Unit 2 Section Ⅲ Understanding ideas(课件PPT+Word教案)-【步步高】2024-2025学年高一英语必修第三册教师用书（外研版2019）

Section Ⅲ　Understanding ideas Step 1　速读——整体理解文意 Ⅰ.明文章大意 What is the main idea of the passage? A．The well built by Ryan changed the world. B．Ryan tried his best to build a well in Africa. C．The friendship between Ryan and African children. D．Ryan helped African children to recycle waste water. 答案　B Ⅱ.悉篇章结构 Read the passage quickly and then fill in the blanks. Step 2　细读——深度获取细节 1．What was wrong with the water in some developing African countries? A．People didn’t want to walk to fetch water. B．People used too much water and polluted it. C．The countries were too dry to have enough water. D．The wells were too far away and the water was dirty. 答案　D 2．What inspired Ryan to help? A．His teacher’s description. B．The dirty water he found. C．The ten-kilometre distance. D．The drinking fountain in his school. 答案　A 3．Which is the direct result of Ryan’s effort? A．Building a new well. B．Making him go public. C．Setting up a foundation. D．Getting more clean water. 答案　A 4．Which of the following can be used to describe Ryan? A．Delightful and generous. B．Helpful and determined. C．Joyful and warm-hearted. D．Hard-working and graceful. 答案　B 5．Which of the following statements is the best explanation of the title? A．The more wells you dig，the better the world will be. B．Ryan was determined to give up his plan to build a well in Africa. C．The well built by Ryan solved the problem of worldwide water shortage. D．The well built by Ryan encouraged more people to help make the world a better place. 答案　D Step 3　读后——课文语法填空 Ryan，a six-year-old Canadian schoolboy，had trouble 1.believing(believe) many people in developing African countries couldn’t get enough clean water.He decided to help them.At first，his plan was 2.to earn(earn) money to build a well somewhere in Africa.He earned $70 by working for his family and neighbours.However，when he gave the money to a charity，he 3.was told(tell) that it actually cost $2,000 to build a well.Ryan didn’t give up 4.but started to persuade his classmates and neighbours to donate money. After several months，Ryan had raised the $2,000，with 5.which a well was built near a primary school in Uganda.The children were grateful to him and invited him to visit.In Uganda，when Ryan saw the 6.finished(finish) well and the delighted students，he broke 7.into a joyful smile.Later，Ryan set up a foundation to encourage more people to help.The six-year-old boy 8.eventually(eventual) made his dream a 9.reality(real)．Today，over 800,000 people in 16 10.countries(country) across Africa have benefited from the life-changing gift of clean，safe water. Ⅰ.补句子　析结构 1．As a six-year-old Canadian schoolboy，Ryan had trouble believing(believe) the words spoken by his teacher that many people in developing African countries couldn’t get enough clean water.(P18 Para.1) 结构分析：此句为复合句。句中spoken by his teacher为过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰words；that引导同位语从句，对名词words起到解释说明的作用。 汉语翻译：年仅六岁的加拿大男孩瑞安难以相信老师说的话——在欠发达的非洲国家，许多人都喝不到足够的干净的水。 2．He soon reached his first target of $70，but when he gave the money to a charity，he was told that it actually cost $2,000 to build(build) a well.(P19 Para.2) 结构分析：此句为but连接的并列复合句。but前面是一个主谓宾结构的分句，后面是一个主从复合句，when引导时间状语从句，that引导宾语从句。 汉语翻译：瑞安很快就达成了他的第一个目标——挣了70美元。但是当他把这笔钱交给慈善机构的时候，他才得知建一口井实际的花费是2 000美元。 3．What they needed was a well dug(dig) near their homes.(P19 Para.2) 结构分析：此句为复合句。What引导主语从句，并在从句中作宾语。 汉语翻译：他们需要的是一口离家不远的井。 4．He also saw hundreds of delighted(delight) students who had turned out to welcome him.