UNIT 7 Section Ⅱ Lesson 1 EQ：IQ-（课件PPT+Word教案）【步步高】2024-2025学年高二英语选择性必修第三册教师用书（北师大版2019）

Section Ⅱ　Lesson 1 Step 1　速读——整体理解文意 Ⅰ.明文章大意 What does the passage mainly talk about? It mainly talks about the importance of EQ and EQ can be improved by means of education. Ⅱ.悉篇章结构 Step 2　细读——深度获取细节 1．What is the type of the passage? A．Narrative. B．Practical writing. C．Argumentation. D．Exposition. 2．What may Professor Salovey disagree? A．A student with a high IQ is sure to get higher grades. B．A person’s character has a greater influence on one’s success. C．People with a high EQ may make better use of their IQ. D．A higher EQ may contribute to one’s promotion. 3．How does the author develop paragraph 4? A．By analyzing causes. B．By giving examples. C．By listing numbers. D．By making comparisons. 4．Why is Professor Mayer mentioned in the 6th paragraph? A．To show that a person’s EQ can be developed by education. B．To explain how a person’s EQ has changed. C．To show how to live a positive life. D．To explain students’ EQs have changed obviously. 5．What should schools do to develop students’ EQ? A．Teach them more basic knowledge. B．Offer courses in “people skills”． C．Improve students’ study skills. D．Have more EQ tests. 答案　1.C　2.A　3.D　4.A　5.B Step 3　读后——课文语法填空 Most students feel their IQ，which refers to Intelligence Quotient，is 1.what determines how well they are going to do in life，but new research 2.suggests(suggest) that EQ is a better way for predicting success.Professor Salovey says it is IQ 3.that gets you employed，but it is EQ that gets you 4.promoted(promote)．He may be right.Students with high IQs sometimes end up 5.failing(fail) exams and this may be due to a 6.lower(low) EQ.The 7.association(associate) between IQ and EQ is interesting.People with low EQs find it harder 8.to adjust(adjust) in life and in their careers.Altogether，the results of 9.studies(study) show that a high EQ is necessary for getting on with people and being able to understand and react 10.to situations in the best way.So schools need to be sure to develop a student’s entire character. 1．Even if they never see their results，they feel that their IQ is what determines(determine) how well they are going to do in life.(P8，Para.1) 结构分析：本句是复合句。句中even if引导让步状语从句；they feel后是that引导的宾语从句，其中what引导表语从句，how well they are going to do in life是宾语从句。 汉语翻译：即使他们从未看到过自己的测试结果，他们也觉得他们的智商决定了自己日后生活中的表现。 2．When they see other students doing better than them，they usually believe that those students have a higher(high) IQ and that there is nothing they can do to change(change) their situation.(P8，Para.1) 结构分析：本句是复合句。句中when引导时间状语从句；they usually believe后包含and连接的两个由that引导的宾语从句，they can do为省略了关系代词的定语从句，修饰先行词nothing。 汉语翻译：当他们看到其他学生比自己优秀时，他们通常认为那些学生有更高的智商，并且认为他们无法改变自己的处境。 3．Supported by his research，Professor Salovey suggests that when predicting(predict) someone’s future success，their character，as measured by EQ tests，might actually matter more than their IQ.(P8，Para.2) 结构分析：本句是复合句。过去分词短语supported by his research在句中作状语，句子主语Professor Salovey与之构成被动关系；本句谓语是suggests，后面是that引导的宾语从句。 汉语翻译：在其研究的基础上，沙洛维教授建议，在预测某人未来的成功时，由情商测定的性格实际上可能比智商更重要。 4．When students were introduced to those who had disabilities，they found that，afterwards，the non-disabled students were more willing to help(help) people with difficulties.(P9，Para.6) 结构分析：本句是复合句。句中when引导时间状语从句，在该从句中who引导定语从句，修饰those；主句中，that引导宾语从句。 汉语翻译：他们发现，介绍学生认识有残障的学生之后，这些身体健全的学生会更愿意帮助残障人士。 5．And the fact that it might be possible to raise EQs means(mean) that schools need to make sure that their students are receiving an education they really need，not solely based on IQ but on developing the entire character.(P9，Para.7) 结构分析：本句是复合句。句中第一个that引导的是同位语从句，解释fact的内容；第二个that引导的是宾语从句；第三个that引导的宾语从句作make sure 的宾语；they really need是省略了关系代词的定语从句，修饰an education。 汉语翻译：事实上，提高情商是有可能的，这就意味着学校需要确保他们的学生接受他们真正需要的教育，不仅仅是基于智商的教育，而是全人发展的教育。 employ vt.& n．雇用[employer n．雇主 employee n．雇员；雇工 (un)employment n．就(失)业] employ sb to do sth雇用某人做某事 employ sb as...雇用某人担任…… be employed in...从事……，忙于…… (1)It’s announced that she was employed as a physician in a big hospital. (2)The employee was recognised for her outstanding performance by her employer at the annual award ceremony.(employ) [写作佳句] (3)(话题写作之人物介绍)屠呦呦忙于从传统医学文献中寻找治疗疟疾的方法。 Tu Youyou was employed in finding a cure for malaria from traditional medical literature. (4)(应用文写作之申请信)如果我有幸被录用，我将不遗余力地报答你的信任。 If I am lucky enough to be employed，I will spare no effort to repay you for your trust. determine vt.决定，直接影响；测定，确定(determination n．决心；坚定determined adj.决心；坚决的) •determine to do sth决定/决心做某事 determine on/upon (doing)...决定(做)…… •be determined to do sth决心做某事 •with determination坚定地；坚决地 [用法点拨]　determine为非延续性动词，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用；be determined to do sth表示状态，可以与表示一段时间的状语连用。 (1)Seeing the dead fish floating on the surface of the lake，I determined to take(take) immediate action to stop water pollution. (2)Determined(determine) to finish all the homework，he stayed up till eleven o’clock last night. (3)With determination(determine)，she overcame her fears and finally learned how to drive. [写作佳句] (4)(2022·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)听了我的话，大卫泪流满面地转向我，坚定地表达了自己要完成越野跑的决心。 At my words，with tears rolling down his cheeks，David turned to me and firmly expressed his determination to finish the cross-country run. (5)就在那时我决定继续在农场工作，以便能帮助养家糊口。 It was at that time that I determined to go on working on the farm so that I could help support my family. deserve vt.应得，应受到(奖赏或惩罚)；值得 deserve＋n.