Unit 6 Famous people in history 【B卷·培优卷】-2024-2025学年六年级英语下册单元速记·巧练（沪教版五四制2024）

学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ Unit 6 Famous people in history 【B卷·培优卷】 提示：紧贴新教材单元主题 一、单项选择 1．Kitty will be ________ astronaut in the future. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 【答案】B 【详解】句意：凯蒂将来会成为一名宇航员。 考查冠词用法。根据“astronaut in the future”可知，此处泛指一名宇航员，astronaut以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。故选B。 2．The doctor is right. We should take ________ advice to drink warm water. A．he B．his C．him D．himself 【答案】B 【详解】句意：医生是对的。我们应该听从他的劝告，喝温水。 考查代词辨析。he他，主格；his他的，形容词性物主代词；him他，宾格；himself他自己。此空后接名词advice，应填形容词性物主代词，故选B。 3．My grandma will leave for New York ________ 11:00 a.m. tomorrow. A．at B．in C．on D．for 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我奶奶明天上午11点动身去纽约。 考查时间介词的用法。at在某一时刻；in在某一时间段；on在具体的日期；for（表示时间、距离）达，计，（表示目的、用途）为了。根据“11:00 a.m.”可知，表示具体时刻要用介词at。故选A。 4．There ________ a large number of potential customers for the new product and the number is still climbing. A．was B．were C．is D．are 【答案】D 【详解】句意：新产品有大量的潜在客户，而且这个数字还在攀升。 考查there be句型。分析句子结构可知，该句为there be句型，主语为a large number of potential customers，由此可知所选单词为be动词的复数形式，且该句陈述客观事实，be动词用are。故选D。 5．I never have breakfast, ________ I always have a stomach ache. A．and B．so C．but D．or 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我从不吃早餐，所以我总是胃痛。 考查连词辨析。and和；so因此；but但是；or或者。“I never have breakfast”与“I always have a stomach ache”是因果关系，遵循 “前因后果”，此空应填so，故选B。 6．Tom says he has to practise ________ three time a week. A．swims B．to swim C．swim D．swimming 【答案】D 【详解】句意：汤姆说他必须每周练习游泳三次。 考查非谓语动词。practise doing sth表示“练习做某事”。故选D。 7．Peter ________ a fireman in ten years’ time. A．is B．is going to C．will be D．was 【答案】C 【详解】句意：彼得将在十年后成为一名消防员。 考查动词时态。根据时间状语“in ten years’ time”可知，十年后，彼得将成为消防员，时态为一般将来时，will用于表示较远期的未来或更不确定的时间，表达一种意愿、决心。故选C。 8．My sister Lily is ________ of the two sisters. A．tall B．the taller C．tallest D．the tallest 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我姐姐莉莉是两姐妹中较高的一个。 考查形容词比较级用法。根据比较范围“of the two sisters”可知，两者之间的比较应用比较级，且比较级前需要the表示特指，故选B。 9．Kitty always has a cold, so she ________ take a good rest. A．should B．must C．can D．will 【答案】A 【详解】句意：Kitty总是感冒，所以她应该好好休息。 考查情态动词。should应该；must必须；can能；will将。根据“Kitty always has a cold”和“take a good rest”以及生活常识可知，Kitty总是感冒，应该好好休息。故选A。 10．Joe’s dream is to be a doctor in the future because he wants to make sick people become ________. A．happy B．interesting C．best D．healthy 【答案】D 【详解】句意：乔的梦想是将来成为一名医生，因为他想让生病的人变得健康。 考查形容词辨析。happy快乐的；interesting有趣的；best最好的；healthy健康的。根据“Joe’s dream is to be a doctor”和“make sick people”可知，医生能让病人恢复健康。故选D。 11．People usually use ________ to make clothes. A．metal B．plastic C．cotton D．clay 【答案】C 【详解】句意：人们通常用棉布做衣服。 考查名词辨析。metal金属；plastic塑料；cotton棉花、棉布；clay泥土。根据后面的to make clothes，结合常识可知，人们通常用棉布做衣服，故答案选C。 12．My mom ________ in Shanghai for more than five years. A．lives B．has lived C．have lived D．is living 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我妈妈在上海生活了五年多。 考查现在完成时。根据“for more than five years”可知，此处表示居住这一动作的持续性，应用现在完成时，谓语结构为have/has done，主语My mom为第三人称单数，助动词应用has。故选B。 13．Jill doesn’t like the blue T-shirt. She would rather ________ the pink one. A．to wear B．wearing C．wear D．wears 【答案】C 【详解】句意：吉尔不喜欢蓝色T恤。她宁愿穿粉红色的。 考查动词短语。短语would rather do sth.意为“宁愿做某事”，wear应用动词原形。故选C。 14．Miss Ma always has toothache, because she eats too ________ sweet food. A．much B．little C．many D．few 【答案】A 【详解】句意：马小姐总是牙痛，因为她吃太多的甜食。 考查代词。much很多，修饰不可数名词；little很少，修饰不可数名词；many很多，修饰可数名词；few很少，修饰可数名词。food是不可数名词，排除CD；根据“Miss Ma always has toothache”可知，总是牙痛是因为吃太多的甜食。故选A。 15．—Mike will probably be a policeman. —________. He always helps others. A．Yes, he agrees B．No, he doesn’t agree C．No, I don’t agree D．Yes, I agree 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——迈克可能会成为一名警察。——是的，我同意。他总是帮助别人。 考查情景交际。Yes, he agrees是的，他同意；No, he doesn’t agree不，他不同意；No, I don’t agree不，我不同意；Yes, I agree是的，我同意。根据“He always helps others”可知，是同意对方的观点，主语用I。故选D。 二、选词填空 Complete the passage with the words in the box. Each one can be used only once. A．abilities  B．quickly  C． different  D．