专题01 冠词、名词、数词、介词精讲-2025届中考英语总复习（牛津译林版）

专题01.冠词、名词、数词、介词精讲 冠词 一．冠词易错点 （1） a/an 的区分： 注意以“U”开头的单词。如果发字母 u 本身的音/ju：/，前面加a. 如.a useful book, a university, . a usual chair； 如果发以外的音， 前面加 an：如an unusual chair, an unimportant, an umbrella, 常考还有 an honest boy . a European country （2） 球类,棋类运动和三餐饭前不加 the play football ，play chess. have breakfast.西洋乐器前加 the play the violin，play the piano （3）高难度题 a“u” ；an“h” ；an “s” ；an “x” 二．冠词常考点 考点一　不定冠词a/an (一)不定冠词a/an的用法 1 指一类人或事，相当于a kind of A plane is a machine that can fly. 2 第一次提及某人某物，非特指 A boy is waiting for you. 3 表示“每一”相当于every，one We study eight hours a day. 4 表示“相同”相当于the same We are nearly of an age. 5 用于人名前，表示不认识此人或与某名人有类似性质的人或事 A Mr. Smith came to visit you when you were out That boy is rather a Lei Feng. 6 用于固定词组中 A couple of, a bit, once upon a time, in a hurry, have a walk, many a time 7 用于quite, rather, many, half, what, such之后 This room is rather a big one. 8 用于so(as, too, how)+形容词之后 She is as clever a girl as you can wish to meet. (二)不定冠词a和an的区别 a用于以辅音音素开头的单词前 a tiger，a European country，a university an用于以元音音素开头的单词前 an apple，an hour，an honest boy 注意　判断一个单词前用 a 还是 an，是根据其读音，而不是根据其首字母。如下所示： u开头的单词 发/ju：/时用a a university，a useful book 发/ʌ/时用an an umbrella，an unusual story，an unhappy boy 其他特殊：a European country；an hour；an honest 考点二　定冠词 (一)定冠词the的用法 1 表示某一类人或物 The horse is a useful animal. 2 用于世上独一无二的事物名词前 the universe, the moon, the Pacific Ocean 3 表示说话双方都了解的或上文提到过的人或事 Would you mind opening the door? 4 用于乐器前面 play the violin, play the guitar 5 用于形容词和分词前表示一类人 the reach, the living, the wounded 6 表示“一家人”或“夫妇” the Greens, the Wangs 7 用于序数词和形容词副词比较级最高级前 He is the taller of the two children. 8 用于国家党派等以及江河湖海，山川群岛的名词前 the United States, the Communist Party of China, the French 9 用于表示发明物的单数名词前 The compass was invented in China. 10 在逢十的复数数词之前，指世纪的某个年代 in the 1990’s 11 用于表示单位的名词前 I hired the car by the hour. 12 用于方位名词，身体部位名词，及表示时间的词组前 He patted me on the shoulder. (二)定冠词the的固定搭配 　　 考点三　零冠词 1 专有名词，物质名词，抽象名词，人名地名等名词前 Beijing University, Jack, China, love, air 2 名词前有this, my, whose, some, no, each, every等限制 I want this book, not that one. / Whose purse is this? 3 季节，月份，星期，节假日，一日三餐前 March, Sunday, National Day, spring 4 表示职位，身份，头衔的名词前 Lincoln was made President of America. 5 学科，语言，球类，棋类名词前 He likes playing football/chess. 6 与by连用表示交通工具的名词前 by train, by air, by land 7 以and连接的两个相对的名词并用时 husband and wife, knife and fork, day and night 8 表示泛指的复数名词前 Horses are useful animals. 1．（2025·甘肃陇南·模拟预测）My parents want to meet (a) old friend of theirs at the party. 2．（2025·江苏扬州·一模）If we sit by ________ window of the train, we can have ________ better view. A．/; the B．/; a C．the; a D．the; the 3．（2024·江苏扬州·模拟预测）John is ________ IT engineer, and he usually develops a new type of software every ________ few months. A．the; a B．an; a C．a;/ D．an; / 4．（2025·江苏镇江·一模）The 9th Asian Winter Games were held on Feb 7, 2025 in Harbin. It is ________ second time that Harbin has won the right to host this event. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 5．（2025·江苏南通·模拟预测）I left ________‘s’ when I wrote the word ‘press’, so I didn’t get full mark. A．a B．the C．an D．/ 6．（2025·江苏南通·模拟预测）Eddie said he saw ________ UFO in ________ sky last night. A．a; a B．the; the C．an; the D．a; the 7．（2025·江苏连云港·模拟预测）India is _______ Asian country with a large number of people. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 8．（2025·江苏盐城·一模）—Tom took ________ one-hour ride just now. What a short time he spent finishing such a long way! —We all know he is ________ experienced rider. A．an; the B．a; an C．a; the D．an; a 9．（2025·江苏盐城·一模）—Has Tim got ________ first place in the race? —No, he hasn’t! But he will have ________ second try. A．a; the B．the; the C．a; a D．the; a 10．（2025·江苏扬州·一模）DeepSeek, ________ AI language model, has become ________ popular tool for people to get information and solve problems. A．an; a B．a; an C．the; a D．an; the 名词 一．名词易错点 （1） 单复数特殊变化： 男man-men、女woman-women、脚 foot-feet、牙tooth-teeth、鹅 goose-geese、孩子child-children、 people（可数名词）,sheep, deer（鹿）fish 单复数同形。 中日不变，英法变，其余后面加s Americans，Germans （2） 名词的复数重心转移： This is an old pair of shoes. I want a new pair . （3） 带性别的复合词组： 有woman 和man两个表示性别的词做定语修饰后面的名词时变复数，两者同时变复数。Two women（变）doctors（变），two men teachers 二．名词常考点 考点一 可数名词的复数形式 1. 规则变化 规则 例词 1 一般情况在词尾加-s map-maps, sea-seas, girl-girls, day-days 2 以s, x, ch, sh结尾的名词后加-es class-classes, box-boxes, watch-watches, dish-dishes 3 以-f或-fe结尾的词 变-f和-fe为v再加-es leaf-leaves, thief-thieves, knife-knives, wife-wives, half-halves 加-s chief-chiefs, proof-proofs, roof-roofs 4 以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，变y为i加-es party-parties, family-families, story-stories, city-cities 5 以元音字母加y结尾的名词，或专有名词以y结尾的，加-s toy-toys, boy-boys, day-days, ray-rays, Henry-Henrys 6 以辅音字母加-o结尾的名词 一般加-es Negro-Negroes, hero-heroes, potato-potatoes, tomato-tomatoes 不少外来词加-s piano-pianos, photo-photos, auto-autos, kilo-kilos, solo-solos 两者皆可 zero-zeros/zeroes, volcano-volcanoes/ volcanos 7 以元音字母加-o结尾的名词加-s radio-radios, bamboo-bamboos, zoo-zoos 8 以-th结尾的名词加-s truth-truths, mouth-mouths, month-months, path-paths, 2. 不规则变化 规则 例词 1 改变名词中的元音字母或其他形式 man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, goose-geese, mouse-mice 2 单复数相同 sheep, deer, means, works, fish, yuan, jin, 3 只有复数形式 trousers, clothes, thanks, goods, glasses, 4 一些集体名词总是用作复数 people, police 5 部分集体名词既可以作单数（整体）也可以作复数（成员） class, family, crowd, couple, group, government, population, team, public, party 6 复数形式表示特别含义 customs(海关), times(时代), spirits(情绪), drinks(饮料), sands(沙滩), papers(文件报纸), looks(外表), brains(头脑智力), greens(青菜) 7 表示“某国人” 加-s Americans, Australians, Germans, Greeks, Swedes, Europeans 单复数同形 Swiss, Portuguese, Chinese, Japanese 以-man或-woman结尾的改为-men,-women Englishmen, Frenchwomen 8 合成名词 将主体名词变为复数 sons-in-law, lookers-on, passers-by, story-tellers, boy friends 无主体名词时将最后一部分变为复数 grown-ups, housewives, stopwatches 将两部分变为复数 women singers, men servants 考点二 不可数名词 1. 不可数名词没有复数形式,前面不能用不定冠词 a/ an 修饰,但可用 much, a lot of / lots of, plenty of, some, little, a little 等修饰。 作主语时谓语动词用单数形式。 There is some tea in the cup. 茶杯里有些茶。 2. 不可数名词还常用“数词/ 不定冠词+量词+of+不可数名词”来表示不可数名词的量。 a piece of paper 一张纸, two cups of tea 两杯茶,a glass of water 一玻璃杯水,three bottles of pop 三瓶汽水。 作主语时,谓语动词的数取决于 of 前面的量词的数。 There are three glasses of orange juice on the table. 桌子上有三杯橙汁。 