值得…… deserve to do sth应该做某事 deserve doing＝deserve to be done应该/值得被…… [拓展]　英语中可用动词-ing主动形式作宾语，表示被动意义，类似的结构还有be worth doing，need/want/require doing。 (1)When we make important decisions，all possible options deserve consideration/to be considered/considering(consider)． (2)He has worked very hard and deserves to get(get) the master’s degree. [写作佳句] (3)(话题写作之人物介绍)其实，我们身边有很多像李叔叔这样无私的人，他们非常值得尊敬。 Actually，there are many selfless people like Uncle Li around us，and they well deserve respecting/to be respected/our respect. adjust vt.调整，调节 vi.& vt.适应，(使)习惯 (adjustment n．调整；适应 adjustable adj.可调节的；可调整的) •adjust (oneself) to (doing) sth (使某人自己)适应(做)某事 adjust...to...调整……以适应…… •make adjustments/an adjustment(to sth)(对……)作出调整 (1)It took her a while to adjust to living(live) alone. (2)I’ve made a few adjustments(adjust) to the design. (3)The focus of the telescope is adjustable(adjust)，which brings great convenience to the users. [写作佳句] (4)(应用文写作之求助信)我写信向您寻求一些关于如何适应新环境的建议。 I am writing to ask you for some advice on how to adjust (myself) to the new surroundings. (5)(应用文写作之道歉信)由于我没有及时调整相关的信息，给您带来了极大的不便，我写信向您道歉。 ①I am writing to apologize to you for not adjusting the relevant information in time，causing great inconvenience to you.(adjust) ②I am writing to apologize to you for not making adjustments/an adjustment to the relevant information in time，causing great inconvenience to you.(adjustment) announce vt.宣布，宣告，公布 (announcement n．宣告；通知 announcer n．播音员) •announce sth to sb＝announce to sb sth向某人宣布某事 It is/was announced that...据宣布…… •make an announcement (to)(向……)发布宣告或通知 (1)It was announced(announce) that an agreement had been reached by the end of the meeting. [写作佳句] (2)(应用文写作之演讲稿)我很荣幸地宣布我将竞选学生会主席。 It’s my great honor/I’m honoured to announce that I am running for chairman of the Students’ Council. (3)(应用文写作之口头通知)请注意！我有一个公告要宣布。 Attention，please！I have an announcement to make. 强调句型 Professor Salovey，who invented the term EQ，gives the following description：at work，it is IQ that gets you employed，but it is EQ that gets you promoted.(P8，Para.2) 情商(EQ)一词的发明者沙洛维教授给出了以下描述：在工作中，智商(IQ)能帮你找到工作，但情商(EQ)能帮你升职。 结构分析：本句为复合句。who引导非限制性定语从句；it is IQ that...和it is EQ that...是两个强调句，其中 employed 和 promoted为过去分词作宾语补足语。 ———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————— 强调句型： (1)基本结构：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who... (2)一般疑问句结构：Is/Was it＋被强调部分＋that/who...? (3)特殊疑问句结构：特殊疑问词＋is/was it＋that...? (4)特殊结构：It is/was not until＋被强调部分＋that... ———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————— [写作佳句] (1)直到作为交换生去了美国他才意识到学好英语的重要性。 He didn’t realize the importance of learning English well until he went to America as an exchange student.(not...until) ＝It was not until he went to America as an exchange student that he realized the importance of learning English well.(not until的强调句) (2)(应用文写作之感谢信)正是在你的专业指导下，我们的英语取得了如此迅速的进步。 It is under your professional guidance that we have made such rapid progress in English. It is v．-ed that... It is generally believed that people with high EQs are open to new ideas and have positive attitudes towards life.(P9，Para.4) 人们普遍认为，情商高的人容易接纳新思想，对待生活积极乐观。 结构分析：本句为复合句。其中it为形式主语，that引导的主语从句为真正的主语。 ———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————— •It is believed that...人们认为/相信…… •It is said/known/thought/hoped/reported that... 据说/众所周知/人们认为/人们希望/据报道…… •以上结构可以改为下列两种简单句形式： ①Sb/Sth＋be＋believed/said/known/thought/reported/...＋to do sth(不定式根据情况可用一般式、进行式或完成式)； ②People/Sb＋believe/say/think/report/...＋that... ———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————— [写作佳句] (应用文写作之活动介绍)人们相信音乐节不仅有趣而且有意义。 (1)It is believed that the music festival will be not only interesting but also meaningful. (2)People believe that the music festival will be not only interesting but also meaningful. There is little doubt that... 几乎毫无疑问…… On the other hand，there is little doubt that people with low EQs often have problems getting on with other people and dealing with difficult situations...(P9，Para.4) 另一方面，情商低的人几乎毫无疑问往往在与人相处、解决困难方面存在问题…… 结构分析：本句为复合句。其中that引导的是同位语从句。 ———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————— •There is some doubt whether...怀疑是否…… There is no doubt that...毫无疑问…… without doubt毫无疑问 be in doubt不确定 •don’t doubt that...不怀疑…… doubt whether/if...怀疑/不相信是否…… ———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————— (1)I doubted whether/if my parents would agree that I had the right to manage my earnings. (2)There is no doubt that they will help you when you are in trouble. [写作佳句] (3)(应用文写作之活动报道)毫无疑问，用自己的双手劳动而不是依靠别人是非常有意义的。 ①There is no doubt that it is very meaningful to work with our own hands rather than depend on others.(doubt n．) ②We don’t doubt that it is very meaningful to work with our own hands rather than depend on others.(doubt vt.) 阅读以下短文，感知黑体部分的功能，并完成后面的题目 ①Lost in the forest，Tom felt helpless first but then he remained where he was，waiting for help to come.However，there’s no sign of anyone coming.②Although seriously injured，he continued to cry for help.Fortunately，a hunter appeared，③followed by his wolf dog.In no time，Tom was taken to hospital，④arm supported by the hunter.When he woke up in the following morning，he found himself ⑤taken good care of by nurses. 1．动词-ed 形式表示被动或已完成的动作，作状语，可以单独使用，如①③；也可以在其前面加上适当的连词，如②。 2．动词-ed形式的逻辑主语必须与句子的主语保持一致，如果不一致，常在动词-ed形式前加上其逻辑主语，构成独立主格结构，如④。 3．动词-ed形式还可以作宾语补足语，宾语与过去分词之间为被动关系，如⑤。 动词-ed形式 一、过去分词(短语)作状语 (一)过去分词(短语)作状语的基本用法 过去分词(短语)作状语，表示被动的或完成的动作，这时句子的主语和过去分词之间为逻辑上的被动关系。在句中可以相当于一个时间状语从句、原因状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句或者作方式、伴随状语。 1．表示时间，相当于一个时间状语从句，有时过去分词前可加连词when或while来强调时间概念。 