Unit 2 Section Ⅰ Vocabulary-（课件PPT+Word教案）【步步高】2024-2025学年高二英语选择性必修第三册教师用书（外研版2019）

Section Ⅰ Vocabulary A life's work UNIT 2 Part 1　基础词汇过关 Part 2　核心词汇突破 Part 3　高考热点微练 词汇过关 基础 3 1. v.(使)摆好姿势 2. n.食品杂货店 3. adj.遥远的 4. n.名人，明星 5. n.试验 6. v.(故意)避开，躲开 7. n.聚光灯；媒体的关注 8. adj.恶劣的，艰苦的，严峻的 9. n.庭院，院子 Ⅰ.写重点词汇 pose grocery faraway celebrity trial shun spotlight harsh courtyard 10. adj.珍稀的；贵重的 11. n.古董，古玩，古物 12. n.工作场所 13. adj.错综复杂的 14. adj.小心的；费尽心思的；精心的 15. n.车间，工场 16. n.歌曲；曲调 17. v.擦亮，擦光 18. v.(狗)吠叫 19. v.振(翼)，扑动(翅膀) precious antique workplace intricate Painstaking workshop melody polish bark flap 20. n.隐喻，暗喻 21. adv.然而，但是；尽管如此，虽然如此 22. adj.适当的，恰当的 23. adj.永恒的，恒久的；永不过时的 24. n.短文，论说文 25. v.包括，由……构成 26. 反复试验(以得出最佳结果) 27. 退让；认输 metaphor nonetheless apt timeless essay comprise by trial and error back down 28. (某事物发展的)尖端，最前沿 29. 不拘一格地思考，跳出框框思考 30. 开辟新的领域；有新发现 31. 做……的方法(或态度) 32. 对……的热爱 the cutting edge (of sth) think outside the box break new ground approach to... passion for 1.fascination n.着迷；极大的吸引力 → v.深深吸引；迷住 →fascinating adj.迷人的 →fascinated adj.入迷的；极感兴趣的 2. n.时尚 →fashionable adj.时髦的；流行的 Ⅱ.悟拓展词汇 fascinate fashion 3.uncomplicated adj.不复杂的；简单的；单纯的 →complicated(反) adj.复杂的；难懂的 → v.使复杂化 →complication n.使更复杂化(或更困难)的事物 4. n.(某一行业所需的)技能；工艺；手艺 →craftsman n.工匠；手艺人 →craftsmanship n.手艺；工艺；技艺 5. adj.富裕的，繁荣的，兴旺的，发达的 →prosperity n.繁荣；昌盛；成功 complicate craft prosperous 6.restoration n.(旧建筑或旧家具等的)修复，整修 → v.恢复；修复 7. n.最大量，最大值 →minimum(反) n.最少量 8. v.维护，保护；保存 →preservation n.保护 9.exaggeration n.夸大，夸张 → v.夸张；夸大；言过其实 →exaggerated adj.夸大的；夸张的；言过其实的 restore maximum preserve exaggerate 10. adj.谦虚的，谦逊的 →modesty n.谦虚；谦逊 11. v.支配，控制，主宰 →domination n.控制；统治 →dominated adj.强势的；占主导地位的 12.architecture n.建筑风格，建筑设计 → n.建筑师 →architectural adj.建筑(方面)的 13.ambitious adj.宏大的，艰巨的 → n.野心；雄心 modest dominate architect ambition 14. v.与……有关 →association n.联系；协会；社团 →associated adj.有联系的 15. (pl.analyses) n.分析 →analyse v.分析 associate analysis 1.The lens of this camera can be pulled back and forth. 2.An anthropologist is a social scientist who specializes in anthropology(人类学). 3.In October 1964，China successfully exploded its first atomic bomb. 4.Hydrogen is a gas that is the lightest of all the elements and combines with oxygen to form water. Ⅲ.认阅读词汇 n.(照相机、摄像机的)镜头 n.人类学家 adj.原子能的；核能的 n.氢 5.Qian Xuesen had been working in America，where his crack hand at jet propulsion had won him acclaim. 6.The envoy was dressed in a crimson ethnic costume to show his respect for that small country. 7.That plain timepiece played a gigantic part during the competition. 喷气推进　n.表扬，赞赏 n.使者，使节　adj.深红色的 n.计时器；表　adj.巨大的，庞大的 8.A traditional artisan sat under a big oak tree，spinning silk into thread sedately. 9.It was in the grocery store in the corner that I came across that web celebrity. 返 回 n.工匠，手艺人　v.将(棉花、羊毛等)纺成(线)，纺(线) adv.安静地；慢悠悠地 超级市场 词汇突破 核心 16 v.(使) 摆好姿势；造成，引起，产生 n.姿势；姿态 1 • pose for 为……摆好姿势 pose a threat/challenge/danger/risk to对……构成威胁/挑战/危险/风险 • make a(n)...pose for为……摆出……的姿势 pose (1)The celebrities posed a group photograph after the party，exhausted but happy. (2)The timid girl finally stood up and made awkward pose for the camera. for an (3)人类活动对许多物种的生存构成了潜在或实际的威胁。 Human activities the existence of many species. 写作佳句 have posed a potential or practical threat to n.时尚；时兴；流行款式(fashionable adj.流行的，时兴的，时髦的) 2 fashion come into fashion成为时尚，变得流行起来 be in fashion正流行 (go) out of fashion过时 fashion show时装展览/表演 (1)People who have names that aren’t (fashion) may feel embarrassed. (2)With the development of the Internet，working at home has come ___ fashion. fashionable into (3)(应用文写作之邀请信)得知你对中国传统服装感兴趣，我写信邀请你参加将在我们城市剧院举行的一场盛大的时装秀，在那里你可以欣赏到最近非常流行的各种“汉服”。 