精品解析：2012年上海高考英语试卷（秋考）（网络收集版）

2012年高考真题—英语(上海卷)解析版 考生注意： 1. 考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。 2. 本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。试卷分为第1卷(第1-12页)和第II卷(第13页)，全卷共13页。所有答题必须涂(选择题)或写(非选择题)在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。 3. 答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上。 第1卷(共105分) I. Listening Comprehension Section A Directions：In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. At a library. B. At a hotel. C. At a bank. D. At an airport. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. Relaxed. B. Annoyed. C. Worried. D. Satisfied. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. Doctor and patient. B. Shop owner and customer. C. Secretary and boss. D. Receptionist and guest. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. He would have thrown $300 around. B. $300 is not enough for the concert. C. Sandy shouldn’t have given that much. D. Dave must be mad with the money 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. She lives close to the man. B. She changes her mind at last. C. She will turn to her manager. D. She declines the man’s offer. 6. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. 2. B. 3. C. 4. D. 5. 7. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. Both of them drink too much coffee. B. The woman doesn’t like coffee at all. C. They help each other stop drinking coffee. D. The man is uninterested in the woman’s story 8. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. He doesn’t mind helping the woman. B. He hesitates whether to help or not. C. He’ll help if the woman doesn’t mind. D. He can’t help move the cupboard. 9. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. He’s planning to find a new job. B. He prefers to keep his house in a mess. C. He’s too busy to clean his house. D. He has already cleaned his new house, 10. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. She doesn’t agree with the man. B. She is good at finding a place to stay. C. She could hardly find the truth. D. She had no travel experience in Britain. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 11. A. Use the company’s equipment. B. Give orders to robots C. Make decisions for the company. D. Act as Big Brother. 12 A. Employees gain full freedom. B. Employees suspect one another. C. Employees’ children are happy. D. Employees enjoy working there. 13. A. Reward. B. Safety. C. Trust. D. Honesty 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 14. A. Canada had a smaller population. B. Land was cheaper in Canada. C. They wanted to continue the Revolution. D. They were against Britain. 15. A. They standardized Canadian English. B. They settled there after the Revolution. C They enjoy a very high social position. D. They make up a small part of the population. 16. A. It is considered unique to some extent. B. It is greatly influenced by French. C. It is mainly linked to British culture. D. It dates back to the late 17th century. Section C Directions: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet. 听下面一段较长对话，完成下面表格，每空一词。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Class Registration Form Name：Andrew Smith Department：The ____17____ Department Student ID：____18____ Class：The ____19____ class Time：____20____. 2：00-4：00 p.m. 听下面一段较长对话，完成下面表格，每空一词。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What was special about the Experiment group? The members were from different cities with different ____21____ and cultures. What did the girl le arm from the Experiment? Different people can be ____22____. How did the host family treat the girl? They treated her as ____23____. Why did the girl say language is not always important? Sometimes ____24____ can say more than words. II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence. 25. passion, people won’t have the motivation or the joy necessary for creative thinking. A. For B. Without C. Beneath D. By 26. Is honesty the best policy? We that it is when we are little. A. will teach B. teach C. are taught D. will be taught 27. As Jack left his membership card at home, he wasn’t allowed ________ into the sports club. A. going B. to go C. go D. gone 28. The new law states that people _______drive after drinking alcohol. A. wouldn’t B. needn’t C. won’t D. mustn’t 29. Only with the greatest of luck_______ to escape from the rising flood waters． A. managed she B. she managed C. did she manage D. she did manage 30. —I hear that Jason is planning to buy a car. —I know. By next month, he enough for a used one. A. will have saved B. will be saving C. has saved D. saves 31. When he took his gloves off , I noticed that one had his name written inside. A. each B. every C. other D. another 32. I have a tight budget for the trip, so I’m not going to fly ________ the airlines lower ticket prices. A. once B. if C. after D. unless 33. When Peter speaks in public, he always has trouble _ the right things to say. A. thinking of B. to think of C. thought of D. think of 34. There is much truth in the idea _ kindness is usually served by frankness. A. why B. which C. that D. whether 35. Have you sent thank-you notes to the relatives from _ _ you received gifts? A. which B. them C. that D. whom 36. The club, _ _ 25 years ago, is holding a party for past and present members. A. founded B. founding C. being founded D. to be founded 37. —Was it by cutting down staff she saved the firm? —No, it was by improving work efficiency. A. when B. what C. how D. that 38. — We’ve only got this small bookcase. Will that do? — No, _______ I am looking for is something much bigger and stronger. A. who B. that C. what D. which 39. "Genius" is a complicated concept, ________ many different factors. A. involved B. involving C. to involve D. being involved 40. The map is one of the best tools a man has __ he goes to a new place． A. whenever B. whatever C. wherever D. however Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. maintained B. serious C. indications D. figures E. anxious F. concern G. crisis H. decided I. available J. reversed Filmgoers should be told how many calories there are in the popcorn, ice cream and soft drinks that they buy in cinemas, according to the Food Standard Agency. Smaller popcorn buckets and drink cups should also be made ____41____, the nutrition inspector said. Tim Smith, chief executive of the agency, told The Times that cinemas should help to deal with the country’s overweight ____42____. “There is a misbelief that popcorn is calorie-free, but that is not the case. It is a ____43____ to us,” he said. “Portion sizes are also a big issue, and there seems to be increasingly big packs on sale.” He spoke as a number of food chains such as Pret A Manger, Wimpey and The Real Greek ____44____ to put calorie counts on all their menus. A trial scheme (试行方案) with 21 food companies took place last summer, and ____45____ are that consumers altered their buying habits when they realized the number of calories in a product. A consultation (征询意见) on the trial ends next month but Mr. Smith is already planning the second drive for American-style calorie counts and is ____46____ to win support from cinemas and other entertainment places, from football grounds to concert halls. Government ____47____ suggest that two thirds of adults and a third of children are overweight. If trends are not____48____, this could rise to almost nine in ten adults and two thirds of children by 2050, putting them at ____49____ risk of heart disease, cancer and other diseases. III. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. People on a college campus were more likely to give money to the March of Dimes if they were asked for a donation by a disabled woman in a wheelchair than if asked by a nondisabled woman. In another ___50___, subway riders in New York saw a man carrying a stick stumble (绊脚) and fall to the floor. Sometimes the victim had a large red birthmark on his___51___; sometimes he did not. In this situation, the victim was more likely to ___52___ aid if his face was spotless than if he had an unattractive birthmark. In ___53___ these and other research findings, two themes are ___54___ : we are more willing to help people we like for some reason and people we think___55___assistance. In some situations those who are physically attractive are more likely to receive aid. ___56___, in a field study researchers placed a completed application to graduate school in a telephone box at the airport. The application was ready to be ___57___ , but had apparently been "lost". The photo attached to the application was sometimes that of a very ___58___ person and sometimes that of a less attractive person. The measure of helping was whether the individual who found the envelope actually mailed it or not. Results showed that people were more likely to ____59____ the application if the person in the photo was physically attractive. The degree of ____60____ between the potential helper and the person in need is also important. For example people are more likely to help a stranger who is from the same country rather than a foreigner. In one study, shoppers on a busy street in Scotland were more likely to help a person wearing a(n) ____61____ T-shirt than a person wearing a T-shirt printed with offensive words. Whether a person receives help depends in part on the "worth" of the case. For example, shoppers in a supermarket were more likely to give someone____62____ to buy milk rather than to buy cookies, probably because milk is thought more essential for ____63____ than cookies. Passengers on a New York subway were more likely to help a man who fell to the ground if he appeared to be ____64____ rather than drunk. 50. A. study B. way C. word D. college 51. A. hand B. arm C. face D. back 52. A. refuse B. beg C. lose D. receive 53. A. challenging B. recording C. understanding D. publishing 54. A. important B. possible C. amusing D. missing 55. A. seek B. deserve C. obtain D. accept 56. A. At first B. Above all C. In addition D. For example 57. A. printed B. mailed C. rewritten D. signed 58. A. talented B. good-looking C. helpful D. hard-working 59. A. send in B. throw away C. fill out D. turn down 60. A. similarity B. friendship C. cooperation D. contact 61. A. expensive B. plain C. cheap D. strange 62. A. time B. instructions C. money D. chances 63. A. shoppers B. research C. children D. health 64. A. talkative B. handsome C. calm D. sick Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) Phil White has just returned from an 18,000-mile, around-the-world bicycle trip. White had two reasons for making this epic journey. First of all, he wanted to use the trip to raise money for charity, which he did. He raised £70,000 for the British charity, Oxfam. White’s second reason for making the trip was to break the world record and become the fastest person to cycle around the world. He is still waiting to find out if he has broken the record or not. White set off from Trafalgar Square, in London, on 19th June 2004 and was back 299 days later. He spent more than l,300 hours in the saddle (车座) and destroyed four sets of tyres and three bike chains. He had the adventure of his life crossing Europe, the Middle East, India, Asia, Australia, New Zealand and the Americas. Amazingly, he did all of this with absolutely no support team. No jeep carrying food, water and medicine. No doctor. Nothing! Just a bike and a very, very long road. The journey was lonely and desperate at times. He also had to fight his way across deserts, through jungles and over mountains. He cycled through heavy rains and temperatures of up to 45 degrees, all to help people in need. There were other dangers along the road. In Iran, he was chased by armed robbers and was lucky to escape with his life and the little money he had. The worst thing that happened to him was having to cycle into a headwind on a road that crosses the south of Australia. For l,000 kilometres he battled against the wind that was constantly pushing him. This part of the trip was slow, hard work and depressing, but he made it in the end. Now Mr.White is back and intends to write a book about his adventures. 