Asked about the quality guarantee (＝When he was asked about the quality guarantee)，the salesman didn’t respond. 当被问及质量保证时，推销员没有回答。 2．表示条件，相当于一个由unless，if等引导的条件状语从句。 Given more time(＝If it is given more time)，our association will achieve more. 假以时日，我们的协会会取得更多的成就。 3．表示原因，相当于一个由as，because等引导的原因状语从句。 Greatly inspired by the teacher’s words(＝Because he was greatly inspired by the teacher’s words)，he made up his mind to work at English even harder. 深受老师的话的激励，他决心更加努力地学习英语。 4．表示让步，相当于一个though/although引导的让步状语从句。 Beaten by the opposite team(＝Though we were beaten by the opposite team)，we didn’t lose heart but encouraged each other.虽然被对手的队伍打败了，但我们并没有灰心而是相互鼓励。 5．表示行为方式、伴随情况或补充说明，可位于句首或句末，可以扩展成一个状语从句或并列分句。 Followed by a group of students，the teacher entered the classroom. ＝The teacher entered the classroom and he was followed by a group of students. 老师走进教室，后面跟着一群学生。 注意： 1．过去分词(短语)作状语时，前面有时可以加上when，if，while，though，even if，unless等连词，这种结构可以看作是状语从句的省略形式。需要注意的是省略的主语必须和主句的主语相同。 Though warned of the storm(＝Though they had been warned of the storm)，the farmers were still working in the field.尽管被警告过有暴风雨，农民们仍然在田地里劳作。 2．有些过去分词因来源于系表结构，作状语时不表被动而表主动。这样的过去分词常常是表示身心状态或情绪的形容词。如：lost沉溺于；seated坐；dressed in穿着；tired of厌烦；faced with面临；accustomed to习惯于，devoted to 奉献于等。 Lost in thought，the architect didn’t hear the sound. 沉浸在思考之中，建筑师没听到那道声音。 (二)过去分词(短语)独立主格作状语 动词-ed形式(短语)作状语时，有时在前面加上自己的主语，这种带有自身主语的动词-ed形式被称为独立主格结构，这种独立结构通常在句中作状语，可表示时间、原因、条件等。 Extra money given to the poor，he felt very happy. ＝Because extra money was given to the poor，he felt very happy. 额外的钱给了穷人后，他感到很高兴。 (三)过去分词与现在分词作状语的区别 过去分词与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，即表示被动；现在分词与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，即表示主动。 Used for a long time，the book looks old.(被动关系)由于用了很长时间，这本书看上去陈旧。 Using the book，I find it very useful.(主动关系) 在使用这本书时，我发现它很有用。 注意：无论是现在分词还是过去分词，其逻辑主语必须和句子的主语一致。如果不一致，则必须用状语从句、独立主格结构等其他表达形式。 If caught，the police will punish the thief.(×) If caught，the thief will be punished by the police.(√) If the thief is caught，the police will punish him/her.(√) 二、过去分词(短语)作宾语补足语 1．作宾语补足语的过去分词和宾语之间的关系 及物动词的过去分词作宾语补足语时与宾语之间通常为被动关系；少数不及物动词(如fall，go，change等)的过去分词作宾语补足语时仅表示动作的完成；seat，hide，dress等的过去分词作宾语补足语时，一般表示宾语的状态，不表示被动或完成。 When I came in，I found the boy hidden behind the door. 我进来时发现这个男孩藏在门后面。 2．过去分词(短语)作宾语补足语的五种情况 (1)过去分词用在表状态的动词keep，leave等后面，构成“keep/leave/...＋n./pron.＋过去分词”形式。 Addicted to computer games，he left much homework unfinished. 他沉迷于电脑游戏，很多作业没有做完。 (2)用在表示“致使”意义的动词后面，构成“have/get/make＋n./pron.＋过去分词”形式。 They are going to have the entrance hall painted white.(表示“让某事被别人做”) 他们准备让人把门厅粉刷成白色。 He is trying to make himself understood. 他在努力把自己的意思说清楚。 (3)用在感官动词或表示心理状态的动词后面，如see，watch，observe，find，hear，feel，notice等，构成“see/watch/...＋n./pron.＋过去分词”形式。 She felt a great weight taken off her mind. 她觉得心里轻松多了。 The next morning people found the outside world completely changed. 第二天早上，人们发现外面的世界全变了。 (4)用在表示“希望、要求”意义的动词后面，如like，want，wish等，构成“like/want/...＋n./pron.＋过去分词”形式。 I wish the problem settled at the meeting. 我希望这个问题在会议上被解决。 (5)用在“with＋宾语＋宾补”结构中，宾语与过去分词在逻辑上存在被动关系。这一结构通常在句中作时间、方式、条件、原因等状语。 With many brightly colored flowers planted around it，her house looks like a beautiful garden. 由于周围种了许多色彩鲜艳的花，她的房子看上去就像一个漂亮的花园。 3．过去分词和现在分词作宾语补足语的区别 现在分词作宾语补足语，表示动词与宾语之间存在主谓关系。 Listen！Do you hear someone calling for help? 听！你听到有人正在呼喊救命吗？ I have heard the story told many times by the storyteller. 我听过讲故事的人讲过这个故事很多次了。 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．We considered this matter settled(settle)． 2．Highly devoted(devote) to his occupation，he became a successful CEO in the end. 3．David had his wrist injured(injure) when he played basketball. 4．The plan successfully carried(carry) out，we all felt relieved. 5．Please keep us informed(inform) of the latest news. 6．The old man went into the room，supported(support) by his wife. 7．Located(locate) on the coast of the East China Sea，the town has a history of more than 300 years and a population of 200,000. 8．The new technology，if applied(apply) to rice growing，will help increase the yield. 9．Living(live) far from the school，he has to get up early every morning. 10．When first introduced(introduce) to the market，these new products from their company enjoyed a great success. Ⅱ.完成句子 1．Once lost，such a chance might never come again. 一旦失去，这样的机会可能永远不会再来。 2．Given another chance，I’ll do it much better. 如果再给我一次机会，我会做得更好。 3．Edited by three language experts，the dictionary has been popular with readers ever since it came out two years ago. 由于被三位语言专家编辑，这本词典自从两年前上市以来就一直受到读者的欢迎。 4．When exposed to stress，in whatever form，all of us react both mentally and physically. 当暴露在压力之下时，不管以什么形式，我们所有的人都会从精神和身体上做出反应。 5．Accompanied by her mum，the girl visited the art gallery. 在妈妈的陪同下，女孩参观了美术馆。 Ⅲ.完成下列语段，尽可能多地使用动词-ed形式 面对职业生涯规划这一重要任务，我被告知要探索自己的兴趣。在经验丰富的顾问的指导下，我研究了各种职业。收集到了信息，我的职业生涯规划道路更加清晰。其他同学受到启发并下定决心，开始制定他们的计划。渐渐地，在支持性环境的滋养下，我们的梦想开始展翅飞翔。 1．Faced with the crucial task of career planning，I was advised to explore my interest.2.Guided by experienced consultants，I researched various professions.3.The information gathered，my career planning path was clearer.Other classmates,4.inspired and determined，began outlining their plans.Gradually，our dreams,5.fostered by a supportive environment，started to take flight. 训练2　Lesson 1　[分值：70分] Ⅰ.单句语法填空(每小题1.5分，满分15分) 1．Facilities for people with disabilities(disabled) are still insufficient. 2．To come back before Sunday，I have made a few minor adjustments(adjust) to the schedule of my trip. 3．They have maintained a close association(associate) with an institution in the US. 4．