(P20 Para.4) 结构分析：此句为复合句。who引导定语从句，修饰先行词students，who在从句中作主语。 汉语翻译：他还看到了几百名学生兴高采烈地迎接他。 5．Later，Ryan’s experience led him to set up a foundation to encourage more people to help(help)．(P20 Para.5) 结构分析：此句为简单句。to encourage more...是不定式短语作目的状语。 汉语翻译：后来，这段经历促使瑞安建立了一个基金会，以鼓励更多的人伸出援手。 6．Now，as an adult，Ryan says that the question to ask is not “Why don’t I help？”，but “How can I help today？”．(P20 Para.6) 结构分析：此句为复合句。that引导宾语从句，to ask是动词不定式作定语，修饰前面的the question。 汉语翻译：如今，瑞安已长大成人，他说现在的问题不再是“我为什么不去帮助他们？”，而是“如今我该如何去帮助他们？”。 7．This insight grew from the determined(determine) attitude of a six-year-old boy who had the courage and perseverance to make(make) his dream a reality.(P20 Para.6) 结构分析：此句为复合句。who引导定语从句，修饰先行词boy，who在从句中作主语。 汉语翻译：这份领悟，始于一个有勇气和毅力实现梦想的六岁男孩那颗坚定不移的心。 Ⅱ.研典句　学用法 “介词＋关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句 After several months，Ryan had raised the $2,000，with which a well was built near a primary school in Uganda.(P19 Para.3) 几个月后，他筹到了2 000美元。有了这笔钱，乌干达的一所小学旁边建起了一口井。 结构分析：此句为复合句。“with＋which”引导的是非限制性定语从句，which代指前面的先行词$2,000。 ———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————— “介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句时介词的选择： ·根据定语从句中动词或形容词的搭配习惯(即固定短语)； ·根据与先行词搭配的具体意义； ·根据句子的意思； ·表示所属关系或整体中的一部分时，通常用介词of。 ———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————— (1)中国有很多传统艺术形式，其中剪纸是最受欢迎的一种。 There are a lot of traditional art forms in China，of which paper-cutting is one of the most popular. (2)他犯了一个不可原谅的错误，他因此受到了猛烈的批评。 He has made an unforgivable mistake，for which he was violently criticized. (3)怀特教授是一位知识渊博的学者，从他身上我们可以学到很多东西。 Professor White is a knowledgeable scholar，from whom we can learn a lot. (4)我真的很感谢王教授，没有他的帮助我不可能取得这样的进步。 I am really grateful to Professor Wang，without whose help I couldn’t have made such progress. 课文重点词块默写 1．做某事有困难have trouble doing sth 2．非洲发展中国家developing African countries 3．只有十步之遥only ten steps away 4．赚钱；挣钱earn money 5．起初；首先at first 6．做园艺工作do gardening 7．达到某人的第一个目标reach one’s first target 8．把钱捐给慈善机构give the money to a charity 9．一个手压泵a hand pump 10．放弃；戒掉give up 11．下决心做be determined to do 12．开始做start to do 13．从……寻求帮助ask for help from... 14．说服某人去做persuade sb to do 15．与此同时at the same time 16．宣扬出去；公布于众go public 17．不再no longer 18．走数个小时walk for hours 19．对某人感激be grateful to sb 20．邀请某人做某事invite sb to do sth 21．亲眼with one’s own eyes 22．几百个；数百个hundreds of 23．出席(某项活动)；在场turn out 24．有影响；起(重要)作用make a difference 25．突然笑起来break into a smile 26．引导某人做某事lead sb to do sth 27．建立基金会set up a foundation 28．鼓励某人做某事encourage sb to do sth 29．继续做某事continue to do sth 30．越来越多的人more and more people 31．继续下去go on 32．从……中获益benefit from 33．不是……而是…… not...but... 34．坚定的态度the determined attitude 35．把某人的梦想变成现实make one’s dream a reality 训练2　Understanding ideas　[分值：50分] Ⅰ.单句写作(应用文写作——志愿活动)(共15分) 1．毫无疑问，志愿活动可以对我们自己和他人产生影响。(make a difference) There is no doubt that voluntary activities can make a difference to both ourselves and others. 2．确实，志愿活动不能为我们赚钱，但会增加我们的自信。(not...but...) It is true that voluntary activities can’t earn money for us，but they boost our confidence. 3．我们能学到证明在生活中十分有用的新技能。(turn out) We can learn some new skills which turn out to be very useful in our life. 4．看到我们中越来越多的人积极参与到志愿活动中，真令人欣慰。(relief) It is a relief to see more and more of us take an active part in the voluntary activities. 5．加入我们参与这样的活动吧，你会从中受益良多。(“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句) Please join us in such activities，from which you will benefit a lot. 组句成篇　以上句子可以加上过渡词语和其他联想内容组成一篇小短文。 