Unit 3 Section Ⅳ 单元写作(练案)-【成才之路】2024-2025学年高中新课程英语选择性必修第四册同步学习指导(人教版2019)

练案[12] UNIT 3 SEA EXPLORATION Section IV 单元写作 【,阅读理解 everyday lives.About half of them walk or bike to work. (2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)Inside the office,they encourage recycling and waste We all know fresh is best when it comes to food.reduction by limiting garbage cans and avoiding single- However,most produce at the store went through weeks use plastic."We are passionate about reducing waste, of travel and covered hundreds of miles before reaching carbon and chemicals in our environment,"said a BMF the table.While farmer's markets are a solid choice to employee. reduce the journey,Babylon Micro-Farm BMF)1.What can be learned about BMF from Paragraph 1? shortens it even more. BMF is an indoor garden system.It can be set up A.It guarantees the variety of food. for a family.Additionally,it could serve a larger B.It requires day-to-day care. audience such as a hospital,restaurant or school.The C.It cuts the farm-to-table distance. innovative design requires little effort to achieve a D.It relies on farmer's markets. reliable weekly supply of fresh greens. 2.What information does the convenient app offer? Specifically.it's a farm that relies on new technology.By connecting through the Cloud,BMF is A.Real-time weather changes. remotely monitored.Also,there is a convenient app that B.Current condition of the plants. provides growing data in real time.Because the system C.Chemical pollutants in the soil. is automated,it significantly reduces the amount of D.Availability of pre-seeded pods. water needed to grow plants.Rather than watering rows 3.What can be concluded about BMF employees? of soil,the system provides just the right amount to each plant.After harvest,users simply replace the plants A.They have a great passion for sports. with a new pre-seeded pod(容器)to get the next B.They are devoted to community service. growth cycle started. C.They are fond of sharing daily experiences. Moreover,having a system in the same building D.They have a strong environmental awareness. where it's eaten means zero emissions (from 4.What does the text mainly talk about? transporting plants from soil to salad.In addition, A.BMF's major strengths. there's no need for pesticides and other chemicals that B.BMFs general management. pollute traditional farms and the surrounding C.BMFs global influence. environment. D.BMFs technical standards. BMF employees live out sustainability in their Ⅱ，七选五 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 (2024·安徽省阜阳市高二期中) When the British poet Alfred Lord Tennyson described nature as "red in tooth and claw",he was telling us that the natural world can be cruel as well as beautiful.1. Most people living in urban areas rarely encounter wild animals in their natural surroundings.2.And they are willing to get close to them.But for wild animals,it is "eat or be eaten,"and they can't distinguish -209 between humans and other animals. 