Unit 3 Section Ⅲ Using Language(练案)-【成才之路】2024-2025学年高中新课程英语选择性必修第四册同步学习指导(人教版2019)

练案[11] UNIT 3 SEA EXPLORATION Section III Using Language 一、语言基础训练 I.完成句子 I.单词拼写 1.他一点也不善良,所以我们不得不快点离开。 He 1. The worst thing you can do is underestimate an so we had to (对手). leave fast. 2. Moderm technology is good enough to 2.这位著名的网球运动员有毅力。 (开发) all the sea resources. The famous tennis player 3. Your commit message should be at the top of the great perseverance. (日志). 3.一阵不寻常的嘈杂声吸引了他的注意。 4. The new An unusual noise (海的) reserve,now the 4.西湖是如此的美丽,它每年吸引数以百万计的 largest in the Pacific, will permit no fishing or 游客。 mining. The West Lake is 5. The security forces have extensive powers of search attracts millions of visitors every year. and (速捕). 5.我突然想起来我把她的生日忘了。 6. The police suspected there may be a link between the It occurred to me two (凶杀). that I had forgotten her birthday. 7. She is a kind-hearted woman and often has 二、培优提升训练 (怜悯) on people who are in trouble. I.阅读理解 II. 单句语法填空 (2024·浙江省杭州市高三二模) interrupted by stormy 1. His speech was frequently Any schoolchild knows that a whale breathes (applaud). through its blowhole. Fewer know that a blowhole is a 2. He said that large amounts of money nostril(鼻孔) slightly changed by evolution into a form (spend) on the bridge. more useful for a mammal that spends its life at sea. (save) 3. Evervone should take action And only a dedicated expert would know that while the animals in great danger. toothed whales, such as sperm whales, have one hole 4. The police are searching for the baleen(鲸须)whales,such as humpback and Rice (murder) everywhere. whales, have two. 5. The ( mercy) king saved the young Even among the baleen whales, the placing of officers from death. those nostrils differs. In some species they are close together. In others, they are much further apart. In a 6. They loaded the car with their paper published in Biology Letters Conor Ryan, a (possess). 7. He marine biologist at the Scottish Association for Marine (arrest) by policemen for theft. Science, suggests why that might be. Having two 8. Details of the crime (log) in the nostrils, he argues, helps whales smell in stereo(立体 computer, and you can get it at any time. 空间). 9. These new orders for our manufactures will mean Many types of baleen whales eat tiny animals (work) overtime. known as zooplankton(浮游动物),which they catch 10. They talked the persons and by filtering(过滤) them from seawater using the sheets things that we all knew. of fibrous baleen that have replaced teeth in their -206- mouths. But to eat something you first have to find it. 1. What do we know about whales' nostrils according to Toothed whales do not hunt by scent. In fact, the the first two paragraphs? olfactory bulb-the part of the brain that processes A. They are adapted ones. smell-is absent in such creatures. But baleen whales B. They are developed merely for smell. still have olfactory bulbs. which suggests smell remains C. They are not easy to detect. important. And scent can indeed give zooplankton away D. They are fixed universally in numbers. Zooplankton like to eat other tiny creatures called 2. What plays a role when baleen whales hunt zooplankton? phytoplankton(浮游植物). When these are under attack, they release a special gas called dimethyl A. The teeth that baleen whales have. sulphide, which in turn attracts baleen whales. B. The smell that phvtoplankton send. Most animals have stereoscopie senses. Having two C. The sound waves that zooplankton create. eyes, for instance, allows an animal to compare the D. The chemical signals that zooplankton give off images from each in order to perceive depth. Having two 3. How is the concept of stereoscopic senses explained ears lets them locate the direction from which a sound is coming. Dr Ryan theorized that paired blowholes might in Paragraph 4? bring baleen whales the same sorts of benefits. A. By quoting a theory. The farther apart the sensory organs are, the more B. Bv using examples. information can be extracted by the animal that bears C. By making contrast. them. The researchers used drones to photograph the D. By making inferences. nostrils of 143 whales belonging to 14 different species 4. What is the position of nostrils related to according to Sure enough, baleen whales that often eat zooplankton. the last paragraph? such as the North Atlantic right whale, have nostrils A. The sense of smell. that are farther apart than do those. such as humpback B. The possibility to attract food whales, that eat zooplankton occasionally. Besides C. The ability to locate food. allowing them to breathe. it seems that some whales use D. The ability to communicate. their blowholes to determine in which direction dinner lies. II.