65. When Phil White returned from his trip, he . A. broke the world record B. collected money for Oxfam C destroyed several bikes D. travelled about l,300 hours 66. What does the word “epic” in Paragraph l most probably mean? A. Very slow but exciting. B. Very long and difficult. C. Very smooth but tiring. D. Very lonely and depressing. 67. During his journey around the world, Phil White _ . A. fought heroically against robbers in Iran B. experienced the extremes of heat and cold C. managed to ride against the wind in Australia D. had a team of people who travelled with him 68. Which of the following words can best describe Phil White? A. Imaginative. B. Patriotic. C. Modest. D. Determined. (B) The value-packed, all-inclusive sight-seeing package that combines the best of Sydney’s harbour, city, bay and beach highlights. A SydneyPass gives you unlimited and flexible travel on the Explorer Buses: the ‘red’ Sydney Explorer shows you around our exciting city sights while the ‘blue’ Bondi Explorer visits Sydney Harbour bays and famous beaches. Take to the water on one of three magnificent daily harbour cruises (游船). You can also travel free on regular Sydney Buses, Sydney Ferries or CityRail services (limited area), so you can go to every corner of this beautiful city. Imagine browsing at Darling Harbour, sampling the famous seafood at Watsons Bay or enjoying the city lights on an evening ferry cruise. The possibilities and plans are endless with a SydneyPass. Wherever you decide to go, remember that bookings are not required on any of our services so tickets are treated on a first in, first seated basis. SydneyPasses are available for 3, 5 or 7 days for use over a 7 calendar day period. With a 3 or 5 day pass you choose on which days out of the 7 you want to use it. All SydneyPasses include a free Airport Express inward trip before starting your 3, 5 or 7 days, and the return trip is valid (育效的) for 2 months from the first day your ticket was used. SydneyPass Fares *A child is defined as anyone from the ages of 4 years to under 16 years. Children under 4 years travel free. **A family is defined as 2 adults and any number of children from 4 to under 16 years of age from the same family. 69. A SydneyPass doesn’t offer unlimited rides on A. the Explorer Buses B. the harbour cruises C. regular Sydney Buses D. CityRail services 70. With a SydneyPass, a traveller can _. A. save fares from and to the airport B. take the Sydney Explorer to beaches C. enjoy the famous seafood for free D. reserve seats easily in a restaurant 71. If 5-day tickets were to be recommended to a mother who travelled with her colleague and her children, aged 3, 6 and 10, what would the lowest cost be? A. $225. B. $300. C. $360. D. $420. (C) Researchers in the psychology department at the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) have discovered a major difference in the way men and women respond to stress. This difference may explain why men are more likely to suffer from stress-related disorders. Until now, psychological research has maintained that both men and women have the same “fight-or-flight” reaction to stress. In other words, individuals either react with aggressive behavior, such as verbal or physical conflict (“fight”), or they react by withdrawing from the stressful situation (“flight”). However, the UCLA research team found that men and women have quite different biological and behavioral responses to stress. While men often react to stress in the fight-or-flight response, women often have another kind of reaction which could be called “tend and befriend.” That is, they often react to stressful conditions by protecting and nurturing their young (“tend”), and by looking for social contact and support from others — especially other females (“befriend”). Scientists have long known that in the fight-or- flight reaction to stress, an important role is played by certain hormones (激素) released by the body. The UCLA research team suggests that the female tend-or-befriend response is also based on a hormone. This hormone, called oxytocin, has been studied in the context of childbirth, but now it is being studied for its role in the response of both men and women to stress. The principal investigator, Dr. Shelley E. Taylor, explained that ”animals and people with high levels of oxytocin are calmer, more relaxed, more social, and less anxious.“ While men also secrete (分泌) oxytocin, its effects are reduced by male hormones. In terms of everyday behavior, the UCLA study found that women are far more likely than men to seek social contact when they are feeling stressed. They may phone relatives or friends, or ask directions if they are lost. The study also showed how fathers and mothers responded differently when they came home to their family after a stressful day at work. The typical father wanted to be left alone to enjoy some peace and quiet. For a typical mother, coping with a bad day at work meant focusing her attention on her children and their needs. The differences in responding to stress may explain the fact that women have lower frequency of stress-related disorders such as high blood pressure or aggressive behavior. The tend-and-befriend regulatory (调节的) system may protect women against stress, and this may explain why women on average live longer than men. 72. The UCLA study shows that in response to stress, men are more likely than women to . A. turn to friends for help B. solve a conflict calmly C. find an escape from reality D. seek comfort from children 73. Which of the following is true about oxytocin according to the passage? A. Men have the same level of oxytocin as women do. B. Oxytocin used to be studied in both men and women. C. Both animals and people have high levels of oxytocin. D. Oxytocin has more of an effect on women than on men. 74. What can be learned from the passage? A. Male hormones help build up the body’s resistance to stress. B. In a family a mother cares more about children than a father does. C. Biological differences lead to different behavioral responses to stress. D. The UCLA study was designed to confirm previous research findings. 75. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage? A. How men and women get over stress B. How men and women suffer from stress C. How researchers overcome stress problems D. How researchers handle stress-related disorders Section C Directions: Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from A-F for each paragraph. There is one extra heading which you do not need. ____76____ Learning to read early has become one of those indicators - in parents’ minds at least – that their child is smart. In fact, reading early has very little to do with whether a child is successful academically. Research has shown that difficulty with reading is often due not to inferior intelligence but to differences in the developmental wiring of each individual child. In some cases, there are neurological problems and developmental lags that can be overcome with proper training. ____77____ Traditionally, American schools teach children at age six, but many schools begin teaching informally in kindergarten and pre-kindergarten. If parents start too early to encourage reading,and a child does not immediately succeed, the parent has a hard time relaxing and letting the child go at his or her own pace. ____78____ Over the years, research has proved that the use of both the “whole language” method and the “phonic” method works best for a child to master reading. While the whole language approach, which includes reading to children and getting them interested in both the activity of reading and the story they are reading, is helpful, phonics must be taught. Children must be taught that one of the squiggles they see is a “p” and another a “b”. Getting the print off the page requires a different ability than being able to understand the meaning of what is written. ____79____ You can start developing the skills needed in reading at a very young age without putting any pressure on children. Besides reading to them, parents can start “ear training” their child by playing rhyme games. This develops the child’s ability to recognize different sounds. In reading to children, parents also can point to words as they go, teaching the child that the funny lines on the page are the words you are saying. All this should be a fun activity. ____80____ Once a child is in school, the learning of reading is inevitably more serious. For children who have some kind of reading difficulty, you must get a professional diagnosis. While the teacher might say the child is merely disinterested but will get over it, disinterest or poor performance in reading can stem from a number of things, some being very specific learning disabilities that can be identified and worked on. But it is very tricky for parents to deal with their own child’s learning disabilities. A. When a child should learn to read B. Why it is fun to teach a child reading C. What if a child has reading problems D. How you prepare a young child for reading E. What is the best way to teach a child reading F. Whether reading early promises later achievements Section D Directions: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words. While contact between adolescents (between the ages of fifteen and nineteen) and their peers (同龄人) is a universal characteristic of all cultures, the nature and the degree of such contact vary a great deal. In American contemporary society, adolescents spend much more time with their peers than with younger children or adults. This pattern of age segregation (隔离) in American society did not become usual until the beginning of the industrialized society. Changes in the workplace separated children from adults, with adults working and children attending school. The dramatic increase of mothers in the workplace has further contributed to the reduction in the amount of time adolescents spend with adults. School reform efforts during the nineteenth century, which resulted in age-segregated schools and grades, have reduced the amount of time adolescents spend with younger children. Finally, the changes in population are considered a factor that may have contributed to the emergence of adolescent peer culture. From 1955 to 1975, the adolescent population increased dramatically, from 11 percent to 20.9 percent. This increase in the number of adolescents might be a contributing factor to the increase in adolescent peer culture in terms of growth in size. Research supports the view that adolescents spend a great deal of time with their peers. Reed Larson and his colleagues examined adolescents’ daily activities and found that they spend more time talking to their friends than engaging in any other activity. In a typical week, high school students will spend twice as much time with their peers as with adults. This gradual withdrawal from adults begins in early adolescence. In sixth grade, adults (excluding parents) account for only 25 percent of adolescent social networks. Another important characteristic of adolescent peer culture is its increasingly autonomous (自治的) function. While childhood peer groups are conducted under the close supervision of parents, adolescent peer groups typically make an effort to escape adult supervision and usually succeed in doing so. (Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS.) 81. “This pattern of age segregation” refers to the phenomenon that adolescents segregate themselves from ________________. 