Last week，our school organized a voluntary activity，which was meaningful and inspiring.There is no doubt that voluntary activities can make a difference to both ourselves and others.It is true that voluntary activities can’t earn money for us，but they boost our confidence.Besides，we can learn some new skills which turn out to be very useful in our life.It is a relief to see more and more of us take an active part in the voluntary activities.Please join us in such activities，from which I believe you will benefit a lot. Ⅱ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共20分) A What do ten dollars，a garden，and Elon-Musk’s brother have in common? They’re used to fight against food insecurity(不安全) and build the world’s only biggest gardener community.Launched on the autumn equinox(秋分)，the Million Gardens Movement(MGM) is a charitable and educational plan that hopes to put a garden in every family. Kimbal Musk，Elon Musk’s brother and the Executive Director of the non-profit Big Green，hoped that the MGM puts Little Green Garden units in homes and classrooms for just $10.He explains that each garden has its special growing plan and online lessons and activities to support the growth of culture-related vegetable gardens at home. The MGM platform is simple as a whole.If you’re a gardener，sign up to join the community.Donate $10 to a family that can’t afford a garden，or that lives in a food desert，read and contribute to the blog and then tell other gardeners about it. “Ten years ago，I co-founded Big Green focusing on under-resourced communities to increase access to fresh food，” says Musk.“Today it’s a national non-profit organization working with schools in several major cities with almost 640 outdoor learning garden classrooms.The Million Gardens Movement is put forward to make it simple for anyone to give a family a garden.Planting a seed is an act of hope for a brighter tomorrow.We hope millions of people will join us to grow their own gardens and give a garden to a family.” They’ve been able to deliver garden kits to Denver，Detroit，Memphis and Indianapolis so far.“We hope to expand to Canada this year with sights on Vancouver and Toronto，” adds Musk.“We also hope to expand to Mexico and beyond to make this a worldwide movement to encourage millions of people to grow their own food.” 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了埃隆·马斯克的兄弟发起了百万花园运动计划，仅需10美元就能帮助一个家庭拥有种菜的园子，吃上自己种的蔬菜。 1．What can we know about the Little Green Garden of the MGM? A．Gardeners will offer support in person. B．A family must pay $10 to get a garden. C．Related lessons and activities will be provided. D．Different gardens share the same growing plans. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“He explains that each garden has its special growing plan and online lessons and activities to support the growth of culture-related vegetable gardens at home.”可知，百万花园运动计划的绿色小花园提供相关的课程和活动，故选C项。 2．What is the third paragraph mainly about? A．Who will receive the donation. B．Why the MGM platform was founded. C．How you can help on the MGM platform. D．What you can get on the MGM platform. 答案　C 解析　段落大意题。根据第三段中“If you’re a gardener，sign up to join the community.Donate $10 to a family that can’t afford a garden，or...and then tell other gardeners about it.”可知，第三段主要介绍的是人们如何在平台上提供帮助，故选C项。 3．What may the MGM do next? A．Encourage people to donate more. B．Persuade people to eat healthy food. C．Make children learn more about gardening. D．Expand the movement to other countries. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，百万花园运动计划的下一步措施是向其他国家拓展业务，故选D项。 