UNIT 10 Connections 培优提能练(一)-【步步高】2024-2025学年高二英语选择性必修第四册教师用书（北师大版2019）

训练7　培优提能练(一)[分值：77.5分] Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，满分20分) A There was a unique restaurant in London that beat out thousands of stylish restaurants to earn the top ranking on the popular TripAdvisor，despite not existing. The tale began with a belief that Oobah Butler had developed after a part-time job writing fake(虚假的) TripAdvisor reviews for restaurants：The site was a “false reality”，despite millions of genuine reviews.He decided to see how far he could take a fake restaurant on the site so “The Shed at Dulwich” was born.Butler created a web page with a menu based on emotions and attractive photographs of dishes.He also listed its location as the street he lived on with no address，calling it an “appointment-only restaurant”，to avoid being attacked by fact—checkers. The Shed was unexpectedly approved by TripAdvisor to be listed in May，starting out as the 18,149th-ranked restaurant in the city：dead last.Butler began having family and friends flood the site with fake reviews.“Spent a weekend in London and heard that this place is a must-visit，” one wrote.“After a few mildly frustrating phone calls I was in.” Soon the customers started calling.“We’re fully booked，” Butler told the would-be diners.However，the restaurant’s reputation started to grow in TripAdvisor’s rankings.Some companies used an estimated location of The Shed on Google to send free samples to Butler，expecting to work with him.In November，Butler received a note from TripAdvisor saying The Shed had become the No.1 ranked restaurant in London! Butler thought it was time to expose the trick.The story has been praised as an incredible feat(事迹)．However，in an era that is increasingly being influenced by all of the disinformation that can be found online，it has also served as another reminder of the ease with which dishonest actors are able to handle online platforms to sometimes unthinkable results. 语篇解读　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，主要讲述的是一个根本不存在的独特的餐厅，经过网上虚假的评论后，成为TripAdvisor网排名第一的餐厅。 1．What does Oobah Butler think of TripAdvisor? A．It creates a false sense of reality. B．It has too many genuine reviews. C．It is a reliable information source. D．It is a useful tool for his part-time job. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“...The site was a ‘false reality’，despite millions of genuine reviews.”可知，Oobah Butler认为TripAdvisor这个网站提供了一种虚假的现实感。故选A项。 2．How was The Shed ranked the No.1 restaurant? A．By sending free samples to customers. B．By flooding the site with fake reviews. C．By offering discounts and special deals. D．By getting a specific location on google. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Butler began having family and friends flood the site with fake reviews.‘Spent a weekend in London and heard that this place is a must-visit，’ one wrote...However，the restaurant’s reputation started to grow in TripAdvisor’s rankings.”可知，Butler让他的家人和朋友开始在网上发布假的评论，进而引发了很多人都信以为真，很快这家餐厅的声誉在猫途鹰的排名中开始上升，由此可知，The Shed飙升至排名第一位是整个网上充斥着虚假评论的结果。故选B项。 3．What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A．Butler earned people’s trust. B．False information can be disastrous. C．Online information is threatening our safety. D．Online platforms are totally unreliable now. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“it has also served as another reminder of the ease with which dishonest actors are able to handle online platforms to sometimes unthinkable results”可知，不诚实的人能够轻松地利用在线平台，有时产生不可想象的结果，由此可推断，虚假信息可能是灾难性的。故选B项。 4．What message does the story convey? A．Well begun is half done. B．Honesty is the best policy. C．No investigation，no right to speak. D．Take things as they come. 答案　C 解析　主旨大意题。结合本文讲述的关于The Shed的案例可知，在一个受网络虚假信息影响的时代，不诚实的人利用在线平台会产生不可想象的结果，由此可知，在这个信息时代，不能在不知事情真相的情况下胡乱写一些虚假的评论，也就是没有调查就没有发言权。故选C项。 