82. Besides changes in the workplace, ________________ are the other two factors contributing to adolescent peer culture. 83. When do adolescents start to spend less time with adults? ________________________________________________________________________________ 84. How do adolescent peer groups differ from childhood peer groups? ________________________________________________________________________________ 第II卷(共45分) I. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 85. 她五年前开始拉小提琴。(play) (汉译英) ________________________________________________________________________________ 86. 由于天气恶劣，航班延误了好几个小时。(owing) (汉译英) ________________________________________________________________________________ 87. 每位设计师都希望自己的作品能经受时间的考验。(stand) (汉译英) ________________________________________________________________________________ 88. 能否抵御网络游戏的诱惑是摆在中学生面前的一道难题。(It) (汉译英) ________________________________________________________________________________ 89. 在展览会上，公司销售经理展示了孩子们翘首以盼的新型电子玩具。(demonstrate) (汉译英) ________________________________________________________________________________ II. Guided Writing 90. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 上周一，你在一所小学观摩了小女孩Amy所在班级的两堂绘画课（如图所示），回家后你用英语写了一篇日记，内容包括： ● 对两堂绘画课的具体描述； ● 你从中获得的启发。 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2012年高考真题—英语(上海卷)解析版 考生注意： 1. 考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。 2. 本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。试卷分为第1卷(第1-12页)和第II卷(第13页)，全卷共13页。所有答题必须涂(选择题)或写(非选择题)在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。 3. 答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上。 第1卷(共105分) I. Listening Comprehension Section A Directions：In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. At a library. B. At a hotel. C. At a bank. D. At an airport. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】W: Hello, may I help you? M: Yes, we would like to check into our room. Q: Where does the conversation most probably take place? 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. Relaxed. B. Annoyed. C. Worried. D. Satisfied. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】W: Come on, John! Relax! What can go wrong? M: At my first job interview? Plenty. Q: How does the man feel? 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. Doctor and patient. B. Shop owner and customer. C. Secretary and boss. D. Receptionist and guest. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】M: Good morning, madam, what can I do for you? W: Well, someone at the hotel suggested I come here to buy a coat. Q: What’s the probable relationship between the two speakers? 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. He would have thrown $300 around. B. $300 is not enough for the concert. C. Sandy shouldn’t have given that much. D. Dave must be mad with the money 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】W: I gave Dave 300 dollars for his sponsored concert. M: 300 dollars? Sandy, you must be mad! I wish I had 300 dollars to throw round like that. Q: What does the man mean? 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. She lives close to the man. B. She changes her mind at last. C. She will turn to her manager. D. She declines the man’s offer. 【答案】D 【解析】 【原文】M: Shall I come and take you to the railway station? W: No, thanks, I’ll manage. It’s not far any way. Q: What can we learn about the woman? 6. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. 2. B. 3. C. 4. D. 5. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】W: How many children have you got? M: Two. John’s five and Clair’s four. And there’s another one on the way. Q: How many children will the man most probably have? 7. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. Both of them drink too much coffee. B. The woman doesn’t like coffee at all. C. They help each other stop drinking coffee. D. The man is uninterested in the woman’s story 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】W: Do you know how I can stop drinking too much coffee? M: No, but I wish I did. I spend too much money at cafes. Q: What can we learn from the conversation? 8. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. He doesn’t mind helping the woman. B. He hesitates whether to help or not. C. He’ll help if the woman doesn’t mind. D. He can’t help move the cupboard. 【答案】D 【解析】 【原文】W: Could you give me a hand moving this cupboard, please? M: Well, I’d rather not if you don’t mind. I’m not feeling well today. Q: What does the man mean? 9. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. He’s planning to find a new job. B. He prefers to keep his house in a mess. C. He’s too busy to clean his house. D. He has already cleaned his new house, 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】M: Tom’s house is a mess! Doesn’t he ever clean it? W: I guess he just has too much ails on his mind with that new job. Q: What can we learn about Tom? 10. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. She doesn’t agree with the man. B. She is good at finding a place to stay. C. She could hardly find the truth. D. She had no travel experience in Britain. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】M: I didn’t have any trouble in finding accommodation in Britain. W: According to my experience, it sounds too good to be true. Q: what does the woman mean? Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 11. A. Use the company’s equipment. B. Give orders to robots C. Make decisions for the company. D. Act as Big Brother. 12. A. Employees gain full freedom. B. Employees suspect one another. C. Employees’ children are happy. D. Employees enjoy working there. 13. A. Reward. B. Safety. C. Trust. D. Honesty 【答案】11. A 12. D 13. C 【解析】 【原文】 Well, I own a small data processing company, in which I employ about eight to ten workers. And the point I want to make has to do with trust. I know it’s possible to force people to be 100% efficient. But I think when you do that, you lose confidence and trust. I let my employees use our equipment and make personal phone calls. They are more than welcome to decide what is right and wrong. Because I think you can’t run a company by just giving orders to robots and watching them like big brother, right? I think you have to trust people and give them a little freedom. And also, as far as phone calls and all that go, I want my people to call home and check on their children and know their children are safe and sound. As a result, I have devoted employees who are willing to go that extra mile and I can honestly say they show up to work smiling. So I get more satisfaction and rewards by trusting my employees than by suspecting them of doing something wrong. Questions: 11. Which of the following does the speaker allow his employees to do? 12. What result does the speaker expect to see under his management? 13. What does the speaker consider important in running a small company? 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 14. A. Canada had a smaller population. B. Land was cheaper in Canada. C. They wanted to continue the Revolution. D. They were against Britain. 15. A. They standardized Canadian English. B. They settled there after the Revolution. C. They enjoy a very high social position. D. They make up a small part of the population. 16. A. It is considered unique to some extent. B. It is greatly influenced by French. C. It is mainly linked to British culture. D. It dates back to the late 17th century. 【答案】14. B 15. D 16. A 【解析】 【原文】The roots of Canadian English can be found in the events which followed the American revolution of 1776. Those who had supported Britain found themselves unable to stay in the new United States, and most went to Canada. They were soon followed by many thousands who were attracted by the cheapness of land. Within 50 years, the population of upper Canada had reached 100 thousand, mainly people from the United States. In the east, the Atlantic provinces had been settled by English speakers as early as the 15th century, but even today, these areas contain less than ten per cent of the population, so that they have only a limited role in the development of Canadian English. In Quebec, the majority of people use French as a mother tone. Here English and French exist together but uneasily. Because of its origins, Canadian English has a great deal in common with the rest of the English spoken in North America, and is often difficult to distinguish for people who live outside the region. To British people, Canadians may sound American; to Americans, they may sound British. Canadians themselves insist on not being identified with either, and certainly, there is a great deal of evidence in support of this view. Questions: 14. Why did many Americans leave for Canada after the revolution? 15. What can we learn about people in the Atlantic Provinces? 16. What conclusion can be drawn about Canadian English from this passage? Section C Directions: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet. 听下面一段较长对话，完成下面表格，每空一词。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Class Registration Form Name：Andrew Smith Department：The ____17____ Department Student ID：____18____ Class：The ____19____ class Time：____20____. 2：00-4：00 p.m. 【答案】17. History 18. HD3309 19. photography 20. Tuesday 【解析】 【原文】A: Good morning, Leeds University students registration center. B: Good morning, I need to register for a class. A: OK. May I take your name, please? B: Sure, it’s Andrew Smith. A: Which department do you study with? B: The history department. A: May I have your student ID? B: HD3309. A: What class are you trying to take? B: I want to take a photography class. A: Well, there’re only two classes open. B: Can you tell me what days the classes are on? A: One is on Tuesday, from 2 pm. to 4 pm. B: And the other? A: From 10:00 to 12:00 on Thursday. B: OK, sign me up for the class on Tuesday. A: Very well, then. 