Learning that you are interested in traditional Chinese clothes，I am writing to invite you to take part in to be held in our city theater，where you may appreciate various kinds of “hanfu”， . 写作佳句 a great fashion show which have been greatly in fashion recently • preserve...from/against...保护……免受…… • well preserved 保存完好的 • nature preserve自然保护区 v.维护，保护；保存(preservation n.保护；保存) preserve 3 (1)Well before the arrival of freezers，there was a demand for ice for food (preserve). (2)The incident serves as a reminder that parents should preserve their children from (hurt). preservation being hurt (3)(话题写作之野生动物保护)我们呼吁政府建立更多的自然保护区以保护野生动物免于灭绝。 We appeal to the government to ____________________________ ________________________________________. 写作佳句 build more nature preserves to preserve wild animals from/against extinction • back up支持，援助；倒退，后退 back away from 躲避(可怕或讨厌的人或事物)；避免；退避 • back and forth 往返，来回 go back on 违约，食言 • turn one’s back on 背对，背弃 退让，认输 back down 4 (1)有这么多人支持我，我终于获得了这个宝贵的机会。 With so many people ，I finally gained this precious opportunity. (2)(读后续写之情感描写)得知儿子会认输，违背他最初的承诺，我在客厅里焦急地来回踱步，考虑如何说服他不要逃避暂时的困难。 Learning that my son would _______________________________ _______his initial promise，I anxiously in the sitting room，considering how to persuade him not to ______ __________temporary difficulties. 写作佳句 backing me up back down and go back on/turn his back on paced back and forth back away from • at the approach of在快到……的时候 • with...approaching在……快到的时候 注意：way，method和means都有“方式，方法”之意，常和介词of连用，而approach常和介词to连用。 做……的方法(或态度) (approach n.方法；路径；接近 vt.接近；接洽；着手处理 vi.靠近) approach to... 5 (1)It is acknowledged that the only approach to (solve) the problem is to find the witness. (2)At the meeting，they discussed three different (approach) to the study of maths. solving approaches (3)随着高考的临近，很多学生变得越来越紧张。 ，many students are becoming increasingly nervous.(用with复合结构) (4)(读后续写之情景描写)随着我们快接近农场，我们看到了一个模糊的身影，那是焦急地等待我们的保罗叔叔。 ，we saw a dim figure，which turned out to be Uncle Paul who was waiting for us anxiously. 写作佳句 With the college entrance examination approaching As we were approaching the farm • with passion热情洋溢地；激动地 have a passion for对……有强烈的爱好；酷爱 • be passionate about对……充满热情；酷爱 对……的热爱(passion n.热情，激情；盛怒，激愤 passionate adj.热诚的，狂热的) passion for 6 (1)In the face of a new challenge，not only should we be brave，but also be (passion). (2)Facing the camera，the fashion model made some graceful poses ____ great passion. passionate with (3)(应用文写作之邀请信)我知道你酷爱中国传统工艺，所以写信邀请你光顾这场民间手工艺展。 _______________________________________________________________________________，I am writing to invite you to the folk arts and crafts show. 写作佳句 Knowing that you have a passion for/are passionate about traditional Chinese crafts leave out删掉；漏掉；省去；不理会；忽视 leave...alone不管；别惹；让……一个人待着 leave aside不予考虑；搁置一边 leave for动身去(某地) leave off中止；中断 遗留；把……丢在后面 leave (...) behind 7 (1)This is the third time that you have left your umbrella at the grocery store. (2)Set down what the teacher said，otherwise some important points will be left . (3)Given that time is limited，we have to leave some insignificant tasks till tomorrow. behind out aside (4)明天早上8点我们将在学校门口集合，然后一起去露营地。 Tomorrow we’ll gather at the school gate at 8 am and __________ ___________________. 写作佳句 leave for the campsite together 返 回 热点微练 高考 36 1.The accident posed no serious effect on us. 2.When taking photos，I always favour posing the same way. 3.He doesn’t really know a thing about the theatre，and he’s just posing！ 4.She struck a pose，one hand on her waist and the other pointing to the flower. Ⅰ.一词多义 ____ ____ ____ ____ D A C B A.v.