Unit 1 Section Ⅰ Vocabulary-（课件PPT+Word教案）【步步高】2024-2025学年高二英语选择性必修第四册教师用书（外研版2019）

Section Ⅰ Vocabulary Looking forwards Unit 1 Part 1　基础词汇过关 Part 2　核心词汇突破 Part 3　高考热点微练 词汇过关 基础 3 1. n.(男性的)童年时期，少年时代 2. adv.最后，最终 3. n.点，小圆点 4. adv.往回，往前面 5. adj.许多的，很多的 6. n.可供选择的事物 7. n.进退两难的境地，困境 Ⅰ.写重点词汇 boyhood ultimately dot backwards numerous alternative dilemma 8. v.(由……)引起 9. n.情况，情形 10. n.(工厂、医院等轮班制中的)当班时间 11. 采取行动 12. 做出决定，拿定主意 13. 放过，放弃，错过(机会) 14. (对原先的决定)犹豫，产生怀疑 15. 推迟……，使……延期 16. 坚决拒绝……；彻底否决…… arise circumstance shift take action make up one’s mind pass up have second thoughts put off reject...out of hand 17. 仔细考虑，权衡 18. 谨上，敬上，谨启(用于以某人名字 开头的正式信件的末尾) 19. 发生在某人身上 20. 每天 21. 由……引起 22. 回顾，回忆 23. 处于合适的位置；就绪 weigh up yours sincerely come one’s way on a daily basis arise from look back (on) in place 1. n.追求，理想；雄心；野心 →ambitious adj.有雄心的；有抱负的；有野心的 2.correspondent n.通讯员，记者 → vi.符合，一致；通信 →corresponding adj.相应的；相关的 →correspondence n.通信；来往信件；相似 Ⅱ.悟拓展词汇 ambition correspond 3.trainee n.接受工作培训的人；实习生 →trainer n.运动鞋；教练员 → v.培训；训练 →training n.培训；训练 4.historical adj.(有关)历史的 → n.历史 →historic adj.历史上著名(或重要)的；有历史意义的 →historian n.历史学家 train history 5.detective n.私家侦探 → vt.发现；查明 6.admission n.录取；允许进入(加入) → v.承认；准许进入 7.participation n.参加，参与 → vi.参加；参与 →participant n.参与者；参加者 8. adj.复杂的 →complexity n.复杂性；难题 detect admit participate complex 9.commercial n.(电视或电台的)商业广告 →commercially adv.商业上 → n.商业 10.thoughtful adj.认真思考的，深思的 → n.思想；想法 11.symbolize v.象征，代表 → n.符号；象征 →symbolism n.象征主义，象征手法 commerce thought symbol 12.mixture n.混合；混合体；混合物 → v.混合 →mixed adj.混合的；混杂的；矛盾的 13.affection n.喜爱，钟爱；感情 → v.影响；侵袭 14.qualified adj.合格的，胜任的 →qualification n.资格；资历 → v.(使)有资格；(使)合格 →disqualify v.取消资格；使不合格 mix affect qualify 15.fluency n.熟练，流利 → adj.流利的 →fluently adv.流利地 16.sincerely adv.由衷地，真诚地，真心实意地 → adj.真诚的；诚挚的 →sincerity n.诚意；真挚 fluent sincere 1.Bullfighting is part of Spanish culture and history. 2.When we came near the point at which our ways diverged，I quickened my pace and passed her. 3.Trees and undergrowth intertwined(缠结)，blocking our way. Ⅲ.认阅读词汇 n.斗牛 v.(两条路)岔开，分开 n.下层灌木丛 4.Please recommend me some refreshments people like to have over the gathering. n.茶点，点心和饮料 返 回 词汇突破 核心 15 n.追求，理想(ambitious adj.有抱负的；有野心的) 1 ambition • achieve/realize one’s ambition实现某人的抱负 have an ambition to do sth有做某事的追求 • be ambitious to do sth/for sth渴望做某事/某物 (1)My brother is an (ambition) young lawyer full of enthusiasm and vitality. (2)A soldier who has no ambition (become) a general is not a good soldier. ambitious to become 写作佳句 (3)理查德是一个充满抱负的人，他童年时的志向是将来成为一名记者。经过多年的努力，他最终实现了他的抱负。 Richard is a man ，whose ________________ was to become a correspondent in the future.After years of hard work，he ultimately . full of ambition boyhood ambition achieved/realized his ambition • correspond to 相当于；与……相一致/相符 correspond with 与……通信；与……相一致 • in correspondence with 和……一致；与……有通信联系 n.通讯员，记者(correspond vi.符合，一致；通信；相当于 corresponding adj.相应的；相关的 correspondence n.通信；来往信件；相似) correspondent 2 (1)The translation of the historical novel does not quite correspond the original. (2)What the reported was not in with facts，for which he should take legal responsibility. (correspond) to/with correspondent correspondence corresponding (3)(应用文写作之建议信)如果你有其他问题，请随时与我通信。 If you have other questions，______________________________ . please feel free to correspond with 写作佳句 me be admitted into/to被……录取/接收 admit doing sth/having done sth承认做过某事 be admitted to be＋adj./n.被认为是…… n.允许进入(加入)；承认；录取；入场费(admit v.承认；允许……进入；接纳) admission 3 (1)The woman at the ticket window told me that the (admit) fee was $17.50. (2)Under this circumstance，this proposal is admitted (be) one of the best alternatives. (3)Ultimately，the naughty boy admitted (break) the precious vase. admission to be breaking/having broken (4)(应用文写作之祝贺信)得知你被梦想中的大学录取，我写信向你表示衷心的祝贺。 _______________________________________________________ ，I’m writing to offer my congratulations sincerely. 写作佳句 Learning that you have been admitted to/into your dream university an alternative to...……的替代品 have no alternative but to do sth别无选择只好做某事 n.可供选择的事物 adj.可供替代的；非传统的(alternatively adv.要不，或者) alternative 4 (1)The Internet also provides us with a cheap alternative to _________________ (communicate) with others face to face. (2)Under this circumstance，we could meet on Monday，or ___________ (alternative)，on Wednesday. communicating alternatively (3)面对当前形势，我们别无选择只能勇敢地接受挑战。 In face of the current situation，___________________________ . we have no alternative but to 写作佳句 bravely take up the challenge arise from/out of因……产生；由……引起 There arises/arose...出现……/产生…… v.(arose，arisen)(由……)引起；发生；产生；出现；起身 arise 5 (1)The woman (arise) from the seat，rushed to the door and gave her husband a big hug. (2)Numerous high buildings (arise) where there was nothing but ruins. arose have arisen (3)毫无疑问我们的大多数错误都是由粗心引起的。 There is no doubt that ___________________________________ . (4)由于他们造成的困境，出现了一系列不便。 because of the dilemma they caused. most of our mistakes arise from/out of 写作佳句 our being careless There arose a series of inconvenience if circumstances permit/allow如果情况允许的话 in/under the circumstances在这种情况下；既然如此 in/under no circumstances决不(置于句首时，句子需要部分倒装)(类似的短语还有in no case，at no time，by no means，in no way，on no account，on no condition等) n.情况，情形 circumstance 6 在任何情况下我都不会放弃成为著名作家的理想。因此，我每天读书、做笔记和写小说。如果情况允许的话，我将立即采取行动出版我的第一本书。 my ambition of becoming a famous writer. ，I read，take notes and write novels every day. ，I will take immediate action to make my first book published. In/Under no circumstances will I give up 写作佳句 In/Under the circumstances If circumstances permit • be qualified to do...有资格做…… be qualified for...胜任…… “胜任……”的其他表达：be fit for，be equal to • qualify sb for sth/to do sth使某人胜任…… adj.合格的，胜任的[qualify v.(使)具有资格；(使)合格；证明……合格 qualification n.资格；资历；合格；获得资格] qualified 7 (1)In conclusion，I firmly believe that I can be a (qualify) teaching assistant. (2)It is up to chairman to decide whether he is qualified (serve) on the board. (3)Please give me feedback at your earliest convenience if my ______________ (qualify) meets your requirements. qualified to serve qualification (4)(应用文写作之申请信)我的英语非常流利，我确信我完全胜任这份志愿工作。 With great fluency in English，I am convinced that __________ . 写作佳句 I am fully qualified for the voluntary job • change one’s mind改变主意 bear/keep...in mind(bear/keep in mind that...)将……记在心中 come into one’s mind进入某人的脑海 fix one’s mind on/upon...全神贯注于…… • mind one’s own business别管闲事 做出决定，拿定主意 make up one’s mind 8 (1)(话题写作之传统文化)首先，记住你最好按时或者比约定的时间早一些到达。 First of all， you had better arrive punctually or some time earlier than the appointed time. 写作佳句 bear/keep in mind that (2)(读后续写之恐惧心理描写)这个凶神恶煞的人冲我大吼道：“别管闲事！”突然，一个可怕的念头出现在我的脑海里，我感觉体内的血液迅速凝固了。 The fierce-looking man screamed at me，“_________________ ！” Suddenly，a terrible thought ________________ and I felt that the blood in my body froze rapidly. Mind your own business came into my mind put away把……收起来，放好；储存 put aside储存；暂时放下；忽视；不理睬 put forward提出(意见、建议等) put up with忍受，忍耐 put up张贴；搭建；留宿 put out熄灭；扑灭；关(灯) 使……延期；推迟…… put off 9 (1)The firefighters dashed off fire trucks and took action immediately to put the fire. (2)After putting all the toys，I made up my mind to take my children to a nearby amusement park. out away (3)(应用文写作之建议信)得知你难以忍受陌生的环境，我写信与你分享一些建议。首先，你最好放下你的负面情绪，积极参加课外活动。此外，永远不要把今天该做的事拖到明天。我真诚地希望你能采纳我提出的以上建议。 写作佳句 Learning that you have difficulty __________________________ ，I am writing to share with you some suggestions. Firstly，you’d better and actively participate in extra-curricular activities.Furthermore， .I sincerely hope that you can adopt the above suggestions _______ . 