B The world is drowning in plastic waste.The huge piles in landfill sites are growing fast.Therefore，it is most urgent to move away from the traditional linear economic model and change to a fully circular economy.To help this transformation，Igus，a Germany-based manufacturer of high-performance plastics，has been developing and investing in the work of recycling plastics for many years.The company is now showing the world a new product，the “igus：bike”，which is the world’s first urban bike produced almost entirely from recycled polymer(聚合物)． Igus CEO Frank Blasé first got the idea while vacationing on a Florida beach.A conversation with employees at a rental company made him aware of the challenges of maintaining beach bicycles.The continuous exposure to sand，wind，and saltwater caused the bikes to rust(生锈) rapidly.Many had to be replaced in as little as three months.The “igus：bike” is zero maintenance and rust-free.It can be left outdoors in all weather and does not require lubricant oil to reduce friction between parts.Since it does not attract sand，dust，or dirt，the bike can be cleaned in seconds. The “igus：bike” will also help relieve the world’s plastic pollution problems.The company says a single adult bike gives new life to about 35 pounds of single-use plastic that would otherwise block our landfills or waterways.For example，the first prototypes were made of material from old fishing nets.Currently,90% of the “igus：bike” is made using plastic.Igus believes future versions will be made entirely from plastic. The plastic bikes are expected to come to market soon.An adult model，made entirely from recycled plastic，will cost about $1,430.A slightly cheaper version made using new plastic is also in the works.Igus also plans on sharing its technology with other bicycle manufacturers.“We want to enable the bicycle industry to produce plastic bikes，” says Blasé. 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章介绍Igus公司为实现可持续性的发展推出了世界上第一辆由再生塑料制成的自行车。 5．Which statement is true about Igus? A．It is devoted to recycling plastic waste. B．It developed popular bikes in Germany. C．It follows the model of a traditional linear economy. D．It appeals to companies to invest in the bicycle industry. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中“To help this transformation，Igus...has been developing and investing in the work of recycling plastics for many years.”可知，Igus公司致力于回收利用塑料。故选A。 6．What highlights the “igus：bike” according to paragraph 2? A．It is safer to ride. B．It will not rust rapidly. C．It is easier to maintain. D．It consumes less energy to produce. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段最后三句可知，igus：bike无需维护，不会生锈；不需要润滑油来减少零件之间的摩擦；不吸收沙、灰尘或污垢，几秒钟就能清洗干净。所以它的亮点是很容易维护。故选C。 7．What does paragraph 3 mainly tell us about the “igus：bike”？ A．Its huge market. B．Its complex design. C．Its multiple versions. D．Its environmental value. 答案　D 解析　段落大意题。根据第三段前两句可知，本段主要讲述了igus：bike在保护环境方面的重要意义。故选D。 8．What is the purpose of the text? A．To introduce a newly invented plastic bicycle. B．To stress the importance of technological innovation. C．To raise people’s awareness of environmental protection. D．To provide some advice on how to produce a new kind of bike. 答案　A 解析　写作意图题。根据第一段最后两句可知，第一段引出igus：bike，后文介绍了igus：bike的优点和对环境的重要意义，以及什么时候上市和价格。由此推知，本文旨在介绍一种新型的环保的再生塑料制成的自行车。故选A。 Ⅱ.七选五(每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) Being a people-pleaser(讨好型人格) is second nature to many people.We tend to calm those around us，often regardless of our own needs.Actually，it is unhealthy to do so. 1 Here are some tips one can follow. Be sure of your own value. You were created differently from every other human.Overcoming people-pleasing starts with clearly knowing the value of your thoughts and actions，and that your presence matters.By pleasing people at the cost of your own desires，you’re forgetting that you are here for a reason. 2 When something goes wrong，it’s quite natural for me to say sorry.It is pretty true of you if you’re a people-pleaser too.However，before words of apology trip from your lips，stop and look at the situation.Apologize sincerely and timely on condition that it’s really your fault.Otherwise just let it go. Keep saying no. 3 Indeed，getting over people-pleasing requires people to understand that you can say no and mean it.Saying no may be hard，but the more you say it，the more you understand how important it is to say. Speak up. People-pleasers like to agree with the masses.We are quiet，listening，waiting to agree on whatever decision is reached.Many times，I simply stayed quiet and agreed，even when I really didn’t like the plans at all.And bitterness surged when I was asked to deal with what I didn’t want. 4 Even sometimes you have to shout so as to be heard. Without any doubt，it’s difficult to go against the nature that you tend to please everyone around you. 5 It’s the same with me.The best part is we get the grace of a new day to try all over again. A．