精品解析：四川省苍溪中学校2024—2025学年高二下学期4月考试英语试题

高2023级高二下学期第一次学段考试 英语试题 满分：150分 考试时间：120分钟 第一部分 听力理解（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Why is the woman cutting her own hair? A. Her favorite hairstylist isn’t available. B. She wants to learn a new skill. C. She is trying to save money. 2. What is the woman’s mother good at making? A. Spaghetti. B. Pizza. C. Apple pie. 3. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Husband and wife. B. Fellow workers. C. Doctor and patient. 4. Which optional course does the woman suggest the man take? A. Personal Finance. B. Music Education. C. Psychology. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A photo exhibition. B. Travel destinations. C. An art gallery. 第二节（共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Where is the woman going first? A. To her home. B. To a library. C. To a bus stop. 7. Which word best describes the man? A. Forgetful. B. Helpful. C. Impatient. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What did the woman get in the book The Shining? A. A plane ticket. B. A five-dollar bill. C. A photo. 9. In which book did the woman find a letter? A. Metaphors We Live By. B. The Moon and Sixpence. C. Introduction to Algorithms. 10. When did the man get the book Introduction to Algorithms? A. Three days ago. B. Two years ago. C. Five years ago. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. In what way does the man try to locate Jennifer’s phone? A. By making a phone call. B. By asking his friends for help. C. By going to the lost and found. 12. Why didn’t Jennifer note down the details about the taxi? A. She was viewing some important photos. B. She was in a hurry to get to work. C. She was talking on the phone. 13. How does the man sound in the end? A. Anxious. B. Annoyed. C. Optimistic. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. When did Emily start showing interest in the violin? A. After she watched a live show. B. After she took a violin lesson. C. After she got her first violin. 15. How many hours a day did Emily practice the violin at first? A. About one hour. B. About four hours. C. About five hours. 16 What did Emily do at the age of 17? A. She performed at Carnegie Hall. B. She travelled with her parents. C. She entered a national contest. 17. Which is Emily’s second album? A. Symphonic Dreams. B. Harmony. C. Strings of Passion. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. How many of the top 10 winners are from Peru? A. One. B. Two. C. Three. 19. Where does Korenc Karel come from? A. Zambia. B. The United States. C. The Czech Republic. 20. What does Markus Hanisch say about Shaolin kung fu? A. It encourages people to keep a healthy lifestyle. B. It promotes cultural exchanges between countries. C. It plays an important role in his personal growth. 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分50 分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Ticket Information Due to extremely high demand, tickets for the three traditional end-of-year concerts of the Vienna Philharmonic are drawn(抽签)on the Vienna Philharmonic website. In this way, people worldwide have an equal chance to purchase these highly desired tickets. Application Period: February 1-28, 2023 During this period, interested persons can apply on this website for tickets to the Preview Performance, the New Year’s Eve Concert, and the New Year’s Concert. The first step toward making an application for tickets is to register for the drawing. The registration is separate from your user account for the Webshop and is specifically for the drawing. Users can enter their ticket preferences for the upcoming concerts during the application period. Price Categories The number of tickets for the New Year’s Concert is limited to two, and the number of tickets for the Preview Performance and New Year’s Eve Concert can be up to four. The ticket prices range between 35€ and 1200 € for the New Year’s Concert, 25 € and 860 € for the New Year’s Eve Concert, and between 20€ and 495 € for the Preview Performance. If you wish to change your application, you may only do so during the application period. In March, you will know the results of the drawing. When Should I Apply? Within the one-month application period, the actual time of application is irrelevant. An application made on February 1 has the same chances as an application made on February 28. The only way to obtain tickets for these concerts is by taking part in the online drawing! Requests submitted through the postal system, by e-mail or by any other means will not be considered! For more information, please click here. 1. How much should you pay at least for two tickets for the New Year’s Concert? A. 35€. B. 40€. C. 50€. D. 70€. 2. How do you get tickets for these concerts? A. By applying on the website. B. By posting requests through the postal system. C. By making the application as early as possible. D. By sending email to the Vienna Philharmonic website. 3. Where does this text probably come from? A. A newspaper. B. A webpage. C. A music magazine. D. A tourist brochure. 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要提供了音乐会的一些售票信息。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“The ticket prices range between 35 € and 1200 € for the New Year’s Concert, 25 € and 860 € for the New Year’s Eve Concert, and between 20 € and 495 € for the Preview Performance.(新年音乐会的票价在35欧元到1200欧元之间，跨年音乐会的票价在25欧元到860欧元之间，预览演出的票价在20欧元到495欧元之间)”可知，两张新年音乐会的票至少要70€。故选D。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“During this period, interested persons can apply on this website for tickets to the Preview Performance, the New Year’s Eve Concert, and the New Year’s Concert. (在此期间，有兴趣的人士可在本网站申请预演、跨年音乐会和跨年音乐会的门票。)”可知，你可以通过在网站上申请获得这些音乐会的门票。故选A。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一句“For more information, please click here.(更多信息，请点击这里。)”可推断，文章很可能来自网页。故选B。 B Is modern fruit cultivated (培育) to be sweeter than in the past? The short answer is yes, though the longer answer is more complicated. Some of the most powerful evidence that fruit is sweeter than before comes from zoos. In 2018, it was reported that Melboume Zoo in Australia had stopped giving fruit to most of its animals because cultivated fruit was now so sweet that it was causing tooth decay (蛀牙) and weight gain. The monkeys at the zoo were provided with a lower-sugar vegetable-based diet instead of bananas. Among fruit cultivators, the word “quality” is now routinely used as an equal for “high in sugar” (though firmness, color and size are also considerations). In 2010, in an article looking at ways to enhance the sweetness of fruit using “molecuiar (分子的) approaches”, a group of plant scientists of the Republic of Korea wrote that “in general, the sugar content” of many fruits is now higher than before “owing to continuous selection and breeding”. Modern apple varieties, the scientists noted, were on average sweeter than older ones. Cultivation isn’t the only reason that modern fruit is sweeter; there’s also climate change. Research from Japan found that since the 1970s, with rising temperatures, Fuji apples (which were already a sweet variety) have become significantly sweeter and softer. The lead researcher, Toshihoko Sugiura, said that “if you could taste an apple harvested 30 years ago, you would feel the difference”. It is sometimes claimed that the sweetness of modern fruit is not due to higher sugar content so much as the fact that the bitterness and sourness of wild fruit have been steadily cultivated out of it. There’s a grain — but only a grain — of truth in this. Studies of wild apples do indeed suggest that some ancient varieties were just as high in sugar as a modern Pink Lady or Honeycrisp. The difference is that there was much wider variation in sugar content across wild apples, whereas the modern supermarket apple seldom drops below a certain level of sweetness. 