常见的不可数名词： 类别 例词 饮食 milk；water；juice；tea；coffee；beer；soup；oil；beef；pork；rice；wheat；corn；bread；salt；cheese；butter 材料 gold；glass；silk；cotton；wool 自然 earth；light；sunshine；rain；snow；ice；grass；weather 抽象名词 advice；time；money；news；energy；work；knowledge；information；music；patience；help；fun 考点三 名词所有格 1. ’s所有格的构成： 单数名词在末尾加’s the boy’s father, Jack’s book, her son-in-law’s photo, 复数名词 一般在末尾加’ the teachers’ room, the twins’ mother, 不规则复数名词后加’s the children’s toys, women’s rights, 以s结尾的人名所有格加’s或者’ Dickens’ novels, Charles’s job, the Smiths’ house 表示各自的所有关系时,各名词末尾均须加’s Japan’s and America’s problems, Jane’s and Mary’s bikes 表示共有的所有关系时在最后一词末加’s Japan and America’s problems, Jane and Mary’s father 表示＂某人家＂＂店铺＂，所有格后名词省略 the doctor’s, the barber’s, the tailor’s, my uncle’s 2. ’s所有格的用法： １ 表示时间 today’s newspaper, five weeks’ holiday 2 表示自然现象 the earth’s atmosphere, the tree’s branches 3 表示国家城市等地方的名词 the country’s plan, the world’s population, China’s industry 4 表示工作群体 the ship’s crew, majority’s view, the team’s victory 5 表示度量衡及价值 a mile’s journey, five dollars’ worth of apples 6 与人类活动有特殊关系的名词 the life’s time, the play’s plot 7 某些固定词组 a bird’s eye view, a stone’s throw, at one’s wit’s end(不知所措) of所有格的用法： 用于无生命的东西：the legs of the chair, the cover of the book 用于有生命的东西，尤其是有较长定语时：the classrooms of the first-year students 用于名词化的词：the struggle of the oppressed 1．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）As a Hollywood’s great (act), Audrey Hepburn is highly praised. 2．（2025·江苏扬州·一模）It is surprising for us to know that are afraid of humans. (wolf) 3．（2025·江苏扬州·一模）Ne Zha 2 is a big success and the (proud) of China’s film industry. 4．（2025·江苏扬州·一模）Do you know how long the plane has been in (serve)? 5．（2025·江苏南京·模拟预测）Finishing the marathon gave me a strong sense of (achieve). 6．（2025·江苏南京·模拟预测）Those (invent) creative ideas have made a big difference to our lives. 7．（2025·江苏无锡·模拟预测）It is said that more and more gyms in Wuxi provide people with 24-hour (serve). 8．（2025·江苏南京·模拟预测）As an important part of the Spring Festival, this year's Gala celebrated not only China's rich traditions but also modern (achieve). 9．（2025·江苏南京·模拟预测）Details decide (succeed) or failure. If we take everything seriously, we’ll achieve our goals. 10．（2025·江苏南京·模拟预测）The old man needs medical (treat) right now. Let’s call 120 for him. 11．（2025·江苏南京·模拟预测）To tell you the (true), milk tea is not that healthy. 12．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）We are very proud of the great (achieve) that we have made in the space industry in the past years. 13．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）Wang Yaping, a famous astronaut, is the (proud) of our nation. 14．（2025·江苏扬州·一模）The two sides are unable to reach an (agree). They need a further discussion about the war. 15．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）His (decide) to study abroad surprised everyone. 数词 一．数词易错点 1.three sixths= 3/6 2.three and three is six 3+3=6 3.I want a few more.还要一点 once more. 再来一遍 two books more 再来两本书 4.a quarter =1/4 three quarters / three fourths = 3/4 5.200 个 two hundred 几百个：hundreds of 二．数词常考点 考点一 基数词的构成 1. 1-12的基数词是独立的词：one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve。 2. 13-19的基数词以-teen结尾：thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen。 3. 20-90的整十位数的基数词以-ty结尾：twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty, seventy, eighty, ninety。 4. 十位数与个位数之间要加连字符“-” ： twenty-one, thirty-two, forty-three, sixty-five 5. 百位和十位或百位和个位之间加and ： 365 — three hundred and sixty-five; 101— one hundred and one 6. 四位数以上的基数词：借用科学记数法，从后往前数，每三位数加“,”，第一个逗号为千（thousand）；第二个逗号为百万（million），第三个逗号为十亿（billion）。如： 2, 009 two thousand and nine 54, 321 fifty-four thousand, three hundred and twenty-one 7, 654,321 seven million, six hundred and fifty-four thousand, three hundred and twenty-one 7.hundred, thousand, million, billion的特殊用法 用法 举例 说明 前面有基数词，用来修饰后面的名词表示精确数量时，本身不用复数形式，名词才用复数形式。 800 (eight hundred students ) 3, 000 ( three thousand trees) ／ 否则，在表示含糊数量时要用复数形式，并要与of连用。 hundreds of 成百上千 thousands of 成千上万 millions of 数百万计 billions of 数十亿的 hundreds of, thousands of, millions of前面可被many, several, a few修饰，如：many／several thousands of 成千上万的 考点二：基数词的用法 (1) 基数词在句中可用作主语、宾语、表语和定语。 Twenty of them are Young Pioneers. 他们当中有二十个是少先队员。 (2) 用于名词之后表示顺序编号。 Please open your books and turn to Page 28. 请打开书翻到第 28 页。 (3) 基数词可表示年份、时间(钟点)、电话号码、年龄等。 I was born on July 12, 1989. 我出生在 1989 年 7 月 12 日。 时刻表示法： 情况 顺读法 示例 整点 基数词（+o’clock） 9:00 nine(o’clock) 几点零几分 钟点数 + 分钟数 9:40 nine forty 情况 逆读法 示例 “几点过几分” 30分钟内（包括半小时） 用介词past 9:10 ten(minutes) past nine 9:30 half past nine 9:15 a quarter past nine “几点差几分” 30分钟以外 用介词to 9:50 ten(minutes) to ten 9:45 a quarter to ten (4) 表示“世纪年代”,用“in + the +基数词复数”。 in the 1990s 在 20 世纪 90 年代 (5) in one's+整十的基数词复数表示“在某人……多岁时”。 The old woman is in her nineties. 这位老太太九十多岁了。 (6) “数词+连字符+单数名词”或“数词+连字符+单数名词+连字符+形容词”构成复合形容词作定语。 We have a seven-day holiday in October. 在 10 月我们有一个 7 天的假期。 She is an eight-year-old Chinese girl. 她是一个 8 岁的中国女孩。 (7)倍数表示法：一倍once；两倍twice；三倍或三倍以上：基数词+times 用法 举例 表示“是……几倍”： 倍数＋as＋形容词／副词原级＋as The room is three times as big as that one. “比……大几倍”： 倍数＋形容词／副词比较级＋than The room is three times bigger than that one. 考点三 ：序数词的构成及用法 1.基数词变序数词 口诀巧记：“一、二、三，特殊记(first/second/third)；八去t(eighth)，九去e(ninth)；ve要用f替(fifth/twelfth)；ty变为tie，再加th别忘记(twentieth)；若是遇到几十几 ，只变个位就可以。” 数字 基数词 序数词 缩略式 数字 基数词 序数词 缩略式 1 one first 1st 15 fifteen fifteenth 15th 2 two second 2nd 16 sixteen sixteenth 16th 3 three third 3rd 17 seventeen seventeenth 17th 4 four fourth 4th 18 eighteen eighteenth 18th 5 five fifth 5th 19 nineteen nineteenth 19th 6 six sixth 6th 20 twenty twentieth 20th 7 seven seventh 7th 30 thirty thirtieth 30th 8 eight eighth 8th 40 forty fortieth 40th 9 nine ninth 9th 50 fifty fiftieth 50th 10 ten tenth 10th 60 sixty sixtieth 60th 11 eleven eleventh 11th 70 seventy seventieth 70th 12 twelve twelfth 12th 80 eighty eightieth 80th 13 thirteen thirteenth 13th 90 ninety ninetieth 90th 14 fourteen fourteenth 14th 100 a hundred hundredth 100th 2.序数词的用法 用法 举例 (1) 日期用序数词来表示 May 1st 五月一日；September 10th 九月十日 (2) 一般要与定冠词或物主代词连用 Tom is the first child of the family． Tom is his first child． (2) 与a/ an连用时，表示数量上“又一” “再一” Though he failed twice, he would like to have a third time. (3) 表示分数时，分子用基数词，分母用序数词，当分子大于1时，分母要用复数 1／4 写作 one fourth 或 one quarter 1／2 写作 one second 或 a half 2／3 写作 two thirds 3／4 写作 three fourths 或 three quarters (4) 分数作主语时，谓语动词要根据分数后的名词来确定，如果是不可数名词就要用单数，是可数名词则用复数 One third of the students have been to the Great Wall. Four fifths of the water is drunk by the children. 1．（2025·江苏南通·模拟预测）We’ll have a ________ holiday. My parents will leave me ________ and I will feel ________. A．seven-days, alone, lonely B．seven-day, alone, lonely C．seven-day, lonely, alone D．seven-days, lonely, alone 2．（2025·江苏镇江·一模）—I learned that Huang Xuhua still worked hard on national defense research ________. —That’s true. His spirit that never gives up encourages me a lot. A．in the nineties B．in his nineties C．at the nineties D．at his nineties 3．（2024·江苏南通·模拟预测）—It’s said that the two ________doctors have just come back from Shanghai. —Yeah. I know them. They are both already in their ________. A．