Unit 4 Section Ⅱ Welcome to the unit & Reading(课件PPT+Word教案)-【步步高】2024-2025学年高一英语必修第二册教师用书（译林版2020）

Section Ⅱ Welcome to the unit & Reading Exploring literature Unit 4 Part 1　课文整体理解 Part 2　长句难句分析 整体理解 课文 3 Step 1　速读——整体理解文意 Ⅰ.明文章大意 What is the main idea of the passage? A.The permanence of literature. B.The truth and beauty of literature. C.The significant qualities of literature. D.The significance of appreciating literature. √ Ⅱ.悉篇章结构 The wonder of literature Paras. 1-2 Introduction：the story of a child and a man to 1._________________ Paras. 3-5 Para. 6 Body: 2._____________ of literature Summary: 3.________________ of literature introduce the topic three qualities the significance Step 2　细读——深度获取细节 1.What’s the function of telling about a child and a man walking on the beach in paragraph 1? A.To lead to the main topic of the text. B.To describe the child’s love for literature. C.To stress how important literature is in our life. D.To explain what the child and the man were doing. √ 2.What does the word “it” in line 10，paragraph 2 mean? A.A little song. B.Literature. C.A new world. D.A great book. √ 3.What makes significant qualities of literature? A.Its attraction to the readers. B.Its description of truth and beauty. C.Its permanent history of the human soul. D.All of the above. √ 4.What can we infer from the passage? A.We can create good literature only by imagining. B.A writer can express his own life and experiences through literature. C.Literature appeals to our feelings and imagination through what it says. D.Some people are too sensitive to find truth and beauty in the real world. √ Step 3　读后——课文语法填空 To enter and enjoy this new world of literature，we need to love literature and make an effort 1.__________(explain) it.Behind every book is a man，behind the man is the race，and behind the race 2.______(be) the natural and social environments.We have now reached a point 3.______ we wish to enjoy and understand literature.Let’s look at some of its significant qualities. to explain are where The first quality of literature is its 4.__________(describe) of truth and beauty.Some truth and beauty remain unnoticed 5.______ a sensitive human soul brings them to our attention，just as the shell reflects the unnoticed sounds.The second quality of literature is its appeal 6._____ our feelings and imagination.Its attraction lies more in what it awakens in us than what it says.The third quality of literature,7.__________(come) out of the other two，is its permanence.To achieve this，it should contain two 8.__________(element)：universal interest and personal style.Good literature reflects the most basic of human nature—love and hate，joy and sadness，fear and hope.It also 9._______(take) on a personal style. description until to coming elements takes In summary，literature is 10.____ expression of life in forms of truth and beauty，the written record of man’s thoughts and feelings，and the history of the human soul. 返 回 the 难句分析 长句 13 1.Then the man explained that the child heard nothing strange，______ that the shell caught a range of sounds too faint ______ human ears.(P44，Para.1) 结构分析：此句是__________句。句中含有两个that引导的______从句。 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ Ⅰ.补句子　析结构 and for 主从复合 宾语 随后男子解释说，孩子听到的声音没有什么奇怪的，只不过是贝壳捕捉到了种种对于人的耳朵来说过于微弱的声音而已。 2.Some _____(true) and beauty remain unnoticed until a sensitive human soul brings them ____ our attention，just as the shell _______(reflect) the unnoticed sounds.(P45，Para.3) 结构分析：此句是__________句。until引导__________从句，as引导__________从句。 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ truth to reflects 主从复合 时间状语 方式状语 一些真与美一直被忽视，直到一个敏锐的人类灵魂让它们引起我们的注意，正如贝壳捕捉到了我们未曾注意的声音一样。 3.One who reads it is capable of _______(see) the beauty that __________ (hide) from his eyes before.(P45，Para.3) 结构分析：此句是__________句。who引导______从句，修饰one，在从句中作_____；that引导_____从句，修饰the beauty，在从句中作_____。 