3.In Canadian woods lives a dog-like animal,coyote,which is a little bigger than a fox,but smaller than a wolf.They usually avoid humans,but the occasional attacks can be deadly.Every year,one or two people end up getting killed by coyotes. Earlier this year,a herd of elephants in Yunnan left their home in the Xishuangbanna National Nature Reserve and went on a meandering journey through the province.They destroyed crops and buildings along the way.Villages in their path had to be evacuated because of the potential dangers they posed to villagers.Animal experts haven't determined why the elephants went on their journey.4.The wild animals we love are in a constant struggle for survival.Our expanding into the natural habitats of wild animals can be dangerous for the animals and then us humans as well. Maybe we should try to stay away from them.5.Their lives-red in tooth and claw-are difficult enough without us causing them any more problems than they already have. A.A walk in the woods can be dangerous. B.It is a way to protect the wild animals,and it's also our responsibility. C.In Canada,people have a more realistic attitude towards wild animals. D.In simple terms,we should try to keep proper distance from wild animals. E.Hence they misunderstand that wild animals are just as friendly as Disney characters. F.Thanks to active environmental conservation,the number of the elephants grew larger. G.A reasonable possibility is that they probably needed more room and more food to survive. Ⅲ，完形填空 Anuar Abdullah is a 61-year-old diving instructor in 1.A.teaching B.diving Malaysia.When he isn't 1.he's back out in the water C.learning D.reporting 2.,studying,and restoring coral reefs(珊瑚礁) 2.A.picking B.judging C.describing D.observing Now,as climate change becomes an 3. threat,3.A.early B.artificial governments,corporations,and others are coming to him C.apparent D.uncertain for 4. 4.A.help B.money D.honor Abdullah has no degree in marine biology or 5. C.power 5.A.temporary B.formal training-just an amount of experience.In just the past decade, C.natural D.complex thousands have 6.to him to learn how to grow corals,and 6.A.devoted B.led he now has around 700 volunteers 7.and has already C.backed D.traveled restored hundreds of acres of coral reefs. 7.A.at once B.at first C.in demand D.in action In 2017,Thailand's government asked Abdullah to 8. 8.A.initiate B.evaluate the recovery of one of its most famous tourist attractions,Maya C.highlight D.justify Bay,because it had 9.half its coral population.10. 9.A.regained B.lost were kept out of the site for three years while Abdullah led a C.increased D.removed 10.A.Visitors B.Researchers team of 120 people in 11.new corals. C.Volunteers D.Officials In 2021,after Typhoon Rai,the island of Cebu in the 11.A.guarding B.decorating Philippines asked Abdullah to save what was 12.of the C.planting D.maintaining shoreline's coral reefs.And earlier this year,Abdullah launched 12.A.hidden B.left C.preserved D.ruined -210 a new effort to build the world's largest coral nursery in the Red 13.A.contest B.presentation Sea.There was a 13.on the nursery at the U.N.climate C.course D.topic change summit(峰会)，COP27,but Abdullah did not attend.He 14.A.witnesses B.records C.schedules D.hates 14. conferences,he says.And he had 15.to do. 15.A.interviews B.trips C.work D.trade V.