woman; forty B．women; fortieth C．women; forties D．woman; forties 4．（2024·江苏宿迁·三模）Nowadays, a number of people like HUAWEI phones better, and about ________ of them are adults. A．four fifths B．four fifth C．fourth fifth D．fourth fifths 5．（2024·江苏宿迁·三模）Marx found it necessary to learn Russian when he was already _________. A．in fifties B．in the fifties C．in fiftieth D．in his fifties 6．（2024·江苏宿迁·一模）—As one of the most popular tourist cities, Luoyang attracts _________ tourists every day. —Ah ha! Especially in blind date programs where Wang Po is a matchmaker. A．million B．millions of C．five million of D．five millions 7．（2025·江苏扬州·一模）His mother joined in the International Half Marathon in Zaolinwan in her . (forty) 8．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）At an old age, Bob Dylan won the Nobel Prize for Literature in his (seventy). 9．（2025·上海徐汇·模拟预测）This is the smartwatch she bought. Her first one was lost when she was traveling. (two) 10．（2025·江苏南京·模拟预测）On my grandmother’s (ninety) birthday party, I gave her my best wishes. 11．（2025·江苏南京·模拟预测）From February 7 to 14, the (nine) Asian Winter Games took place in Harbin, China. It’s also the second time for Harbin to host such a great event. 12．（2023·江苏南京·中考真题）Last weekend, (hundred) of students joined in the reading activity at the foot of the ancient Ming City Wall. 介词 一．介词易错点 （1） 介词+doing 介词+ 代词宾格形式 Neither of us is late. The book is for you. The knife is used for cutting things. Tom is sitting between him and me.（禁用“I” ） 关联记忆：介意 Mind + doing Would you mind my smoking here？ （2） on in at 的用法： 表时间：on(天优先，只要涉及天的概念就用 on） in(时段） at （时刻） ；on the morning of April 1st. on a rainy night 在一个雨天的夜晚 at the same time （3） 表伴随： with / without ，或 doing She is a girl with long hair. She is a girl wearing a new dress. （4）表方式： by bike，on foot 没有冠词“a”或名词复数 What time is it by your watch. . The boss pays us by week. He beat her with a book.（with 后要带 a 或复数） speak in English Write in ink （5）介词（不加 the）+名词 at table 在桌旁，且在吃饭（两层意思）at the table 在桌旁，具体干什么不清楚 in hospital（生病住院）和in the hospital（在医院）的区别 （6）in+语言/颜色/衣帽等，表示使用某种语言或穿着……。如：in English，in the hat （7）in the tree 表示“在树上 (非树本身所有)”；on the tree 表示“在树上(为树本身所 有)”。如：There are some in the tree. There are many apples on the trees. （8）in the wall 表示“在墙上（凹陷进去）”；on the wall 表示“在墙上（指墙的表面）”。 如：There’re four windows in the wall, and there is a map on the back wall. 二．介词常考点 常用介词区别： 1 表示时间的in, on, at at表示片刻的时间，in表示一段的时间，on总是与日子有关 2 表示时间的since, from since 指从过去到现在的一段时间，和完成时连用，from指从时间的某一点开始 3 表示时间的in, after in指在一段时间之后，after表示某一具体时间点之后或用在过去时的一段时间中 4 表示地理位置的in, on, to in表示在某范围内，on指与什么毗邻，to指在某环境范围之外 5 表示“在…上”的on, in on只表示在某物的表面上，in表示占去某物一部分 6 表示“穿过”的through, across through表示从内部通过，与in有关，across表示在表面上通过，与on有关 7 表示“关于”的about, on about指涉及到，on指专门论述 8 between与among的区别 between表示在两者之间，among用于三者或三者以上的中间 9 besides与except的区别 besides指“除了…还有再加上”，except指“除了，减去什么”，不放在句首 10 表示“用”的in, with with表示具体的工具，in表示材料，方式，方法，度量，单位，语言，声音 11 as与like的区别 as意为“作为，以…地位或身份”，like为“象…一样”，指情形相似 12 in与into区别 in通常表示位置（静态），into表示动向，不表示目的地或位置 三：固定搭配 用at的 at night 在夜间 at a time 一次 at noon 在中午 at the beginning 在…开始时 at the same time 同时 at the age of 在…岁时 at the moment 此刻；现在 at the bottom of 在…底部 at once 立刻；马上 at the end of … 在…结束时，在…末端 at first 首先；起初；当初 at school/ home/ work 上学/在家/ 上班 at last 最后，终于 at the gate 在门口 at least 至少 at table/ the table 吃饭/ 在桌旁 at the bus stop 在公共汽车站 at Tom’s 在汤姆家 at the doctor’s 在医生的诊所 at the foot/ bottom of mountain 在山脚下 用in的 in the middle/centre of 在…中间 in (the) front (of) 在…前面 in class 上课时 in hospital 住院 in the corner of 在（室内的）角落 in place of 代替 in bed 躺着 in turn 轮流 in spite of 尽管 in the world 在世界上 in a hurry 匆忙地 in surprise 惊奇地 in the sun 在阳光下 in the open air 在露天；在户外 in danger 处于危险之中 in peace 安宁地 in time 及时 in the sky 在天空中 in the air 在空中 in the future 在将来 in future 今后 in space 在太空中 in person 亲自 in one’s opinion 某人看来；以某人的观点 in trouble 处于麻烦中 in English / Japanese 用英语/日语 in the end 最后 in red/ a red dress 穿红色衣服 in this way 用这种方法 in a way 在某种程度上 in fact 事实上 in many ways 在许多方面 in loud/ low/ strong 大声/小声/坚定地说 in the field/ park 在田/公园里 用on的 on time 按时；准时 on the earth 在地球上 on one’s/ the way to 在去…的路上 on one’s way back from 在从…回去的路上 be on 上演（电影、表演） on the right/ left 在右边/左边 on one’s own 独自；自己 on the other side of 在…另一边 on the farm 在农场 on holiday 在度假 on TV/the radio/ the telephone/ the Internet 在电视上/收音机里/电话里/网上 on the corner of 在…的拐角处 on the edge of 处于…的边缘 on business 做生意；出差 on foot 步行 1．（2025·江苏盐城·一模）Everyone was touched ________ words after they watched the film Hi, MOM directed by Jia Ling. A．under B．across C．beyond D．through 2．（2025·江苏南京·模拟预测）The Dragon Boat Festival of this year falls ________ June 10th. A．on B．at C．in D．to 3．（2025·江苏南通·模拟预测）All of his family went on a trip to Wuxi, ________ his uncle. A．includes B．including C．include D．included 4．（2025·江苏扬州·一模）—Excuse me, how can I get to the bookstore? —Go ________ Center Street and turn right ________ the second street. A．along; to B．down; in C．along; on D．up; at 5．（2025·江苏常州·一模）China successfully sent off the Chang’e-6 spacecraft ________ the afternoon of May 3, 2024. A．at B．in C．on D．by 6．（2024·江苏镇江·二模）There is a piano ________ the wall in my study. I usually practise playing it in my free time. A．above B．against C．around D．among 7．（2025·江苏常州·一模）We had a great time ________ the summer vacation. A．in B．on C．at D．during 8．（2024·江苏宿迁·一模）The opening ceremony of the 19th Asian Games was held ______ September 23rd 2023. A．in B．on C．to D．at 9．（2024·江苏南京·三模）My father goes back to Nanjing for the Spring Festival every year ______ last year because he was busy with his work in Changzhou. A．including B．since C．before D．except 10．（2024·江苏泰州·三模）The 2024 Dragon Boat Festival (Duan Wu Jie) falls ______ June 10. Chinese people can enjoy three days _______ work from June 8 to 10. A．on, off B．in, away C．on, away D．in, off 11．（2024·江苏淮安·二模）My sister goes back to Huai’an for the Middle Autumn Festival every year ________ last year because she was busy with her work in Nanjing. A．including B．since C．except D．till 综合训练 1.[2024长沙模拟]阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Most people nowadays wear sneakers（跑鞋）, sandals（凉鞋） or boots. But in ancient China, many people made 1 （they） own cloth shoes. Tangchang, 2 town in Sichuan province with over 700 years of shoemaking history, is known 3 its cloth shoes. Tangchang cloth shoes are easy to walk in, and they don’t get wet 4 （easy）. Tangchang cloth shoes 5 （be） popular in China from the Ming Dynasty to the late Qing Dynasty. In 2018, Tangchang cloth shoes were added to Sichuan’s intangible cultural heritage（非物质文化遗产） list. Cloth shoes always look nice, 6 making cloth shoes is not easy. Growing up in Tangchang, Lai Shufang, 66, is a master of making cloth shoes and has been making them for over forty 7 （year）. The job is much 8 （difficult） than before because sneakers became more popular with customers. Many Tangchang cloth shoe factories shut down. The last one, where Lai worked, shut down in 1998. 