Unit 6 Section Ⅰ Vocabulary-（课件PPT+Word教案）【步步高】2024-2025学年高二英语选择性必修第三册教师用书（外研版2019）

Section Ⅰ Vocabulary Nature in words UNIT 6 Part 1　基础词汇过关 Part 2　核心词汇突破 Part 3　高考热点微练 词汇过关 基础 3 1. v.坚称，坚决认为 2. n.刮胡子 3. v.(使)发红 4. adv.微弱地；模糊地 5. n.闪耀，闪光 6. n.开阔的景观，景色 7. n.刺眼的强光 8. n.小薄片 9. n.教堂 Ⅰ.写重点词汇 insist shaving flush faintly sparkle prospect glare flake church 10. n.儿歌，童谣 11. n.鹅 12. n.羽毛 13. v.开花 14. v.逐渐消失；褪色 15. n.小麦 16. v.堆放，摞起 17. v.吹过；掠过 18. v.禁止，取缔 rhyme goose feather bloom fade wheat pile sweep ban 19. n.后院 20. v.颤抖，发抖 21. n.合唱曲 22. n.鸽子 23. n.寓言 24. v.提醒，使(某人)意识到 25. adv.故意地 26. number一打；许多 27. adj.仔细的；缜密的 backyard tremble chorus dove fable alert knowingly dozen thorough 28. adj.精确的；一丝不苟的 29. n.推出，发起 30. adj.海洋的 31. n.名誉，名望 32. n.钻石 33. (日期或有规律的事)再度发生，再次出现； 拜访；苏醒 34. 坚守，信守(原有的决定、承诺或宣言等)； 袖手旁观；支持 precise launch marine reputation diamond come round/around stand by 1.weekly adj.一周一次的，每周的 → n.星期；一周 2.inspector n.检查员，巡视员 → v.检查，巡视 →inspection n.检查；查看；视察 3.secrecy n.保密，秘密状态 → n.秘密 adj.秘密的；保密的 →secretly adv.秘密地；暗暗 Ⅱ.悟拓展词汇 week inspect secret 4. v.排列，布置 →disposal n.处理；清除 →disposable adj.一次性的 5. v.变弯曲 →bent adj.弯曲的 6. adj.天真无邪的 →innocence n.天真无邪；无辜 7. v.改进；增强 →enhancement n.增强；提高 dispose bend innocent enhance 8. n.魅力，魔力 →charming adj.迷人的 9. adj.轻柔的；温和的 →gently adv.轻柔地；温和地 10.puzzled adj.困惑的，无法理解的 → n.谜；疑问 v.迷惑；使困惑 →puzzling adj.令人迷惑的 charm gentle puzzle 11.elegance n.优美；简洁 → adj.优美的，优雅的；简洁的 →elegantly adv.优雅地 12.passionate adj.具有强烈信念的 → n.强烈情感；激情 elegant passion 1.When he returned to his home town，plums in the orchard had reddened. 2.A cluster of weeds growing in the marsh was waving in the bleak wind. 3.The forest throbbing with birdsong，he was fishing near a moribund tree. Ⅲ.认阅读词汇 n.李子；梅子　n.果园　v.变红 n.串，丛，簇　n.沼泽，湿地　adj.阴冷的；阴郁的 v.生机勃勃　adj.垂死的，奄奄一息的 4.All crops reaped，large wagons loaded with all kinds of produce rushed between the town and farms. 5.The living room was tinged with yellow by light that filtered in through the curtains. 6.Many artists in history，such as Van Gogh，only received posthumous recognition. 返 回 v.收割(庄稼)　n.四轮运货车 v.着淡色于…… adj.死后获得的 词汇突破 核心 14 v.坚称，坚决认为 1 • insist on/upon doing 坚持做；坚决做 • insist表示“坚持认为；坚持说”时，从句用陈述语气；表示“坚决主 张；坚持要求”时，从句要用虚拟语气，即从句的谓语动词用 “should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。 insist (1)Difficult as the problem is，the man insists seeking solutions to it himself. (2)The police officer insisted that the shop assistant ___________________ (withdraw) much money from the company’s bank account illegally and that he (punish). on/upon had withdrawn (should) be punished (3)老师坚决要求我们充分利用每一分钟为高考做好准备。 The teacher insisted that we _______________________________ ____________________________the college entrance examination. 写作佳句 (should) make full use of every minute to get well prepared for v.排列，布置；使倾向于，使易于(disposal n.去掉；清除；处理 disposed adj.倾向于；乐意 disposable adj.一次性的；用完即丢弃的) 2 dispose • dispose of除掉；处理；销毁 • at one’s disposal由某人自行支配 • be disposed to do sth愿意做某事 (1)Much to my joy，all the lucky money was at my (dispose). (2)In order to protect the environment，we should try not to use (dispose) bags. (3)The suspect was arrested accidentally，without the chance to dispose the evidence. disposal disposable of (4)他坚持主张，我们应该立即寻求解决方法来处理这个紧迫的问题。 He insisted that we should immediately seek solutions to________ ____________________. (5)由于有太多的工作要完成，我今晚不想参加他的生日聚会。 With too much work to finish，_____________________________ ____________________. 写作佳句 disposing of the urgent problem I am not disposed to attend his birthday party tonight • glare at怒视，指由于愤怒而瞪着 • stare at凝视，盯着看，指由于好奇、无理、傲慢而睁大眼睛凝望、 盯着或瞪着看 • glance at瞥一眼，指匆忙地看一眼 • gaze at聚精会神地看；目不转睛地看 n.刺眼的强光 v.怒目而视；发出刺眼的光 glare 3 (1)用上述短语的适当形式填空 ①The young man the cottage where he once lived and then departed. ②An old man me when I was trying to pick up his mulberries. ③She stood herself in the mirror with pride and confidence. glanced at glared at gazing at (2)人们在等公交车时盯着手机看已经成为一种普遍现象。 