摆姿势　B.v.造成(问题，威胁等)　C.n.姿势　D.v.装腔作势 5.Polish shoes regularly to protect the leather. 6.The statement was carefully polished and checked before release. 7.These craftsmen just practiced again and again to polish their technique. ____ ____ ____ B A C A.vt.磨光；擦亮　B.vt.修改；润色　C.v.改善；改进 1.I bought the house at a modest price. 2.All the furniture is crafted from natural materials. 3.The company has signed up three top models for the fashion show. 4.Feeling offended by his boss，he barked a series of questions at her. 5.The ambitious project was completed in only nine months. Ⅱ.熟词生义 ______ ________ ______ ________ ______________ 适中的 精心制作 时装业 宏大的；艰巨的 返 回 厉声质问 6.(2022·浙江1月)Travelling to conferences，lectures，workshops，and the like—frequently by plane—is viewed as important for scientists to get together and exchange information. ______ 返 回 研讨会 本课结束 $$ Section Ⅰ　Vocabulary Ⅰ.写重点词汇 1．pose v．(使)摆好姿势 2．grocery n．食品杂货店 3．faraway adj.遥远的 4．celebrity n．名人，明星 5．trial n．试验 6．shun v．(故意)避开，躲开 7．spotlight n．聚光灯；媒体的关注 8．harsh adj.恶劣的，艰苦的，严峻的 9．courtyard n．庭院，院子 10．precious adj.珍稀的；贵重的 11．antique n．古董，古玩，古物 12．workplace n．工作场所 13．intricate adj.错综复杂的 14．painstaking adj.小心的；费尽心思的；精心的 15．workshop n．车间，工场 16．melody n．歌曲；曲调 17．polish v．擦亮，擦光 18．bark v．(狗)吠叫 19．flap v．振(翼)，扑动(翅膀) 20．metaphor n．隐喻，暗喻 21．nonetheless adv.然而，但是；尽管如此，虽然如此 22．apt adj.适当的，恰当的 23．timeless adj.永恒的，恒久的；永不过时的 24．essay n．短文，论说文 25．comprise v．包括，由……构成 26．by trial and error反复试验(以得出最佳结果) 27．back down 退让；认输 28．the cutting edge (of sth) (某事物发展的)尖端，最前沿 29．think outside the box 不拘一格地思考，跳出框框思考 30．break new ground 开辟新的领域；有新发现 31．approach to... 做……的方法(或态度) 32．passion for 对……的热爱 Ⅱ.悟拓展词汇 1．fascination n．着迷；极大的吸引力→fascinate v．深深吸引；迷住→fascinating adj.迷人的→fascinated adj.入迷的；极感兴趣的 2．fashion n．时尚→fashionable adj.时髦的；流行的 3．uncomplicated adj.不复杂的；简单的；单纯的→complicated(反) adj.复杂的；难懂的→complicate v．使复杂化→complication n．使更复杂化(或更困难)的事物 4．craft n．(某一行业所需的)技能；工艺；手艺→craftsman n．工匠；手艺人→craftsmanship n．手艺；工艺；技艺 5．prosperous adj.富裕的，繁荣的，兴旺的，发达的→prosperity n．繁荣；昌盛；成功 6．restoration n．(旧建筑或旧家具等的)修复，整修→restore v．恢复；修复 7．maximum n．最大量，最大值→minimum(反) n．最少量 8．preserve v．维护，保护；保存→preservation n．保护 9．exaggeration n．夸大，夸张→exaggerate v．夸张；夸大；言过其实→exaggerated adj.夸大的；夸张的；言过其实的 10．modest adj.谦虚的，谦逊的→modesty n．谦虚；谦逊 11．dominate v．支配，控制，主宰→domination n．控制；统治→dominated adj.强势的；占主导地位的 12．architecture n．建筑风格，建筑设计→architect n．建筑师→architectural adj.建筑(方面)的 13．ambitious adj.宏大的，艰巨的→ambition n．野心；雄心 14．associate v．与……有关→association n．联系；协会；社团→associated adj.有联系的 15．analysis (pl.analyses) n．分析→analyse v．分析 Ⅲ.认阅读词汇 1．The lens of this camera can be pulled back and forth.n.(照相机、摄像机的)镜头 2．An anthropologist is a social scientist who specializes in anthropology(人类学)．n.人类学家 3．In October 1964，China successfully exploded its first atomic bomb.adj.原子能的；核能的 4．Hydrogen is a gas that is the lightest of all the elements and combines with oxygen to form water.n.氢 5．Qian Xuesen had been working in America，where his crack hand at jet propulsion had won him acclaim.喷气推进 n．表扬，赞赏 6．The envoy was dressed in a crimson ethnic costume to show his respect for that small country. n.使者，使节　adj.深红色的 7．That plain timepiece played a gigantic part during the competition.n.计时器；表 adj.巨大的，庞大的 8．A traditional artisan sat under a big oak tree，spinning silk into thread sedately.n.工匠，手艺人 v．将(棉花、羊毛等)纺成(线)，纺(线) adv.安静地；慢悠悠地 9．It was in the grocery store in the corner that I came across that web celebrity.超级市场 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 pose v．(使) 摆好姿势；造成，引起，产生 n．