返 回 putting up with the unfamiliar surroundings put aside your negative emotions never put off what should be done today until tomorrow (that/ which) I have put forward 热点微练 高考 41 1.Don’t wait for me.I will be on the day shift. 2.For some kids，all you have to do is shift one element of their diet. 3.She asked whether you could help her shift some furniture in a gentle voice. Ⅰ.一词多义 A.n.值班　B.v.改变　C.v.挪动；转移 ____ ____ ____ A B C 4.They arose at sunrise to get an early start to the park. 5.In the past few years，several new industries have arisen in the town. 6.Seeing his mother return home，the boy arose from his chair immediately. 7.As is known to all，emotional or mental problems can arise from a physical cause. A.由……引起　B.起床　C.出现　D.起身 ____ ____ ____ ____ B C D A 1.Gates open at 10：30 am and admission is free. 2.It was very thoughtful of you to send the flowers. 3.A commercial is an advertisement that is broadcast on television or radio. 4.The ancient architecture complex was recognized as one of the nation’s major historical and cultural sites. Ⅱ.熟词生义 _________ __________ ___________ _________ n.入场费 adj.体贴的 n.商业广告 返 回 n.建筑群 本课结束 $$ Section Ⅰ　Vocabulary Ⅰ.写重点词汇 1．boyhood n．(男性的)童年时期，少年时代 2．ultimately adv.最后，最终 3．dot n．点，小圆点 4．backwards adv.往回，往前面 5．numerous adj.许多的，很多的 6．alternative n．可供选择的事物 7．dilemma n．进退两难的境地，困境 8．arise v．(由……)引起 9．circumstance n．情况，情形 10．shift n．(工厂、医院等轮班制中的)当班时间 11．take action 采取行动 12．make up one’s mind 做出决定，拿定主意 13．pass up放过，放弃，错过(机会) 14．have second thoughts(对原先的决定)犹豫，产生怀疑 15．put off推迟……，使……延期 16．reject...out of hand坚决拒绝……；彻底否决…… 17．weigh up仔细考虑，权衡 18．yours sincerely谨上，敬上，谨启(用于以某人名字开头的正式信件的末尾) 19．come one’s way发生在某人身上 20．on a daily basis每天 21．arise from由……引起 22．look back (on)回顾，回忆 23．in place处于合适的位置；就绪 Ⅱ.悟拓展词汇 1．ambition n．追求，理想；雄心；野心→ambitious adj.有雄心的；有抱负的；有野心的 2．correspondent n．通讯员，记者→correspond vi.符合，一致；通信→corresponding adj.相应的；相关的→correspondence n．通信；来往信件；相似 3．trainee n．接受工作培训的人；实习生→trainer n．运动鞋；教练员→train v．培训；训练→training n．培训；训练 4．historical adj.(有关)历史的→history n．历史→historic adj.历史上著名(或重要)的；有历史意义的→historian n．历史学家 5．detective n．私家侦探→detect vt.发现；查明 6．admission n．录取；允许进入(加入)→admit v．承认；准许进入 7．participation n．参加，参与→participate vi.参加；参与→participant n．参与者；参加者 8．complex adj.复杂的→complexity n．复杂性；难题 9．commercial n．(电视或电台的)商业广告→commercially adv.商业上→commerce n．商业 10．thoughtful adj.认真思考的，深思的→thought n．思想；想法 11．symbolize v．象征，代表→symbol n．符号；象征→symbolism n．象征主义，象征手法 12．mixture n．混合；混合体；混合物→mix v．混合→mixed adj.混合的；混杂的；矛盾的 13．affection n．喜爱，钟爱；感情→affect v．影响；侵袭 14．qualified adj.合格的，胜任的→qualification n．资格；资历→qualify v．(使)有资格；(使)合格→disqualify v．取消资格；使不合格 15．fluency n．熟练，流利→fluent adj.流利的→fluently adv.流利地 16．sincerely adv.由衷地，真诚地，真心实意地→sincere adj.真诚的；诚挚的→sincerity n．诚意；真挚 Ⅲ.认阅读词汇 1．Bullfighting is part of Spanish culture and history.n.斗牛 2．When we came near the point at which our ways diverged，I quickened my pace and passed her.v.(两条路)岔开，分开 3．Trees and undergrowth intertwined(缠结)，blocking our way.n.下层灌木丛 4．Please recommend me some refreshments people like to have over the gathering.n.茶点，点心和饮料 ambition n．追求，理想(ambitious adj.有抱负的；有野心的) •achieve/realize one’s ambition实现某人的抱负 have an ambition to do sth有做某事的追求 •be ambitious to do sth/for sth渴望做某事/某物 (1)My brother is an ambitious(ambition) young lawyer full of enthusiasm and vitality. (2)A soldier who has no ambition to become(become) a general is not a good soldier. [写作佳句] (3)理查德是一个充满抱负的人，他童年时的志向是将来成为一名记者。经过多年的努力，他最终实现了他的抱负。 Richard is a man full of ambition，whose boyhood ambition was to become a correspondent in the future.After years of hard work，he ultimately achieved/realized his ambition. correspondent n．通讯员，记者(correspond vi.符合，一致；通信；相当于 corresponding adj.相应的；相关的 correspondence n．