听下面一段较长对话，完成下面表格，每空一词。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What was special about the Experiment group? The members were from different cities with different ____21____ and cultures. What did the girl le arm from the Experiment? Different people can be ____22____. How did the host family treat the girl? They treated her as ____23____. Why did the girl say language is not always important? Sometimes ____24____ can say more than words. 【答案】21. religions 22. good friends##more than friends /like a family 23. their daughter 24. a simple smile 【解析】 【原文】A: Welcome to our program, Anny. Please tell our audience the best things about the experiment in international living. B: Well, my group was great! And I love my host family. A: Can you tell us about your group? B: Well, we were all high school students from the US. But we were very different. A: You mean from different cities, with different religions and cultures? B: Yes, and I was existed about that. We learnt that we weren’t really so different. A: What do you mean? B: Well, we became such good friends. More than friends, we were like a family. A: Wonderful. I’d like to know more about your host family. B: Oh, I loved my host family in Costa Rica. They were my family, too. I felt like I was their daughter. A: So nice! Did you have any problems speaking with them? B: No, not really. Actually, I learnt a lot of Spanish from them. And I also learnt that language is not always so important. A: What do you mean? B: Well, in some cases, a simple smile can say more than words. A: Thanks so much, Anny. II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence. 25. passion, people won’t have the motivation or the joy necessary for creative thinking. A. For B. Without C. Beneath D. By 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：没有激情，人们就不会有创造性思维所必需的动力和快乐。A. For为了；B. Without没有；C. beneath在……之下；D. By通过；被；在……旁边。根据“people won’t have the motivation or the joy necessary for creative thinking”可知，没有激情，创造性思维所必需的动力和快乐是不会出现的。故选B。 26. Is honesty the best policy? We that it is when we are little. A. will teach B. teach C. are taught D. will be taught 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：诚信是最好的准则吗？我们小的时候就被教会了这个道理。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查一般现在时的被动结构，主语We和动词teach 是被动的关系，所以要用被动语态，be动词用are。故选C。 27. As Jack left his membership card at home, he wasn’t allowed ________ into the sports club. A. going B. to go C. go D. gone 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：因为杰克把会员卡忘在家里了，他不被允许进入体育俱乐部。此处为固定搭配be allowed to do sth.译为“被允许做某事”。故选B。 28. The new law states that people _______drive after drinking alcohol. A. wouldn’t B. needn’t C. won’t D. mustn’t 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：新法律规定酒后不能开车。A. wouldn’t不愿意；B. needn’t不需要；C. won’t不愿意；D. mustn’t禁止。这里提到法律，因此四个情态动词否定形式中，用mustn’t表示“明令禁止”。故选D。 29. Only with the greatest of luck_______ to escape from the rising flood waters． A. managed she B. she managed C. did she manage D. she did manage 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查倒装句：句意：只有有最大的幸运她才能逃离上升的洪水。本题考查 Only接状语放句首时的部分倒装，既把情态动词，be 动词或者助动词充当的部分谓语提前，故答案为 C。 30. —I hear that Jason is planning to buy a car. —I know. By next month, he enough for a used one. A. will have saved B. will be saving C. has saved D. saves 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：——我听说Jason计划买一辆车。——我知道。到下个月，他就攒够了足够的钱买一辆二手车。根据句意和句中时间状语by next month（下个月之前）可知，讲述将来某一时间前已经完成的事情，应用将来完成时。故选A项。 31. When he took his gloves off , I noticed that one had his name written inside. A. each B. every C. other D. another 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查代词。句意：当他把手套摘下时，我注意到每只手套里面都写着他的名字。A. each 各自，每个；B. every 每个；C. other 其他的；D. another 另一个，又一个。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查代词，表示“每一”的意思，强调个体。every 强调总体，each表示个体。故选A。 32. I have a tight budget for the trip, so I’m not going to fly ________ the airlines lower ticket prices. A. once B. if C. after D. unless 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查连词意义辨析。句意：我的旅行预算很紧张，所以除非航空公司降低票价，否则我不会选择坐飞机。A. once 一旦；B. if 如果；C. after 在……之后；D. unless 除非。由语意可知，说话人预算紧张，说明其唯一可能乘机的条件是机票降价，除非机票降价了，否则不打算乘机。故选D项。 33. When Peter speaks in public he always has trouble _ the right things to say. A. thinking of B. to think of C. thought of D. think of 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当Peter在公众场合说话的时候，他总是很难想到合适的说话的内容。have trouble（in） doing sth 做某事有困难。故选A项。 34. There is much truth in the idea _ kindness is usually served by frankness. A. why B. which C. that D. whether 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：这是很有道理的想法，坦率往往有助于友善。前面有一个名词idea，后面句子成分完整，所以不可能为定语从句，又因为从句的内容就是解释名词 idea，所以判断该句为同位语从句，故选C。 35. Have you sent thank-you notes to the relatives from _ _ you received gifts? A. which B. them C. that D. whom 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：到礼物后，你给亲戚们寄过感谢信吗?首先从前后两个句子的谓语判断该空为关系代词，所以排除B，前面有介词from，排除C，又根据receive sth. from sb.，看出后面从句成分不完整，所以该句为定语从句，先行词是thank-you notes，在定语从句中做from的宾语，介词后面用which 指物，故选D。 36. The club, _ _ 25 years ago, is holding a party for past and present members. A. founded B. founding C. being founded D. to be founded 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：那个建于二十五年前的俱乐部正在为新老会员举行晚会。club与found是动宾关系，即俱乐部被修建，应该用过去分词表被动和完成，排除B；C项表示正在被建，D项表示将要被建，根据句意可知，俱乐部建于25年前，排除C、D，故选A。 37. —Was it by cutting down staff she saved the firm? —No, it was by improving work efficiency. A. when B. what C. how D. that 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查强调句。句意：——她是通过裁员拯救了公司吗？——不，是通过提高工作效率。前句使用强调句句型was it+被强调部分+that+其他部分，为强调句的一般疑问句句式，强调by cutting down staff，所以空处应用that。故选D。 38. — We’ve only got this small bookcase. Will that do? — No, _______ I am looking for is something much bigger and stronger. A. who B. that C. what D. which 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：——我们只有这个小书架。那个可以吗？——不，我要找的是更大更结实的东西。“_______ I am looking for”是主语从句，该从句中缺少am looking for的宾语，且表示“……的东西”，所以应用what引导该从句。故选C。 39. "Genius" is a complicated concept, ________ many different factors. A. involved B. involving C. to involve D. being involved 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：“天才”是一个复杂的概念，涉及到许多不同的因素。空格处是定语。是这个概念的内容本身包含，用现在分词做定语，所以排除 A 和 D，而这个概念现在本身就包含，所以排除表示将来的C。故选B。 40. The map is one of the best tools a man has __ he goes to a new place． A. whenever B. whatever C. wherever D. however 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：无论何时他去一个新地方，这幅地图都是他最好的工具。A. whenever无论何时（在句中作时间状语）；B. whatever无论什么（在句中作主语）；C. wherever无论什么地方（在句中作地点状语）；D. however无论如何（在句中作方式状语）。由句意可知，本句缺乏时间状语，用whenever。故A正确。 Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. maintained B. serious C. indications D. figures E. anxious F. concern G. crisis H. decided I. available J. reversed Filmgoers should be told how many calories there are in the popcorn, ice cream and soft drinks that they buy in cinemas, according to the Food Standard Agency. Smaller popcorn buckets and drink cups should also be made ____41____, the nutrition inspector said. Tim Smith, chief executive of the agency, told The Times that cinemas should help to deal with the country’s overweight ____42____. “There is a misbelief that popcorn is calorie-free, but that is not the case. It is a ____43____ to us,” he said. “Portion sizes are also a big issue, and there seems to be increasingly big packs on sale.” He spoke as a number of food chains such as Pret A Manger Wimpey and The Real Greek ____44____ to put calorie counts on all their menus. A trial scheme (试行方案) with 21 food companies took place last summer, and ____45____ are that consumers altered their buying habits when they realized the number of calories in a product. A consultation (征询意见) on the trial ends next month but Mr. Smith is already planning the second drive for American-style calorie counts and is ____46____ to win support from cinemas and other entertainment places, from football grounds to concert halls. Government ____47____ suggest that two thirds of adults and a third of children are overweight. If trends are not____48____, this could rise to almost nine in ten adults and two thirds of children by 2050, putting them at ____49____ risk of heart disease, cancer and other diseases. 【答案】41. I 42. G 43. F 44. H 45. C 46. E 47. D 48. J 49. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述人们在看电影时买的爆米花和冰淇淋实际上含有大量的热量，会导致发胖。 【41题详解】 考查形容词。句意：营养检查员说，小份的爆米花和饮料也应该是可以买得到的。根据上文“Smaller popcorn buckets and drink cups should also be made”以及意思可知，这里需要形容词做补语。available意为“可得到的，可买到的”，符合句意。故选I。 【42题详解】 考查名词。句意：局里的首席执行官提姆史密斯先生跟《纽约时报》说，电影院应帮助处理国家超重人过多的危机。根据“deal with the country’s overweight”和意思可知，这里需要名词作宾语，crisis意为“危机”，符合句意。故选G。 【43题详解】 考查名词。句意：这对我们来说是一件值得关心的事。根据“There is a misbelief that popcorn is calorie-free, but that is not the case.(有一种误解认为爆米花不含卡路里，但事实并非如此)”和意思可知，这里需要可数名词单数形式，做表语。concern意为“关心的事，重要的事”，符合句意。故选F。 【44题详解】 考查动词。句意：他说的时候，许多如Pret A Manger、Wimpey和The Real Greek食品连锁店决定在所有菜单上标明卡路里数量。根据“to put calorie counts on all their menus”和意思可知，这里需要谓语动词，并且是一般过去时，decided意为“决定”，符合句意。故选H。 【45题详解】 考查名词。句意：21家食品公司的试行方案在去年夏天开始实施，并且，有迹象表明，当消费者意识到产品上面的卡路里数量时，他们会改变他们的购买习惯。根据“consumers altered their buying habits when they realized the number of calories in a product”和意思可知，空格后面的谓语动词是are，所以这里需要可数名词复数做主语。indications意为“迹象”，符合句意。故选C。 【46题详解】 考查形容词。句意：试验的咨询工作将于下月结束，但史密斯先生已经在计划第二次推动美国式的卡路里计算，并急于赢得电影院和从足球场到音乐厅等其他娱乐场所的支持。根据“to win support from cinemas and other entertainment places, from football grounds to concert halls”和意思可知，这里需要形容词做表语。anxious意为“渴望的”，符合句意。故选E。 【47题详解】 考查名词。句意：政府数字表明2/3的成年人和1/3的儿童体重超重。根据“two thirds of adults and a third of children are overweight”和意思可知，这里要用可数名词复数形式做主语。figures意为“数字”，符合句意。故选D。 【48题详解】 考查动词。句意：如果这种趋势不彻底改变，那么，到2050年9/10的成年人和2/3的儿童超重，这将使他们处于严重的心脏病，癌症和其他疾病风险当中。根据“this could rise to almost nine in ten adults and two thirds of children by 2050”和意思可知，这里需要动词，和主语trends是被动关系，所以用过去分词形式，和前面的are一起做谓语，表被动。reversed意为“彻底改变”，符合句意。故选J。 【49题详解】 考查形容词。句意：如果这种趋势不彻底改变，那么，到2050年9/10的成年人和2/3的儿童超重，这将使他们处于严重的心脏病，癌症和其他疾病风险当中。根据“risk of heart disease, cancer and other diseases”和意思可知，这里需要形容词修饰后面的名词risk。serious意为“严重的”，符合句意。故选B。 III. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. People on a college campus were more likely to give money to the March of Dimes if they were asked for a donation by a disabled woman in a wheelchair than if asked by a nondisabled woman. In another ___50___, subway riders in New York saw a man carrying a stick stumble (绊脚) and fall to the floor. Sometimes the victim had a large red birthmark on his___51___; sometimes he did not. In this situation, the victim was more likely to ___52___ aid if his face was spotless than if he had an unattractive birthmark. In ___53___ these and other research findings, two themes are ___54___ : we are more willing to help people we like for some reason and people we think___55___assistance. In some situations, those who are physically attractive are more likely to receive aid. ___56___, in a field study researchers placed a completed application to graduate school in a telephone box at the airport. The application was ready to be ___57___ , but had apparently been "lost". The photo attached to the application was sometimes that of a very ___58___ person and sometimes that of a less attractive person. The measure of helping was whether the individual who found the envelope actually mailed it or not. Results showed that people were more likely to ____59____ the application if the person in the photo was physically attractive. The degree of ____60____ between the potential helper and the person in need is also important. For example, people are more likely to help a stranger who is from the same country rather than a foreigner. In one study, shoppers on a busy street in Scotland were more likely to help a person wearing a(n) ____61____ T-shirt than a person wearing a T-shirt printed with offensive words. Whether a person receives help depends in part on the "worth" of the case. For example, shoppers in a supermarket were more likely to give someone____62____ to buy milk rather than to buy cookies, probably because milk is thought more essential for ____63____ than cookies. Passengers on a New York subway were more likely to help a man who fell to the ground if he appeared to be ____64____ rather than drunk. 50. A. study B. way C. word D. college 51. A. hand B. arm C. face D. back 52. A. refuse B. beg C. lose D. receive 53. A. challenging B. recording C. understanding D. publishing 54. A. important B. possible C. amusing D. missing 55. A. seek B. deserve C. obtain D. accept 56. A. At first B. Above all C. In addition D. For example 57. A. printed B. mailed C. rewritten D. signed 58. A. talented B. good-looking C. helpful D. hard-working 59. A. send in B. throw away C. fill out D. turn down 60. A. similarity B. friendship C. cooperation D. contact 61. A. expensive B. plain C. cheap D. strange 62. A. time B. instructions C. money D. chances 63. A. shoppers B. research C. children D. health 64. A. talkative B. handsome C. calm D. sick 【答案】50. A 51. C 52. D 53. C 54. A 55. B 56. D 57. B 58. B 59. A 60. A 61. B 62. C 63. D 64. D 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，出于某种原因，我们更愿意帮助我们喜欢的人和我们认为值得帮助的人。 【50题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在另一项研究中，纽约的地铁乘客看到一名手持拐棍的男子摔倒在地上。A. study研究；B. way方式；C. word单词；D. college大学。根据下文“In ___4___ these and other research findings”和“___7___, in a field study”可知，此处指在另一份研究中。故选A。 【51题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：有时，受害者的脸上有一个大大的红色胎记；有时他没有。A. hand手；B. arm胳膊；C. face脸；D. back背。根据下文“In this situation, the victim was more likely to ___3___ aid if his face was spotless than if he had an unattractive birthmark.”可知，受害者脸上有一个巨大的红色胎记。故选C。 【52题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在这种情况下，如果受害者的脸一尘不染，比如果他有一个难看的胎记，更有可能收到救助。A. refuse拒绝；B. beg乞求；C. lose失去；D. receive收到。根据下文“In some situations, those who are physically attractive are more likely to receive aid.”可知，此处指收到救助。故选D。 【53题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在理解这些和其他研究发现时，有两个主题很重要：我们更愿意帮助出于某些原因喜欢的人，以及我们认为值得帮助的人。A. challenging挑战；B. recording记录；C. understanding理解，了解；D. publishing出版。根据语境及常识可知，此处指了解这些研究发现和其他研究结果。故选C。 【54题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在理解这些和其他研究发现时，有两个主题很重要：我们更愿意帮助出于某些原因喜欢的人，以及我们认为值得帮助的人。A. important重要的；B. possible可能的；C. amusing娱乐的；D. missing失去的。根据语境可知，此处指在了解这些和其他研究结果过程中，发现两个重要的主题。故选A。 【55题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在理解这些和其他研究发现时，有两个主题很重要：我们更愿意帮助出于某些原因喜欢的人，以及我们认为值得帮助的人。A. seek寻找；B. deserve值得；C. obtain获得；D. accept接受。根据下文“Whether a person receives help depends in part on the "worth" of the case.”及常识可知，人们更愿意帮助他们认为值得帮助的人。故选B。 【56题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：例如，在一项实地研究中，研究人员把一份完整的研究生入学申请放在机场的电话亭里。A. At first最初；B. Above all首先；C. In addition此外；D. For example例如。根据上文“In some situations, those who are physically attractive are more likely to receive aid.”可知，下文在举例说明。故选D。 【57题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：申请已经准备好被邮寄了，但显然“丢了”。A. printed印刷；B. mailed邮寄；C. rewritten重写；D. signed签署。根据下文“The measure of helping was whether the individual who found the envelope actually mailed it or not.”可知，此处指申请被邮寄。故选B。 【58题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：附在申请表上的照片有时是一个非常好看的人，有时是一个不那么有吸引力的人的。A. talented有才能的；B. good-looking好看的；C. helpful有帮助的；D. hard-working勤奋的。根据下文“if the person in the photo was physically attractive.”可知，附在申请上的照片有时是一张是相貌好看的，有时是一张不太有吸引力的人。故选B。 【59题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：结果表明，如果照片上的人长得好看，人们更有可能递送申请。A. send in递送；B. throw away扔掉；C. fill out填写；D. turn down调低，拒绝。根据上文“In some situations, those who are physically attractive are more likely to receive aid.”可知，如果照片上的人长得好看，人们更有可能递送申请。故选A。 【60题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在潜在的助手和有需要的人之间的相似程度也很重要。A. similarity相似；B. friendship友谊；C. cooperation合作；D. contact联系。根据下文“For example, people are more likely to help a stranger who is from the same country rather than a foreigner.”可知，此处指在潜在的助手和有需要的人之间的相似程度。故选A。 【61题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：穿着T恤上印上挑衅的话和穿着朴素的T恤的人相对比，人们更愿意帮助穿着朴素T恤的人。A. expensive昂贵的；B. plain普通的；C. cheap便宜的；D. strange奇怪的。根据下文“than a person wearing a T-shirt printed with offensive words.”可知，此处指朴素T恤。故选B。 【62题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：例如，超市里的购物者更有可能给别人钱去买牛奶而不是买饼干，可能是因为对健康来说，牛奶被认为比饼干更不可缺少。A. time时间；B. instructions说明；C. money钱；D. chances机会。根据下文“to buy milk rather than to buy cookies”及常识可知，此处指给钱买牛奶。故选C。 【63题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：例如，超市里的购物者更有可能给别人钱去买牛奶而不是买饼干，可能是因为对健康来说，牛奶被认为比饼干更不可缺少。A. shoppers购物者；B. research研究；C. children孩子；D. health健康。根据常识可知，对健康来说，牛奶被认为比饼干更不可缺少。故选D。 【64题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：纽约地铁上的乘客更愿意帮助摔倒在地的人，如果他看起来似乎是生病了，而不是喝醉了。A. talkative健谈的；B. handsome英俊的；C. calm平静的；D. sick有病的。根据常识可知，生病的似乎比喝醉的更容易得到到帮助。故选D。 Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) Phil White has just returned from an 18,000-mile, around-the-world bicycle trip. White had two reasons for making this epic journey. First of all, he wanted to use the trip to raise money for charity, which he did. He raised £70,000 for the British charity, Oxfam. White’s second reason for making the trip was to break the world record and become the fastest person to cycle around the world. He is still waiting to find out if he has broken the record or not. White set off from Trafalgar Square, in London, on 19th June 2004 and was back 299 days later. He spent more than l,300 hours in the saddle (车座) and destroyed four sets of tyres and three bike chains. He had the adventure of his life crossing Europe, the Middle East, India, Asia, Australia, New Zealand and the Americas. Amazingly, he did all of this with absolutely no support team. No jeep carrying food, water and medicine. No doctor. Nothing! Just a bike and a very, very long road. The journey was lonely and desperate at times. He also had to fight his way across deserts, through jungles and over mountains. He cycled through heavy rains and temperatures of up to 45 degrees, all to help people in need. There were other dangers along the road. In Iran, he was chased by armed robbers and was lucky to escape with his life and the little money he had. The worst thing that happened to him was having to cycle into a headwind on a road that crosses the south of Australia. For l,000 kilometres he battled against the wind that was constantly pushing him. This part of the trip was slow, hard work and depressing, but he made it in the end. Now Mr.White is back and intends to write a book about his adventures. 65. When Phil White returned from his trip, he . A. broke the world record B. collected money for Oxfam C. destroyed several bikes D. travelled about l,300 hours 66. What does the word “epic” in Paragraph l most probably mean? A. Very slow but exciting. B. Very long and difficult. C. Very smooth but tiring. D. Very lonely and depressing. 67. During his journey around the world, Phil White _ . A. fought heroically against robbers in Iran B. experienced the extremes of heat and cold C. managed to ride against the wind in Australia D. had a team of people who travelled with him 68. Which of the following words can best describe Phil White? A. Imaginative. B. Patriotic. C. Modest. D. Determined. 【答案】65. B 66. B 67. C 68. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Phil White骑自行车环游全球的故事，他这样做有两个原因：慈善和打破世界纪录。 【65题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“First of all, he wanted to use the trip to raise money for charity, which he did. He raised £70,000 for the British charity, Oxfam. (首先，他想利用这次旅行为慈善机构筹款，他做到了。他为英国慈善机构Oxfam委员会筹集了7万英镑。)”可知，Phil White为Oxfam筹集到了钱。故选B。 【66题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第一段中“Phil White has just returned from an 18,000-mile, around-the-world bicycle trip. (Phil White刚刚结束了18000公里的世界骑自行车旅行回来。)”可知，Phil骑自行车环游全世界走了18000公里，所以路途是很长的；根据第三段中的“The journey was lonely and desperate at times. He also had to fight his way across deserts, through jungles and over mountains. He cycled through heavy rains and temperatures of up to 45 degrees, all to help people in need. There were other dangers along the road. (旅途中，他有时会孤独和绝望。他还必须穿越沙漠，穿越丛林和高山。他骑自行车穿过暴雨和高达45度的高温，所有这些都是为了帮助需要帮助的人们。路上还有其他危险。)”可知，这次骑行是非常艰难辛苦的。由此可知，他的旅途是很长的且充满艰辛的，因此猜测epic的意思是“长且艰辛的”，和B选项意思一致。故选B。 【67题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The worst thing that happened to him was having to cycle into a headwind on a road that crosses the south of Australia. For l,000 kilometers he battled against the wind that was constantly pushing him. (他遇到的最糟糕的事情，就是在穿越澳大利亚南部的公路上逆风骑自行车。在长达1000公里的路程中，他与不断阻碍他前进的风作斗争。)”可知，在骑行途中他经历了在澳大利亚逆风前行的路程。故选C。 【68题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Phil White has just returned from an 18,000-mile, around-the-world bicycle trip. (Phil White刚刚结束了18000公里的世界骑自行车旅行回来。)”和第三段中的“The journey was lonely and desperate at times. He also had to fight his way across deserts, through jungles and over mountains. He cycled through heavy rains and temperatures of up to 45 degrees, all to help people in need. There were other dangers along the road. (旅途中，他有时会孤独和绝望。他还必须穿越沙漠，穿越丛林和高山。他骑自行车穿过暴雨和高达45度的高温，所有这些都是为了帮助需要帮助的人们。路上还有其他危险。)”可知，这次骑行路途遥远且非常艰苦，但他做到了。由此推知，Phil White非常有决心和毅力。故选D。 (B) The value-packed, all-inclusive sight-seeing package that combines the best of Sydney’s harbour, city, bay and beach highlights. A SydneyPass gives you unlimited and flexible travel on the Explorer Buses: the ‘red’ Sydney Explorer shows you around our exciting city sights while the ‘blue’ Bondi Explorer visits Sydney Harbour bays and famous beaches. Take to the water on one of three magnificent daily harbour cruises (游船). You can also travel free on regular Sydney Buses, Sydney Ferries or CityRail services (limited area), so you can go to every corner of this beautiful city. Imagine browsing at Darling Harbour, sampling the famous seafood at Watsons Bay or enjoying the city lights on an evening ferry cruise. The possibilities and plans are endless with a SydneyPass. Wherever you decide to go, remember that bookings are not required on any of our services so tickets are treated on a first in, first seated basis. SydneyPasses are available for 3, 5 or 7 days for use over a 7 calendar day period. With a 3 or 5 day pass you choose on which days out of the 7 you want to use it. All SydneyPasses include a free Airport Express inward trip before starting your 3, 5 or 7 days, and the return trip is valid (育效的) for 2 months from the first day your ticket was used. SydneyPass Fares *A child is defined as anyone from the ages of 4 years to under 16 years. Children under 4 years travel free. **A family is defined as 2 adults and any number of children from 4 to under 16 years of age from the same family. 