语法填空 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 (2024·山东威海市高三二模) Every year for over a millennium, fishermen have braved the subzero temperatures, biting winds and deep snow to search for 1. underwater fortune at Chagan Lake-one of the biggest freshwater lakes in our country. Chagan is the only place in China. 2. you can still find fishermen using a Mongolian fishing method that dates back centuries and has 3. (bare) changed over time. Holes are drilled in the ice 4 (lower) a 2-kilometer-long net into position underwater. Once it fills up with fish, the net is pulled out of the water using a giant wheel 5. (turn) by Mongolian horses. The largest fish in the 6. ( season)first catch is believed to be lucky, and will go to the highest bidder at the auction(拍卖). To ensure that this tradition can continue 7. damaging the lake's ecology, fishermen keep nature in mind throughout the process. 8. (avoid) the use of modern vehicles helps reduce the chance of polluting the lake water, and the number of fish that can 9. ( catch) is capped to ensure that there will be fish for years to come. -207- Also, over the past few years, the money from the auction has been invested into protecting the lake and surrounding environment. And during the summer, private fishing without 10. ( permit) is strictly prohibited. These preservative measures have kept the tradition alive for thousands of years and certainly will be passed on to future generations. III.读后续写 阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语waiting to wishAllena happybirthday. 续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。 注意: (2024·江苏省南京市、盐城市高三模拟) 1.续写词数应为150左右; When we are little kids, birthday parties are 2.请按如下格式作答。 momentous occasions. They are our time to shine, and There, a party was waiting for him we love everything about them: the balloons, the games. the cake, the gifts, and so on After reading cool stories about police officers solving mvsteries, Allen Miller thought the police were awesome, hoping to become one of them! So, when he had to choose a theme for his seventh birthday party- he went with his favorite: the police! And all he wanted for his birthday party was a model police car. He excitedly invited some of his friends and anxiously awaited the day: Unfortunately, none of them eould make it to the party due to various reasons. Allen's mom Rachel wrestled with the challenging decision: should she cancel the party and save Allen the embarrassment of an empty party room? He had been looking forward to the party and talking about it daily, so it would break his heart to cancel it After they enjoved the cake, Officer Smith took out Officer Frank Smith, who had already planned with a gift bag. Rachel and agreed to show up at the party, heard from Rachel that it might be canceled due to low attendance. That's when he decided to save the dav-he is a police officer after all! His duty is to serve and protect, and he decided to protect Allen from having a bad day, and serve him the most amazing seventh birthday party! Officer Smith got the whole local police to join in.“We like to be involved in our community. It's not just abou enforcing(执行) the law. We like to be there in the good times as well." he explained to Rachel. On the day of Allen's party. Officer Smith picked up Rachel and Allen in his police car. The boy didn't know where they were going, but was excited. They stopped at Town Hall. and officer Smith led them into the meeting room where a group of policemen were -208-s可cech与tite“命名”之间是被动关系，作定语修饰sech。