Say sorry actively. B．Apologize properly. C．It seems common to agree to everything. D．Chances are that you’ll fail into old patterns midway. E．What counts much is to change some of your daily habits. F．Saying no is always the first choice for many people to make. G．Learn to use your voice bravely if you’d like to overcome people-pleasing. 1．答案　E 解析　根据空后“Here are some tips one can follow.”及下文各段落小标题可知，下文介绍改变“讨好型人格”的方法，E选项“重要的是改变你的一些日常习惯”表示要改变一些习惯，从而改变“讨好型人格”，引出下文。故选E。 2．答案　B 解析　空处为本段小标题，下文“However，before words of apology trip from your lips，stop and look at the situation.Apologize sincerely and timely on condition that it’s really your fault.Otherwise just let it go.”表明在道歉之前要搞清楚情况，如果真是自己的错误再道歉，B选项“适当道歉”可以概括本段主旨。故选B。 3．答案　C 解析　根据下文“Indeed，getting over people-pleasing requires people to understand that you can say no and mean it.”并结合本段小标题可知，此处表示要勇敢拒绝，C选项“一切都同意似乎很常见”表示同意是常见的，与下文形成对比，同时引出下文的观点，适合作为段首句。故选C。 4．答案　G 解析　上文指出作者很多时候保持沉默甚至接受自己不喜欢的计划，但是内心痛苦，下文“Even sometimes you have to shout so as to be heard.”表明更进一步表明自己的想法，故空处表示应说出自己的想法，G选项“如果你想克服取悦别人的缺点，就要学会勇敢地使用自己发表意见的权利”承上启下，符合主旨。故选G。 5．答案　D 解析　上文表示改变习惯是困难的，下文“It’s the same with me.The best part is we get the grace of a new day to try all over again.”表示作者也是一样的，但是可以不停尝试，D选项“很有可能你会中途陷入旧的模式”符合上文“改变天性是困难的”这一观点，符合语境。故选D。 Ⅲ.完形填空(每小题1分，满分15分) During my junior year of college，I signed up for a volunteer teaching program in Costa Rica.I taught at a school which was located(位于) within a 1 and every day birds and butterflies flew throughout our school.It was beautiful.We were 2 on Costa Rica’s school system，the country，the language and how to plan a lesson. The experience was beneficial to my English writing 3 when I got back to college，I began writing.I wrote so much that a piece of my writing about that experience was 4 in Folio’s Literary Magazine.Because of that，I was more 5 to continue working abroad. After 6 ，I moved to China and worked in schools to teach reading and writing.It was a life-changing 7 of my life.Culture differences 8 me and even consumed me in the beginning，but 9 I fell in love with the people，their schools and their history. Upon 10 to my home，I became a teacher in Trenton，New Jersey.The moment I stepped into the classroom，I could empathize(感同身受) with my 11 .I truly feel volunteering in Costa Rica was where it all 12 and working in China enriched my teaching life.If I could do anything 13 ，it might be volunteering or working abroad more before settling down. The 14 I’ve made through volunteering and working abroad are an English major’s dream and I hope that every English major 15 the chance to study or work abroad. 语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在哥斯达黎加参加的志愿者活动以及旅居在国外的经历成为作者回国后成为老师时宝贵的经验，作者也希望更多英语专业的学生能够抓住在国外学习或工作的机会。 1．A.desert B．sea C．forest D．river 答案　C 解析　根据“every day birds and butterflies flew throughout our school”可知，因为学校附近有蝴蝶和鸟类飞过，由此判断作者的学校应该是在森林里。故选C。 2．A.praised B．educated C．interviewed D．commented 答案　B 解析　根据上文“I signed up for a volunteer teaching program in Costa Rica”可知，作者参加了一项志愿者教学活动，因此应该是在学校里接受相关的教育。故选B。 3．A.because B．unless C．although D．if 答案　A 解析　作者参加的教育培训活动与作者在大学时的写作经验之间存在因果关系，因此需要选择表示因果关系的连词。故选A。 4．A.exchanged B．read C．rejected D．published 答案　D 解析　reject排斥，抵制。根据“Folio’s Literary Magazine”可知，作者写的文章应该是发表在杂志上。故选D。 5．A.depressed B．determined C．frightened D．relaxed 答案　B 解析　depressed消沉的。作者将自己在国外学习和工作的经验写成了文章发表在杂志上是对自己的一种鼓励，因此坚定了自己继续在国外工作的决心。be determined to do sth意为“下定决心做某事”。故选B。 6．A.graduation B．requirement C．operation D．ceremony 答案　A 解析　前文讲述了作者在大学期间参加的志愿者教学活动，后文讲述了作者在中国工作的情况，由此判断是在作者大学毕业后。故选A。 7．A.shelter B．expectation C．move D．conflict 答案　C 解析　conflict冲突，争端。根据下文“I truly feel volunteering in Costa Rica was where it all and working in China enriched my teaching life.”可知，毕业后，作者搬到中国，在学校教阅读和写作，这是一个改变人生的举动。故选C。 8．A.confused B．amused C．comforted D．excited 答案　A 解析　根据“Culture differences”可知，作者是旅居在中国的外国人，因此肯定会产生文化上的差异，而这种差异会使人产生困惑。故选A。 9．A.easily B．gradually C．strangely D．usually 答案　B 解析　根据下文“I fell in love with the people，their schools and their history”可知，文化上的差异需要不断学习和融合才能消除，由此判断作者应是逐渐地接受了文化上的差异。故选B。 10．A.belonging B．pointing C．returning D．referring 答案　C 解析　前文提到作者旅居中国，后文提到了作者在Trenton，New Jersey成为一名老师，由此判断作者返回了自己的祖国。故选C。 11．A.volunteers B．classmates C．colleagues D．students 答案　D 解析　根据上文“I became a teacher in Trenton，New Jersey”可知，作者成为一名老师，因此在教室内面对的应该是自己的学生。故选D。 12．A.replied B．disappeared C．escaped D．