4. Why did Melbourne Zoo stop giving fruit to most of its animals? A. The animals preferred a vegetable- based diet. B. Modern fruit did great harm to animals’ teeth. C. The sugar content of modern fruit is lower than before. D. The flavor of modern fruit was not good for the animals. 5. What can we learn from paragraph 3? A. The sugar content is breeders’ first priority. B. Sweeter fruits are just a result of natural selection. C. The sweetness of modern apples is equal to the average of older ones. D. Molecular approaches are adopted to add the sweetness of modern fruit. 6. What do studies of wild apples in the last paragraph suggest? A. Apples of old species tasted less sweet. B. The sugar content of wild apples varied greatly. C The sweetness of modern apples is of the same level. D. Fruit is sweet because bitterness in it has disappeared. 7. What’s the best title for this passage? A. Modern or Old: Which Is Better? B. Modern Fruit: Sweetness Is Quality. C. Fruit Is Sweeter: It’s Not a Misconception. D. Melbourne Zoo: Animals Stop Eating Fruits. 【答案】4. B 5. D 6. B 7. C 【解析】 【导语】文章是说明文。文章主要讲述了现代农业技术使得现代水果比以前更甜。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段的“In 2018, it was reported that Melboume Zoo in Australia had stopped giving fruit to most of its animals because cultivated fruit was now so sweet that it was causing tooth decay(蛀牙) and weight gain.(据报道，2018年，澳大利亚墨尔本动物园已经停止给大多数动物提供水果，因为现在种植的水果太甜了，会导致蛀牙和体重增加。)”可知现代水果对动物的牙齿有很大的危害，因此停止了给动物供应水果。故选B项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Among fruit cultivators, the word “quality” is now routinely used as an equal for “high in sugar”(though firmness, color and size are also considerations). In 2010, in an article looking at ways to enhance the sweetness of fruit using “molecuiar(分子的) approaches”, a group of plant scientists of the Republic of Korea wrote that “in general, the sugar content” of many fruits is now higher than before “owing to continuous selection and breeding”. (在水果种植者中，“优质”这个词现在通常被用作“高糖”的同义词(尽管硬度、颜色和大小也要考虑在内)。2010年，韩国的一组植物科学家在一篇文章中探讨了如何利用“分子方法”来提高水果的甜度，他们写道，“总的来说，由于不断的选择和育种”，现在许多水果的“含糖量”比以前要高。)”可知，现代水果的甜度采用分子方法，故选D项。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的“The difference is that there was much wider variation in sugar content across wild apples, whereas the modern supermarket apple seldom drops below a certain level of sweetness.(不同之处在于，野生苹果的含糖量变化更大，而现代超市里的苹果很少低于一定的甜度。)” 可知野生苹果的含糖量变化很大，故选B项。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段内容“Is modern fruit cultivated(培育) to be sweeter than in the past? The short answer is yes, though the longer answer is more complicated.( 现代种植的水果比过去更甜吗?简短的回答是肯定的，但较长的回答更为复杂)”并通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了现代农业技术使得现代水果比以前更甜。可知C项“水果更甜：这不是一个误解。”为最佳标题，故选C项。 C When you’re bored, you might start playing with a ball or other objects. Such behavior is common in people. Other animals like it too—that’s why a dog fetches a stick, or a cat bats at toys. Play is an enjoyable way to pass the time. A new study finds that it’s not just mammals that like to play. Bumblebees (大黄蜂) do it too, making them the first insects known to play. In the study, Hiruni Samadi Galpayage Dona, an insect expert, did an experiment using 200 untrained bumblebees to see if they might play. Of those, 45 would be marked with a number when they emerged as adults. A pathway was set up from the bumblebees’ nest to a feeding area. One side contained small wooden balls that rolled. The other side had the same number of balls, but they were stuck to the floor. Half balls on each side were colored balls. The rest were left unpainted. For three hours a day over 18 days, Galpayage Dona found bumblebees weren’t so interested in the side where the balls didn’t move, but they explored the side areas and interacted with the balls. Once they managed to roll a ball, they strongly preferred that side. They returned, climbing on the balls and rolling them around. She also found bumblebees preferred certain colors of balls. “There’s something about the mobility that is more interesting for the bumblebees than just colored objects,” Galpayage Dona says. In another experiment, she sometimes left the balls out overnight. “When I came in the next day, I would always find some bumblebees rolling the balls.” As with mammals, the bumblebees who played the most were the younger ones. Their play tapered off as they got older. The scientists say it’s not clear why the bumblebees roll the balls or whether they enjoy it. But the experiment raises important questions about how the insects’ minds work and whether they have feelings. 8. How does the author introduce the topic? A. By describing the fun of play. B. By analyzing reasons for boredom. C. By introducing similar phenomena. D. By presenting animals’ cute images. 9. What did the researcher do in the experiment? A. She trained bumblebees to play balls. B. She put small balls along the pathway. C. She set up a pathway in bumblebees’ nest. D. She rewarded the bumblebees with rolled balls. 10. What does the underlined part “tapered off” probably mean in paragraph 5? A. Mattered. B. Helped. C. Decreased. D. Emerged. 11. What can be the best title for the text? A. Bumblebees Prefer Shape to Color B. Balls Are Bumblebees’ Favorite Toys C. Playing with Objects Is Animals’ Second Nature D. Bumblebees Are the First Insects Known to Play 【答案】8. C 9. B 10. C 11. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。一项新研究发现，喜欢玩耍的不仅仅是哺乳动物。大黄蜂也这样做，这使它们成为已知的喜欢玩耍的第一种昆虫。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“When you’re bored, you might start playing with a ball or other objects. Such behavior is common in people. Other animals like it too — that’s why a dog fetches a stick, or a cat bats at toys. Play is an enjoyable way to pass the time. A new study finds that it’s not just mammals that like to play. Bumblebees (大黄蜂) do it too, making them the first insects known to play.(当你感到无聊时，你可能会开始玩球或其他物体。这种行为在人群中很常见。其他动物也喜欢它——这就是为什么狗会捡到一根棍子，或者猫会向玩具发起攻击。玩耍是消磨时间的一种令人愉快的方式。一项新的研究发现，喜欢玩耍的不仅仅是哺乳动物。大黄蜂也这样做，使它们成为已知的第一种昆虫)”可知，作者介绍了人类和一些动物是相似的，都会通过玩耍来消磨时间，以此来引起文章主题——大黄蜂也这样做。由此推知，作者通过介绍相似现象来引起文章主题。故选C。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“A pathway was set up from the bumblebees’ nest to a feeding area. One side contained small wooden balls that rolled.(一条小路从大黄蜂的巢穴通往一个进食区。一边是滚动的小木球)”可知，在实验中，研究者她把小球放在小路上。故选B。 【10题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“As with mammals, the bumblebees who played the most were the younger ones.(和哺乳动物一样，大黄蜂玩得最多的是年轻的)”和划线词所在句子“Their play tapered off as they got older.(随着年龄的增长，它们的玩耍逐渐tapered off)”可知，和哺乳动物一样，大黄蜂玩得最多的是年轻的，这说明那些岁数大的黄蜂玩得较少。由此推知，随着年龄的增长，大黄蜂的玩得次数减少。