It has become a universal phenomenon that __________________ ________________________________. 写作佳句 people stare/gaze at their phones while waiting for buses • a ban on...对……的禁令 put/impose/enforce a ban on...颁布/实施对……的禁令 • ban sb from doing sth禁止某人做某事 近义短语：prohibit/forbid sb from doing sth禁止某人做某事 forbid sb to do sth禁止某人做某事 vt.禁止，取缔 n.禁令 ban 4 (1)Fortunately，whales are protected by an international ban whaling. (2)It is demanded that citizens under 18 should be banned driving cars. (3) (ban) from the hotel since 2001，Burchill is now welcome to come back，the Fairmont said. on from Banned (4)(2022·浙江6月，应用文写作)为了创造更干净的自习室环境，禁止每个人乱扔垃圾。 To create cleaner surroundings in the self-study room，________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________. 写作佳句 everyone is banned/forbidden/prohibited from littering everywhere/ everyone is forbidden to litter everywhere • be puzzled about...对……迷惑不解 • puzzle over sth苦苦思索某事；仔细琢磨某事 • a puzzle to sb一件让某人感到困惑的事情 adj.困惑的，无法理解的[puzzle v. 迷惑，(使)困惑 n. 智力游戏；不解之谜；疑问 puzzling adj.令人迷惑的] puzzled 5 (1)My son，who is interested in all kinds of ，now wears a look when faced with such a challenge.(puzzle) puzzles puzzled puzzling (2)我对如何增强人们的环保意识感到困惑。 ① how to enhance people’s awareness of environmental protection.(puzzle n.) ② how to enhance people’s awareness of environmental protection.(puzzle v.) ③ how to enhance people’s awareness of environmental protection.(puzzled adj.) 写作佳句 It is a puzzle to me What puzzles me is I am puzzled about • alert sb to sth使某人意识到/注意到某事 • be alert to意识到；注意到 • on the alert for防备 ……；密切注视 v.提醒，使(某人)意识到 adj.警觉的；警惕的；意识到；注意到 n.警戒；警报 alert 6 (1)A poster campaign was launched last week to alert people the disease. (2)The deer are always staying alert the surrounding danger which will happen at any time. to to (3)由于缺乏安全感，这个年轻女孩对她周围的一切都保持警惕。 For lack of security，the young girl is _______________________ ___________. 写作佳句 on the alert for everything around her stand for代表，象征；主张，支持 stand out突出；显眼；杰出 stand against靠……站立；反对，抵抗 stand up for维护，替……说话 stand on one’s own (two) feet自立；不依靠他人 坚守，信守(原有的决定、承诺或宣言等)；袖手旁观；支持 stand by 7 (1)写出下列句子中stand by的汉语意思 ①Real friends are those who can always stand by us through thick and thin. ②The physician promised to stand by every word he said. ③How can you stand by and see the architect accused of something he didn’t do？ ____ __________ ________ 支持 信守，坚守 袖手旁观 (2)用stand相关短语的正确形式填空 My close friend Cathy is a gifted girl who in both academic performance and sports field.She is always for me and never when I am in trouble.Last week，I presented her with a Chinese knot，which friendship，love and good luck. stands out standing up stands by stands for (3)对于很多人来说，教养的目标在于帮助孩子们自力更生。 To many people，the goal of parenting is ____________________ ____________________. 写作佳句 to help children stand on their own (two) feet 返 回 热点微练 高考 36 1.Obviously，there is no immediate prospect of peace. 2.The prospect of becoming a father filled him with excitement. 3.At 25，he was an unemployed musician with no prospects. 4.The other day，we enjoyed a delightful prospect of the lake. Ⅰ.一词多义 ____ ____ ____ ____ D A C B A.设想　B.可能性；希望　C.前途；前景　D.风景；景色 5.(2023·新课标Ⅰ)The Idler was launched by Tom Hodgkinson，back in 1993. 6.It is confirmed that China will launch more spacecraft to the moon in the following year. 7.The police have launched an investigation into the case，which has resulted in great concerns nationwide. 8.After the launch of the products，they have won high praise from customers for their convenient and high-efficient superior properties. ____ ____ ____ ____ B A C A.v.发射(卫星等)　B.v.创办；发行　C.v.发动，发起(运动，战役等)　D.n.(新产品)投入市场 D 1.These sunglasses designed to reduce glare sell well the moment they are released. 