专题03 阅读理解-主旨大意题&推理判断题+一模试题&热点话题-2025届中考英语总复习（江苏专用）

阅读理解-主旨大意题&推理判断题+一模试题&热点话题 主旨大意题 主旨大意题需要考生在阅读并理解全文的基础上，对文章内容或段落内容进行归纳概括，强调整体。该题型常见的设问方式和解题方法如下所示： 标题类：The best title/heading for the passage/paragraph is... 中心思想类：What’s the passage mainly about?/What does the passage mainly tell us? 段落概括类：What’s the main idea of the first paragraph? 1.关键词法/主题词法 Do you know that over 1/3 of all food produced in the world goes to waste? According to the United Nations (UN), every year around the world, about one billion (十亿) tons of food is wasted. At the same time, there are nearly one billion people who go hungry. Simply 1/4 of the food wasted is enough to keep them out of hunger. In addition, the wasted food produces over three billion tons of carbon dioxide (CO2), which speeds up climate (气候) change. What can we do to solve this food waste problem? One effective solution is balancing food production with demand (需求). In hotels and other similar places, special instruments should be used so that cooking specialists just prepare and cook food as it is ordered. Another effective solution is starting programs to reduce (减少) food waste. Stores and buyers can try their best to be creative in food waste reduction. For example, stores can provide customers with instructions telling them how to make full use of food. Buyers can try not fixing their eyes only on food of the best quality (质量). Sometimes, the food of non-top quality is also good enough to eat, or can be bought and then used to make delicious dishes. One of the hardest solutions to achieve is for each and every one to buy and prepare food with a plan of their own so that less food is wasted. Challenging as it is, the use of meal plans in preparing food can play an important role in ending food waste in the family. Food recycling is one of the known solutions. Efforts are now already in progress. Food that is not safe for humans to eat is recycled into other products such as animal feeds and clothing. Yet, there is still a long way to go and much for improvement in this area. In a word, food waste has been one of the biggest problems in the world that have influenced us greatly. Many solutions have been found and many more are yet to be worked out. If each of us can put in more efforts, food waste is sure to be reduced for the good of our future. 问：What is the passage mainly about? A. Benefits of reducing food waste. B. Solutions to the food waste problem. C. The importance of fighting food waste. D. The attitude to the food waste problem. 解题步骤： Step 1 快速阅读全文，画出每段重复出现的关键词/主题词。几乎各段都重复出现的关键词/主题词为food waste和solution。 Step 2 对比选项，找出能包含所有关键词/主题词的选项。B选项包含两个关键词/主题词。 2.关键句法/主题句法 All the results proved our theory（假设） true.But putting it into practice can be difficult. Our fast-paced lifestyles fill the day with goals. We try to get the highest output both at work and in spare time. This focus on future outcomes makes it all too easy to miss what is happening right now. We should slow down and let life surprise us. 问：What does the last paragraph mainly tell us? A. It is easier for results-driven people to achieve success. B. We often turn a blind eye to the present moment. C. A fast-paced lifestyle helps us reach our goals. D. Future life will bring us many more surprises. 解题步骤： Step 1 找到段落关键句/主题句（一般位于段首或段尾）。 转折词but位于首句之后，说明该段主题句在后面。 Step 2 对比选项与主题句，找相同内容或同义转述。 B选项的turn a blind eye to the present moment是对主题句中miss what is happening right now的同义转述。 3.段意组合法/篇章结构法 What does it mean to be green? Green is more than just a color. It also means taking special steps to protect the environment. Buying a green product is a small step everyone can take. Deciding whether a product is green, however, isn’t always easy. We need to consider the whole life cycle of the product even after it’s of no use. Here is what we may keep in mind. The materials of a product are usually our first focus (关注). What is it made of? Are there any harmful chemicals in it? Green products are made of more natural materials which are free from harmful chemicals, so they can be good for our physical health. Packaging is important. How is a product packaged? Is it over packaged? We’d better choose glass, metal and paper packaging, as these can be reused or more easily recycled (回收利用). We can also look for less packaging or even choose unbagged products whenever possible. Location (地点) matters. Where was a product produced? Where are we buying it? Think about how much energy was used to get it to us try to choose local products. When it comes to food, it is a good idea to order directly from local farmer, shop at markets and buy fruits in season. Buying from stores near our houses is also a good choice, because we can go there without driving a car. Look into what the company tells us about their product. It’s easy to say that a product is “green” or “all natural” but the words may be too good to be true. So, much of the information about a product should be taken with a grain of salt. After all, companies try to make us believe that their products are environmentally responsible. The greenest thing is certainly the one we don’t buy. Things like food and clothing are necessary for life. But many others are not. Better than buying is choosing to leave an unnecessary product in the store and doing without. It sends a message to the producer, keeps money in our pockets, reduces (减少) waste and keeps the planet healthy. 问：Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A. Buying Green B. Recycling Waste C. Keeping Healthy D. Reducing Energy Use 解题步骤： Step 1 根据每段的主题句来总结段意。 Para.1 每个人都可以通过购买绿色产品来保护环境； Para.2 关注产品所用的材料是否环保； Para.3 看产品的包装是否对环境有益； Para.4 看产品产地和购买地的位置； Para.5 产品并不一定如宣传的那样环保； Para.6 最好的环保方式是少买或不买。 Step 2 归纳段落，找出篇章主旨。 本文为总分总结构，第1段引出主题——如何购买绿色产品，第2至5段具体说明做法，第6段总结升华。 Step 3 对比选项，找出与篇章主旨最相近的标题。 根据上述分析，本文讲的是如何绿色购物，A选项符合。 4.标题反推法 There are millions of recipes(菜谱) hidden in the boxes and hearts of grandmother and parents. These family recipes are a special part of our family history. Some of them have been passed down from generation(一代人) to generation. .......... "Those special tastes can immediately unlock a whole flood of emotions, memories and feelings of family, love, and comfort," says she. ....... Actually, there are simple ways to keep family recipes, Scrapbooks（剪贴薄）are easily found in the market. You can even add photos to record every detail of your memories about the recipe. With the help of some popular apps like Story Scans, recording family recipes has never been easier. What is needed is to scan（扫描） the recipes and record the story behind each of them. It can become the most meaningful work you have ever done with and for your family. Keeping family recipes is saving and honoring our tradition so that future generations can continue to make family ties stronger. Every time you remember your loved ones, recreate one of the dishes from your collection and let the memories from the good old days comfort you. So why not gift your kids a family recipe book when they are starting a new life? 问：Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A. Family Recipes: Secrets of Cooking B. Family Recipes Are at a Crossroads C. Family Recipes: Connections to Interests D. Family Recipes Are More than Just Recipes 解题步骤： Step 1 先看4个选项的标题，推断每个标题下应写的主要内容。 A项强调烹饪，全文应主要写家庭菜谱对烹饪的作用； B项强调家庭菜谱面临的挑战，全文应主要写挑战； C项强调家庭菜谱与兴趣的联系，全文应主要写兴趣； D项强调家庭菜谱的意义已经超出了菜谱本身的意义，全文应主要写菜谱的更多意义。 Step 2 画出全文关键词句或重复出现的同类内容。 Step 3 将这些内容与之前推测的各标题对应的文章主要内容相比对，选出标题。 通过关键句可知本文主要讲的是家庭菜谱对传承家庭传统，增强家庭纽带的意义，超出了菜谱本身教人做饭的最基本的意义，故D选项正确。 推理判断题 推理判断题要求考生对文本内容或作者的情感、态度、目的做出合理的判断和推理，在C篇、D篇考查频率较高。根据其推断的内容，可分为三类，即细节推断类、写作目的推断类、情景推断类。 1.细节推断类 细节推断类多为推断文章细节或作者观点、态度，其常见设问方式如下所示： From this passage, we can infer/know/learn that __________. What can we learn from the passage?/What do you know about...? The writer probably agrees that __________. 细节推断题实际考查的是对文章细节的理解，选项中只有1项与原文表述一致，其他3个选项均为对原文的错误表述。该类型题目可以用判断正误法来解。 Another effective solution is starting programs to reduce（减少）food waste. Stores and buyers can try their best to be creative in food waste reduction.For example, （C选项对应原文） stores can provide customers with instructions telling them how to make full use of food. Buyers can try not fixing their eyes only on food of the best quality（质量）. （B选项对应原文）Sometimes, the food of non-top quality is also good enough to eat, or can be bought and then used to make delicious dishes. （D选项对应原文）One of the hardest solutions to achieve is for each and every one to buy and prepare food with a plan of their own so that less food is wasted. Challenging as it is, the use of meal plans in preparing food can play an important role in ending food waste in the family. （A选项对应原文）Food recycling is one of the known solutions. Efforts are now already in progress. Food that is not safe for humans to eat is recycled into other products such as animal feeds and clothing. Yet, there is still a long way to go and much for improvement in this area. 问：What can we learn from the passage? A. Food recycling has been hugely successful. B. Buyers should give up non-top quality food. C. Stores should train people to make delicious dishes. D. Meal plans in the family are hard to put into practice. 解题步骤： Step 1 画出选项关键词，根据关键词找到ABCD四个选项对应的原文内容。 Step 2 比对选项及其对应的原文内容，判断选项正误。 A选项对应的原文提到“食物回收的相关工作已经在进行中”，并没有说已经取得了巨大成功，故A项错误； B选项对应原文是说“有时非顶级食品也很好吃，也能用来做美食”，而不是说应该放弃，故B项错误； C选项对应原文是说“商店应该为顾客提供指导，告诉人们如何充分利用食物”，而不是“培训人们做美食”，故C项错误； D选项对应原文提到“最难以实现的解决方法之一是按计划购买和准备食物”，与该选项意思相符，故D项正确。 2.写作目的推断类 该类题侧重问作者写某句/某段/整个篇章的目的，常见的设问方式有以下几种： Why does the writer talk about...? The writer mentions...in Paragraph 2 to show that __________. The writer wants/intends to tell us that __________. What’s the main purpose of the passage? 写作目的题的选项一般会有以下动词：introduce（介绍）、suggest（提议）、explain解释）、discuss（讨论）、compare（比较）、question（质疑）、stress 强调）、remind （提醒）、show （展示）等。常用解题方法如下所示： 1. 语境推断法（适用于推断某句/某段的写作目的） Over the past century and a half, however, studies in the history of human development have shown that the formation of culture is part of the biological adaptation（适应）..Consider,for example,hunting(打猎). It seems to be an adaptation, which allowed humans to move into new and different areas, opening up the opportunity to change living habits. At the same time, the development of weapons（武器） is related to that adaptation—from rocks and stones to a set of hunting tools, and from hunting tools to rules relating to the proper use of weapons. Hunting also seems to be responsible for a whole set of bodily abilities, such as balancing on one foot. Just think of how this very simple thing is closely related to dance, a key expression of human culture. It is then clear that biological development and cultural development are closely tied. 问：Why does the writer talk about . .hunting in Paragraph 3? A. To suggest some possible ways of changing living habits. B. To stress the importance of tools in humans’ struggle for life. C. To show how culture develops as humans adapt to the environment. D. To explain why there is a need to call for the proper use of weapons. 解题步骤 ： Step 1 画出题干关键词，找到对应原文。 Step 2 深入分析对应原文的语境，通过上下文的逻辑关系来判断写作意图。 文中hunting为举例内容，其目的是证实上文所提到的“文化的形成是生物适应的一部分”这一观点。 Step 3 对比选项，选出与对应原文意思最贴近的选项。 C选项的culture develops和humans adapt to the environment分别是对原文中the formation of culture和biological adaptation的同义转述。A、B、D选项只是对原文部分细节进行复现，并不是该段的写作目的。 2.主旨推断法（适用于推断整篇文章的写作目的） A Pathway（路径） to Meaning in Life When it comes to a meaningful life, we might think of love, happiness and health. A life filled with meaning is what most of us want for ourselves. Then, what makes a meaningful life? Many researchers agree that a meaningful life comes down to three factors (因素): having long-term goals,believing that one’s life matters, and feeling that one’s life fits together and “makes sense”. But we believe there is more to consider. Sometimes life enables us to experience small moments of beauty. When people are open to appreciating (欣赏) such experiences, these moments may improve how they see their own life. We call this experiential appreciation (EA). EA is about the person feeling connected to events and being able to appreciate the value within the connection. It shows the discovery of and admiration for life’s beauty. We recently set out to better understand EA in studies. We were interested in whether EA was also tied to general judgment of meaning in life. If so, it could be a factor for meaningfulness. In the first study, we had people rate (评估) their support for different methods of reducing stress. We found that people who managed stress by focusing on their appreciation for life’s beauty also reported experiencing life as highly meaningful. In the next study, we asked people to rate the degree to which they agreed with various statements, such as “I appreciate the beauty of life” and “I appreciate little things in life,” as well as other statements that related to the three factors and a general sense of meaning in life. Our results showed that the more people reported that they were “appreciating life” and its many experiences, the more they felt their life was valuable. In the following studies, we further looked at the connection between EA and meaningfulness. For example, we found that people who were asked to look back on the most meaningful event of the past week generally reported high EA in those moments. All the results proved our theory (假设) true. But putting it into practice can be difficult. Our fast-paced lifestyles fill the day with goals. We try to get the highest output both at work and in spare time. This focus on future outcomes makes it all too easy to miss what is happening right now. We should slow down and let life surprise us. 问：What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A. To explain how to discover beauty in life. B. To discuss what the true meaning of life is. C. To introduce a new factor for a meaningful life. D. To compare different factors for meaningfulness. 解题步骤： 要理解作者写一篇文章的目的，首先要弄清这篇文章的主旨大意，因为写作目的是围绕主旨大意的。 Step 1 通过主题句法/篇章结构法来分析篇章主旨大意。 Para. 1引出“什么构成有意义的生活”这一话题； Para. 2许多研究者认为的构成有意义生活的3个因素； Para. 3提出新观点——体验式欣赏（EA）; Para. 4~Para. 7不同研究探索体验式欣赏是不是构成有意义生活的一个因素； Para. 8得出结论并提出如何在实际生活中实践体验式欣赏。 全文主旨大意：体验式欣赏是构成有意义生活的一个新的因素。 Step 2 对比选项，找到涉及文章主旨大意的选项。 由本文主旨大意可知，C项的“介绍有意义的生活的一个新因素”就是本文的写作目的，故C项正确。 3.情景推断类 情景推断题考查对文中重点论述的某个观点/概念/方法的理解，选项一般为不同的生活情景，要求选出符合该观点/概念/方法的情景。常见的设问方式如下所示： You were most probably in...condition when __________. You will most probably experience...when you __________. According to the writer, we can...by __________. 情景推断题考查的是文中重点论述的观点/概念/方法，原文一般会使用概念解释和示例来加以论述，因此可利用原文中的解释和示例来找出选项中与之相符的情景。 Enjoyment is characterized by a sense of curiosity, of achievement. Playing a tennis game that improves one’s ability is enjoyable, as is reading a book that shows things in a new light, as is having a conversation that leads us to express ideas we didn’t know we had. None of these experiences may be especially pleasurable when they are taking place, but when we think back on them afterwards, we would say, “That really was fun” and wish they would happen again. After an enjoyable event we know that we have changed, and grown. 问：You will most probably experience enjoyment when you ______. A. buy expensive shoes B. order a delicious meal C. talk with friends for new ideas D. sit quietly in front of a television 解题步骤： Step 1 画出题干关键词。 Step 2 使用题干关键词到文中定位，画出对该观点/概念/方法的解释和示例。 原文解释了enjoyment的特点，即带有好奇感和成就感，能使人改变和成长；示例包括打网球提升能力、读书开启新视角、交谈中被激发出未曾意识到的想法。 Step 3 比对选项场景和原文中画出的内容，找出正确选项。 C选项与原文中having a conversation...know we had这一示例一致，且符合enjoyment能使人有获得感这一特点。 江苏一模 1.