姿势；姿态 •pose for 为……摆好姿势 pose a threat/challenge/danger/risk to对……构成威胁/挑战/危险/风险 •make a(n)...pose for为……摆出……的姿势 (1)The celebrities posed for a group photograph after the party，exhausted but happy. (2)The timid girl finally stood up and made an awkward pose for the camera. [写作佳句] (3)人类活动对许多物种的生存构成了潜在或实际的威胁。 Human activities have posed a potential or practical threat to the existence of many species. fashion n．时尚；时兴；流行款式(fashionable adj.流行的，时兴的，时髦的) come into fashion成为时尚，变得流行起来 be in fashion正流行 (go) out of fashion过时 fashion show时装展览/表演 (1)People who have names that aren’t fashionable(fashion) may feel embarrassed. (2)With the development of the Internet，working at home has come into fashion. [写作佳句] (3)(应用文写作之邀请信)得知你对中国传统服装感兴趣，我写信邀请你参加将在我们城市剧院举行的一场盛大的时装秀，在那里你可以欣赏到最近非常流行的各种“汉服”。 Learning that you are interested in traditional Chinese clothes，I am writing to invite you to take part in a great fashion show to be held in our city theater，where you may appreciate various kinds of “hanfu”，which have been greatly in fashion recently. preserve v．维护，保护；保存(preservation n．保护；保存) •preserve...from/against...保护……免受…… •well preserved 保存完好的 •nature preserve自然保护区 (1)Well before the arrival of freezers，there was a demand for ice for food preservation(preserve)． (2)The incident serves as a reminder that parents should preserve their children from being hurt(hurt)． [写作佳句] (3)(话题写作之野生动物保护)我们呼吁政府建立更多的自然保护区以保护野生动物免于灭绝。 We appeal to the government to build more nature preserves to preserve wild animals from/against extinction. back down 退让，认输 •back up支持，援助；倒退，后退 back away from 躲避(可怕或讨厌的人或事物)；避免；退避 •back and forth 往返，来回 go back on 违约，食言 •turn one’s back on 背对，背弃 [写作佳句] (1)有这么多人支持我，我终于获得了这个宝贵的机会。 With so many people backing me up，I finally gained this precious opportunity. (2)(读后续写之情感描写)得知儿子会认输，违背他最初的承诺，我在客厅里焦急地来回踱步，考虑如何说服他不要逃避暂时的困难。 Learning that my son would back down and go back on/turn his back on his initial promise，I anxiously paced back and forth in the sitting room，considering how to persuade him not to back away from temporary difficulties. approach to... 做……的方法(或态度) (approach n．方法；路径；接近 vt.接近；接洽；着手处理 vi.靠近) •at the approach of在快到……的时候 •with...approaching在……快到的时候 注意：way，method和means都有“方式，方法”之意，常和介词of连用，而approach常和介词to连用。 (1)It is acknowledged that the only approach to solving(solve) the problem is to find the witness. (2)At the meeting，they discussed three different approaches(approach) to the study of maths. [写作佳句] (3)随着高考的临近，很多学生变得越来越紧张。 With the college entrance examination approaching，many students are becoming increasingly nervous.(用with复合结构) (4)(读后续写之情景描写)随着我们快接近农场，我们看到了一个模糊的身影，那是焦急地等待我们的保罗叔叔。 As we were approaching the farm，we saw a dim figure，which turned out to be Uncle Paul who was waiting for us anxiously. passion for 对……的热爱(passion n．热情，激情；盛怒，激愤 passionate adj.热诚的，狂热的) •with passion热情洋溢地；激动地 have a passion for对……有强烈的爱好；酷爱 •be passionate about对……充满热情；酷爱 (1)In the face of a new challenge，not only should we be brave，but also be passionate(passion)． (2)Facing the camera，the fashion model made some graceful poses with great passion. [写作佳句] (3)(应用文写作之邀请信)我知道你酷爱中国传统工艺，所以写信邀请你光顾这场民间手工艺展。 Knowing that you have a passion for/are passionate about traditional Chinese crafts，I am writing to invite you to the folk arts and crafts show. leave (...) behind 遗留；把……丢在后面 leave out删掉；漏掉；省去；不理会；忽视 leave...alone不管；别惹；让……一个人待着 leave aside不予考虑；搁置一边 leave for动身去(某地) leave off中止；中断 (1)This is the third time that you have left your umbrella behind at the grocery store. (2)Set down what the teacher said，otherwise some important points will be left out. (3)Given that time is limited，we have to leave aside some insignificant tasks till tomorrow. [写作佳句] (4)明天早上8点我们将在学校门口集合，然后一起去露营地。 