Unit 3 SectionⅠ Reading and Thinking(练案)-【成才之路】2024-2025学年高中新课程英语选择性必修第四册同步学习指导(人教版2019)

练案[9] UNIT 3 SEA EXPLORATION Section I Reading and Thinking 一、语言基础训练 6.（2024·全国甲卷)Prof.Gracie,with all his 1.单词拼写 patience,asked me to think about it beyond 1.There are plans to (扩展)heno- I liked it or not. smoking area. 7.He reached into his pocket and 2.News is flying about concerning a withdraw)a sheet of notepaper. (皇室的)wedding. 8.As we all know,books are the source of knowledge, 3.I thought that a fairy (故事)was which I benefit a lot. just a written version of an oral folktale. 9.This does not apply to everyone,so it is essential 4.The Spurs are meant to be one of the top teams in the establish)your own rhythm. (联盟). 10.He looked everywhere in search 5.With its own (车队)of trucks,the his glasses. company delivers most orders overnight. Ⅲ.选词填空 6.Its wealth derived from the control of in a league of one's own,withdraw from,in hand,in (香料)trade and the cotton industry. ancient times,reach out,for the benefit of,in return 7.A (纽带)of friendship had been for,from a...point of view,set sail,under the forged between them. command of 8.The sunrise at the seaside was quite a sight to 1.It was a bright clear morning when we at last (看见). in the ship. 9.The Pacific northwest is favored with a 2.As a lawyer,Janice is so excellent that she is truly (海的)climate. 10.Market research showed that 93%of the viewing 3.He has decided to public wanted a hit movie (频 the competition. 道). 4.It took me great efforts to get these books 川.单句语法填空 5.This old Silk Road linked China with the west 1.(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)Emmanuel Chappard,an experienced guide,has a passion 6.The ship is Captain making the great outdoors accessible to all. Blake. 2.We are satisfied with the smoothness of the his generosity,the legislature (negotiate）, voted that the school be named Harvard College. 3.The state extend)her 8.We must be kind and friendly and merchant fleet at an amazing rate so far. to those in need. 4.Shanghai is the largest business center in all of 9.We have brought down prices of medicines China,and its modern cityscape is the people. sight to behold. 10 long-term we 5.They (bond)that day,and decided should pay attention to education and science and that they should start a broader discussion. technology. -199 二、培优提升训练 probably lose some of the resources they have come to 【.阅读理解 value,O'Reilly says,who is an ecologist at Illinois (2O24·江苏省南京师范大学附属高中高二月考)State University.Lakes are often used for drinking In a global report of lake color,researchers water,food or recreation.If the water has more algae,it estimate that roughly one-third of Earth's lakes are blue.could be unappealing for play or more costly to clean for But,should average summer air temperatures rise by a drinking.But the color changes wouldn't necessarily few degrees,some of those clear waters could turn a mean that the lakes are any less healthy."Humans don't cloudy green or brown,the Learn reports in the Sept.28 value lots of algae in a lake,but if you're a certain type Geophysical Research Letters. of fish species,you might be like this is great,'" The changing colors could change how people use O'Reilly says. those waters and offer clues about the stability of lake 1.What can we learn about the lakes'color change ecosystems.Compared with blue lakes,green or brown according to the text？ lakes have more algae()and organic matter,says A.It is caused by water pollution. Xiao Yang,a hydrologist(水文专家)at Southern B.It does harm to the growth of algae. Methodist University. C.It results from the temperature increase. Lakes in places with average summer air D.It can disturb the stability of lake ecosystems. temperatures that were below 19 Celsius were more 2.How was the research conducted? likely to be blue than lakes with warmer summers.That's A.By doing field investigation. because warmer water helps algae bloom more,which B.By researching previous studies. changes the properties of the water. C.By analyzing long-term satellite data. Yang and colleagues used satellite photos from D.By observing the daily color of the lakes. 2013 to 2020 to analyze the color of more than 85,0003.Which word best deseribes O'Reilly's attitude to the lakes around the world.Because storms and seasons can color change? temporarily affect a lake's color,the researchers focused A.Objective. B.Doubtful. on the most frequent color observed for each lake over C.Unconcerned. D.Favourable. the seven-year period.The researchers also created an4.What's the author's purpose in writing the text? interactive online map that can be used to explore the colors of these lakes.The approach is"super cool,"the A.To call on people to protect lakes. researchers say.These satellite data are "just so B.To introduce a new research method. powerful." C.To present the outcome of a research. If some lakes do become less blue,people will D.To provide solutions to lakes'color change Ⅱ.七选五 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 (2024·江苏淮安高三校联考一模) People often throw a party to celebrate a variety of occasions.For example,birthdays,graduations,holidays, the end of the semester,the beginning of summer,and so on.If you have ever thrown a party,you must be aware of the biggest problem of waste.Imagine the mess left from all the parties that are held in the world.Where does all of this rubbish go?1..In order to change this situation,it's important to decrease waste to the most. 2..As a matter of fact,e-invitations are quick,easy,and more modern than traditional paper invites. —200— 3..If there are any people in your crowd who say it's tacky to use e-cards,tell them it's tackier to pollute the environment by using traditional ones.That should keep them quiet. Reuse and recycle.Reduce waste by buying party foods with less packaging)and send guests home with leftover shacks.Use plates you can wash and reuse,rather than hand out disposable paper plates for people's pizza. Make it easy for your guests to recycle.4.,making it obvious that one is for real rubbish and the other is for recycled goods. Allow each person only one cup.Since everyone has the same cup,it is quite easy to mix up the cups.After you put it down for a second,you can't recognize which cup belongs to you.Then,you will reach for a totally new one.As the result,after the party,you will find many cups are thrown away,causing a lot of waste.5.. A.It