2.Sometimes we bend the truth a little in order to spare them the pain of the real facts. 3.He rushed to greet her，sweeping his arms wide. 4.The local economy has been blooming since the new mayor came into power. Ⅱ.熟词生义 _________ __________ ___________________ ______________ 刺眼的光 歪曲(事实) 挥动，舞动(手、臂等) 返 回 繁荣；蓬勃发展 本课结束 $$ Section Ⅰ　Vocabulary Ⅰ.写重点词汇 1．insist v．坚称，坚决认为 2．shaving n．刮胡子 3．flush v．(使)发红 4．faintly adv.微弱地；模糊地 5．sparkle n．闪耀，闪光 6．prospect n．开阔的景观，景色 7．glare n．刺眼的强光 8．flake n．小薄片 9．church n．教堂 10．rhyme n．儿歌，童谣 11．goose n．鹅 12．feather n．羽毛 13．bloom v．开花 14．fade v．逐渐消失；褪色 15．wheat n．小麦 16．pile v．堆放，摞起 17．sweep v．吹过；掠过 18．ban v．禁止，取缔 19．backyard n．后院 20．tremble v．颤抖，发抖 21．chorus n．合唱曲 22．dove n．鸽子 23．fable n．寓言 24．alert v．提醒，使(某人)意识到 25．knowingly adv.故意地 26．dozen number一打；许多 27．thorough adj.仔细的；缜密的 28．precise adj.精确的；一丝不苟的 29．launch n．推出，发起 30．marine adj.海洋的 31．reputation n．名誉，名望 32．diamond n．钻石 33．come round/around (日期或有规律的事)再度发生，再次出现；拜访；苏醒 34．stand by坚守，信守(原有的决定、承诺或宣言等)；袖手旁观；支持 Ⅱ.悟拓展词汇 1．weekly adj.一周一次的，每周的→week n．星期；一周 2．inspector n．检查员，巡视员→inspect v．检查，巡视→inspection n．检查；查看；视察 3．secrecy n．保密，秘密状态→secret n．秘密 adj.秘密的；保密的→secretly adv.秘密地；暗暗 4．dispose v．排列，布置→disposal n．处理；清除→disposable adj.一次性的 5．bend v．变弯曲→bent adj.弯曲的 6．innocent adj.天真无邪的→innocence n．天真无邪；无辜 7．enhance v．改进；增强→enhancement n．增强；提高 8．charm n．魅力，魔力→charming adj.迷人的 9．gentle adj.轻柔的；温和的→gently adv.轻柔地；温和地 10．puzzled adj.困惑的，无法理解的→puzzle n．谜；疑问 v．迷惑；使困惑→puzzling adj.令人迷惑的 11．elegance n．优美；简洁→elegant adj.优美的，优雅的；简洁的→elegantly adv.优雅地 12．passionate adj.具有强烈信念的→passion n．强烈情感；激情 Ⅲ.认阅读词汇 1．When he returned to his home town，plums in the orchard had reddened.n.李子；梅子　n．果园　v．变红 2．A cluster of weeds growing in the marsh was waving in the bleak wind.n.串，丛，簇　n．沼泽，湿地　adj.阴冷的；阴郁的 3．The forest throbbing with birdsong，he was fishing near a moribund tree.v.生机勃勃　adj.垂死的，奄奄一息的 4．All crops reaped，large wagons loaded with all kinds of produce rushed between the town and farms.v.收割(庄稼)　 n．四轮运货车 5．The living room was tinged with yellow by light that filtered in through the curtains.v.着淡色于…… 6．Many artists in history，such as Van Gogh，only received posthumous recognition. adj.死后获得的 insist v．坚称，坚决认为 •insist on/upon doing 坚持做；坚决做 •insist表示“坚持认为；坚持说”时，从句用陈述语气；表示“坚决主张；坚持要求”时，从句要用虚拟语气，即从句的谓语动词用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。 (1)Difficult as the problem is，the man insists on/upon seeking solutions to it himself. (2)The police officer insisted that the shop assistant had withdrawn(withdraw) much money from the company’s bank account illegally and that he (should) be punished(punish)． [写作佳句] (3)老师坚决要求我们充分利用每一分钟为高考做好准备。 The teacher insisted that we (should) make full use of every minute to get well prepared for the college entrance examination. dispose v．排列，布置；使倾向于，使易于(disposal n．去掉；清除；处理 disposed adj.倾向于；乐意 disposable adj.一次性的；用完即丢弃的) •dispose of除掉；处理；销毁 •at one’s disposal由某人自行支配 •be disposed to do sth愿意做某事 (1)Much to my joy，all the lucky money was at my disposal(dispose)． (2)In order to protect the environment，we should try not to use disposable(dispose) bags. (3)The suspect was arrested accidentally，without the chance to dispose of the evidence. [写作佳句] (4)他坚持主张，我们应该立即寻求解决方法来处理这个紧迫的问题。 He insisted that we should immediately seek solutions to disposing of the urgent problem. (5)由于有太多的工作要完成，我今晚不想参加他的生日聚会。 With too much work to finish，I am not disposed to attend his birthday party tonight. glare n．刺眼的强光 v．怒目而视；发出刺眼的光 •glare at怒视，指由于愤怒而瞪着 •stare at凝视，盯着看，指由于好奇、无理、傲慢而睁大眼睛凝望、盯着或瞪着看 •glance at瞥一眼，指匆忙地看一眼 •gaze at聚精会神地看；目不转睛地看 (1)用上述短语的适当形式填空 ①The young man glanced at the cottage where he once lived and then departed. ②An old man glared at me when I was trying to pick up his mulberries. ③She stood gazing at herself in the mirror with pride and confidence. [写作佳句] (2)人们在等公交车时盯着手机看已经成为一种普遍现象。 