little  E. painter  F. same Vincent Van Gogh was one of the most famous Dutch artists of the 19th century. Over the course of his 37 years, Van Gogh painted some of the most famous paintings of our time. At the age of 16, he began a career not as a 16 but as an art salesman for the firm Goupil & Cie. Van Gogh spent seven years with the firm, but became unhappy. In the following years, Van Gogh went from job to job, living in 17 cities in Europe. Van Gogh was not certain of his own 18 , but he got the encouragement and support of his beloved brother, Theo. He went to Brussels to begin studies in art. During the next 10 years, he painted 872 paintings. Van Gogh is a world-famous artist today, but he was 19 known to the art world while he was alive. He sold only one painting during his lifetime, but his fame grew 20 in the years after his death. Later Van Gogh suffered from serious depression and was sent to an asylum (精神病院). In the asylum, Van Gogh painted one of his best-known paintings—Starry Night. On July 17, 1890, Vincent Van Gogh shot himself in the chest in a wheat field. Van Gogh produced more than 2,000art works. His work was a strong influence on the modern art. 【答案】16．E 17．C 18．A 19．D 20．B 【导语】本文主要讲了著名画家文森特•梵高的生平经历。 16．句意：16岁时，他开始的职业生涯不是画家，而是古皮尔画廊的一名美术品推销员。根据“but as an art salesman”及备选词可知，此空表示“不是一名画家”，painter“画家”，名词，不定冠词a后接名词单数，故填E。 17．句意：在接下来的几年里，梵高从事了各种工作，辗转于欧洲不同的城市。根据“Van Gogh went from job to job”及备选词可知，从事各种工作，所以辗转于不同的城市，different“不同的”，形容词，修饰名词cities，故填C。 18．句意：梵高不确定自己的能力，但在他深爱的弟弟西奥的鼓励和支持下，他去布鲁塞尔开始学习艺术。根据“but he got the encouragement and support of his beloved brother, Theo. He went to Brussels to begin studies in art”及备选词可知，因为不确定自己的能力，所以在弟弟的鼓励下，去布鲁塞尔开始学习艺术，abilities“能力”，名词，故填A。 19．句意：如今梵高是一位举世闻名的艺术家，但他在世时并不怎么为艺术界所知。根据“Van Gogh is a world-famous artist today”及“but”可知，前后句表转折，现在是一位举世闻名的艺术家，但是在世时并不怎么出名，little“一点”，修饰动词known，故填D。 20．句意：他一生中只卖出了一幅画，但在他去世后的几年里，他的名声迅速增长。根据“He sold only one painting during his lifetime”及“but his fame grew”可知，在世时只卖出了一幅画，但是去世后，他的名声迅速增长，quickly“迅速地”，副词，修饰动词grew，故填B。 三、单词拼写 21．The (create) of this new software has changed the way we work. 【答案】creation 【详解】句意：这款新软件的创造改变了我们的工作方式。空处位于The后，of前，需要填入一个名词，作主语。create“创造”，动词，名词为creation“创造”，不可数名词。故填creation。 22．After a long search, they made a great (discover) in the forest. 【答案】discovery 【详解】句意：经过长时间的搜寻，他们在森林里有了重大发现。discover“发现”，是动词；根据“a”可知，此处应用其名词单数形式作宾语，discovery“发现”，是名词。故填discovery。 23．The (publish) of this book marks the starting point of the writer’s career. 【答案】publishment 【详解】句意：这本书的出版标志着这位作家职业生涯的起点。publish“出版”，是动词；根据“The...of this book”可知，此处表示这本书的出版，应用其名词作主语，publishment“出版”，是名词。故填publishment。 24．I cannot express my (admire) for her bravery and determination. 【答案】admiration 【详解】句意：我无法表达我对她的勇敢和决心的钦佩。根据“my”可知，空处应填名词。admire意为“钦佩”，动词，其对应名词形式为admiration，不可数名词。故填admiration。 25．The (die) of the family pet made everyone very sad, but they remembered all the happy times they had together. 【答案】death 【详解】句意：家里宠物的死让每个人都很难过，但他们记得他们在一起的所有快乐时光。分析句子结构可知，此处应用名词形式，作主语，death“死亡”符合。故填death。 26．The (science) discovered a new planet. 【答案】scientist 【详解】句意：这位科学家发现了一颗新行星。分析句子结构可知，此处需要一个名词，在句中作主语。此处是表示“人”的词汇，即“科学家”。“science”意为“科学”，“科学家”则是“scientist”，此处特指这位“科学家”，应用单数。故填scientist。 27．In English class, we read different kinds of (poet) and learned how to write our own poems. 【答案】poetry 【详解】句意：英语课上，我们读了各种各样的诗集，并学了怎样去写我们自己的诗。此处读了很多“诗”poetry，不可数名词。故填poetry。 28．I gained a lot of (weigh) during the holiday season. 【答案】weight 【详解】句意：我在假期期间体重增加了很多。a lot of意为“许多”，后接可数名词复数或不可数名词，weigh是动词，意为“称重；重量为……”，其名词形式weight表示“重量；体重”，是不可数名词，a lot of weight表示“许多体重”，故填weight。 四、完成句子 29．There are 3 boxes of books in the classroom. (改为一般疑问句) 3 boxes of books in the classroom? 【答案】 Are there 【详解】句意：教室里有三箱书。该句是There be句型，改为一般疑问句时，要把be动词提到there之前，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Are；there。 30．We went to the amusement park and had a good time riding the roller coaster.（保持句意基本不变） We went to the amusement park and riding the roller coaster. 【答案】 enjoyed ourselves 【详解】句意：我们去了游乐园，坐过山车玩得很开心。have a good time“玩得愉快”，等同于enjoy oneself“玩得愉快”，主语是we，因此反身代词应用ourselves，本句是一般过去时，谓语动词enjoy用其过去式形式enjoyed。故填enjoyed；ourselves。 31．We have a nice balcony in our flat. (改为同义句) a nice balcony in our flat. 【答案】 There is 【详解】句意：在我们的公寓，我们有一个漂亮的阳台。改为同义句，可以使用There be句型。原句时态为一般现在时，同义句的时态也为一般现在时。主语为第三人称单数的a nice balcony，be动词用is。故填There；is。 32．There are thirty lemons in the box. (对划线部分提问) in the box? 【答案】How many lemons are there 【详解】句意：盒子里有三十个柠檬。根据题干可知，句子为there be句型，划线部分为数量，且主语lemons为复数，疑问词需用how many，句首首字母h需大写，结构应为“疑问词How many+主语lemons+are there+其他?”。故填How many lemons are there。 33．the, are, just, the, His, art, like, ones, in, book, drawings（连词成句） 【答案】His drawings are just like the ones in the art book. 