients should be informed of the truth of their illness，so that they can make proper decisions according to their health.Contrary to the above belief，some students hold the view that a white lie is acceptable.They worry that once told about their condition，patients may lose their hope，which will make the situation worse. In my view，whether people should tell a white lie or not depends on what kind of person the patient is.If the patient has a strong will to live and a positive attitude，telling him/her the truth will be helpful to the treatment.But if the patient is the opposite，we had better not do so. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$