（2025·江苏连云港·一模）Have you ever thought about what’s more important, looking fashionable or feeling comfortable? Many people choose style over comfort and some even go to extremes (极端) to follow fashion. But we should remember: being fashionable isn’t everything. It’s more important to be healthy. Some people believe that they need to be a certain size to look good. So, they start extreme diets. They might not eat meals or eat too little, which can make them feel sick. Is it a healthy way to live? Also, many girls wear shoes with very high heels to make them look taller. But these shoes can actually hurt their feet and make it hard to walk comfortably. Some even wear tight clothes that influence blood circulation, making it hard to breathe. Should we put fashion over comfort and physical health? Besides, some boys and girls spend a lot of time and money changing their hair color. The material they use is usually harmful to their health. To make their hair straight or curly, they also use tools that are hot enough to burn their hair. But using these tools too often can make the hair dry or even burnt. Is it really worth it to risk our health, spending so much time and money? So, let’s rethink what’s really important. Is it fashion or is it our well-being? Clothes or hairstyles don’t tell us anything about a person’s character. Instead of spending a lot of time choosing clothes, we could use that time to do fun things with friends. And instead of following extreme diets, let’s eat properly and exercise regularly. Remember, your worth is not decided by your appearance, but by who you are as a person. 1．What does the underlined word “well-being” in Paragraph 5 mean? A．Growth. B．Health. C．Warmth. D．Wealth. 2．What is the structure of the passage? (P=Paragraph) A．B．C． D． 3．What can we learn from the text? A．You are what you eat. B．Laughter is the best medicine. C．Don’t judge a book by its cover. D．Actions speak louder than words 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 【导语】本文主要讨论了时尚与健康之间的权衡问题。文章通过举例说明了一些人为了追求时尚而忽视健康的行为，并呼吁大家重新思考什么才是真正重要的。 1．词句猜测题。根据文章第5段“So, let’s rethink what’s really important. Is it fashion or is it our well-being?”可以看出，结合前文一直在强调健康的重要性，“well-being”在这里指的是健康。故选B。 2．篇章结构题。文章的结构是：第一段提出问题，第二段到第四段分别举例说明为了追求时尚而忽视健康的行为，第五段总结并提出建议。因此，文章的结构是“提出问题—举例说明—总结建议”。故选C。 3．主旨大意题。根据文章第5段“Clothes or hairstyles don’t tell us anything about a person’s character.”可知，文章的主旨是不要通过外表来判断一个人。故选C。 2.（2025·江苏无锡·一模） The old English saying “you can lead a horse to water, but you can’t make it drink” has been used since the 16th century to describe the difficulty of getting someone to act in their own best interests. But now, a new study suggests the use of this saying has been undervaluing horses for centuries. Horses have the ability to think and plan ahead and are far cleverer than scientists thought before, according to a Nottingham Trent University study that analyzed the animal’s replies to a reward-based game. “Before, research has suggested that horses simply reply to stimuli (刺激) in the moment, and that they don’t voluntarily look ahead, think ahead and plan their actions—however, our study shows that they do have an awareness of the results and outcomes (结果) of their actions.” said the lead researcher, Louise Evans. The three-stage game included 20 horses, who were rewarded with a treat just for touching a piece of card with their noses in the beginning. Then in the second stage, researchers started turning on a “stop light”. The horses were only given a snack if they touched the card while the stop light was off. At first, they took no notice of the light and carried on touching the card, paying no attention to whether or not the light was on. But then, in the third stage, researchers introduced a penalty for touching the card while the stop light was on - a 10-second break during which the horses could not play the game at all. The team found there was a sudden and huge reduction in mistakes by all the members. The horses started correctly touching the card only at the right time to get a treat. “That break was enough to quickly get the performance out of them that we wanted.” said Evans. “That was enough for the horses to go: ‘OK, let’s just play by the rules.’” The study suggests that, rather than fail to catch the soul of the game, horses understood the rules in a short time. Evans hopes this pioneering study will help to improve welfare for horses. In training, you really don’t need to use anything too strict to get really good performance out of horses. 1．How does the writer lead to the topic of the passage? A．By explaining the reasons of a study. B．By listing some meanings of a saying. C．By introducing the history of a study. D．By pointing out the misuse of a saying. 2．Which word has the closest meaning to “penalty”? A．punishment B．partner C．reward D．record 3．The reward-based game shows that ________. A．the 10-second stop was long enough for horses to break the rules B．horses got a treat when they touched the card with the stop light on C．all the horses improved quickly and made fewer mistakes in the third stage D．researchers left horses out of the game for touching the card at the wrong time 4．What’s the purpose of the passage? A．To prove horses are clever. B．To call for better conditions for horses. C．To argue against an old saying. D．To introduce methods of studying horses. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，通过一项诺丁汉特伦特大学的实验研究，推翻了16世纪谚语对马匹智力的低估，证明马能理解规则、快速学习并规划行动，从而呼吁改善马匹福利。 1．细节理解题。根据“The old English saying...has been undervaluing horses for centuries”可知，作者通过指出谚语的误用来引入话题。故选D。 2．词句猜测题。根据“a 10 - second break during which the horses could not play the game at all”可知，这是对马在红灯亮时触碰卡片的一种不利处置，“punishment” 意为 “惩罚”，与 “penalty” 意思最接近。故选 A。 3．细节理解题。根据“a sudden and huge reduction in mistakes...horses started correctly touching the card only at the right time”可知，所有马在第三阶段错误明显减少。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。根据“Evans hopes this pioneering study will help to improve welfare for horses. In training, you really don’t need to use anything too strict to get really good performance out of horses.”可知，文章目的是呼吁为马提供更好的条件。故选B。 3.（2025·江苏扬州·一模）Waiting in line, sitting in the middle seat, experiencing delays-there’s a long list of unpleasant things about flying on planes. And here’s another one that worries us a lot: getting blocked (堵住的) ears. It’s also sometimes called “airplane ear”. But why do we get it? It happens because of changes in air pressure. When a plane takes off and moves higher, the air pressure outside our ears goes down quickly because the air is thinner at higher altitudes. However, there is still air from ground level inside our ears. This air is thicker and at a higher pressure. So there is a difference in pressure between the air inside our ears and outside our ears. This difference in air pressure causes the air inside our ears to push against the eardrum (耳膜), because air moves from areas of high pressure to areas of low pressure. The air pushing against the eardrum makes our ears feel blocked and uncomfortable. When the air comes out, our ears “pop”. Some people really don’t like this feeling, either. Drinking water, swallowing, yawning (打哈欠) or eating hard sweets can help to clear our ears. The air inside our ears is in the Eustachian tube (咽鼓管), which connects the middle ear to the back of the nose and throat. Swallowing helps encourage this tube to open a little wider, which helps let out the air inside our ears. However, swallowing and yawning don’t always work. Our ears sometimes stay blocked for longer, which may hurt. If your ears take a really long time to clear even when you get off the plane, you may need to see a doctor. 1．What does “it” in Paragraph 1 refer to? A．Waiting in line. B．Getting blocked ears. C．Experiencing delays. D．Sitting in the middle seat. 2．Why do our ears get blocked when flying? A．Because of changes in air pressure. B．Because of the wrong eardrum. C．Because of drinking much water. D．Because of eating hard sweets. 3．How can swallowing help to clear our blocked ears? A．By encouraging the eardrum become stronger. B．By making the air pressure outside our ears lower. C．By encouraging the Eustachian tube to open wider. D．By making the air pressure inside our ears higher. 4．What’s the best title of this passage? A．Airplane Food: Choices and Reviews B．Airplane Ear: Reasons and tips C．Airplane safety: Risks and Prevention D．Airplane Noise: Causes and tips 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要解释了飞行中耳朵堵塞的原因及缓解方法，并建议严重时就医。 1．词句猜测题。根据文章第1段“And here’s another one that worries us a lot: getting blocked ears… But why do we get it?”可知，“it”指代前文提到的“getting blocked ears”。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第2段“It happens because of changes in air pressure.”直接说明耳朵堵塞的原因是气压变化。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据文章第4段“Swallowing helps encourage this tube to open a little wider, which helps let out the air inside our ears.”可知，吞咽有助于咽鼓管打开更宽，从而释放耳内空气。故选C。 4．最佳标题。全文围绕“飞机耳”展开，包括其成因（气压变化）和应对方法（吞咽等），选项B“Airplane Ear: Reasons and tips”最全面概括主题。故选B。 4.（2025·江苏盐城·一模）Oliver spent the first nine years of his life with Mrs. Mann. The government paid Mrs. Mann to look after children like Oliver. She looked after about twenty or thirty children like him. She knew exactly what the children needed, but she also knew exactly what she needed. As a result, she spent most of the money on herself. The children were always hungry, and sometimes they starved to death. Sometimes one would fall in the fire while Mrs. Mann was not looking or die of cold in the winter. Somehow, Oliver stayed alive. On his ninth birthday, Oliver was small, thin, and pale. He and two other boys told Mrs. Mann that they were hungry. Mrs. Mann said they were not hungry. She hit them and locked all three of them in the cellar (地下室). This was their punishment for complaining. When Mrs. Mann looked out of the window, she was surprised to see the beadle (小官吏) at the gate, trying to get in. The beadle was an officer from the government. He thought he was an important officer. He was very fat, but he had a beautiful uniform, which made him feel even more important. When Mrs. Mann saw him, she quickly told her helper to get the three boys out of the cellar and clean their faces and hands. She pretended she was very pleased to see the beadle, whose name was Mr. Bumble, and gave him a glass of gin to drink. Mr. Bumble told Mrs. Mann that he was going to take Oliver away because he was now nine years old. “We have never been able to find out anything about his father or mother,” he said. “We don’t even know their names. Oliver will work in the workhouse and earn his gruel (稀粥).” Mrs Mann was surprised nobody knew who Oliver’s parents were and wondered how he got a name. “I gave it to him,” said the beadle. “I made it up myself.” Mrs. Mann brought Oliver to the beadle. “Would you like to come with me, Oliver?” asked Mr. Bumble. 1．How did Mrs. Mann deal with the money the government paid her? A．She spent it all on the children. B．She saved most of it for future use. C．She used most of it for herself. D．She donated some of it to the poor. 2．Why were Oliver and the other two boys locked in the cellar? A．Because they fought with each other. B．Because they refused to do their work. C．Because they said they are hungry. D．Because they said bad words about Mrs. Mann. 3．What can we know about Mr. Bumble from the passage? A．He knew a lot about Oliver’s parents. B．He was proud of his position and uniform. C．He often visited Mrs. Mann to check on the children. D．He was a kind-hearted officer who cared about the children. 4．Why did Mrs. Mann have the boys’ faces and hands cleaned when Mr. Bumble arrived? A．To hide the signs of their poor treatment. B．To prepare them for a birthday celebration. C．To teach them to be children with good manners. D．To make Mr. Bumble be willing to take them away. 5．What’s this passage mainly about? A．The terrible cellar. B．The Cruel Mr. Bumble. C．Oliver’s working for food. D．Hard life in Oliver’s early years. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．D 【导语】本文节选自《雾都孤儿》，通过Oliver在Mrs. Mann处的遭遇，揭露了19世纪英国贫童收容机构的黑暗，聚焦他幼年的悲惨经历。 1．细节理解题。根据原文“She spent most of the money on herself.”可知，Mrs. Mann将政府给的钱大部分用于自己。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据原文“On his ninth birthday, Oliver was small, thin, and pale. He and two other boys told Mrs. Mann that they were hungry. Mrs. Mann said they were not hungry. She hit them and locked all three of them in the cellar (地下室). This was their punishment for complaining.”可知，他们被关进地下室是因为抱怨饥饿。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据原文“The beadle was an officer from the government. He thought he was an important officer. He was very fat, but he had a beautiful uniform, which made him feel even more important.”可知，Mr. Bumble对自己的职位和制服感到自豪。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据原文“When Mrs. Mann saw him, she quickly told her helper to get the three boys out of the cellar and clean their faces and hands. She pretended she was very pleased to see the beadle”以及前文描述Mrs. Mann虐待儿童的行为可知，她是为了掩盖孩子们受虐待的痕迹。故选A。 5．主旨大意题。全文通过Oliver在Mrs. Mann家的饥饿、虐待经历，以及被Mr. Bumble带走的描写，集中展现了Oliver幼年的艰难生活。故选D。 5.（2025·江苏徐州·一模）When a theatre puts on a show, someone has to change the stage into a castle, or a forest, or a school. That person is the set designer. But before building the real set, they create a small model. Lizzie Bracken designed the set for a play called You Think It’s Easy Being the Tooth Fairy? at Lifeline Theater in Chicago. Ophelia: Why do you make models? Lizzie: Most set designers starts with a model. It’s a fast way to see what the set will look like. You can take a model apart and put it back together and play with it and make sure everything works before you build the real one. I start with a lot of drawings. Once I can see what it looks like, I make a white model, no color, so we can see if all the pieces work. Then I add colors and decoration. Ophelia: What’s the model made of? Lizzie: Foam core (泡沫板) and illustration (插图) board, I measure, cut, and glue them together. For furniture, I buy miniatures from dollhouse or model train shops. These stores have surprising items like trees, lamps, and tiny furniture. Ophelia: The play is about a three-inch-tall tooth fairy. How did you make an adult actor look small? Lizzie: Oh, we used creative tricks! The prop (道具) designer, Jenny Pinson, made some huge quarters (25-cent coins) for the fairy to collect. To her, these coins looked like dinner plates—heavy enough for weightlifting! We also built a giant four-foot puppet hand. The fairy would open it to take out a huge tooth. A giant cat paw swiping at them added more fun. Just the few props helped the audience imagine the fairy’s tiny world. Ophelia: What’s your next project? Lizzie: Maybe Frankenstein… that would be so fun to work on. Ophelia: Thanks for sharing! 1．What is the type of this passage? A．A letter. B．A play. C．An interview. D．A story. 2．What does Lizzie do? A．A set designer. B．A prop designer. C．An actress. D．A model. 3．What is the right order of Lizzie’s making a model? ①make a white model            ②colour and decorate it ③draw a picture            ④check all the pieces A．①③④② B．③①④② C．①③②④ D．③①②④ 4．How did Lizzie make a grow-up actor appear three inches tall? A．She added special lighting effects. B．She asked actors to stand on boxes. C．She used mirrors to make images smaller. D．She used giant props like coins and puppet hands. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇采访。文章主要介绍了舞台布景设计师Lizzie Bracken的工作。 1．推理判断题。根据“Ophelia: Why do you make models?”和“Lizzie: ...”以及全文可知，这篇文章是一篇采访。故答案是C。 2．细节理解题。根据“That person is the set designer. But before building the real set, they create a small model.”