Unit3 The World Meets China【速记清单】-2024-2025学年高二英语单元速记 · 巧练（外研版2019选择性必修第四册）

Unit 3 The World Meets China Unit1 话题 人与自我 词汇 1.gateway 　2.oasis 　3.boast 　4.grotto 5.testimony 6.statue 7.mural 8.immortal 9.scroll 10.ceramics 11.expo 12.Sinologist 13.temple 14.shepherd 15.chamber 16.kingdom 短语 1.be testimony to ……的证明2．date from 追溯到 3．seal up 密封4．fade from 从……逐渐消失 5．bring...to life 使……焕发生机/苏醒6.prior to 在……之前，先于……7．be exposed to 暴露在……，接触到……8．keep an eye on 照看，留神，留意 9．on the whole 总的来说，总体而言10．think highly of 对……评价很高，欣赏…… 句型 1．Gradually，it faded from memory，even though it was once such a great city. 2．Dunhuang has once again become a global crossroads since it hosted hundreds of representatives from 51 countries for the Silk Road International Cultural Expo in 2017. 3．Given that the theme of the Expo was to promote cultural exchange and strengthen mutual cooperation between the countries along the Silk Road，Dunhuang was the ideal place. 4．Now that this dream has come true，my next goal is to translate The Romance of the Three Kingdoms. 5．I’ve so far translated the writings of Han Han，and I am now working on those of Xu Zechen. 语法 复习状语从句 写作 推荐中国旅游城市 考点1.date from起源于；追溯到 Dating from 405 AD to 1002 AD，these hidden treasures give us a picture of Dunhuang when it was at the very centre of the Silk Road trade.追溯到公元405年到1002年，这些珍藏的宝贝清楚地向我们描绘了敦煌作为丝绸之路贸易中心时的场景。 【拓展】 (1)date from＝date back to ___________ (2)set a date for ___________ have a date with sb. ___________ out of date ___________ up to date ___________ 【经典练】 ①The historical architecture dates ___________ the 12th century.这座历史建筑可以追溯到12世纪。 ②The dictionary is ___________: many words have been added to the language since it was published. 这本词典已经过时了：自它出版以来，这门语言已经增加了许多单词。 ③The musical instrument _______ back to the Tang Dynasty is still in good condition. 追溯到唐朝的这件乐器仍旧保存完好。 [名师提醒]　 date from/date back to常用于一般现在时，没有进行时态和被动语态。常用现在分词作定语或状语。 考点2. bring...to life使复苏；(使)变得生动；(使)变得有趣 This century is bringing the Silk Road to life once more through the Belt and Road Initiative.本世纪通过“一带一路”倡议，丝绸之路重获生机。 【拓展】 come to life_______________________ full of life_______________________ lead/live a...life_______________________ start/make a new life_______________________ 【经典练】 ①The new teacher really ____________French to life for us.这位新来的老师把我们的法语课教得生动活泼。 ②She ____________ a happy life with her sister and brother.她和弟弟妹妹一起过着幸福的生活。 ③They represent the earth ____________ and best wishes for new beginnings. 它们代表着大地的苏醒和对新的开始的最美好的祝愿。  ④The town itself was____________.这座城镇本身就充满了活力。 [名师提醒] bring...(back) to life___________________________ come (back) to life_________________________________ 【好句背默】 ⑤We tried in vain to ______ the drowned swimmer ___________.我们试图让溺水的游泳者苏醒过来，却是徒然。 考点3. fade from从……逐渐消失 Gradually, it faded from memory, even though it was once such a great city. 尽管它（敦煌）曾经是一个如此繁华的城市，但它还是渐渐淡出了（人们的）记忆。 【拓展】 fade away____________ fade in_________________________ fade out____________________________ 【经典练】 ①Your enthusiasm for running may fade________. However, only with persistence can you have a stronger body.你对跑步的热情可能会逐渐消失,然而,只有坚持(锻炼)你才能拥有更强壮的身体。 ②Additional background sound is faded ____ at the beginning of the shot.镜头一开始，附加的背景音渐渐响起。 ③He slid a control to fade_____ the music.他滑动控制器，让音乐声减弱。 考点4. Given that the theme of the Expo was to promote cultural exchange and strengthen mutual cooperation between the countries along the Silk Road，Dunhuang was the ideal place.鉴于本次博览会的主题是促进丝绸之路沿线国家文化交流和相互协作，敦煌是一个理想的地方。 (1)given that用作连词，意为“鉴于……；考虑到……”；引导原因状语从句 【拓展】 (1)be given to sth./to doing sth. ____________ (2)give back ____________ give in (to) ____________ give off ____________ give out ____________ give up ____________ give way to ____________ 【经典练】 ①______ good health, I hope to finish the work this year.鉴于健康状况良好，我希望今年完成这项工作。 ②________ the female cat is not at home, the little cat can only play at home. 母猫不在家，小猫只能在家玩耍。 ③_________ he is not an English major, his spoken English is really excellent. 考虑到他不是英语专业的，他的英语口语确实很好。 (2)strengthen v．加强；增强；巩固 【拓展】 (1)strengths and weaknesses ____________ build up one's strength ____________ have the strength to do sth. ____________ with all one's strength ____________ (2)strength n. ____________ strong adj. ___________ 【经典练】 ①It will draw you closer together, and it will ____________the bond of your relationship.它会拉近你们的距离，而且它会巩固你们之间联系的纽带。 ②The ability to keep calm is one of her many __________. 能够保持冷静是她的众多长处之一。 ③People have __________ feelings about this issue.人们对这个问题反应强烈。 【好句背默】 ④You can practise yoga to________ the immune system and build up _________and make your body _________ than it used to be.(strong) 你可以通过练习瑜伽来增强免疫系统、增强体质，并使你的身体比以往更强壮。 考点5.prior adj.先前的;较早的;优先的 Prior to that, the only great historical works I had been exposed to were Homer’s epic poems.在那之前,我唯一接触过的历史巨作是荷马的史诗。 【拓展】 (1) prior to  _________________ a prior engagement 　_________________     prior notice_________________ (2)priority n. _________________ the first priority _________________ a top priority _________________ take priority over _________________ 【经典练】 ①Refund requests must be made a minimum of 7 days _______the event. 退款请求必须在活动前最少七天提出。 ②They insist that the right to live should take priority _______ all other considerations. 他们坚决要求,生存权利应放在其他一切考虑因素之上。 ③He always gives _______to others rather than to himself. 他总是优先考虑别人而不是他自己。 【好句背默】 ④Nowadays the _______ for travelling is shifted from shopping to food and scenery. 如今,旅游中优先考虑的事情从购物转变成了(品尝)食物和(欣赏)风景。 考点6. be exposed to...接触…… Prior to that, the only great historical works I had been exposed to were Homer’s epic poems.在那之前,我唯一接触过的历史巨作是荷马的史诗。  【拓展】 (1)expose v.__________________ expose...to... __________________ exposure n. __________________ exposure to__________________【经典练】 ①He did not want to _______ his fears and anxiety to anyone. 他不想向任何人显露他的恐惧与不安。 ②They often cover only their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies _______.他们通常只用手遮住眼睛,而身体的其他部分则暴露在外。  ③Many people in China have limited _______ to English.许多中国人对英语的接触有限。 【好句背默】 ④We want to_______ the kids to as much art and culture as possible. 我们想让孩子们受到尽可能多的艺术和文化熏陶。 考点7.promote vt.促进，推动；促销；推销；提升，晋升；将(运动队)晋级 After six attempts, over a period of twelve years, Chinese monk Jianzhen arrived in Japan, where he promoted exchange and understanding between China and Japan.经过十二年的努力、六次尝试后，中国鉴真和尚来到日本，促进了中日之间的交流和理解。 【拓展】 (1)promote sth. as sth. _______________ (2)promotion n. ______________________ promotional adj. ______________________ 【经典练】 ①The purpose of the campaign is to_______our awareness of environmental issues.这项运动的目的是提高我们的环保意识。 ②GPs have a vital role to play in health _______.普通医师对促进健康起着极其重要的作用。 ③The school made a short _______video.学校录制了一个宣传短片。 ④He was _______to editor and then editorial director.他晋升为编辑，之后又晋升为编辑部主任。 ⑤The area _________________ a tourist destination.这个地区正被推广为旅游点。 【好句背默】 ⑥Actually, some discount on your price would make it easier for us to____________, you know. 您知道的，事实上，在您的价格基础上打一些折扣，我们会更容易促销。 考点8. (教材原句P27)　In a sealed cave，now known as the famous Library Cave，were hidden thousands of manuscripts，paintings and scrolls ，as well as silk embroideries. 在一个密封的洞里，也就是闻名的“藏经洞”里，珍藏了数以万计的手稿、绘画、经卷，还有丝质刺绣。 本句是介词短语置于句首的倒装句式。有时为了保持句子平衡或使上下文衔接紧密,可将用作地点状语的介词短语置于句首,此时句子需使用完全倒装,即把谓语放到主语前面。 其正常语序是：Thousands of manuscripts，paintings and scrolls ，as well as silk embroideries were hidden in a sealed cave，now known as the famous Library Cave. 