Employed(employ) in watering the flowers，she did not notice what was happening. 5．Which of the predictions(predict) they made have already come true? 6．It’s hard to tell how he will react(reaction) to the news. 7．There is some doubt whether the current self-driving car technology can fully replace human drivers. 8．It was not until he came back from Africa that year that he met the girl he would like to marry. 9．Today’s announcement(announce) of a peace agreement came after weeks of discussion. 10．The professor is said to have succeeded(succeed) in carrying out this experiment. Ⅱ.单句写作(课文佳句仿写)(满分15分) 1．据说，这次活动提供了一个促进文化交流和理解的独特机会。(it is said that...) It is said that this event presents a unique opportunity to promote cultural exchange and understanding. 2．正是通过这个平台，我们可以了解丰富多样的茶文化，促进相互尊重。(强调句) It is through this platform that we can learn about the rich and diverse tea culture and develop mutual respect. 3．即使我还未毕业，我对茶文化的重要性有很好的理解。(even if) Even if I haven’t graduated，I have a good understanding of the importance of tea culture. 4．事实是我也擅长用英语沟通，这将使我成为志愿者团队中的宝贵成员。(同位语从句) The fact that I am good at communicating in English will make me a valuable member of the volunteer team. 5．具有丰富的志愿者经验，毫无疑问，我能胜任这份工作。(doubt) Equipped with rich voluntary experience，without doubt，I am equal to the job. 组句成篇　以上句子可以加上过渡词语和其他联想内容组成一篇小短文。 Dear Sir or Madam， I am writing to apply to be a volunteer for the “Belt and Road Initiative” Tea Culture Exchange event to be organized by UNESCO in my hometown. It is said that this event presents a unique opportunity to promote cultural exchange and understanding.It is through this platform that we can learn about the rich and diverse tea culture and develop mutual respect.Firstly，even if I haven’t graduated，I have a good understanding of the importance of tea culture.It has been several years since I was fascinated by the art of tea making and brewing.Moreover，the fact that I am good at communicating in English will make me a valuable member of the volunteer team.Last but not least，equipped with rich voluntary experience，without doubt，I am equal to the job. I’ll be really delighted to work for this activity and definitely be devoted to the job.Looking forward to your reply. Yours sincerely， Li Hua Ⅲ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，满分10分) Back in the distant past，job candidates had interests or hobbies.For example，reading a book was a perfectly acceptable way of spending your spare time.No longer.Today you will probably be asked if you have a “personal passion project”，and the more exhausting your answer sounds，the better. Passion is becoming basic for workplace success.A new piece of research from Jon Jachimowicz and Hannah Weisman of Harvard Business School includes an analysis of 200 million job postings in America.It finds that the number which mentions “passion” rose over time，from 2% in 2007 to 16% in 2019. On the surface this makes sense.Better，surely，for an employee to be enthusiastic than not.Most workers want to do a job they love；most companies want a workforce that is committed and motivated. But passion can affect judgment.For firms，the obvious danger is rewarding commitment over competence.The super-keen employee who volunteers for everything may not be that great at their job.Some research finds that passion may indeed be blinding managers to reality：it finds that even when the performance of passionate employees is on the downward slope，they are still more likely to be given promotions than peers who tend not to say much. There are only so many ways to communicate passion.Widening your eyes and nodding wildly：too weird.Jumping，cheering and sweating：even weirder.Working ever longer hours，on the other hand，is a fairly simple way to show that your commitment is beyond question. It is great to feel passion for your job.But if you are up at 4 am for a meeting，constantly working on your holiday or have just been handed a mop(拖把) and a bucket by your boss，you are in the grasp of something that is not entirely healthy. 1．What do the statistics in paragraph 2 indicate? A．Passion is valued in workplace. B．Success depends on working passion. C．The study has been newly conducted. D．Lots of job postings are provided nowadays. 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段末句可知，在招聘广告中提到工作热情的比例从2007年的2%上涨到了2019年的16%，这些数据说明，职场对工作热情越来越重视。故选A。 2．What can we know from the fourth paragraph? A．Managers tend to promote talented employees. B．It is dangerous to reward passionate employees. C．Passionate employees may be promoted improperly. D．The employee who shows passion is not a good one. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第四段末句可知，研究发现，即使当有热情的员工走下坡路的时候，他们都比其他人更可能被提拔，即表现出工作热情的员工可能会被不恰当地提拔。故选C。 3．What is the author’s attitude toward passion at work? A．Supportive. B．Objective. C．Negative. D．Uncaring. 答案　B 解析　观点态度题。根据本文最后一段可知，有热情是好的，但是如果你凌晨四点和节假日还在工作，或者被指派一些工作以外的事情，你的状态就不健康了，由此推知，作者对于工作中的热情所持态度是理性客观的。故选B。 4．What can be the best title for the text? A．Greater Pressure from Work B．The Fashion for Passion C．Higher Demand for Interests D．The Advantages of Passion 答案　B 解析　标题归纳题。通读全文尤其是根据第二段中提到的“激情正在成为职场成功的基础”可知，本文讨论的是工作热情越来越受到关注以及它的利弊。所以B项概括主旨，是本文的最佳标题。故选B。 Ⅳ.