4．For what purpose does the author write the text? A．To promote a green life. B．To raise money for a movement. C．To introduce a newly-launched project. D．To stress the importance of food security. 答案　C 解析　写作意图题。根据第一段最后一句并结合下文详细介绍了这个运动计划的运营机制以及它对未来的展望可推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是介绍一项新发起的计划，故选C项。 B People who give，live longer，studies have shown.Now，a new study by University of Michigan shows that why people volunteer—not whether they volunteer—is what really counts. For the study，Konrath and colleagues analyzed data collected in 2008 and 2012 aiming at the same random samples of 3,376 people.Overall，they found that just 2.3 percent of those who once worked as volunteers had died，compared to 4.3 percent of non-volunteers.They further found that how much people volunteered mattered as well—only 1.8 percent of regular volunteers died，compared with 2.5 percent of occasional volunteers. But what really made a difference were people’s motives for volunteering.The researchers asked people to rate how important they found various reasons for volunteering，and they found that the more important people rated reasons such as feeling pity for people in need，the more likely they were to be alive.Those who rated motives related to personal benefit as more important were more likely to have died，and just as likely to die as those who didn’t volunteer at all.These reasons included volunteering because they enjoyed the social contact，to escape their own problems，or to explore their own strengths. Konrath says the current findings suggest it may be a poor idea to encourage people to volunteer because it’s good for them.“Volunteering is increasingly being encouraged in schools and organizations.Some groups say that it’s okay to want benefits for yourself，and encourage people to think of volunteering as an exchange for personal interests.Some groups emphasize the health benefits received through volunteering.” Konrath added，“Of course，it’s reasonable for volunteers to expect benefits for themselves.But the potential health benefits of volunteering are significantly reduced if self-benefit becomes a person’s main motive.” 5．What does the new study mainly find? A．How we volunteer makes sense to others. B．How often we volunteer makes a difference. C．Whether we volunteer decides our well-being. D．Why we volunteer has an impact on our health. 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知，研究显示做志愿者可以更长寿，故推断出新的研究主要发现：为什么我们做志愿者会对我们的健康产生影响。故选D。 6．How did the researchers do the study? A．By analyzing statistics. B．By rating volunteers’ performances. C．By doing lab experiments. D．By grouping participants randomly. 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“For the study，Konrath and colleagues analyzed data collected in 2008 and 2012 aiming at the same random samples of 3,376 people.”可知，研究人员通过分析统计数据进行这项研究。故选A。 7．Which of the following motives will probably contribute to a longer life? A．To develop abilities. B．To make more friends. C．To help the poor people. D．To solve personal problems. 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据第三段第二句可推断出，可能有助于延长寿命的动机是同情有需要的人。故选C。 8．What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．Practical suggestions on further studies. B．A further explanation of the current findings. C．Potential applications of the research method. D．A reasonable doubt about the research results. 答案　B 解析　段落大意题。文章前三段介绍了做志愿者的动机才是对健康起作用的因素，根据最后一段中的“Konrath says the current findings suggest it may be a poor idea to encourage people to volunteer because it’s good for them.”