【拓展】 (1)out，in，down，up，away，here，now，then，there等表示方位、地点和时间的副词置于句首，且主语是名词时，句子用完全倒装。 (2)表示地点的介词短语置于句首，且主语是名词时，句子用完全倒装。 (3)作表语的形容词、分词短语提到系动词前面时，句子也用完全倒装，即“形容词/分词＋系动词＋主语”结构。 (4)代词such置于句首，且在句中作表语时，句子用完全倒装。 【经典练】 ①Out of the yard ________________, which barked fiercely.院子里跑出一条大狗，叫得很凶。 ②Under the desk_______ a cat. 桌子下面睡着一只猫。 ③At the foot of the mountain _______ a beautiful village, which is my hometown. 山脚下有一个美丽的村庄,那是我的家乡。 ④Into the dark house____________，who was quite surprised when we shouted Happy Birthday. 我妹妹走进了黑暗的房间，当我们喊生日快乐时，她很惊讶。 [名师提醒]　 (1)此类倒装的句子的谓语常是表存在意义的动词,如be、lie、stand、live、exist、sit 、come、go，等，且句子的主语为名词。 (2)如果句子的主语为人称代词，不用倒装语序。 (3)此类倒装的句子谓语动词的人称和数要和句子主语保持一致。 考点9. The scrolls are so detailed that they describe the vast range of goods that were imported and exported from Dunhuang，such as ceramics，medicine，perfumes and fruit，to name just a few. 这些卷轴如此详细，向我们清楚地描述了进出敦煌的大量货物，比如：陶器、药物、香水和水果，这里仅举几例。 句式分析：本句是so...that...引导的结果状语从句。 【拓展】 引导结果状语从句的从属连词有：so that，so...that...，such...that...。在非正式语体中，由so...that...，such...that...引导的句子中的that可以省略，注意其结构： 【经典练】 ①It is so cold _____ you can't go outside unless fully covered in thick clothes.天太冷了，你不能外出，除非穿上厚厚的衣服。 ②There was _____ much noise outside that we couldn't concentrate on our study.外面嘈杂声很大，以致我们不能全神贯注地学习。 ③He spoke with_____ enthusiasm that everyone was inspired. 他说话如此热情，以至于每个人都受到了鼓舞。 [名师提醒]　 当so或such置于句首时，主句要用倒装语序，用以强调形容词和副词。 【好句背默】 ④It was such a difficult problem _____ nobody could solve it. 这个问题如此困难，以至于没人能解决。 考点10. In the Ming Dynasty，trade routes changed and Dunhuang was not as prosperous as it used to be. 到了明代，随着贸易路线的变迁，敦煌不再像以前那样繁荣了。 【拓展】 本句是用了as...as 的结构表达倍数。 常见表示“倍数”的句型： (1)倍数＋as＋many/much＋n.＋as (2)倍数＋as＋adj./adv.＋as (3)倍数＋形容词比较级/副词比较级＋than (4)倍数＋the size/length/height/depth/width＋of 【经典练】 ①That is to say，there are three times ___ many girls as boys.换句话说，女孩的数量是男孩的三倍。 ②The earth is 49 times the ____of the moon.地球是月球的49倍。 ③The population of this city is four times larger_____ that city. 这座城市的人口是那座的四倍。 [名师提醒] 表示“两倍”时用twice或double，三倍或三倍以上用“基数词＋times”表达。此句型中倍数也可以用分数、百分数、half等其他程度状语。 【好句背默】 ④The new phone is twice as expensive ____ the old model. 新手机比旧款贵一倍。 考点11. If only there was greater awareness of Chinese language and literature in my country.要是我的国家对中国语言和文学有更多的了解就好了。  【拓展】 if only...要是……就好了，通常用来表示不太能实现的愿望,常用虚拟语气。 ①表示现在  较难实现的愿望时用“if only sb./sth. did/were...”。 ②表示与过去   事实相反的愿望时用“if only sb./sth. had done...”。 ③表示与将来   事实相反的愿望用“if only sb./sth. would/could do...”。 【经典练】 ①_____ he were not so shy! 他要是不这么腼腆就好了! ②If only I ______ for the island yesterday! 我昨天要是起程前往那个岛就好了! ③If only I ________ admitted to my ideal university next year. 要是明年我能被我理想的大学录取就好了。 [名师提醒] if only意为“但愿……;要是……就好了”,通常用来表示说话人对某事所寄予的某种强烈愿望,常用虚拟语气；only if意为“只有……(才);只有在……的时候(才);唯一的条件是……”;若用于句首,后接从句,主句要部分倒装。 【好句背默】 ④__________ I get a job will I have enough money to buy a big house. 我只有找到一份工作才会有足够的钱买大房子。 1． 语法精讲——复习状语从句 1.You can only imagine how travelers felt when they saw the oasis of Dunhuang ahead of them. 2.If you look up, you can see the paintings and other artworks that are testimony to how the Silk Road brought East and West together. 3.The Apsaras are depicted sailing in the bright blue sky， with their scarves flying, as if they are about to fly down to meet us. 4.In the Ming Dynasty, trade routes changed and Dunhuang was not as prosperous as it used to be. 5.Gradually, it faded from memory, even though it was once such a great city. 6.Given that the theme of the Expo was to promote cultural exchange and strengthen mutual cooperation between the countries along the Silk Road, Dunhuang was the ideal place. 观察上面的句子，其中加黑部分都是高中阶段需要掌握的状语从句，它们分别是_________从句、_______从句、_________从句、________从句、________从句、___________从句。 状语从句是指在句子中作状语，起副词作用的从句。状语从句用来修饰句中谓语动词、非谓语动词、定语、状语或整个句子。根据其作用一般分为：时间状语从句、地点状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、比较状语从句等。一般由从属连词引导，也可由连词词组引导。位于句首或句中时常用逗号与主句隔开，位于句尾时可以不用逗号。 一、时间状语从句 1.when、while与as引导的时间状语从句 (1) when  意为“当……时”,引导时间状语从句时从句的动作和主句的动作可以同时发生,也可以先后发生,从句的谓语动词可以是延续性动词,也可以是非延续性动词。 He’ll be angry when he hears the news.他听到这个消息会生气的。 It was raining when we arrived.我们到达时，天正在下雨。 when引导时间状语从句，还可意为“正在这时”，表示某件事正在发生或刚刚发生时，突然发生另一动作。 be about to do....when...正准备做某事，这时·… be doing...when...正在做某事，这时…… be on the point of doing...when...正要做某事，这时·· had just done...when...刚做完某事，这时…··… Tom was about to close the window when his attention was caught by a bird. 汤姆正准备关窗户，这时他的注意力被一只鸟吸引住了。 (2) while   意为“与……同时,在……期间”,引导时间状语从句时从句的谓语动词常用延续性动词或表示状态的动词,从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生或主句动作在从句动作的进行过程中发生。 While I was reading, he came in. 我正在看书时,他进来了。 While I was watching TV, the bell rang. 我在看电视时，铃响了。 (3)as引导时间状语从句时一般表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时发生,可译为“一边……一边……;随着”。 The students sang as they walked. 学生们边走边唱。 As she grew older, she gained in confidence.随着年龄的增长，她的自信心增强了。 2.表示“一……就……”的连词引导的时间状语从句 (1)as soon as、the moment/minute/instant、instantly、immediately、directly等连词用于句中描述当前的动作或状态。 Instantly/Immediately/Directly you feel any pain, you must go to the doctor. 你一感觉到任何痛苦就必须去看医生。 The moment/minute/instant the clown appeared on the stage, the audience laughed uproariously. 小丑一出现在舞台上,观众就哄然大笑。 (3) 在hardly/scarcely...when...和no sooner...than...结构中,主句应用过去完成时 ,从句应用一般过去时;当no sooner...和hardly/scarcely...位于句首时,主句要用部分倒装  。 The votes had scarcely been counted, when the telephone rang. 选票一统计好，电话就响了。 Hardly/Scarcely had he heard the news when he began to cry. 他一听到这个消息就开始哭。 No sooner had he gone to bed than his parents returned. 他刚去睡觉,他爸妈就回来了。 3.until与till引导的时间状语从句 (1)until引导的时间状语从句可以在主句之前,也可以在主句之后;till引导的时间状语从句常放在主句之后。 (2)not until...位于句首时,主句要部分倒装。not until...可用于强调句型中,对not until...部分进行强调。 (3)当until/till引导时间状语从句时,若主句为肯定句,则until/till意为“直到……为止 ”,主句的谓语需用延续性动词;若主句为否定句,主句的谓语需用非延续性动词,not...until/till...意为“直到……才…… ”。 I had waited a long time until/till he came back. 我等了很长时间,直到他回来。 You can’t leave until/till I come back. 直到我回来你才可以离开。 Not until he told me about it again did I have any idea of it. 直到他又告诉我一遍这件事我才明白。 It was not until he told me about it again that I had any idea of it. 直到他又告诉我一遍这件事我才明白。 4.引导时间状语从句的其他常见短语 (1)一些表示时间的名词词组可以引导时间状语从句,这些名词词组有each/every time、the first(或其他序数词)time、(the)next/last time、the year/day/week等。 You were very young the first time I saw you. 我第一次见到你的时候你还很小。 Next time you come, be sure to take your little daughter with you. 下次你来时,一定要带你的小女儿一起来。 Every time I met her I always forget her name. 每次我见到地时，我总忘了她的名字。 You are welcome to come back any time you want to. 你想回来随时可以回来。 (2)by the time引导的时间状语从句如果用一般现在时,则主句用将来完成时;从句如果用一般过去时,则主句用过去完成时。 By the time you come back, we will have finished the job. 到你回来的时候,我们将已经完成了这项工作。 By the time we got there, the rain had stopped. 当我们到那儿时,雨已经停了。 5.before引导的时间状语从句 before意为“在……之前;经过……之后才……;到……为止”。before引导时间状语从句时的常用句式有: It will be+一段时间+before... 过……(时间)才…… It won’t be+一段时间+before...过不了……(时间)就…… It will be half a year before I come back. 我半年之后才会回来。 It won’t be long before we meet again. 用不了多久我们就会再见面。 6.since引导的时间状语从句 since意为“自从……以来”, 其引导时间状语从句时的常用句式为:It is/has been+一段时间+since... (从句用一般过去时)。since引导的时间状语从句的谓语如果是非延续性动词,则表示自从句谓语表示的动作算起;如果是延续性动词或表状态的动词,则表示自从句谓语表示的动作或状态完成或结束时算起。 It’s two years since we arrived here. 我们到这儿两年了。 It’s three years since she was in our class. 她离开我们班有三年了。 