【详解】根据所给标点可知，应用陈述句的形式。His drawings作主语；“就像某物一样”be just like sth.；“美术书上的画”the ones in the art book，介词短语in the art book修饰the ones。本句是一般现在时，主语His drawings是复数，谓语动词用原形。His drawings作主语，are just like作谓语，the ones in the art book作宾语。故答案为：His drawings are just like the ones in the art book.“他的画和美术书上的画一样”。 五、阅读理解 About 500 years ago in China, there was a cool traveler. He spent 30 years traveling across China. He was Xu Xiake. Xu Xiake was born in Jiangsu Province. When he was a child, Xu enjoyed reading books about Chinese mountains and rivers. He decided to see them when he grew up. At that time, many kids were studying hard to become officials (官员). But Xu’s father never made him take exams. Instead, he encouraged his son to go out and get to know the world. Xu began his journey when he was about 20. Before he left, his mother made him a traveling hat to encourage him to travel. Xu traveled to 21 provinces and over 100 cities in China. He climbed thousands of mountains and visited over 350 caves. He was the first person to find the highest peak (山峰) of Huangshan Mountain. He was also the first to find lots of karst caves (喀斯特溶洞). What’s more, he found the Yangtze River’s headwater (源头). Xu traveled mostly on foot. He slept and ate in the nature. Sometimes he fell into rivers or ran into dangerous animals. But Xu was brave and enjoyed his journey. Xu kept a diary while traveling but it was not printed until his death—Travel Diaries of Xu Xiake. The book is still popular today. Being an adventurer can be very exciting. But it also takes bravery and skills. Do you want to be an adventurer? 34．According to the passage, we can know that Xu Xiake’s parents were ________. A．Interesting B．Hard-working C．Exciting D．Encouraging 35．Which of the following is TRUE about Xu Xiake? A．He met a lot of difficulties in his travels. B．He found the Yellow River’s headwater. C．His parents wanted him to be an official. D．He had few survival skills in the nature. 36．What is the correct order of the following events about Xu’s life? a.His mother made him a traveling hat. b.He decided to see the mountains and rivers in China. c.His traveling diary was printed. d.He died and his travelling ended. e.He was born in Jiangsu Province. A．e-b-a-c-d. B．d-e-a-c-b. C．e-b-a-d-c. D．d-e-a-b-c. 37．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “adventurer” in the last paragraph? A．A person who likes dangerous experience. B．A person who is excited all the time. C．A person who likes travelling a lot. D．A person who is brave and skillful. 38．We can learn from the passage that “________”. A．Man who travels far knows more B．Things of today, finished today C．Man who travels more is free D．Future starts today, not tomorrow 【答案】34．D 35．A 36．C 37．A 38．A 【导语】本文讲述了徐霞客的生平事迹。 34．细节理解题。根据第三段“Instead, he encouraged his son to go out and get to know the world.Xu began his journey when he was about 20.Before he left，his mother made him a traveling hat to encourage him to travel.”（相反，他鼓励儿子出去了解世界。徐在20岁左右开始了他的旅程。在他离开之前，他的母亲给他做了一顶旅行帽，鼓励他去旅行。）可知，根据这篇文章，我们可以知道徐霞客的父母鼓励徐霞客去旅行，了解世界。故选D。 35．推理判断题。根据第四段“Sometimes he fell into rivers or ran into dangerous animals.”（有时他会掉进河里或遇见危险的动物。）可知，他在旅行中遇到了很多困难。故选A。 36．推理判断题。根据第二段“Xu Xiake was born in Jiangsu Province.”（徐霞客出生于江苏省。）；第二段“When he was a child，Xu enjoyed reading books about Chinese mountains and rivers. He decided to see them when he grew up.”（小时候，徐霞客喜欢阅读有关中国山水的书籍。他决定长大后去看。）；第三段“Before he left, his mother made him a traveling hat to encourage him to travel.”（在他离开之前，他的母亲给他做了一顶旅行帽，鼓励他去旅行。）和第五段“Xu kept a diary while traveling but it was not printed until his death—Travel Diaries of Xu Xiake. The book is still popular today.”（徐霞客在旅行时写了日记，但直到去世才印出来。）可知，关于徐的生活，以下事件的正确顺序是e.他出生在江苏省；b.他决定去看看中国的山川；a.他妈妈给他做了一顶旅行帽；d.他死了，旅行也结束了；c.他的旅行日记被复印出来了。故选C。 37．词义猜测题。根据文章讲述徐霞客喜欢旅行和第五段“Being an adventurer can be very exciting. But it also takes bravery and skills.”（成为一名冒险家可能很令人兴奋。但这也需要勇气和技巧。）可知，最后一段带下划线的单词“adventurer”的意思是“喜欢危险经历的人”。故选A。 38．推理判断题。根据第四段“He climbed thousands of mountains and visited over 350 caves. He was the first person to find the highest peak (山峰) of Huangshan Mountain. He was also the first to find lots of karst caves (喀斯特溶洞). What’s more, he found the Yangtze River’s headwater (源头). Xu traveled mostly on foot. He slept and ate in the nature.”（他攀登了数千座山峰，参观了350多个洞穴。他是第一个发现黄山最高峰的人。