和“Lizzie Bracken designed the set for a play called You Think It’s Easy Being the Tooth Fairy? at Lifeline Theater in Chicago.”可知，Lizzie是一位布景设计师。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“I start with a lot of drawings. Once I can see what it looks like, I make a white model, no color, so we can see if all the pieces work. Then I add colors and decoration.”可知，正确顺序是：画画；做一个白色的模型；检查所有的部件；添加颜色和装饰。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“The prop designer, Jenny Pinson, made some huge quarters (25-cent coins) for the fairy to collect.”和“We also built a giant four-foot puppet hand.”可知，使用了硬币和木偶手等巨大的道具。故选D。 6.（2025·江苏南通·一模）Are you avoiding pain or living with a purpose? There are two paths we can take in any given situation: One is the path of avoiding pain at the moment, and the other is the more difficult path of delaying (推迟) pleasure for a bigger purpose. Some people don’t see the value in having patience during difficult times or working towards a goal. They would rather buy the latest, greatest cellphone than save for retirement (退休). We often make our life choices according to how we can avoid pain at the moment and, in doing so, fail to see that the path of delaying gratification (满足) is sometimes where the real solutions to our problems lie. Studies show that delaying gratification is one of the most effective personal qualities of successful people. People who learn how to manage their needs that need to be satisfied at the moment thrive (蓬勃发展) more in their careers, relationships and health than people who give in to them. A well-known study conducted at Stanford University in the 1960s explains a lot about why it’s beneficial to delay gratification. In the study, children were placed in a room with one marshmallow on a plate. The leading researcher gave the children an easy instruction: You can eat the marshmallow now, or wait 15 minutes and receive two marshmallows. The researchers found that the children who were able to wait for the second marshmallow without eating the first one scored higher on standardized tests, had better health, and were less likely to have behavior problems. Consider the result of this study, and think about yourself and your actions. Are you able to wait for things you really want, even if it involves giving up pleasure and satisfaction now? Do you make decisions based on your life purpose or on what feels good now? Do you sometimes give up too soon? Can you think of a time when you successfully completed a difficult task? How did it make you feel about yourself? What were the results of waiting? Delaying gratification isn’t a new concept. Back in 300 BC, Aristotle saw that the reason why so many people were unhappy was that they confused pleasure with true happiness. True happiness, according to Aristotle, is about developing habits and surrounding yourself with people who grow your soul (灵魂). This allows you to move towards your greatest natural ability. True happiness needs delaying pleasure, and putting in the time, discipline and patience required to achieve a goal instead of feeling good now. A life of purposes, aligned (保持一致) with the pursuit of true happiness, creates real joy. It keeps your happiness pretty steady (稳定的) throughout your life. So, which path would you like to take? 1．People who delay gratification will probably ________. A．avoid pain and give up at the moment B．work hard patiently for a bigger goal C．fail to see where the real solutions to their problems lie D．fail easily in their careers, relationships and health 2．Why does the writer mention the well-known study in Paragraph 4? A．To show children’s different choices. B．To tell readers the study was a very scientific one. C．To prove the value of putting off gratification. D．To explain why some children were more successful. 3．The writer probably agrees that ________. A．a purposeful life can bring us real joy B．pleasure helps us to make correct decisions C．pleasure plays a key role in a life of purposes D．true happiness is about avoiding pain at the moment 4．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A．To encourage us to delay pleasure for a bigger purpose. B．To explain the meanings of pleasure and true happiness. C．To compare two different paths to a life of purposes. D．To discuss the good effects of delaying gratification. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要探讨了人们在生活中面临的两个选择：一是避免当下的痛苦，二是为了更大的目标而延迟满足。文章通过斯坦福大学的“棉花糖实验”和亚里士多德的哲学观点，论证了延迟满足对个人成功和真正幸福的重要性，并鼓励读者选择有目标的生活路径。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第3段“Studies show that delaying gratification is one of the most effective personal qualities of successful people… thrive more in their careers, relationships and health”可知，延迟满足的人更可能在事业、人际关系和健康方面蓬勃发展。第四段通过实验进一步说明，能够等待更大回报的人往往有更好的结果。故选B。 2．推理判断题。第四段提到斯坦福大学的“棉花糖实验”，旨在说明延迟满足的益处。实验结果显示，能等待的孩子未来表现更佳，这直接支持了“延迟满足有价值”的观点。可知，证明延迟满足的价值。故选C。 3．观点态度题。根据最后一段“A life of purposes… creates real joy… keeps your happiness steady”（有目标的生活带来真正的快乐，保持幸福稳定）可知，作者认为有目标的生活能带来真正的快乐。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。全文通过对比两种生活路径（即时享乐和延迟满足）和实验论证，引用实验和哲学观点，最终呼吁读者选择有目标的生活。选项A“鼓励为更大目标延迟满足”概括了作者的写作意图。故选A。 社会热点 1.（2025·山东泰安·一模） For more than a month, the world has been excited about a new AI model, DeepSeek-R1. It was developed by DeepSeek, a Chinese business based in Hangzhou, Zhejiang province. The new AI was released on Jan 20. In just one week, it beat OpenAI’s ChatGPT and became the top free application (应用) in Apple’s App Store, reported Xinhua. Its developer said that DeepSeek-RI is as good at difficult tasks as other big models but needs less computing power (算力). It is also the cheapest of its kind and took only about 5.57million US dollars (40.58 million yuan) to develop. That is way less than the hundreds of millions or even billions that US businesses have had to spend on building similar AI models,Marc Andreessen, a technology expert in the US,told Xinhua. DeepSeek-R1’s success largely came from its special training method. Traditionally, AI is trained in two ways. One is Chain-of-Thought (CoT, 思维链), where AI learns to break problems into smaller, simpler steps. The other is Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT, 监督微调) , which works by showing Al lots of practice problems along with the right answers for it to find a pattern. DeepSeek-R1, however, used Reinforcement Learning (RL, 强化学习) as the core (核心) method, Xinhua reported. In RL, Al learns by trying different things. It gets rewards (奖励)for correct actions and gets punished for mistakes. For example, in a game, it gets points for picking up trash (垃圾) and loses points for breaking a glass. Over time, it works out the best solution all by itself. This is how DeepSeek-R1 has grown to be a reasoning model, which is a new type of Al, noted Microsoft engineer Vinayak Hegde. Regular (常规的) AI models, like GPT-40, usually just give direct answers. But reasoning models are trained to both think and show the process. 1．What is one of the strong points of DeepSeek-R1compared to other AI models? A．It’s cheaper to develop. B．It’s smarter than others. C．It’s better at difficult activities. D．It’s quicker at solving problems. 2．How does DeepSeek-R1 learn? A．By breaking problems into smaller steps. B．By finding the right patterns in practice problems. C．By finding the right way to do things independently. D．By following all kinds of orders from its creators. 3．How can the reasoning model be described? A．It gives direct answers. B．It provides a lot of reasons. C．It gives the best solution. D．It thinks and then decides. 4．What is the passage mainly about? A．The application of DeepSeck-RI. B．The challenges faced by DeepSeek-R1. C．The differences between Al models. D．The introduction to DeepSeek-RI. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 4．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了DeepSeek-R1的特点、优势及其成功的原因。   1．细节理解题。根据“It is also the cheapest of its kind and took only about 5.57million US dollars (40.58 million yuan) to develop.”可知DeepSeek-R1与其他AI模型相比开发成本更便宜，故选A。 2． 细节理解题。根据“In RL, AI learns by trying different things. It gets rewards for correct actions and gets punished for mistakes.”可知，DeepSeek-R1通过自己找到正确的方法去做事情。故选C。 3． 细节理解题。根据“which is a new type of Al, noted Microsoft engineer Vinayak Hegde. Regular (常规的) AI models, like GPT-40, usually just give direct answers.”及“But reasoning models are trained to both think and show the process.”可知，推理模型会思考然后做出决定。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。根据全文内容，文章主要介绍了DeepSeek-R1的特点、优势及其成功的原因，因此文章的主要内容是对DeepSeek-R1的介绍。故选D。 2.（24-25九年级下·广东广州·阶段练习）When people are still amazed by the power of ChatGPT, a new app called DeepSeek has already become the most popular app in the world, with the most downloads. In 2021, 80% of companies were already using AI in some way. By 2025, the number of companies using AI is expected to increase by 270%. More than half of these companies (51%) have decided to deepen their use of AI. The rapid spread of Al has left people wondering: Besides companies, who also will start using AI in their daily lives? Many think that people who understand how AI works would be the most likely to use it. However, a new study published in the Journal of Marketing found the opposite. People who know less about AI are actually more willing to use it. In other words, people are more interested in things they don’t fully understand. This happens because AI can now do things that we once thought only humans could do. For example, when AI creates a piece of art, write a heartfelt reply, or plays a musical instrument, it can feel almost magical—like it’s stepping into human field. Of course, AI doesn’t actually have human qualities. A chatbot might produce a human-like answer, but it doesn’t feel what we humans feel. People with more technical knowledge about AI understand this. They know how algorithms (算法), training data (训练数据), and computer models work. This makes the technology less mysterious. On the other hand, those with less understanding, especially the young, may see Al as magical and inspiring. This sense makes them more open to using AI tools. To make the most of AI, businesses, teachers, and policymakers need to make an effort. By understanding how the “magic” of AI affects people’s willingness to use it, they can create better AI products and services that match how people see AI. They should also help people understand both the benefits and risks of AI. In an ideal world, people could enjoy the amazing things Al can do, like solving complex math problems, while also appreciating the magical qualities that make AI so fascinating. 1．Who will download DeepSeek to use it according to the new research? A．Steve, a retired engineer in robot design. B．Daisy, a girl who is open to new ideas working at home. C．Tony, an office worker who knows the training data well. D．John, a student studying computer science in the college. 2．What does the underlined word mysterious mean? A．magic B．special C．frightening D．understandable 3．What is the right structure of the passage? A．①②/③④/⑤B．①/②③④/⑥ C．①/②/③④/⑤ D．①/②③/④⑤ 4．What is the main purpose of writing this article? A．To warn people of the risks of AI. B．To show how popular AI is nowadays. C．To discuss the reasons why people don’t like AI. D．To find out ways to attract more people to use AI. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了人们对人工智能的使用情况及态度，指出不太了解人工智能的人更愿意使用它，并分析了原因，最后提出为了充分利用人工智能，相关人员需要做出努力，以创造出更符合人们对人工智能看法的产品和服务。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“People who know less about AI are actually more willing to use it.”可知，对人工智能了解较少的人更愿意使用它；Daisy是一个在家工作、对新想法持开放态度的女孩，相对来说她可能对人工智能了解较少，更符合愿意使用人工智能的人群特点。故选B。 2．词义猜测题。根据第四段“People with more technical knowledge about AI understand this...This makes the technology less mysterious. On the other hand, those with less understanding, especially the young, may see AI as magical and inspiring.”可知，了解人工智能技术知识的人觉得它不那么神秘，而不了解的人觉得它很神奇；据此可以推断，划线单词“mysterious”意为“神秘的；神奇的”，与“magical”意思相近。故选A。 3．篇章结构题。文章第一段通过介绍DeepSeek成为最受欢迎的应用程序以及AI在公司中的使用情况，引出人们对 AI 使用的思考，是总起段；第二段提出研究发现对AI了解少的人更愿意使用它这一观点；第三、四段具体解释了为什么会出现这种情况；第五段则针对如何充分利用AI，对相关人员提出了建议；因此，本文的结构是①/②/③④/⑤。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。综合全文可知，本文先是指出不太了解AI的人更愿意使用AI，接着分析原因，最后提出要让企业、教师和政策制定者努力，创造更好的AI产品和服务，让人们充分利用AI，目的是找出吸引更多人使用AI的方法。故选D。 3.（2025·浙江·一模） For more than a month, the world has been excited about a new AI model, DeepSeek-R1. It was developed by DeepSeek, a Chinese business based in Hangzhou, Zhejiang province, The new AI came out on Jan 20. In just one week, it beat OpenAI’s ChatGPT and became the top free application in Apple’s App Store, reported Xínhua. Its developer said that DeepSeek-R1 is as good at difficult tasks as other big models but needs less computing power. It is also the cheapest of its kind and took only about 5.57 million US dollars (40.58 million yuan) to develop. That is the way less than the hundreds of millions or even billions that US businesses have had to spend in building similar AI models. DeepSeek-R1’s success largely came from its special training method. Traditionally, AI is trained in two ways. One is Chain-of-Thought (CoT, 思维链), where AI learns to break problems into smaller, simpler steps. The other is Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT, 监督微调), which works by showing Al lots of practice problems along with the right answers for it to find a pattern. DeepSeek-R1, however, used Reinforcement Learning (RL, 强化学习) as the main method. Xinhua reported. In RL, AI learns by trying different things. It gets rewards for correct actions and gets punished for mistakes. For example, in a game, it gets points for picking up litter and ▲ . Over time, it works out the best solution all by itself. This is how DeepSeek-R1 has grown to be a reasoning model, which is a new type of AI, named Microsoft engineer Vinayak Hegde. Common AI models, like GPT-40, usually just give direct answers. But reasoning models are trained to both think and show the process. 1．What does the underlined word “it” refer to? A．Deepseek-R1. B．UpenA1. C．ChatGPT. D．Chain-of-Thought. 2．What are the reasons for DeepSeek-R1’s success? ①Its low cost.      ②Its big models.        ③Its simple pattern.   ④Its special method. A．①③ B．③④ C．②③ D．①④ 3．Which of the following can be put in ▲ ? A．collects much information B．solves the problem itself C．loses ones for breaking a glass D．uses the main method again 4．What’s the best title of the passage? A．How Deepseek-R1 Developed. B．A New AI Model Excited the World. C．The Increasing Technology of China. D．The Popularity of Deepseek-R1. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文介绍了人工智能DeepSeek-R1的出现与发展。 1．词句猜测题。根据第一段“For more than a month, the world has been excited about a new AI model, DeepSeek-R1.”和本段中“The new AI came out on Jan 20”可知，“it”指的是DeepSeek-R1。故选A。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段“It is also the cheapest of its kind and took only about 5.57 million US dollars (40.58 million yuan) to develop.”和第四段“DeepSeek-R1’s success largely came from its special training method.”可知，DeepSeek-R1的成功是因为价格低以及特殊的训练方法，故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据前句“In RL, AI learns by trying different things. It gets rewards for correct actions and gets punished for mistakes.”和“For example, in a game, it gets points for picking up litter”可知，DeepSeek-R1使用强化学习模式，从正确的行为中得到奖励，从错误中得到惩罚，在游戏中因捡垃圾得分，此处是说失分的情况，C项“因打碎玻璃而失分”符合语境，故选C。 4．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了人工智能DeepSeek-R1的出现与发展，故选A。 4.