【经典练】单句语法填空 ①With global warming becoming more and more serious, it won’t be long some coastal cities disappear. ②The young lady rushed into the room (instant) she heard the noise. ③Not I got back home did my daughter go to bed. ④I’d fallen asleep I heard Dad’s phone ringing. 二、条件状语从句 (1)引导条件状语从句的常见引导词有if、unless、as/so long as、in case、on condition that、supposing(that)、provided/providing (that)、only if等。 (2)在条件状语从句中,常用一般现在时  代替一般将来时,用一般过去时代替过去将来时。 If you fail the exam, you will let him down. 如果你考试不及格,你会让他失望的。 You will fail to arrive there in time unless you start earlier. 如果你不早点动身,你就不能及时赶到那儿。 I can tell you the truth on condition that you promise to keep a secret. 我可以告诉你真相,条件是你答应保密。 Supposing it rains, shall we continue the sports meeting? 假设下雨了,我们还要继续举行运动会吗? He won’t be against us in the meeting provided that we ask for his advice in advance. 如果我们提前征求一下他的意见,他就不会在会上反对我们。 【经典练】单句语法填空 ①Jim says we can stay in his house _____________we leave it clean and tidy. ②It’s worth it my old partner turns up. ③You will never gain success___________ you are fully devoted to your work. 三、让步状语从句 1.although、though、as与while引导的让步状语从句 (1)although引导让步状语从句时,只能用正常语序;though引导让步状语从句时,可用正常语序,也可用倒装语序;as引导让步状语从句时,通常用倒装语序,即将从句中的表语、状语或谓语中的实义动词置于从句句首,行为动词前置时，从句主语后面要用may，might，can，could，will，would；若没有，需加上do(does或did)。 若表语是单数可数名词,前置时要省略冠词 。 (2)although和though都可以与yet、still、nevertheless连用,但不能与but连用。 (3)while引导的让步状语从句一般位于句首。 Child though/as he is, he knows a lot. 尽管他还是一个孩子,但他懂很多东西。 Although/Though it’s raining,they are still working in the field.虽然在下雨,但他们仍在地里干活。 Although/Though/While I admit that there are problems, I don’t think that they cannot be solved. 尽管我承认有问题,但我认为这些问题可以解决。 Search as they would here and there, they could find nothing in the room.他们尽管到处寻找，但在房间里找不到任何东西。 Change your mind as/though you do, you will get no help from us.你即使改变主意，也得不到我们的帮助。 Youngest as/though he is in our class, he speaks English best.他虽然是我们班年龄最小的，但英语说得最好。 2.even if与even though引导的让步状语从句 even if与even though表示“即使,纵然”,引导让步状语从句时,可用虚拟语气,也可以用陈述语气。 I want to do it, even if/though it will take me all the afternoon. 我想要做这件事,即使它将花费我整个下午的时间。 Even if/though I were in your place, I wouldn’t take the job. 即使我处于你的位置,我也不会接受这份工作。 Even if/though museums have begged to borrow her collection, she could never split it up.尽管博物馆已恳求过借用她的收藏品，但她永远都不会把收藏品分开。 3.“no matter+特殊疑问词”与“特殊疑问词+-ever”引导的让步状语从句 “no matter+特殊疑问词”相当于“特殊疑问词+-ever”,意为“无论……”,二者都可以引导让步状语从句。 特别提醒 whoever、whatever、whomever、whichever还可以引导名词性从句,但“no matter+特殊疑问词”不可以。 Don’t trust him, no matter what/whatever he says. 无论他说什么都不要相信他。 Whoever presides at the meeting needs patience and tact. 无论谁主持会议,都需要有耐心且机敏。 Two people in love are at home wherever they are, no matter how often they move.无论在哪里，不管多么经常搬家，两个相爱的人都会过得舒舒服服。 4.whether引导的让步状语从句 whether引导让步状语从句时意为“无论是否,不管……(还是……)”,一般和or连用。 Whether you believe it or not, it is true. 不管你相信与否,那都是真的。 Whether she wins or loses, this is her last chance. 不管是赢是输,这都是她的最后一次机会。though，although，even if/though，as，while，no matter＋疑问词，疑问词＋ever，whether...or...(无论……还是……) 【经典练】单句语法填空 ① some students are very good at science, others are talented in liberal arts. ②No matter you say, I won’t believe you anymore. ③ road you take, it will lead you to the station. ④ ___________it is  not your style, that doesn’t mean it is bad. 四、地点状语从句 地点状语从句表示地点、方位,通常由where、wherever (无论在/去什么地方;在任何地方)、everywhere (在/到各个地方;处处)、anywhere (在/到任何地方) 等引导,从句可位于句首、句中或句尾。 We must camp where we can get water.我们必须在能得到水的地方露营。 With a special train ticket you can travel wherever/anywhere you like in Europe for just over ￡100. 你如果持有火车专车票,花一百多一点英镑就可以到欧洲任何你喜欢的地方旅行。 Wherever she goes, there are crowds of people waiting to see her.无论她去哪里，都有成群的人等着见她。 【经典练】完成句子 ①无风不起浪。 ___________________, there is fire. ②在你有疑问的地方做个标记。 Make a mark____________________________. 五、原因状语从句 (1)because语气最强,用来说明直接原因,回答why提出的问题,一般放在主句之后。 I didn’t go to school because I was badly ill. 我没去上学,因为我病得很重。 （2）as常译作“由于”,语气较轻,常表示显而易见的原因;as引导的从句多放在句首，说明次要原因，主句说明结果，常用于口语中。 As it is snowing outside, I stay at home. 由于外面在下雪,所以我待在家里。 (2) since、now that表示双方都知道的原因,语气较弱,引导的原因状语从句多位于主句之前。 Since we are both available, let’s go to see a movie. 既然我们都有空,那我们去看场电影吧。 Now that you’ve listed your strengths, list your imperfections. 既然你已经列出了自己的优点,那也列出你的缺点吧。 （4）seeing that（鉴于；由于）；in that（因为）；considering（考虑到）；when（既然）等也可以引导原因状语从句。 The book is different from that book in that this one is about chemistry and that one about history. 这本书不同于那本书,因为这本是关于化学的,而那本是关于历史的。 Given that they’re inexperienced, they’ve done a good job. 考虑到他们缺乏经验,他们已经做得不错了。 【经典练】完成句子 ①鉴于大家都到场了，我们开始讨论吧。 _______________________________,let's begin our discussion. ②鉴于你已经长大成人，你不应该依赖你父母了。 ______________________,you should not rely on your parents. 六、目的状语从句 (1)引导目的状语从句的有so that、in order that、for fear that、in case等。 (2)so that引导目的状语从句时,常与can、could、may、might等情态动词连用。in order that引导的目的状语从句可以置于主句前或主句后,但so that 引导的目的状语从句往往只位于主句后。 I’ll speak slowly so that you can make sense of what I say. 我会说得慢一些,以便你可以听懂我说的内容。 I get up early in order that I can catch the early bus.=In order that I can catch the early bus, I get up early. 我早起是为了能赶上早班车。 He wrote the name down for fear that he should forget it. 他把名字写下来以免忘记。 You’d better take more clothes in case the weather is cold. 你最好多带些衣服以防天气寒冷。 【经典练】单句语法填空 ①Cathy had quit her job when her son was born________ order that she could stay at home and raise her child. ②I'll be out for some time.________case anything important happens,call me up immediately. 七、结果状语从句 (1)引导结果状语从句的有so that、so...that...、such...that...等。 (2)在so...that...、such...that...结构中,so是副词,修饰形容词或副词  , so还可与表示数量的many、few、much、little连用;such是限定词,修饰名词或名词词组。 He worried so that he couldn’t sleep. 他担心得睡不着。 He always practiced so hard that he made great progress in English. 他总是非常努力地练习,所以他在英语上取得了很大的进步。 The wind was so strong that he could hardly move forward. 风刮得如此猛烈,以至于他几乎寸步难行。 There are so many storybooks that the boy won’t leave. 有那么多儿童故事书,那个男孩都不愿离开了。 The man got such a fright that he dropped the bag and ran away. 这个人吓了一大跳,扔下包逃跑了。 【经典练】单句语法填空 1.Father was _________busy in working _________he often forgot rest or meals. 2.There are so much traffic_________ we can't move forward. 3.Pop music is________ an important part of society that it affects almost every aspect of social life. 4.His idea was such a good one __________we all agreed to accept it. 5.The engineer got killed in rescuing the victims in the Wenchuan earthquake_________ that his wife and son were in need of spirit comfort. 八、方式状语从句 引导方式状语从句的有as(像……一样,按照……的方式)、as if/though(仿佛,好像)。 The old lady treats the boy as if/though he were her own grandson. 这位老太太把男孩当成自己的孙子对待。 Do unto others as you would like others to do unto you. 你希望别人怎样待你,你就要怎样待人。 【误区警示】 as if/though引导方式状语从句与事实相反时，通常用虚拟语气：与现在的情况相反时，用一般过去时；与过去情况相反时，用过去完成时；与将来情况相反时，用“would/could/should/might＋动词原形”。 He had a thick moustache and long white hair, which sometimes white hair stood on end as though he had just received an electric shock.他留着浓密的胡子和长长的白发，有时白发挺立，就好像刚遭了电击。 【经典练】完成句子 ①就我们所能看到的，那个男孩走进来就好像他买下了整个学校。 As far as we all can see, the boy walked in __________________________. ②记住：入乡随俗。 Must remember: When in Rome,_____________________. (用适当的词填空) 九、比较状语从句 用于比较状语从句的有as...as...、not as/so...as...、the same...as...、“比较级+than”、“the+比较级...,the+比较级...”等。 He is taller than any other student in our school. 他比我们学校的其他任何一个学生都高。 Are you as tired as I am? 你和我一样累吗? Apparently, many people believe that the longer time a person spends at work, the more he accomplishes. 