语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 For decades,commuters traveling by train between London and Paris 1. (have)one option:trains operated by Eurostar.Now,another rail start-up,Evolyn,is planning 2. (launch)a high-speed rail service under the English Channel,3. (give)tourists more options in how they move between the two European capitals.It will be fully operational by 2026.The company has not released details about fares,schedules oron-board amenities(便利设施). "More competition for Eurostar can only be a good thing.4. hopeful),it'll mean lower prices, better services and a wider variety of European destinations for 5. traveler)in London and the rest of the United Kingdom,"an Evolyn spokesperson says. More broadly,train travel is on the rise in Europe.Many European leaders see boosting rail travel as 6 critical step toward human-caused climate change,since trains typically have 7. (few) greenhouse gas emissions than planes.Last year,short-haul domestic flights between destinations within 2.5-hour or less 8. (ban)in France. “9. the demand for green mobility is growing,yet we need the rail market to respond much better and much faster,especially for long and cross-border journeys,"said Adina Valean,European commissioner for transport,10. a statement in January. V.应用文写作 最近，你校同学正在参加校英文报组织的一场 主题为“是否应该限制对海洋的开发”的讨论，以下 是你所在班级的讨论情况。请你用英语写一篇短 文，反映讨论结果。 1.海洋资源开发技术不成熟，造成资源 的严重破坏： 应该 2.过度开发造成了海洋环境及生态系 统的破坏。 1,陆地资源严重匮乏： 不应该 2.开发海洋资源有助于推动经济发展。 你的观点 注意：写作词数应为80左右。 -211练案[12] 5. B 上文“Maybe we should try to stay away from them.(也许我 们应该尽量远离它们。)”提议应尽量远离野生动物;下文 I.语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了BabylonMicro- “Their lives-red in tooth and claw-are difficult enough without Fam(BMF)这一室内花园系统的特点和优势。 us causing them any more problems than they already have.(它们 1.C 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“However,most produce al 的生活--残酷无情--已经够艰难的了,不用我们再给它 the store... shortens it even more.”可知,BMF缩短了农产品从 们制造更多的麻烦。)”提到了“我们应该尽量远离野生动物 农场到餐桌的距离。故选C。 的原因。由此可推知设空处是在进一步解释为什么需要远离 2.B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的”Also,there isa convenient 野生动物。B项(这是保护野生动物的一种方式,也是我们 app that provides growing data in real time.(此外,还有一个方 的责任。)恰好与上下文对应。故选B 便的应用程序,可以实时提供生长数据。)”可知,这个方便的 III.语篇解读:本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲的是AnuarAbdullah 手机应用程序提供了植物生长的实时数据。故选B。 帮助修复珊瑚礁的事迹。 3.D 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知,BMF员工在日常 1.A 考查动词词义辨析。句意:当他不教学的时候,他就会回 生活中践行可持续发展的理念,如步行或骑自行车上班、鼓励 到水中观察、研究和修复珊瑚础。根据上文”a61-year-old 回收和减少浪费等。由此可推知,他们具有很强的环保意识 diving instructor”可知,他教潜水。A. teaching教;B. diving潜 故选D. 4.A 主旨大意题。浏览全文内容可知,本文主要介绍了BMF 水;C.leaming学习;D.reporting报道。故选A。 2.D 考查动词词义辨析。句意:当他不教学的时候,他就会回 的特点和优势,包括缩短农产品从农场到餐桌的距离、利用新 技术实现远程监控和自动化灌慨、具有环保优势等。结合选 到水中观察、研究和修复珊瑚礁。根据下文“studying,and 项,A项(BMF的主要优势。),可概括文章主旨。故选A。 restoringcoralreefs(珊瑚礁)”可知,当他不教学的时候,他就 II.语篇解读:本文是一篇议论文。文章开篇借由英国诗人 会回到水中观察、研究和修复珊瑚礁。A.picking捡;B. Alfred LordTennyson的话“残酷无情”,引出观点:我们应尽量与 judging判断;C.describing描述;D. observing观察。故选D 野生动物保持距离。接着以加拿大森林里的土狼和云南大象迁 3.C 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:现在,随着气候变化成为一 徙为例进行论证,告诚我们应当远离这些动物的生活,这是保护 个明显的威胁,政府、公司和其他人都向他寻求帮助。根据空 它们的一种方式,也是我们的责任。 后政府、公司和其他人都向他寻求帮助,可知气候变化成为一 1.D 设空处位于段末,应具有总结前文的作用。上文“When 个明显的威胁。A. early早期的;B. artificial人造的;C. the British poet Alfred Lord Tennyson described nature as 'red in apparent明显的;D. uncertain不确定的。故选C。 tooth and claw', he was telling us that the natural world can be 4.A:考查名词词义辨析。句意:现在,随着气候变化成为一个 cruel as wellas beautiful.(当英国诗人阿尔弗雷德·丁尼生将 明显的威胁,政府、公司和其他人都向他寻求帮助。根据上文 自然描述为,残酷无情'时,他是在告诉我们,自然界可残酷 随着气候变化成为一个明显的威胁,政府、公司和其他人都向 可美丽。)”提到了英国诗人的话,但此处尚未表明作者自己 他寻求帮助。