完形填空(每小题1分，满分15分) Ever since I was 13 years old，I wanted to be a photographer.I had a dream of working for some magazines，which would allow me to travel around the world to 1 the right picture. After leaving high school，I 2 in photography in the University of the Arts.However，I kept reflecting on my 3 though I learned a lot in my freshman year.There was nothing wrong with the school，but it was not 4 for me. I 5 teachers and they helped me analyse the situation 6 .Such an experience made me know teaching students how to 7 their full potential in their artwork was what I wanted.And 8 ，I wanted to be engaged in a(n) 9 that made me feel like I was actually making some difference in the community. I decided to transfer to Buffalo State College，where I would graduate the next year with Bachelor’s degree in Art Education.Studying in Buffalo totally 10 my life.When I was in class，I always 11 myself in what I was learning.Then，during my first on-site teaching lesson at a middle school，it 12 me that this was what I would want to do for the rest of my life，and I 13 loved it. Now，as I’m finishing my senior year，I’m happy I made such a decision in my life.I believe this is 14 the one for my entire life， 15 the one I had once been dreaming but turned out not for me. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者从小追求摄影这个梦想，但是在读了大学后才发现教育才是自己真正想从事的职业。 1．A.acquire B．spot C．access D．assess 答案　A 解析　根据作者想成为摄影师以及“working for some magazines”可知，环游世界是为了获得适合杂志的照片。故选A。 2．A.joined B．occupied C．determined D．majored 答案　D 解析　根据下文“in photography in the University of the Arts”可知，作者在大学主修摄影专业。故选D。 3．A.competence B．option C．life D．profession 答案　B 解析　根据文章第一句可知，作者想要成为一名摄影师，且上文提到作者进入大学主修摄影专业，由此推知作者实现了自己的愿望，这是作者的选择。故选B。 4．A.satisfied B．suitable C．acceptable D．practical 答案　B 解析　根据下文“I decided to transfer to Buffalo State College”可知，以前的学校不适合作者，所以作者转学去了另外的学校。故选B。 5．A.relied on B．related to C．referred to D．turned to 答案　D 解析　根据下文“they helped me analyse the situation”可知，作者向老师求助。故选D。 6．A.merely B．conventionally C．objectively D．ultimately 答案　C 解析　根据下文作者因此想做老师指导学生可推知，老师们客观地帮他分析。故选C。 7．A.find B．classify C．adopt D．realize 答案　D 解析　根据下文“full potential in their artwork”可知，老师就是要让学生充分发挥自己的潜力。故选D。 8．A.above all B．at last C．in general D．after all 答案　A 解析　根据下文“that made me feel like I was actually making some difference in the community”可知，作者想要在社区中有所影响，所以这是对于作者来说很重要的事。故选A。 9．A.stage B．occupation C．duty D．responsibility 答案　B 解析　根据上文“teaching students”可知，作者想换一份当教师的工作。故选B。 10．A.shone B．contained C．changed D．demonstrated 答案　C 解析　上文说到作者转学来布法罗学习艺术教育，和作者之前的专业不一样了，所以在布法罗学习完全改变了作者的生活。故选C。 11．A.amused B．associated C．involved D．aided 答案　C 解析　根据下文“during my first on-site teaching lesson at a middle school”和“this was what I would want to do for the rest of my life”可推知，教书是作者余生想做的，所以作者很投入。故选C。 12．A.astonished B．guaranteed C．inspired D．struck 答案　D 解析　固定句型it struck sb that...表示“某人突然想到……”，此处表示一个偶然事件让作者突然想到这就是自己余生想要做的事情。故选D。 13．A.absolutely B．naturally C．eventually D．gradually 答案　A 解析　根据上文“I would want to do for the rest of my life”可知这是作者要做一辈子的事，所以作者喜欢。故选A。 14．A.just B．even C．already D．ever 答案　A 解析　通过上文“I would want to do for the rest of my life”可知，教育正是作者将一生从事的工作。just正好，恰好。故选A。 15．A.as to B．except for C．regardless of D．thanks to 答案　C 解析　根据下文“the one I had once been dreaming”并结合全文可知，不管作者以前有什么梦想，现在唯一的愿望就是从事教育。故选C。 Ⅴ.语法填空(每小题1.5 分，满分 15 分) While rice and wheat are the two most commonly consumed grains worldwide，a study 1. (cover) more than 100,000 people in Northwest China has revealed that choosing rice as a staple food(主食) may result 2. a lower risk of obesity. Researchers from Xi’an Jiaotong University collected data from participants，aged between 30s and 70s，3. are residents of five northwestern provincial-level regions.The participants 4. (respond) to questionnaires via face-to-face interviews，providing information about their medical history and lifestyle，such as alcohol consumption，smoking and physical activity.5. (make) a better analysis，the researchers divided the participants into three groups according to their weekly rice and wheat intake，with similar 6. (frequent)． The results show that rice preference may be related to a lower risk of certain obesity types in 7. population of Northwest China.When wheat lovers changed their staple food to rice five times per week，the participants showed a 36.5 percent lower risk of normal-weight obesity in men 8. a 20.5 percent lower risk of normal-weight central obesity in women. The researchers concluded that 9. (compare) with a preference for wheat，a preference for rice，or changing from wheat to rice，could be associated with lower risks of overall fat accumulation，10. (especial) for individuals with normal weight. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。大米和小麦是世界上最常被人们食用的两种谷物。一项覆盖中国西北10余万人的研究显示，以大米为主食可能会降低肥胖风险。 1．答案　covering 解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，空处为非谓语动词，study与cover之间是主动关系，故用现在分词。故填covering。 2．答案　in 解析　考查介词。根据句意可知，此处为固定短语result in，意为“导致”。故填in。 3．答案　who 解析　考查定语从句。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词participants指人，在非限制性定语从句中作主语，用关系代词who。故填who。 4．答案　responded 解析　考查动词时态。根据前文中collected可知，讲述的是过去的事情，要用一般过去时。 故填responded。 5．答案　To make 解析　考查非谓语动词。此处用动词不定式作目的状语，单词to在句首，首字母大写。故填To make。 6．答案　frequency 解析　考查名词。介词with后接名词作宾语，frequency是不可数名词。故填frequency。 7．答案　the 解析　考查定冠词。名词population后接介词短语of Northwest China作后置定语，应用the表示特指。故填the。 8．答案　and 解析　考查连词。分析句子结构和句意可知，前文“a 36.5 percent lower risk of...men”与后文“a 20.5 percent lower risk of...women”构成并列关系，应用连词and。故填and。 9．答案　compared 解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，空处为非谓语动词作状语，compare与主语a preference for rice之间是动宾关系，故用过去分词。故填compared。 10．答案　especially 解析　考查副词。此处要用副词作状语，修饰空格后的内容。故填especially。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Section Ⅱ Lesson 1 CAREERS UNIT 7 Part 1　课文整体理解 Part 2　长句难句分析 Part 3　语言知识学习 Part 4　语法项目精讲 整体理解 课文 3 Step 1　速读——整体理解文意 Ⅰ.明文章大意 What does the passage mainly talk about? It mainly talks about the of EQ and EQ can be improved by means of . importance education Ⅱ.