故Ⅱ.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。主要描述了在中国查干湖」 填titled。 一个拥有上千年历史的传统捕鱼方式 6.1iimy考查副词。句意：最初，他们取消了动物表演，这通1.n考查冠词。句意：一千多年来，每年，渔民们都目着零下 常是动物园的经济支柱。此空需要一个副词来修饰整个句 的温度，刺骨的寒风和厚厚的积雪，到查干湖一我国最大的 子，表示“最初”，因此将initial变为副词initially,作状语。故 淡水湖之 一一寻找水下财富。fortune为可数名词，此处表 填Initially 示泛指，且underwater发音以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词an 7.xig考查形容同。句意：随后，他们改造了公同的景观 修饰。故填an。 巧妙利用红山现有的山地地形来复制野生动物的自然栖息 2.we考查定语从句。句意：查干湖是中国唯一一个你仍然 地。分析句子成分可知，设空处要用形容词xisting(现存 可以找到渔民使用蒙古捕鱼方法的地方，这种捕鱼方法可以 的)，来修饰terrain“地形”。故填existing 追溯到几个世纪以前，几乎没有改变过。分析句子成分可知， 8.be housed考查动词语态。句意：此外，他们引人了“多层别 设空处引导定语从句修饰先行词心e,在定语从句中作地点 墅”，属于同一生态区但不处于食物链底部的动物可以根据它 状语.故用关系副词whee引导。故填whee 们的生态和地理分布共同居住。分析句子结构可知，wh℃引 :3.barely考查副词。句意l同上。修饰动i词has changed需用副 导的定语从句中，animals与huse(安置，容纳)为被动关系， 词barely,作状语。故填barely。 因此使用过去分词.谓语情态动问can后，用e housed。故填：4.o lower考查非谓语动词。句意：在冰面上钻洞，将一个2公 be housed. 里长的网放人水下。分析句子成分可知，此处应用不定式作 9.考查介词。句意：该动物园已崛起为中国最关爱动物的 目的状语.表示“为了将网放入水下位置”。故填to lower 动物园。emerge as意为“成为”。故填as。 5.tmd考查非谓语动词。句意：一且网里装满了鱼，就会用 10.ut考查连同。句意：在尊重动物尊严与为游客提供愉悦 蒙古马转动的巨大轮子把网拉出水面。分析句子成分可知. 体验之间找到平衡是一项艰巨的任务，而沈的团队已经成功 设空处应用非谓语动词作定语，修饰名词“wh”,表示“被蒙 做到了这一点。结合语境可知，设空处前后两个句子为转折 古马驱动的轮子”，weel与um之间为逻辑动宾关系，故用过 关系。故填t 去分词作定语。故填tmed 练案[11] 6.s进sms考查名同所有格。句意：这个季节第一次捕获的最 大的鱼被认为是幸运的，它将在拍卖中被出价最高的人买走。 一、 此处应用名词所有格作定语，修饰名词“cah”,表示“这个季 I.1.opponent 2.exploit 3.log 4.marine 5.arrest 节的捕获物”。故填on's 6.murders 7.mercy 7.without考查介词。句意：为了确保这一传统能够在不破坏 II.1.applause 2.were spent 3.to save 4.murderer 湖泊生态的情况下继续下去，渔民们在整个过程中都牢记着 5.merciful 6.possessions 7.was arrested 8.are logged 自然。表示“没有"应用介词without。.故填without. 9.working 10.of 8.Avoiding考查非谓语动词。句意：避免使用现代交通工具有 Ill.1.had no merey 2.is possessed of 3.arrested his attention 助于减少污染湖水的机会，并且可以捕获的鱼的数量被限制」 4.so beautiful that 5.all of a sudden 以确保未来儿年都有鱼。此处应用动名词作主语，位于句首， 二 首字母需大写。故填Avoiding。 I,语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是关于须鲸的葬：9.beca山gh考查被动语态。句意同上。分析句子成分可知， 孔的相关知识。 设空处作定语从句的谓语，主语hat,指代fsh和cah为被动 L.A细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Fewer know that a blowhole 关系，需用被动语态，位于情态动词n后面，使用动词原形 is a nostril(鼻f孔）slightly ch:nged by evolution into a form more 故填be caught。 useful for a mammal that spends its life at sea.(很少有人知道， :10.permission考查名词。句意：在夏季，未经许可的私人捕鱼 呼吸孔是一种经过轻微进化的鼻孔，对于在海洋中生活的哺 是严格禁止的。此处应用名词作介词without的宾语，表示 乳动物来说，它的形式更有用。)”可知，根据前两段，鲸鱼的鼻 “未经许可”。故填permission。 孔是调整过的。故选A Ⅲ.参考范文： 2.B推理判断题。根据第三段中的“When these are under There,a party was waiting for him.The moment Allen stepped attack,they release a special gas called dimethyl sulphide,which inside.a chorus of "Happy Birthday"filled the meeting room.and in turn attracts baleen whales.(当它们受到攻击时，它们会释放he found himself surrounded by lots of police officers holding 一种叫作二甲硫的特殊气体，反过来吸引须鲸。)”可知，当须balloons.Officer Smith introduced him to all the officers,who gave 鲸捕食浮游动物时，浮游植物散发的气味起了作用。故选B。him high fives.Allen was thrilled,and his eyes sparkled wit山 3.B推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Having two eyes,for excitement as he looked at the grand police-themed cake.As Allen instance.allows an animal to compare the images from each in cut into the eake with the help of his mom,the room erupted into order to perceive depth.Having two ears lets them locate the cheers and laughter.adding to the joyful atmosphere. direction from which a sound is coming,.(例如，有两只眼睛的动 After they enjoyed the cake,Officer Smith took out a gift bag. 物可以通过比较米自每只眼睛的图像米感知深度。它们有两“It's for you.”He presented the delicately wrapped parcel to Allen, 只耳朵，可以确定声音传来的方向。)”可知，第四段通过举例 who was stunned by the surprise."Wow,a model police car!It 解释立体感觉的概念。故选B。 looks exactly like the one we came here in!Thank you!"Officer 4.C细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Besides allowing them to Smith smiled,“Anytime,Allen.”Allen hugged O师ficer Smith and breathe,it seems that some whales use their blowholes to thanked him again for making the otherwise crushing disappointment determine in which direction dinner lies,(除了i让它们呼吸外，一his time to shine.It was the local heroes who helped by being part of 些鲸鱼似平还用它们的气孔来确定晚餐在哪个方向：)”可the community and inspiring the young soul in small but effective 知，鼻孔的位置与定位食物的能力有关。故选C。 ways. -264