Tomorrow we’ll gather at the school gate at 8 am and leave for the campsite together. 高考热点微练 Ⅰ.一词多义 A．v.摆姿势　B．v.造成(问题，威胁等)　C．n.姿势　D．v.装腔作势 1．The accident posed no serious effect on us. B 2．When taking photos，I always favour posing the same way. A 3．He doesn’t really know a thing about the theatre，and he’s just posing！ D 4．She struck a pose，one hand on her waist and the other pointing to the flower. C A．vt.磨光；擦亮　B．vt.修改；润色　C．v.改善；改进 5．Polish shoes regularly to protect the leather. A 6．The statement was carefully polished and checked before release. B 7．These craftsmen just practiced again and again to polish their technique. C Ⅱ.熟词生义 1．I bought the house at a modest price.适中的 2．All the furniture is crafted from natural materials.精心制作 3．The company has signed up three top models for the fashion show.时装业 4．Feeling offended by his boss，he barked a series of questions at her.厉声质问 5．The ambitious project was completed in only nine months.宏大的；艰巨的 6．(2022·浙江1月)Travelling to conferences，lectures，workshops，and the like—frequently by plane—is viewed as important for scientists to get together and exchange information.研讨会 训练1　Vocabulary　[分值：70分] Ⅰ.单词拼写(共10小题；每小题1分，共10分) 1．Hearing the dog barking fiercely，the monster escaped immediately. 2．The fact is that the book is an analysis(分析) of poverty and its cause. 3．In the process of experiments，only by trial and error will progress be made. 4．He got tired of teaching and switched to writing essays(文章) for the websites. 5．He was polishing(擦亮) his leather shoes when I came to invite him to play golf. 6．They have just returned from faraway(遥远的) places with wonderful stories to tell. 7．Paper-cutting is one of the traditional crafts(手艺) passed from generation to generation. 8．Though having made great contributions to traditional culture，the artisan remains modest. 9．I’m more than delighted to know that you’re quite interested in ancient Chinese celebrities(名人)． 10．I would appreciate it a lot if you can give me the precious opportunity to study in your workshop. Ⅱ.单句语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分) 1．The job will require you to use all your crafts to the maximum. 2．He is polishing an old timepiece dating(date) back to the 16th century. 3．Jim accomplished the project in association(associate) with his partners，which made his teacher satisfied. 4．We must spare no effort to preserve Chinese traditions from/against disappearing. 5．He developed a real passion for antiques while he worked in that museum. 6．My brother is an ambitious(ambition) young lawyer full of enthusiasm and vitality. 7．The novelist reads all kinds of books，ranging(range) from poetry to science fiction. 8．Dressed in fashionable(fashion) clothes，she looks particularly elegant，like a movie star. 9．The team comprised(comprise) of some young nurses was popular with the local people. 10．Our city has taken on a new look since you came，and we must express our heartfelt thanks to you. Ⅲ.阅读理解(共7小题；每小题2.5分，共17.5分) A Anxious to keep healthy? Trying to find tips on it? Just see what these experts said to you. Eat in Season “The vegetables in seasons provide the lowest cost，best taste and most nutrition，” said registered dietitian Jill Nussinow，“If possible，grow your own or shop at a farmer’s market or store with high produce turnover.Become familiar with what’s in season.” Stay Hydrated(含水的) “Drink at least 3 liters of water daily，but no more than 1 gallon，” said Trinity Perkins，a certified personal trainer，ISSA performance nutrition specialist.