很明显，许多人相信一个人工作的时间越长，他(取得)的成就越大。 【经典练】完成句子 1.他跑得不如我快。 He runs _________________. 2.这部电影比我期望的差。 The film was ________________________. 3.他越忙越感到开心。 The busier he is,______________________. 十、状语从句的省略 在表示时间、条件、方式、比较或让步等的状语从句中,如果谓语含有be动词,主语又和主句的主语一致或者主语是it,常把从句中的主语和be动词省略。 Look out for cars when (you are) crossing the street. 过马路时要小心车辆。 Don’t come in until (you are) asked to.不叫你请你不要进来。 If (it is)possible, I’d like to have two copies of it. 如果可能的话,我想要两份。 The exhibition is more interesting than (it was) expected. 这次展览比预料的更有趣。 【经典练】句型转换 1.Generally speaking, when they are taken according to the directions, the drugs have no side effects. →Generally speaking,_____________according to the directions, the drugs have no side effects. 2. Customers, as it is already discussed, have different goals than users. →Customers, ___ already _______, have different goals than users. 二．写作精讲——推荐中国的旅游城市 一、写作分析 推荐类英语作文的目的是向读者介绍一个值得游览的中国城市，并说明其特色和吸引力，以激发读者的兴趣。 2、 篇章结构 开头: 用1-2句话概括中国有许多美丽的旅游城市，直接点明你要推荐的城市，并简要说明推荐理由。 正文： ① 自然景观：描述该城市最具代表性的自然风光（如山川、河流、湖泊等）， 可以提及最佳游览方式（如乘船、徒步等）。 ② 历史文化： 介绍该城市的历史遗迹、传统文化或特色活动。 可以提到当地美食、节日或民俗风情。 ③ 其他亮点： 如果该城市以现代化、购物或夜生活闻名，也可以提及。 结尾：总结推荐理由，并鼓励读者亲自体验。 3、 语言特点 1. 词汇丰富：使用生动的形容词和旅游相关词汇 2. 句式多样：使用简单句、复合句和祈使句 3. 过渡自然：使用连接词使文章流畅。 4. 有说服力：通过具体景点和体验增强推荐的可信度。 1、 常用词汇 （1）描述城市特点： 历史悠久：ancient, historic, time-honored, with a long history 文化丰富：culturally rich, full of cultural heritage 现代化：modern, vibrant, dynamic, developed 风景优美：picturesque, scenic, breathtaking, charming 美食天堂：a paradise for food lovers, famous for its cuisine (2) 著名景点 历史遗迹：historical sites, ancient ruins, cultural relics 博物馆：museum, exhibition hall 自然景观：natural scenery, landscapes, mountains and rivers 地标建筑：landmark, iconic building (3) 旅游体验 探索：explore, discover, experience 欣赏：admire, enjoy, appreciate 品尝美食：taste local dishes, try delicious food 购物：go shopping, buy souvenirs 放松：relax, unwind, enjoy leisure time 二、常用句式 1. If you want to experience China's rich culture and history, ... is the perfect destination. 2. Among China's many amazing cities, ... stands out for its.... 3. Have you ever dreamed of visiting a city that combines ancient traditions with modern life? ...is the place for you! 4.Known as..., ... is famous for its .... 5.With a history of over... years, ... is one of China's most important cultural centers... 6.The city offers a perfect mix of... and..., making it a must-visit destination. 7.No trip to ... is complete without visiting.... 8.One of the most famous attractions is ..., which.... 9.Food lovers will be delighted by..., a traditional specialty. 10. With its rich history, beautiful scenery, and delicious food, ... is a city you'll never forget. 假定你是李华，你校交换生Jim打算寒假期间外出旅游，发来邮件请你推荐一座中国历史文化名城。请你给他回复一封邮件，内容包括： 1．你推荐的城市； 2．推荐理由； 3．食宿建议。 注意：1.内容要包括以上提示，可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 2.词数80左右。 第一步　审题谋篇 体裁 推荐信 时态 一般现在时 主题 推荐中国旅游城市 人称 第三人称 布局 开头：引出要介绍的城市。 主体：说明推荐原因，介绍推荐城市最具代表性的自然风光、历史文化、特色美食等等。 结尾：总结推荐理由，鼓励读者亲自体验。 第二步　要点翻译 1.经过仔细考虑，我决定把西安推荐给你。 After careful consideration, I have ___________________________ Xi'an to you. 2.它被证实曾是13个朝代的都城。 It ___________________________ the capital city of 13 dynasties. 3.西安还是一个非常奇妙的地方，它赋予了东方迷人的艺术和文化以生命力。 Xi'an is also a wonderland, ___________________________. 4.我相信奇妙而具有历史意义的西安一定会引起你的共鸣！ I am sure the wonderful and historic Xi'an will___________________________ you! 第三步　词句升级 用定语从句合并下面两个句子 I was so excited when I learnt that you were planning to travel to another city. The city is testimony to the long history and rich culture of China. →I was so excited when I learnt that you were planning to travel to another city_______is testimony to the long history and rich culture of China. 第四步　连句成篇 _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________ 一、短 语 1.reach a new peak 创新高 2．at the crossroads 在聚会的中心地点 3．the English department 英语系 4.research institute 研究院 5．a nice tune 优美的旋律 6．a work of pure genius 绝对的天才之作 7. have a passion for...酷爱...... 8.publishing house 出版社 9. strike a chord 引起共鸣 10. have a profound effect on对......有重大影响 二、词性转变 1．glorious adj.辉煌的glory n．光荣2．religious adj.宗教的religion n．宗教 3．heavenly adj.天国的heaven n．天堂；天国 4．strengthen v．(使)变强；加强strength n．力量；力气strong adj.强壮的 5．coverage n．覆盖范围cover v．遮盖；包含；报道；支付covering n．覆盖物 6．scholar n．学者scholarship n．奖学金；学问 7．institute n．学院；研究院institution n．机构；习俗；制度8．historian n．历史学家history n．历史 9．prior adj.先前的；较早的priority n．优先考虑的事 10．romance n．传奇故事romantic adj.浪漫的romanticism n．浪漫主义 11．stratagem n．计谋，策略strategy n．战略；策略strategic adj.战略上的；策略的 12．enormous adj.巨大的，庞大的enormously adv.巨大地；庞大地 三、句 子 1. The Apsaras are depicted sailing in the bright blue sky, with their scarves flying, as if they are about to fly down to meet us. 上面画的是飞天在蔚蓝的天空中飞行，他们帔巾飘飘，好像要飞下来迎接我们。 2. The Apsaras are holding lotuses, playing musical instruments, dancing and throwing flowers. 飞天手捧莲花、演奏乐器、跳舞、抛花。 3. This century is bringing the Silk Road to life once more through the Belt and Road Initiative. 21世纪，“一带一路”倡议为丝绸之路带来新生。 4. When I started high school, I began reading books about Chinese history and culture, and this inspired me to choose Chinese Studies as my academic major at university. 上高中时，我开始读中国历史和文化方面的书，这启发我在大学选择了汉学专业。 5. I fell in love with Dream of the Red Chamber the first time I read it, and was determined to translate it into Bulgarian. 我第一次读到《红楼梦》时就喜欢上了它，并决心把它翻译成保加利亚语。 6.Dunhuang’s long and glorious history represents its significance as a center of cultural and commercial exchange. 敦煌悠久而辉煌的历史展现了它作为文化和商业往来中心的重要性。 7. The painting of Apsaras reached a peak during the Tang Dynasty; these images are full of life, reflecting the confidence and optimism of people from that time. 飞天壁画在唐朝达到了顶峰；这些图案栩栩如生，反映了当时人们的自信和乐观。 8. His writing had a profound effect on me, and I have this to thank for my passion for Chinese literature. 他的文章对我影响很大，激发了我对中国文学的热情。 9. Literature has a lot of significance to the French, and Chinese literary works tend to be highly thought of. 文学对法国人来说意义重大，中国的文学作品往往获得很高的评价。 10.I think Egypt and China are closely connected and both have a lot in common. Because of this, Chinese literary works really strike a chord in the hearts of Egyptian readers. 我认为埃及和中国联系密切，有许多共同之处。正因为如此，中国文学作品才真正引起了埃及读者的共鸣。 1. The world is a book, and those who do not travel read only one page. — Saint Augustine 世界是一本书，不旅行的人只读了一页。 ——圣奥古斯丁 2.To have another language is to possess a second soul. — Charlemagne 掌握另一门语言，就是拥有第二个灵魂。 ——查理曼大帝 3. Cultural differences should not separate us from each other, but rather cultural diversity brings a collective strength that can benefit all of humanity. —Robert Alan 文化差异不应将我们彼此分离，相反，文化多样性能带来集体力量，造福全人类。 ——罗伯特·艾伦 4. The more I learn about other cultures, the more I realize how much we share in common. — Queen Rania of Jordan 我越了解其他文化，就越意识到我们有多少共同点。 ——约旦王后拉尼娅 1 / 22 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 3 The World Meets China Unit1 话题 人与自我 词汇 1.gateway 　2.oasis 　3.boast 　4.grotto 5.testimony 6.statue 7.mural 8.immortal 9.scroll 10.ceramics 11.expo 12.Sinologist 13.temple 14.shepherd 15.chamber 16.kingdom 短语 1.be testimony to ……的证明2．date from 追溯到 3．seal up 密封4．fade from 从……逐渐消失 5．bring...to life 使……焕发生机/苏醒6.prior to 在……之前，先于……7．be exposed to 暴露在……，接触到……8．keep an eye on 照看，留神，留意 9．on the whole 总的来说，总体而言10．think highly of 对……评价很高，欣赏…… 句型 1．Gradually，it faded from memory，even though it was once such a great city. 2．