可知，最后一段又介绍了出于个人利益做志愿者的进一步影响，说明最后一段是对当前调查结果的进一步解释。故选B。 Ⅲ.完形填空(每小题1分，共15分) Young Chinese people in the new era are confident and responsible.With a 1 vision，they stand at the forefront of the times ready for a more global outlook. After 2 from university in 2020, Danni chose to work in Africa for a year and then travel to seven 3 including Tanzania and Kenya. A 4 school in Uganda put her travels on pause.The primary school is built on a hillside by the local government.The school’s walls are painted orange and the roof is painted in a 5 color like the sky，while the children’s uniforms are a bright green.She was assigned to 6 children grades one to four.She set up different kinds of classes for her students.Sometimes，Danni would 7 traditional Chinese cuisines such as fried eggs with tomato and buns in class.She had a good time getting to know the children at the school 8 . Danni also tried to 9 the students during her volunteer experience.While staying at a preschool in Mafinga，Tanzania，she was responsible for preparing lunch for the kids.The preschool is so far from town and she needed to pass through a forest before 10 a bus and commuting for more than half an hour to get to the school. To prepare a delicious lunch for Spring Festival celebrations，Danni raised over 1,000 yuan and went to the local town to 11 enough ingredients to make nearly 200 buns.The satisfied smiles on the faces of 12 while they were eating the buns 13 her to continue to find meaning in 14 work in different places. In 2022，Danni arrived in Lebanon and 15 a voluntary teacher at a local school through a non-governmental organization.This time she taught arts and crafts to her students. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。新时代的中国年轻人自信而有责任心。文章主要介绍了新时代年轻人丹尼在大学毕业后，在非洲工作一年，然后去了包括坦桑尼亚和肯尼亚在内的七个国家教学，做志愿者服务。 1．A.local B．narrow C．personal D．global 答案　D 解析　local当地的；narrow狭窄的；personal个人的；global全球的。由下文“they stand at the forefront of the times ready for a more global outlook”可知，年轻的中国人站在时代的前沿，准备迎接更加全球化的前景，这说明他们具有全球视野，故选D。 2．A.graduating B．escaping C．judging D．driving 答案　A 解析　graduate毕业；escape逃脱；judge判断；drive开车。由下文“from university in 2020，Danni chose to work in Africa for a year”可知，丹尼在2020年从大学毕业后选择在非洲工作了一年，graduate from为固定搭配，意为“从……毕业”，故选A。 3．A.continents B．countries C．cities D．schools 答案　B 解析　continent大陆；country国家；city城市；school学校。由下文“including Tanzania and Kenya”可知，坦桑尼亚和肯尼亚是国家，此处指包括坦桑尼亚和肯尼亚在内的七个国家。故选B。 4．A.international B．high C．primary D．private 答案　C 解析　international国际的；high高的；primary主要的，小学教育的；private私有的。由下文“The primary school is built on a hillside by the local government.”可知，此处指乌干达的一所小学，primary school意为“小学”，属于同词复现，故选C。 5．A.orange B．blue C．green D．red 答案　B 解析　orange橙色的；blue蓝色的；green绿色的；red红色的。由下文“color like the sky”可知，此处指学校的屋顶漆成了像天空一样的蓝色，故选B。 6．A.control B．feed C．teach D．challenge 答案　C 解析　control控制；feed喂养；teach教；challenge挑战。由下文“She set up different kinds of classes for her students.”可知，她为她的学生开设了各种各样的课程，这说明她在这里教学，故选C。 7．A.eat B．cook C．explore D．study 答案　B 解析　eat吃；cook烹饪；explore探索；study学习。由下文“traditional Chinese cuisines such as fried eggs with tomato”可知，西红柿炒鸡蛋是中国菜，所以此处是在课堂上做一些中国菜，故选B。 8．A.sadly B．painfully C．anxiously D．happily 答案　D 解析　sadly伤心地；painfully痛苦地；anxiously焦虑地；happily高兴地。由上文“She had a good time”可知，认识了学校里的孩子们使她很高兴，故选D。 9．A.pay for B．care for C．learn from D．chat with 答案　B 解析　pay for支付；care for关心，照顾；learn from向……学习；chat with与……交谈。由下文“While staying at a preschool in Mafinga，Tanzania，she was responsible for preparing lunch for the kids.”