他也是第一个发现许多喀斯特溶洞的人。更重要的是，他发现了长江的源头。徐大部分时间徒步旅行。他在大自然中睡觉和吃饭。）可知，我们可以从这段话中学到“走得远的人知道得更多”。故选A。 六、完形填空 Star Woman Wang Zhenyi (王贞仪) (1768—1797)    Have you ever heard of Wang Zhenyi? Perhaps most of us didn’t know this great name until she was introduced in a CCTV programme. Wang Zhenyi was a great Chinese 39 . She was born in the Qing Dynasty. At that time, girls had no chance to get a formal education. However, her father and grandfather were open-minded. They thought girls should share equal opportunities with boys. They 40 her to read the books in their home library. Wang Zhenyi educated herself and read a lot about astronomy (the study of the stars, planets, etc.), maths, geography as well as medicine. Later, she decided to 41 astronomy. In her time, many people expected the stars to tell what was going to happen. They thought certain events in the sky, such as lunar eclipses(月食) happened when gods were angry. But Wang Zhenyi thought differently. She believed in facts and observation. In order to explain those “strange” events, she did some 42 . In one, she used a round table as the Earth, a lamp as the Sun and a mirror as the Moon. She moved them around to show what 43 happens during a lunar eclipse: when the Earth is passing directly between the Sun and the Moon, the sunlight cannot reach the Moon and the Moon “disappears”. Throughout her short life, Wang Zhenyi wrote many articles about her research. In her articles, she explained difficult ideas in clear and 44 ways so that people could understand science more easily. She helped make science available to more people. 39．A．doctor B．scientist C．lawyer D．teacher 40．A．invited B．selected C．followed D．encouraged 41．A．rely on B．show off C．focus on D．talk about 42．A．exercises B．drawings C．reviews D．experiments 43．A．actually B．suddenly C．nearly D．recently 44．A．simple B．polite C．funny D．traditional 【答案】39．B 40．D 41．C 42．D 43．A 44．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了清朝著名女科学家——王贞仪。 39．句意：王贞仪是一位伟大的中国科学家。 doctor医生；scientist科学家；lawyer律师；teacher老师。根据文章最后“She helped make science available to more people.”可知，王贞仪是一位科学家。故选B。 40．句意：他们鼓励她阅读家里图书馆里的书。 invited邀请；selected选择；followed跟随；encouraged鼓励。根据上文“However, her father and grandfather were open-minded. They thought girls should share equal opportunities with boys.”可知，王贞仪的父亲和祖父思想开放，鼓励王贞仪阅读书籍；encourage sb. to do sth.“鼓励某人做某事”。故选D。 41．句意：后来，她决定专攻天文学。 rely on依赖；show off炫耀；focus on集中于，专注于；talk about谈论。根据上文“Wang Zhenyi educated herself and read a lot about astronomy (the study of the stars, planets, etc.), maths, geography as well as medicine.”可知，起初，王贞仪自学天文学、数学、地理和医学，后来她决定专注于天文学这一门学科。故选C。 42．句意：为了解释那些“奇怪”的事件，她做了一些实验。 exercises练习；drawings图纸；reviews评论；experiments实验。根据下文“she used a round table as the Earth, a lamp as the Sun and a mirror as the Moon”可知，把一张圆桌作为地球，一盏灯作为太阳，一面镜子作为月亮，这是王贞仪为解释自然现象所做的实验。故选D。 43．句意：她将它们四处移动，以展示月食期间实际发生的情况：当地球直接穿过太阳和月球之间时，阳光无法到达月球，月球“消失”。 actually实际上；suddenly突然；nearly几乎；recently最近。根据下文“when the Earth is passing directly between the Sun and the Moon…”可知，王贞仪在实验中验证月食期间实际发生的情况。故选A。 44．句意：在她的文章中，她用清晰、简单的方式解释难懂的观点，让人们更容易理解科学。 simple简单的；polite礼貌的；funny有趣的；traditional传统的。根据下文“so that people could understand science more easily”可知，王贞仪以一种简单明了的方式让人们更容易理解科学。故选A。 七、短文填空 Read the following passage and fill in the blanks with proper words. A young man asked Socrates (苏格拉底) how he became so s 45 . Socrates told the young man to meet him near the river the next morning. They met. Socrates a 46 the young man to walk with him towards the river. When the water got up to their neck, Socrates took the young man by surprise and ducked (把……按入水中) him into the water. The man struggled to get out but Socrates was strong and kept him there u 47 he started turning blue. The young man struggled hard and f 48 managed to get out and the first thing he did was to gasp (喘息) and take a deep b 49 . Socrates asked, “What did you want the most when you were there?” The man replied, “Air.” Socrates said, “That’s the secret to success. When you want success a 50 badly as you wanted air, you will get it. There is no o 51 secret.” 【答案】45．(s)uccessful 46．(a)sked 47．(u)ntil 48．(f)inally 49．(b)reath 50．(a)s 51．(o)ther 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲了一个年轻人向苏格拉底询问成功的秘诀的故事。 45．句意：一个年轻人问苏格拉底他是怎样变得如此成功的。根据后文“That’s the secret to success.”可知这名年轻人想知道成功的秘诀，也就是他想知道苏格拉底如何这么成功的。空前有系动词“became”，此空应填形容词，作表语，successful意为“成功的”，形容词，符合语境。