根据第三段中“...thousandshave6. to 的观点,由此可推知,设空处是作者在总结前文并表明自己的 him to learn how to grow corals, and he now has around 700 观点。D项(简单地说,我们应该尽量与野生动物保持适当 volunteers 7. and has already restored hundreds of acres of 的距离。)恰好能总结前文内容,又表达了作者自己的观点, coral reefs.”可知,他知道如何种植珊瑚,人们向他求助。A. 符合语境。故选D。 help帮助;B. money钱;C. power力量;D. honor荣誉。故选A。 2.E 上文“Most people living in urban areas rarely encounter wild 5. B 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:Abdullah没有海洋生物学学 animals in their natural surroundings.(大多数生活在城市地区 位,也没有接受过正规培训,只是有一定的经验。根据上文 的人很少在自然环境中遇到野生动物。)”提到了大多数生活 “...has no degree in marine biology or...”可知, Abdullah 没有 在城市的人很少遇到野生动物;根据下文“Andthey are willing 接受过正规培训。A. temporary暂时的;B.formal正式的; to get close to them. But for wild animals, it is 'eat or be eaten,' C. natural自然的;D.complex复杂的。故选B。 and they can't distinguish between humans and other animals.(他6. D 考查动词词义辨析。句意:在过去的十年里,成千上万的 们愿意接近野生动物。但对于野生动物来说,这是‘要么吃, 人去他那里学习如何种植珊瑚,现在他有大约700名志愿者 要么被吃',它们无法区分人类和其他动物。)”可推知,人们 接近这些野生动物,是因为没有正确的认知。E项(因此,他 在行动,已经恢复了数百英亩的珊瑚礁。根据上文 们误以为野生动物和迪士尼角色一样友好。)一方面与下文 “governments, corporations, and others are coming to him. .."可 “And they are willing to get close to them.(他们愿意接近野生 知,成千上万的人去他那里学习如何种植珊瑚,traveltos.意 动物。)”构成因果关系,另一方面也与下文“野生动物的反 为“去找某人”。A. devoted奉献;B. led引导;C. backed倒退; 应”对应。故选E。 D. traveled移动,旅行。故选D. 3.A 设空处位于段首,应具有概述下文的作用。此处段首提及 7.D 考查固定短语辨析。句意:在过去的十年里,成千上万的 的内容与森林有关。A项(在树林里散步可能很危险。)提到 人去他那里学习如何种植珊瑚,现在他有大约700名志愿者 了在森林里散步也可能很危险,恰好与下文提及的加拿大森 在行动,已经恢复了数百英亩的珊瑚礁。根据下文“has 林对应;而下文内容正是本句话的原因支撑。故选A。 already restored hundreds of aeres of coral reefs"可知,现在他有 4. G 上文"Animal experts haven't determined why the elephants 大约700名志愿者在行动,已经恢复了数百英亩的珊瑚礁。 went ontheir journey.(动物专家还没有确定大象为什么继续 A. at once 立刻;B. at first起初;C. in demand非常需要的:D. in 它们的旅程。)”提到了动物专家还没确定这些大象迁徙的原 action在行动。故选D 因是什么:下文“The wild animals we love are in a constant 8.A 考查动词词义辨析。句意:2017年,泰国政府要求 struggle for survival.(我们所爱的野生动物一直在为生存而奋 Abdullah开始恢复该国最著名的旅游景点之一玛雅湾,因为 斗。)”提到了这些野生动物一直在为生存而奋斗;由此可推 那里的珊瑚数量已经减少了一半。根据宾语“the recoveryof 知,设空处可能是在谈这些大象迁徙的潜在原因。G项(一 one of its most famous tourist attractions, Maya Bay"可知,“启 个合理的可能性是,它们可能需要更多的空间和更多的食物 动”符合语境。A. initiate启动;B. evaluate 评估;C. highlight突 来生存。)提到了其中一个合理的可能性,就是它们需要更多 出;D. justify为.....辩解。故选A。 的生存空间和食物,恰好与下文的”ina constant struggle for 9.B 考查动词词义辨析。句意:2017年,泰国政府要求 survival"对应。故选G Abdullah开始恢复该国最著名的旅游景点之一玛雅湾,因为 -265一 那里的珊瑚数量已经减少了一半。根据上文“therecoveryof 词,句中用的单数,故前应用不定冠词修饰,critical为辅音音 one of its most famous tourist attractions”可知,那里的珊瑚数量 素开头,用a修饰。故填a。 已经“失去”了一半,符合语境。A.regained恢复;B. lost失去; 7.fewer 考查形容词比较级。句意:许多欧洲领导人认为,促进 C. increased增加:D. removed去除。故选 B. 铁路旅行是应对人为气候变化的关键一步,因为火车通常比 10.A 考查名词词义辨析。句意:在Abdullah带领120人的团 飞机排放的温室气体少。分析句子结构可知,设空处修饰名 队种植新珊瑚期间,游客被禁止进入该地点3年。设空后的 词emissions意为“排放”为可数名词,又根据后文的than可知 the site 指的是前文的“one of its most famous tourist 用比较级。故填fewer。 alttactions,Maya Bay”,故团队修复该地时,visitors(游客)被 8. were banned 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:去 禁止进入恰当。A.Visitors游客;B. Researehers研究者; 年,2.5小时以内的国内短涂航班在法国被禁止。分析句子结 C. Volunteers志愿者;D. Officials官员。故选A。 构可知,ban作本句谓语,主语是flights为复数,和ban之间是 11.C 考查动词词义辨析。句意:在Abdullah带领120人的团 被动关系,用被动语态,根据时间状语Lastyear可知,用一般 队种植新珊瑚期间,游客被禁止进入该地点3年。根据上文 过去时,故填werebanned。 “it had9. half its coral population”可知,要修复那个景点 9. While/Although/Though考查状语从句。句意:“虽然对绿色 就要种珊瑚。A. guarding保I;B. decorating 装饰;C. planting 交通的需求正在增长,但我们需要铁路市场做出更好、更快的 种植;D. maintaining保持。