69. A SydneyPass doesn’t offer unlimited rides on A. the Explorer Buses B. the harbour cruises C. regular Sydney Buses D. CityRail services 70. With a SydneyPass, a traveller can _. A. save fares from and to the airport B. take the Sydney Explorer to beaches C. enjoy the famous seafood for free D. reserve seats easily in a restaurant 71. If 5-day tickets were to be recommended to a mother who travelled with her colleague and her children, aged 3, 6 and 10, what would the lowest cost be? A. $225. B. $300. C. $360. D. $420. 【答案】69. D 70. A 71. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了悉尼通行证及其相关信息。 【69题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“You can also travel free on regular Sydney Buses, Sydney Ferries or CityRail services (limited area), so you can go to every corner of this beautiful city. (您还可以免费乘坐常规悉尼巴士、悉尼渡轮或城市铁路服务(有限区域)，因此您可以前往这座美丽城市的每个角落)”可知，CityRail services是有限制区域的。故选D。 【70题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“All SydneyPasses include a free Airport Express inward trip before starting your 3, 5 or 7 days, and the return trip is valid (育效的) for 2 months from the first day your ticket was used. (所有悉尼通行证均包含在开始3天、5天或7天旅程之前的免费机场快线内陆行程，并且返程行程自您首次使用车票之日起2个月内有效)”可知，悉尼通行证包括往返机场的免费行程，这就可以节省费用。故选A。 【71题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“A child is defined as anyone from the ages of 4 years to under 16 years. Children under 4 years travel free. **A family is defined as 2 adults and any number of children from 4 to under 16 years of age from the same family. (儿童指4岁至16岁以下的人。4岁以下儿童免费。**一个家庭定义为2名成人和来自同一家庭的任何数量的4至16岁以下儿童)”以及“SydneyPass Fares (悉尼通行证票价)”表格可知，成人票价为120，4至16岁儿童票价为60，4岁以下儿童免费。因此，如果向一位带着同事和三个孩子 (3岁、6岁和10岁) 旅行的母亲推荐5天票，最低费用将是母亲和同事两位成人票价150×2=300，加上6岁和10岁两个孩子的票价60×2=120，总计360。故选C。 (C) Researchers in the psychology department at the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) have discovered a major difference in the way men and women respond to stress. This difference may explain why men are more likely to suffer from stress-related disorders. Until now, psychological research has maintained that both men and women have the same “fight-or-flight” reaction to stress. In other words, individuals either react with aggressive behavior, such as verbal or physical conflict (“fight”), or they react by withdrawing from the stressful situation (“flight”). However, the UCLA research team found that men and women have quite different biological and behavioral responses to stress. While men often react to stress in the fight-or-flight response, women often have another kind of reaction which could be called “tend and befriend.” That is, they often react to stressful conditions by protecting and nurturing their young (“tend”), and by looking for social contact and support from others — especially other females (“befriend”). Scientists have long known that in the fight-or- flight reaction to stress, an important role is played by certain hormones (激素) released by the body. The UCLA research team suggests that the female tend-or-befriend response is also based on a hormone. This hormone, called oxytocin, has been studied in the context of childbirth, but now it is being studied for its role in the response of both men and women to stress. The principal investigator, Dr. Shelley E. Taylor, explained that ”animals and people with high levels of oxytocin are calmer, more relaxed, more social, and less anxious.“ While men also secrete (分泌) oxytocin, its effects are reduced by male hormones. In terms of everyday behavior, the UCLA study found that women are far more likely than men to seek social contact when they are feeling stressed. They may phone relatives or friends, or ask directions if they are lost. The study also showed how fathers and mothers responded differently when they came home to their family after a stressful day at work. The typical father wanted to be left alone to enjoy some peace and quiet. For a typical mother, coping with a bad day at work meant focusing her attention on her children and their needs. The differences in responding to stress may explain the fact that women have lower frequency of stress-related disorders such as high blood pressure or aggressive behavior. The tend-and-befriend regulatory (调节的) system may protect women against stress, and this may explain why women on average live longer than men. 72. The UCLA study shows that in response to stress, men are more likely than women to . A. turn to friends for help B. solve a conflict calmly C. find an escape from reality D. seek comfort from children 73. Which of the following is true about oxytocin according to the passage? A. Men have the same level of oxytocin as women do. B. Oxytocin used to be studied in both men and women. C. Both animals and people have high levels of oxytocin. D. Oxytocin has more of an effect on women than on men. 74. What can be learned from the passage? A. Male hormones help build up the body’s resistance to stress. B. In a family a mother cares more about children than a father does. C. Biological differences lead to different behavioral responses to stress. D. The UCLA study was designed to confirm previous research findings. 75. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage? A. How men and women get over stress B. How men and women suffer from stress C. How researchers overcome stress problems D. How researchers handle stress-related disorders 【答案】72. C 73. D 74. C 75. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了加州大学洛杉矶分校研究发现男女对压力反应不同，女性更倾向“照料和结盟”。 【72题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“However, the UCLA research team found that men and women have quite different biological and behavioral responses to stress. While men often react to stress in the fight-or-flight response, women often have another kind of reaction which could be called “tend and befriend.” (然而，UCLA的研究团队发现，男性和女性在应对压力时的生理和行为反应大不相同。男性通常会产生“战或逃”反应，而女性则往往有另一种反应，可以称之为“照料和结盟”)”可知，在面对压力时，男性更可能选择逃避现实。故选C。 【73题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“This hormone, called oxytocin, has been studied in the context of childbirth, but now it is being studied for its role in the response of both men and women to stress. The principal investigator, Dr. Shelley E. Taylor, explained that ”animals and people with high levels of oxytocin are calmer, more relaxed, more social, and less anxious.“ While men also secrete (分泌) oxytocin, its effects are reduced by male hormones. (这种激素被称为催产素，以往在分娩领域有所研究，但现在人们正在研究它在男性和女性应对压力反应中的作用。首席研究员谢莉·E·泰勒博士解释说：“催产素水平高的动物和人更平静、更放松、更善于社交，焦虑感也更少。”虽然男性也会分泌催产素，但其效果会被男性激素削弱)”可知，虽然男性也分泌催产素，但它的效果被男性激素减弱了，这意味着催产素对女性的影响比对男性的影响更大。故选D。 【74题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“However, the UCLA research team found that men and women have quite different biological and behavioral responses to stress. While men often react to stress in the fight-or-flight response, women often have another kind of reaction which could be called “tend and befriend.” (然而，UCLA的研究团队发现，男性和女性在应对压力时的生理和行为反应大不相同。男性通常会产生“战或逃”反应，而女性则往往有另一种反应，可以称之为“照料和结盟”)”以及后文对男女不同反应的具体描述可推知，生理差异导致对压力的不同行为反应。故选C。 【75题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Researchers in the psychology department at the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) have discovered a major difference in the way men and women respond to stress. This difference may explain why men are more likely to suffer from stress-related disorders. (加利福尼亚大学洛杉矶分校（UCLA）心理学系的研究人员发现，男性和女性应对压力的方式存在重大差异。这种差异或许能够解释为什么男性更有可能患上与压力相关的疾病)”以及全文内容可知，可知，文章主要介绍了男性和女性在应对压力时的不同反应和方式，以及这些反应和方式背后的生物因素。因此，选项A“How men and women get over stress (男性和女性如何克服压力)”最能概括文章的主旨，是文章的最佳标题。故选A。 Section C Directions: Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from A-F for each paragraph. There is one extra heading which you do not need. ____76____ Learning to read early has become one of those indicators - in parents’ minds at least – that their child is smart. In fact, reading early has very little to do with whether a child is successful academically. Research has shown that difficulty with reading is often due not to inferior intelligence but to differences in the developmental wiring of each individual child. In some cases, there are neurological problems and developmental lags that can be overcome with proper training. ____77____ Traditionally, American schools teach children at age six, but many schools begin teaching informally in kindergarten and pre-kindergarten. If parents start too early to encourage reading,and a child does not immediately succeed, the parent has a hard time relaxing and letting the child go at his or her own pace. ____78____ Over the years, research has proved that the use of both the “whole language” method and the “phonic” method works best for a child to master reading. While the whole language approach, which includes reading to children and getting them interested in both the activity of reading and the story they are reading, is helpful, phonics must be taught. Children must be taught that one of the squiggles they see is a “p” and another a “b”. Getting the print off the page requires a different ability than being able to understand the meaning of what is written. ____79____ You can start developing the skills needed in reading at a very young age without putting any pressure on children. Besides reading to them parents can start “ear training” their child by playing rhyme games. This develops the child’s ability to recognize different sounds. In reading to children, parents also can point to words as they go, teaching the child that the funny lines on the page are the words you are saying. All this should be a fun activity. ____80____ Once a child is in school, the learning of reading is inevitably more serious. For children who have some kind of reading difficulty, you must get a professional diagnosis. While the teacher might say the child is merely disinterested but will get over it, disinterest or poor performance in reading can stem from a number of things, some being very specific learning disabilities that can be identified and worked on. But it is very tricky for parents to deal with their own child’s learning disabilities. A. When a child should learn to read B. Why it is fun to teach a child reading C. What if a child has reading problems D. How you prepare a young child for reading E. What is the best way to teach a child reading F. Whether reading early promises later achievements 【答案】76. F 77. A 78. E 79. D 80. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了关于孩子早期阅读的相关内容，包括早期阅读与孩子学业成功的关系、孩子开始阅读的合适时间、教授孩子阅读的最佳方法、如何为孩子阅读做准备以及孩子有阅读问题该如何处理等。 【76题详解】 下文“Learning to read early has become one of those indicators — in parents’ minds at least — that their child is smart. In fact, reading early has very little to do with whether a child is successful academically.(早期学会阅读已经成为父母们认为孩子聪明的指标之一——至少在父母们看来是这样。事实上，早期阅读与孩子是否在学业上成功几乎没有关系)”说明了早期阅读与孩子学业成功的关系。F项（早期阅读是否预示着以后的成就）承接下文，进一步探讨早期阅读与未来成就的关系，符合语境。故选F。 【77题详解】 下文“Traditionally, American schools teach children at age six, but many schools begin teaching informally in kindergarten and pre-kindergarten.(传统上，美国学校在孩子六岁时开始教学，但许多学校在幼儿园和学前班就开始非正式的教学)”以及“If parents start too early to encourage reading, and a child does not immediately succeed, the parent has a hard time relaxing and letting the child go at his or her own pace.(如果父母过早地鼓励孩子阅读，而孩子没有立即成功，父母就很难放松下来，让孩子按照自己的节奏来)”都在围绕孩子开始阅读的合适时间进行讨论。A项（孩子应该什么时候学习阅读）作为小标题，概括了本段内容，符合语境。故选A。 【78题详解】 下文“Over the years, research has proved that the use of both the ‘whole language’ method and the ‘phonic’ method works best for a child to master reading.(多年来，研究已经证明，‘整体语言’法和‘语音’法相结合对孩子掌握阅读最有效)”主要讲述了教授孩子阅读的最佳方法。E项（教孩子阅读的最好方法是什么）作为小标题，概括了本段内容，符合语境。故选E。 【79题详解】 下文“You can start developing the skills needed in reading at a very young age without putting any pressure on children. Besides reading to them, parents can start ‘ear training’ their child by playing rhyme games.(你可以在孩子很小的时候就开始培养他们阅读所需的技能，而不要给他们任何压力。除了给他们读书，父母还可以通过玩押韵游戏来开始对孩子的‘听力训练’)”主要讲述了如何为孩子阅读做准备。D项（你如何为年幼的孩子做阅读准备）作为小标题，概括了本段内容，符合语境。故选D。 【80题详解】 下文“Once a child is in school, the learning of reading is inevitably more serious. For children who have some kind of reading difficulty, you must get a professional diagnosis.(孩子一旦上学，阅读学习就不可避免地变得更加严肃。对于有阅读困难的孩子，你必须得到专业的诊断)”主要讲述了孩子有阅读问题该如何处理。C项（如果孩子有阅读问题怎么办）作为小标题，概括了本段内容，符合语境。故选C。 Section D Directions: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words. While contact between adolescents (between the ages of fifteen and nineteen) and their peers (同龄人) is a universal characteristic of all cultures, the nature and the degree of such contact vary a great deal. In American contemporary society, adolescents spend much more time with their peers than with younger children or adults. This pattern of age segregation (隔离) in American society did not become usual until the beginning of the industrialized society. Changes in the workplace separated children from adults, with adults working and children attending school. The dramatic increase of mothers in the workplace has further contributed to the reduction in the amount of time adolescents spend with adults. School reform efforts during the nineteenth century, which resulted in age-segregated schools and grades, have reduced the amount of time adolescents spend with younger children. Finally, the changes in population are considered a factor that may have contributed to the emergence of adolescent peer culture. From 1955 to 1975, the adolescent population increased dramatically, from 11 percent to 20.9 percent. This increase in the number of adolescents might be a contributing factor to the increase in adolescent peer culture in terms of growth in size. Research supports the view that adolescents spend a great deal of time with their peers. Reed Larson and his colleagues examined adolescents’ daily activities and found that they spend more time talking to their friends than engaging in any other activity. In a typical week, high school students will spend twice as much time with their peers as with adults. This gradual withdrawal from adults begins in early adolescence. In sixth grade, adults (excluding parents) account for only 25 percent of adolescent social networks. Another important characteristic of adolescent peer culture is its increasingly autonomous (自治的) function. While childhood peer groups are conducted under the close supervision of parents, adolescent peer groups typically make an effort to escape adult supervision and usually succeed in doing so. (Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS.) 81. “This pattern of age segregation” refers to the phenomenon that adolescents segregate themselves from ________________. 82. Besides changes in the workplace, ________________ are the other two factors contributing to adolescent peer culture. 83. When do adolescents start to spend less time with adults? ________________________________________________________________________________ 84. How do adolescent peer groups differ from childhood peer groups? ________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】81. younger children and adults 82. school reform efforts and the changes in population 83. In early adolescence. 84. They have less close supervision of parents./They manage to escape adult supervision./They are increasingly autonomous. 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了美国社会中青少年与同龄人相处的现象。在当代美国社会，青少年与同龄人相处的时间远多于与年幼孩子或成年人相处的时间，这种年龄隔离模式在工业化社会开始后变得普遍。 【81题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第一段中“In American contemporary society, adolescents spend much more time with their peers than with younger children or adults.(在美国当代社会，青少年与同龄人在一起的时间比与年幼的孩子或成年人在一起的时间多得多。)”可知，“这种年龄隔离模式”指的是青少年将自己与更年幼的孩子和成年人隔离开来的现象。故答案是：younger children and adults。 【82题详解】 考查推理判断。根据第二段中“School reform efforts during the nineteenth century, which resulted in age-segregated schools and grades, have reduced the amount of time adolescents spend with younger children. Finally, the changes in population are considered a factor that may have contributed to the emergence of adolescent peer culture. From 1955 to 1975, the adolescent population increased dramatically, from 11 percent to 20.9 percent. This increase in the number of adolescents might be a contributing factor to the increase in adolescent peer culture in terms of growth in size.(19世纪的学校改革导致了年龄隔离的学校和年级，减少了青少年与更年幼的孩子在一起的时间。最后，人口的变化被认为是导致青少年同伴文化出现的一个因素。从1955年到1975年，青少年人口急剧增加，从11%增加到20.9%。青少年数量的增加可能是青少年同伴文化在规模上增长的一个促进因素。)”可推知， 除了工作场所的变化，学校改革的努力和人口的变化是影响青少年同伴文化的另外两个因素。故答案是：school reform efforts and the changes in population。 【83题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第三段中“This gradual withdrawal from adults begins in early adolescence.(这种对成年人的逐渐戒断始于青春期早期。)”可知，青少年在青春期早期开始花更少的时间和成年人在一起。故答案是：In early adolescence. 【84题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第三段中“Another important characteristic of   adolescent peer culture is its increasingly autonomous (自治的) function. While childhood peer groups are conducted under the close supervision of parents, adolescent peer groups typically make an effort to escape adult supervision and usually succeed in doing so.(青少年同伴文化的另一个重要特征是其日益自主的功能。童年同伴团体是在父母的密切监督下进行的，而青少年同伴团体通常会努力逃避成人的监督，而且通常会成功。)”可知，青少年同伴群体与儿童同伴群体的不同之处是他们较少受到父母的密切监督/他们设法逃避成人的监督/他们越来越自主。故答案是：They have less close supervision of parents./They manage to escape adult supervision./They are increasingly autonomous. 第II卷(共45分) I. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 85. 她五年前开始拉小提琴。(play) (汉译英) ________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】She began to play the violin five years ago. 【解析】 【详解】很考查短语和时态。“开始做某事”用短语begin to do sth.；“拉小提琴”用短语play the violin；“五年前”翻译为five years ago。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。故翻译为She began to play the violin five years ago. 86. 由于天气恶劣，航班延误了好几个小时。(owing) (汉译英) ________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Owing to the bad weather, the flight was delayed for a couple of hours. 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语与时态语态。表示“由于”应用固定短语owing to；表示“恶劣天气”短语为the bad weather，作介词短语owing to的宾语；表示“航班延误了”应为the flight was delayed，使用被动语态，并用一般过去时描述过去发生的事件；表示“好几个小时”短语为for a couple of hours。故翻译为Owing to the bad weather, the flight was delayed for a couple of hours。 87. 每位设计师都希望自己的作品能经受时间的考验。(stand) (汉译英) ________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Every designer hopes that his work can stand the test of time. 【解析】 【详解】考查宾语从句和动词时态以及固定搭配。根据句子的语境判断，句子应该用一般现在时，表示一般的客观事实，注意主谓一致，根据动词stand用法：stand sth.经受住某事；“希望：hope that+宾语从句，其中连词that可省略”。every designer (每位设计师)，his work (他的作品)，the test of time (时间的考验)，故译为：Every designer hopes that his work can stand the test of time. 88. 能否抵御网络游戏的诱惑是摆在中学生面前的一道难题。(It) (汉译英) ________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】It is a difficult problem for high school students whether they can resist the temptation of online games. 【解析】 【详解】考查主语从句和时态。表示“……对某人来说是个难题”用it be a difficult problem for sb.，用it作形式主语，句首单词，首字母大写。表示“高中生”用high school students，作表语。表示“是否”用whether，引导主语从句，从句中：用they作主语，指代high school students。表示“抵御网络游戏的诱惑”用resist the temptation of online games，用情态动词can表示“能够”，后接动词原形，句子陈述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，be动词用is。故翻译为It is a difficult problem for high school students whether they can resist the temptation of online games. 89. 在展览会上，公司销售经理展示了孩子们翘首以盼的新型电子玩具。(demonstrate) (汉译英) ________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】At the exhibition, the company’s sales manager demonstrated the new electronic toys (which/that) children were looking forward to. 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态及定语从句。“展览会”译为exhibition；“销售经理”译为sales manager；根据句意，动词demonstrate（展示）应用一般过去式；“新型电子玩具”译为the new electronic toys；“翘首以盼”译为look forward to；“孩子们翘首以盼的”可用定语从句的形式来表达，先行词是“电子玩具”，在定语从句中作look forward to的宾语，所以定语从句由which/that引导，也可省略。主句为一般过去时，定语从句用过去进行时，表示动作正在发生。故全句翻译为：At the exhibition, the company’s sales manager demonstrated the new electronic toys (which/that) children were looking forward to。 II. Guided Writing 90. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 上周一，你在一所小学观摩了小女孩Amy所在班级的两堂绘画课（如图所示），回家后你用英语写了一篇日记，内容包括： ● 对两堂绘画课的具体描述； ● 你从中获得的启发。 【答案】Date: June 8, 2012 　　Last week, I sat in on two painting classes at a primary school. In one class a student dipped her feet in ink and made a painting out of footprints. By contrast, the same student used a brush to make a breath-taking landscape painting—so vivid that one could almost smell the refreshing rivers and hear the chirping birds. 　The first painting represents that we should remain grounded and be cautious of being carried away with temporary success. A kite stays afloat because it’s attached to a reel; otherwise it will instantly lose its balance before eventually crashing into the ground. So it is with us. 　　However, success requires more than being simply down-to-earth, with a lofty ideal being another crucial factor. So grand was the scenery portrayed in the second painting that it embodied the reach of our dreams. 　　The paintings taught me to dream big and act small. And I believe, by doing so, the warm light of success will cascade into my life. 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇看图写话，体裁是日记的形式。内含两个要点：介绍对两堂绘画课的具体描述和你从中获得的启发。文章要紧紧围绕这两个要点展开。各个要点表达要清晰，要点要根据图的内容进行具体描述。然后谈谈自己的启发。层次要分明，衔接要自然。需要考生自己做合理的联想，启发要有新意，内容要符合图的逻辑。 【详解】1.词汇积累 小学：primary school→elementary school 表现：represent→express 壮丽的：grand→splendid 描绘：portray→depict 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：In one class a student dipped her feet in ink and made a painting out of footprints. 拓展句：In one class a student who dipped her feet in ink made a painting out of footprints. 