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ seeing was hidden 主从复合 定语 主语 定语 主语 读了这句诗的人便能看到以前隐匿在眼前的美。 4.When Christopher Marlowe’s Doctor Faustus asks ____ the presence of Helen，“Was this the face that launched a thousand ships？” he opens a door through which our ____________(imagine) enters a new world，a world of love，beauty and heroism.(P45，Para.4) 结构分析：此句是_________句。when引导_________从句；在直接引语中that引导_____从句，修饰the face，在从句中作_____；through which是“________________”引导的______从句，修饰a door；a world of love，beauty and heroism是a new world的_______。 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ in imagination 主从复合 时间状语 定语 主语 介词＋关系代词 定语 同位语 克里斯托弗• 马洛笔下的浮士德博士当着海伦的面问：“这就是那张让千艘战舰为之起航的面孔吗？”此时他便打开了一扇门，通过这扇门，我们的想象力进入了一个充满爱、美和英雄主义的新世界。 5.The third quality of literature，coming out of the other two，is its ____________(permanent).(P45，Para.5) 结构分析：此句是______句。coming out of the other two是现在分词短语作______。 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ permanence 简单 定语 文学的第三个特质是其持久的生命力，它源于前两个特质。 Ⅱ.研典句　学用法 1　 be doing...when... A child and a man were walking on the beach when the child found a shell and held it to his ear.(P44，Para.1) 孩子和男人在海滩上散步，孩子发现了一枚贝壳，把它放到了耳边。 结构分析：此句是复合句。句中be doing...when ...意为“正在做……这时……”，when相当于and at this/that time。 含when(用作并列连词)的常用句型还有： be about to do...when...正要做……这时…… be on the point of doing...when...正要做……这时…… had (just) done...when...刚做完……这时…… (1)Tom had just fallen asleep ______ someone knocked at the door. when (2)(读后续写之动作描写)He ____________________________ for the information ______ his cellphone rang. 他正在上网搜索信息，这时他的手机响了。 (3)(读后续写之场景描写)She ___________________________________ ______________________ there was a power failure. 她正要去睡觉，这时突然停电了。 写作佳句 was searching the Internet when was on the point of going to bed when/was about to go to bed when 2　 what引导从句 (1)What amazed the child was not a new world，but the unnoticed music of the old.(P44，Para.1) 让孩子为之惊奇的其实不是一个新世界，而是旧世界那被人忽视的乐音。 (2)Its attraction lies more in what it awakens in us than what it says.(P45，Para.4) 文学的魅力更多在于它唤起了我们什么，而不在于它说了什么。 结构分析：这两句都是主从复合句。句(1)中what引导主语从句，在从句中作主语；表语是not...but...结构，表示“不是……而是……”。句(2)中两个what均引导宾语从句作介词的宾语，且均在从句中作宾语；句中含有more...than...结构，意为“与其说……不如说……”。 what可以引导主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。 • 表示“……的东西或事情”，相当于the things/thing that。 • 表示“……的人”，相当于the person that。 • 表示“……的地方”，相当于the place that。 • 表示“……的时间”，相当于the time that。 (1)We have no idea _________________ to cheer our beloved pet dog up. 我们不知道应该做些什么来使我们的爱犬高兴起来。 (2)This is ___________________________—to always face difficulties and hope for the best. 这就是我父亲教给我的——要时刻面对困难，并抱有最好的希望。 what we should do what my father has taught me (3)(应用文写作之建议信)_______________________ is the meaning of the whole sentence rather than every single word. 你应该关注的是整个句子的意思，而不是每一个单词。 写作佳句 What you should focus on 3 where引导定语从句 In a word，we have now reached a point where we wish to enjoy and understand literature.(P44，Para.2) 总之，我们现在已经到了想要欣赏和理解文学的阶段。 结构分析：此句为主从复合句。句中where引导定语从句，在从句中作地点状语，修饰先行词a point。 有一些表示抽象地点的名词，如：point，stage，position，case，condition，situation等后跟定语从句，常用where引导从句，且在从句中作地点状语。 (1)We have reached a stage _______ we have achieved a lot. (2)Then I got the point _______ I was staying up really late at night to get my work done. (3)Today，we’ll discuss a number of cases _______ beginners of English learning fail to use the language properly. where where where (4)(应用文写作之建议信)Students should involve themselves in community activities _____________________________________. 学生应该参加社区活动，在那里他们可以获得成长的经验。 写作佳句 where they can gain experience for growth ____________ __________ ______________ _________ __________________________ ______________________ _______________________________ _________ 课文重点词块默写 1.惊奇地 2.一系列，各种 3.即将发生(在某人身上)，等待着(某人) 4.(对某人)有吸引力；(使某人)感兴趣 5.一个充满梦想和魔力的世界 6.努力做某事 7.自然和社会环境 8.总之 with wonder a range of in store(for sb) appeal to a world of dreams and magic make an effort to do sth the natural and social environments in a word 9.没有被注意到 10.使……引起某人的注意 11.