由此推知，划线短语“tapered off”意为“减少”，与C项“Decreased.(减少)”意思一样。故选C。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“A new study finds that it’s not just mammals that like to play. Bumblebees (大黄蜂) do it too, making them the first insects known to play.(一项新的研究发现，喜欢玩耍的不仅仅是哺乳动物。大黄蜂也这样做，使它们成为已知的第一种昆虫)”可知，文章主要讲了实验表明，大黄蜂是已知的喜欢玩耍的第一种昆虫。由此可知，D项“大黄蜂是已知的玩耍的第一种昆虫”适合做文章标题。故选D。 D An Australian professor is developing a robot to monitor the health of grazing cattle, a development that could bring big changes to a profession that's relied largely on a low-tech approach for decades but is facing a labor shortage. Salah Sukkarieh, a professor at the University of Sydney, sees robots as necessary given how cattlemen are aging. He is building a four-wheeled robot that will run on solar and electric power. It will use cameras and sensors to monitor the animals. A computer system will analyze the video to determine whether a cow is sick. Radio tags (标签) on the animals will measure temperature changes. The quality of grassland will be tracked by monitoring the shape, color and texture (质地) of grass. That way, cattlemen will know whether they need to move their cattle to another field for nutrition purposes. Machines have largely taken over planting, watering and harvesting crops such as corn and wheat, but the monitoring of cattle has gone through fewer changes. For Texas cattleman Pete Bonds, it's increasingly difficult to find workers interested in watching cattle. But Bonds doesn't believe a robot is right for the job. Years of experience in the industry - and failed attempts to use technology - have convinced him that the best way to check cattle is with a man on a horse. Bonds, who bought his first cattle almost 50 years ago, still has each of his cowboys inspect 300 or 400 cattle daily and look for signs that an animal is getting sick. Other cattlemen see more promise in robots. Michael Kelsey Paris, vice president of the Oklahoma Cattlemen's Association, said a robot could be extremely useful given rising concerns about cattle theft. Cattle tend to be kept in remote places and their value has risen, making them appealing targets. 12. What is a problem with the cattle-raising industry? A. Soil pollution. B. Lack of workers. C. Aging machines. D. Low profitability. 13. What will Sukkarieh's robot be able to do? A. Monitor the quality of grass. B. Cure the diseased cattle. C. Move cattle to another field. D. Predict weather changes. 14. Why does Pete Bonds still hire cowboys to watch cattle? A. He wants to help them earn a living. B. He thinks men can do the job better. C. He is inexperienced in using robots. D. He enjoys the traditional way of life. 15. How may robots help with cattle watching according to Michael Kelsey? A. Increase the value of cattle. B. Bring down the cost of labor. C. Make the job more appealing. D. Keep cattle from being stolen. 【答案】12. B 13. A 14. B 15. D 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了澳大利亚一名教授正在开发一种机器人，用于监测放牧牛的健康状况。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“An Australian professor is developing a robot to monitor the health of grazing cattle, a development that could bring big changes to a profession that's relied largely on a low-tech approach for decades but is facing a labor shortage.（澳大利亚一名教授正在开发一种机器人，用于监测放牧牛的健康状况，这一开发可能会给畜牧业带来重大变化。几十年来，畜牧业主要依靠低技术手段，但目前正面临劳动力短缺的问题。）”可知，畜牧产业面临劳动力短缺的问题。故选B。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The quality of grassland will be tracked by monitoring the shape, color and texture (质地) of grass.（通过监测草的形状、颜色和质地来跟踪草地的质量。）”可知，Sukkarieh的机器人可以监测草的质量。故选A。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“But Bonds doesn't believe a robot is right for the job. Years of experience in the industry - and failed attempts to use technology - have convinced him that the best way to check cattle is with a man on a horse.（但邦兹认为机器人并不适合这份工作。多年的行业经验——以及使用技术的失败尝试——使他确信，检查牛的最好方法是让一名男子骑在马上。）”可知，皮特·邦兹仍然雇佣牛仔看牛是因为他认为人能做得更好。故选B。 【15题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Michael Kelsey Paris, vice president of the Oklahoma Cattlemen's Association, said a robot could be extremely useful given rising concerns about cattle theft.（俄克拉荷马州养牛人协会副会长迈克尔·凯尔西·帕里斯说，鉴于人们对偷牛的担忧不断上升，机器人可能会非常有用。）”可知，机器人帮助照看牛，可以防止牛被偷。故选D。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 Supporting Others We’re always being told that the secret to happiness lies in helping others. Indeed, it’s natural to want to support those we care about, especially if we are in a position to do so.___16___ When we offer support, it may not always be wanted. ___17___ In this case, offering support in the manner of “... if l were you, I would ...” can feel like a scolding rather than support. If our support feels conditional, it can feel burdensome. ___18___ When someone is trying to manage illness or a house move, just saying “What would help you today?” can be amazingly supportive. Or, suggest what you can do for them: picking up some shopping, taking the dog for a walk. Even if it’s not needed, just knowing you’ ve been thought of can be supportive in itself. Try to be mindful of offering support that is disabling, rather than enabling. My son, when aged five, wanted to make a cup of tea. I could see how inspiring it was for him to be able to do this. So I filled the kettle and took him through the safety measures. It felt like a huge risk but it worked. His pleasure was immeasurable. The same principle applies when we offer support that increases someone else’s capacity. ___19___ Sometimes the only support that’s needed is to listen without judgement. ___20___ This reassures them that someone cares enough to listen while they ground themselves. When times are tough, remember to keep things stable. Waiting until the storm has passed is all it takes. Support often works best when it’s a two-way process. It is good to know how to accept help from others as well as offer support to them. A. Here are the pros and cons of supporting others. B. Just be there, while someone lets out their feelings. C. Ask what support is needed and provide a practical one. D. This can often be a bigger gift than just doing it for them. E. But we can do more by thinking about the support we offer. F. Because being judgmental can only make someone annoyed. G. Sometimes people are trying to manage life in their own way. 【答案】16. E 17. G 18. C 19. D 20. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章介绍了我们应该如何支持别人及在支持别人的过程中应注意什么。 【16题详解】 由上一句“Indeed, it’s natural to want to support those we care about, especially if we are in a position to do so.(确实，想要支持那些我们在乎的人是很正常的，特别是如果我们有能力这么做的话)”可知，E选项“But we can do more by thinking about the support we offer.(但是，通过考虑我们提供的支持，我们可以做的更多)”承接上文，且选项中“thinking about the support we offer(想想我们提供的支持)”与下文“When we offer support, it may not always be wanted(当我们提供支持时，可能并不总是被需要的)”相呼应，符合语境。故选E。 【17题详解】 由上一句“When we offer support, it may not always be wanted.(当我们提供支持时，它可能并不总是被需要的)”和下一句“In this case, offering support in the manner of “... if I were you, I would ...” can feel like a scolding rather than support.(在这种情况下，以一种“如果我是你……，我会……)”的方式提供帮助，感觉像是一种斥责而不是支持。”可知，此空承上启下。G选项:“Sometimes people are trying to manage life in their own way.(有时人们想用自己的方式管理生活)”与上文“it may not always be wanted(它可能并不总是被需要的)”和下文“In this case(在这种情况下)”相呼应。故选G。 