可知，她负责为孩子们准备午餐，这说明她在做志愿者的过程中很照顾孩子们，故选B。 10．A.taking B．calling C．changing D．renting 答案　A 解析　take乘坐；call打电话；change改变；rent租用。由下文“a bus and commuting for more than half an hour to get to the school”可知，她乘坐公共汽车去上下班，故选A。 11．A.sell B．borrow C．buy D．make 答案　C 解析　sell卖；borrow借入；buy买；make制作。由上文“Danni raised over 1,000 yuan and went to the local town to”和下文“enough ingredients to make nearly 200 buns”可知，筹集钱是为了买做包子的食材，故选C。 12．A.kids B．workers C．teachers D．colleagues 答案　A 解析　kid孩子；worker工人；teacher老师；colleague同事。由上文“While staying at a preschool in Mafinga，Tanzania，she was responsible for preparing lunch for the kids.”可知，她在学校里负责给孩子们准备午餐，所以此处指孩子们吃包子，故选A。 13．A.forced B．persuaded C．encouraged D．warned 答案　C 解析　force强迫；persuade劝说；encourage鼓励；warn警告。由上文“The satisfied smiles on the faces of while they were eating the buns”和下文“her to continue to find meaning”可知，孩子们吃包子时脸上满意的笑容鼓励她继续做志愿者工作，故选C。 14．A.charity B．rescue C．design D．volunteer 答案　D 解析　charity慈善机构；rescue救助；design设计；volunteer志愿者。由上文“during her volunteer experience”可知，此处指她做志愿者工作，volunteer属于同词复现，故选D。 15．A.found B．cheated C．played D．became 答案　D 解析　find发现；cheat欺骗；play玩；become变成。由下文“a voluntary teacher at a local school”和“This time she taught arts and crafts to her students.”可知，丹尼成为当地一所学校的志愿教师。故选D。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Section Ⅲ Understanding ideas Unit 2 Making a difference Part 1　课文整体理解 Part 2　长句难句分析 整体理解 课文 3 Step 1　速读——整体理解文意 Ⅰ.明文章大意 What is the main idea of the passage? A.The well built by Ryan changed the world. B.Ryan tried his best to build a well in Africa. C.The friendship between Ryan and African children. D.Ryan helped African children to recycle waste water. √ Ⅱ.悉篇章结构 Read the passage quickly and then fill in the blanks. The Well That Changed the World Paras.1-4:Ryan’s 1.____________ Ryan heard that many people in developing African countries couldn’t get enough 2. . Ryan managed to earn $70 but was told it took $2,000 to build 3. . Ryan raised $2,000 and a well was built. Ryan saw the finished well with his own eyes. Para.5:Ryan’s foundation More and more support is attracted to 4. . Over 800,000 people in 16 African countries have benefited from these efforts. Para.6:comments on Ryan He grew from a boy with 5. and 6._____________ to an adult who suggests that one should ask himself how to help others. good deeds clean water a well build more wells courage perseverance Step 2　细读——深度获取细节 1.What was wrong with the water in some developing African countries? A.People didn’t want to walk to fetch water. B.People used too much water and polluted it. C.The countries were too dry to have enough water. D.The wells were too far away and the water was dirty. √ 2.What inspired Ryan to help? A.His teacher’s description. B.The dirty water he found. C.The ten-kilometre distance. D.The drinking fountain in his school. √ 3.Which is the direct result of Ryan’s effort? A.Building a new well. B.Making him go public. C.Setting up a foundation. D.Getting more clean water. √ 4.Which of the following can be used to describe Ryan? A.Delightful and generous. B.Helpful and determined. C.Joyful and warm-hearted. D.Hard-working and graceful. √ 5.Which of the following statements is the best explanation of the title? A.The more wells you dig，the better the world will be. B.Ryan was determined to give up his plan to build a well in Africa. C.The well built by Ryan solved the problem of worldwide water shortage. D.The well built by Ryan encouraged more people to help make the world 　a better place. √ Step 3　读后——课文语法填空 Ryan，a six-year-old Canadian schoolboy，had trouble 1._________ (believe) many people in developing African countries couldn’t get enough clean water.He decided to help them.At first，his plan was 2.