（2025·重庆九龙坡·一模）①Can you imagine a doctor performing a surgery (手术) on a patient thousands of kilometers away? It seems to only happen in science fiction. However, a recent surgery done by doctors in Chengdu has shown the possibility in real life. Using a robotic technology, the doctors saved a patient in Lhasa (拉萨). With the development of AI-powered remote (远程的) surgery, modern healthcare has changed in a big way. ②AI played an important part in this surgery. By studying tons of medical data (数据), AI helps doctors plan the surgery, predict problems that could happen, and find the solutions. ③During the surgery, AI also tells the doctors the patient’s necessary information, like heart rate, blood pressure and oxygen levels. If anything of the patient goes wrong, it can warn the medical team and suggest changes to the surgery plan. ④ ________ Remote surgeries need fast data transmission (传送), as even small delays (延迟) can be dangerous. Supercomputing can quickly deal with a lot of data, making sure that the surgery pictures are clear and that the doctors’ orders are followed at once. The two-way network delay in this surgery was only 40 milli-seconds, thanks to powerful supercomputers. ⑤The robot used in this surgery does an excellent job. It has one arm and one hole, which makes the cut smaller, making less pain and speeding up the process for the patient to get better. It also increases the chances of a successful surgery and lowers the risk of accidents. ⑥This kind of surgery is a huge excitement, especially for people in remote areas. It means that patients don’t have to travel far for good medical care, saving time and being treated in time. ⑦And for places with fewer doctors, this kind of surgery also brings good news as doctors from bigger cities can help with surgeries and train local doctors. This kind of surgery is important for improving healthcare everywhere. 1．How does the writer lead into AI-powered remote surgery? A．By giving an example. B．By telling a story. C．By giving reasons. D．By listing numbers. 2．Which sentence can be put in the “________”? A．The robot plays an important part in the remote surgery. B．Another key role in this surgery was supercomputing technology. C．With AI, doctors can quickly finish the surgeries with data transmission. D．The surgery needs not only teamwork but also network. 3．What can we infer about AI-powered remote surgery from the passage?. A．No matter how far the place is, this kind of surgery can reach. B．The doctors in Lhasa might improve their skills through this kind of surgery. C．AI can warn the doctors if anything goes wrong with the patient. D．The patient in Lhasa may get better a little slower through this kind of surgery. 4．Which of the following shows the structure of this passage? (①= Para.1 ②= Para.2 ③= Para.3 ④= Para.4 ⑤= Para.5 ⑥= Para.6 ⑦Par.7) A．B． C． D． 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了人工智能在远程医疗手术中的应用以及它的优点。 1．推理判断题。根据“Can you imagine a doctor performing a surgery (手术) on a patient thousands of kilometers away? It seems to only happen in science fiction. However, a recent surgery done by doctors in Chengdu has shown the possibility in real life.”可知，作者通过给出一个例子来引入AI远程手术。故选A。 2．推理判断题。根据“Remote surgeries need fast data transmission (传送), as even small delays (延迟) can be dangerous. Supercomputing can quickly deal with a lot of data, making sure that the surgery pictures are clear and that the doctors’ orders are followed at once.”可知，第四段主要讲述了远程手术需要快速的数据传输，超级计算可以快速处理大量数据，确保手术图像清晰和医生的指令能立即得到执行，还提到了这次手术中双向网络延迟只有40毫秒得益于强大的超级计算机。所以这一段重点讲的是超级计算技术在手术中的作用。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据“And for places with fewer doctors, this kind of surgery also brings good news as doctors from bigger cities can help with surgeries and train local doctors.”可知，对于医生较少的地方，来自大城市的医生可以通过这种手术提供帮助并培训当地医生，拉萨属于偏远地区，医生可能通过这种手术提高他们的技能，选项B正确。故选B。 4．篇章结构题。第①段引出主题；第②③段介绍了人工智能在手术过程中发挥的作用；第④段介绍了超级计算机在手术中的重要性；第⑤段介绍了机器人做手术的效果；第⑥⑦段介绍了人工智能驱动的远程手术对于偏远地区人民的意义，故选D。 5.（2025·江西南昌·一模）①There’s much excitement and argument about Artificial Intelligence (AI) (人工智能). One heated debate is whether robots will replace teachers in classrooms. Some think it’ll happen in the next ten years, while others believe a good teacher’s value, like building a child’s confidence and creativity, can’t be easily replaced. ②AI is not new for us and is already being used successfully in many fields, such as medicine, science and so on. So what does this mean for our future? In my view, AI will help kids to think more freely and creatively. Can AI possibly cut down the teaching work in the future, too? Of course. Our teachers are always busy preparing materials for their lessons. Just imagine how happy they would be if they don’t have to copy hundreds of paper, but instead, have this task or others done by machines. ③However, most importantly, I believe AI will not be able to copy the human mental condition totally, especially emotional intelligence (情商). What makes learning unforgettable is shared experience, human interaction (互相作用), and long-lasting positive relationships. For example, experienced teachers can comfort a student if he has suffered a serious loss. But robots may not do this well. ④I also believe we need to continue to celebrate our kids’ personality and their ability not only to make decisions but also make the right decisions. These are skills that they can get as they get more life experience and are given the space to experiment. ⑤In short, AI in education has both advantage and disadvantage. It’s a useful tool. It helps students learn better and reduces teachers’ workload. But it can never replace teachers. Teachers understand students’ feelings, guide them, and help with their overall development. The future of education needs to combine the good points of AI with teachers’ special abilities. This way, we can create a nice and efficient learning environment. 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By telling stories B．By comparing views C．By raising questions D．By giving suggestions 2．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about? A．Why teachers can be replaced in classrooms. B．There is argument over Artificial Intelligence. C．How helpful AI can be to both students and teachers. D．AI is only being used successfully in education. 3．What does the underlined “they” in paragraph 4 refer to? A．Teachers. B．Kids. C．Robots. D．AI. 4．What’s the structure of the passage? A．B．C． D． 4．What’s the writer’s attitude towards the use of AI in education? A．AI will completely replace teachers. B．AI is useless in education. C．AI can be helpful but teachers’ role is still important. D．Teachers should only rely on AI in teaching. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文主要讲了对于人工智能是否可以取代老师的观点，作者提出了自己的看法。 1．推理判断题。根据短文开头“There’s much excitement and argument about Artificial Intelligence”可知，关于人工智能有很大的争论，结合下面“Some think it’ll happen in the next ten years, while others believe a good teacher’s value, like building a child’s confidence and creativity, can’t be easily replaced.”可知，这是在提出两方的观点，所以文章是以比较观点的方式开始短文内容的。故选B。 2．主旨大意题。根据“In my view, AI will help kids to think more freely and creatively. Can AI possibly cut down the teaching work in the future, too? Of course. Our teachers are always busy preparing materials for their lessons.”并通读本段可知，本段主要讲述工智能能帮助学生和老师。故选C。 3．词句猜测题。根据“I also believe we need to continue to celebrate our kids’ personality and their ability not only to make decisions but also make the right decisions. These are skills that they can get as they get more life experience and are given the space to experiment.”可知，作者认为需要继续赞扬孩子们的个性，以及他们不仅能做出决定，而且能做出正确决定的能力，当孩子们获得更多的生活经验和实验空间时，他们可以获得这些技能，所以划线部分指代上文中的“kids”。故选B。 4．篇章结构题。第一段总领全文引出话题；第二段是讲了AI的好处，第三段讨论AI的局限性，第四段讲了要鼓励孩子的个性和能力；第五段与第一段呼应，所以短文是总分总的结构。故选A。 5．观点态度题。根据“It’s a useful tool…But it can never replace teachers. Teachers understand students’ feelings, guide them, and help with their overall development.”可推知，作者认为AI在教育中是有帮助的，但教师的角色仍然重要。故选C。 6.（2025·山东济南·一模）The 2025 Spring Festival Gala, also known as the CCTV New Year’s Gala, was a wonderful event that showed the newest developments in technology and entertainment. One of the most talked-about highlights of the gala was the appearance of YangBOT. Directed by famous film maker Zhang Yimou, the show mixed traditional Chinese yangge dance with modern robot technology, which amazed audiences at home and abroad. In the performance, human-like robots dressed in colorful costumes danced yangge, a joyful traditional folk dance from northern China often seen during Spring festivals. They spun handkerchiefs instantly and formed creative patterns alongside a group of professional dancers. The robot’s movements were smooth and precise, showing the incredible progress Chinese people have made in the field of robotics and AI. What’s more, YangBOT played a significant role in the gala, not only as a performer but also as an interactive host. The robots have state-of-the-art (最先进的) artificial intelligence (AI). They can interact with the audience in real-time, answering questions, telling jokes and even take part in daily activities. Its ability to understand and response to human emotions made it a hit among viewers of all ages, and that has become a symbol of China’s technological innovation. Thanks to the innovations, the robots won the heart of millions. On social media, topics like “Robot Yangge” trended quickly. Young viewers call it “cool”, while older audiences loved its humor and festival spirit. The YangBOT performance is a perfect mixture of China’s tech progress and cultural pride. As one fan said, “It’s like watching the future and past dance together!” The appearance of YangBOT in the 2025 Spring Festival Gala was a symbol of China’s commitment (投入) to innovation and its vision for the future. The robot’s presence not only entertained millions of viewers but also inspired a new generation of tech enthusiasts. As technology continues to develop, it is clear that robots like YangBOT will play an increasingly important role in our lives, bridging the gap between humans and machines. 1．What specific action did YangBOT perform? A．Spinning handkerchiefs instantly. B．Changing costumes rapidly. C．Singing traditional festival songs. D．Controlling stage lighting effects. 2．Which feature of YangBOT impressed (给……印象深刻) the audience most? A．Its ability to spin handkerchiefs quickly. B．Its understanding of human emotions. C．Its colorful costumes. D．Its collaboration with professional dancers. 3．What can we infer about the audience’s reaction to YangBOT? A．Some young viewers found it interesting. B．Older audiences disliked its modern technology. C．People of different ages enjoyed it for various reasons. D．It caused disagreements on social media. 4．What does the underlined word “It” in paragraph 5 refer to? A．Traditional yangge dance. B．The progress in robotics and AI. C．The Spring Festival Gala. D．The YangBOT performance. 5．What is the main idea of the passage? A．The challenges of combining technology with traditional culture. B．The importance of the Spring Festival Gala in Chinese culture. C．Zhang Yimou’s contribution to modern robot performances. D．YangBOT’s success in mixing technology progress with cultural pride. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．D 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了2025年央视春晚中YangBOT的表演，展示了中国在机器人技术和人工智能领域的进步，以及传统文化与现代科技的完美融合。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“They spun handkerchiefs instantly...”可知，YangBOT表演了快速转手绢的动作。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“Its ability to understand and response to human emotions made it a hit among viewers of all ages, and that has become a symbol of China’s technological innovation.”可知，YangBOT对人类情感的理解能力给观众留下了深刻印象。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段“Young viewers call it ‘cool’, while older audiences loved its humor and festival spirit.”可知，年轻观众称它“酷”，而年长的观众喜欢它的幽默和节日精神，不同年龄段的观众因不同原因喜欢YangBOT的表演。故选C。 4．词句猜测题。根据第五段“The YangBOT performance is a perfect mixture...”可知，划线词“it”指代的是YangBOT的表演。故选D。 5．主旨大意题。全文围绕YangBOT在春晚中的表现，展现了中国科技与文化的融合，因此最佳标题为D项。故选D。 7.（2025·甘肃兰州·二模）In China, many young people do great things. Four of them are really interesting. These young people are confident. They know what to do. They aren’t afraid to try new things or face problems. When they work, they try their best and never stop. They have big dreams and work hard every day to make them real. They know if they keep trying, they can win. They make other young people want to do well too. They will help a lot with technology and culture. Name: Liang Wenfeng Graduated from: Peking University Company: DeepSeek He made great contributions to the development of artificial intelligence with DeepSeek’s advanced AI technologies. People love him because his work brings innovation and convenience to our daily life. His contributions promote the development of AI technology and have a positive influence on the digital transformation of society. Name: Jiaozi (Yang Yu) Graduated from: Sichuan University Company: work for Chengdu Cocoa Bean Animation His movie Ne Zha 2 is a box - office hit. He is popular for his unique visual effects and touching stories. His movies not only bring joy to the audience but also inspire the development of the domestic animation industry, making Chinese animation more recognized globally. Name: Wang Xingxing Graduated from: Zhejiang University Company: Unitree Robotics His company has developed advanced 4-legged animal products, In 2025 When Unitree Robotics “YanBOT” appeared on the Spring Festival Gala (春晚) they attracted many people’s attention, They danced very well . it well mixes traditional culture with modern technology. Many people liked their products because they can help people in many ways. They can work in dangerous places instead of humans. They also help scientists do research. In the future, they may become our good helpers in daily life. His work promotes (促进) the development of the robotics industry and has a positive influence on technological innovation. Name: Feng Ji Graduated from: Huazhong University of Science and Technology Company: Game Science His work Black Myth: Wukong has drawn wide attention. It is very popular because he combines traditional Chinese culture with modern animation techniques. His creation not only enriches the content of Chinese cultural products but also helps to spread Chinese traditional culture around the world, enhancing cultural confidence. 1．What is the name of Jiaozi’s most popular movie? A．Black Myth: Wukong. B．Ne Zha 2. C．YanBOT dance. D．DeepSeek. 2．Why is Wang Xingxing’s work important? A．Because he is a famous movie director. B．Because he created a popular video game. C．Because he graduated from Peking University. D．Because they can help people in many ways. 3．What is special about Feng Ji’s creation, Black Myth: Wukong? A．It is a popular quadruped robot. B．It mixes traditional culture with modern techniques. C．It is a box-office hit movie. D．It focuses on artificial intelligence. 4．What do Liang Wenfeng, Jiaozi, Wang Xingxing, and Feng Ji have in common? A．They all founded companies. B．They are all famous for their work in technology. C．They all graduated from the same university. D．They are all young people who are confident and work hard to achieve their dreams. 5．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Young people in China are only interested in technology. B．Four young people are making contributions to technology and culture. C．Chinese animation is the most popular in the world. D．All young people in China are afraid to try new things. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．B 4．D 5．B 【导语】本文介绍了四位中国年轻人在科技和文化领域的成就。他们自信、勇于尝试新事物，努力实现梦想。 