“Staying hydrated is essential to your progress—weight loss，energy，immune system functioning and more！” Staying hydrated ensures your body functions properly and efficiently. Eat Slower and Stop Before You’re Full “This is probably one of the most important rules of healthy eating；it means eating until you are satisfied，not stuffed beyond belief，” said Darin Hu slander，a verified nutritionist.“This allows your brain signals to kick in and tell your body when it’s full and ready to stop eating.” Cut Down on Sugar Weight gain，heart disease，diabetes，and the list of health issues associated with consuming too much added sugar continue to pile up.The amount of sugar people ingest(摄入) has been climbing.Check the ingredients before you decide on food which is high in sugar to keep you feeling satisfied.When your sweet tooth kicks in，reach for some fruit. 1．What does Jill Nussinow advise us to do? A．To find the cheapest vegetables. B．To start a shop at a farmer’s market. C．To learn the knowledge of seasons. D．To grow vegetables for ourselves. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据文章第二段“‘The vegetables in seasons provide the lowest cost，best taste and most nutrition，’ said registered dietitian Jill Nussinow，‘If possible，grow your own...Become familiar with what’s in season.’”可知，Jill Nussinow建议我们可以自己种植蔬菜。故选D。 2．What does Darin Hu slander want to stress? A．The quality of food. B．The quantity of food. C．The type of food. D．The taste of food. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据文章第四段“‘This is probably one of the most important rules of healthy eating；it means eating until you are satisfied，not stuffed beyond belief，’ said Darin Hu slander，a verified nutritionist.‘This allows your brain signals to kick in and tell your body when it’s full and ready to stop eating.’”可知，Darin Hu slander想要强调的是食物的量。故选B。 3．How can we cut down on sugar? A．To drop food high in sugar for fruit. B．To pile up health problems with sugar. C．To take more exercise such as climbing. D．To check the ingredients of any food. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据文章最后一段最后一句“When your sweet tooth kicks in，reach for some fruit.”可知，作者建议当我们想吃甜食时，为了减少糖分摄入，我们可以放弃糖分高的食物，而选择多吃水果。故选A。 B Born in the Netherlands in 1853，Van Gogh led a simple life in a small town until the age of 16.He then left school and joined a firm of art dealers in the large city of Hague.He eventually realised that dealing with others’ artwork was not his profession.His true love was to become an artist himself. He devoted much of his time to learning the fundamentals of drawing.Van Gogh believed that to become a great painter，one must first master the ability to draw.It was only after he was comfortable in this area that he began to use oil paints.That is when he developed a style and talent for colour that made him one of the most respected artists of all time. Van Gogh’s paintings are amazing representations of his view of the world.The colours jump off the canvas(画布)，not only because of their brightness but also because of the brush strokes(笔触)．Van Gogh avoided light，feathery strokes，which would portray(描绘) typical subjects.Instead，he used his brush and oils to make layers that built the painting until it was almost three-dimensional. Perhaps one of the most memorable examples of Van Gogh’s use of colour and brush style is his painting The Starry Night.The sky swirls(打旋) across the canvas，while the stars shine with unearthly brightness.Each brush stroke creates the image of movement.The Starry Night shows Van Gogh’s great ability to create a powerful image with simple subjects. Van Gogh spent only the last ten years of his life painting.He is believed to have sold only one of the 900 paintings he created during those years.Yet today Van Gogh is considered one of the greatest artists of all time.His influence is evident：many painters mimic his style and use of colour.His artwork can be found in museums all over the world and is valued in millions of dollars，an evidence for Vincent van Gogh’s talent. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了凡·高在色彩运用和形态塑造上的方法使其作品独具一格，并以其代表作《星夜》为例进行了具体说明。 4．According to the text，how did Van Gogh learn to paint? A．By acquiring basic drawing techniques first. B．By closely observing the world around him. C．By carefully studying the works of great artists. D．By reading many books about art. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“He devoted much of his time to learning the fundamentals of drawing...one must first master the ability to draw.”可知，凡·高通过先学习基础的绘画技巧来学绘画。故选A。 5．Which of the following does the author seem to admire most about Van Gogh’s paintings? A．The images. B．The mood. C．The themes. D．The brushwork. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。 根据文章第三段中的“The colors jump off the canvas，not only because of their brightness but also because of the brush strokes.”及之后具体的笔法介绍可知，作者最欣赏凡·高画作的笔法。故选D。 6．Why does the author refer to The Starry Night? A．To praise Van Gogh’s ability. B．To prove Van Gogh’s respect for nature. C．To show Van Gogh’s style of painting. D．To indicate Van Gogh’s feelings about his art. 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。 根据文章第四段“Perhaps one of the most memorable examples...great ability to creates the image of movement.”可推知，作者提到《星夜》这幅画是为了展示凡·高的绘画风格。故选C。 7．What does the underlined word “mimic” in the last paragraph probably mean? A．Tolerate. B．Judge. C．Copy. D．Notice. 答案　C 解析　词义猜测题。根据上文“Yet Van Gogh today is considered one of the greatest artists of all time.His influence is obvious”以及下文“his style and use of color”可推知，凡·高的作品影响深远，许多画家应是模仿他的画风。故选C。 Ⅳ.七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，共12.5分) While many people might be quitting formal New Year’s decisions this year，others may mark a fresh start by deciding to make up for poor eating habits of the past. 1 Without a solid plan，you may fail quickly.So consider starting with these three easy ways to eat a healthier diet. Aim for real food only. 2 Maybe it’s the whole thing (like a frozen dinner)，or maybe it’s just part of your meal (like the bottled dressing on your salad)．Think of where you can replace processed foods for healthier ones.For example，eat whole-grain pasta instead of enriched white-flour spaghetti. Schedule your meals and snacks.Set times on your phone for three different meals and two snacks (if you need them)． 3 This might control your desires，reduce stress about when you’ll eat next，and cut down on the extra calories of unnecessary snacking—a real challenge if you’re close to a refrigerator all day while at home or work. Reduce your portion sizes.If you’re like most Americans，you’re eating too much food.An easy way to carry out portion control：load your plate as you normally would，then put back a third or half of the food. 4 You don’t need to include all of these steps at one time；try one step per week.Write down what you’re eating and any thoughts or questions you have about the process. 5 Before long，you’ll have the confidence to attempt new steps. A．Avoid having late-night meals or snacks. B．Don’t eat in between these scheduled times. C．Processed foods are linked with many diseases. D．After a week，assess what worked and what didn’t. E．You can also use a salad plate instead of a dinner plate. F．Look at your plate and note what’s processed and what isn’t. G．