9 （make） a living and help the cultural heritage survive, Lai and her co-workers continued to make cloth shoes and sold them in her store. Then, Sichuan embroidery（蜀绣） 10 （add） to the shoes by Lai’s son, Ai Peng. Tangchang cloth shoes may appear simple, but behind them lies the passion of Lai’s family. 2.[2024福建]阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Xi’an is the capital city of Shaanxi province. It lies in 1 north of China. The city’s early history is often connected with Liu Bang, who started the Han Dynasty and made Xi’an his capital. He 2 （give） it the name Chang’an. During the Tang Dynasty, Xi’an achieved its great importance. Korea and Japan followed Xi’an’s example in 3 （build） their ancient capitals. Many things from ancient times can still be found in Xi’an today. The city wall—one of the few city walls still left in China—is a good example. It 4 （go） around the city and is an important cultural site（遗址）. In central Xi’an there is the Bell Tower—the 5 （large） bell tower remaining in China. The bell was first designed as an emergency alarm（警钟） to warn of danger, 6 it was very often used to tell people the time. While Xi’an is a city 7 a long history, it is also very much a part of the modern world. It is best 8 （know） as a center for software（软件） research, development and services. Historically, Xi’an has always been a city of art, industry and business that have placed it far in front of many other 9 （city）. Xi’an is a city always remaking 10 （it） and looking forward, all the while keeping the best of the past. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题01.冠词、名词、数词、介词精讲 冠词 一．冠词易错点 （1） a/an 的区分： 注意以“U”开头的单词。如果发字母 u 本身的音/ju：/，前面加a. 如.a useful book, a university, . a usual chair； 如果发以外的音， 前面加 an：如an unusual chair, an unimportant, an umbrella, 常考还有 an honest boy . a European country （2） 球类,棋类运动和三餐饭前不加 the play football ，play chess. have breakfast.西洋乐器前加 the play the violin，play the piano （3）高难度题 a“u” ；an“h” ；an “s” ；an “x” 二．冠词常考点 考点一　不定冠词a/an (一)不定冠词a/an的用法 1 指一类人或事，相当于a kind of A plane is a machine that can fly. 2 第一次提及某人某物，非特指 A boy is waiting for you. 3 表示“每一”相当于every，one We study eight hours a day. 4 表示“相同”相当于the same We are nearly of an age. 5 用于人名前，表示不认识此人或与某名人有类似性质的人或事 A Mr. Smith came to visit you when you were out That boy is rather a Lei Feng. 6 用于固定词组中 A couple of, a bit, once upon a time, in a hurry, have a walk, many a time 7 用于quite, rather, many, half, what, such之后 This room is rather a big one. 8 用于so(as, too, how)+形容词之后 She is as clever a girl as you can wish to meet. (二)不定冠词a和an的区别 a用于以辅音音素开头的单词前 a tiger，a European country，a university an用于以元音音素开头的单词前 an apple，an hour，an honest boy 注意　判断一个单词前用 a 还是 an，是根据其读音，而不是根据其首字母。如下所示： u开头的单词 发/ju：/时用a a university，a useful book 发/ʌ/时用an an umbrella，an unusual story，an unhappy boy 其他特殊：a European country；an hour；an honest 考点二　定冠词 (一)定冠词the的用法 1 表示某一类人或物 The horse is a useful animal. 2 用于世上独一无二的事物名词前 the universe, the moon, the Pacific Ocean 3 表示说话双方都了解的或上文提到过的人或事 Would you mind opening the door? 4 用于乐器前面 play the violin, play the guitar 5 用于形容词和分词前表示一类人 the reach, the living, the wounded 6 表示“一家人”或“夫妇” the Greens, the Wangs 7 用于序数词和形容词副词比较级最高级前 He is the taller of the two children. 8 用于国家党派等以及江河湖海，山川群岛的名词前 the United States, the Communist Party of China, the French 9 用于表示发明物的单数名词前 The compass was invented in China. 10 在逢十的复数数词之前，指世纪的某个年代 in the 1990’s 11 用于表示单位的名词前 I hired the car by the hour. 12 用于方位名词，身体部位名词，及表示时间的词组前 He patted me on the shoulder. (二)定冠词the的固定搭配 　　 考点三　零冠词 1 专有名词，物质名词，抽象名词，人名地名等名词前 Beijing University, Jack, China, love, air 2 名词前有this, my, whose, some, no, each, every等限制 I want this book, not that one. / Whose purse is this? 3 季节，月份，星期，节假日，一日三餐前 March, Sunday, National Day, spring 4 表示职位，身份，头衔的名词前 Lincoln was made President of America. 5 学科，语言，球类，棋类名词前 He likes playing football/chess. 6 与by连用表示交通工具的名词前 by train, by air, by land 7 以and连接的两个相对的名词并用时 husband and wife, knife and fork, day and night 8 表示泛指的复数名词前 Horses are useful animals. 1．（2025·甘肃陇南·模拟预测）My parents want to meet (a) old friend of theirs at the party. 【答案】an 【详解】句意：我父母想在聚会上见见他们的一位老朋友。old“老的，旧的”发音为/əʊld/，以元音音素开头，前面的不定冠词用an。故填an。 2．（2025·江苏扬州·一模）If we sit by ________ window of the train, we can have ________ better view. A．/; the B．/; a C．the; a D．the; the 【答案】C 【详解】句意：如果我们坐在火车的窗边，我们可以有一个更好的视野。 考查冠词。the表特指；a一，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前。第一空特指火车上的窗户，用the；第二空泛指更好的视野，better以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。故选C。 3．（2024·江苏扬州·模拟预测）John is ________ IT engineer, and he usually develops a new type of software every ________ few months. A．the; a B．an; a C．a;/ D．an; / 【答案】D 【详解】句意：约翰是一名IT工程师，他通常每隔几个月就开发一种新的软件。 考查冠词辨析。the表特指；an一个，表泛指，用于元音音素前；a一个，表泛指，用于辅音音素前；/零冠词。根据“John is...IT engineer”可知，第一空表泛指，且IT以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词an；every每一个，后面不跟冠词。故选D。 4．（2025·江苏镇江·一模）The 9th Asian Winter Games were held on Feb 7, 2025 in Harbin. It is ________ second time that Harbin has won the right to host this event. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 【答案】C 【详解】句意：第九届亚洲冬季运动会于2025年2月7日在哈尔滨举行。这是哈尔滨第二次获得这项赛事的主办权。 考查冠词的用法。second是序数词，前面需要用定冠词the，the second time“第二次”。故选C。 5．（2025·江苏南通·模拟预测）I left ________‘s’ when I wrote the word ‘press’, so I didn’t get full mark. A．a B．the C．an D．/ 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我写“press”这个单词时漏写了一个“s”，所以我没有得到满分。 考查冠词辨析。a一个，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；the这，特指； an一个，用于元音音素前；/不填。由于字母“s”的发音是/es/，以元音音素/e/开头，因此应使用冠词“an”。故选C。 6．（2025·江苏南通·模拟预测）Eddie said he saw ________ UFO in ________ sky last night. A．a; a B．the; the C．an; the D．a; the 【答案】D 【详解】句意：Eddie说他昨天晚上在天空看到一个UFO。 考查冠词用法。第一空表示泛指的“一个”，且UFO以辅音音素开头，其前应用不定冠词a；in the sky“在天空中”，固定短语。故选D。 7．（2025·江苏连云港·模拟预测）India is _______ Asian country with a large number of people. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 【答案】B 【详解】句意：印度是一个拥有大量人口的亚洲国家。 考查冠词辨析。a一个，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an一个，用于元音音素开头的单词前；the定冠词，表示特指；/零冠词。句子中“Asian”以元音音素开头，因此应使用不定冠词“an”表示泛指。故选B。 8．（2025·江苏盐城·一模）—Tom took ________ one-hour ride just now. What a short time he spent finishing such a long way! —We all know he is ________ experienced rider. A．an; the B．a; an C．a; the D．an; a 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——汤姆刚才骑了一小时的车。他花了这么短的时间就完成了这么长的路程！——我们都知道他是一位经验丰富的骑手。 考查冠词的用法。第一空：one-hour以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a，表示“一小时”。 