1．细节理解题。根据“Name: Jiaozi (Yang Yu)：His movie Ne Zha 2 is a box-office hit.”可知，饺子的电影《哪吒2》是一部票房大热的电影。故选B。 2．细节理解题。文章提到Wang Xingxing的公司Unitree Robotics开发的四足机器人产品在多个领域有广阔的应用前景。故选D。 3．细节理解题。文章提到Feng Ji的作品将中国传统文化与现代动画技术相结合。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“Four of them are really interesting. These young people are confident. They know what to do. They aren’t afraid to try new things or face problems. When they work, they try their best and never stop. They have big dreams and work hard every day to make them real.”可知，这四位年轻人自信、知道自己想要什么，并且努力实现梦想，故选D。 5．主旨大意题。根据“They will help a lot with technology and culture.”可知，文章主要介绍了四位年轻人在科技和文化领域的贡献。故选B。 8.（2024·福建厦门·二模） Following the barbecue-driven travel craze to the city of Zibo in East China and the ice-snow tourism frenzy (旅游狂潮) in Harbin in the northeast, Chinese social media has once again showed its influence in highlighting (突出) the next internet-famous city worth exploring. This time it’s Tianshui, a low-key city in Northwest China’s Gansu province that has become the focus. It has attracted a lot of attention on the Internet after being enthusiastically recommended by food lovers and social media influencers, celebrating the city’s iconic dish of hot pot and its rich cultural attractions, including the Maijishan Grottoes (麦积山石窟). Known as Tianshui Malatang, which means spicy and hot, the local dish is popular for its large piece of skewered (串在签子上的) meat, vegetables, and hand-made potato noodles in a pot of boiling soup, and served with a spoon of special chili oil. As of March 13, “Tianshui Malatang” has become the most widely searched topic across China’s major social media platforms, and related short videos have received over 1 billion views. Searches for “Tianshui Malatang” on the Chinese lifestyle-sharing platform Xiaohongshu have resulted in over 30,000 related notes. To keep the tourist flow, the city also makes efforts to ensure food safety and price control. To make things easier for tourists, the locals have developed various travel routes suitable for their different interests, whether it’s discovering local flavors (当地特色) or exploring cultural sites. Meanwhile, many locals have volunteered to offer free rides, picking up tourists from the stations. 1．Why has Tianshui become the focus? A．Because of its low-key. B．Because of its location. C．Because of the influence of social media. D．Because of its food and culture. 2．What can we infer from the passage? A．Tianshui Malatang is not spicy at all. B．The food in Tianshui is very cheap. C．More and more people will visit Tianshui. D．There are no cultural attractions in Tianshui. 3．What does the underlined word “their” in the last paragraph refer to? A．the locals’ B．the tourists’ C．the city’s D．the volunteers’ 4．What’s the best title for the passage? A．Delicious Food in Tianshui B．The Influence of Social Media C．Interesting Places in Gansu D．The Next Internet-Famous City 5．Where can we probably find the passage? A．On a news website. B．In a science book. C．In a story book. D．On a notice board. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．B 4．D 5．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了由于美食爱好者和社交媒体的影响，甘肃天水成为网红城市的现象。 1．细节理解题。根据“It has attracted a lot of attention on the Internet after being enthusiastically recommended by food lovers and social media influencers”可知，天水由于受到美食爱好者和社交媒体影响者的强烈推荐，在互联网上引起了关注。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据“To keep the tourist flow, the city also makes efforts to ensure food safety and price control...picking up tourists from the stations.”可知，为了保持旅游流量，天水政府和当地人，正在努力开发不同的旅游线路或提高服务，所以推测会有越来越多的人去天水旅游。故选C。 3．词义猜测题。根据“To make things easier for tourists, the locals have developed various travel routes suitable for their different interests”可知，为了方便游客，当地人开发了适合他们不同兴趣的各种旅游线路，所以their指代“游客的”。故选B。 4．最佳标题题。根据“Following the barbecue-driven travel craze to the city of Zibo in East China and the ice-snow tourism frenzy in Harbin in the northeast...worth exploring.”及下文内容可知，本文主要讲述了天水在中国社交媒体的影响下，成为继淄博和哈尔滨之后的又一互联网知名城市的现象。故选D。 5．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了天水在社交媒体的影响下，突然走红的现象，属于一篇新闻报道。故选A。 9.（2025·山东德州·模拟预测） Four years after graduating, Luo Jiajia, 36, answered an inner calling to lead a more meaningful life. She noticed that environmental problems were becoming more serious, but little action was being taken. She decided to do something. Luo works for the China Green Foundation (CGF)—an NGO that promotes reforestation (再造林) and encourages people to take part in environmental protection in China. It’s also active in the international community. Luo’s main work concerns the Million Forest project. Having started 10 years ago, the goal of the project is to plant 1 million trees in the Tengger Desert, China’s fourth-largest desert in Inner Mongolia. Over 100 million trees have been planted. Luo helps support the project by brainstorming different fundraising (筹资) activities and organizing events. The project has brought many benefits to local communities. Without the project, many locals would have been forced to leave their homes as eco-refugees (生态移民). Luo’s project has also helped to provide jobs for locals. They can earn money by selling the fruit that the trees produce. Eco-tourism (生态旅游) has been more popular because these areas have become an oasis (绿洲) in the desert. Although her project helps with reforestation efforts, the team discovered that it was just as important to change people’s attitudes (态度). Million Forest changed its slogan (口号) to, “Plant a tree in your heart.” Commenting (评论) on the change, Luo said, “It’s not possible for you to plant a tree every day, but if you have a tree in your heart then you can take care of the whole environment. If we make the effort to change the inside, we will change the outside world too.” 1．What is Luo’s main work at CGF? A．Attending UN meetings as a CGF representative. B．Selecting volunteers to work for CGF. C．Providing support for the Million Forest project. D．Promoting eco-tourism in the Tengger Desert of Inner Mongolia. 2．What’s the underlined word “benefits” mean in Chinese? A．益处 B．风险 C．保险 D．奖励 3．How has the Million Forest project helped local communities? A．It has provided jobs for eco-refugees. B．It has offered locals a chance to make money. C．It has helped locals sell fruit across the country. D．It has encouraged locals to leave their hometown to work. 4．Why did Million Forest change its slogan according to Luo? A．To celebrate achieving its goals. B．To call on people to plant as many trees as they can. C．To show people the importance of reforestation. D．To remind people to have environmental protection in mind. 5．Where is this passage most probably taken from? A．A history book. B．A space website. C．An environmental magazine. D．A personal letter. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．D 5．C 【导语】本文讲述了罗佳佳数年如一日，在腾格里沙漠植树造林来对抗沙漠化、保护环境的感人事迹。 1．细节理解题。根据“Luo helps support the project by brainstorming different fundraising (筹资) activities and organizing events.”可知，罗的主要工作是为“百万森林”项目提供支持和组织活动，故选C。 2．词句猜测题。根据划线词后的“Without the project, many locals would have been forced to leave their homes as eco-refugees (生态移民).”可知，如果没有这个项目，许多当地人将被迫离开家园，成为生态难民。因此“benefits”在语境中表示“益处”，故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“Luo’s project has also helped to provide jobs for locals. They can earn money by selling the fruit that the trees produce.”可知，项目通过种树和发展生态旅游，为当地居民提供了赚钱机会，故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据罗补充说的“It’s not possible for you to plant a tree every day…If we make the effort to change the inside, we will change the outside world too.”可知，新口号“Plant a tree in your heart”强调从内心重视环保，是为了让人们时刻牢记环境保护的重要性，故选D。 5．推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主题围绕环保、植树及生态保护，最可能出自环保类刊物，故选C。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 阅读理解-主旨大意题&推理判断题+一模试题&热点话题 主旨大意题 主旨大意题需要考生在阅读并理解全文的基础上，对文章内容或段落内容进行归纳概括，强调整体。该题型常见的设问方式和解题方法如下所示： 标题类：The best title/heading for the passage/paragraph is... 中心思想类：What’s the passage mainly about?/What does the passage mainly tell us? 段落概括类：What’s the main idea of the first paragraph? 1.关键词法/主题词法 Do you know that over 1/3 of all food produced in the world goes to waste? According to the United Nations (UN), every year around the world, about one billion (十亿) tons of food is wasted. At the same time, there are nearly one billion people who go hungry. Simply 1/4 of the food wasted is enough to keep them out of hunger. In addition, the wasted food produces over three billion tons of carbon dioxide (CO2), which speeds up climate (气候) change. What can we do to solve this food waste problem? One effective solution is balancing food production with demand (需求). In hotels and other similar places, special instruments should be used so that cooking specialists just prepare and cook food as it is ordered. Another effective solution is starting programs to reduce (减少) food waste. Stores and buyers can try their best to be creative in food waste reduction. For example, stores can provide customers with instructions telling them how to make full use of food. Buyers can try not fixing their eyes only on food of the best quality (质量). Sometimes, the food of non-top quality is also good enough to eat, or can be bought and then used to make delicious dishes. One of the hardest solutions to achieve is for each and every one to buy and prepare food with a plan of their own so that less food is wasted. Challenging as it is, the use of meal plans in preparing food can play an important role in ending food waste in the family. Food recycling is one of the known solutions. Efforts are now already in progress. Food that is not safe for humans to eat is recycled into other products such as animal feeds and clothing. Yet, there is still a long way to go and much for improvement in this area. In a word, food waste has been one of the biggest problems in the world that have influenced us greatly. Many solutions have been found and many more are yet to be worked out. If each of us can put in more efforts, food waste is sure to be reduced for the good of our future. 问：What is the passage mainly about? A. Benefits of reducing food waste. B. Solutions to the food waste problem. C. The importance of fighting food waste. D. The attitude to the food waste problem. 2.关键句法/主题句法 All the results proved our theory（假设） true.But putting it into practice can be difficult. Our fast-paced lifestyles fill the day with goals. We try to get the highest output both at work and in spare time. This focus on future outcomes makes it all too easy to miss what is happening right now. We should slow down and let life surprise us. 问：What does the last paragraph mainly tell us? A. It is easier for results-driven people to achieve success. B. We often turn a blind eye to the present moment. C. A fast-paced lifestyle helps us reach our goals. D. Future life will bring us many more surprises. 3.段意组合法/篇章结构法 What does it mean to be green? Green is more than just a color. It also means taking special steps to protect the environment. Buying a green product is a small step everyone can take. Deciding whether a product is green, however, isn’t always easy. We need to consider the whole life cycle of the product even after it’s of no use. Here is what we may keep in mind. The materials of a product are usually our first focus (关注). What is it made of? Are there any harmful chemicals in it? Green products are made of more natural materials which are free from harmful chemicals, so they can be good for our physical health. Packaging is important. How is a product packaged? Is it over packaged? We’d better choose glass, metal and paper packaging, as these can be reused or more easily recycled (回收利用). We can also look for less packaging or even choose unbagged products whenever possible. Location (地点) matters. Where was a product produced? Where are we buying it? Think about how much energy was used to get it to us try to choose local products. When it comes to food, it is a good idea to order directly from local farmer, shop at markets and buy fruits in season. Buying from stores near our houses is also a good choice, because we can go there without driving a car. Look into what the company tells us about their product. It’s easy to say that a product is “green” or “all natural” but the words may be too good to be true. So, much of the information about a product should be taken with a grain of salt. After all, companies try to make us believe that their products are environmentally responsible. The greenest thing is certainly the one we don’t buy. Things like food and clothing are necessary for life. But many others are not. Better than buying is choosing to leave an unnecessary product in the store and doing without. It sends a message to the producer, keeps money in our pockets, reduces (减少) waste and keeps the planet healthy. 问：Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A. Buying Green B. Recycling Waste C. Keeping Healthy D. Reducing Energy Use 4.标题反推法 There are millions of recipes(菜谱) hidden in the boxes and hearts of grandmother and parents. These family recipes are a special part of our family history. Some of them have been passed down from generation(一代人) to generation. .......... "Those special tastes can immediately unlock a whole flood of emotions, memories and feelings of family, love, and comfort," says she. ....... Actually, there are simple ways to keep family recipes, Scrapbooks（剪贴薄）are easily found in the market. You can even add photos to record every detail of your memories about the recipe. With the help of some popular apps like Story Scans, recording family recipes has never been easier. What is needed is to scan（扫描） the recipes and record the story behind each of them. It can become the most meaningful work you have ever done with and for your family. Keeping family recipes is saving and honoring our tradition so that future generations can continue to make family ties stronger. Every time you remember your loved ones, recreate one of the dishes from your collection and let the memories from the good old days comfort you. So why not gift your kids a family recipe book when they are starting a new life? 问：Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A. Family Recipes: Secrets of Cooking B. Family Recipes Are at a Crossroads C. Family Recipes: Connections to Interests D. Family Recipes Are More than Just Recipes 推理判断题 推理判断题要求考生对文本内容或作者的情感、态度、目的做出合理的判断和推理，在C篇、D篇考查频率较高。根据其推断的内容，可分为三类，即细节推断类、写作目的推断类、情景推断类。 1.细节推断类 细节推断类多为推断文章细节或作者观点、态度，其常见设问方式如下所示： From this passage, we can infer/know/learn that __________. What can we learn from the passage?/What do you know about...? The writer probably agrees that __________. 细节推断题实际考查的是对文章细节的理解，选项中只有1项与原文表述一致，其他3个选项均为对原文的错误表述。该类型题目可以用判断正误法来解。 Another effective solution is starting programs to reduce（减少）food waste. Stores and buyers can try their best to be creative in food waste reduction.For example, （C选项对应原文） stores can provide customers with instructions telling them how to make full use of food. Buyers can try not fixing their eyes only on food of the best quality（质量）. （B选项对应原文）Sometimes, the food of non-top quality is also good enough to eat, or can be bought and then used to make delicious dishes. （D选项对应原文）One of the hardest solutions to achieve is for each and every one to buy and prepare food with a plan of their own so that less food is wasted. Challenging as it is, the use of meal plans in preparing food can play an important role in ending food waste in the family. （A选项对应原文）Food recycling is one of the known solutions. Efforts are now already in progress. Food that is not safe for humans to eat is recycled into other products such as animal feeds and clothing. Yet, there is still a long way to go and much for improvement in this area. 