【18题详解】 由下文“ When someone is trying to manage illness or a house move, just saying “What would help you today?” can be amazingly supportive (当别人正试图处理疾病或者搬家的时候，只是说一句“有什么能帮你的吗？就是一种极大的支持)”可知，C选项：Ask what support is needed and provide a practical one.(询问需要什么支持并提供一个实际的)符合语境，选项中“Ask what support is needed(询问需要什么支持)”与下文“just saying, What would help you today?( 只是说一句，有什么能帮你的吗?)”相呼应。故选C。 【19题详解】 由上一句“The same principle applies when we offer support that increases someone else’s capacity.(同样的原则也适用于，当我们提供支持以增强一个人的能力时)”可知，D选项：This can often be a bigger gift than just doing it for them. (与为他们做这件事相比，这往往是一个更大的礼物)符合语境。D选项中“This”指代上文“when we offer support that increases someone else’s capacity(当我们提供的支持增加了别人的能力)”。故选D。 【20题详解】 由上一句“Sometimes the only support that’s needed is to listen without judgement(有时，唯一需要的支持就是聆听，不加评判)”可知，B选项：Just be there, while someone lets out their feelings.( 当有人倾诉的时候，你就待在那里)中“Just be there(你就待在那里)”承接上文“to listen without judgement(不加评判地倾听)”。故选B。 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 完型填空。（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I once worked in the remote but beautiful countryside. All farm work can, in my experience, ____21____ a person to develop a Spartan (斯巴达式的) spirit. From the age of eight, I had to contribute my share of ____22____ along with my parents and two elder brothers. On the hottest summer days when the air ____23____ flowed, I knelt in a paddy field (稻田) with my knees deep in mud. The bugs and worms in the water ____24____ into my skin, and the sun burned upon my ____25____ back. Sweat streamed down; if a drop ran into the eyes, it would ____26____ tears. So I always kept my face as low as possible. I told myself, “Be ____27____!” If my parents and brothers could go on taking it, so could I. ____28____ I pulled myself together and dragged myself forward. I learned not to be afraid of difficulties and the meaning of “you reap (收获) what you ____29____”. “Judge a man not by his face, but by his ____30____,” my mother used to say. The land is ____31____, as long as you are willing to work on it. When the wind blew and the rice plants moved like ____32____ in the sea, breathtakingly beautiful, a deep sense of satisfaction ____33____ in me. Although later I went into academic research, I shall always remember what working in the paddy fields taught me: ____34____ your feet firmly on the ground, never give up and you will be ____35____. 21. A. remind B. warn C. require D. train 22. A. wealth B. luck C. labour D. wisdom 23. A. gently B. hardly C. heavily D. usually 24. A. climbed B. bit C. cut D. fell 25. A. arched B. broad C. strong D. straightened 26. A. hold B. produce C. drop D. replace 27. A. quick B. proud C. quiet D. patient 28. A. Slowly B. Slightly C. Safely D. Sadly 29. A. pick B. find C. sow D. wish 30. A. fields B. books C. neighbours D. clothes 31. A. affordable B. acceptable C. dependable D. livable 32. A. boats B. weeds C. fishes D. waves 33. A. welled up B. broke up C. cooled off D. held off 34. A. drag B. kick C. plant D. lift 35. A. promoted B. educated C. comforted D. rewarded 【答案】21. D 22. C 23. B 24. B 25. A 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. C 30. A 31. C 32. D 33. A 34. C 35. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者回忆了自己在农村稻田劳作的经历，阐述了这段经历培养了自己的坚韧精神，让自己懂得了脚踏实地、不放弃就会有收获的道理。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：以我的经验，所有的农活都能培养一个人形成斯巴达式的精神。A. remind提醒；B. warn警告；C. require要求；D. train培养，训练。根据下文的“develop a Spartan (斯巴达式的) spirit”可知，农活能起到培养精神的作用，train符合语境。故选D项。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：从八岁起，我就得和父母以及两个哥哥一起分担劳动。A. wealth财富；B. luck运气；C. labour劳动；D. wisdom智慧。第一段“I once worked in the remote but beautiful countryside. All farm work can, in my experience, 　　1　　a person to develop a Spartan (斯巴达式的) spirit.”以及下文“I knelt in a paddy field (稻田) with my knees deep in mud.”提到在农村干农活，这里说分担的应该是劳动，C选项符合文意。故选C项。 【23题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：在最热的夏天，空气几乎不流动的时候，我跪在稻田里，膝盖深陷在泥里。A. gently温柔地；B. hardly几乎不；C. heavily沉重地；D. usually通常。上文的“hottest summer days”说明天气炎热，几乎没有风，空气应该是几乎不流动， 符合炎热天气的特点。故选B项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：水里的虫子咬进我的皮肤，太阳炙烤着我弓着的后背。A. climbed爬；B. bit咬；C. cut割；D. fell落下。“bugs and worms”通常是咬人的皮肤，B选项符合虫子的行为。故选B项。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：水里的虫子咬进我的皮肤，太阳炙烤着我弓着的后背。A. arched拱形的，弧形的；B. broad宽阔的；C. strong强壮的；D. straightened伸直的。根据上文的“I knelt in a paddy field (稻田) with my knees deep in mud.”可知，在稻田劳作时，人通常是弓着背的，此处指成拱形的后背，A选项符合劳作时的姿势。故选A项。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：汗水流下来；如果一滴汗流进眼睛里，就会流泪。A. hold持有；B. produce产生；C. drop掉下，使落下；D. replace代替。根据上文的“Sweat streamed down; if a drop ran into the eyes”可知，汗水流进眼睛会刺激眼睛产生眼泪，“produce”有“产生”的意思，符合语境。故选B项。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我告诉自己：“要有耐心！”A. quick快速的；B. proud骄傲的；C. quiet安静的；D. patient耐心的。根据下文的“If my parents and brothers could go on taking it, so could I.”可知，在艰苦的劳作环境中，作者需要鼓励自己有耐心坚持下去。故选D项。 【28题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：慢慢地，我振作起来，拖着自己向前走。A. Slowly慢慢地；B. Slightly轻微地；C. Safely安全地；D. Sadly悲伤地。根据下文的“I pulled myself together and dragged myself forward”可知，作者在自我鼓励后，逐渐振作起来，“Slowly”能体现这个过程，A选项符合语境。故选A项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我学会了不要害怕困难，也懂得了“一分耕耘，一分收获”的含义。A. pick采摘；B. find找到；C. sow播种；D. wish希望。根据空前“you reap what you”结合作者干农活，可知此处想强调“一分耕耘，一分收获”，sow“播种”对应 reap“收获”，“you reap (收获) what you sow”是固定表达。故选C项。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“不要以貌取人，而要以他的田地来评判他。”我母亲过去常说。A. fields田地；B. books书籍；C. neighbours邻居；D. clothes衣服。根据后文“The land is”结合前文在农村干农活的内容，这里说通过田地来评判一个人，A选项符合农村的情境。故选A项。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：土地是可靠的，只要你愿意在上面劳作。A. affordable负担得起的；B. acceptable可接受的；C. dependable可靠的；D. livable宜居的。根据上文根据上文“you reap what you”以及下文的“as long as you are willing to work on it”可知，只要在土地上劳作就会有收获，说明土地是可靠的，C选项符合对土地的描述。故选C项。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当微风吹过，稻苗像海浪一样在海里摇曳，美得令人惊叹，一种深深的满足感在我心中涌起。A. boats船；B. weeds杂草；C. fishes鱼；D. waves波浪。根据上文“When the wind blew”以及空后“in the sea”可知，此处指风吹动的稻田就像海浪一样。故选D项。 【33题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：当微风吹过，稻苗像海浪一样在海里摇曳，美得令人惊叹，一种深深的满足感在我心中涌起。A. welled up涌起；B. broke up分手，破裂；C. cooled off冷却，镇静下来；D. held off推迟。根据上文“a deep sense of satisfaction”此处指看到风吹稻田呈现的美景心中涌起满足感，故选A项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然后来我从事学术研究，但我将永远记住在稻田劳作教给我的道理：脚踏实地，永不放弃，你就会得到回报。A. drag拖；B. kick踢；C. plant放置，扎根，（使思想、信念等）植根于；D. lift举起。根据上文“ what working in the paddy fields”以及“I knelt in a paddy field (稻田) with my knees deep in mud”可知，此处指从事学术研究和种植水稻一样，要脚踏实地，不辞辛劳；“plant your feet firmly on the ground”表示“脚踏实地”符合语境。故选C项。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然后来我从事学术研究，但我将永远记住在稻田劳作教给我的道理：脚踏实地，永不放弃，你就会得到回报。A. promoted提升；B. educated教育；C. comforted安慰；D. rewarded回报。根据前文的“you reap (收获) what you sow”可知，脚踏实地、不放弃就会有收获，也就是会得到回报。故选D项。