will end up in the landfills(填埋场) B.Make full use of paper invitations C.Send e-invitations instead of paper ones D.It's also the environmentally soundest choice E.It's a good idea to allow guests to take their cups away F.Put out two rubbish cans and write something on them clearly G.Try a new system of handing each guest a cup that you mark with their name Ⅲ，语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填人1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 (2024·山东省济宁市高三三模) My Thrilling Getaway To escape the hustle and bustle of London,my family began 1. remarkable staycation to explore unfamiliar shores of Plymouth in South Devon. After a scenic drive that left us in awe,we found 2. (our)standing on Mount Batten beach.The vision before us was breathtaking-rocky pools and rough sand,all surrounded by green hills.Walking along the charming pathway,we immersed()ourselves in the expansive ocean views and the dynamic atmosphere.That evening,warmth filling the air,we gathered around a crackling bonfire,sharing 3. heart)laughter with fellow beachgoers. Eager to explore more of Plymouth's charm,we set out for West Hoe Park the next day,4. provided a spacious play area for children,equipped with plentiful 5.(delight).Our children were totally attracted and we had a hard time 6. (tear）them away. Afterwards,we walked 7.(leisure)along Hoe Promenade towards Hoe Park.Despite the crowds, we enjoyed a peaceful walk,greatly 8.(enhance)by the iconic Smeaton's Tower lighthouse. Undoubtedly,the highlight of our journey was Bovisand Beach.Our children were in their element,building sandcastles and playing in the water,relaxed 9. joyous. Plymouth 10. (cast)its spell on us and left us with memories that would stay with us for a lifetime. -201—意：B.confirmed i证实：C,epresented代表：D.occompanied伴10.neighboring考查形容词。句意：此外，它还完善了亚洲公路 随。设空处上文提及在意大利，一家人会聚在一起吃饭。下 网，促进了孟加拉国与邻国的互联互通，促进了孟加拉国发 文提及与朋友和家人在一起吃饭会让你忘却很多颠恼。故 展的国际化。设空处填形容词neighboring“邻近的”，作定 聚餐总是“伴随”着欢声笑语。故选D。 语，修饰名i词countries.故填neighboring 14.A句意：无论意大利的生活有什么不利.一且你和朋友和家 V,参考范文： 人坐下来吃顿大管，这些问题就会被遗忘。A.disadvantages Dear Noah. 不利因素；B.meanings意义；C.surprises惊奇，惊讶； I'm really glad that you take great interest in ancient Chinese D.opportunities机会。根据下文“the problems”可知，聚餐会 architeeture. 帮你忘却这些“不利”。故选A Millions of ancient buildings have survived in China's history. l5.B句意：无论意大利的生活有什么不利，一旦你和朋友和家However,there is no better place to visit th:n the Forbidden City in 人坐下来吃顿大餐，这些问题就会被遗忘。A.ereated创造；Beijing.It served as a royal palace for centuries..Summer is a good B.forgotten忘记；C.understood理解；D.identified识别。根据time for travelling,so shall we go there on August I?I believe you'l 设空处上文和所在句可知，意大利人聚餐总是伴随者欢声笑have a better experience if you know its history,You'd better do some 语，与朋友和家人在一起吃饭会让你“忘却”很多烦恼。故research online 选B Please let me know if you need further information. V,语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。主要报道了由中国交通建 Yours. 设公司承建的南亚首条水下隧道一Bangabandhu Sheikh Li Hua Mujibur Rahman隧道于周六在孟加拉国升通，并详细介绍了这 个醒道的情况 练案[9] 1.ocated考查非谓语动词。句意：该遂道位于Karnaphuli Rivr的入海口，连接着河的东西两岸。分析句子结构可知 I.1.extend 2.roval 3.tale 4.league 5.fleet 6.spice 本句谓语为connects,.此处为非谓语动i词，且the tunnel与 7.bond 8.behold 9.maritime 10.channel locate“把…安置在（或建造于）"为被动关系，应用过去分 ll.1.for 2.negotiation 3.has extended 4.a 5.bonded 词，作状语.