悉篇章结构 Para.1 Success is not simply the result of a high IQ. Para.2 1. matters more than 2. as for someone’s future success. Para.3 People with high IQs don’t always have high 3. . Para.4 The 4. of people with high EQs. Para.7 A student’s entire 7.________ should be developed. Para.5 EQ has a lot to do with 5. . Para.6 EQ can be 6. by education. EQ IQ EQs advantages education developed character Step 2　细读——深度获取细节 1.What is the type of the passage? A.Narrative. B.Practical writing. C.Argumentation. D.Exposition. √ 2.What may Professor Salovey disagree? A.A student with a high IQ is sure to get higher grades. B.A person’s character has a greater influence on one’s success. C.People with a high EQ may make better use of their IQ. D.A higher EQ may contribute to one’s promotion. √ 3.How does the author develop paragraph 4? A.By analyzing causes. B.By giving examples. C.By listing numbers. D.By making comparisons. √ 4.Why is Professor Mayer mentioned in the 6th paragraph? A.To show that a person’s EQ can be developed by education. B.To explain how a person’s EQ has changed. C.To show how to live a positive life. D.To explain students’ EQs have changed obviously. √ 5.What should schools do to develop students’ EQ? A.Teach them more basic knowledge. B.Offer courses in “people skills”. C.Improve students’ study skills. D.Have more EQ tests. √ Step 3　读后——课文语法填空 Most students feel their IQ，which refers to Intelligence Quotient，is 1. determines how well they are going to do in life，but new research 2. (suggest) that EQ is a better way for predicting success.Professor Salovey says it is IQ 3. gets you employed，but it is EQ that gets you 4. (promote).He may be right.Students with high IQs sometimes end up 5. (fail) exams and this may be due to a 6. (low) EQ. The 7. (associate) between IQ and EQ is interesting. what suggests that promoted failing lower association People with low EQs find it harder 8. (adjust) in life and in their careers.Altogether，the results of 9. (study) show that a high EQ is necessary for getting on with people and being able to understand and react 10. situations in the best way.So schools need to be sure to develop a student’s entire character. to adjust studies to 返 回 难句分析 长句 13 1.Even if they never see their results，they feel that their IQ is what (determine) how well they are going to do in life.(P8，Para.1) 结构分析：本句是 句。句中even if引导 从句；they feel后是that引导的 从句，其中what引导 从句，how well they are going to do in life是 从句。 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ determines 复合 让步状语 表语 即使他们从未看到过自己的测试结果，他们也觉得他们的智商决定了自己日后生活中的表现。 宾语 宾语 2.When they see other students doing better than them，they usually believe that those students have a (high) IQ and that there is nothing they can do (change) their situation.(P8，Para.1) 结构分析：本句是 句。句中when引导 从句；they usually believe后包含and连接的两个由that引导的 从句，they can do为省略了关系代词的 从句，修饰先行词nothing。 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ to change higher 复合 时间状语 当他们看到其他学生比自己优秀时，他们通常认为那些学生有更高的智商，并且认为他们无法改变自己的处境。 定语 宾语 3.Supported by his research，Professor Salovey suggests that when (predict) someone’s future success，their character，as measured by EQ tests，might actually matter more than their IQ.(P8，Para.2) 结构分析：本句是 句。过去分词短语supported by his research在句中作 ，句子主语Professor Salovey与之构成 关系；本句谓语是suggests，后面是that引导的 从句。 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ predicting 复合 状语 宾语 在其研究的基础上，沙洛维教授建议，在预测某人未来的成功时，由情商测定的性格实际上可能比智商更重要。 被动 4.When students were introduced to those who had disabilities，they found that，afterwards，the non-disabled students were more willing (help) people with difficulties.(P9，Para.6) 结构分析：本句是 句。句中when引导 从句，在该从句中who引导 从句，修饰those；主句中，that引导 从句。 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ to help 复合 他们发现，介绍学生认识有残障的学生之后，这些身体健全的学生会更愿意帮助残障人士。 时间状语 定语 宾语 5.And the fact that it might be possible to raise EQs (mean) that schools need to make sure that their students are receiving an education they really need，not solely based on IQ but on developing the entire character.(P9，Para.7) 结构分析：本句是 句。句中第一个that引导的是 从句，解释fact的内容；第二个that引导的是 从句；第三个that引导的_____ 从句作make sure 的 语；they really need是省略了关系代词的_____ 从句，修饰an education。 means 复合 同位语 宾语 宾语 宾 定语 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ 事实上，提高情商是有可能的，这就意味着学校需要确保他们的学生接受他们真正需要的教育，不仅仅是基于智商的教育，而是全人发展的教育。 返 回 知识学习 语言 20 vt.& n.雇用[employer n.雇主 employee n.雇员；雇工 (un)employment n.就(失)业] 1 (1)It’s announced that she was employed a physician in a big hospital. (2)The was recognised for her outstanding performance by her at the annual award ceremony.(employ) employ as employee employ sb to do sth雇用某人做某事 employ sb as...雇用某人担任…… be employed in...从事……，忙于…… employer (3)(话题写作之人物介绍)屠呦呦忙于从传统医学文献中寻找治疗疟疾的方法。 Tu Youyou finding a cure for malaria from traditional medical literature. (4)(应用文写作之申请信)如果我有幸被录用，我将不遗余力地报答你的信任。 ，I will spare no effort to repay you for your trust. 写作佳句 was employed in If I am lucky enough to be employed 2 vt.决定，直接影响；测定，确定(determination n.决心；坚定determined adj.决心；坚决的) determine [用法点拨]　determine为非延续性动词，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用；be determined to do sth表示状态，可以与表示一段时间的状语连用。 • determine to do sth决定/决心做某事 determine on/upon (doing)...决定(做)…… • be determined to do sth决心做某事 • with determination坚定地；坚决地 (1)Seeing the dead fish floating on the surface of the lake，I determined (take) immediate action to stop water pollution. (2) (determine) to finish all the homework，he stayed up till eleven o’clock last night. (3)With (determine)，she overcame her fears and finally learned how to drive. to take Determined determination (4)(2022·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)听了我的话，大卫泪流满面地转向我，坚定地表达了自己要完成越野跑的决心。 