能够；有能力 12.在于 13.在某人面前 14.由……产生，出自 15.人性 16.承担；呈现；雇用；录用 17.总的来说 ________________ ______________________ _____________ ______ ___________________ ____________ ______________ _______ ___________ remain unnoticed bring...to one’s attention be capable of lie in in the presence of sb come out of human nature take on in summary 18.以……形式 19.书面记录 20.思想和感情 ___________ _________________ ___________________ 返 回 in forms of the written record thoughts and feelings $$ Section Ⅱ　Welcome to the unit & Reading Step 1　速读——整体理解文意 Ⅰ.明文章大意 What is the main idea of the passage? A．The permanence of literature. B．The truth and beauty of literature. C．The significant qualities of literature. D．The significance of appreciating literature. 答案　C Ⅱ.悉篇章结构 Step 2　细读——深度获取细节 1．What’s the function of telling about a child and a man walking on the beach in paragraph 1? A．To lead to the main topic of the text. B．To describe the child’s love for literature. C．To stress how important literature is in our life. D．To explain what the child and the man were doing. 答案　A 2．What does the word “it” in line 10，paragraph 2 mean? A．A little song. B．Literature. C．A new world. D．A great book. 答案　B 3．What makes significant qualities of literature? A．Its attraction to the readers. B．Its description of truth and beauty. C．Its permanent history of the human soul. D．All of the above. 答案　D 4．What can we infer from the passage? A．We can create good literature only by imagining. B．A writer can express his own life and experiences through literature. C．Literature appeals to our feelings and imagination through what it says. D．Some people are too sensitive to find truth and beauty in the real world. 答案　B Step 3　读后——课文语法填空 To enter and enjoy this new world of literature，we need to love literature and make an effort 1.to explain(explain) it.Behind every book is a man，behind the man is the race，and behind the race 2.are(be) the natural and social environments.We have now reached a point 3.where we wish to enjoy and understand literature.Let’s look at some of its significant qualities. The first quality of literature is its 4.description(describe) of truth and beauty.Some truth and beauty remain unnoticed 5.until a sensitive human soul brings them to our attention，just as the shell reflects the unnoticed sounds.The second quality of literature is its appeal 6.to our feelings and imagination.Its attraction lies more in what it awakens in us than what it says.The third quality of literature,7.coming(come) out of the other two，is its permanence.To achieve this，it should contain two 8.elements(element)：universal interest and personal style.Good literature reflects the most basic of human nature—love and hate，joy and sadness，fear and hope.It also 9.takes(take) on a personal style. In summary，literature is 10.the expression of life in forms of truth and beauty，the written record of man’s thoughts and feelings，and the history of the human soul. Ⅰ.补句子　析结构 1．Then the man explained that the child heard nothing strange，and that the shell caught a range of sounds too faint for human ears.(P44，Para.1) 结构分析：此句是主从复合句。句中含有两个that引导的宾语从句。 汉语翻译：随后男子解释说，孩子听到的声音没有什么奇怪的，只不过是贝壳捕捉到了种种对于人的耳朵来说过于微弱的声音而已。 2．Some truth(true) and beauty remain unnoticed until a sensitive human soul brings them to our attention，just as the shell reflects(reflect) the unnoticed sounds.(P45，Para.3) 结构分析：此句是主从复合句。until引导时间状语从句，as引导方式状语从句。 汉语翻译：一些真与美一直被忽视，直到一个敏锐的人类灵魂让它们引起我们的注意，正如贝壳捕捉到了我们未曾注意的声音一样。 3．One who reads it is capable of seeing(see) the beauty that was hidden(hide) from his eyes before.(P45，Para.3) 结构分析：此句是主从复合句。who引导定语从句，修饰one，在从句中作主语；that引导定语从句，修饰the beauty，在从句中作主语。 汉语翻译：读了这句诗的人便能看到以前隐匿在眼前的美。 4．When Christopher Marlowe’s Doctor Faustus asks in the presence of Helen，“Was this the face that launched a thousand ships？” he opens a door through which our imagination(imagine) enters a new world，a world of love，beauty and heroism.(P45，Para.4) 结构分析：此句是主从复合句。