第二空：experienced 以元音音素开头，故用不定冠词an，表示“一位经验丰富的骑手”。故选B。 9．（2025·江苏盐城·一模）—Has Tim got ________ first place in the race? —No, he hasn’t! But he will have ________ second try. A．a; the B．the; the C．a; a D．the; a 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——蒂姆在比赛中获得第一名了吗？——不，他没有！但他将有再一次尝试的机会。 考查冠词。a，一个，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前；an一个，用于以元音音素开头的单词前；the这个、那个，用于特指的人或事物、双方都知道的、上文已经提到过的、世界上独一无二的事物以及序数词和形容词最高级前。第一空使用“the”，用于序数词“first”之前表示特指；第二空“have a+序数词+try”表示“再一次尝试”，这里的“a”表示泛指“又一、再一”。故选D。 10．（2025·江苏扬州·一模）DeepSeek, ________ AI language model, has become ________ popular tool for people to get information and solve problems. A．an; a B．a; an C．the; a D．an; the 【答案】A 【详解】句意：DeepSeek，一个AI语言模型，已经成为人们获取信息和解决问题的一种流行工具。 考查冠词用法。an一个，表泛指，用于元音音素开头的单词前；a一个，表泛指，用于辅音音素开头单词前；the表特指。空一处泛指一个AI语言模型，且AI是元音音素开头，用an修饰；空二处是泛指一种流行工具，且popular是辅音音素开头，用a修饰。故选A。 名词 一．名词易错点 （1） 单复数特殊变化： 男man-men、女woman-women、脚 foot-feet、牙tooth-teeth、鹅 goose-geese、孩子child-children、 people（可数名词）,sheep, deer（鹿）fish 单复数同形。 中日不变，英法变，其余后面加s Americans，Germans （2） 名词的复数重心转移： This is an old pair of shoes. I want a new pair . （3） 带性别的复合词组： 有woman 和man两个表示性别的词做定语修饰后面的名词时变复数，两者同时变复数。Two women（变）doctors（变），two men teachers 二．名词常考点 考点一 可数名词的复数形式 1. 规则变化 规则 例词 1 一般情况在词尾加-s map-maps, sea-seas, girl-girls, day-days 2 以s, x, ch, sh结尾的名词后加-es class-classes, box-boxes, watch-watches, dish-dishes 3 以-f或-fe结尾的词 变-f和-fe为v再加-es leaf-leaves, thief-thieves, knife-knives, wife-wives, half-halves 加-s chief-chiefs, proof-proofs, roof-roofs 4 以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，变y为i加-es party-parties, family-families, story-stories, city-cities 5 以元音字母加y结尾的名词，或专有名词以y结尾的，加-s toy-toys, boy-boys, day-days, ray-rays, Henry-Henrys 6 以辅音字母加-o结尾的名词 一般加-es Negro-Negroes, hero-heroes, potato-potatoes, tomato-tomatoes 不少外来词加-s piano-pianos, photo-photos, auto-autos, kilo-kilos, solo-solos 两者皆可 zero-zeros/zeroes, volcano-volcanoes/ volcanos 7 以元音字母加-o结尾的名词加-s radio-radios, bamboo-bamboos, zoo-zoos 8 以-th结尾的名词加-s truth-truths, mouth-mouths, month-months, path-paths, 2. 不规则变化 规则 例词 1 改变名词中的元音字母或其他形式 man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, goose-geese, mouse-mice 2 单复数相同 sheep, deer, means, works, fish, yuan, jin, 3 只有复数形式 trousers, clothes, thanks, goods, glasses, 4 一些集体名词总是用作复数 people, police 5 部分集体名词既可以作单数（整体）也可以作复数（成员） class, family, crowd, couple, group, government, population, team, public, party 6 复数形式表示特别含义 customs(海关), times(时代), spirits(情绪), drinks(饮料), sands(沙滩), papers(文件报纸), looks(外表), brains(头脑智力), greens(青菜) 7 表示“某国人” 加-s Americans, Australians, Germans, Greeks, Swedes, Europeans 单复数同形 Swiss, Portuguese, Chinese, Japanese 以-man或-woman结尾的改为-men,-women Englishmen, Frenchwomen 8 合成名词 将主体名词变为复数 sons-in-law, lookers-on, passers-by, story-tellers, boy friends 无主体名词时将最后一部分变为复数 grown-ups, housewives, stopwatches 将两部分变为复数 women singers, men servants 考点二 不可数名词 1. 不可数名词没有复数形式,前面不能用不定冠词 a/ an 修饰,但可用 much, a lot of / lots of, plenty of, some, little, a little 等修饰。 作主语时谓语动词用单数形式。 There is some tea in the cup. 茶杯里有些茶。 2. 不可数名词还常用“数词/ 不定冠词+量词+of+不可数名词”来表示不可数名词的量。 a piece of paper 一张纸, two cups of tea 两杯茶,a glass of water 一玻璃杯水,three bottles of pop 三瓶汽水。 作主语时,谓语动词的数取决于 of 前面的量词的数。 There are three glasses of orange juice on the table. 桌子上有三杯橙汁。 常见的不可数名词： 类别 例词 饮食 milk；water；juice；tea；coffee；beer；soup；oil；beef；pork；rice；wheat；corn；bread；salt；cheese；butter 材料 gold；glass；silk；cotton；wool 自然 earth；light；sunshine；rain；snow；ice；grass；weather 抽象名词 advice；time；money；news；energy；work；knowledge；information；music；patience；help；fun 考点三 名词所有格 1. ’s所有格的构成： 单数名词在末尾加’s the boy’s father, Jack’s book, her son-in-law’s photo, 复数名词 一般在末尾加’ the teachers’ room, the twins’ mother, 不规则复数名词后加’s the children’s toys, women’s rights, 以s结尾的人名所有格加’s或者’ Dickens’ novels, Charles’s job, the Smiths’ house 表示各自的所有关系时,各名词末尾均须加’s Japan’s and America’s problems, Jane’s and Mary’s bikes 表示共有的所有关系时在最后一词末加’s Japan and America’s problems, Jane and Mary’s father 表示＂某人家＂＂店铺＂，所有格后名词省略 the doctor’s, the barber’s, the tailor’s, my uncle’s 2. ’s所有格的用法： １ 表示时间 today’s newspaper, five weeks’ holiday 2 表示自然现象 the earth’s atmosphere, the tree’s branches 3 表示国家城市等地方的名词 the country’s plan, the world’s population, China’s industry 4 表示工作群体 the ship’s crew, majority’s view, the team’s victory 5 表示度量衡及价值 a mile’s journey, five dollars’ worth of apples 6 与人类活动有特殊关系的名词 the life’s time, the play’s plot 7 某些固定词组 a bird’s eye view, a stone’s throw, at one’s wit’s end(不知所措) of所有格的用法： 用于无生命的东西：the legs of the chair, the cover of the book 用于有生命的东西，尤其是有较长定语时：the classrooms of the first-year students 用于名词化的词：the struggle of the oppressed 1．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）As a Hollywood’s great (act), Audrey Hepburn is highly praised. 【答案】actress 【详解】句意：作为好莱坞的伟大演员，奥黛丽·赫本受到高度赞扬。根据“As a Hollywood’s great...”和“Audrey Hepburn”可知，此处应用单数名词actress“女演员”，故填actress。 2．（2025·江苏扬州·一模）It is surprising for us to know that are afraid of humans. (wolf) 【答案】wolves 【详解】句意：知道狼害怕人类这令我们很惊讶。根据“are”可知，此处应用复数名词wolves作主语。故填wolves。 3．（2025·江苏扬州·一模）Ne Zha 2 is a big success and the (proud) of China’s film industry. 【答案】pride 【详解】句意：《哪吒2》大获成功，是中国电影的骄傲。proud“自豪的”，形容词；根据“the … of China’s film industry”可知，此处应填其名词形式pride“自豪，骄傲”。故填pride。 4．（2025·江苏扬州·一模）Do you know how long the plane has been in (serve)? 【答案】service 【详解】句意：你知道这架飞机已经投入使用多久了吗？介词in后面接名词，serve的名词是service，in service表示“服务中，使用中”，符合语境。故填service。 5．（2025·江苏南京·模拟预测）Finishing the marathon gave me a strong sense of (achieve). 【答案】achievement 【详解】句意：完成马拉松给我一种强烈的成就感。根据“a strong sense of...”可知，空处指“一种强烈的成就感”，空处需名词。achieve“完成”为动词，其名词为achievement“成就”。故填achievement。 6．（2025·江苏南京·模拟预测）Those (invent) creative ideas have made a big difference to our lives. 【答案】inventors’ 【详解】句意：那些发明家们的创意想法对我们的生活产生了重大影响。根据所给单词和句意可知，这里指的是发明家们的想法，需用名词所有格；inventor“发明家”，再根据“those”可知，应使用复数形式inventors，inventors’发明家们的。故填inventors’。 7．（2025·江苏无锡·模拟预测）It is said that more and more gyms in Wuxi provide people with 24-hour (serve). 【答案】service 【详解】句意：据说无锡越来越多的健身房为人们提供24小时服务。根据“It is said that more and more gyms in Wuxi provide people with 24-hour...”可知，此处是一个名词，在句中作宾语。句中“provide sb. with sth.”是固定搭配，意为“为某人提供某物”，“serve”是动词，其名词形式为“service”，表示“服务”，是不可数名词。故填service。 8．（2025·江苏南京·模拟预测）As an important part of the Spring Festival, this year's Gala celebrated not only China's rich traditions but also modern (achieve). 【答案】achievements 【详解】句意：作为春节的重要组成部分，今年的春晚不仅庆祝了中国丰富的传统，也庆祝了现代的成就。  根据“modern”（现代的）是形容词，后面需要修饰名词，以及英文提示“achieve”（动词，实现；取得）可知，此处应用其名词形式“achievement”，且“achievement”表示“成就”时是可数名词，结合语境，此处应用复数形式“achievements”。  故填achievements。 9．（2025·江苏南京·模拟预测）Details decide (succeed) or failure. If we take everything seriously, we’ll achieve our goals. 【答案】success 【详解】句意：细节决定成败。如果我们认真对待每件事，我们就会实现我们的目标。