At my words，with tears rolling down his cheeks，David turned to me and firmly ________________________________________ _________________. (5)就在那时我决定继续在农场工作，以便能帮助养家糊口。 It was at that time that I __________________________________ ______ so that I could help support my family. 写作佳句 expressed his determination to finish the cross-country run determined to go on working on the farm 3 vt.应得，应受到(奖赏或惩罚)；值得 deserve deserve＋n.值得…… deserve to do sth应该做某事 deserve doing＝deserve to be done应该/值得被…… [拓展]　英语中可用动词-ing主动形式作宾语，表示被动意义，类似的结构还有be worth doing，need/want/require doing。 (1)When we make important decisions，all possible options deserve consideration/to be considered/considering(consider). (2)He has worked very hard and deserves ______(get) the master’s degree. to get (3)(话题写作之人物介绍)其实，我们身边有很多像李叔叔这样无私的人，他们非常值得尊敬。 Actually，there are many selfless people like Uncle Li around us，and they well . 写作佳句 deserve respecting/to be respected/our respect 4 vt.调整，调节 vi.& vt.适应，(使)习惯 (adjustment n.调整；适应 adjustable adj.可调节的；可调整的) adjust • adjust (oneself) to (doing) sth (使某人自己)适应(做)某事 adjust...to...调整……以适应…… • make adjustments/an adjustment(to sth)(对……)作出调整 (1)It took her a while to adjust to (live) alone. (2)I’ve made a few (adjust) to the design. (3)The focus of the telescope is (adjust)，which brings great convenience to the users. living adjustments adjustable (4)(应用文写作之求助信)我写信向您寻求一些关于如何适应新环境的建议。 I am writing to ask you for some advice on ___________________ _______________________. 写作佳句 how to adjust (myself) to the new surroundings (5)(应用文写作之道歉信)由于我没有及时调整相关的信息，给您带来了极大的不便，我写信向您道歉。 ①I am writing to apologize to you for ______________________ _________________，causing great inconvenience to you.(adjust) ②I am writing to apologize to you for _______________________ ，causing great inconvenience to you.(adjustment) 写作佳句 not adjusting the relevant information in time not making adjustments/an adjustment to the relevant information in time 5 vt.宣布，宣告，公布 (announcement n.宣告；通知 announcer n.播音员) announce • announce sth to sb＝announce to sb sth向某人宣布某事 It is/was announced that...据宣布…… • make an announcement (to)(向……)发布宣告或通知 (1)It (announce) that an agreement had been reached by the end of the meeting. was announced (2)(应用文写作之演讲稿)我很荣幸地宣布我将竞选学生会主席。 I am running for chairman of the Students’ Council. (3)(应用文写作之口头通知)请注意！我有一个公告要宣布。 Attention，please！ . 写作佳句 It’s my great honor/I’m honoured to announce that I have an announcement to make 6 强调句型 Professor Salovey，who invented the term EQ，gives the following description：at work，it is IQ that gets you employed，but it is EQ that gets you promoted.(P8，Para.2) 情商(EQ)一词的发明者沙洛维教授给出了以下描述：在工作中，智商(IQ)能帮你找到工作，但情商(EQ)能帮你升职。 结构分析：本句为复合句。who引导非限制性定语从句；it is IQ that...和it is EQ that...是两个强调句，其中 employed 和 promoted为过去分词作宾语补足语。 强调句型： (1)基本结构：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who... (2)一般疑问句结构：Is/Was it＋被强调部分＋that/who...? (3)特殊疑问句结构：特殊疑问词＋is/was it＋that...? (4)特殊结构：It is/was not until＋被强调部分＋that... (1)直到作为交换生去了美国他才意识到学好英语的重要性。 he went to America as an exchange student.(not...until) ＝_____________________________________________________ _____ he realized the importance of learning English well.(not until的强调句) 写作佳句 He didn’t realize the importance of learning English well until that It was not until he went to America as an exchange student (2)(应用文写作之感谢信)正是在你的专业指导下，我们的英语取得了如此迅速的进步。 we have made such rapid progress in English. 写作佳句 It is under your professional guidance that It is v.-ed that... 7 It is generally believed that people with high EQs are open to new ideas and have positive attitudes towards life.(P9，Para.4) 人们普遍认为，情商高的人容易接纳新思想，对待生活积极乐观。 结构分析：本句为复合句。其中it为形式主语，that引导的主语从句为真正的主语。 • It is believed that...人们认为/相信…… • It is said/known/thought/hoped/reported that... 据说/众所周知/人们认为/人们希望/据报道…… • 以上结构可以改为下列两种简单句形式： ①Sb/Sth＋be＋believed/said/known/thought/reported/...＋to do sth(不定式根据情况可用一般式、进行式或完成式)； ②People/Sb＋believe/say/think/report/...＋that... (应用文写作之活动介绍)人们相信音乐节不仅有趣而且有意义。 (1) the music festival will be not only interesting but also meaningful. (2) the music festival will be not only interesting but also meaningful. 写作佳句 It is believed that People believe that 8 几乎毫无疑问…… There is little doubt that... On the other hand，there is little doubt that people with low EQs often have problems getting on with other people and dealing with difficult situations...(P9，Para.4) 另一方面，情商低的人几乎毫无疑问往往在与人相处、解决困难方面存在问题…… 结构分析：本句为复合句。其中that引导的是同位语从句。 • There is some doubt whether...怀疑是否…… There is no doubt that...毫无疑问…… without doubt毫无疑问 be in doubt不确定 • don’t doubt that...不怀疑…… doubt whether/if...怀疑/不相信是否…… (1)I doubted my parents would agree that I had the right to manage my earnings. (2)There is no doubt they will help you when you are in trouble. whether/if that (3)(应用文写作之活动报道)毫无疑问，用自己的双手劳动而不是依靠别人是非常有意义的。 ① it is very meaningful to work with our own hands rather than depend on others.(doubt n.) ② it is very meaningful to work with our own hands rather than depend on others.(doubt vt.) 写作佳句 There is no doubt that We don’t doubt that 返 回 项目精讲 语法 45 阅读以下短文，感知加颜色部分的功能，并完成后面的题目 ①Lost in the forest，Tom felt helpless first but then he remained where he was，waiting for help to come.However，there’s no sign of anyone coming.②Although seriously injured，he continued to cry for help.Fortunately，a hunter appeared，③followed by his wolf dog.In no time，Tom was taken to hospital，④arm supported by the hunter.When he woke up in the following morning，he found himself ⑤taken good care of by nurses. 