位于句首，首字母需大写。放填Located 6.whether 7.withdrew 8.from 9.to establish 10.of 2.dif佰culties%考查名i词复数。句意：必须克服施工中的主要技 术闲难，例如地质结构。d面y“闲难，雅题”为可数名词，结 Ill.1.set sail 2.in a league of her own 3.withdraw from 4.in 合句意可知，难题不止一个，应用复数形式，作主语。放填 hand 5.in ancient times 6.under the command of 7.In retum for 8.reach out 9.for the benefit of 10.Fmom a difficulties。 point of view 3.largest考查形容词最高级。句意：为了解决这些问题，项目 团队采用了世界上最大的钢套管，这使得专业机械可以进出 I,语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。主要向人们介绍了一项研究 遂道。结合语境可知，应用形容i同最高级ge“最大的”，作 的站果：在一份关于湖泊颜色的全球报告中，研究人员估计地球 定语，修饰名i词steel casing。故填largest。 上大釣三分之一的湖泊是蓝色的。 4.onl世考查非谓语动i词。句意：为了解决这些问题，项目闭 队采用了世界上最大的钢套管，这使得专业机械可以进出隧 I.C细节理解题。根据第一段中“But,should average summer 道。which引导的定语从句的谓语为allowed,此处为非谓i语动 air temperatures rise by a few degrees,some of those clear waters i同，应用不定式作宾补。故填oter could turn a cloud山y green or brown(但是，如果夏季平均气温上 5.o考查介词。句意：该项目按照中国标准设计、使用中国设 升几度，一些清澈的海水可能会变成暗绿色或棕色)”可知 备、由中国企业管理，是中国在海外建设隧道全产业链的成功 湖水颜色的改变是由于海水温度的升高。故选C 探索，将成为中国在海外的一张闪亮名片。由句意和设空后 2.C细节理解题。根据第四段中“Yang and colleagues used 的Chinese standards可知.to.,,standards意为"达到…标 satellite photos from 2013 to 2020 to analyze the color of more 准”。故填o than85,000 lakes around the word.(杨和他的同事利用从 .was accomplished考查动i词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意： 2013年到2020年的卫星照片分析了世界上超过85,000个湖 该项目按照中国标准设计、使用中国设备，由中国企业管理 泊的颜色。)”可知，在研究中，研究人员通过分析长达七年的 足中国在海外建设隧道全产业链的成功探索，将成为中国在 卫星照片，进而得出了研究结果。故选C 海外的一张闪亮名片。分析句子结构可知，设空处为句子谓 3.A推理判断题。根据最后一段“If some lakes do become less 语，根据语境可知事情发生在过去，故时态用一般过去时，且 blue,people will probably lose some of the resources they have 主语The project与accomplish“完成”为被动关系，被动语态， come to value...'Humans don't value lots of algae in a lake,but 主语为第三人称单数。故填was accomplished if you're a certain type of fish species,you might be like'this is 7.a考在冠词。句意：该项日按照中国标准设计、使用中国设 eat,’OReilly say%,(如果一些湖泊的确变得不那么蓝了，人 备、由中国企业管理，是中国在海外建设隧道全产业链的成功 们可能会失去一些他们已经开始重视的资源…奥莱利说： 探索，将成为中国在海外的一张闪亮名片。此处泛指“一张闪 ·人类并不看重湖中的大量藻类，但如果你是某种鱼类，你可 亮名片”，且shining以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故 能会说·这真是太棒了'。')”可知，在奥莱利看来，湖泊的颜 坑a。 色的变化未必就是一种灾难，要视情况而言。所以对于湖水 8.greatly考查副词。句意：它不仅将大大改善Chattogram的交 颜色的变化，奥莱利的态度是客观的。故选A。 通条件，还将推动孟加拉国的经济发展。分析句子成分可知， 4.C推理判断题。结合第一段（在一份全球湖泊颜色报告中 设空处用副词作状语，修饰动i词improve。故填greatly。 研究人员估计大约三分之一的地球湖泊是蓝色的。但是，如 9.but考查固定句型。句意：它不仅将大大改善Chattogram的 果夏季平均气温上升几度，那么一些清澈的海水可能会变成 交通条件，还将推动孟加拉国的经济发展。结合句意和设空 暗绿色或棕色，Lem在9月28日的《地球物理研究通讯》中 前的Not only可知，本空坑but,not only..,,but(so)...意为 报道。)可知，文章主要向人们介绍了一项研究的结果。故 ”不仅一而且…”。故填bt。 选C —261 Ⅱ，语篇解读：本文是一篇就明文。主耍介绍了一些关于举办leisurely “绿色”环保聚会的建议。 8.enhanced考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管人群拥挤，我们还是 L.A设空前“Where does all of this rubbish go？(这些垃圾都到 享受了一次宁静的散步，标志性的斯米顿塔灯塔给我们带来 哪里去了？)”提出问题，设空处对此进行回答，A项（它最终 了极大的乐揠。此处nhance与e构成被动关系，故用过去 会被扔进垃圾填埋场)说明垃圾最终会去填埋场，因此承接 分i词作状语。故填enhanced 上文.符合语境。故选A。 9,考有连词。句意：我们的孩子们玩得很尽兴，他们搭沙 2.C设空处是本段主题句，由下文“As a matter of fact,e 保，在水里玩耍.既轻松又快乐。此处relaxed和jyow为并列 invitations are quick.easy.and more modern than traditional 关系，应用连词ad。放填nd。 paper invites.(事实上，电子请束比传统的纸质请柬快捷、简10.ct考查时态。句意：普利茅斯对我们施了魔法，给我们留 单，而且更现代。)”说明了电子邀请函的优势，说明了应该用 下了一生难忘的回忆。分析句子成分可知，cst和1e构成 电子请束而不是纸质请束，C项（发送电子请束而不是纸质 并列谓语，根据1ef可知为一般过去时。故填esl。 请束)慨括了本段内容，可作为主题句。