通信；来往信件；相似) •correspond to 相当于；与……相一致/相符 correspond with 与……通信；与……相一致 •in correspondence with 和……一致；与……有通信联系 (1)The translation of the historical novel does not quite correspond to/with the original. (2)What the correspondent reported was not in correspondence with facts，for which he should take corresponding legal responsibility.(correspond) [写作佳句] (3)(应用文写作之建议信)如果你有其他问题，请随时与我通信。 If you have other questions，please feel free to correspond with me. admission n．允许进入(加入)；承认；录取；入场费(admit v．承认；允许……进入；接纳) be admitted into/to被……录取/接收 admit doing sth/having done sth承认做过某事 be admitted to be＋adj./n.被认为是…… (1)The woman at the ticket window told me that the admission(admit) fee was $17.50. (2)Under this circumstance，this proposal is admitted to be(be) one of the best alternatives. (3)Ultimately，the naughty boy admitted breaking/having broken(break) the precious vase. [写作佳句] (4)(应用文写作之祝贺信)得知你被梦想中的大学录取，我写信向你表示衷心的祝贺。 Learning that you have been admitted to/into your dream university，I’m writing to offer my congratulations sincerely. alternative n．可供选择的事物 adj.可供替代的；非传统的(alternatively adv.要不，或者) an alternative to...……的替代品 have no alternative but to do sth别无选择只好做某事 (1)The Internet also provides us with a cheap alternative to communicating(communicate) with others face to face. (2)Under this circumstance，we could meet on Monday，or alternatively(alternative)，on Wednesday. [写作佳句] (3)面对当前形势，我们别无选择只能勇敢地接受挑战。 In face of the current situation，we have no alternative but to bravely take up the challenge. arise v．(arose，arisen)(由……)引起；发生；产生；出现；起身 arise from/out of因……产生；由……引起 There arises/arose...出现……/产生…… (1)The woman arose(arise) from the seat，rushed to the door and gave her husband a big hug. (2)Numerous high buildings have arisen(arise) where there was nothing but ruins. [写作佳句] (3)毫无疑问我们的大多数错误都是由粗心引起的。 There is no doubt that most of our mistakes arise from/out of our being careless. (4)由于他们造成的困境，出现了一系列不便。 There arose a series of inconvenience because of the dilemma they caused. circumstance n．情况，情形 if circumstances permit/allow如果情况允许的话 in/under the circumstances在这种情况下；既然如此 in/under no circumstances决不(置于句首时，句子需要部分倒装)(类似的短语还有in no case，at no time，by no means，in no way，on no account，on no condition等) [写作佳句] 在任何情况下我都不会放弃成为著名作家的理想。因此，我每天读书、做笔记和写小说。如果情况允许的话，我将立即采取行动出版我的第一本书。 In/Under no circumstances will I give up my ambition of becoming a famous writer.In/Under the circumstances，I read，take notes and write novels every day.If circumstances permit，I will take immediate action to make my first book published. qualified adj.合格的，胜任的[qualify v．(使)具有资格；(使)合格；证明……合格 qualification n．资格；资历；合格；获得资格] •be qualified to do...有资格做…… be qualified for...胜任…… “胜任……”的其他表达：be fit for，be equal to •qualify sb for sth/to do sth使某人胜任…… (1)In conclusion，I firmly believe that I can be a qualified(qualify) teaching assistant. (2)It is up to chairman to decide whether he is qualified to serve(serve) on the board. (3)Please give me feedback at your earliest convenience if my qualification(qualify) meets your requirements. [写作佳句] (4)(应用文写作之申请信)我的英语非常流利，我确信我完全胜任这份志愿工作。 With great fluency in English，I am convinced that I am fully qualified for the voluntary job. make up one’s mind 做出决定，拿定主意 •change one’s mind改变主意 bear/keep...in mind(bear/keep in mind that...)将……记在心中 come into one’s mind进入某人的脑海 fix one’s mind on/upon...全神贯注于…… •mind one’s own business别管闲事 [写作佳句] (1)(话题写作之传统文化)首先，记住你最好按时或者比约定的时间早一些到达。 First of all，bear/keep in mind that you had better arrive punctually or some time earlier than the appointed time. (2)(读后续写之恐惧心理描写)这个凶神恶煞的人冲我大吼道：“别管闲事！”突然，一个可怕的念头出现在我的脑海里，我感觉体内的血液迅速凝固了。 The fierce-looking man screamed at me，“Mind your own business！” Suddenly，a terrible thought came into my mind and I felt that the blood in my body froze rapidly. put off 使……延期；推迟…… put away把……收起来，放好；储存 put aside储存；暂时放下；忽视；不理睬 put forward提出(意见、建议等) put up with忍受，忍耐 put up张贴；搭建；留宿 put out熄灭；扑灭；关(灯) (1)The firefighters dashed off fire trucks and took action immediately to put out the fire. (2)After putting away all the toys，I made up my mind to take my children to a nearby amusement park. [写作佳句] (3)(应用文写作之建议信)得知你难以忍受陌生的环境，我写信与你分享一些建议。