But this motivation is often focused on a diet that is too ambitious. 1．答案　G 解析　由上文“While many people might be quitting formal New Year’s decisions this year，others may mark a fresh start by deciding to make up for poor eating habits of the past.”可知，本空应提到“饮食”，G选项“但这种动机往往集中在过于雄心勃勃的饮食上”能承接上文，并引起下文。故选G。 2．答案　F 解析　由下文“Maybe it’s the whole thing...instead of enriched white-flour spaghetti.”可知，本空应与“加工食品”有关，F选项“Look at your plate and note what’s processed and what isn’t.”能引起下文，符合题意。故选F。 3．答案　B 解析　由上文“Schedule your meals and snacks.Set times on your phone for three different meals and two snacks (if you need them)．”可知，本空应与“吃东西的时间”有关，B选项“Don’t eat in between these scheduled times.”能承接上文，符合题意。故选B。 4．答案　E 解析　由上文“Reduce your portion sizes.If you’re like most Americans，you’re eating too much food.An easy way to carry out portion control：load your plate as you normally would，then put back a third or half of the food.”可知，本空应与“份量和盘子”有关，E选项“You can also use a salad plate instead of a dinner plate.”能承接上文，符合题意。故选E。 5．答案　D 解析　由上文“You don’t need to include all of these steps at one time；try one step per week.Write down what you’re eating and any thoughts or questions you have about the process.”可知，本空应与“一周后的总结”有关，D选项“After a week，assess what worked and what didn’t.”能承接上文，符合题意。故选D。 Ⅴ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分) Shen Kuo was a scientist of the Northern Song Dynasty.He was 1. all-round scholar of astronomy，physics，chemistry，geology and medical science.However，Shen Kuo’s reputation has been mostly in the field of scientific writing: he was the first 2. (build) solid orographic maps. Thanks 3. his mother，Shen Kuo received a formal education in his childhood.He was 4. (intelligence) and diligent，and he read so much that he suffered from eye pain later in life.While in his thirties，Shen Kuo frequently dreamed of a place.In the dream，he climbed a hill，the top of 5. was covered with brightly colored flowers and trees.Clear waters 6. (flow) at the bottom of the hill，with trees on either side.Later on，when 7. (travel) around，he was shocked to find a piece of land that was 8. (exact) the one in his dream.There he settled and wrote of the 9._____________(discovery) he had made during his lifetime. This extraordinary story is the origin of Shen’s Brush Talks from Dream Brook.The book was a milestone in the history of Chinese science.So far，this amazing scientific work 10. (put) into a number of different languages，including English，French，German and Japanese. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国北宋著名的科学家沈括及其著作《梦溪笔谈》。 1．答案　an 解析　考查冠词。scholar是可数名词单数，且在语境中第一次出现，表示泛指，故应用不定冠词，又因all-round的发音以元音音素开头，故填an。 2．答案　to build 解析　考查非谓语动词。本句的谓语动词是was，所以空处应用非谓语动词形式。序数词后常跟不定式作后置定语，故填to build。 3．答案　to 解析　考查介词。thanks to为固定搭配，意为“幸亏，由于”，故填to。 4．答案　intelligent 解析　考查形容词。空处作表语，且与diligent并列，故应用形容词形式。故填intelligent。 5．答案　which 解析　考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a hill，关系词指代先行词在从句中作介词of的宾语，故填which。 6．答案　flowed 解析　考查动词的时态。空处在本句中作谓语，应与上句中的谓语climbed的时态保持一致，故用一般过去时，故填flowed。 7．答案　travel(l)ing 解析　考查状语从句的省略。此处是状语从句的省略，即当从句的主语与主句的主语一致且从句包含be动词时，可以省略从句的主语和be动词。此处可还原为：when he was travel(l)ing，故填travel(l)ing。 8．答案　exactly 解析　考查副词。 空处修饰was作状语，表示“恰好，正好”，应用副词形式，故填exactly。 9．答案　discoveries 解析　考查名词复数。分析句子结构可知，设空处为宾语，应用名词discovery，表示他一生的发现，应用复数形式。故填discoveries。 10．答案　has been put 解析　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。空处在本句中作谓语，由时间状语So far可知，应用现在完成时；put和句子主语this amazing scientific work之间为动宾关系，用被动语态，且主语为第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has been put。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$