故选C 3.D设空前“As a matter of fact,e-invitations are quick,casy, 练案[10] and more modern than traditional paper invites.(事实上，电子请 束比传统的纸质请柬快捷、简单，而且更现代。)”说明了电子 I.1.coverage 2.applaud 3.taxes 4.manned 5.submersible 请束的优势，空格处应该继续说电子请束的优势，D项（这也 6.underwaler 7.polities 8.professions 9.tournament 是最环保的选择)说明了电子请柬是环保的，是它的优势，因 10.mixture 11.laptop 12.coral 此承接上文，符合语境。故选D ll.1.in 2.professionals 3.be devoted to 4.for 5.applause 4.F下文“making it obvious that one is for real rubbish and the 6.a 7.manned 8.inspired other is for reeyeled goods(很明显，一个是真正的坟圾，另一个 Ⅲ，单句语法填空 是回收物品)”提到了两个垃圾桶不同的用途，F项（拿出两 1.know to do 2.to cut 3.to have given 4.to eat sleep 个垃圾桶，并在上面清楚地写些什么)说明了要准备两个垃 5.to work 6.to start 7.To master 8.to stare 9.to have 圾桶，和下文构成内容上的承接，表明在垃圾桶上写字的目的 been published 10.to have stop 是为了能清晰地分游两个垃圾桶装的不同的物品。故选F。 单句写作 5.G上文“As the result,after the party,you will find many cups I.To make it easier to get in touch with us/To get in touch with are thrown away,causing a lot of waste.(结果，聚会结束后，你 us more easily 会发现很多杯子被扔掉了，造成了很多浪费。)”说明聚会时使 2.to pursue an acting career in the future 用的相同的杯子会造成浪费，G项（尝试一种新的方法，给每 3.to watch anything that happened to be on 位客人一个杯子，并在杯子上刻上他们的名字)是对上文内 4.to be completed next year 容的承接，介绍了避免浪费的技巧就是在杯子上写名字，同时 5.to buy these donation draw tickets from you 也和本段的主题句"Allow each person only one cup,(每人只能 6.the doctor finds it difficult to treat 拥有一个杯子。)”相呼应。故选G 7.To enjoy the convenience of digital payment Ⅲ，语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者一家一次去 8.only to find himself left alone in the room 普利茅斯海岸度假的经历」 9.were often made to work 1.a考食冠词。句意：为了逃离伦敦的喧馨，我的家人开始了 10.he persuaded me not to change my mind 一次不寻常的本国度假，去探索南德文郡不熟悉的普利茅斯 二 海岸。此处stayeation为泛指，且remarkable是发音以轴音音 I,语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了海龟的危险处 素开头的单词。故坑a 境，作者想拯数海龟并加入到保护美国和墨西哥海岸和海洋生 2.ousv℃s考查代词。句意：经过一段风景优美的车程后，我态系统的变革斗士中，体会到了适者生存，小乌龟很难在恶劣的 们感到敬畏，我们发现白己站在了巴顿山海滩上。主语为生活条件下生存 we,表示“发现我们自己”应用反身代词ourselves。故填l.C细节理解题。根据第三段中“Between threats of dogs,. ourselves crabs,development and oil spills,the little creatures have the 3.hety考查形容词。句意：那天晚上，空气中充满了温暖，我 whole world against them.As recently as 2002,turtles hunting 们明坐在晖啪作响的篝火旁，和其他海滩游客一起开怀大笑。 was not only a common practice,but an important part of the 修饰名词laughter应用形容词hearty,作定语。枚填hearty。 (ulture and diet in the Oaxaca communities,(在狗、螃蟹、发展和 4.whih考查定语从句。句意：为了探索普利茅斯的更多魅 石油泄漏的威胁之间，这些小生物让整个世界都在与它们对 力，我们第二天出发去了西霜公园，那里为孩子们提供了一个 抗。直到2002年，在瓦哈卡社区，海龟狩猎不仅是一种常见 宽散的游乐区，配备了许多乐趣。分析句子成分可知，设空处 的做法，也是文化和饮食的重要组成部分。)”可知，海龟宝宝 为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行i词West Hoe Park,在从句作主 受到残忍的猎人，快速的发展、被石油污染的海洋这些因素的 语，指物。故填which。 威胁，没有提到极端的天气。故选C。 5.delights考查名词复数。句意：为了探索普利茅斯的更多魅2.B词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句子中的结构“soe.,, 力，我们第二天出发去了西霍公园.那里为孩子们提供了一个 4 while others.,”可知.wile前后表示对比，while后面说“而另 宽数的游乐区，配备了许多乐趣。作介词的宾语，应用名词 一些测几乎没有划动到位”，所以推出hie前面是说“有些 delight.表示乐趣应用复数形式。故填delights 全速前进，充满活力和热情”，所以“ull steam ahead”意思是 6.tearing考查非谓语动同。句意：我们的孩子完全被吸引住 “有些全速前进，充满活力和热情”。故选B。 了，我们很难把他们推开。h:ve a hand time doing sth.意为“做3，D推理判断题。根据最后一段（在每一次海浪中，我们都见 某事很困难”。故填tearin唱 证了适者生存，一些推过粉饰的墙壁，另一些则撞回岸边。它 7.leisurely考在副i词。句意：之后，我们沿着锄长廊悠闲地向 们为生命而战，让我热泪盈眶。一群鸟准备潜入大海寻找它 锄公园走去。修饰动词wk应用副i词leisurely。故填 们移动的日标。“千分之一，”大自然同时又残忍又富有同情 -262