Dunhuang has once again become a global crossroads since it hosted hundreds of representatives from 51 countries for the Silk Road International Cultural Expo in 2017. 3．Given that the theme of the Expo was to promote cultural exchange and strengthen mutual cooperation between the countries along the Silk Road，Dunhuang was the ideal place. 4．Now that this dream has come true，my next goal is to translate The Romance of the Three Kingdoms. 5．I’ve so far translated the writings of Han Han，and I am now working on those of Xu Zechen. 语法 复习状语从句 写作 推荐中国旅游城市 考点1.date from起源于；追溯到 Dating from 405 AD to 1002 AD，these hidden treasures give us a picture of Dunhuang when it was at the very centre of the Silk Road trade.追溯到公元405年到1002年，这些珍藏的宝贝清楚地向我们描绘了敦煌作为丝绸之路贸易中心时的场景。 【拓展】 (1)date from＝date back to 起源于；追溯到 (2)set a date for 确定……的日期 have a date with sb. 与某人约会 out of date 过时的 up to date 现代的；最新的 【经典练】 ①The historical architecture dates from/ back to the 12th century.这座历史建筑可以追溯到12世纪。 ②The dictionary is out of date: many words have been added to the language since it was published. 这本词典已经过时了：自它出版以来，这门语言已经增加了许多单词。 ③The musical instrument dating back to the Tang Dynasty is still in good condition. 追溯到唐朝的这件乐器仍旧保存完好。 [名师提醒]　 date from/date back to常用于一般现在时，没有进行时态和被动语态。常用现在分词作定语或状语。 考点2. bring...to life使复苏；(使)变得生动；(使)变得有趣 This century is bringing the Silk Road to life once more through the Belt and Road Initiative.本世纪通过“一带一路”倡议，丝绸之路重获生机。 【拓展】 come to life复活，苏醒；变得活跃，变得更有趣 full of life充满活力；精力充沛;生气勃勃 lead/live a...life过着……的生活 start/make a new life开始/创造新生活 【经典练】 ①The new teacher really brought French to life for us.这位新来的老师把我们的法语课教得生动活泼。 ②She led/lived a happy life with her sister and brother.她和弟弟妹妹一起过着幸福的生活。 ③They represent the earth coming to life and best wishes for new beginnings. 它们代表着大地的苏醒和对新的开始的最美好的祝愿。  ④The town itself was full of life.这座城镇本身就充满了活力。 [名师提醒] bring...(back) to life是及物动词短语，可用于被动语态。 come (back) to life意为“苏醒”，是不及物动词短语，不可用于被动语态。 【好句背默】 ⑤We tried in vain to bring the drowned swimmer back to life.我们试图让溺水的游泳者苏醒过来，却是徒然。 考点3. fade from从……逐渐消失 Gradually, it faded from memory, even though it was once such a great city. 尽管它（敦煌）曾经是一个如此繁华的城市，但它还是渐渐淡出了（人们的）记忆。 【拓展】 fade away逐渐消失;衰弱,病重死亡 fade in(使)(画面)淡入,(使)渐显;(使)(声音)渐强 fade out(使)(画面)淡出,(使)渐隐;(使)(声音)渐弱 【经典练】 ①Your enthusiasm for running may fade away. However, only with persistence can you have a stronger body.你对跑步的热情可能会逐渐消失,然而,只有坚持(锻炼)你才能拥有更强壮的身体。 ②Additional background sound is faded in at the beginning of the shot.镜头一开始，附加的背景音渐渐响起。 ③He slid a control to fade out the music.他滑动控制器，让音乐声减弱。 考点4. Given that the theme of the Expo was to promote cultural exchange and strengthen mutual cooperation between the countries along the Silk Road，Dunhuang was the ideal place.鉴于本次博览会的主题是促进丝绸之路沿线国家文化交流和相互协作，敦煌是一个理想的地方。 (1)given that用作连词，意为“鉴于……；考虑到……”；引导原因状语从句 【拓展】 (1)be given to sth./to doing sth.经常做；习惯于 (2)give back 归还；使恢复 give in (to) 屈服；让步；交上 give off 发出(气味、光、热)；散发 give out 分发；用完；耗尽；发布 give up 放弃；认输 give way to 给……让路/让步；被……代替 【经典练】 ①Given good health, I hope to finish the work this year.鉴于健康状况良好，我希望今年完成这项工作。 ②Given that the female cat is not at home, the little cat can only play at home. 母猫不在家，小猫只能在家玩耍。 ③Given that he is not an English major, his spoken English is really excellent. 考虑到他不是英语专业的，他的英语口语确实很好。 (2)strengthen v．加强；增强；巩固 【拓展】 (1)strengths and weaknesses 优势和劣势 build up one's strength 增强体质 have the strength to do sth. 有做某事的力量 with all one's strength 竭尽全力 (2)strength n. 体力，力气；长处，优势；力量；毅力 strong adj. 强壮的；坚强的 【经典练】 ①It will draw you closer together, and it will strengthen the bond of your relationship.它会拉近你们的距离，而且它会巩固你们之间联系的纽带。 ②The ability to keep calm is one of her many strengths. 能够保持冷静是她的众多长处之一。 ③People have strong feelings about this issue.人们对这个问题反应强烈。 【好句背默】 ④You can practise yoga to strengthen the immune system and build up strength and make your body stronger than it used to be.(strong) 你可以通过练习瑜伽来增强免疫系统、增强体质，并使你的身体比以往更强壮。 考点5.prior adj.先前的;较早的;优先的 Prior to that, the only great historical works I had been exposed to were Homer’s epic poems.在那之前,我唯一接触过的历史巨作是荷马的史诗。 【拓展】 (1) prior to  在……之前,先于某事 a prior engagement 　事先的约定     prior notice提前通知 (2)priority n.优先事项;首要事情;优先,优先权 the first priority 头等大事 a top priority 当务之急 take priority over 排在……之前,比……有优先性 【经典练】 ①Refund requests must be made a minimum of 7 days prior to the event. 退款请求必须在活动前最少七天提出。 ②They insist that the right to live should take priority over all other considerations. 他们坚决要求,生存权利应放在其他一切考虑因素之上。 ③He always gives priority to others rather than to himself. 他总是优先考虑别人而不是他自己。 【好句背默】 ④Nowadays the priority for travelling is shifted from shopping to food and scenery. 如今,旅游中优先考虑的事情从购物转变成了(品尝)食物和(欣赏)风景。 考点6. be exposed to...接触…… Prior to that, the only great historical works I had been exposed to were Homer’s epic poems.在那之前,我唯一接触过的历史巨作是荷马的史诗。  【拓展】 (1)expose v.暴露,显露;使接触, expose...to... 使……暴露于/接触…… (2) exposure n.暴露;揭露 exposure to面临/遭受(危险或不快);接触,体验 【经典练】 ①He did not want to expose his fears and anxiety to anyone. 他不想向任何人显露他的恐惧与不安。 ②They often cover only their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies exposed.他们通常只用手遮住眼睛,而身体的其他部分则暴露在外。  ③Many people in China have limited exposure to English.许多中国人对英语的接触有限。 【好句背默】 ④We want to expose the kids to as much art and culture as possible. 我们想让孩子们受到尽可能多的艺术和文化熏陶。 考点7.promote vt.促进，推动；促销；推销；提升，晋升；将(运动队)晋级 After six attempts, over a period of twelve years, Chinese monk Jianzhen arrived in Japan, where he promoted exchange and understanding between China and Japan.经过十二年的努力、六次尝试后，中国鉴真和尚来到日本，促进了中日之间的交流和理解。 【拓展】 (1)promote sth. as sth. 把某物推广为某物 (2)promotion n. 提升；晋升；促销；促进；提倡，倡导 promotional adj. 推销的；广告宣传的；推广的 【经典练】 ①The purpose of the campaign is to promote our awareness of environmental issues.这项运动的目的是提高我们的环保意识。 ②GPs have a vital role to play in health promotion.普通医师对促进健康起着极其重要的作用。 ③The school made a short promotional video.学校录制了一个宣传短片。 ④He was promoted to editor and then editorial director.他晋升为编辑，之后又晋升为编辑部主任。 ⑤The area is being promoted as a tourist destination.这个地区正被推广为旅游点。 【好句背默】 ⑥Actually, some discount on your price would make it easier for us to promote sales, you know. 您知道的，事实上，在您的价格基础上打一些折扣，我们会更容易促销。 考点8. (教材原句P27)　In a sealed cave，now known as the famous Library Cave，were hidden thousands of manuscripts，paintings and scrolls ，as well as silk embroideries. 在一个密封的洞里，也就是闻名的“藏经洞”里，珍藏了数以万计的手稿、绘画、经卷，还有丝质刺绣。 本句是介词短语置于句首的倒装句式。有时为了保持句子平衡或使上下文衔接紧密,可将用作地点状语的介词短语置于句首,此时句子需使用完全倒装,即把谓语放到主语前面。 其正常语序是：Thousands of manuscripts，paintings and scrolls ，as well as silk embroideries were hidden in a sealed cave，now known as the famous Library Cave. 【拓展】 (1)out，in，down，up，away，here，now，then，there等表示方位、地点和时间的副词置于句首，且主语是名词时，句子用完全倒装。 (2)表示地点的介词短语置于句首，且主语是名词时，句子用完全倒装。 (3)作表语的形容词、分词短语提到系动词前面时，句子也用完全倒装，即“形容词/分词＋系动词＋主语”结构。 (4)代词such置于句首，且在句中作表语时，句子用完全倒装。 【经典练】 ①Out of the yard came running a big dog, which barked fiercely.院子里跑出一条大狗，叫得很凶。 ②Under the desk sleeps a cat. 桌子下面睡着一只猫。 ③At the foot of the mountain lies a beautiful village, which is my hometown. 山脚下有一个美丽的村庄,那是我的家乡。 ④Into the dark house walked my sister，who was quite surprised when we shouted Happy Birthday. 我妹妹走进了黑暗的房间，当我们喊生日快乐时，她很惊讶。 [名师提醒]　 (1)此类倒装的句子的谓语常是表存在意义的动词,如be、lie、stand、live、exist、sit 、come、go，等，且句子的主语为名词。 (2)如果句子的主语为人称代词，不用倒装语序。 (3)此类倒装的句子谓语动词的人称和数要和句子主语保持一致。 