when引导时间状语从句；在直接引语中that引导定语从句，修饰the face，在从句中作主语；through which是“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句，修饰a door；a world of love，beauty and heroism是a new world的同位语。 汉语翻译：克里斯托弗·马洛笔下的浮士德博士当着海伦的面问：“这就是那张让千艘战舰为之起航的面孔吗？”此时他便打开了一扇门，通过这扇门，我们的想象力进入了一个充满爱、美和英雄主义的新世界。 5．The third quality of literature，coming out of the other two，is its permanence(permanent)．(P45，Para.5) 结构分析：此句是简单句。coming out of the other two是现在分词短语作定语。 汉语翻译：文学的第三个特质是其持久的生命力，它源于前两个特质。 Ⅱ.研典句　学用法 be doing...when... A child and a man were walking on the beach when the child found a shell and held it to his ear.(P44，Para.1) 孩子和男人在海滩上散步，孩子发现了一枚贝壳，把它放到了耳边。 结构分析：此句是复合句。句中be doing...when ...意为“正在做……这时……”，when相当于and at this/that time。 ———————————————————————————————————————— 含when(用作并列连词)的常用句型还有： be about to do...when...正要做……这时…… be on the point of doing...when...正要做……这时…… had (just) done...when...刚做完……这时…… ———————————————————————————————————————— (1)Tom had just fallen asleep when someone knocked at the door. [写作佳句] (2)(读后续写之动作描写)He was searching the Internet for the information when his cellphone rang. 他正在上网搜索信息，这时他的手机响了。 (3)(读后续写之场景描写)She was on the point of going to bed when/was about to go to bed when there was a power failure. 她正要去睡觉，这时突然停电了。 what引导从句 (1)What amazed the child was not a new world，but the unnoticed music of the old.(P44，Para.1) 让孩子为之惊奇的其实不是一个新世界，而是旧世界那被人忽视的乐音。 (2)Its attraction lies more in what it awakens in us than what it says.(P45，Para.4) 文学的魅力更多在于它唤起了我们什么，而不在于它说了什么。 结构分析：这两句都是主从复合句。句(1)中what引导主语从句，在从句中作主语；表语是not...but...结构，表示“不是……而是……”。句(2)中两个what均引导宾语从句作介词的宾语，且均在从句中作宾语；句中含有more...than...结构，意为“与其说……不如说……”。 ———————————————————————————————————————— what可以引导主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。 ·表示“……的东西或事情”，相当于the things/thing that。 ·表示“……的人”，相当于the person that。 ·表示“……的地方”，相当于the place that。 ·表示“……的时间”，相当于the time that。 ———————————————————————————————————————— (1)We have no idea what we should do to cheer our beloved pet dog up. 我们不知道应该做些什么来使我们的爱犬高兴起来。 (2)This is what my father has taught me—to always face difficulties and hope for the best. 这就是我父亲教给我的——要时刻面对困难，并抱有最好的希望。 [写作佳句] (3)(应用文写作之建议信)What you should focus on is the meaning of the whole sentence rather than every single word. 你应该关注的是整个句子的意思，而不是每一个单词。 where引导定语从句 In a word，we have now reached a point where we wish to enjoy and understand literature.(P44，Para.2) 总之，我们现在已经到了想要欣赏和理解文学的阶段。 结构分析：此句为主从复合句。句中where引导定语从句，在从句中作地点状语，修饰先行词a point。 ———————————————————————————————————————— 有一些表示抽象地点的名词，如：point，stage，position，case，condition，situation等后跟定语从句，常用where引导从句，且在从句中作地点状语。 ———————————————————————————————————————— (1)We have reached a stage where we have achieved a lot. (2)Then I got the point where I was staying up really late at night to get my work done. (3)Today，we’ll discuss a number of cases where beginners of English learning fail to use the language properly. [写作佳句] (4)(应用文写作之建议信)Students should involve themselves in community activities where they can gain experience for growth. 学生应该参加社区活动，在那里他们可以获得成长的经验。 课文重点词块默写 1．惊奇地 with wonder 2．一系列，各种a range of 3．即将发生(在某人身上)，等待着(某人) in store(for sb) 4．(对某人)有吸引力；(使某人)感兴趣appeal to 5．一个充满梦想和魔力的世界 a world of dreams and magic 6．努力做某事make an effort to do sth 7．自然和社会环境 the natural and social environments 8．总之 in a word 9．没有被注意到 remain unnoticed 10．使……引起某人的注意 bring...to one’s attention 11．能够；有能力be capable of 12．在于lie in 13．在某人面前 in the presence of sb 14．由……产生，出自 come out of 15．人性human nature 16．承担；呈现；雇用；录用take on 17．总的来说in summary 18．以……形式in forms of 19．书面记录the written record 20．思想和感情thoughts and feelings 训练2　Welcome to the unit & Reading [分值：50分] Ⅰ.单句写作(课文佳句仿写)(满分15分) 1．我正在做实验，这时我碰到了一位致力于保护环境的科学家。(be doing...when...) I was doing an experiment when I met a scientist who was devoted to protecting the environment. 2．最让我感动的是她对环境保护所作出的努力。(what引导主语从句) What moved me most was her attempt to protect the environment. 3．但是后来她陷入了一个不得不向他人求助的境地。