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 To understand a painting, we’re taught to look for color, composition, and light. But how can a painting ____36____ (appreciate)by someone who’s blind? Through touch, the one thing gallery signs tell you not ____37____ (do). John Olson, a former ____38____ (photograph)and his team turn paintings into fully textured 3D models. The tactile(可触知的)paintings work as a way to show art to ____39____ blind because we don’t see with just Our eyes: We see with our brains. Research in the field of neuroplasticity-the brain’s adaptability-shows that the visual cortex(大脑皮层)is made active by touch. Blind people recognize shapes with their ____40____ (exist) senses, in a way similar to that of ____41____ (sight )people, says Ella Striem-Amit, a Harvard scientist. Luc Gandarias, who’s now thirteen, went blind suddenly ____42____ age seven. When he felt a 3D version of Leonardo da Vinci’s “Mona Lisa” he ____43____ (notice)her smile right away. ”I can actually feel what you see when you look at it,” he said. For Luc, this means ____44____ (independent). "The feeling of being able to see it _____45_____ to form my opinion is like breaking down another wall as a blind person.” 【答案】36. be appreciated 37. to do 38. photographer 39. the 40. existing 41. sighted 42. at 43. noticed 44. independence 45. and 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了触觉画是向盲人展示艺术的一种方式。 【36题详解】 考查含有情态动词的被动语态。句意：但是一个盲人怎么能欣赏一幅画呢？主语a painting与谓语appreciate为被动关系，且置于情态动词can 之后，所以本句为含有情态动词的被动语态。 故填be appreciated。 【37题详解】 考查不定式。句意：通过触摸，这是画廊招牌告诉你不要做的一件事。tell sb not to do sth“告诉某人不要做某事”为固定短语。故填to do。 【38题详解】 考查名词。句意：约翰·奥尔森是一位前摄影师，他和他的团队将绘画转化为全纹理3D模型。单数名词做主语，根据句意表示“摄影师”，此处为单数概念，故填photographer。 【39题详解】 考查冠词。句意：触觉画是向盲人展示艺术的一种方式，因为我们不仅仅用眼睛看；我们用大脑看。the blind“盲人”，the+形容词表示一类人。故填the。 【40题详解】 考查形容词。句意：哈佛大学的科学家埃拉·斯特里姆-阿米特(Ella Striem-Amit)说，盲人用他们现有的感官识别形状，在某种程度上与正常人相似。形容词existing作定语，修饰sense。故填existing。 【41题详解】 考查形容词。句意：哈佛大学的科学家埃拉·斯特里姆-阿米特(Ella Striem-Amit)说，盲人用他们现有的感官识别形状，在某种程度上与正常人相似。形容词sighted作定语修饰名词people，表示“能看见的、不盲的”。故填sighted。 【42题详解】 考查介词。句意：Luc Gandarias今年13岁，7岁时突然失明。表示在多大年龄时，用介词at。故填at。 【43题详解】 考查时态。句意：当他触摸到莱昂纳多·达·芬奇的3D版《蒙娜丽莎》时，他立刻注意到了她的微笑。根据“he felt”可知，本句为一般过去时。故填noticed。 【44题详解】 考查名词。句意：对卢克来说，这意味着独立。不可数名词independence作mean的宾语。 故填independence。 【45题详解】 考查连词。句意：能够看到它并形成我的观点的感觉就像盲人推倒了另一堵墙。根据句意可知，前后为并列关系，所以用and来连接。故填and。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 为了弘扬中国文化，你所在地区的古文化街即将在春节期间举办庙会。假设你是晨光中学的李华，你打算邀请英国朋友Peter一起去庙会游玩，请给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括： 1. 发出诚挚的邀请； 2. 介绍活动内容； 3. 期待接受邀请及回复。 参考词汇：古文化街 Ancient Culture Street 庙会 temple fair 注意：1. 写作词数应为80词左右； 2. 请按以下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Peter, How is everything going? _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Peter, How is everything going? Knowing that you have a deep passion for Chinese culture, I’m writing to invite you to the temple fair at the Ancient Culture Street during the Spring Festival. This event will be a cultural feast. There will be exciting lion and dragon dances that showcase our traditional art. You can also try a wide range of delicious local snacks, from sweet tanghulu to savory baozi. Moreover, unique handicrafts will be on display for purchase. I really hope you can come and experience this wonderful event with me. Looking forward to your prompt reply. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文要求考生给英国朋友Peter写一封电子邮件，邀请他一起去庙会游玩。 【详解】1.词汇积累 热情，激情：passion → enthusiasm 展示：showcase → display 各种各样的：a wide range of → a variety of 美味可口的：savory → delicious 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：This event will be a cultural feast. 拓展句：This event, which is full of traditional elements, will be a cultural feast. 【点睛】【高分句型1】 Knowing that you have a deep passion for Chinese culture, I’m writing to invite you to the temple fair at the Ancient Culture Street during the Spring Festival.(运用了现在分词作状语及that引导宾语从句) 【高分句型2】There will be exciting lion and dragon dances that showcase our traditional art.(运用了that引导定语从句) 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Tim’s heart raced as he drove to the lawyer’s office. He was bequeathed (遗赠) a mysterious box his dad had never allowed him and his sister to even go near. He signed papers, but was shocked to learn he didn’t get the key to open it and nothing about the key was mentioned in the will. “You’ll have to figure that out!” the lawyer said. Tim left the office, puzzled about what his late dad had left him. Just then, he remembered his childhood home where he and his twin sister Karen grew up. They had lost their mother just two months after they were born. They were raised by their dad Jonathan, and the two were the best friends! As they grew older, they were drawn to the mysterious box, but their dad warned them never to touch it, and even hung the key on a nail high above the fireplace so that they would never get their hands on its contents. Whatever he was hiding from his kids, he was on guard at all times. As the years fleeted by, Tim and Karen moved on with their respective lives. And their brother-sister bond went downhill. The twins fought over who would inherit (继承) their dad’s house. Jonathan was heartbroken and whatever trick he tried to reconcile (和解) them, nothing worked. Meanwhile, Jonathan’s health began to decline, and even on his deathbed, he wished his kids would put aside their differences and get back together. What would Tim do with the inherited box now? He went to his childhood home to find the key. The house no longer appeared like that loving home Tim remembered growing up in. When he reached to grab the key above the fireplace he sensed someone behind him. “What are you doing here?” screamed Karen, casting the cell phone flashlight on Tim’s face. “Dad bequeathed me his old chest, and I came here looking for the key. But what are you doing here?” “Dad bequeathed me the key! So I came here to find the chest,” said Karen, puzzled about his father’s decision. 注意： 1.写作词数应为150左右； 2.请在答题卡的相应位置作答。 “Something had to be wrong,” they thought and stared at each other. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Tears ran down their cheeks at seeing their childhood photos with their father and mother. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 “Something had to be wrong,” they thought and stared at each other. Both of them were puzzled about why their father gave one the key and the other the chest. Neither could open the chest without the other’s help. Suddenly they realized that only by giving out what their father gave them could they have the possibility to open the chest. Their father wanted them both put down their hatred and their father had been expecting they reconciled with each other. Karen gently passed the key to Tim and said, “You can open the chest with this key.” Tears ran down their cheeks at seeing their childhood photos with their father and mother. They saw how sweet and happy they used to be. But now their brother-sister bond went downhill, and they had lost their beloved father and mother. Until death, their father still wanted to see them reconcile with each other, but they didn’t. What they did must have made their father sad and disappointed. At this moment, they felt more than guilty and they made up their mind to fix the gap and went back to their sweet and happy brother-sister life. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为中心展开，主要讲述蒂姆和凯伦兄妹两个各自收到了父亲的遗赠——一个盒子和一把钥匙，因为父亲想让关系走到低谷的兄妹两个能够和好如初。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容““肯定出了什么问题，”他们想了想，然后互相凝视。”可知，第一段可描写兄妹两个体会到了父亲的用意。 ②由第二段首句内容“看到他们童年时与父亲和母亲的合影，眼泪顺着脸颊流了下来。”可知，第二段可描写他们兄妹二人和好的事情。 2.