故填(s)uccessful。 46．句意：苏格拉底让年轻人和他一起走向河边。根据首字母提示以及“...the young man to walk”可知此处为短语“ask sb to do sth”，意为“让某人做某事”；根据文章开头“A young man asked”可知本文为发生在过去的事，应用一般过去时。故填(a)sked。 47．句意：他挣扎着要出来，但苏格拉底很坚持，一直把他按在那里直到他脸色开始发青。根据“Socrates was strong and kept him there...he started turning blue.”，再结合首字母提示可知苏格拉底一直把他按在水里直到他脸色发青，until意为“直到……时”，后加句子，符合语境。故填(u)ntil。 48．句意：年轻人使劲挣扎，终于挣脱出来，他做的第一件事就是大口喘气，深呼吸。根据“The young man struggled hard and...managed to get out”可知这个年轻人使劲挣扎，终于挣脱出来。finally，副词，意为“最后，最终”，修饰后面动词“managed”，符合语境。故填(f)inally。 49．句意：年轻人使劲挣扎，终于挣脱出来，他做的第一件事就是大口喘气，深呼吸。根据“the first thing he did was to gasp (喘息) and take deep...”可知他做的第一件事就是喘气和深呼吸，短语take a deep breath，意为“深呼吸”，breath，名词，意为“呼吸”，符合语境。故填(b)reath。 50．句意：当你像渴望空气一样渴望成功时，你就会得到它。根据“...badly as you wanted air”可知此处把对空气的渴望和对成功的渴望类比，as...as意为“和……一样”，符合语境。故填(a)s。 51．句意：没有其他秘密。根据“That’s the secret to success...There is no...secret.secret.”可知，成功的秘诀就一个——渴望。没有其他秘诀。other意为“其他的”，符合语境。故填(o)ther。 八、任务型阅读 Answer the questions(根据短文内容回答下列问题) A new birthday for fairy tales On April 2, 1805, a loud cry came from a one-bedroom house in Odense, Denmark. There was a new baby in the house. The baby’s father was a shoemaker and his mother was a laundrywoman. No one knew that, years later, this baby would become the father of modern fairy tales. The baby was Hans Christian Andersen. Andersen’s father died when he was 11. The boy left school and began to work in a factory. When he was 17, he met the director of the Royal Theater in Copenhagen. With the director’s help, Andersen went back to school. He studied in a classroom with children who were six years younger than him. It was there that he began writing. Andersen’s first book of fairy tales came out in 1835. It was a big success. From then on, he wrote almost a book every year for another 37 years. In his lifetime, he wrote hundreds of fairy tales and his stories have been translated into over 100 languages. Andersen’s fairy tales always have a strong social message. According to the BBC, he wanted to teach children not to judge people by their appearances and that ordinary people can become heroes. In The Ugly Duckling, the character everyone makes fun of has inner beauty. Other stories show Andersen’s anger against his government. The Emperor’s(国王的) New Clothes is about two tailors(裁缝) who trick a very proud emperor into walking around with no clothes on. Andersen was also a gifted artist. He made thousands of paper cuttings of swans, clowns and angels. These can be seen in the book The Amazing Paper Cuttings of Hans Christian Andersen. Andersen’s stories were very important for children and are still important today. In Copenhagen’s harbor, there is a statue(雕像) of the Little Mermaid(美人鱼) from one of Andersen’s stories. Every April 2, people celebrate International Children’s Book Day. That’s because April 2 was Andersen’s birthday. 52．What did Andersen’s father do? 53．With the director’s help, Andersen went back to school, didn’t he? , . 54．When did Andersen’s first book of fairy tales come out? 55．Which fairy tale shows Andersen’s anger against his government? 56．What did Andersen want to teach children? 57．Why do people celebrate International Children’s book Day every April 2? 【答案】52．He was a shoemaker. 53． Yes he did 54．In 1835. 55．The Emperor’s New Clothes does. 56．He wanted to teach children not to judge people by their appearances and that ordinary people can become heroes. 57．Because April 2 was Andersen’s birthday. 【导语】本文讲述丹麦童话作家安徒生出生在一个贫穷的家庭，父亲去世后他就辍学了，在一个导演的帮助下他回到了学校，他的童话表现出对百姓伟大的爱，对现在的儿童影响很大。 52．根据“The baby’s father was a shoemaker”可知，安徒生的父亲是个鞋匠，故填He was a shoemaker. 53．根据“With the director’s help, Andersen went back to school.”可知，在导演的帮助下，安徒生回到了学校。故填Yes；he did。 54．根据“Andersen’s first book of fairy tales came out in 1835.”可知，安徒生的第一本童话书出版于1835年。故填In 1835. 55．根据“Other stories show Andersen’s anger against his government. The Emperor’s(国王的) New Clothes is about two tailors(裁缝) who trick a very proud emperor into walking around with no clothes on.”可知，《皇帝的新衣》表现了安徒生对政府的愤怒。故填The Emperor’s New Clothes does. 56．根据“According to the BBC, he wanted to teach children not to judge people by their appearances and that ordinary people can become heroes.”可知，据英国广播公司报道，他想教孩子们不要以貌取人，普通人也可以成为英雄。故填He wanted to teach children not to judge people by their appearances and that ordinary people can become heroes. 57．