(where引导定语从句) But she got into a situation where she had to turn to others for help later. 4．她决定呼吁每个人为了拥有更好的环境而行动起来。(appeal to) She determined to appeal to everyone to take action for a better environment. 5．在她的努力下，现在人们更加重视保护环境了。(significance) With her efforts，people attach more significance to protecting the environment now. 组句成篇　以上句子可以加上过渡词语和其他联想内容组成一篇小短文。 参考范文 I was doing an experiment when I met a scientist who was devoted to protecting the environment.She talked about the things that she had done over the years. What moved me most was her attempt to protect the environment.At first, everything went smoothly, but she got into a situation where she had to turn to others for help later.She determined to appeal to everyone to take action for a better environment.With her efforts，people attach more significance to protecting the environment now. Ⅱ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，满分20分) A After 20 years of development，Chinese online literature has become one of the main resources of popular culture consumption(消费) in China.While it began with prevalent themes such as romance，fantasy，time travel and history，in recent years，online literature has turned from common themes to realism，which marks a new page in the development of the medium. A report by the China Audio-Video and Digital Publishing Association shows that，in 2020，the market value of Chinese online literature reached nearly 25 billion yuan with a domestic(国内的) reader base of 460 million people，of which around 7.58 million are active，daily users.By 2020，more than 21 million online writers had created about 29 million works. Huo Yan，an assistant(助理的) researcher with the Institute of Literature of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences，said，“Readers like online literature because it meets what people most long for at present.On the surface，people want to be entertained and to relax，so that，in their free time，they don’t want serious thinking，but simply some pleasure from reading.Exactly，people are eager to experience the past and the present.In real life，our identities(身份) and classes are certain，but online，we can have other identities.For example，if given another life，can a person who lives passively improve their lot in life？In literature，they can feel the pleasure from actively catching opportunities，becoming stronger and better.” “The writers of online literature are from all walks of life and each has a unique life experience and passion for literature.Their professional experience and love for writing greatly enrich their works.However，” Huo continued，“online literature，despite its vitality(生命力)，should learn from traditional literature to care more about reality，in addition to improving its language and plotting.” 1．What does the underlined word “prevalent” in the first paragraph mean? A．Fresh. B．Serious. C．Creative. D．Common. 答案　D 解析　词义猜测题。根据画线词后文可知，近年来，网络文学已从普通题材转向现实主义题材，这标志着网络文学的发展翻开了新的一页，while引导让步状语从句，说明一开始，网络文学以浪漫、奇幻、穿越和历史等普遍题材为主，故画线词意思是“普遍的”。故选D。 2．What can we know about online literature from paragraph 2? A．It is becoming very popular in China. B．It has defeated traditional literature. C．The market value is gradually reduced. D．It has attracted about 460 million foreigners. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段“...the market value of Chinese online literature reached nearly 25 billion yuan with a domestic(国内的) reader base of 460 million people，of which around 7.58 million are active，daily users.By 2020，more than 21 million online writers had created about 29 million works.”可知，网络文学在中国越来越流行了。故选A。 3．Why is online literature so attractive to readers? A．Because it makes readers happy. B．Because it meets readers’ desires. C．Because it makes readers think deeply. D．Because it improves readers’ writing skill. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段的“Readers like online literature because it meets what people most long for at present.”可知，网络文学可以满足人们目前最渴望的东西。