故选C。 反应,尤其是对于长途和跨境旅行,”欧盟交通专员阿迪娜· 12.B 考查动词词义辨析。句意:2021年,台风Bai过后,菲律 瓦菜恩(AdinaValean)在1月份的一份声明中表示。分析句 宾宿务岛要求Abdullah拯救海岸线上仅存的珊瑚礁。根据 子结构可知,设空处引导状语从句,根据句意,前后句构成让 上文“afterTyphoonRai”可知,拯救海岸线上“剩下的”珊瑚 步关系,设空处位于句首,首字母应大写。故填While/ 礁,符合语境。A. hidden躲藏;B. left留下;C. preserved保 Although/Though. 存;D.rined破坏。故选B 10.in 考查介词。句意:“虽然对绿色交通的需求正在增长,但 13.B 考查名词词义辨析。句意:在联合国气候变化峰会 我们需要铁路市场做出更好、更快的反应,尤其是对于长途 COP27上有一个关于这个苗的报告,但Abdullah没有参 和跨境旅行,”欧盟交通专员阿迪娜·瓦菜恩(AdinaValean) 加。根据下文“conferences”可知,在联合国气候变化峰会 在1月份的一份声明中表示。分析句子结构可知,ina COP27上有一个关于这个苗的报告。A.contest比赛; statement意为“在一份声明中”。故填in。 B. presentation报告;C. course 课程;D. topie题目。故选B。 V.参考范文: 14.D 考查动词词义辨析。句意:他说,他讨厌开会。根据上文 We had a discussjon about whether sea, exploration should be “Abdullahdidnot attend”可知,他讨厌开会。A. witnesses目 limited and our opinions are divided. 击;B. records记录;C. schedules安排;D. hates讨厌。故选D Most of us think it should be limited. First, the technology of 15.C 考查名词词义辨析。句意:他有工作要做。根据上文 developing marine resources isn't mature enough, causing serious “Abdullah didnot attend"和下文设空处的定语“to do”可知. i destruction and waste of marine resourees. Second, overexploitation 他没有参加报告会,是因为有工作要做。A.interviews面试; : has eaused great damage to the marine environment and ecosvstem. B. trips旅行;C. work工作;D. trade贸易。故选C. However, those who hold the opposite opinion think there is IV.语篇解读:本文是一篇新闻报道,报道了一家铁路初创公司 serious shortage of resources on the earth, making it necessary to Evolyn正计划在英吉利海峡下开通一条高速铁路服务,为游客 explore the sea and find new resources, which will drive eoonomic 在两个欧洲首都之间提供更多选择。 development. 1.havehad 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意:几十年来,在 In my opinion, we should continue sea exploration on condition : that we take measures to protect the sea. 伦较和巴黎之间乘坐火车的通勤者只有一个选择:欧洲之星 运营的火车。分析句子结构可知,ve作本句的谓语,根据时 练案[13] 间状语For decades可知,用现在完成时,主语是commuters为 复数。故填havehad. 2.tolaunch 考查非谓语动词。句意:现在,另一家铁路初创公 I. 1. chemist 2. uniform 3. platform 4. parcel 5. dust 6. chorus 7. forehead 8. rigid 9. housing 10. secondary 司Evolyn正计划在英吉利海峡下开通一条高速铁路服务,为 II. 1. had 2. to get 3. to mention 4. wrinkling 5. have been 游客在两个欧洲首都之间提供更多选择。分析句子结构可 told 6. where 7. a 8. dragged 9. living 10. to 知,planto do sth.意为“计划做某事”。故填to launch. 3.giving 考查非谓语动词。句意:现在,另一家铁路初创公司 III. 1. To be honest 2. the other day 3. come across 4. participate in 5. make a difference 6. adapt to Evolyn正计划在英吉利海峡下开通一条高速铁路服务,为游 7. not to mention 8. a chorus of 客在两个欧洲首都之间提供更多选择。分析句子结构可知. 二_ 本句谓语动词isplanning,所以give用非谓语形式,表示顺其 1.语篇解读:本文是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍了旧金山湾区捷 自然的结果,用现在分词。故填giving。 4. Hopefully 考查副词。句意:希望这意味着更低的价格、更好的小亭,供乘客选择并打印出1分钟、3分钟或5分钟的故事或 运系统(BART)推出的一项创新服务:在车站内设置了一个特别 的服务,以及伦敦和英国其他地区的游客有更多的欧洲目的 1诗歌,旨在提升乘车体验 地。分析句子结构可知,设空处修饰空后整个句子,应用副词 1.C 推理判断题。根据第一至三段内容可知,现在仍有很多乘 修饰,位于句首,首字母应大写。故填Hopefully。 客喜欢阅读纸质材料,尤其当他们在火车站候车或乘坐火车 5.travelers 考查名词复数。句意:希望这意味着更低的价格 时,有时候会忘记带阅读材料;BART推出的这项创新服务会 更好的服务,以及伦教和英国其他地区的游客有更多的欧洲 给乘客提供不同长度的短篇故事或诗歌,让其在候车或乘车 目的地。分析句子结构可知,设空前是介词,所以设空处应填 时阅读。由此可推知,BART开展这个小亭项目的主要目的 名词作宾语,根据句意,此处用复数形式。故填travelers。 是为了满足乘客的需求,提升他们的乘车体验。故选C。 6.a 考查冠词。句意:许多欧洲领导人认为,促进铁路旅行是 2.B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的”you'llseea kioskthat is lit 应对人为气候变化的关键一步,因为火车通常比飞机排放的 up and it tells you can get a one-minute, a three-minute, or a 温室气体少。分析句子结构可知,step意为“步”,为可数名 five-minute story(你会看到一个亮着灯的报刊亭,它告诉你可 -266-