It has become a universal phenomenon that people stare/gaze at their phones while waiting for buses. ban vt.禁止，取缔 n．禁令 •a ban on...对……的禁令 put/impose/enforce a ban on...颁布/实施对……的禁令 •ban sb from doing sth禁止某人做某事 近义短语：prohibit/forbid sb from doing sth禁止某人做某事 forbid sb to do sth禁止某人做某事 (1)Fortunately，whales are protected by an international ban on whaling. (2)It is demanded that citizens under 18 should be banned from driving cars. (3)Banned(ban) from the hotel since 2001，Burchill is now welcome to come back，the Fairmont said. [写作佳句] (4)(2022·浙江6月，应用文写作)为了创造更干净的自习室环境，禁止每个人乱扔垃圾。 To create cleaner surroundings in the self-study room，everyone is banned/forbidden/prohibited from littering everywhere/everyone is forbidden to litter everywhere. puzzled adj.困惑的，无法理解的[puzzle v. 迷惑，(使)困惑 n. 智力游戏；不解之谜；疑问 puzzling adj.令人迷惑的] •be puzzled about...对……迷惑不解 •puzzle over sth苦苦思索某事；仔细琢磨某事 •a puzzle to sb一件让某人感到困惑的事情 (1)My son，who is interested in all kinds of puzzles，now wears a puzzled look when faced with such a puzzling challenge.(puzzle) [写作佳句] (2)我对如何增强人们的环保意识感到困惑。 ①It is a puzzle to me how to enhance people’s awareness of environmental protection.(puzzle n．) ②What puzzles me is how to enhance people’s awareness of environmental protection.(puzzle v．) ③I am puzzled about how to enhance people’s awareness of environmental protection.(puzzled adj.) alert v．提醒，使(某人)意识到 adj.警觉的；警惕的；意识到；注意到 n．警戒；警报 •alert sb to sth使某人意识到/注意到某事 •be alert to意识到；注意到 •on the alert for防备 ……；密切注视 (1)A poster campaign was launched last week to alert people to the disease. (2)The deer are always staying alert to the surrounding danger which will happen at any time. [写作佳句] (3)由于缺乏安全感，这个年轻女孩对她周围的一切都保持警惕。 For lack of security，the young girl is on the alert for everything around her. stand by 坚守，信守(原有的决定、承诺或宣言等)；袖手旁观；支持 stand for代表，象征；主张，支持 stand out突出；显眼；杰出 stand against靠……站立；反对，抵抗 stand up for维护，替……说话 stand on one’s own (two) feet自立；不依靠他人 (1)写出下列句子中stand by的汉语意思 ①Real friends are those who can always stand by us through thick and thin.支持 ②The physician promised to stand by every word he said.信守，坚守 ③How can you stand by and see the architect accused of something he didn’t do？袖手旁观 (2)用stand相关短语的正确形式填空 My close friend Cathy is a gifted girl who stands out in both academic performance and sports field.She is always standing up for me and never stands by when I am in trouble.Last week，I presented her with a Chinese knot，which stands for friendship，love and good luck. [写作佳句] (3)对于很多人来说，教养的目标在于帮助孩子们自力更生。 To many people，the goal of parenting is to help children stand on their own (two) feet. 高考热点微练 Ⅰ.一词多义 A．设想　B．可能性；希望　C．前途；前景　D．风景；景色 1．Obviously，there is no immediate prospect of peace. B 2．The prospect of becoming a father filled him with excitement. A 3．At 25，he was an unemployed musician with no prospects. C 4．The other day，we enjoyed a delightful prospect of the lake. D A．v.发射(卫星等)　B．v.创办；发行　C．v.发动，发起(运动，战役等)　D．n.(新产品)投入市场 5．(2023·新课标Ⅰ)The Idler was launched by Tom Hodgkinson，back in 1993. B 6．It is confirmed that China will launch more spacecraft to the moon in the following year. A 7．The police have launched an investigation into the case，which has resulted in great concerns nationwide. C 8．After the launch of the products，they have won high praise from customers for their convenient and high-efficient superior properties. D Ⅱ.熟词生义 1．These sunglasses designed to reduce glare sell well the moment they are released.刺眼的光 2．Sometimes we bend the truth a little in order to spare them the pain of the real facts.歪曲(事实) 3．He rushed to greet her，sweeping his arms wide.挥动，舞动(手、臂等) 4．The local economy has been blooming since the new mayor came into power.繁荣；蓬勃发展 训练1　Vocabulary　[分值：72.5分] Ⅰ.单词拼写(共10小题；每小题1分，共10分) 1．The little girl bent down to pick up the paper flakes on the ground as soon as her mom entered the room. 2．