故选B。 4．Which statement will Huo Yan probably agree with? A．Online literature should focus more on reality. B．All writers of online literature are professional. C．The ideas of traditional literary writers are out of date. D．The language and plotting of online literature are perfect. 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段的“‘...However，’ Huo continued，‘online literature，despite its vitality(生命力)，should learn from traditional literature to care more about reality，in addition to improving its language and plotting.’”可推知，霍燕认为网络文学应该更多地关注现实。故选A。 B Many of us sometimes find ourselves wondering or even worrying about the future.Will we get into the school of our choice？What will we be doing in ten years’ time？Can we become the person we really want to be？Faced with such questions，how should we head for the future？Can we take action to shape it，or should we just accept whatever comes our way? As we know，having plans for the future doesn’t mean that they will become reality.In this respect，some people are more fortunate than others，as can be seen by comparing the lives of two famous authors.Although they both were ambitious，their life journeys unfolded in totally different ways. The American author，Ernest Hemingway was from early boyhood single-minded in his ambition to write.On leaving high school，he joined a local newspaper and went on to become a foreign correspondent(驻外记者)．He used his extraordinary experiences in Europe and later Cuba to inform his writing.His short novel The Old Man and the Sea won the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction in 1953.He later won the Nobel Prize in Literature. Arthur Conan Doyle，born in Scotland，had originally worked as a doctor.But Doyle’s main ambition was to become a writer of historical novels.Although some of his historical novels were published，their success was nothing compared to his detective(侦探) stories，Sherlock Holmes.Interestingly，he finished some of the earliest Sherlock Holmes stories while waiting for patients.After Sherlock Holmes made him a household name，Doyle gave up medicine and threw himself entirely into writing. Though both were finally successful，their paths to success were very different，their futures not necessarily turning out exactly as they planned.So，whatever twists(曲折) and turns you might come across，take a leaf out of the books of these two authors and be prepared for the unexpected. 语篇解读　本文是一篇议论文。文章通过对比美国作家欧内斯特·海明威和英国作家阿瑟·柯南·道尔两人不同的个人经历对他们职业选择的影响，来说明为未来制定计划并不能保证它们会成为现实，因此我们要为意外做好准备。 5．How does the author introduce the topic? A．By making comparison. B．By quoting famous people’s words. C．By raising questions. D．By presenting opinions. 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据第一段的“Will we get into the school of our choice？...or should we just accept whatever comes our way？”可知，作者通过提问的方式引入本文的主题。故选C。 6．What does the underlined word “inform” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Publish. B．Adapt. C．Affect. D．Revise. 答案　C 解析　词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句以及下文可知，海明威的短篇小说《老人与海》获得了普利策小说奖，由此可知，他在欧洲和后来在古巴的非凡经历影响了他的小说。因此inform意为“影响”，与affect同义。故选C。 7．What does the story of Arthur Conan Doyle show? A．Success may come in an unexpected way. B．It’s better to stick to one’s original goal. C．Self-confidence is the first step to success. D．A good beginning is half done. 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据第四段可知，阿瑟·柯南·道尔最初是一名医生，他想成为历史小说家，但最后却意外成了一位了不起的侦探小说家。由此推知，阿瑟·柯南·道尔的故事表明，成功可能会以意想不到的方式到来。故选A。 8．What is the most suitable title for the text? A．Making Life Plans B．Facing the Future C．The Secret of Writing D．Twists and Turns in Life 答案　B 解析　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文通过对比美国作家欧内斯特·海明威和英国作家阿瑟·柯南·道尔两人不同的个人经历对他们职业选择的影响，来说明为未来制定计划并不能保证它们会成为现实，因此我们要为意外做好准备；再结合第一段可知，B项“面对未来”最适合作为本文的标题。故选B。 Ⅲ.