考点9. The scrolls are so detailed that they describe the vast range of goods that were imported and exported from Dunhuang，such as ceramics，medicine，perfumes and fruit，to name just a few. 这些卷轴如此详细，向我们清楚地描述了进出敦煌的大量货物，比如：陶器、药物、香水和水果，这里仅举几例。 句式分析：本句是so...that...引导的结果状语从句。 【拓展】 引导结果状语从句的从属连词有：so that，so...that...，such...that...。在非正式语体中，由so...that...，such...that...引导的句子中的that可以省略，注意其结构： 【经典练】 ①It is so cold that you can't go outside unless fully covered in thick clothes.天太冷了，你不能外出，除非穿上厚厚的衣服。 ②There was so much noise outside that we couldn't concentrate on our study.外面嘈杂声很大，以致我们不能全神贯注地学习。 ③He spoke with such enthusiasm that everyone was inspired. 他说话如此热情，以至于每个人都受到了鼓舞。 [名师提醒]　 当so或such置于句首时，主句要用倒装语序，用以强调形容词和副词。 【好句背默】 ④It was such a difficult problem that nobody could solve it. 这个问题如此困难，以至于没人能解决。 考点10. In the Ming Dynasty，trade routes changed and Dunhuang was not as prosperous as it used to be. 到了明代，随着贸易路线的变迁，敦煌不再像以前那样繁荣了。 【拓展】 本句是用了as...as 的结构表达倍数。 常见表示“倍数”的句型： (1)倍数＋as＋many/much＋n.＋as (2)倍数＋as＋adj./adv.＋as (3)倍数＋形容词比较级/副词比较级＋than (4)倍数＋the size/length/height/depth/width＋of 【经典练】 ①That is to say，there are three times as many girls as boys.换句话说，女孩的数量是男孩的三倍。 ②The earth is 49 times the size of the moon.地球是月球的49倍。 ③The population of this city is four times larger than that city. 这座城市的人口是那座的四倍。 [名师提醒] 表示“两倍”时用twice或double，三倍或三倍以上用“基数词＋times”表达。此句型中倍数也可以用分数、百分数、half等其他程度状语。 【好句背默】 ④The new phone is twice as expensive as the old model. 新手机比旧款贵一倍。 考点11. If only there was greater awareness of Chinese language and literature in my country.要是我的国家对中国语言和文学有更多的了解就好了。  【拓展】 if only...要是……就好了，通常用来表示不太能实现的愿望,常用虚拟语气。 ①表示现在  较难实现的愿望时用“if only sb./sth. did/were...”。 ②表示与过去   事实相反的愿望时用“if only sb./sth. had done...”。 ③表示与将来   事实相反的愿望用“if only sb./sth. would/could do...”。 【经典练】 ①If only he were not so shy! 他要是不这么腼腆就好了! ②If only I had left for the island yesterday! 我昨天要是起程前往那个岛就好了! ③If only I could be admitted to my ideal university next year. 要是明年我能被我理想的大学录取就好了。 [名师提醒] if only意为“但愿……;要是……就好了”,通常用来表示说话人对某事所寄予的某种强烈愿望,常用虚拟语气；only if意为“只有……(才);只有在……的时候(才);唯一的条件是……”;若用于句首,后接从句,主句要部分倒装。 【好句背默】 ④Only if I get a job will I have enough money to buy a big house. 我只有找到一份工作才会有足够的钱买大房子。 1． 语法精讲——复习状语从句 1.You can only imagine how travelers felt when they saw the oasis of Dunhuang ahead of them. 2.If you look up, you can see the paintings and other artworks that are testimony to how the Silk Road brought East and West together. 3.The Apsaras are depicted sailing in the bright blue sky， with their scarves flying, as if they are about to fly down to meet us. 4.In the Ming Dynasty, trade routes changed and Dunhuang was not as prosperous as it used to be. 5.Gradually, it faded from memory, even though it was once such a great city. 6.Given that the theme of the Expo was to promote cultural exchange and strengthen mutual cooperation between the countries along the Silk Road, Dunhuang was the ideal place. 观察上面的句子，其中加黑部分都是高中阶段需要掌握的状语从句，它们分别是时间状语从句、条件状语从句、方式状语从句、比较状语从句、让步状语从句、条件状语从句。 状语从句是指在句子中作状语，起副词作用的从句。状语从句用来修饰句中谓语动词、非谓语动词、定语、状语或整个句子。根据其作用一般分为：时间状语从句、地点状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、比较状语从句等。一般由从属连词引导，也可由连词词组引导。位于句首或句中时常用逗号与主句隔开，位于句尾时可以不用逗号。 一、时间状语从句 1.when、while与as引导的时间状语从句 (1) when  意为“当……时”,引导时间状语从句时从句的动作和主句的动作可以同时发生,也可以先后发生,从句的谓语动词可以是延续性动词,也可以是非延续性动词。 He’ll be angry when he hears the news.他听到这个消息会生气的。 It was raining when we arrived.我们到达时，天正在下雨。 when引导时间状语从句，还可意为“正在这时”，表示某件事正在发生或刚刚发生时，突然发生另一动作。 be about to do....when...正准备做某事，这时·… be doing...when...正在做某事，这时…… be on the point of doing...when...正要做某事，这时·· had just done...when...刚做完某事，这时…··… Tom was about to close the window when his attention was caught by a bird. 汤姆正准备关窗户，这时他的注意力被一只鸟吸引住了。 (2) while   意为“与……同时,在……期间”,引导时间状语从句时从句的谓语动词常用延续性动词或表示状态的动词,从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生或主句动作在从句动作的进行过程中发生。 While I was reading, he came in. 我正在看书时,他进来了。 While I was watching TV, the bell rang. 我在看电视时，铃响了。 (3)as引导时间状语从句时一般表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时发生,可译为“一边……一边……;随着”。 The students sang as they walked. 学生们边走边唱。 As she grew older, she gained in confidence.随着年龄的增长，她的自信心增强了。 2.表示“一……就……”的连词引导的时间状语从句 (1)as soon as、the moment/minute/instant、instantly、immediately、directly等连词用于句中描述当前的动作或状态。 Instantly/Immediately/Directly you feel any pain, you must go to the doctor. 你一感觉到任何痛苦就必须去看医生。 The moment/minute/instant the clown appeared on the stage, the audience laughed uproariously. 小丑一出现在舞台上,观众就哄然大笑。 (3) 在hardly/scarcely...when...和no sooner...than...结构中,主句应用过去完成时 ,从句应用一般过去时;当no sooner...和hardly/scarcely...位于句首时,主句要用部分倒装  。 The votes had scarcely been counted, when the telephone rang. 选票一统计好，电话就响了。 Hardly/Scarcely had he heard the news when he began to cry. 他一听到这个消息就开始哭。 No sooner had he gone to bed than his parents returned. 他刚去睡觉,他爸妈就回来了。 3.until与till引导的时间状语从句 (1)until引导的时间状语从句可以在主句之前,也可以在主句之后;till引导的时间状语从句常放在主句之后。 (2)not until...位于句首时,主句要部分倒装。not until...可用于强调句型中,对not until...部分进行强调。 (3)当until/till引导时间状语从句时,若主句为肯定句,则until/till意为“直到……为止 ”,主句的谓语需用延续性动词;若主句为否定句,主句的谓语需用非延续性动词,not...until/till...意为“直到……才…… ”。 I had waited a long time until/till he came back. 我等了很长时间,直到他回来。 You can’t leave until/till I come back. 直到我回来你才可以离开。 Not until he told me about it again did I have any idea of it. 直到他又告诉我一遍这件事我才明白。 It was not until he told me about it again that I had any idea of it. 直到他又告诉我一遍这件事我才明白。 4.引导时间状语从句的其他常见短语 (1)一些表示时间的名词词组可以引导时间状语从句,这些名词词组有each/every time、the first(或其他序数词)time、(the)next/last time、the year/day/week等。 You were very young the first time I saw you. 我第一次见到你的时候你还很小。 Next time you come, be sure to take your little daughter with you. 下次你来时,一定要带你的小女儿一起来。 Every time I met her I always forget her name. 每次我见到地时，我总忘了她的名字。 You are welcome to come back any time you want to. 你想回来随时可以回来。 (2)by the time引导的时间状语从句如果用一般现在时,则主句用将来完成时;从句如果用一般过去时,则主句用过去完成时。 By the time you come back, we will have finished the job. 到你回来的时候,我们将已经完成了这项工作。 By the time we got there, the rain had stopped. 当我们到那儿时,雨已经停了。 5.before引导的时间状语从句 before意为“在……之前;经过……之后才……;到……为止”。before引导时间状语从句时的常用句式有: It will be+一段时间+before... 过……(时间)才…… It won’t be+一段时间+before...过不了……(时间)就…… It will be half a year before I come back. 我半年之后才会回来。 It won’t be long before we meet again. 用不了多久我们就会再见面。 6.since引导的时间状语从句 since意为“自从……以来”, 其引导时间状语从句时的常用句式为:It is/has been+一段时间+since... (从句用一般过去时)。since引导的时间状语从句的谓语如果是非延续性动词,则表示自从句谓语表示的动作算起;如果是延续性动词或表状态的动词,则表示自从句谓语表示的动作或状态完成或结束时算起。 It’s two years since we arrived here. 我们到这儿两年了。 It’s three years since she was in our class. 她离开我们班有三年了。 【经典练】单句语法填空 ①With global warming becoming more and more serious, it won’t be long some coastal cities disappear. ②The young lady rushed into the room (instant) she heard the noise. ③Not I got back home did my daughter go to bed. ④I’d fallen asleep I heard Dad’s phone ringing. 【答案】1.before 2.instantly 3.until 4.when 二、条件状语从句 (1)引导条件状语从句的常见引导词有if、unless、as/so long as、in case、on condition that、supposing(that)、provided/providing (that)、only if等。 (2)在条件状语从句中,常用一般现在时  代替一般将来时,用一般过去时代替过去将来时。 If you fail the exam, you will let him down. 如果你考试不及格,你会让他失望的。 You will fail to arrive there in time unless you start earlier. 如果你不早点动身,你就不能及时赶到那儿。 I can tell you the truth on condition that you promise to keep a secret. 我可以告诉你真相,条件是你答应保密。 Supposing it rains, shall we continue the sports meeting? 假设下雨了,我们还要继续举行运动会吗? He won’t be against us in the meeting provided that we ask for his advice in advance. 如果我们提前征求一下他的意见,他就不会在会上反对我们。 