首先，你最好放下你的负面情绪，积极参加课外活动。此外，永远不要把今天该做的事拖到明天。我真诚地希望你能采纳我提出的以上建议。 Learning that you have difficulty putting up with the unfamiliar surroundings，I am writing to share with you some suggestions.Firstly，you’d better put aside your negative emotions and actively participate in extra-curricular activities.Furthermore，never put off what should be done today until tomorrow.I sincerely hope that you can adopt the above suggestions (that/which) I have put forward. 高考热点微练 Ⅰ.一词多义 A．n.值班　B．v.改变　C．v.挪动；转移 1．Don’t wait for me.I will be on the day shift. A 2．For some kids，all you have to do is shift one element of their diet. B 3．She asked whether you could help her shift some furniture in a gentle voice. C A．由……引起　B．起床　C．出现　D．起身 4．They arose at sunrise to get an early start to the park. B 5．In the past few years，several new industries have arisen in the town. C 6．Seeing his mother return home，the boy arose from his chair immediately. D 7．As is known to all，emotional or mental problems can arise from a physical cause. A Ⅱ.熟词生义 1．Gates open at 10：30 am and admission is free.n.入场费 2．It was very thoughtful of you to send the flowers.adj.体贴的 3．A commercial is an advertisement that is broadcast on television or radio.n.商业广告 4．The ancient architecture complex was recognized as one of the nation’s major historical and cultural sites.n.建筑群 训练1　Vocabulary　[分值：70分] Ⅰ.单词拼写(每小题1分，共10分) 1．It is said that they have been good friends ever since their boyhood. 2．His affection(喜爱) for table tennis originates from his father’s influence. 3．Hardly had I solved the problem when a new one arose，leaving me in a dilemma. 4．Under no circumstances will I abandon my dream to be a qualified football player. 5．With her work finished，she rocked backwards and forwards on her chair with ease. 6．Every day we are surrounded with numerous(许多的)commercials，which is really a bother. 7．The jet planes flew over the sky and soon became little dots(点) in the distance. 8．You can be paid in cash weekly or by cheque monthly; those are the two alternatives. 9．We find the new trainee easy to get along with，thoughtful(认真思考的) and considerate. 10．As far as I know，one of his greatest ambitions(理想) is to be admitted into a key university. Ⅱ.单句语法填空 (每小题1.5分，共15分) 1．We listened to the news with a mixture(mix) of surprise and horror. 2．You should weigh up the consequences before making this decision. 3．He was qualified(qualify) and no one questioned his competence as a doctor. 4．So，from now on，let’s avoid wasting water and take action to save(save) water. 5．I’m writing to express our congratulations on your admission sincerely(sincere)． 6．The correspondent is writing a historical(history) report about eighteenth-century Spain. 7．The grassland is just like a blanket dotted(dot) with numerous small and colorful flowers. 8．There is no doubt that more practice will make you speak English with greater fluency(fluent)． 9．Ultimately(ultimate)，2,000 lanterns were sent up to the sky，symbolizing people’s best wishes. 10．Ever since boyhood，he has been an ambitious(ambition) person who always has firm goals. Ⅲ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共17.5分) A (2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) HABITAT RESTORATION TEAM Help restore and protect Marin’s natural areas from the Marin Headlands to Bolinas Ridge.We’ll explore beautiful park sites while conducting invasive(侵入的) plant removal，winter planting，and seed collection.Habitat Restoration Team volunteers play a vital role in restoring sensitive resources and protecting endangered species across the ridges and valleys. GROUPS Groups