【点睛】【高分句型1】By contrast, the same student used a brush to make a breath-taking landscape painting—so vivid that one could almost smell the refreshing rivers and hear the chirping birds. (运用了so…that…引导结果状语从句) 【高分句型2】The first painting represents that we should remain grounded and be cautious of being carried away with temporary success. (运用了that引导的宾语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$2012年上海高考英语听力试题won listening comprehension section a directions。In section a, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said conversations, and the questions will be spoken only once after you hear a conversation and the question about IT, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. One, hello, may I help you? Yes, we would like to check into our room question. where does the conversation most probably take place? Two, come on, john, relax. What can go wrong? My first job interview question. how does the man feel? Three, good morning, madam. What can I do for you? Well, someone at the hotel suggested I come here to buy a coat. Question, what's the probable relationship between the two speakers? For I gave dave three hundred dollars for his sponsored concert. three hundred dollars. Sandy, you must be mad. I wish I had three hundred dollars to throw around like . that question. What does the man mean? Five, shall I come and take you to the railway station? No, thanks all minute. It's not far. Anyway. I, what can we learn about the woman? Six, how many children have you got? Two, john five and clares four. And there's another one on . the way question, how many children would the men most probably have? Seven, do you know how I can stop drinking too much coffee? No, but I wish I did. I spend too much money at cafe. What can we learn from the conversation? Aid, could you give a hand moving this copt, please? Well, i'd rather not. If you don't mind, i'm not feeling well today. Question, what does the man mean? Nine thom's house is a mess. Doesn't he ever clean? IT. I guess he just has too much else on his mind. With that new . job question, what can we learn about tom? Ten, I didn't have any trouble in finding accommodation in brain. According to my experience, that sounds too good to be true. Question, what does the woman mean? Section b directions in section b, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passengers. The passage will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions eleven to thirteen are based on the following passage. Well, I owe a small data processing company in which I employ about eight to ten workers. And the point I want to make has to do with trust. I know it's possible to force people to be one hundred percent efficient, but I think when you do that, you'll lose confidence and trust. I let my employees use our equipment and make personal phone calls. They are more than welcome to decide what is right and wrong because I think you can run a company by just giving orders to robots and watching them like big brother, right? I think you have to trust people and give them a little freedom. And also, as far as phone calls and all that go, I want my people to call home and check on their children and know their children are safe and sound. As a result, I have devoted employees who are willing to go that extra mile, and I can honestly say they show up to work smiling so I get more satisfaction and rewards by trusting my employees than by suspecting them of doing something wrong. Now listen again, please. Well, I own a small data processing company in which I employ about eight to ten workers. And the point I want to make has to do with trust. I know it's possible to force people to be one hundred percent efficient, but I think when you do that, you'll lose confidence and trust. I let my employees use our equipment and make personal phone calls. They are more than welcome to decide what is right and wrong because I think you can run a company by just giving orders to robots and watching them like big brother, right? I think you have to trust people and give them a little freedom. And also, as far as phone calls and all that go, I want my people to call home and check on their children and know their children are safe and sound. As a result, I have devoted employees who are willing to go that extra mile, and I can honestly say they show up to work smiling. So I get more satisfaction and rewards by trusting my employees than by suspecting them of doing something wrong. Questions eleven, which of the following does the speaker allow his employees to do? Twelve, what result does the speaker expect to see under his management? Thirteen, what does the speaker consider important in running a small company? Questions fourteen through sixteen are based on the following passage. The roots of canadian english can be found in the events which followed the american revolution of seventeen seventy six. Those who had supported britain found themselves unable to stay in the united states, and most went to canada. They were soon followed by many thousands who were attracted by the cheapest of land. Within fifty years, the population of upper canada had reached one hundred thousand, mainly people from the united states. In the east, the atlantic provinces had been settled with the english speakers as early as the fifteen th century, but even today, these areas contain less than ten percent of the population, so that they have only a limited role in the development of canadian english. In quebec, the majority of people use french as a mother tongue. Here, english and french exist together, but uneasily because of his origins. Canadian english has a great deal in common with the rest of the english spoken in north america, and is often difficult to distinguish from people who live outside the region to british people. Canadians may sound american to americans. They may sound british canadians themselves insist on not being identified with either. And certainly there is a great deal of evidence in support of this view. No, listen again, please. The roots of canadian english can be found in the events which followed the american revolution of seventeen seventy six, those who had supported britain found themselves unable to stay in the united states, and most went to canada. They were soon followed by many thousands who were attracted by the cheap ess of land. Within fifty years, the population of upper canada had reached one hundred thousand, mainly people from the united states in the east, the atlantic provinces had been settled with the english speakers as early as the fifteenth century. But even today, these areas contain less than ten percent of the population, so that they have only a limited role in the development of canadian english. In quebec, the majority of people use french as a mother tongue. Here, english and french exist together, but uneasily because of his origins. Canadian english has a great deal in common with the rest of the english spoken in north amErica and is often difficult to distinguish from people who live outside the region to british people. Canadians may sound american. To americans they may sound british. Canadians themselves insist on not being identified with either. And certainly there is a great deal of evidence in support of this view. Questions fourteen, why did many americans leave for canada after the revolution? Fifteen, what can we learn about people in the atlantic provinces? Sixteen, what conclusion can be drawn about canadian english from this passage? Section sea directions in sections sea, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversation will be red twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the number of blanks with the information you have heard, write your answers on the answer sheet. Blink seventeen through twenty are based on the following conversation. Good morning leads university students registration center. Good morning. I need to register for a class. Okay, may I take your name please? Sure, it's Andrew smith. Which department do you study with . the history department? May I have your student? IDHD . three three zero nine? What class you trying to take? I want to take a photography class. Well, there are only two classes open. Can you tell me what days the classes are on? One is on tuesday from two PM to four PM and . the other . from ten to twelve on thursday. Okay, sign me up for the class on tuesday. Very well then now . listen again, please. Good morning. Leads university students registration center. Good morning. I need to register for a class. okay? May I take your name please? Sure, it's Andrew smith. Which department do you study . with the history department? May I have your student? IDHD . three three zero nine? What class you trying to take? I want to take a hotoke phy class. Well, there are only two classes open. Can you tell me what days the classes are on? One is on tuesday from two PM to four PM and . the other . from ten to twelve on thursday. Okay, sign me up for the class on tuesday. Very well then. Banks twenty one through twenty four are based on the following conversation. Welcome to our program. Annie, please tell our audience the best things about the experiment in international living. Well, my group was great and I loved my host family. Can you tell us about your group? Well, we were all high school students from the U. S. But we were very different. You mean from different cities with different religions and cultures? yes. And I was excited about that. We learn that we weren't really . so different. What do you mean? Well, we became such good friends more than friends. We were like, family. wonderful. I'd like to know more about your host family. Oh, I love my host family and coastal ga. They were my family too. I felt like I was their daughter. So nice. Did you have any problem speaking with them? No, not really. Actually, I learned a lot of spanish from them, and I also learned that language is not always so important. What do you mean? Well, in some cases is simple. Smile can say more than words. Thanks so much. anny. Now listen again. please. Welcome to our program, Annie. Please tell our audience the best things about the experiment in international living. Well, my group was great, and I loved my host family. Can you tell us about your roup? Well, we were all high school students from the U. S. But we were very different. You mean, from different cities with different religions and cultures? yes. And I was excited about that. We learned that we weren't really . so different. What do you mean? Well, we became such good friends more than friends. We were like, family. wonderful. I'd like to know more about your host family. Oh, I love my host family and coastal riga. They were my family too. I felt like I was their daughter. So nice. Did you have any problem speaking with them? No, not really. actually. I learned a lot of spanish from them, and I also learned that language is not always so important. What do you mean? Well, in some cases, a simple smile can say more than words. Thanks so much, anne.