问：What can we learn from the passage? A. Food recycling has been hugely successful. B. Buyers should give up non-top quality food. C. Stores should train people to make delicious dishes. D. Meal plans in the family are hard to put into practice. 2.写作目的推断类 该类题侧重问作者写某句/某段/整个篇章的目的，常见的设问方式有以下几种： Why does the writer talk about...? The writer mentions...in Paragraph 2 to show that __________. The writer wants/intends to tell us that __________. What’s the main purpose of the passage? 写作目的题的选项一般会有以下动词：introduce（介绍）、suggest（提议）、explain解释）、discuss（讨论）、compare（比较）、question（质疑）、stress 强调）、remind （提醒）、show （展示）等。常用解题方法如下所示： 1. 语境推断法（适用于推断某句/某段的写作目的） Over the past century and a half, however, studies in the history of human development have shown that the formation of culture is part of the biological adaptation（适应）..Consider,for example,hunting(打猎). It seems to be an adaptation, which allowed humans to move into new and different areas, opening up the opportunity to change living habits. At the same time, the development of weapons（武器） is related to that adaptation—from rocks and stones to a set of hunting tools, and from hunting tools to rules relating to the proper use of weapons. Hunting also seems to be responsible for a whole set of bodily abilities, such as balancing on one foot. Just think of how this very simple thing is closely related to dance, a key expression of human culture. It is then clear that biological development and cultural development are closely tied. 问：Why does the writer talk about . .hunting in Paragraph 3? A. To suggest some possible ways of changing living habits. B. To stress the importance of tools in humans’ struggle for life. C. To show how culture develops as humans adapt to the environment. D. To explain why there is a need to call for the proper use of weapons. 2.主旨推断法（适用于推断整篇文章的写作目的） A Pathway（路径） to Meaning in Life When it comes to a meaningful life, we might think of love, happiness and health. A life filled with meaning is what most of us want for ourselves. Then, what makes a meaningful life? Many researchers agree that a meaningful life comes down to three factors (因素): having long-term goals,believing that one’s life matters, and feeling that one’s life fits together and “makes sense”. But we believe there is more to consider. Sometimes life enables us to experience small moments of beauty. When people are open to appreciating (欣赏) such experiences, these moments may improve how they see their own life. We call this experiential appreciation (EA). EA is about the person feeling connected to events and being able to appreciate the value within the connection. It shows the discovery of and admiration for life’s beauty. We recently set out to better understand EA in studies. We were interested in whether EA was also tied to general judgment of meaning in life. If so, it could be a factor for meaningfulness. In the first study, we had people rate (评估) their support for different methods of reducing stress. We found that people who managed stress by focusing on their appreciation for life’s beauty also reported experiencing life as highly meaningful. In the next study, we asked people to rate the degree to which they agreed with various statements, such as “I appreciate the beauty of life” and “I appreciate little things in life,” as well as other statements that related to the three factors and a general sense of meaning in life. Our results showed that the more people reported that they were “appreciating life” and its many experiences, the more they felt their life was valuable. In the following studies, we further looked at the connection between EA and meaningfulness. For example, we found that people who were asked to look back on the most meaningful event of the past week generally reported high EA in those moments. All the results proved our theory (假设) true. But putting it into practice can be difficult. Our fast-paced lifestyles fill the day with goals. We try to get the highest output both at work and in spare time. This focus on future outcomes makes it all too easy to miss what is happening right now. We should slow down and let life surprise us. 问：What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A. To explain how to discover beauty in life. B. To discuss what the true meaning of life is. C. To introduce a new factor for a meaningful life. D. To compare different factors for meaningfulness. 3.情景推断类 情景推断题考查对文中重点论述的某个观点/概念/方法的理解，选项一般为不同的生活情景，要求选出符合该观点/概念/方法的情景。常见的设问方式如下所示： You were most probably in...condition when __________. You will most probably experience...when you __________. According to the writer, we can...by __________. 情景推断题考查的是文中重点论述的观点/概念/方法，原文一般会使用概念解释和示例来加以论述，因此可利用原文中的解释和示例来找出选项中与之相符的情景。 Enjoyment is characterized by a sense of curiosity, of achievement. Playing a tennis game that improves one’s ability is enjoyable, as is reading a book that shows things in a new light, as is having a conversation that leads us to express ideas we didn’t know we had. None of these experiences may be especially pleasurable when they are taking place, but when we think back on them afterwards, we would say, “That really was fun” and wish they would happen again. After an enjoyable event we know that we have changed, and grown. 问：You will most probably experience enjoyment when you ______. A. buy expensive shoes B. order a delicious meal C. talk with friends for new ideas D. sit quietly in front of a television 江苏一模 1.（2025·江苏连云港·一模）Have you ever thought about what’s more important, looking fashionable or feeling comfortable? Many people choose style over comfort and some even go to extremes (极端) to follow fashion. But we should remember: being fashionable isn’t everything. It’s more important to be healthy. Some people believe that they need to be a certain size to look good. So, they start extreme diets. They might not eat meals or eat too little, which can make them feel sick. Is it a healthy way to live? Also, many girls wear shoes with very high heels to make them look taller. But these shoes can actually hurt their feet and make it hard to walk comfortably. Some even wear tight clothes that influence blood circulation, making it hard to breathe. Should we put fashion over comfort and physical health? Besides, some boys and girls spend a lot of time and money changing their hair color. The material they use is usually harmful to their health. To make their hair straight or curly, they also use tools that are hot enough to burn their hair. But using these tools too often can make the hair dry or even burnt. Is it really worth it to risk our health, spending so much time and money? So, let’s rethink what’s really important. Is it fashion or is it our well-being? Clothes or hairstyles don’t tell us anything about a person’s character. Instead of spending a lot of time choosing clothes, we could use that time to do fun things with friends. And instead of following extreme diets, let’s eat properly and exercise regularly. Remember, your worth is not decided by your appearance, but by who you are as a person. 1．What does the underlined word “well-being” in Paragraph 5 mean? A．Growth. B．Health. C．Warmth. D．Wealth. 2．What is the structure of the passage? (P=Paragraph) A．B．C． D． 3．What can we learn from the text? A．You are what you eat. B．Laughter is the best medicine. C．Don’t judge a book by its cover. D．Actions speak louder than words 2.（2025·江苏无锡·一模） The old English saying “you can lead a horse to water, but you can’t make it drink” has been used since the 16th century to describe the difficulty of getting someone to act in their own best interests. But now, a new study suggests the use of this saying has been undervaluing horses for centuries. Horses have the ability to think and plan ahead and are far cleverer than scientists thought before, according to a Nottingham Trent University study that analyzed the animal’s replies to a reward-based game. “Before, research has suggested that horses simply reply to stimuli (刺激) in the moment, and that they don’t voluntarily look ahead, think ahead and plan their actions—however, our study shows that they do have an awareness of the results and outcomes (结果) of their actions.” said the lead researcher, Louise Evans. The three-stage game included 20 horses, who were rewarded with a treat just for touching a piece of card with their noses in the beginning. Then in the second stage, researchers started turning on a “stop light”. The horses were only given a snack if they touched the card while the stop light was off. At first, they took no notice of the light and carried on touching the card, paying no attention to whether or not the light was on. But then, in the third stage, researchers introduced a penalty for touching the card while the stop light was on - a 10-second break during which the horses could not play the game at all. The team found there was a sudden and huge reduction in mistakes by all the members. The horses started correctly touching the card only at the right time to get a treat. “That break was enough to quickly get the performance out of them that we wanted.” said Evans. “That was enough for the horses to go: ‘OK, let’s just play by the rules.’” The study suggests that, rather than fail to catch the soul of the game, horses understood the rules in a short time. Evans hopes this pioneering study will help to improve welfare for horses. In training, you really don’t need to use anything too strict to get really good performance out of horses. 1．How does the writer lead to the topic of the passage? A．By explaining the reasons of a study. B．By listing some meanings of a saying. C．By introducing the history of a study. D．By pointing out the misuse of a saying. 2．Which word has the closest meaning to “penalty”? A．punishment B．partner C．reward D．record 3．The reward-based game shows that ________. A．the 10-second stop was long enough for horses to break the rules B．horses got a treat when they touched the card with the stop light on C．all the horses improved quickly and made fewer mistakes in the third stage D．researchers left horses out of the game for touching the card at the wrong time 4．What’s the purpose of the passage? A．To prove horses are clever. B．To call for better conditions for horses. C．To argue against an old saying. D．To introduce methods of studying horses. 3.（2025·江苏扬州·一模）Waiting in line, sitting in the middle seat, experiencing delays-there’s a long list of unpleasant things about flying on planes. And here’s another one that worries us a lot: getting blocked (堵住的) ears. It’s also sometimes called “airplane ear”. But why do we get it? It happens because of changes in air pressure. When a plane takes off and moves higher, the air pressure outside our ears goes down quickly because the air is thinner at higher altitudes. However, there is still air from ground level inside our ears. This air is thicker and at a higher pressure. So there is a difference in pressure between the air inside our ears and outside our ears. This difference in air pressure causes the air inside our ears to push against the eardrum (耳膜), because air moves from areas of high pressure to areas of low pressure. The air pushing against the eardrum makes our ears feel blocked and uncomfortable. When the air comes out, our ears “pop”. Some people really don’t like this feeling, either. Drinking water, swallowing, yawning (打哈欠) or eating hard sweets can help to clear our ears. The air inside our ears is in the Eustachian tube (咽鼓管), which connects the middle ear to the back of the nose and throat. Swallowing helps encourage this tube to open a little wider, which helps let out the air inside our ears. However, swallowing and yawning don’t always work. Our ears sometimes stay blocked for longer, which may hurt. If your ears take a really long time to clear even when you get off the plane, you may need to see a doctor. 1．What does “it” in Paragraph 1 refer to? A．Waiting in line. B．Getting blocked ears. C．Experiencing delays. D．Sitting in the middle seat. 2．Why do our ears get blocked when flying? A．Because of changes in air pressure. B．Because of the wrong eardrum. C．Because of drinking much water. D．Because of eating hard sweets. 3．How can swallowing help to clear our blocked ears? A．By encouraging the eardrum become stronger. B．By making the air pressure outside our ears lower. C．By encouraging the Eustachian tube to open wider. D．By making the air pressure inside our ears higher. 4．What’s the best title of this passage? A．Airplane Food: Choices and Reviews B．Airplane Ear: Reasons and tips C．Airplane safety: Risks and Prevention D．Airplane Noise: Causes and tips 4.（2025·江苏盐城·一模）Oliver spent the first nine years of his life with Mrs. Mann. The government paid Mrs. Mann to look after children like Oliver. She looked after about twenty or thirty children like him. She knew exactly what the children needed, but she also knew exactly what she needed. As a result, she spent most of the money on herself. The children were always hungry, and sometimes they starved to death. Sometimes one would fall in the fire while Mrs. Mann was not looking or die of cold in the winter. Somehow, Oliver stayed alive. On his ninth birthday, Oliver was small, thin, and pale. He and two other boys told Mrs. Mann that they were hungry. Mrs. Mann said they were not hungry. She hit them and locked all three of them in the cellar (地下室). This was their punishment for complaining. When Mrs. Mann looked out of the window, she was surprised to see the beadle (小官吏) at the gate, trying to get in. The beadle was an officer from the government. He thought he was an important officer. He was very fat, but he had a beautiful uniform, which made him feel even more important. When Mrs. Mann saw him, she quickly told her helper to get the three boys out of the cellar and clean their faces and hands. She pretended she was very pleased to see the beadle, whose name was Mr. Bumble, and gave him a glass of gin to drink. Mr. Bumble told Mrs. Mann that he was going to take Oliver away because he was now nine years old. “We have never been able to find out anything about his father or mother,” he said. “We don’t even know their names. Oliver will work in the workhouse and earn his gruel (稀粥).” Mrs Mann was surprised nobody knew who Oliver’s parents were and wondered how he got a name. “I gave it to him,” said the beadle. “I made it up myself.” Mrs. Mann brought Oliver to the beadle. “Would you like to come with me, Oliver?” asked Mr. Bumble. 1．How did Mrs. Mann deal with the money the government paid her? A．She spent it all on the children. B．She saved most of it for future use. C．She used most of it for herself. D．She donated some of it to the poor. 2．Why were Oliver and the other two boys locked in the cellar? A．Because they fought with each other. B．Because they refused to do their work. C．Because they said they are hungry. D．Because they said bad words about Mrs. Mann. 3．What can we know about Mr. Bumble from the passage? A．He knew a lot about Oliver’s parents. B．He was proud of his position and uniform. C．He often visited Mrs. Mann to check on the children. D．He was a kind-hearted officer who cared about the children. 4．Why did Mrs. Mann have the boys’ faces and hands cleaned when Mr. Bumble arrived? A．To hide the signs of their poor treatment. B．To prepare them for a birthday celebration. C．To teach them to be children with good manners. D．