语境感悟 1.动词-ed 形式表示 或 的动作，作状语，可以单独使用，如①③；也可以在其前面加上适当的 ，如②。 2.动词-ed形式的逻辑主语必须与句子的主语保持一致，如果不一致，常在动词-ed形式前加上其逻辑主语，构成 结构，如④。 3.动词-ed形式还可以作 ， 与过去分词之间为被动关系，如⑤。 被动 已完成 连词 独立主格 宾语补足语 宾语 语法总览 语法精讲 动词-ed形式 一、过去分词(短语)作状语 (一)过去分词(短语)作状语的基本用法 过去分词(短语)作状语，表示被动的或完成的动作，这时句子的主语和过去分词之间为逻辑上的被动关系。在句中可以相当于一个时间状语从句、原因状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句或者作方式、伴随状语。 1.表示时间，相当于一个时间状语从句，有时过去分词前可加连词when或while来强调时间概念。 Asked about the quality guarantee (＝When he was asked about the quality guarantee)，the salesman didn’t respond. 当被问及质量保证时，推销员没有回答。 2.表示条件，相当于一个由unless，if等引导的条件状语从句。 Given more time(＝If it is given more time)，our association will achieve more. 假以时日，我们的协会会取得更多的成就。 3.表示原因，相当于一个由as，because等引导的原因状语从句。 Greatly inspired by the teacher’s words(＝Because he was greatly inspired by the teacher’s words)，he made up his mind to work at English even harder. 深受老师的话的激励，他决心更加努力地学习英语。 4.表示让步，相当于一个though/although引导的让步状语从句。 Beaten by the opposite team(＝Though we were beaten by the opposite team)，we didn’t lose heart but encouraged each other.虽然被对手的队伍打败了，但我们并没有灰心而是相互鼓励。 5.表示行为方式、伴随情况或补充说明，可位于句首或句末，可以扩展成一个状语从句或并列分句。 Followed by a group of students，the teacher entered the classroom. ＝The teacher entered the classroom and he was followed by a group of students. 老师走进教室，后面跟着一群学生。 注意： 1.过去分词(短语)作状语时，前面有时可以加上when，if，while，though，even if，unless等连词，这种结构可以看作是状语从句的省略形式。需要注意的是省略的主语必须和主句的主语相同。 Though warned of the storm(＝Though they had been warned of the storm)，the farmers were still working in the field.尽管被警告过有暴风雨，农民们仍然在田地里劳作。 2.有些过去分词因来源于系表结构，作状语时不表被动而表主动。这样的过去分词常常是表示身心状态或情绪的形容词。如：lost沉溺于；seated坐；dressed in穿着；tired of厌烦；faced with面临；accustomed to习惯于，devoted to 奉献于等。 Lost in thought，the architect didn’t hear the sound. 沉浸在思考之中，建筑师没听到那道声音。 (二)过去分词(短语)独立主格作状语 动词-ed形式(短语)作状语时，有时在前面加上自己的主语，这种带有自身主语的动词-ed形式被称为独立主格结构，这种独立结构通常在句中作状语，可表示时间、原因、条件等。 Extra money given to the poor，he felt very happy. ＝Because extra money was given to the poor，he felt very happy. 额外的钱给了穷人后，他感到很高兴。 (三)过去分词与现在分词作状语的区别 过去分词与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，即表示被动；现在分词与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，即表示主动。 Used for a long time，the book looks old.(被动关系)由于用了很长时间，这本书看上去陈旧。 Using the book，I find it very useful.(主动关系) 在使用这本书时，我发现它很有用。 注意：无论是现在分词还是过去分词，其逻辑主语必须和句子的主语一致。如果不一致，则必须用状语从句、独立主格结构等其他表达形式。 If caught，the police will punish the thief.(×) If caught，the thief will be punished by the police.(√) If the thief is caught，the police will punish him/her.(√) 二、过去分词(短语)作宾语补足语 1.作宾语补足语的过去分词和宾语之间的关系 及物动词的过去分词作宾语补足语时与宾语之间通常为被动关系；少数不及物动词(如fall，go，change等)的过去分词作宾语补足语时仅表示动作的完成；seat，hide，dress等的过去分词作宾语补足语时，一般表示宾语的状态，不表示被动或完成。 When I came in，I found the boy hidden behind the door. 我进来时发现这个男孩藏在门后面。 2.过去分词(短语)作宾语补足语的五种情况 (1)过去分词用在表状态的动词keep，leave等后面，构成“keep/leave/...＋n./pron.＋过去分词”形式。 Addicted to computer games，he left much homework unfinished. 他沉迷于电脑游戏，很多作业没有做完。 (2)用在表示“致使”意义的动词后面，构成“have/get/make＋n./pron.＋过去分词”形式。 They are going to have the entrance hall painted white.(表示“让某事被别人做”) 他们准备让人把门厅粉刷成白色。 He is trying to make himself understood. 他在努力把自己的意思说清楚。 (3)用在感官动词或表示心理状态的动词后面，如see，watch，observe，find，hear，feel，notice等，构成“see/watch/...＋n./pron.＋过去分词”形式。 She felt a great weight taken off her mind. 她觉得心里轻松多了。 The next morning people found the outside world completely changed. 第二天早上，人们发现外面的世界全变了。 (4)用在表示“希望、要求”意义的动词后面，如like，want，wish等，构成“like/want/...＋n./pron.＋过去分词”形式。 I wish the problem settled at the meeting. 我希望这个问题在会议上被解决。 (5)用在“with＋宾语＋宾补”结构中，宾语与过去分词在逻辑上存在被动关系。这一结构通常在句中作时间、方式、条件、原因等状语。 With many brightly colored flowers planted around it，her house looks like a beautiful garden. 由于周围种了许多色彩鲜艳的花，她的房子看上去就像一个漂亮的花园。 3.过去分词和现在分词作宾语补足语的区别 现在分词作宾语补足语，表示动词与宾语之间存在主谓关系。 Listen！Do you hear someone calling for help? 听！你听到有人正在呼喊救命吗？ I have heard the story told many times by the storyteller. 我听过讲故事的人讲过这个故事很多次了。 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1.We considered this matter (settle). 2.Highly (devote) to his occupation，he became a successful CEO in the end. 3.David had his wrist (injure) when he played basketball. 4.The plan successfully (carry) out，we all felt relieved. 5.Please keep us (inform) of the latest news. 6.The old man went into the room， (support) by his wife. 达标检测 settled devoted injured carried informed supported 7. (locate) on the coast of the East China Sea，the town has a history of more than 300 years and a population of 200,000. 8.The new technology，if (apply) to rice growing，will help increase the yield. 9. (live) far from the school，he has to get up early every morning. 10.When first (introduce) to the market，these new products from their company enjoyed a great success. Located applied Living introduced Ⅱ.完成句子 1. ，such a chance might never come again. 一旦失去，这样的机会可能永远不会再来。 2. ，I’ll do it much better. 如果再给我一次机会，我会做得更好。 3. ，the dictionary has been popular with readers ever since it came out two years ago. 由于被三位语言专家编辑，这本词典自从两年前上市以来就一直受到读者的欢迎。 Once lost Given another chance Edited by three language experts 4. ，in whatever form，all of us react both mentally and physically. 当暴露在压力之下时，不管以什么形式，我们所有的人都会从精神和身体上做出反应。 5. ，the girl visited the art gallery. 在妈妈的陪同下，女孩参观了美术馆。 When exposed to stress Accompanied by her mum 收集到了信息，我的职业生涯规划道路更加清晰。其他同学受到启发并下定决心，开始制定他们的计划。渐渐地，在支持性环境的滋养下，我们的梦想开始展翅飞翔。 3. ，my career planning path was clearer. Other classmates,4. ，began outlining their plans. Gradually，our dreams,5. ，started to take flight. The information gathered inspired and determined fostered by a supportive environment 返 回 本课结束 $$