started 答案　D 解析　根据上文“I signed up for a volunteer teaching program in Costa Rica”可知，作者在大学时参加了在哥斯达黎加的志愿者教学活动，使得作者想要成为一名老师，由此判断这是作者成为老师的起点。故选D。 13．A.correctly B．sincerely C．differently D．strictly 答案　C 解析　作者所经历的事情都给她带来了不同的经验和感受，所以作者认为如果有不同的选择，她会在安定下来之前更多地参加志愿者活动和在国外工作。故选C。 14．A.excuses B．discoveries C．preparations D．decisions 答案　B 解析　作者参加志愿者活动和在国外工作带给作者不同的感受和发现。故选B。 15．A.jumps at B．stands for C．turns down D．speaks out 答案　A 解析　jump at欣然接受； speak out畅所欲言，大声讲。根据“I hope”和“the chance to study or work abroad”可知，作者希望每一个英语专业的学生都能抓住出国学习或工作的机会。故选A。 Ⅳ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，满分15分) Chinese high school principal Zhang Guimei has been honored 1. the title “Role Model of the Times” in recognition of her dedication to education for girls. With the support of the Party and the government，she helped establish the country’s first senior high school to offer free education for girls from poor families.Since it opened in 2008，it 2.__________ (see) more than 1,800 students progress to universities and colleges. About 20 years ago，while on the way to visit a student’s house，Zhang Guimei，then a rural teacher in Huaping county，Lijiang，Yunnan Province，noticed a girl 3. (sit) on the hillside.She was staring 4. (blank) into space.The girl,13，told Zhang she was about to get married and it was arranged by her parents. That fateful encounter(邂逅) persuaded Zhang 5. (build) a free high school for girls，aiming to help break the spell(魔咒) 6. women drop out of education，marry early and spend 7. (they) whole life in the remote mountain. After years of trying to raise funds，in 2008，Huaping High School for Girls，a free public high school,8. (found) at the foot of the Shizi Mountain in Huaping，where Zhang is the principal.Over the decades，More than 1,800 9. (graduate) have been admitted to college,10. is regarded a “miracle” in the remote area，as most students didn’t perform well in academic study before the school was established. 语篇解读　本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了华坪女子高中及其校长张桂梅。 1．答案　with 解析　考查介词。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查be honored with，意为“被授予(某种荣誉或称号)”。故填with。 2．答案　has seen 解析　考查时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里有Since it opened in 2008作时间状语，谓语用现在完成时，主语是it，助动词用has。故填has seen。 3．答案　(was) sitting 解析　考查非谓语动词/时态。分析句子结构和意思可知，动词sit是被修饰的名词girl主动发出的动作，所以用现在分词形式，表示主动，作补语。也可以理解为notice后面跟宾语从句，从句的谓语动词用过去进行时，表示当时正在发生的动作，主语是girl，be动词用was。故填(was) sitting。 4．答案　blankly 解析　考查副词。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要副词，修饰动词stare。故填blankly。 5．答案　to build 解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查动词短语persuade sb to do sth，意为“说服某人做某事”。故填to build。 6．答案　that 解析　考查同位语从句。分析句子结构和意思可知，“women drop out of education，marry early and spend (they) whole life in the remote mountain”是解释前面名词spell的内容，是同位语从句，从句基本成分完整，上下文意思连贯，用连词that引导。故填that。 7．答案　their 解析　考查形容词性物主代词。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要形容词性物主代词，作定语，修饰后面的名词短语whole life。故填their。 8．答案　was founded 解析　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构和意思可知，这句话描述的是过去的事情，动词found和主语a free public high school之间是被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态结构，主语是a free public high school，be动词用was。故填was founded。 9．答案　graduates 解析　考查名词复数。分析句子结构和意思可知，名词graduate前面有More than 1,800修饰，所以用复数形式。故填graduates。 10．答案　which 解析　考查定语从句。分析句子结构和意思可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是整个主句的内容，在从句中作主语，用关系代词which引导。故填which。 Ⅴ.应用文写作(满分15分) 假定你是李华，你校上周举办了针对外国交换生的中国国画大赛，请你为校英文报撰写一篇报道，内容包括： 1．比赛过程及结果； 2．比赛影响。 注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2．标题已给出，不计入总词数。 A Traditional Chinese Painting Contest for Exchange Students 参考范文 A Traditional Chinese Painting Contest for Exchange Students Last week witnessed a traditional Chinese painting contest among foreign exchange students in our school. More than 50 candidates actively participated and submitted their remarkable entries，including landscape painting and flower and bird painting works.After a careful selection process,20 outstanding works were awarded for their innovative patterns and fantastic skills，which are now on display on the school website. The contest turns out to be a big hit.Not only does it provide a platform for exchange students to showcase their talent，but it also further stimulates their eagerness to deepen their understanding of traditional Chinese culture. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$