【经典练】单句语法填空 ①Jim says we can stay in his house _____________we leave it clean and tidy. ②It’s worth it my old partner turns up. ③You will never gain success___________ you are fully devoted to your work. 【答案】1.as long as 2.if 3. unless 三、让步状语从句 1.although、though、as与while引导的让步状语从句 (1)although引导让步状语从句时,只能用正常语序;though引导让步状语从句时,可用正常语序,也可用倒装语序;as引导让步状语从句时,通常用倒装语序,即将从句中的表语、状语或谓语中的实义动词置于从句句首,行为动词前置时，从句主语后面要用may，might，can，could，will，would；若没有，需加上do(does或did)。 若表语是单数可数名词,前置时要省略冠词 。 (2)although和though都可以与yet、still、nevertheless连用,但不能与but连用。 (3)while引导的让步状语从句一般位于句首。 Child though/as he is, he knows a lot. 尽管他还是一个孩子,但他懂很多东西。 Although/Though it’s raining,they are still working in the field.虽然在下雨,但他们仍在地里干活。 Although/Though/While I admit that there are problems, I don’t think that they cannot be solved. 尽管我承认有问题,但我认为这些问题可以解决。 Search as they would here and there, they could find nothing in the room.他们尽管到处寻找，但在房间里找不到任何东西。 Change your mind as/though you do, you will get no help from us.你即使改变主意，也得不到我们的帮助。 Youngest as/though he is in our class, he speaks English best.他虽然是我们班年龄最小的，但英语说得最好。 2.even if与even though引导的让步状语从句 even if与even though表示“即使,纵然”,引导让步状语从句时,可用虚拟语气,也可以用陈述语气。 I want to do it, even if/though it will take me all the afternoon. 我想要做这件事,即使它将花费我整个下午的时间。 Even if/though I were in your place, I wouldn’t take the job. 即使我处于你的位置,我也不会接受这份工作。 Even if/though museums have begged to borrow her collection, she could never split it up.尽管博物馆已恳求过借用她的收藏品，但她永远都不会把收藏品分开。 3.“no matter+特殊疑问词”与“特殊疑问词+-ever”引导的让步状语从句 “no matter+特殊疑问词”相当于“特殊疑问词+-ever”,意为“无论……”,二者都可以引导让步状语从句。 特别提醒 whoever、whatever、whomever、whichever还可以引导名词性从句,但“no matter+特殊疑问词”不可以。 Don’t trust him, no matter what/whatever he says. 无论他说什么都不要相信他。 Whoever presides at the meeting needs patience and tact. 无论谁主持会议,都需要有耐心且机敏。 Two people in love are at home wherever they are, no matter how often they move.无论在哪里，不管多么经常搬家，两个相爱的人都会过得舒舒服服。 4.whether引导的让步状语从句 whether引导让步状语从句时意为“无论是否,不管……(还是……)”,一般和or连用。 Whether you believe it or not, it is true. 不管你相信与否,那都是真的。 Whether she wins or loses, this is her last chance. 不管是赢是输,这都是她的最后一次机会。though，although，even if/though，as，while，no matter＋疑问词，疑问词＋ever，whether...or...(无论……还是……) 【经典练】单句语法填空 ① some students are very good at science, others are talented in liberal arts. ②No matter you say, I won’t believe you anymore. ③ road you take, it will lead you to the station. ④ ___________it is  not your style, that doesn’t mean it is bad. 【答案】1.While 2.what 3.Whichever 4.Even though/if 四、地点状语从句 地点状语从句表示地点、方位,通常由where、wherever (无论在/去什么地方;在任何地方)、everywhere (在/到各个地方;处处)、anywhere (在/到任何地方) 等引导,从句可位于句首、句中或句尾。 We must camp where we can get water.我们必须在能得到水的地方露营。 With a special train ticket you can travel wherever/anywhere you like in Europe for just over ￡100. 你如果持有火车专车票,花一百多一点英镑就可以到欧洲任何你喜欢的地方旅行。 Wherever she goes, there are crowds of people waiting to see her.无论她去哪里，都有成群的人等着见她。 【经典练】完成句子 ①无风不起浪。 ___________________, there is fire. ②在你有疑问的地方做个标记。 Make a mark____________________________. 【答案】1.wherever there is smoke 2. where you have any doubts or questions. 五、原因状语从句 (1)because语气最强,用来说明直接原因,回答why提出的问题,一般放在主句之后。 I didn’t go to school because I was badly ill. 我没去上学,因为我病得很重。 （2）as常译作“由于”,语气较轻,常表示显而易见的原因;as引导的从句多放在句首，说明次要原因，主句说明结果，常用于口语中。 As it is snowing outside, I stay at home. 由于外面在下雪,所以我待在家里。 (3) since、now that表示双方都知道的原因,语气较弱,引导的原因状语从句多位于主句之前。 Since we are both available, let’s go to see a movie. 既然我们都有空,那我们去看场电影吧。 Now that you’ve listed your strengths, list your imperfections. 既然你已经列出了自己的优点,那也列出你的缺点吧。 （4）seeing that（鉴于；由于）；in that（因为）；considering（考虑到）；when（既然）等也可以引导原因状语从句。 The book is different from that book in that this one is about chemistry and that one about history. 这本书不同于那本书,因为这本是关于化学的,而那本是关于历史的。 Given that they’re inexperienced, they’ve done a good job. 考虑到他们缺乏经验,他们已经做得不错了。 【经典练】完成句子 ①鉴于大家都到场了，我们开始讨论吧。 _______________________________,let's begin our discussion. ②鉴于你已经长大成人，你不应该依赖你父母了。 ______________________,you should not rely on your parents. 【答案】1.Considering(that) everybody is here 2. Now (that) you have grown up 六、目的状语从句 (1)引导目的状语从句的有so that、in order that、for fear that、in case等。 (2)so that引导目的状语从句时,常与can、could、may、might等情态动词连用。in order that引导的目的状语从句可以置于主句前或主句后,但so that 引导的目的状语从句往往只位于主句后。 I’ll speak slowly so that you can make sense of what I say. 我会说得慢一些,以便你可以听懂我说的内容。 I get up early in order that I can catch the early bus.=In order that I can catch the early bus, I get up early. 我早起是为了能赶上早班车。 He wrote the name down for fear that he should forget it. 他把名字写下来以免忘记。 You’d better take more clothes in case the weather is cold. 你最好多带些衣服以防天气寒冷。 【经典练】单句语法填空 ①Cathy had quit her job when her son was born________ order that she could stay at home and raise her child. ②I'll be out for some time.________case anything important happens,call me up immediately. 【答案】1 in 2 In 七、结果状语从句 (1)引导结果状语从句的有so that、so...that...、such...that...等。 (2)在so...that...、such...that...结构中,so是副词,修饰形容词或副词  , so还可与表示数量的many、few、much、little连用;such是限定词,修饰名词或名词词组。 He worried so that he couldn’t sleep. 他担心得睡不着。 He always practiced so hard that he made great progress in English. 他总是非常努力地练习,所以他在英语上取得了很大的进步。 The wind was so strong that he could hardly move forward. 风刮得如此猛烈,以至于他几乎寸步难行。 There are so many storybooks that the boy won’t leave. 有那么多儿童故事书,那个男孩都不愿离开了。 The man got such a fright that he dropped the bag and ran away. 这个人吓了一大跳,扔下包逃跑了。 【经典练】单句语法填空 1.Father was _________busy in working _________he often forgot rest or meals. 2.There are so much traffic_________ we can't move forward. 3.Pop music is________ an important part of society that it affects almost every aspect of social life. 4.His idea was such a good one __________we all agreed to accept it. 5.The engineer got killed in rescuing the victims in the Wenchuan earthquake_________ that his wife and son were in need of spirit comfort. 【答案】1 so; that 2 that 3 such 4 that 5 so 八、方式状语从句 引导方式状语从句的有as(像……一样,按照……的方式)、as if/though(仿佛,好像)。 The old lady treats the boy as if/though he were her own grandson. 这位老太太把男孩当成自己的孙子对待。 Do unto others as you would like others to do unto you. 你希望别人怎样待你,你就要怎样待人。 【误区警示】 as if/though引导方式状语从句与事实相反时，通常用虚拟语气：与现在的情况相反时，用一般过去时；与过去情况相反时，用过去完成时；与将来情况相反时，用“would/could/should/might＋动词原形”。 He had a thick moustache and long white hair, which sometimes white hair stood on end as though he had just received an electric shock.他留着浓密的胡子和长长的白发，有时白发挺立，就好像刚遭了电击。 【经典练】完成句子 ①就我们所能看到的，那个男孩走进来就好像他买下了整个学校。 As far as we all can see, the boy walked in __________________________. ②记住：入乡随俗。 Must remember: When in Rome,_____________________. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】1.as if he had bought the whole school 2.do as the Romans do 九、比较状语从句 用于比较状语从句的有as...as...、not as/so...as...、the same...as...、“比较级+than”、“the+比较级...,the+比较级...”等。 He is taller than any other student in our school. 他比我们学校的其他任何一个学生都高。 Are you as tired as I am? 你和我一样累吗? Apparently, many people believe that the longer time a person spends at work, the more he accomplishes. 很明显，许多人相信一个人工作的时间越长，他(取得)的成就越大。 【经典练】完成句子 1.他跑得不如我快。 He runs _________________. 2.这部电影比我期望的差。 The film was ________________________. 3.他越忙越感到开心。 The busier he is,______________________. 【答案】1.less fast than me 2.not so/as good as I had expected 3.the happier he feels 十、状语从句的省略 在表示时间、条件、方式、比较或让步等的状语从句中,如果谓语含有be动词,主语又和主句的主语一致或者主语是it,常把从句中的主语和be动词省略。 Look out for cars when (you are) crossing the street. 过马路时要小心车辆。 