根据“or failure”可知，此处应填名词。succeed的名词为success。故填success。 10．（2025·江苏南京·模拟预测）The old man needs medical (treat) right now. Let’s call 120 for him. 【答案】treatment 【详解】句意：这位老人现在需要治疗。我们给他打120。根据“The old man needs medical… right now. Let’s call 120 for him.”可知，这里形容词后面跟名词形式。treat的名词为treatment。 故填treatment. 11．（2025·江苏南京·模拟预测）To tell you the (true), milk tea is not that healthy. 【答案】truth 【详解】句意：说实话, 奶茶并不健康. 根据“To tell you the ... (true), milk tea is not that healthy.”可知，“the”后面跟名词形式，true的名词形式为truth“真相”。故填truth。 12．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）We are very proud of the great (achieve) that we have made in the space industry in the past years. 【答案】achievements 【详解】句意：我们对过去几年在航天工业中取得的伟大成就感到非常骄傲。achieve获得，此处接在形容词great后，需要名词形式achievement，可数名词，过去几年我们所取得的成就很多，用复数表达。故填achievements。 13．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）Wang Yaping, a famous astronaut, is the (proud) of our nation. 【答案】pride 【详解】句意：著名宇航员王亚平是我们国家的骄傲。因为空格前有定冠词the，且句子结构为the … of our nation，表示“我们国家的……”，此处需要填一个名词。proud是形容词，意为“自豪的”，其名词形式是pride，意为“骄傲”，是不可数名词。故填pride。 14．（2025·江苏扬州·一模）The two sides are unable to reach an (agree). They need a further discussion about the war. 【答案】agreement 【详解】句意：双方不能达成协定。他们需要就这场战争进行进一步的讨论。根据“an”可知，设空处需填可数名词单数形式；agree的名词形式为agreement，意为“协定”。故填agreement。 15．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）His (decide) to study abroad surprised everyone. 【答案】decision 【详解】句意：他决定出国留学的决定让所有人都感到惊讶。decide“决定”，结合“His”可知，该空要填对应的名词decision，作主语。故填decision。 数词 一．数词易错点 1.three sixths= 3/6 2.three and three is six 3+3=6 3.I want a few more.还要一点 once more. 再来一遍 two books more 再来两本书 4.a quarter =1/4 three quarters / three fourths = 3/4 5.200 个 two hundred 几百个：hundreds of 二．数词常考点 考点一 基数词的构成 1. 1-12的基数词是独立的词：one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve。 2. 13-19的基数词以-teen结尾：thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen。 3. 20-90的整十位数的基数词以-ty结尾：twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty, seventy, eighty, ninety。 4. 十位数与个位数之间要加连字符“-” ： twenty-one, thirty-two, forty-three, sixty-five 5. 百位和十位或百位和个位之间加and ： 365 — three hundred and sixty-five; 101— one hundred and one 6. 四位数以上的基数词：借用科学记数法，从后往前数，每三位数加“,”，第一个逗号为千（thousand）；第二个逗号为百万（million），第三个逗号为十亿（billion）。如： 2, 009 two thousand and nine 54, 321 fifty-four thousand, three hundred and twenty-one 7, 654,321 seven million, six hundred and fifty-four thousand, three hundred and twenty-one 7.hundred, thousand, million, billion的特殊用法 用法 举例 说明 前面有基数词，用来修饰后面的名词表示精确数量时，本身不用复数形式，名词才用复数形式。 800 (eight hundred students ) 3, 000 ( three thousand trees) ／ 否则，在表示含糊数量时要用复数形式，并要与of连用。 hundreds of 成百上千 thousands of 成千上万 millions of 数百万计 billions of 数十亿的 hundreds of, thousands of, millions of前面可被many, several, a few修饰，如：many／several thousands of 成千上万的 考点二：基数词的用法 (1) 基数词在句中可用作主语、宾语、表语和定语。 Twenty of them are Young Pioneers. 他们当中有二十个是少先队员。 (2) 用于名词之后表示顺序编号。 Please open your books and turn to Page 28. 请打开书翻到第 28 页。 (3) 基数词可表示年份、时间(钟点)、电话号码、年龄等。 I was born on July 12, 1989. 我出生在 1989 年 7 月 12 日。 时刻表示法： 情况 顺读法 示例 整点 基数词（+o’clock） 9:00 nine(o’clock) 几点零几分 钟点数 + 分钟数 9:40 nine forty 情况 逆读法 示例 “几点过几分” 30分钟内（包括半小时） 用介词past 9:10 ten(minutes) past nine 9:30 half past nine 9:15 a quarter past nine “几点差几分” 30分钟以外 用介词to 9:50 ten(minutes) to ten 9:45 a quarter to ten (4) 表示“世纪年代”,用“in + the +基数词复数”。 in the 1990s 在 20 世纪 90 年代 (5) in one's+整十的基数词复数表示“在某人……多岁时”。 The old woman is in her nineties. 这位老太太九十多岁了。 (6) “数词+连字符+单数名词”或“数词+连字符+单数名词+连字符+形容词”构成复合形容词作定语。 We have a seven-day holiday in October. 在 10 月我们有一个 7 天的假期。 She is an eight-year-old Chinese girl. 她是一个 8 岁的中国女孩。 (7)倍数表示法：一倍once；两倍twice；三倍或三倍以上：基数词+times 用法 举例 表示“是……几倍”： 倍数＋as＋形容词／副词原级＋as The room is three times as big as that one. “比……大几倍”： 倍数＋形容词／副词比较级＋than The room is three times bigger than that one. 考点三 ：序数词的构成及用法 1.基数词变序数词 口诀巧记：“一、二、三，特殊记(first/second/third)；八去t(eighth)，九去e(ninth)；ve要用f替(fifth/twelfth)；ty变为tie，再加th别忘记(twentieth)；若是遇到几十几 ，只变个位就可以。” 数字 基数词 序数词 缩略式 数字 基数词 序数词 缩略式 1 one first 1st 15 fifteen fifteenth 15th 2 two second 2nd 16 sixteen sixteenth 16th 3 three third 3rd 17 seventeen seventeenth 17th 4 four fourth 4th 18 eighteen eighteenth 18th 5 five fifth 5th 19 nineteen nineteenth 19th 6 six sixth 6th 20 twenty twentieth 20th 7 seven seventh 7th 30 thirty thirtieth 30th 8 eight eighth 8th 40 forty fortieth 40th 9 nine ninth 9th 50 fifty fiftieth 50th 10 ten tenth 10th 60 sixty sixtieth 60th 11 eleven eleventh 11th 70 seventy seventieth 70th 12 twelve twelfth 12th 80 eighty eightieth 80th 13 thirteen thirteenth 13th 90 ninety ninetieth 90th 14 fourteen fourteenth 14th 100 a hundred hundredth 100th 2.序数词的用法 用法 举例 (1) 日期用序数词来表示 May 1st 五月一日；September 10th 九月十日 (2) 一般要与定冠词或物主代词连用 Tom is the first child of the family． Tom is his first child． (2) 与a/ an连用时，表示数量上“又一” “再一” Though he failed twice, he would like to have a third time. (3) 表示分数时，分子用基数词，分母用序数词，当分子大于1时，分母要用复数 1／4 写作 one fourth 或 one quarter 1／2 写作 one second 或 a half 2／3 写作 two thirds 3／4 写作 three fourths 或 three quarters (4) 分数作主语时，谓语动词要根据分数后的名词来确定，如果是不可数名词就要用单数，是可数名词则用复数 One third of the students have been to the Great Wall. Four fifths of the water is drunk by the children. 1．（2025·江苏南通·模拟预测）We’ll have a ________ holiday. My parents will leave me ________ and I will feel ________. A．seven-days, alone, lonely B．seven-day, alone, lonely C．seven-day, lonely, alone D．seven-days, lonely, alone 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们将有一个为期7天的假期。我的父母会把我一个人留下，我会感到孤独。 考查基数词的用法、动词短语和形容词作表语。seven-days, alone, lonely七天，独自一人，孤独的；seven-day, alone, lonely七天的，独自一人，孤独的；seven-day, lonely, alone七天的，孤独的，独自一人；seven-days, lonely, alone七天，孤独的，独自一人。第一个空表示一个“七天的”假期，为定语，基数词与名词构成复合形容词时，词与词之间用连字符，且其中的名词用单数形式，应为“seven-day”；第二个空为动词短语“leave sb alone”，意为“把某人独自留下”；第三个空前有感官动词feel，后加形容词，作表语，lonely意为“孤独的，寂寞的”，带有感情色彩，此处指我感觉孤独，符合语境，故选B。 2．（2025·江苏镇江·一模）—I learned that Huang Xuhua still worked hard on national defense research ________. —That’s true. His spirit that never gives up encourages me a lot. A．in the nineties B．in his nineties C．at the nineties D．at his nineties 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我了解到，黄旭华在九十多岁的时候仍然努力从事国防研究。——这是真的。他永不放弃的精神给了我很大的鼓励。 考查年龄表达法。in the nineties通常指“在90年代”；in his nineties表示“在他九十多岁的时候”。根据选项可知，此处表示的是“在某人九十多岁的时候”，正确结构为“in one’s+逢十的基数词的复数”，黄旭华是男性，形容词性物主代词用his。故选B。 3．（2024·江苏南通·模拟预测）—It’s said that the two ________doctors have just come back from Shanghai. —Yeah. I know them. They are both already in their ________. A．woman; forty B．women; fortieth C．women; forties D．woman; forties 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——据说这两位女医生刚从上海回来。——是啊。我认识她们。她们俩都已经四十多岁了。 考查名词复数和年龄段表达。以man、woman修饰的职业名称变复数时，man、woman也要变成复数，第一空后名词doctors为复数，所以此处应用women； in one’s +整十的复数，表示“在某人几十岁时”。