续写线索：困惑——领悟——后悔——和解 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①认识到：realize/catch on/recognize ②期待：expect/await ③和解：reconcile/fix the gap 情绪类 ①困惑的：puzzled/confused ②内疚的：guilty/compunctious 【点睛】【高分句型1】Both of them were puzzled about why their father gave one the key and the other the chest.（由why引导的宾语从句） 【高分句型2】Suddenly they realized that only by giving out what their father gave them could they have the possibility to open the chest.（由that和what引导的宾语从句，以及部分倒装） 【高分句型3】What they did must have made their father sad and disappointed.（由what引导的主语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 高2023级高二下学期第一次学段考试 英语试题 满分：150分 考试时间：120分钟 第一部分 听力理解（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Why is the woman cutting her own hair? A. Her favorite hairstylist isn’t available. B. She wants to learn a new skill. C. She is trying to save money. 2. What is the woman’s mother good at making? A. Spaghetti. B. Pizza. C. Apple pie. 3. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Husband and wife. B. Fellow workers. C. Doctor and patient. 4. Which optional course does the woman suggest the man take? A. Personal Finance. B. Music Education. C. Psychology. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A photo exhibition. B. Travel destinations. C. An art gallery. 第二节（共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Where is the woman going first? A. To her home. B. To a library. C. To a bus stop. 7. Which word best describes the man? A. Forgetful. B. Helpful. C. Impatient. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What did the woman get in the book The Shining? A. A plane ticket. B. A five-dollar bill. C. A photo. 9. In which book did the woman find a letter? A. Metaphors We Live By. B. The Moon and Sixpence. C. Introduction to Algorithms. 10. When did the man get the book Introduction to Algorithms? A. Three days ago. B. Two years ago. C. Five years ago. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. In what way does the man try to locate Jennifer’s phone? A. By making a phone call. B. By asking his friends for help. C. By going to the lost and found. 12. Why didn’t Jennifer note down the details about the taxi? A. She was viewing some important photos. B. She was in a hurry to get to work. C. She was talking on the phone. 13. How does the man sound in the end? A. Anxious. B. Annoyed. C. Optimistic. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. When did Emily start showing interest in the violin? A. After she watched a live show. B. After she took a violin lesson. C. After she got her first violin. 15. How many hours a day did Emily practice the violin at first? A. About one hour. B. About four hours. C. About five hours. 16. What did Emily do at the age of 17? A. She performed at Carnegie Hall. B. She travelled with her parents. C. She entered a national contest. 17. Which is Emily’s second album? A. Symphonic Dreams. B. Harmony. C. Strings of Passion. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. How many of the top 10 winners are from Peru? A. One. B. Two. C. Three. 19. Where does Korenc Karel come from? A. Zambia. B. The United States. C. The Czech Republic. 20. What does Markus Hanisch say about Shaolin kung fu? A. It encourages people to keep a healthy lifestyle. B. It promotes cultural exchanges between countries. C. It plays an important role in his personal growth. 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分50 分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Ticket Information Due to extremely high demand, tickets for the three traditional end-of-year concerts of the Vienna Philharmonic are drawn(抽签)on the Vienna Philharmonic website. In this way, people worldwide have an equal chance to purchase these highly desired tickets. Application Period: February 1-28, 2023 During this period, interested persons can apply on this website for tickets to the Preview Performance, the New Year’s Eve Concert, and the New Year’s Concert. The first step toward making an application for tickets is to register for the drawing. The registration is separate from your user account for the Webshop and is specifically for the drawing. Users can enter their ticket preferences for the upcoming concerts during the application period. Price Categories The number of tickets for the New Year’s Concert is limited to two, and the number of tickets for the Preview Performance and New Year’s Eve Concert can be up to four. The ticket prices range between 35€ and 1200 € for the New Year’s Concert, 25 € and 860 € for the New Year’s Eve Concert, and between 20€ and 495 € for the Preview Performance. If you wish to change your application, you may only do so during the application period. In March, you will know the results of the drawing. When Should I Apply? Within the one-month application period, the actual time of application is irrelevant. An application made on February 1 has the same chances as an application made on February 28. The only way to obtain tickets for these concerts is by taking part in the online drawing! Requests submitted through the postal system, by e-mail or by any other means will not be considered! For more information, please click here. 1. How much should you pay at least for two tickets for the New Year’s Concert? A. 35€. B. 40€. C. 50€. D. 70€. 2. How do you get tickets for these concerts? A. By applying on the website. B. By posting requests through the postal system. C. By making the application as early as possible. D. By sending email to the Vienna Philharmonic website. 3. Where does this text probably come from? A. A newspaper. B. A webpage. C. A music magazine. D. A tourist brochure. B Is modern fruit cultivated (培育) to be sweeter than in the past? The short answer is yes, though the longer answer is more complicated. Some of the most powerful evidence that fruit is sweeter than before comes from zoos. In 2018, it was reported that Melboume Zoo in Australia had stopped giving fruit to most of its animals because cultivated fruit was now so sweet that it was causing tooth decay (蛀牙) and weight gain. The monkeys at the zoo were provided with a lower-sugar vegetable-based diet instead of bananas. Among fruit cultivators, the word “quality” is now routinely used as an equal for “high in sugar” (though firmness, color and size are also considerations). In 2010, in an article looking at ways to enhance the sweetness of fruit using “molecuiar (分子的) approaches”, a group of plant scientists of the Republic of Korea wrote that “in general, the sugar content” of many fruits is now higher than before “owing to continuous selection and breeding”. Modern apple varieties, the scientists noted, were on average sweeter than older ones. Cultivation isn’t the only reason that modern fruit is sweeter; there’s also climate change. Research from Japan found that since the 1970s, with rising temperatures, Fuji apples (which were already a sweet variety) have become significantly sweeter and softer. The lead researcher, Toshihoko Sugiura, said that “if you could taste an apple harvested 30 years ago, you would feel the difference”. It is sometimes claimed that the sweetness of modern fruit is not due to higher sugar content so much as the fact that the bitterness and sourness of wild fruit have been steadily cultivated out of it. There’s a grain — but only a grain — of truth in this. Studies of wild apples do indeed suggest that some ancient varieties were just as high in sugar as a modern Pink Lady or Honeycrisp. The difference is that there was much wider variation in sugar content across wild apples whereas the modern supermarket apple seldom drops below a certain level of sweetness. 