完形填空(每小题1分，满分15分) Orion Jean，a boy from Texas，has the same hobbies as other 12-year-olds.He listens to music and plays with friends.But there’s one thing that makes him 1 from others: Orion leads activities 2 doing good for others. In the National Kindness Speech Contest，he said，“Kindness is a virtue we can all have，if we’re 3 .So why not start today？” Orion did what he said.He used his $500 prize from the 4 to buy toys for patients at a children’s hospital in Texas.To 5 others to give away toys to local hospitals，he began his Race to Kindness activities—the Race to 500 Toys. He didn’t stop there.Seeing 6 in his community，Orion worked with a relief group to 7 more than 100,000 meals for local families. In his community，it’s very 8 for many students to get printed books.Orion said，“It breaks my heart.” So he worked with several organizations to 9 events where people could 10 their new or used books.He reached his 11 of collecting 500,000 books in just a few months. Besides，the boy is an 12 .For children who’d like to help those 13 ，he has written A Kids Book About Leadership.He says his aim in life is to 14 pain wherever he finds it.“That’s something we all want，” he believes.“When people come together for a common 15 ，great things can happen.” 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了一个有使命感的孩子Orion Jean，他认为善良是一种美德，并以身行善，发起了一系列慈善活动，帮助了很多有需要的人。 1．A.different B．free C．far D．independent 答案　A 解析　different不同的；free自由的；far远的；independent独立的。根据“Orion leads activities ________ doing good for others”可知，他和其他人不同的地方在于他领导的活动专注于为他人做好事。故选A。 2．A.faced with B．focused on C．lost in D．used to 答案　B 解析　(be) faced with面对；(be) focused on专注于；(be) lost in迷失在……中；(be) used to被用于。根据空后“doing good for others”并结合下文中他组织捐玩具、捐食物、捐书可知，他所领导的活动是专注于为他人做好事的。故选B。 3．A.unique B．willing C．professional D．fortunate 答案　B 解析　unique独一无二的；willing愿意的；professional专业的；fortunate幸运的。根据上文“Kindness is a virtue we can all have”和常理可知，只要我们愿意，我们都可以拥有善良这种美德。故选B。 4．A.charity B．campus C．competition D．community 答案　C 解析　charity慈善机构；campus校园；competition比赛；community社区。根据上文“In the National Kindness Speech Contest”可知，他应是从这项比赛中赢得了500美元的奖金。故选C。 5．A.remind B．allow C．advise D．encourage 答案　D 解析　remind提醒；allow允许；advise建议；encourage鼓励。根据下文“others to give away toys to local hospitals，he began his Race to Kindness activities—the Race to 500 Toys”可知，应是为了鼓励其他人向当地医院捐赠玩具。故选D。 6．A.hunger B．mess C．loneliness D．rubbish 答案　A 解析　hunger饥饿；mess混乱；loneliness孤独；rubbish垃圾。根据下文“more than 100,000 meals for local families”可知，他看到了社区里的饥饿，所以才为那些家庭提供食物。故选A。 7．A.contact B．order C．collect D．select 答案　C 解析　contact联系；order命令；collect收集；select挑选。根据上文“worked with a relief group”和下文“more than 100,000 meals”可知，他与一个救济组织合作，为当地家庭收集食物。故选C。 8．A.difficult B．important C．likely D．typical 答案　A 解析　difficult困难的；important重要的；likely可能的；typical典型的。根据下文“It breaks my heart”可知，许多学生很难得到纸质书，所以这让他心碎。故选A。 9．A.celebrate B．run C．found D．present 答案　B 解析　celebrate庆祝；run举行；found创建；present呈现。根据上文“he worked with several organizations”和下文“events”可知，他联合多个组织举行活动。故选B。 10．A.design B．produce C．publish D．donate 答案　D 解析　design设计；produce生产；publish出版；donate捐赠。根据下文“their new or used books”和“collecting 500,000 books”可知，他是举行活动让人们捐书。故选D。 11．A.goal B．duty C．request D．agreement 答案　A 解析　goal目标；duty职责；request要求；agreement协议。根据上文“reached”和下文“collecting 500,000 books in just a few months”可知，他达到了收集50万本书的目标。故选A。 12．A.athlete B．explorer C．editor D．author 答案　D 解析　athlete运动员；explorer探险者；editor编辑；author作家。根据下文“he has written A Kids Book About Leadership”可知，他还是个作家。故选D。 13．A.in panic B．in danger C．in need D．in charge 答案　C 解析　in panic惊慌地；in danger在危险中；in need有需要的；in charge负责。根据上文“help those”可知，是帮助那些需要帮助的人。故选C。 14．A.experience B．bear C．reduce D．ignore 答案　C 解析　experience体验；bear忍受；reduce减轻；ignore忽视。根据第一段“doing good for others”可知，他领导专注于为他人做好事的活动，所以是想减轻任何地方的痛苦。故选C。 15．A.knowledge B．purpose C．sense D．effect 答案　B 解析　knowledge知识；purpose目的；sense感觉；effect影响。根据上文“He says his aim in life is to pain wherever he finds it.”和“That’s something we all want”可知，人们为了共同的目标走到一起。故选B。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$