故选C。 4．（2024·江苏宿迁·三模）Nowadays, a number of people like HUAWEI phones better, and about ________ of them are adults. A．four fifths B．four fifth C．fourth fifth D．fourth fifths 【答案】A 【详解】句意：如今，许多人更喜欢华为手机，其中大约五分之四是成年人。 考查分数的表达。根据“about…of them are adults”可知，此处应用分数来表达，分母用序数词，分子用基数词，当分子大于1时，分母需用复数；此处应填four fifths“五分之四”。故选A。 5．（2024·江苏宿迁·三模）Marx found it necessary to learn Russian when he was already _________. A．in fifties B．in the fifties C．in fiftieth D．in his fifties 【答案】D 【详解】句意：马克思在五十多岁时发现有必要学习俄语。 考查年龄的表达。in one’s+逢十数字的复数形式表示 “在某人几十多岁时”。故选D。 6．（2024·江苏宿迁·一模）—As one of the most popular tourist cities, Luoyang attracts _________ tourists every day. —Ah ha! Especially in blind date programs where Wang Po is a matchmaker. A．million B．millions of C．five million of D．five millions 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——作为最受欢迎的旅游城市之一，洛阳每天吸引数百万游客。——啊哈！尤其是在相亲节目中，王婆是个媒人。 考查million的用法。当million前有具体数字时，不加s不加of，当million前无具体数字时，用millions of表示概数。此处空前无具体数字，用millions of。故选B。 7．（2025·江苏扬州·一模）His mother joined in the International Half Marathon in Zaolinwan in her . (forty) 【答案】forties 【详解】句意：他的母亲在四十多岁时参加了在枣林湾举行的国际半程马拉松比赛。forty“四十”，基数词，又结合语境及“in her…”可知，此处应指“在她四十多岁时”，应用其复数形式与之构成介词短语，“in one’s+整十的基数词的复数形式 ”表示“在某人几十岁时”。故填forties。 8．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）At an old age, Bob Dylan won the Nobel Prize for Literature in his (seventy). 【答案】seventies 【详解】句意：鲍勃·迪伦在七十多岁的时候获得了诺贝尔文学奖。根据“in his…”以及提示词可知，此处指“在七十多岁的时候”，“in one’s+基数词复数”表示“在某人几十岁时”，空处应用seventies。故填seventies。 9．（2025·上海徐汇·模拟预测）This is the smartwatch she bought. Her first one was lost when she was traveling. (two) 【答案】second 【详解】句意：这是她买的第二只智能手表。她的第一只在旅行时丢失了。根据提示及“This is the...smartwatch she bought. Her first one was lost when she was traveling.”可知，空处表顺序，需序数词，数词two对应的序数词为second“第二”，故填second。 10．（2025·江苏南京·模拟预测）On my grandmother’s (ninety) birthday party, I gave her my best wishes. 【答案】ninetieth 【详解】句意：在我祖母九十岁生日聚会上，我给了她我最美好的祝福。根据“On my grandmother’s…birthday party”可知，此处指第九十个生日，应该用序数词。故填ninetieth。 11．（2025·江苏南京·模拟预测）From February 7 to 14, the (nine) Asian Winter Games took place in Harbin, China. It’s also the second time for Harbin to host such a great event. 【答案】ninth 【详解】句意：2月7日至14日，第九届亚洲冬季运动会在中国哈尔滨举行。这也是哈尔滨第二次举办如此盛大的活动。nine“九”，基数词，此处表示第九届亚洲冬季运动会，用序数词ninth“第九”。故填ninth。 12．（2023·江苏南京·中考真题）Last weekend, (hundred) of students joined in the reading activity at the foot of the ancient Ming City Wall. 【答案】hundreds 【详解】句意：上周末，数百名学生参加了在明古城墙脚下的阅读活动。根据“Last weekend, ...(hundred) of students”可知，此处是hundreds of“数百”，固定用法，故填hundreds。 介词 一．介词易错点 （1） 介词+doing 介词+ 代词宾格形式 Neither of us is late. The book is for you. The knife is used for cutting things. Tom is sitting between him and me.（禁用“I” ） 关联记忆：介意 Mind + doing Would you mind my smoking here？ （2） on in at 的用法： 表时间：on(天优先，只要涉及天的概念就用 on） in(时段） at （时刻） ；on the morning of April 1st. on a rainy night 在一个雨天的夜晚 at the same time （3） 表伴随： with / without ，或 doing She is a girl with long hair. She is a girl wearing a new dress. （4）表方式： by bike，on foot 没有冠词“a”或名词复数 What time is it by your watch. . The boss pays us by week. He beat her with a book.（with 后要带 a 或复数） speak in English Write in ink （5）介词（不加 the）+名词 at table 在桌旁，且在吃饭（两层意思）at the table 在桌旁，具体干什么不清楚 in hospital（生病住院）和in the hospital（在医院）的区别 （6）in+语言/颜色/衣帽等，表示使用某种语言或穿着……。如：in English，in the hat （7）in the tree 表示“在树上 (非树本身所有)”；on the tree 表示“在树上(为树本身所 有)”。如：There are some in the tree. There are many apples on the trees. （8）in the wall 表示“在墙上（凹陷进去）”；on the wall 表示“在墙上（指墙的表面）”。 如：There’re four windows in the wall, and there is a map on the back wall. 二．介词常考点 常用介词区别： 1 表示时间的in, on, at at表示片刻的时间，in表示一段的时间，on总是与日子有关 2 表示时间的since, from since 指从过去到现在的一段时间，和完成时连用，from指从时间的某一点开始 3 表示时间的in, after in指在一段时间之后，after表示某一具体时间点之后或用在过去时的一段时间中 4 表示地理位置的in, on, to in表示在某范围内，on指与什么毗邻，to指在某环境范围之外 5 表示“在…上”的on, in on只表示在某物的表面上，in表示占去某物一部分 6 表示“穿过”的through, across through表示从内部通过，与in有关，across表示在表面上通过，与on有关 7 表示“关于”的about, on about指涉及到，on指专门论述 8 between与among的区别 between表示在两者之间，among用于三者或三者以上的中间 9 besides与except的区别 besides指“除了…还有再加上”，except指“除了，减去什么”，不放在句首 10 表示“用”的in, with with表示具体的工具，in表示材料，方式，方法，度量，单位，语言，声音 11 as与like的区别 as意为“作为，以…地位或身份”，like为“象…一样”，指情形相似 12 in与into区别 in通常表示位置（静态），into表示动向，不表示目的地或位置 三：固定搭配 用at的 at night 在夜间 at a time 一次 at noon 在中午 at the beginning 在…开始时 at the same time 同时 at the age of 在…岁时 at the moment 此刻；现在 at the bottom of 在…底部 at once 立刻；马上 at the end of … 在…结束时，在…末端 at first 首先；起初；当初 at school/ home/ work 上学/在家/ 上班 at last 最后，终于 at the gate 在门口 at least 至少 at table/ the table 吃饭/ 在桌旁 at the bus stop 在公共汽车站 at Tom’s 在汤姆家 at the doctor’s 在医生的诊所 at the foot/ bottom of mountain 在山脚下 用in的 in the middle/centre of 在…中间 in (the) front (of) 在…前面 in class 上课时 in hospital 住院 in the corner of 在（室内的）角落 in place of 代替 in bed 躺着 in turn 轮流 in spite of 尽管 in the world 在世界上 in a hurry 匆忙地 in surprise 惊奇地 in the sun 在阳光下 in the open air 在露天；在户外 in danger 处于危险之中 in peace 安宁地 in time 及时 in the sky 在天空中 in the air 在空中 in the future 在将来 in future 今后 in space 在太空中 in person 亲自 in one’s opinion 某人看来；以某人的观点 in trouble 处于麻烦中 in English / Japanese 用英语/日语 in the end 最后 in red/ a red dress 穿红色衣服 in this way 用这种方法 in a way 在某种程度上 in fact 事实上 in many ways 在许多方面 in loud/ low/ strong 大声/小声/坚定地说 in the field/ park 在田/公园里 用on的 on time 按时；准时 on the earth 在地球上 on one’s/ the way to 在去…的路上 on one’s way back from 在从…回去的路上 be on 上演（电影、表演） on the right/ left 在右边/左边 on one’s own 独自；自己 on the other side of 在…另一边 on the farm 在农场 on holiday 在度假 on TV/the radio/ the telephone/ the Internet 在电视上/收音机里/电话里/网上 on the corner of 在…的拐角处 on the edge of 处于…的边缘 on business 做生意；出差 on foot 步行 1．（2025·江苏盐城·一模）Everyone was touched ________ words after they watched the film Hi, MOM directed by Jia Ling. A．under B．across C．beyond D．through 【答案】C 【详解】句意：每个人在看了由贾玲导演的电影《你好李焕英》后都被感动得说不出话来。 考查介词辨析。under在……下面；across穿过；beyond超越；through通过。根据“Everyone was touched...words”可知这里表示“被感动得无以言表”，beyond words“超出语言表达”符合语境。故选C。 2．（2025·江苏南京·模拟预测）The Dragon Boat Festival of this year falls ________ June 10th. A．on B．at C．in D．to 【答案】A 【详解】句意：今年的端午节是在6月10日。 考查介词辨析。on用在具体的某一天之前；at用在几点几分之前；in用在早上（或下午、晚上）、月份、季节、年之前；to用于“差几分钟到几点”。June 10th意为“6月10日”，是具体的某一天，前面需要用on。故选A。 3．（2025·江苏南通·模拟预测）All of his family went on a trip to Wuxi, ________ his uncle. A．includes B．including C．include D．included 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他的所有家人都去无锡旅行了，包括他的叔叔。 考查介词的用法。根据“All of his family”和空格后的“his uncle”可知此处应用介词including表示包括他的叔叔在内的所有家人都去旅行了。故选B。 4．（2025·江苏扬州·一模）—Excuse me, how can I get to the bookstore? —Go ________ Center Street and turn right ________ the second street. A．along; to B．down; in C．along; on D．up; at 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——打扰一下，我怎样才能到达书店？——沿着文华街向上走，然后在第二条街右转。 考查介词辨析。