I went off and the sound of the chorus faded away in the distance. 3．I am confident that you will have a promising career prospect(前景)． 4．The boy insisted that he was innocent and that he didn’t steal the money. 5．It was his love and dedication to art that won him great reputation in the field. 6．Young though he was，he could memorize many rhymes precisely(准确地)． 7．We will launch a campaign to appeal to people to pay attention to marine pollution. 8．Dozens of volunteers have been assigned to dispose of the garbage since last week. 9．Customers are banned(禁止) from bringing pets to the shopping mall. 10．The gift itself may be as light as a goose feather; but sent from afar，it conveys deep feelings. Ⅱ.单句语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分) 1．The little girl cupped her hands and held the bird gently(gentle)． 2．The use of disposable(dispose) chopsticks has been debated for years. 3．You arrived at a good decision，and I thoroughly(thorough) approved of it. 4．He insisted that the problem (should) be discussed(discuss) at the meeting. 5．The elegant lady unites keen business skills with a charming(charm) personality. 6．He wore a puzzled(puzzle) look when asked about the message delivered by the fable. 7．It was her natural elegance(elegant) that struck me，and I fell in love with her at first sight. 8．It was too cold outside and the girl stood in front of the cottage，trembling(tremble) with cold. 9．Though there is no solid evidence，I firmly believe that the architect is innocent of the crime. 10．If you want to realize your dream，you should be passionate(passion) about what you do. Ⅲ.阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，共20分) A The Greek historian Herodotus is said to have made one of the earliest lists of Seven Wonders of the World.These were man-made structures，including the Hanging Gardens of Babylon.More recent times saw natural alternatives to these wonders of classical architecture proposed: waterfalls，mountains，canyons，reefs.Dramatic landscapes，features and wildlife，and the pleasure and excitement they offer to visitors，are basics of tourism. As environmental consciousness has risen，attitudes to such sightseeing have changed.Yes，it is exciting to visit remote forests or spot rare species.But travelling to distant destinations is carbon-intensive(碳密集的) when flights or long road journeys are involved，and conservation can be made more difficult as well as assisted by sightseers.There is a balance to be struck，and some governments and businesses around the world try to increase the benefits while reducing the harm.Colombia，for example，recently introduced laws aimed at promoting sustainable tourism.Based on this，its economy got prosperous(繁荣的) as well as the tourism. Most of us understand better than ever that there are costs as well as benefits associated with exploring.One of the commitments made by an environmental campaign launched last month，“The Jump”，is to “holiday local”，taking short flights once every 3 years and long flights very rarely.Fortunately，the UK’s 15 national parks,86 areas of outstanding natural beauty，and countless other landscapes that are without formal status，but still beloved，mean that there is no shortage of special places for domestic nature tourists to visit，while a lot of European beauty spots are accessible by rail. One recent survey found that Windsor Great Park and Kew have become Britain’s most popular attractions.Visitor numbers at wildlife trusts are high，with waiting lists for beaver-spotting.Some companies that formerly ran foreign trips have adapted to the pandemic by taking people to watch dolphins and other marine life off British coasts instead. As we face an environmental emergency that grows ever more dangerous，it is essential to develop appreciation for nature that surrounds us.In a small way，holiday outings to watch dragonflies，kingfishers or seals，or be surrounded by trees that are coming into leaf，could help us to focus on what matters. 