4. Why did Melbourne Zoo stop giving fruit to most of its animals? A. The animals preferred a vegetable- based diet. B. Modern fruit did great harm to animals’ teeth. C. The sugar content of modern fruit is lower than before. D. The flavor of modern fruit was not good for the animals. 5 What can we learn from paragraph 3? A. The sugar content is breeders’ first priority. B. Sweeter fruits are just a result of natural selection. C. The sweetness of modern apples is equal to the average of older ones. D. Molecular approaches are adopted to add the sweetness of modern fruit. 6. What do studies of wild apples in the last paragraph suggest? A. Apples of old species tasted less sweet. B. The sugar content of wild apples varied greatly. C. The sweetness of modern apples is of the same level. D. Fruit is sweet because bitterness in it has disappeared. 7. What’s the best title for this passage? A. Modern or Old: Which Is Better? B. Modern Fruit: Sweetness Is Quality. C. Fruit Is Sweeter: It’s Not a Misconception. D. Melbourne Zoo: Animals Stop Eating Fruits. C When you’re bored, you might start playing with a ball or other objects. Such behavior is common in people. Other animals like it too—that’s why a dog fetches a stick, or a cat bats at toys. Play is an enjoyable way to pass the time. A new study finds that it’s not just mammals that like to play. Bumblebees (大黄蜂) do it too, making them the first insects known to play. In the study, Hiruni Samadi Galpayage Dona, an insect expert, did an experiment using 200 untrained bumblebees to see if they might play. Of those, 45 would be marked with a number when they emerged as adults. A pathway was set up from the bumblebees’ nest to a feeding area. One side contained small wooden balls that rolled. The other side had the same number of balls, but they were stuck to the floor. Half balls on each side were colored balls. The rest were left unpainted. For three hours a day over 18 days, Galpayage Dona found bumblebees weren’t so interested in the side where the balls didn’t move, but they explored the side areas and interacted with the balls. Once they managed to roll a ball, they strongly preferred that side. They returned, climbing on the balls and rolling them around. She also found bumblebees preferred certain colors of balls. “There’s something about the mobility that is more interesting for the bumblebees than just colored objects,” Galpayage Dona says. In another experiment, she sometimes left the balls out overnight. “When I came in the next day, I would always find some bumblebees rolling the balls.” As with mammals, the bumblebees who played the most were the younger ones. Their play tapered off as they got older. The scientists say it’s not clear why the bumblebees roll the balls or whether they enjoy it. But the experiment raises important questions about how the insects’ minds work and whether they have feelings. 8. How does the author introduce the topic? A. By describing the fun of play. B. By analyzing reasons for boredom. C. By introducing similar phenomena. D. By presenting animals’ cute images. 9 What did the researcher do in the experiment? A. She trained bumblebees to play balls. B. She put small balls along the pathway. C. She set up a pathway in bumblebees’ nest. D. She rewarded the bumblebees with rolled balls. 10. What does the underlined part “tapered off” probably mean in paragraph 5? A. Mattered. B. Helped. C. Decreased. D. Emerged. 11. What can be the best title for the text? A. Bumblebees Prefer Shape to Color B. Balls Are Bumblebees’ Favorite Toys C. Playing with Objects Is Animals’ Second Nature D. Bumblebees Are the First Insects Known to Play D An Australian professor is developing a robot to monitor the health of grazing cattle, a development that could bring big changes to a profession that's relied largely on a low-tech approach for decades but is facing a labor shortage. Salah Sukkarieh, a professor at the University of Sydney, sees robots as necessary given how cattlemen are aging. He is building a four-wheeled robot that will run on solar and electric power. It will use cameras and sensors to monitor the animals. A computer system will analyze the video to determine whether a cow is sick. Radio tags (标签) on the animals will measure temperature changes. The quality of grassland will be tracked by monitoring the shape, color and texture (质地) of grass. That way, cattlemen will know whether they need to move their cattle to another field for nutrition purposes. Machines have largely taken over planting, watering and harvesting crops such as corn and wheat, but the monitoring of cattle has gone through fewer changes. For Texas cattleman Pete Bonds, it's increasingly difficult to find workers interested in watching cattle. But Bonds doesn't believe a robot is right for the job. Years of experience in the industry - and failed attempts to use technology - have convinced him that the best way to check cattle is with a man on a horse. Bonds, who bought his first cattle almost 50 years ago, still has each of his cowboys inspect 300 or 400 cattle daily and look for signs that an animal is getting sick. Other cattlemen see more promise in robots. Michael Kelsey Paris, vice president of the Oklahoma Cattlemen's Association, said a robot could be extremely useful given rising concerns about cattle theft. Cattle tend to be kept in remote places and their value has risen, making them appealing targets. 12. What is a problem with the cattle-raising industry? A. Soil pollution. B. Lack of workers. C. Aging machines. D. Low profitability. 13. What will Sukkarieh's robot be able to do? A. Monitor the quality of grass. B. Cure the diseased cattle. C. Move cattle to another field. D. Predict weather changes. 14. Why does Pete Bonds still hire cowboys to watch cattle? A. He wants to help them earn a living. B. He thinks men can do the job better. C. He is inexperienced in using robots. D. He enjoys the traditional way of life. 15. How may robots help with cattle watching according to Michael Kelsey? A. Increase the value of cattle. B. Bring down the cost of labor. C. Make the job more appealing. D. Keep cattle from being stolen. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 Supporting Others We’re always being told that the secret to happiness lies in helping others. Indeed, it’s natural to want to support those we care about, especially if we are in a position to do so.