To make Mr. Bumble be willing to take them away. 5．What’s this passage mainly about? A．The terrible cellar. B．The Cruel Mr. Bumble. C．Oliver’s working for food. D．Hard life in Oliver’s early years. 5.（2025·江苏徐州·一模）When a theatre puts on a show, someone has to change the stage into a castle, or a forest, or a school. That person is the set designer. But before building the real set, they create a small model. Lizzie Bracken designed the set for a play called You Think It’s Easy Being the Tooth Fairy? at Lifeline Theater in Chicago. Ophelia: Why do you make models? Lizzie: Most set designers starts with a model. It’s a fast way to see what the set will look like. You can take a model apart and put it back together and play with it and make sure everything works before you build the real one. I start with a lot of drawings. Once I can see what it looks like, I make a white model, no color, so we can see if all the pieces work. Then I add colors and decoration. Ophelia: What’s the model made of? Lizzie: Foam core (泡沫板) and illustration (插图) board, I measure, cut, and glue them together. For furniture, I buy miniatures from dollhouse or model train shops. These stores have surprising items like trees, lamps, and tiny furniture. Ophelia: The play is about a three-inch-tall tooth fairy. How did you make an adult actor look small? Lizzie: Oh, we used creative tricks! The prop (道具) designer, Jenny Pinson, made some huge quarters (25-cent coins) for the fairy to collect. To her, these coins looked like dinner plates—heavy enough for weightlifting! We also built a giant four-foot puppet hand. The fairy would open it to take out a huge tooth. A giant cat paw swiping at them added more fun. Just the few props helped the audience imagine the fairy’s tiny world. Ophelia: What’s your next project? Lizzie: Maybe Frankenstein… that would be so fun to work on. Ophelia: Thanks for sharing! 1．What is the type of this passage? A．A letter. B．A play. C．An interview. D．A story. 2．What does Lizzie do? A．A set designer. B．A prop designer. C．An actress. D．A model. 3．What is the right order of Lizzie’s making a model? ①make a white model            ②colour and decorate it ③draw a picture            ④check all the pieces A．①③④② B．③①④② C．①③②④ D．③①②④ 4．How did Lizzie make a grow-up actor appear three inches tall? A．She added special lighting effects. B．She asked actors to stand on boxes. C．She used mirrors to make images smaller. D．She used giant props like coins and puppet hands. 6.（2025·江苏南通·一模）Are you avoiding pain or living with a purpose? There are two paths we can take in any given situation: One is the path of avoiding pain at the moment, and the other is the more difficult path of delaying (推迟) pleasure for a bigger purpose. Some people don’t see the value in having patience during difficult times or working towards a goal. They would rather buy the latest, greatest cellphone than save for retirement (退休). We often make our life choices according to how we can avoid pain at the moment and, in doing so, fail to see that the path of delaying gratification (满足) is sometimes where the real solutions to our problems lie. Studies show that delaying gratification is one of the most effective personal qualities of successful people. People who learn how to manage their needs that need to be satisfied at the moment thrive (蓬勃发展) more in their careers, relationships and health than people who give in to them. A well-known study conducted at Stanford University in the 1960s explains a lot about why it’s beneficial to delay gratification. In the study, children were placed in a room with one marshmallow on a plate. The leading researcher gave the children an easy instruction: You can eat the marshmallow now, or wait 15 minutes and receive two marshmallows. The researchers found that the children who were able to wait for the second marshmallow without eating the first one scored higher on standardized tests, had better health, and were less likely to have behavior problems. Consider the result of this study, and think about yourself and your actions. Are you able to wait for things you really want, even if it involves giving up pleasure and satisfaction now? Do you make decisions based on your life purpose or on what feels good now? Do you sometimes give up too soon? Can you think of a time when you successfully completed a difficult task? How did it make you feel about yourself? What were the results of waiting? Delaying gratification isn’t a new concept. Back in 300 BC, Aristotle saw that the reason why so many people were unhappy was that they confused pleasure with true happiness. True happiness, according to Aristotle, is about developing habits and surrounding yourself with people who grow your soul (灵魂). This allows you to move towards your greatest natural ability. True happiness needs delaying pleasure, and putting in the time, discipline and patience required to achieve a goal instead of feeling good now. A life of purposes, aligned (保持一致) with the pursuit of true happiness, creates real joy. It keeps your happiness pretty steady (稳定的) throughout your life. So, which path would you like to take? 1．People who delay gratification will probably ________. A．avoid pain and give up at the moment B．work hard patiently for a bigger goal C．fail to see where the real solutions to their problems lie D．fail easily in their careers, relationships and health 2．Why does the writer mention the well-known study in Paragraph 4? A．To show children’s different choices. B．To tell readers the study was a very scientific one. C．To prove the value of putting off gratification. D．To explain why some children were more successful. 3．The writer probably agrees that ________. A．a purposeful life can bring us real joy B．pleasure helps us to make correct decisions C．pleasure plays a key role in a life of purposes D．true happiness is about avoiding pain at the moment 4．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A．To encourage us to delay pleasure for a bigger purpose. B．To explain the meanings of pleasure and true happiness. C．To compare two different paths to a life of purposes. D．To discuss the good effects of delaying gratification. 社会热点 1.（2025·山东泰安·一模） For more than a month, the world has been excited about a new AI model, DeepSeek-R1. It was developed by DeepSeek, a Chinese business based in Hangzhou, Zhejiang province. The new AI was released on Jan 20. In just one week, it beat OpenAI’s ChatGPT and became the top free application (应用) in Apple’s App Store, reported Xinhua. Its developer said that DeepSeek-RI is as good at difficult tasks as other big models but needs less computing power (算力). It is also the cheapest of its kind and took only about 5.57million US dollars (40.58 million yuan) to develop. That is way less than the hundreds of millions or even billions that US businesses have had to spend on building similar AI models,Marc Andreessen, a technology expert in the US,told Xinhua. DeepSeek-R1’s success largely came from its special training method. Traditionally, AI is trained in two ways. One is Chain-of-Thought (CoT, 思维链), where AI learns to break problems into smaller, simpler steps. The other is Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT, 监督微调) , which works by showing Al lots of practice problems along with the right answers for it to find a pattern. DeepSeek-R1, however, used Reinforcement Learning (RL, 强化学习) as the core (核心) method, Xinhua reported. In RL, Al learns by trying different things. It gets rewards (奖励)for correct actions and gets punished for mistakes. For example, in a game, it gets points for picking up trash (垃圾) and loses points for breaking a glass. Over time, it works out the best solution all by itself. This is how DeepSeek-R1 has grown to be a reasoning model, which is a new type of Al, noted Microsoft engineer Vinayak Hegde. Regular (常规的) AI models, like GPT-40, usually just give direct answers. But reasoning models are trained to both think and show the process. 1．What is one of the strong points of DeepSeek-R1compared to other AI models? A．It’s cheaper to develop. B．It’s smarter than others. C．It’s better at difficult activities. D．It’s quicker at solving problems. 2．How does DeepSeek-R1 learn? A．By breaking problems into smaller steps. B．By finding the right patterns in practice problems. C．By finding the right way to do things independently. D．By following all kinds of orders from its creators. 3．How can the reasoning model be described? A．It gives direct answers. B．It provides a lot of reasons. C．It gives the best solution. D．It thinks and then decides. 4．What is the passage mainly about? A．The application of DeepSeck-RI. B．The challenges faced by DeepSeek-R1. C．The differences between Al models. D．The introduction to DeepSeek-RI. 2.（24-25九年级下·广东广州·阶段练习）When people are still amazed by the power of ChatGPT, a new app called DeepSeek has already become the most popular app in the world, with the most downloads. In 2021, 80% of companies were already using AI in some way. By 2025, the number of companies using AI is expected to increase by 270%. More than half of these companies (51%) have decided to deepen their use of AI. The rapid spread of Al has left people wondering: Besides companies, who also will start using AI in their daily lives? Many think that people who understand how AI works would be the most likely to use it. However, a new study published in the Journal of Marketing found the opposite. People who know less about AI are actually more willing to use it. In other words, people are more interested in things they don’t fully understand. This happens because AI can now do things that we once thought only humans could do. For example, when AI creates a piece of art, write a heartfelt reply, or plays a musical instrument, it can feel almost magical—like it’s stepping into human field. Of course, AI doesn’t actually have human qualities. A chatbot might produce a human-like answer, but it doesn’t feel what we humans feel. People with more technical knowledge about AI understand this. They know how algorithms (算法), training data (训练数据), and computer models work. This makes the technology less mysterious. On the other hand, those with less understanding, especially the young, may see Al as magical and inspiring. This sense makes them more open to using AI tools. To make the most of AI, businesses, teachers, and policymakers need to make an effort. By understanding how the “magic” of AI affects people’s willingness to use it, they can create better AI products and services that match how people see AI. They should also help people understand both the benefits and risks of AI. In an ideal world, people could enjoy the amazing things Al can do, like solving complex math problems, while also appreciating the magical qualities that make AI so fascinating. 1．Who will download DeepSeek to use it according to the new research? A．Steve, a retired engineer in robot design. B．Daisy, a girl who is open to new ideas working at home. C．Tony, an office worker who knows the training data well. D．John, a student studying computer science in the college. 2．What does the underlined word mysterious mean? A．magic B．special C．frightening D．understandable 3．What is the right structure of the passage? A．①②/③④/⑤B．①/②③④/⑥ C．①/②/③④/⑤ D．①/②③/④⑤ 4．What is the main purpose of writing this article? A．To warn people of the risks of AI. B．To show how popular AI is nowadays. C．To discuss the reasons why people don’t like AI. D．To find out ways to attract more people to use AI. 3.（2025·浙江·一模） For more than a month, the world has been excited about a new AI model, DeepSeek-R1. It was developed by DeepSeek, a Chinese business based in Hangzhou, Zhejiang province, The new AI came out on Jan 20. In just one week, it beat OpenAI’s ChatGPT and became the top free application in Apple’s App Store, reported Xínhua. Its developer said that DeepSeek-R1 is as good at difficult tasks as other big models but needs less computing power. It is also the cheapest of its kind and took only about 5.57 million US dollars (40.58 million yuan) to develop. That is the way less than the hundreds of millions or even billions that US businesses have had to spend in building similar AI models. DeepSeek-R1’s success largely came from its special training method. Traditionally, AI is trained in two ways. One is Chain-of-Thought (CoT, 思维链), where AI learns to break problems into smaller, simpler steps. The other is Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT, 监督微调), which works by showing Al lots of practice problems along with the right answers for it to find a pattern. DeepSeek-R1, however, used Reinforcement Learning (RL, 强化学习) as the main method. Xinhua reported. In RL, AI learns by trying different things. It gets rewards for correct actions and gets punished for mistakes. For example, in a game, it gets points for picking up litter and ▲ . Over time, it works out the best solution all by itself. This is how DeepSeek-R1 has grown to be a reasoning model, which is a new type of AI, named Microsoft engineer Vinayak Hegde. Common AI models, like GPT-40, usually just give direct answers. But reasoning models are trained to both think and show the process. 1．What does the underlined word “it” refer to? A．Deepseek-R1. B．UpenA1. C．ChatGPT. D．Chain-of-Thought. 2．What are the reasons for DeepSeek-R1’s success? ①Its low cost.      ②Its big models.        ③Its simple pattern.   ④Its special method. A．①③ B．③④ C．②③ D．①④ 3．Which of the following can be put in ▲ ? A．collects much information B．solves the problem itself C．loses ones for breaking a glass D．uses the main method again 4．What’s the best title of the passage? A．How Deepseek-R1 Developed. B．A New AI Model Excited the World. C．The Increasing Technology of China. D．The Popularity of Deepseek-R1. 4.（2025·重庆九龙坡·一模）①Can you imagine a doctor performing a surgery (手术) on a patient thousands of kilometers away? It seems to only happen in science fiction. However, a recent surgery done by doctors in Chengdu has shown the possibility in real life. Using a robotic technology, the doctors saved a patient in Lhasa (拉萨). With the development of AI-powered remote (远程的) surgery, modern healthcare has changed in a big way. ②AI played an important part in this surgery. By studying tons of medical data (数据), AI helps doctors plan the surgery, predict problems that could happen, and find the solutions. ③During the surgery, AI also tells the doctors the patient’s necessary information, like heart rate, blood pressure and oxygen levels. If anything of the patient goes wrong, it can warn the medical team and suggest changes to the surgery plan. ④ ________ Remote surgeries need fast data transmission (传送), as even small delays (延迟) can be dangerous. Supercomputing can quickly deal with a lot of data, making sure that the surgery pictures are clear and that the doctors’ orders are followed at once. The two-way network delay in this surgery was only 40 milli-seconds, thanks to powerful supercomputers. ⑤The robot used in this surgery does an excellent job. It has one arm and one hole, which makes the cut smaller, making less pain and speeding up the process for the patient to get better. It also increases the chances of a successful surgery and lowers the risk of accidents. ⑥This kind of surgery is a huge excitement, especially for people in remote areas. It means that patients don’t have to travel far for good medical care, saving time and being treated in time. ⑦And for places with fewer doctors, this kind of surgery also brings good news as doctors from bigger cities can help with surgeries and train local doctors. This kind of surgery is important for improving healthcare everywhere. 