of five or more require special arrangements and must be confirmed in advance.Please review the List of Available Projects and fill out the Group Project Request Form. AGE，SKILLS，WHAT TO BRING Volunteers aged 10 and over are welcome.Read our Youth Policy Guidelines for youth under the age of 15. Bring your completed Volunteer Agreement Form.Volunteers under the age of 18 must have the parent/guardian approval section signed. We’ll be working rain or shine.Wear clothes that can get dirty.Bring layers for changing weather and a raincoat if necessary. Bring a personal water bottle，sunscreen，and lunch. No experience necessary.Training and tools will be provided.Fulfills(满足) community service requirements. UPCOMING EVENTS Time Meeting Location Sunday，Jan.15　10：00 am—1：00 pm Battery Alexander Trailhead Sunday，Jan.22　10：00 am—2：30 pm Stinson Beach Parking Lot Sunday，Jan.29　9：30 am—2：30 pm Coyote Ridge Trailhead 语篇解读　本文是一篇应用文，较易。文章主要介绍了一个生物栖息地修复小组的工作内容以及志愿者招募的相关信息与该小组的近期活动。 1．What is the aim of the Habitat Restoration Team? A．To discover mineral resources. B．To develop new wildlife parks. C．To protect the local ecosystem. D．To conduct biological research. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“Help restore and protect Marin’s natural areas from the Marin Headlands to Bolinas Ridge.”和第三句“Habitat Restoration Team volunteers play a vital role in restoring sensitive resources and protecting endangered species across the ridges and valleys.”可知，栖息地修复小组的目的是保护当地生态系统。故选C。 2．What is the lower age limit for joining the Habitat Restoration Team? A．5. B．10. C．15. D．18. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据AGE，SKILLS，WHAT TO BRING部分中的“Volunteers aged 10 and over are welcome.”可知，参加栖息地恢复小组的最低年龄限制是10岁。故选B。 3．What are the volunteers expected to do? A．Bring their own tools. B．Work even in bad weather. C．Wear a team uniform. D．Do at least three projects. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据AGE，SKILLS，WHAT TO BRING部分中的“We’ll be working rain or shine.”可知，身为该小组的志愿者，即使天气不好也要工作。故选B。 B Dreaming appears to have little connection to work.However，new research shows that when dreams are first recalled，people often draw connections between their dreams and waking lives，and the connections they draw alter how they think，feel and act at work. The team performed the studies that collectively captured approximately 5,000 morning reports of dream recall among full-time employees.The researchers issued morning field study，a single-day morning-to-afternoon study，and a two-week experience sampling study. “An awe-inspiring dream is highly impactful and memorable，often involving extraordinary experiences or interactions.For example，we arrive at work shortly after interacting with deceased(逝去的) loved ones，narrowly escaping or performing arts of immeasurable ability，” Belinda，the chief of the study，said.“Regardless of our personal beliefs about dreams，these experiences bleed into and affect our waking lives，including how productive we are at work.” Say you recall an awe-inspiring dream in the morning，and，then later in the afternoon，your boss tells you to conduct 10 more interviews than you were expecting to do.You might now think that it’s not that big a deal because your awe-inspiring dream just put everything into perspective.You have a greater realization that there’s a bigger world out there and you’re just part of it or that you’re connected to everything. “So，get a good night’s sleep for waking wonder！” Belinda added.Studies show that dreams occur in all stages of sleep and are impactful regardless of sleep habits.However，the most vivid dreams—those most likely to have meaning and create waking wander—occur during REM sleep.Because REM sleep takes place late in a given sleep cycle，getting sufficient，high-quality sleep will help you get the most out of your dreams.Sleep tracking devices can indicate when and how much time you spend in REM sleep，which help improve sleep schedules to increase the chance of having awe-inspiring dreams.For both managers and employees，how much or how well people slept really means a lot，which can increase productivity at work. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了梦境对工作的影响。研究表明，当人们回忆起梦境时，会将其与清醒时的生活联系起来，而这些联系会影响他们在工作中的思考、感受和行为方式。因此，获得充足、高质量的睡眠有助于人们更好地利用梦境，从而提高工作效率。 4．What is paragraph 2 intended to explain? A．Why a dream is recorded. B．How the study is conducted. C．What the study revealed. D．Who joined in the research. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，第二段主要解释了研究是如何进行的。故选B项。 5．Which is an awe-inspiring dream according to paragraphs 3 and 4? A．Failing a tough test. B．Meeting with strangers. C．Being stuck in a traffic accident. D．Saving people like a superman. 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据第三段中“An awe-inspiring dream is highly impactful and memorable，often involving extraordinary experiences or interactions.For example...immeasurable ability”可知，令人惊叹的梦常常是非凡的经历或互动。结合选项，“像超人一样救人”并不是日常生活中可能出现的场景，展示了非凡的经历。故选D项。 6．What does Belinda recommend in the last paragraph? A．Productive sleep. B．Sleep-tracking study. C．Good REM sleep. D．Healthy living habits. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段中Belinda说的话“So，get a good night’s sleep for waking wonder！”和“For both managers and employees，how much or how well people slept really means a lot，which can increase productivity at work.”可知，Belinda推荐富有成效的睡眠。故选A项。 7．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Dreams impact all sleep stages. B．Dreams can be channeled for productivity. C．Dreams contribute to one’s mental health. D．Dreams are attracting greater attention worldwide. 答案　B 解析　主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段和最后一段中“For both managers and employees，how much or how well people slept really means a lot，which can increase productivity at work.”可推知，文章用研究来说明当人们回忆起梦境时，会将其与清醒时的生活联系起来，而这些联系会影响他们在工作中的思考、感受和行为方式。因此，获得充足、高质量的睡眠有助于人们更好地利用梦境，从而提高工作效率。因此“梦可以用于提高工作效率”是文章的主要内容。故选B项。 Ⅳ.七选五(每小题2.5分，共12.5分) Matilda Browne (1869－1947) was a successful artist in the early 20th century.Unfortunately，few people know her name or her art today. Matilda Browne showed promising artistic talent early in her life.Growing up in Newark，New Jersey，she got an introduction to art by watching her neighbor，painter Thomas Moran.Her parents supported their budding young artist. 1 And it paid off.Matilda Browne participated in her first major exhibition when she was just twelve years old. Browne loved to paint animals，especially cows and other animals. 2 Her bold brushwork gave her paintings a live appearance.Her style is best described as Impressionism. Matilda Browne quickly became a respected and successful artist.Her list of honours opened doors that would have been otherwise inaccessible for a female artist of her time.As an adult，she moved to Connecticut，where she painted in Old Lyme. 3 She even had the honour of painting a door of their workshop.Some sources say that her good sense of humor helped her fit in with the boys，while others claim that her seriousness is what won them over. 4 Browne was a successful artist throughout her life.She won numerous awards and exhibited in many important shows.However，very few people know about her today.This is a more common story for female artists than one might think.So，why has Browne faded into being unknown? 5 She was American，while books about American Impressionists tend to focus on the male artists. A．She was the only woman accepted into the male artists’ circle there. B．It was her artistic style that hadn’t aroused people’s interest. C．Her impressive skill brought her under everyone’s notice. D．