___16___ When we offer support, it may not always be wanted. ___17___ In this case, offering support in the manner of “... if l were you, I would ...” can feel like a scolding rather than support. If our support feels conditional, it can feel burdensome. ___18___ When someone is trying to manage illness or a house move, just saying “What would help you today?” can be amazingly supportive. Or, suggest what you can do for them: picking up some shopping, taking the dog for a walk. Even if it’s not needed, just knowing you’ ve been thought of can be supportive in itself. Try to be mindful of offering support that is disabling, rather than enabling. My son, when aged five, wanted to make a cup of tea. I could see how inspiring it was for him to be able to do this. So I filled the kettle and took him through the safety measures. It felt like a huge risk but it worked. His pleasure was immeasurable. The same principle applies when we offer support that increases someone else’s capacity. ___19___ Sometimes the only support that’s needed is to listen without judgement. ___20___ This reassures them that someone cares enough to listen while they ground themselves. When times are tough, remember to keep things stable. Waiting until the storm has passed is all it takes. Support often works best when it’s a two-way process. It is good to know how to accept help from others as well as offer support to them. A. Here are the pros and cons of supporting others. B. Just be there, while someone lets out their feelings. C. Ask what support is needed and provide a practical one. D. This can often be a bigger gift than just doing it for them. E. But we can do more by thinking about the support we offer. F Because being judgmental can only make someone annoyed. G. Sometimes people are trying to manage life in their own way. 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 完型填空。（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I once worked in the remote but beautiful countryside. All farm work can, in my experience, ____21____ a person to develop a Spartan (斯巴达式的) spirit. From the age of eight, I had to contribute my share of ____22____ along with my parents and two elder brothers. On the hottest summer days when the air ____23____ flowed, I knelt in a paddy field (稻田) with my knees deep in mud. The bugs and worms in the water ____24____ into my skin, and the sun burned upon my ____25____ back. Sweat streamed down; if a drop ran into the eyes, it would ____26____ tears. So I always kept my face as low as possible. I told myself, “Be ____27____!” If my parents and brothers could go on taking it, so could I. ____28____ I pulled myself together and dragged myself forward. I learned not to be afraid of difficulties and the meaning of “you reap (收获) what you ____29____”. “Judge a man not by his face, but by his ____30____,” my mother used to say. The land is ____31____, as long as you are willing to work on it. When the wind blew and the rice plants moved like ____32____ in the sea, breathtakingly beautiful, a deep sense of satisfaction ____33____ in me. Although later I went into academic research, I shall always remember what working in the paddy fields taught me: ____34____ your feet firmly on the ground, never give up and you will be ____35____. 21. A. remind B. warn C. require D. train 22. A. wealth B. luck C. labour D. wisdom 23. A. gently B. hardly C. heavily D. usually 24. A. climbed B. bit C. cut D. fell 25. A. arched B. broad C. strong D. straightened 26. A. hold B. produce C. drop D. replace 27. A. quick B. proud C. quiet D. patient 28. A. Slowly B. Slightly C. Safely D. Sadly 29. A. pick B. find C. sow D. wish 30. A. fields B. books C. neighbours D. clothes 31. A. affordable B. acceptable C. dependable D. livable 32. A. boats B. weeds C. fishes D. waves 33. A. welled up B. broke up C. cooled off D. held off 34. A. drag B. kick C. plant D. lift 35. A. promoted B. educated C. comforted D. rewarded 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 To understand a painting, we’re taught to look for color, composition, and light. But how can a painting ____36____ (appreciate)by someone who’s blind? Through touch, the one thing gallery signs tell you not ____37____ (do). John Olson, a former ____38____ (photograph)and his team turn paintings into fully textured 3D models. The tactile(可触知的)paintings work as a way to show art to ____39____ blind because we don’t see with just Our eyes: We see with our brains. Research in the field of neuroplasticity-the brain’s adaptability-shows that the visual cortex(大脑皮层)is made active by touch. Blind people recognize shapes with their ____40____ (exist) senses, in a way similar to that of ____41____ (sight )people, says Ella Striem-Amit, a Harvard scientist. Luc Gandarias, who’s now thirteen, went blind suddenly ____42____ age seven. When he felt a 3D version of Leonardo da Vinci’s “Mona Lisa” he ____43____ (notice)her smile right away. ”I can actually feel what you see when you look at it,” he said. For Luc, this means ____44____ (independent). "The feeling of being able to see it _____45_____ to form my opinion is like breaking down another wall as a blind person.” 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 为了弘扬中国文化，你所在地区的古文化街即将在春节期间举办庙会。假设你是晨光中学的李华，你打算邀请英国朋友Peter一起去庙会游玩，请给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括： 1. 发出诚挚的邀请； 2. 介绍活动内容； 3. 期待接受邀请及回复。 参考词汇：古文化街 Ancient Culture Street 庙会 temple fair 注意：1. 写作词数应为80词左右； 2. 请按以下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Peter, How is everything going? _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Tim’s heart raced as he drove to the lawyer’s office. He was bequeathed (遗赠) a mysterious box his dad had never allowed him and his sister to even go near. He signed papers, but was shocked to learn he didn’t get the key to open it and nothing about the key was mentioned in the will. “You’ll have to figure that out!” the lawyer said. Tim left the office, puzzled about what his late dad had left him. Just then, he remembered his childhood home where he and his twin sister Karen grew up. They had lost their mother just two months after they were born. They were raised by their dad Jonathan, and the two were the best friends! As they grew older, they were drawn to the mysterious box, but their dad warned them never to touch it, and even hung the key on a nail high above the fireplace so that they would never get their hands on its contents. Whatever he was hiding from his kids, he was on guard at all times. As the years fleeted by, Tim and Karen moved on with their respective lives. And their brother-sister bond went downhill. The twins fought over who would inherit (继承) their dad’s house. Jonathan was heartbroken and whatever trick he tried to reconcile (和解) them, nothing worked. Meanwhile, Jonathan’s health began to decline, and even on his deathbed, he wished his kids would put aside their differences and get back together. What would Tim do with the inherited box now? He went to his childhood home to find the key. The house no longer appeared like that loving home Tim remembered growing up in. When he reached to grab the key above the fireplace, he sensed someone behind him. “What are you doing here?” screamed Karen, casting the cell phone flashlight on Tim’s face. “Dad bequeathed me his old chest, and I came here looking for the key. But what are you doing here?” “Dad bequeathed me the key! So I came here to find the chest,” said Karen, puzzled about his father’s decision. 注意： 1.写作词数应为150左右； 2.请在答题卡的相应位置作答。 “Something had to be wrong,” they thought and stared at each other. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Tears ran down their cheeks at seeing their childhood photos with their father and mother ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$