根据“Every April 2, people celebrate International Children’s Book Day. That’s because April 2 was Andersen’s birthday.”可知，每年4月2日，人们都会庆祝国际儿童读书日，那是因为4月2日是安徒生的生日。故填Because April 2 was Andersen’s birthday. 九、书面表达 58．古今中外的名人犹如一颗颗明星一般闪耀在历史的星空中。请选择一位你了解的历史名人，谈谈你对他/她的看法，60词以上。包括但不限于以下内容： ●对他/她的简要介绍； ●他/她的主要贡献； ●他/她身上值得学习的品质。 __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 Albert Einstein was a famous German scientist. He discovered the theory of relativity, which changed how we see time and space. He also came up with the famous equation E = mc2 which shows how energy and matter are related. I admire Einstein for his curiosity and bravery. He never stopped asking questions and showed us that it’s okay to think differently. He also believed in peace and used his fame to speak up for what was right. In conclusion, Albert Einstein was an amazing person who made the world a better place. We should learn to be curious, brave and kind, just like him. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ②时态：时态为一般过去时； ③提示：写作要点已给出，注意不要遗漏提示中的要点，可适当添加细节，并突出写作要点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，先写一下对他/她的简要介绍； 第二步，写一下他/她的主要贡献； 第三步，最后写一下他/她身上值得学习的品质。 [亮点词汇] ①think differently不同的方式思考 ②believed in相信 ③a better place一个更好的地方 [高分句型] ①He also came up with the famous equation E = mc2 which shows how energy and matter are related.（定语从句） ②He never stopped asking questions and showed us that it’s okay to think differently.（and连接并列成分，宾语从句） 试卷第14页，共15页 试卷第15页，共15页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ Unit 6 Famous people in history 【B卷·培优卷】 提示：紧贴新教材单元主题 一、单项选择 1．Kitty will be ________ astronaut in the future. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 2．The doctor is right. We should take ________ advice to drink warm water. A．he B．his C．him D．himself 3．My grandma will leave for New York ________ 11:00 a.m. tomorrow. A．at B．in C．on D．for 4．There ________ a large number of potential customers for the new product and the number is still climbing. A．was B．were C．is D．are 5．I never have breakfast, ________ I always have a stomach ache. A．and B．so C．but D．or 6．Tom says he has to practise ________ three time a week. A．swims B．to swim C．swim D．swimming 7．Peter ________ a fireman in ten years’ time. A．is B．is going to C．will be D．was 8．My sister Lily is ________ of the two sisters. A．tall B．the taller C．tallest D．the tallest 9．Kitty always has a cold, so she ________ take a good rest. A．should B．must C．can D．will 10．Joe’s dream is to be a doctor in the future because he wants to make sick people become ________. A．happy B．interesting C．best D．healthy 11．People usually use ________ to make clothes. A．metal B．plastic C．cotton D．clay 12．My mom ________ in Shanghai for more than five years. A．lives B．has lived C．have lived D．is living 13．Jill doesn’t like the blue T-shirt. She would rather ________ the pink one. A．to wear B．wearing C．wear D．wears 14．Miss Ma always has toothache, because she eats too ________ sweet food. A．much B．little C．many D．few 15．—Mike will probably be a policeman. —________. He always helps others. A．Yes, he agrees B．No, he doesn’t agree C．No, I don’t agree D．Yes, I agree 二、选词填空 Complete the passage with the words in the box. Each one can be used only once. A．abilities  B．quickly  C． different  D．little  E. painter  F. same Vincent Van Gogh was one of the most famous Dutch artists of the 19th century. Over the course of his 37 years, Van Gogh painted some of the most famous paintings of our time. At the age of 16, he began a career not as a 16 but as an art salesman for the firm Goupil & Cie. Van Gogh spent seven years with the firm, but became unhappy. In the following years, Van Gogh went from job to job, living in 17 cities in Europe. Van Gogh was not certain of his own 18 , but he got the encouragement and support of his beloved brother, Theo. He went to Brussels to begin studies in art. During the next 10 years, he painted 872 paintings. Van Gogh is a world-famous artist today, but he was 19 known to the art world while he was alive. He sold only one painting during his lifetime, but his fame grew 20 in the years after his death. Later Van Gogh suffered from serious depression and was sent to an asylum (精神病院). In the asylum, Van Gogh painted one of his best-known paintings—Starry Night. On July 17, 1890, Vincent Van Gogh shot himself in the chest in a wheat field. Van Gogh produced more than 2,000art works. His work was a strong influence on the modern art. 