She also painted many flowers in colorful garden landscapes. E．It could result from her double minority—in gender and nationality. F．Her mother took her to Europe for training while she was quite young. G．Either way，her great skill as a painter made these other artists take notice. 语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了美国印象派画家马蒂尔达·布朗的个人经历、成就以及她默默无名的原因。 1．答案　F 解析　根据上文“Matilda Browne showed promising artistic talent early in her life...Her parents supported their budding young artist.”以及下文“And it paid off.Matilda Browne participated in her first major exhibition when she was just twelve years old.”可知，本段讲述了马蒂尔达·布朗小时候接受的画画方面的启蒙及支持，空处旨在说明下文中的it指代的内容。F选项符合语境，故选F。 2．答案　D 解析　根据上文“Browne loved to paint animals，especially cows and other animals.”可知，这一段介绍她的绘画风格。从D选项中的“also”可知，D项中“在五颜六色的园林风景画中画花”是她风格中的另一个方面。故D选项符合语境，故选D。 3．答案　A 解析　下文“She even had the honour of painting a door of their workshop...while others claim that her seriousness is what won them over.”提到她的幽默感帮助她与男孩们打成一片，说明她被男性艺术家的圈子接纳了，故A选项符合语境，故选A。 4．答案　G 解析　根据上文“Some sources say that her good sense of humor helped her fit in with the boys，while others claim that her seriousness is what won them over.”可知，人们对马蒂尔达·布朗被接纳进入男性艺术家圈子进行两方面原因的猜测，空处为本段最后一句，进行总结：但无论猜测如何，真正使她获得关注的是她的才华。故G选项符合语境，故选G。 5．答案　E 解析　根据上文“So，why has Browne faded into being unknown？”以及下文“She was American，while books about American Impressionists tend to focus on the male artists.”可知，空处和后一句都是在分析马蒂尔达·布朗从那个时代的闻名到如今的默默无名的原因。故E选项符合语境，故选E。 Ⅴ.语法填空(每小题1.5，共15分) Career planning does not 1. (necessary) follow routine or logical steps.Each of us places weight on different factors and may consider certain phases of career planning at different times.Career planning includes 2. (gather) information about ourselves and about 3._____________ (occupy)，estimating the probable outcomes，and eventually，choosing alternatives that we find attractive. Many observers have pointed out that students are not efficient career planners.There 4._________(exist) convincing evidence that most students choose from among a very narrow group of choices.Young people show a striking lack of interest in sales and service,5. these fields offer more opportunities.Actually，the best coping behavior is vigilance(警醒)，which occurs when people believe that a choice is supposed to 6. (make)，and they can seek a solution.7. these circumstances，students can conduct 8. effective search，carefully evaluate each alternative and work out plans.Moreover，having your own strengths 9. (study) and writing down your goals turn out to be helpful when faced with difficulties.Nobody can foresee 10. the future holds for any of us，but the most important lesson is that progress comes with planning. 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了学生的职业规划。职业规划不一定要遵循常规或逻辑步骤，最好的应对行为是保持警惕，仔细评估每个选择，并制定计划。 1．答案　necessarily 解析　考查副词。修饰谓语动词does not follow应用副词作状语。故填necessarily。 2．答案　gathering 解析　考查动名词。分析可知此处应用动名词作includes的宾语。故填gathering。 3．答案　occupations 解析　考查名词。根据介词about可知此处应用名词作宾语，occupation是可数名词，且由about ourselves and可知要用复数。故填occupations。 4．答案　exists 解析　考查时态和主谓一致。There be/exist...句式采用就近原则，根据名词evidence可知此处谓语动词应用单数形式，由同位语从句的谓语动词choose可知此处时态也是一般现在时。故填exists。 5．答案　although/though 解析　考查状语从句。根据句意和句子结构可知，此处需要连词，表示“尽管；虽然”，应用although/though引导让步状语从句。故填although/though。 6．答案　be made 解析　考查语态。根据is supposed to可知此处应用动词原形，a choice和make之间是被动关系，可知此处应用被动语态。故填be made。 7．答案　Under/In 解析　考查介词。根据名词these circumstances可知此处应用介词under或in，表示“在这些情况下”，位于句首，应大写首字母。故填Under/In。 8．答案　an 解析　考查冠词。search为可数名词，此处表泛指，应用不定冠词，且空后effective的发音是以元音音素开头，因此要用不定冠词an。故填an。 9．答案　studied 解析　考查过去分词。分析可知，此处应用非谓语动词作宾补，study和逻辑主语your own strengths之间是被动关系，应用过去分词。故填studied。 10．答案　what 解析　考查宾语从句。分析句子可知，空处引导宾语从句，作can foresee的宾语，且从句中缺少宾语，意为“什么”，应用连接代词what。故填what。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$