Don’t come in until (you are) asked to.不叫你请你不要进来。 If (it is)possible, I’d like to have two copies of it. 如果可能的话,我想要两份。 The exhibition is more interesting than (it was) expected. 这次展览比预料的更有趣。 【经典练】句型转换 1.Generally speaking, when they are taken according to the directions, the drugs have no side effects. →Generally speaking,_____________according to the directions, the drugs have no side effects. 2. Customers, as it is already discussed, have different goals than users. →Customers, ___ already _______, have different goals than users. 【答案】1.when taken     2.as ; discussed 二．写作精讲——推荐中国的旅游城市 一、写作分析 推荐类英语作文的目的是向读者介绍一个值得游览的中国城市，并说明其特色和吸引力，以激发读者的兴趣。 2、 篇章结构 开头: 用1-2句话概括中国有许多美丽的旅游城市，直接点明你要推荐的城市，并简要说明推荐理由。 正文： ① 自然景观：描述该城市最具代表性的自然风光（如山川、河流、湖泊等）， 可以提及最佳游览方式（如乘船、徒步等）。 ② 历史文化： 介绍该城市的历史遗迹、传统文化或特色活动。 可以提到当地美食、节日或民俗风情。 ③ 其他亮点： 如果该城市以现代化、购物或夜生活闻名，也可以提及。 结尾：总结推荐理由，并鼓励读者亲自体验。 3、 语言特点 1. 词汇丰富：使用生动的形容词和旅游相关词汇 2. 句式多样：使用简单句、复合句和祈使句 3. 过渡自然：使用连接词使文章流畅。 4. 有说服力：通过具体景点和体验增强推荐的可信度。 1、 常用词汇 （1）描述城市特点： 历史悠久：ancient, historic, time-honored, with a long history 文化丰富：culturally rich, full of cultural heritage 现代化：modern, vibrant, dynamic, developed 风景优美：picturesque, scenic, breathtaking, charming 美食天堂：a paradise for food lovers, famous for its cuisine (2) 著名景点 历史遗迹：historical sites, ancient ruins, cultural relics 博物馆：museum, exhibition hall 自然景观：natural scenery, landscapes, mountains and rivers 地标建筑：landmark, iconic building (3) 旅游体验 探索：explore, discover, experience 欣赏：admire, enjoy, appreciate 品尝美食：taste local dishes, try delicious food 购物：go shopping, buy souvenirs 放松：relax, unwind, enjoy leisure time 二、常用句式 1. If you want to experience China's rich culture and history, ... is the perfect destination. 2. Among China's many amazing cities, ... stands out for its.... 3. Have you ever dreamed of visiting a city that combines ancient traditions with modern life? ...is the place for you! 4.Known as..., ... is famous for its .... 5.With a history of over... years, ... is one of China's most important cultural centers... 6.The city offers a perfect mix of... and..., making it a must-visit destination. 7.No trip to ... is complete without visiting.... 8.One of the most famous attractions is ..., which.... 9.Food lovers will be delighted by..., a traditional specialty. 10. With its rich history, beautiful scenery, and delicious food, ... is a city you'll never forget. 假定你是李华，你校交换生Jim打算寒假期间外出旅游，发来邮件请你推荐一座中国历史文化名城。请你给他回复一封邮件，内容包括： 1．你推荐的城市； 2．推荐理由； 3．食宿建议。 注意：1.内容要包括以上提示，可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 2.词数80左右。 第一步　审题谋篇 体裁 推荐信 时态 一般现在时 主题 推荐中国旅游城市 人称 第三人称 布局 开头：引出要介绍的城市。 主体：说明推荐原因，介绍推荐城市最具代表性的自然风光、历史文化、特色美食等等。 结尾：总结推荐理由，鼓励读者亲自体验。 第二步　要点翻译 1.经过仔细考虑，我决定把西安推荐给你。 After careful consideration, I have ___________________________ Xi'an to you. 2.它被证实曾是13个朝代的都城。 It ___________________________ the capital city of 13 dynasties. 3.西安还是一个非常奇妙的地方，它赋予了东方迷人的艺术和文化以生命力。 Xi'an is also a wonderland, ___________________________. 4.我相信奇妙而具有历史意义的西安一定会引起你的共鸣！ I am sure the wonderful and historic Xi'an will___________________________ you! 【答案】1.determined to recommend 2.was proved to be 3.which brings the fascinating art and culture of the East to life 4. strike a chord with 第三步　词句升级 用定语从句合并下面两个句子 I was so excited when I learnt that you were planning to travel to another city. The city is testimony to the long history and rich culture of China. →I was so excited when I learnt that you were planning to travel to another city_______is testimony to the long history and rich culture of China. 【答案】which 第四步　连句成篇 Dear Jim， I was so excited when I learnt that you were planning to travel to another city which is testimony to the long history and rich culture of China.After careful consideration, I have determined to recommend Xi'an to you. It was proved to be the capital city of 13 dynasties where you can be exposed to countless historic relics, such as the Terra­cotta Warriors and the Dayan Pagoda.Xi'an is also a wonderland, which brings the fascinating art and culture of the East to life.You can choose to live someplace near the ancient city wall, which provides both good views and convenient transportation.What's more, the bustling snack street in the downtown is a must for tourists. I am sure the wonderful and historic Xi'an will strike a chord with you! Yours， Li Hua 一、短 语 1.reach a new peak 创新高 2．at the crossroads 在聚会的中心地点 3．the English department 英语系 4.research institute 研究院 5．a nice tune 优美的旋律 6．a work of pure genius 绝对的天才之作 7. have a passion for...酷爱...... 8.publishing house 出版社 9. strike a chord 引起共鸣 10. have a profound effect on对......有重大影响 二、词性转变 1．glorious adj.辉煌的glory n．光荣2．religious adj.宗教的religion n．宗教 3．heavenly adj.天国的heaven n．天堂；天国 4．strengthen v．(使)变强；加强strength n．力量；力气strong adj.强壮的 5．coverage n．覆盖范围cover v．遮盖；包含；报道；支付covering n．覆盖物 6．scholar n．学者scholarship n．奖学金；学问 7．institute n．学院；研究院institution n．机构；习俗；制度8．historian n．历史学家history n．历史 9．prior adj.先前的；较早的priority n．优先考虑的事 10．romance n．传奇故事romantic adj.浪漫的romanticism n．浪漫主义 11．stratagem n．计谋，策略strategy n．战略；策略strategic adj.战略上的；策略的 12．enormous adj.巨大的，庞大的enormously adv.巨大地；庞大地 三、句 子 1. The Apsaras are depicted sailing in the bright blue sky, with their scarves flying, as if they are about to fly down to meet us. 上面画的是飞天在蔚蓝的天空中飞行，他们帔巾飘飘，好像要飞下来迎接我们。 2. The Apsaras are holding lotuses, playing musical instruments, dancing and throwing flowers. 飞天手捧莲花、演奏乐器、跳舞、抛花。 3. This century is bringing the Silk Road to life once more through the Belt and Road Initiative. 21世纪，“一带一路”倡议为丝绸之路带来新生。 4. When I started high school, I began reading books about Chinese history and culture, and this inspired me to choose Chinese Studies as my academic major at university. 上高中时，我开始读中国历史和文化方面的书，这启发我在大学选择了汉学专业。 5. I fell in love with Dream of the Red Chamber the first time I read it, and was determined to translate it into Bulgarian. 我第一次读到《红楼梦》时就喜欢上了它，并决心把它翻译成保加利亚语。 6.Dunhuang’s long and glorious history represents its significance as a center of cultural and commercial exchange. 敦煌悠久而辉煌的历史展现了它作为文化和商业往来中心的重要性。 7. The painting of Apsaras reached a peak during the Tang Dynasty; these images are full of life, reflecting the confidence and optimism of people from that time. 飞天壁画在唐朝达到了顶峰；这些图案栩栩如生，反映了当时人们的自信和乐观。 8. His writing had a profound effect on me, and I have this to thank for my passion for Chinese literature. 他的文章对我影响很大，激发了我对中国文学的热情。 9. Literature has a lot of significance to the French, and Chinese literary works tend to be highly thought of. 文学对法国人来说意义重大，中国的文学作品往往获得很高的评价。 10.I think Egypt and China are closely connected and both have a lot in common. Because of this, Chinese literary works really strike a chord in the hearts of Egyptian readers. 我认为埃及和中国联系密切，有许多共同之处。正因为如此，中国文学作品才真正引起了埃及读者的共鸣。 1. 1. The world is a book, and those who do not travel read only one page. — Saint Augustine 世界是一本书，不旅行的人只读了一页。 ——圣奥古斯丁 2.To have another language is to possess a second soul. — Charlemagne 掌握另一门语言，就是拥有第二个灵魂。 ——查理曼大帝 3. Cultural differences should not separate us from each other, but rather cultural diversity brings a collective strength that can benefit all of humanity. —Robert Alan 文化差异不应将我们彼此分离，相反，文化多样性能带来集体力量，造福全人类。 ——罗伯特·艾伦 4. The more I learn about other cultures, the more I realize how much we share in common. — Queen Rania of Jordan 我越了解其他文化，就越意识到我们有多少共同点。 ——约旦王后拉尼娅 1 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$