1．How does the writer lead into AI-powered remote surgery? A．By giving an example. B．By telling a story. C．By giving reasons. D．By listing numbers. 2．Which sentence can be put in the “________”? A．The robot plays an important part in the remote surgery. B．Another key role in this surgery was supercomputing technology. C．With AI, doctors can quickly finish the surgeries with data transmission. D．The surgery needs not only teamwork but also network. 3．What can we infer about AI-powered remote surgery from the passage?. A．No matter how far the place is, this kind of surgery can reach. B．The doctors in Lhasa might improve their skills through this kind of surgery. C．AI can warn the doctors if anything goes wrong with the patient. D．The patient in Lhasa may get better a little slower through this kind of surgery. 4．Which of the following shows the structure of this passage? (①= Para.1 ②= Para.2 ③= Para.3 ④= Para.4 ⑤= Para.5 ⑥= Para.6 ⑦Par.7) A．B． C． D． 5.（2025·江西南昌·一模）①There’s much excitement and argument about Artificial Intelligence (AI) (人工智能). One heated debate is whether robots will replace teachers in classrooms. Some think it’ll happen in the next ten years, while others believe a good teacher’s value, like building a child’s confidence and creativity, can’t be easily replaced. ②AI is not new for us and is already being used successfully in many fields, such as medicine, science and so on. So what does this mean for our future? In my view, AI will help kids to think more freely and creatively. Can AI possibly cut down the teaching work in the future, too? Of course. Our teachers are always busy preparing materials for their lessons. Just imagine how happy they would be if they don’t have to copy hundreds of paper, but instead, have this task or others done by machines. ③However, most importantly, I believe AI will not be able to copy the human mental condition totally, especially emotional intelligence (情商). What makes learning unforgettable is shared experience, human interaction (互相作用), and long-lasting positive relationships. For example, experienced teachers can comfort a student if he has suffered a serious loss. But robots may not do this well. ④I also believe we need to continue to celebrate our kids’ personality and their ability not only to make decisions but also make the right decisions. These are skills that they can get as they get more life experience and are given the space to experiment. ⑤In short, AI in education has both advantage and disadvantage. It’s a useful tool. It helps students learn better and reduces teachers’ workload. But it can never replace teachers. Teachers understand students’ feelings, guide them, and help with their overall development. The future of education needs to combine the good points of AI with teachers’ special abilities. This way, we can create a nice and efficient learning environment. 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By telling stories B．By comparing views C．By raising questions D．By giving suggestions 2．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about? A．Why teachers can be replaced in classrooms. B．There is argument over Artificial Intelligence. C．How helpful AI can be to both students and teachers. D．AI is only being used successfully in education. 3．What does the underlined “they” in paragraph 4 refer to? A．Teachers. B．Kids. C．Robots. D．AI. 4．What’s the structure of the passage? A．B．C． D． 4．What’s the writer’s attitude towards the use of AI in education? A．AI will completely replace teachers. B．AI is useless in education. C．AI can be helpful but teachers’ role is still important. D．Teachers should only rely on AI in teaching. 6.（2025·山东济南·一模）The 2025 Spring Festival Gala, also known as the CCTV New Year’s Gala, was a wonderful event that showed the newest developments in technology and entertainment. One of the most talked-about highlights of the gala was the appearance of YangBOT. Directed by famous film maker Zhang Yimou, the show mixed traditional Chinese yangge dance with modern robot technology, which amazed audiences at home and abroad. In the performance, human-like robots dressed in colorful costumes danced yangge, a joyful traditional folk dance from northern China often seen during Spring festivals. They spun handkerchiefs instantly and formed creative patterns alongside a group of professional dancers. The robot’s movements were smooth and precise, showing the incredible progress Chinese people have made in the field of robotics and AI. What’s more, YangBOT played a significant role in the gala, not only as a performer but also as an interactive host. The robots have state-of-the-art (最先进的) artificial intelligence (AI). They can interact with the audience in real-time, answering questions, telling jokes and even take part in daily activities. Its ability to understand and response to human emotions made it a hit among viewers of all ages, and that has become a symbol of China’s technological innovation. Thanks to the innovations, the robots won the heart of millions. On social media, topics like “Robot Yangge” trended quickly. Young viewers call it “cool”, while older audiences loved its humor and festival spirit. The YangBOT performance is a perfect mixture of China’s tech progress and cultural pride. As one fan said, “It’s like watching the future and past dance together!” The appearance of YangBOT in the 2025 Spring Festival Gala was a symbol of China’s commitment (投入) to innovation and its vision for the future. The robot’s presence not only entertained millions of viewers but also inspired a new generation of tech enthusiasts. As technology continues to develop, it is clear that robots like YangBOT will play an increasingly important role in our lives, bridging the gap between humans and machines. 1．What specific action did YangBOT perform? A．Spinning handkerchiefs instantly. B．Changing costumes rapidly. C．Singing traditional festival songs. D．Controlling stage lighting effects. 2．Which feature of YangBOT impressed (给……印象深刻) the audience most? A．Its ability to spin handkerchiefs quickly. B．Its understanding of human emotions. C．Its colorful costumes. D．Its collaboration with professional dancers. 3．What can we infer about the audience’s reaction to YangBOT? A．Some young viewers found it interesting. B．Older audiences disliked its modern technology. C．People of different ages enjoyed it for various reasons. D．It caused disagreements on social media. 4．What does the underlined word “It” in paragraph 5 refer to? A．Traditional yangge dance. B．The progress in robotics and AI. C．The Spring Festival Gala. D．The YangBOT performance. 5．What is the main idea of the passage? A．The challenges of combining technology with traditional culture. B．The importance of the Spring Festival Gala in Chinese culture. C．Zhang Yimou’s contribution to modern robot performances. D．YangBOT’s success in mixing technology progress with cultural pride. 7.（2025·甘肃兰州·二模）In China, many young people do great things. Four of them are really interesting. These young people are confident. They know what to do. They aren’t afraid to try new things or face problems. When they work, they try their best and never stop. They have big dreams and work hard every day to make them real. They know if they keep trying, they can win. They make other young people want to do well too. They will help a lot with technology and culture. Name: Liang Wenfeng Graduated from: Peking University Company: DeepSeek He made great contributions to the development of artificial intelligence with DeepSeek’s advanced AI technologies. People love him because his work brings innovation and convenience to our daily life. His contributions promote the development of AI technology and have a positive influence on the digital transformation of society. Name: Jiaozi (Yang Yu) Graduated from: Sichuan University Company: work for Chengdu Cocoa Bean Animation His movie Ne Zha 2 is a box - office hit. He is popular for his unique visual effects and touching stories. His movies not only bring joy to the audience but also inspire the development of the domestic animation industry, making Chinese animation more recognized globally. Name: Wang Xingxing Graduated from: Zhejiang University Company: Unitree Robotics His company has developed advanced 4-legged animal products, In 2025 When Unitree Robotics “YanBOT” appeared on the Spring Festival Gala (春晚) they attracted many people’s attention, They danced very well . it well mixes traditional culture with modern technology. Many people liked their products because they can help people in many ways. They can work in dangerous places instead of humans. They also help scientists do research. In the future, they may become our good helpers in daily life. His work promotes (促进) the development of the robotics industry and has a positive influence on technological innovation. Name: Feng Ji Graduated from: Huazhong University of Science and Technology Company: Game Science His work Black Myth: Wukong has drawn wide attention. It is very popular because he combines traditional Chinese culture with modern animation techniques. His creation not only enriches the content of Chinese cultural products but also helps to spread Chinese traditional culture around the world, enhancing cultural confidence. 1．What is the name of Jiaozi’s most popular movie? A．Black Myth: Wukong. B．Ne Zha 2. C．YanBOT dance. D．DeepSeek. 2．Why is Wang Xingxing’s work important? A．Because he is a famous movie director. B．Because he created a popular video game. C．Because he graduated from Peking University. D．Because they can help people in many ways. 3．What is special about Feng Ji’s creation, Black Myth: Wukong? A．It is a popular quadruped robot. B．It mixes traditional culture with modern techniques. C．It is a box-office hit movie. D．It focuses on artificial intelligence. 4．What do Liang Wenfeng, Jiaozi, Wang Xingxing, and Feng Ji have in common? A．They all founded companies. B．They are all famous for their work in technology. C．They all graduated from the same university. D．They are all young people who are confident and work hard to achieve their dreams. 5．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Young people in China are only interested in technology. B．Four young people are making contributions to technology and culture. C．Chinese animation is the most popular in the world. D．All young people in China are afraid to try new things. 8.（2024·福建厦门·二模） Following the barbecue-driven travel craze to the city of Zibo in East China and the ice-snow tourism frenzy (旅游狂潮) in Harbin in the northeast, Chinese social media has once again showed its influence in highlighting (突出) the next internet-famous city worth exploring. This time it’s Tianshui, a low-key city in Northwest China’s Gansu province that has become the focus. It has attracted a lot of attention on the Internet after being enthusiastically recommended by food lovers and social media influencers, celebrating the city’s iconic dish of hot pot and its rich cultural attractions, including the Maijishan Grottoes (麦积山石窟). Known as Tianshui Malatang, which means spicy and hot, the local dish is popular for its large piece of skewered (串在签子上的) meat, vegetables, and hand-made potato noodles in a pot of boiling soup, and served with a spoon of special chili oil. As of March 13, “Tianshui Malatang” has become the most widely searched topic across China’s major social media platforms, and related short videos have received over 1 billion views. Searches for “Tianshui Malatang” on the Chinese lifestyle-sharing platform Xiaohongshu have resulted in over 30,000 related notes. To keep the tourist flow, the city also makes efforts to ensure food safety and price control. To make things easier for tourists, the locals have developed various travel routes suitable for their different interests, whether it’s discovering local flavors (当地特色) or exploring cultural sites. Meanwhile, many locals have volunteered to offer free rides, picking up tourists from the stations. 1．Why has Tianshui become the focus? A．Because of its low-key. B．Because of its location. C．Because of the influence of social media. D．Because of its food and culture. 2．What can we infer from the passage? A．Tianshui Malatang is not spicy at all. B．The food in Tianshui is very cheap. C．More and more people will visit Tianshui. D．There are no cultural attractions in Tianshui. 3．What does the underlined word “their” in the last paragraph refer to? A．the locals’ B．the tourists’ C．the city’s D．the volunteers’ 4．What’s the best title for the passage? A．Delicious Food in Tianshui B．The Influence of Social Media C．Interesting Places in Gansu D．The Next Internet-Famous City 5．Where can we probably find the passage? A．On a news website. B．In a science book. C．In a story book. D．On a notice board. 9.（2025·山东德州·模拟预测） Four years after graduating, Luo Jiajia, 36, answered an inner calling to lead a more meaningful life. She noticed that environmental problems were becoming more serious, but little action was being taken. She decided to do something. Luo works for the China Green Foundation (CGF)—an NGO that promotes reforestation (再造林) and encourages people to take part in environmental protection in China. It’s also active in the international community. Luo’s main work concerns the Million Forest project. Having started 10 years ago, the goal of the project is to plant 1 million trees in the Tengger Desert, China’s fourth-largest desert in Inner Mongolia. Over 100 million trees have been planted. Luo helps support the project by brainstorming different fundraising (筹资) activities and organizing events. The project has brought many benefits to local communities. Without the project, many locals would have been forced to leave their homes as eco-refugees (生态移民). Luo’s project has also helped to provide jobs for locals. They can earn money by selling the fruit that the trees produce. Eco-tourism (生态旅游) has been more popular because these areas have become an oasis (绿洲) in the desert. Although her project helps with reforestation efforts, the team discovered that it was just as important to change people’s attitudes (态度). Million Forest changed its slogan (口号) to, “Plant a tree in your heart.” Commenting (评论) on the change, Luo said, “It’s not possible for you to plant a tree every day, but if you have a tree in your heart then you can take care of the whole environment. If we make the effort to change the inside, we will change the outside world too.” 1．What is Luo’s main work at CGF? A．Attending UN meetings as a CGF representative. B．Selecting volunteers to work for CGF. C．Providing support for the Million Forest project. D．Promoting eco-tourism in the Tengger Desert of Inner Mongolia. 2．What’s the underlined word “benefits” mean in Chinese? A．益处 B．风险 C．保险 D．奖励 3．How has the Million Forest project helped local communities? A．It has provided jobs for eco-refugees. B．It has offered locals a chance to make money. C．It has helped locals sell fruit across the country. D．It has encouraged locals to leave their hometown to work. 4．Why did Million Forest change its slogan according to Luo? A．To celebrate achieving its goals. B．To call on people to plant as many trees as they can. C．To show people the importance of reforestation. D．To remind people to have environmental protection in mind. 5．Where is this passage most probably taken from? A．A history book. B．A space website. C．An environmental magazine. D．A personal letter. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$