三、单词拼写 21．The (create) of this new software has changed the way we work. 22．After a long search, they made a great (discover) in the forest. 23．The (publish) of this book marks the starting point of the writer’s career. 24．I cannot express my (admire) for her bravery and determination. 25．The (die) of the family pet made everyone very sad, but they remembered all the happy times they had together. 26．The (science) discovered a new planet. 27．In English class, we read different kinds of (poet) and learned how to write our own poems. 28．I gained a lot of (weigh) during the holiday season. 四、完成句子 29．There are 3 boxes of books in the classroom. (改为一般疑问句) 3 boxes of books in the classroom? 30．We went to the amusement park and had a good time riding the roller coaster.（保持句意基本不变） We went to the amusement park and riding the roller coaster. 31．We have a nice balcony in our flat. (改为同义句) a nice balcony in our flat. 32．There are thirty lemons in the box. (对划线部分提问) in the box? 33．the, are, just, the, His, art, like, ones, in, book, drawings（连词成句） 五、阅读理解 About 500 years ago in China, there was a cool traveler. He spent 30 years traveling across China. He was Xu Xiake. Xu Xiake was born in Jiangsu Province. When he was a child, Xu enjoyed reading books about Chinese mountains and rivers. He decided to see them when he grew up. At that time, many kids were studying hard to become officials (官员). But Xu’s father never made him take exams. Instead, he encouraged his son to go out and get to know the world. Xu began his journey when he was about 20. Before he left, his mother made him a traveling hat to encourage him to travel. Xu traveled to 21 provinces and over 100 cities in China. He climbed thousands of mountains and visited over 350 caves. He was the first person to find the highest peak (山峰) of Huangshan Mountain. He was also the first to find lots of karst caves (喀斯特溶洞). What’s more, he found the Yangtze River’s headwater (源头). Xu traveled mostly on foot. He slept and ate in the nature. Sometimes he fell into rivers or ran into dangerous animals. But Xu was brave and enjoyed his journey. Xu kept a diary while traveling but it was not printed until his death—Travel Diaries of Xu Xiake. The book is still popular today. Being an adventurer can be very exciting. But it also takes bravery and skills. Do you want to be an adventurer? 34．According to the passage, we can know that Xu Xiake’s parents were ________. A．Interesting B．Hard-working C．Exciting D．Encouraging 35．Which of the following is TRUE about Xu Xiake? A．He met a lot of difficulties in his travels. B．He found the Yellow River’s headwater. C．His parents wanted him to be an official. D．He had few survival skills in the nature. 36．What is the correct order of the following events about Xu’s life? a.His mother made him a traveling hat. b.He decided to see the mountains and rivers in China. c.His traveling diary was printed. d.He died and his travelling ended. e.He was born in Jiangsu Province. A．e-b-a-c-d. B．d-e-a-c-b. C．e-b-a-d-c. D．d-e-a-b-c. 37．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “adventurer” in the last paragraph? A．A person who likes dangerous experience. B．A person who is excited all the time. C．A person who likes travelling a lot. D．A person who is brave and skillful. 38．We can learn from the passage that “________”. A．Man who travels far knows more B．Things of today, finished today C．Man who travels more is free D．Future starts today, not tomorrow 六、完形填空 Star Woman Wang Zhenyi (王贞仪) (1768—1797)    Have you ever heard of Wang Zhenyi? Perhaps most of us didn’t know this great name until she was introduced in a CCTV programme. Wang Zhenyi was a great Chinese 39 . She was born in the Qing Dynasty. At that time, girls had no chance to get a formal education. However, her father and grandfather were open-minded. They thought girls should share equal opportunities with boys. They 40 her to read the books in their home library. Wang Zhenyi educated herself and read a lot about astronomy (the study of the stars, planets, etc.), maths, geography as well as medicine. Later, she decided to 41 astronomy. In her time, many people expected the stars to tell what was going to happen. They thought certain events in the sky, such as lunar