1．Why are the lists of Seven Wonders mentioned? A．To bring natural wonders into focus. B．To show changes in architectural styles. C．To reveal the rising popularity of tourism. D．To compare historic and modern structures. 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。第一段提到了世界七大奇迹，但是包括巴比伦空中花园在内的这些都是人造建筑。后文引出了这些古典建筑奇观的替代品：以瀑布、山脉、峡谷、珊瑚礁构成的自然景观。它们给游客带来的快乐和兴奋，是旅游业的基础。由此可知，文中提到世界七大奇迹是为了引出自然奇迹。故选A。 2．What did Colombia recently do? A．It made efforts to conserve rare species. B．It banned sightseers from going to remote forests. C．It introduced laws to increase the income of tourism. D．It tried to make its tourism develop healthily and stably. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中“Colombia，for example，recently introduced laws aimed at promoting sustainable tourism.”可知，哥伦比亚最近出台了法律，旨在促进旅游业的可持续发展，即努力使旅游业健康、稳定地发展。故选D。 3．What is the author’s attitude to the goal of “The Jump”？ A．Relaxed. B．Doubtful. C．Critical. D．Optimistic. 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据第三段中最后一句可知，幸运的是，英国有15个国家公园，86个自然美景出众的地区，以及无数其他没有正式身份但仍然备受喜爱的景观，这意味着国内自然游客不乏可以参观的特殊场所，而许多欧洲景点都可以通过铁路到达，故作者对The Jump持积极乐观的态度。故选D。 4．What can be the best title for this passage? A．Nature Tourism：“Travel Locally” B．Discovery of European Beauty Spots C．International Tourism：Wait Before Setting out D．Sightseeing Leads to Environmental Emergency 答案　A 解析　标题归纳题。根据第一段中“Dramatic landscapes...basics of tourism.”和最后一段中“In a small way...could help us to focus on what matters.”可知，这篇文章主要介绍了自然景观的重要性，并提倡假期短途旅行或者欣赏本地的自然风景，A项“自然旅游：‘本地旅游’”符合文意。故选A。 B In the shallow waters near the ocean shore，kelp(海带) grows thickly absorbing CO2 from the atmosphere.It grows at a rate of nearly 60 cm daily and if moved to a more nutrient rich depth of 80 m，it even grows faster.It’s this rapid growth that allows kelp to lock large amounts of carbon away—similar to a tree.Kelp and other species of seaweed could remove 61－268 million tonnes of carbon from the atmosphere every year. Kelp can also be turned into biofuel.“This biofuel from kelp can use all the existing refining(精炼) systems of the petrochemical industry，” says Brian Wilcox，the chief engineer at California-based company Marine BioEnergy.“It in many cases looks like crude oil(原油) and it goes through the same processes.” Researchers are developing what they hope could be a solution that would allow large kelp farming to be used for biofuel.Diane Kim，an ecologist at the University of Southern California，and her teammates collected two sets of kelp from their underwater habitat off the coast of Santa Catalina Island，California.Forty of the kelp chains were attached to a long line at a depth of 10 m near the kelp’s original habitat.Another 40 were fixed to a pole that could move to varying depths like a lift.For 100 days，the second set was put at a depth of 80 m during the night.During the daytime，researchers lifted it close to the ocean surface to absorb sunlight. After the experiment，the depth-cycled kelp produced almost four times as much biomass as the set kept at the shallower depth.In addition，the depth-cycled kelp grew far faster—at 5% per day against 3.5% for the other set.Kim and her teammates believe this depth-cycling represents a promising option for biofuel generation as it allows kelp to take advantage of both the sunlight closer to the surface and the higher nutrients further down in the water column.Using methods like this could allow kelp to be farmed for biofuel. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了海带以及其他种类的海藻能够锁住大量的碳，也可以转化为生物燃料。 5．In what way is kelp beneficial to the environment? A．It lets essential nutrients flow into sea water. B．It can take in a variety of pollutants in the ocean. C．