along沿着；to到；down向下，in通常用于表示在某个范围内，不适用于表示在某个街道上或某个路口；on在……上；up向上；at在这里表示在某个具体的地点或位置。根据句子的意思，我们需要找到表示沿着街道走的短语和表示在某个地点右转的短语。在英文中，go up通常用于表示向上走或沿着街道走，而turn right at用于表示在某个具体地点（如街道口）右转。故选D。 5．（2025·江苏常州·一模）China successfully sent off the Chang’e-6 spacecraft ________ the afternoon of May 3, 2024. A．at B．in C．on D．by 【答案】C 【详解】句意：2024年5月3日下午，中国成功发射了嫦娥六号探测器。 考查介词辨析。at用于具体时刻；in用于年、月、季节等；on用于具体某一天前；by表示“到……为止”。“the afternoon of May 3, 2024”是具体日期的下午，具体到某一天的下午，用介词on。故选C。 6．（2024·江苏镇江·二模）There is a piano ________ the wall in my study. I usually practise playing it in my free time. A．above B．against C．around D．among 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我书房的墙边有一架钢琴。我经常在空闲时间练习弹奏它。 考查介词辨析。above在……上；against靠着；around在……周围；among在……当中。根据“the wall in my study”可知，钢琴靠着墙。故选B。 7．（2025·江苏常州·一模）We had a great time ________ the summer vacation. A．in B．on C．at D．during 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我们在暑假期间过得很愉快。 考查介词辨析。in在，用于年、月、季节等；on在，用于具体日期等；at在，用于具体时间点；during在……期间。根据“We had a great time...the summer vacation.”可知，句中表述我们“暑假期间”玩得很开心。“在……期间”应该使用介词“during”表达，表示暑假这个特定时间段。故选D。 8．（2024·江苏宿迁·一模）The opening ceremony of the 19th Asian Games was held ______ September 23rd 2023. A．in B．on C．to D．at 【答案】B 【详解】句意：第19届亚运会开幕式于2023年9月23日举行。 考查介词辨析。in后常接时间段，如年份、月份、四季等；on后接具体某天；to朝着；at后常接时间点。根据“September 23rd 2023”可知，此处表示具体某天，故应用on。故选B。 9．（2024·江苏南京·三模）My father goes back to Nanjing for the Spring Festival every year ______ last year because he was busy with his work in Changzhou. A．including B．since C．before D．except 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我父亲每年春节都回南京过年，除了去年，因为他在常州工作很忙。 考查介词辨析。including包括；since自……以后；before在……之前；except除……外。根据“My father goes back to Nanjing for the Spring Festival every year … last year because he was busy with his work in Changzhou”可知，每年春节都回南京过年，除了去年，不包含去年。故选D。 10．（2024·江苏泰州·三模）The 2024 Dragon Boat Festival (Duan Wu Jie) falls ______ June 10. Chinese people can enjoy three days _______ work from June 8 to 10. A．on, off B．in, away C．on, away D．in, off 【答案】A 【详解】句意：2024年端午节在6月10日。中国人可以享受从6月8日到6月10日三天的假期。 考查时间介词及介词短语。on在具体某一天；off离开（某处）；in在……里面；away不在。“June 10”是具体的日期，因此前面需用介词on，three days off work表示 “休三天假”。故选A。 11．（2024·江苏淮安·二模）My sister goes back to Huai’an for the Middle Autumn Festival every year ________ last year because she was busy with her work in Nanjing. A．including B．since C．except D．till 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我姐姐每年中秋节都会回淮安，除了去年，因为她在南京工作很忙。 考查介词辨析。including包括；since自从；except除了；till直到。根据“My sister goes back to Huai’an for the Middle Autumn Festival every year...last year because she was busy with her work in Nanjing.”可知，姐姐去年工作很忙，所以去年没有回淮安，由此可知她每年都回淮安，除了去年。故选C。 综合训练 1.[2024长沙模拟]阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Most people nowadays wear sneakers（跑鞋）, sandals（凉鞋） or boots. But in ancient China, many people made 1 （they） own cloth shoes. Tangchang, 2 town in Sichuan province with over 700 years of shoemaking history, is known 3 its cloth shoes. Tangchang cloth shoes are easy to walk in, and they don’t get wet 4 （easy）. Tangchang cloth shoes 5 （be） popular in China from the Ming Dynasty to the late Qing Dynasty. In 2018, Tangchang cloth shoes were added to Sichuan’s intangible cultural heritage（非物质文化遗产） list. Cloth shoes always look nice, 6 making cloth shoes is not easy. Growing up in Tangchang, Lai Shufang, 66, is a master of making cloth shoes and has been making them for over forty 7 （year）. The job is much 8 （difficult） than before because sneakers became more popular with customers. Many Tangchang cloth shoe factories shut down. The last one, where Lai worked, shut down in 1998. 9 （make） a living and help the cultural heritage survive, Lai and her co-workers continued to make cloth shoes and sold them in her store. Then, Sichuan embroidery（蜀绣） 10 （add） to the shoes by Lai’s son, Ai Peng. Tangchang cloth shoes may appear simple, but behind them lies the passion of Lai’s family. 本文是一篇记叙文。在四川唐昌——一个有着700年制鞋历史的镇上，布鞋制作大师赖淑芳和她的同事们传承非物质文化遗产，继续制作着布鞋。 [答案]1．their2．a3．for4．easily5．were6．but7．years8．more difficult9．To make10．was added [解析] 1．考查代词。根据空后的own cloth shoes可知，设空处应填形容词性物主代词。故填their。 2．考查冠词。这里泛指一个四川省的镇，且town是以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。 3．考查介词。be known for 因……而出名，固定搭配。故填for。 4．考查副词。修饰动词get 需用副词。故填easily。 5．考查时态。根据from the Ming Dynasty to the late Qing Dynasty可知，此句用一般过去时；主语Tangchang cloth shoes为复数，故填were。 6．考查连词。设空处前的Cloth shoes always look nice和设空处后的making cloth shoes is not easy为转折关系，故填but。 7．考查名词复数。根据forty可知，此处需用复数形式，故填years。 8．考查形容词比较级。根据设空处前的much和后面的than可知，此处需用形容词比较级，故填more difficult。 9．考查动词不定式。此处表示为了维持生计和帮助文化遗产的生存，赖淑芳和她的同事们继续制作布鞋并在她的店里出售。此处需用动词不定式表目的。空处位于句首，句首单词首字母需大写，故填To make。 10．考查被动语态。主语Sichuan embroidery与动词add之间存在被动关系，需用被动语态。结合上文可知，此句需用一般过去时；主语为单数，故填was added。 2.[2024福建]阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Xi’an is the capital city of Shaanxi province. It lies in 1 north of China. The city’s early history is often connected with Liu Bang, who started the Han Dynasty and made Xi’an his capital. He 2 （give） it the name Chang’an. During the Tang Dynasty, Xi’an achieved its great importance. Korea and Japan followed Xi’an’s example in 3 （build） their ancient capitals. Many things from ancient times can still be found in Xi’an today. The city wall—one of the few city walls still left in China—is a good example. It 4 （go） around the city and is an important cultural site（遗址）. In central Xi’an there is the Bell Tower—the 5 （large） bell tower remaining in China. The bell was first designed as an emergency alarm（警钟） to warn of danger, 6 it was very often used to tell people the time. While Xi’an is a city 7 a long history, it is also very much a part of the modern world. It is best 8 （know） as a center for software（软件） research, development and services. Historically, Xi’an has always been a city of art, industry and business that have placed it far in front of many other 9 （city）. Xi’an is a city always remaking 10 （it） and looking forward, all the while keeping the best of the past. 这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国陕西省省会西安这座城市。 [答案]1．the2．gave3．building4．goes5．largest6．but7．with8．known9．cities10．itself [解析] 1．考查冠词。in the north of是固定结构，表示“在……的北方”。 故填the。 2．考查动词的时态。句子描述过去发生的事情，应使用一般过去时。 故填gave。 3．考查动词的非谓语形式。介词in后面应用动词的-ing形式作宾语。 故填building。 4．考查动词的时态。此处描述城墙的特点，应用一般现在时，主语是It，动词应用第三人称单数形式。 故填goes。 5．考查形容词的比较等级。根据句意及空前的the可知，此处需使用large的最高级。 故填largest。 6．考查连词。根据句意，设空处前后构成转折关系，应使用连词but。 故填but。 7．考查介词。with a long history表示“有着悠久的历史”。 故填with。 8．考查动词的非谓语形式。固定搭配be known as表示“作为……而知名”。 故填known。 9．考查名词复数。many other修饰的名词应用复数形式。 故填cities。 10．考查代词。此处表示西安是一座一直在重塑自己的城市，应使用反身代词itself。 故填itself。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$