eclipses(月食) happened when gods were angry. But Wang Zhenyi thought differently. She believed in facts and observation. In order to explain those “strange” events, she did some 42 . In one, she used a round table as the Earth, a lamp as the Sun and a mirror as the Moon. She moved them around to show what 43 happens during a lunar eclipse: when the Earth is passing directly between the Sun and the Moon, the sunlight cannot reach the Moon and the Moon “disappears”. Throughout her short life, Wang Zhenyi wrote many articles about her research. In her articles, she explained difficult ideas in clear and 44 ways so that people could understand science more easily. She helped make science available to more people. 39．A．doctor B．scientist C．lawyer D．teacher 40．A．invited B．selected C．followed D．encouraged 41．A．rely on B．show off C．focus on D．talk about 42．A．exercises B．drawings C．reviews D．experiments 43．A．actually B．suddenly C．nearly D．recently 44．A．simple B．polite C．funny D．traditional 七、短文填空 Read the following passage and fill in the blanks with proper words. A young man asked Socrates (苏格拉底) how he became so s 45 . Socrates told the young man to meet him near the river the next morning. They met. Socrates a 46 the young man to walk with him towards the river. When the water got up to their neck, Socrates took the young man by surprise and ducked (把……按入水中) him into the water. The man struggled to get out but Socrates was strong and kept him there u 47 he started turning blue. The young man struggled hard and f 48 managed to get out and the first thing he did was to gasp (喘息) and take a deep b 49 . Socrates asked, “What did you want the most when you were there?” The man replied, “Air.” Socrates said, “That’s the secret to success. When you want success a 50 badly as you wanted air, you will get it. There is no o 51 secret.” 八、任务型阅读 Answer the questions(根据短文内容回答下列问题) A new birthday for fairy tales On April 2, 1805, a loud cry came from a one-bedroom house in Odense, Denmark. There was a new baby in the house. The baby’s father was a shoemaker and his mother was a laundrywoman. No one knew that, years later, this baby would become the father of modern fairy tales. The baby was Hans Christian Andersen. Andersen’s father died when he was 11. The boy left school and began to work in a factory. When he was 17, he met the director of the Royal Theater in Copenhagen. With the director’s help, Andersen went back to school. He studied in a classroom with children who were six years younger than him. It was there that he began writing. Andersen’s first book of fairy tales came out in 1835. It was a big success. From then on, he wrote almost a book every year for another 37 years. In his lifetime, he wrote hundreds of fairy tales and his stories have been translated into over 100 languages. Andersen’s fairy tales always have a strong social message. According to the BBC, he wanted to teach children not to judge people by their appearances and that ordinary people can become heroes. In The Ugly Duckling, the character everyone makes fun of has inner beauty. Other stories show Andersen’s anger against his government. The Emperor’s(国王的) New Clothes is about two tailors(裁缝) who trick a very proud emperor into walking around with no clothes on. Andersen was also a gifted artist. He made thousands of paper cuttings of swans, clowns and angels. These can be seen in the book The Amazing Paper Cuttings of Hans Christian Andersen. Andersen’s stories were very important for children and are still important today. In Copenhagen’s harbor, there is a statue(雕像) of the Little Mermaid(美人鱼) from one of Andersen’s stories. Every April 2, people celebrate International Children’s Book Day. That’s because April 2 was Andersen’s birthday. 52．What did Andersen’s father do? 53．With the director’s help, Andersen went back to school, didn’t he? , . 54．When did Andersen’s first book of fairy tales come out? 55．Which fairy tale shows Andersen’s anger against his government? 56．What did Andersen want to teach children? 57．Why do people celebrate International Children’s book Day every April 2? 九、书面表达 58．古今中外的名人犹如一颗颗明星一般闪耀在历史的星空中。请选择一位你了解的历史名人，谈谈你对他/她的看法，60词以上。包括但不限于以下内容： ●对他/她的简要介绍； ●他/她的主要贡献； ●他/她身上值得学习的品质。 __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试卷第6页，共7页 试卷第7页，共7页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$