It is greatly helpful in reducing greenhouse gases. D．It allows other species of seaweed to grow faster. 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据第一段中“It’s this rapid growth that allows kelp to lock large amounts of carbon away—similar to a tree.Kelp and other species of seaweed could remove 61－268 million tonnes of carbon from the atmosphere every year.”可知，海带和其他种类的海藻每年可以从大气中吸收大量的碳，对环境有益。故选C。 6．What does Wilcox say about kelp-based biofuel? A．It will be unaffordable for its many users. B．It is likely to be less efficient than crude oil. C．It may release more carbon into the atmosphere. D．It involves little investment in production equipment. 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段中Wilcox说的“This biofuel from kelp can use all the existing refining(精炼) systems of the petrochemical industry”可知，这种从海带中提取的生物燃料可以使用石化工业现有的所有精炼系统。由此可知，以海带为基础的生物燃料在生产设备方面涉及的投资极少。故选D。 7．How did the first set of kelp differ from the second set? A．It grew at a fixed depth underwater. B．It constantly moved around the seafloor. C．It absorbed more sunlight and nutrients. D．It included much more kelp chains. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中“Forty of the kelp chains were attached to a long line at a depth of 10 m near the kelp’s original habitat.Another 40 were fixed to a pole that could move to varying depths like a lift.”可知，第一组海带生长在原始栖息地附近10米深的地方；而第二组海带则可以移动到不同的深度。故选A。 8．What conclusion can be drawn from the last paragraph? A．Kelp grows much faster in shallow waters. B．Depth-cycling can make kelp farming workable. C．Kelp grown in darkness will produce better biofuel. D．Farmed kelp must be kept away from its natural habitat. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段中“After the experiment，the depth-cycled kelp produced almost four times as much biomass as the set kept at the shallower depth.In addition，the depth-cycled kelp grew far faster—at 5% per day against 3.5% for the other set.”和“Using methods like this could allow kelp to be farmed for biofuel.”可知，深度循环海带产生的生物量更多、生长速度更快，这使海藻养殖成为可能。故选B。 Ⅳ.七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，共12.5分) The Healing Power of Water It has been a rough few years.Many of us are finding ourselves exhausted，burned out，struggling to build balance back into our lives. 1 Neuro scientists say that spending time near oceans，lakes，rivers and other blue spaces can provide a range of benefits including reducing anxiety，easing mental fatigue and refreshing us. Participating in water activities such as swimming or surfing can help us enter a “flow state”，where we become fully immersed in what we’re doing. 2 When we become skilled at an activity，our brain changes，making it even easier to enter a state of flow in the future. Bodies of water also can produce a glorious sense of awe—the emotional response to something vast that expands and challenges how we see the world. 3 Water has special properties that may boost nature’s positive impact. 4 Its smell can provoke positive memories and associations.When we are near water，there is often less visual and auditory information to process.Our mind can rest.When we’re floating in water，our bodies can rest too，in a way we never can on land. 5 It moves rhythmically，producing a play of light，color and sound that is spellbinding.It holds our attention，but not in an overly demanding way.Researchers call this soft fascination.It gives our brains a break from the intense，focused attention that much of daily life requires. A．Most important: Water is dynamic. B．We need to recharge and water can help. C．The sound of water，typically steady and soft，soothes us. D．We can spend time on the water anywhere，anytime in our mind. E．This calms the mind，which is often absorbed by worry and anxiety. F．It’s not just our bodies that need the element of life—it’s our minds too. G．Such sense of awe can decrease stress and help us put things into perspective. 1．答案　B 解析　设空处前文说我们中的许多人都发现自己筋疲力尽，精疲力竭，挣扎着在生活中重新建立平衡。设空处后文提到在水边可以解决上述这些问题。B项“We need to recharge and water can help.(我们需要重新充电，水可以帮助我们)”承上启下。故选B。 2．答案　E 解析　设空处前文“Participating...immersed in what we’re doing.”说水上活动可以帮助我们进入一种“流动状态”，我们完全沉浸于正在做的事情中。E项“This calms the mind，which is often absorbed by worry and anxiety.”中的This指的是前文的flow state，E项进一步解释了这种“流动状态”能使经常被忧虑和焦虑所吸引的心灵平静下来。故选E。 3．答案　G 解析　设空处前文说水让人能产生一种光荣的敬畏感——一种对扩展和挑战我们看待世界方式的巨大事物的情感反应，G项“Such sense of awe can decrease stress and help us put things into perspective.(这种敬畏感可以减轻压力，帮助我们正确看待事物)”顺应前文。故选G。 4．答案　C 解析　根据上文“Water has special properties that may boost nature’s positive impact.(水具有特殊的性质，可以增强大自然的积极影响)”可知，下文应该介绍水的性质和影响。C项“The sound of water，typically steady and soft，soothes us.(水声一般是稳定和柔和的，能抚慰我们)”切题，其中“typically steady and soft”与上文“special properties”呼应，故选C。 5．答案　A 解析　设空处下文从“水的节奏”，“水的软魅力”以及“水能让我们的大脑从日常生活中需要的紧张、集中的注意力中休息”等方面介绍水最重要的特点——流动性。由此可知，A项“Most important: Water is dynamic.(最重要的是：水是动态的)”切题。故选A。 Ⅴ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分) Draw Inspiration from Passion For many people，the perfect career would be one 1. they do what they love to make a living.But in reality，not many have either the luck or the luxury to do so，given 2._____________(finance) concerns and other considerations.Cartoonist Lian Zongbo is fully aware 3. the pitfalls(困难)，but decided to chase his dream anyway. After six years of hard work in the industry，Lian was becoming tired of life.“I’d struggled for quite some time at my company.Most of my work was childish.Therefore，I planned to do something I was really into，” the 36-year-old says.In 2016，he had the idea of 4. (combine) his two interests of basketball and drawing.Lian started drawing 5. (illustrate) based on the NBA and shared them on social media platforms，but little feedback 6. (initial) dampened his enthusiasm.“I would tag many big sports accounts，and it seemed fruitless，which motivated me to try 7. (hard)，because I was too proud 8. (admit) failure，” he said，jokingly. In January 2017，about a year after he started，he 9. (receive) the message on his social media account that would change his life forever.Sent by Conscious Basketball,10.________ team of artists based in the United States that produces art related to the sport，the message invited Lian to display his work at art shows in the US. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了漫画家Lian Zongbo早年在现实的压力下放弃了自己的梦想，后来重拾梦想，从自己喜爱的篮球和绘画中汲取灵感，将这两大兴趣结合起来，开始以NBA为基础绘制漫画，经过努力获得成功。 1．答案　where 解析　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，“ they do what they love to make a living”为限制性定语从句修饰先行词one(one指代句中的career)；设空处引导定语从句，先行词one在从句中作地点状语，从句用关系副词where引导。故填where。 2．答案　financial 解析　考查形容词。由句子结构和句意可知，设空处作定语，修饰名词复数concerns，表示“财务的”，应用形容词financial。故填financial。 3．答案　of 解析　考查介词。固定短语be aware of“知道；意识到”符合句意，故填of。 4．答案　combining 解析　考查动名词。“ (combine) his two interests of basketball and drawing”作介词of的宾语，设空处应填动词combine的动名词combining。故填combining。 5．答案　illustrations 解析　考查名词及其复数。设空处作draw的宾语，名词illustration“插图”符合句意，且illustration为可数名词，由下文的them可知，设空处表复数概念，故填illustrations。 6．答案　initially 解析　考查副词。分析句子结构可知，设空处修饰动词dampen，作状语，应用副词initially，表示“起初”。故填initially。 7．答案　harder 解析　考查比较级。根据上文“I would tag many big sports accounts，and it seemed fruitless”以及空前的“motivated me to try”可知，此处表示“似乎没有结果让我更加努力”，设空处应填副词hard的比较级。故填harder。 8．答案　to admit 解析　考查不定式。根据句意“太骄傲了，不愿承认失败”可知此处为too...to...结构，意为“太……而不……”，设空处应填不定式to admit。故填to admit。 9．答案　received 解析　考查时态。分析句子结构可知，设空处在句中作谓语动词，根据时间状语“about a year after he started”可知此句陈述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时态，设空处填动词receive的过去式received。故填received。 10．答案　a 解析　考查冠词。team为可数名词，句中表达“一个艺术家团队”，表泛指，设空处填不定冠词，空后team的发音以辅音音素开头，设空处应填不定冠词a。故填a。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$