________(earn) money to build a well somewhere in Africa.He earned $70 by working for his family and neighbours.However，when he gave the money to a charity，he 3. (tell) that it actually cost $2,000 to build a well.Ryan didn’t give up 4. started to persuade his classmates and neighbours to donate money. believing to earn was told but After several months，Ryan had raised the $2,000，with 5. a well was built near a primary school in Uganda.The children were grateful to him and invited him to visit.In Uganda，when Ryan saw the 6._________(finish) well and the delighted students，he broke 7. a joyful smile.Later，Ryan set up a foundation to encourage more people to help.The six-year-old boy 8. (eventual) made his dream a 9._______(real).Today，over 800,000 people in 16 10. (country) across Africa have benefited from the life-changing gift of clean，safe water. 返 回 which finished into eventually reality countries 难句分析 长句 13 1.As a six-year-old Canadian schoolboy，Ryan had trouble ___________ (believe) the words spoken by his teacher that many people in developing African countries couldn’t get enough clean water.(P18 Para.1) 结构分析：此句为　　　句。句中spoken by his teacher为过去分词短语作　　　　　，修饰　　　　；that引导　　　　从句，对名词　　 起到解释说明的作用。 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ Ⅰ.补句子　析结构 年仅六岁的加拿大男孩瑞安难以相信老师说的话——在欠发达的非洲国家，许多人都喝不到足够的干净的水。 believing 复合 后置定语 words 同位语 words 2.He soon reached his first target $70，but when he gave the money to a charity，he was told that it actually cost $2,000 (build) a well.(P19 Para.2) 结构分析：此句为but连接的　　　　　句。but前面是一个　　　　结构的分句，后面是一个主从复合句，when引导　　　　　从句，that引导 　　　从句。 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ 瑞安很快就达成了他的第一个目标——挣了70美元。但是当他把这笔钱交给慈善机构的时候，他才得知建一口井实际的花费是 2 000美元。 to build of 并列复合 主谓宾 时间状语 宾语 3.What they needed was a well 　　　(dig) near their homes.(P19 Para.2) 结构分析：此句为　　　句。What引导　　 从句，并在从句中作　　 。 汉语翻译： 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ 4.He also saw hundreds of (delight) students who had turned out to welcome him.(P20 Para.4) 结构分析：此句为 　　　句。who引导　　　从句，修饰先行词students，who在从句中作　　　。 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ 他们需要的是一口离家不远的井。 他还看到了几百名学生兴高采烈地迎接他。 dug 复合 主语 宾语 delighted 复合 定语 主语 5.Later，Ryan’s experience led him to set a foundation to encourage more people (help).(P20 Para.5) 结构分析：此句为　　　句。to encourage more...是不定式短语作_____ ______。 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ 后来，这段经历促使瑞安建立了一个基金会，以鼓励更多的人伸出援手。 up to help 简单 目的 状语 6.Now， an adult，Ryan says that the question to ask is not “Why don’t I help？”， “How can I help today？”.(P20 Para.6) 结构分析：此句为　　　句。that引导宾语从句，to ask是动词不定式作_______，修饰前面的　　　　　　。 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ 如今，瑞安已长大成人，他说现在的问题不再是“我为什么不去帮助他们？”，而是“如今我该如何去帮助他们？”。 as but 复合 定语 the question 7.This insight grew from the (determine) attitude of a six-year-old boy who had the courage and perseverance (make) his dream a reality.(P20 Para.6) 结构分析：此句为　　　句。who引导　　　从句，修饰先行词　　　，who在从句中作　　　。 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ 这份领悟，始于一个有勇气和毅力实现梦想的六岁男孩那颗坚定不移的心。 determined to make 复合 定语 boy 主语 Ⅱ.研典句　学用法 “介词＋关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句 After several months，Ryan had raised the $2,000，with which a well was built near a primary school in Uganda.(P19 Para.3) 几个月后，他筹到了2 000美元。有了这笔钱，乌干达的一所小学旁边建起了一口井。 结构分析：此句为复合句。“with＋which”引导的是非限制性定语从句，which代指前面的先行词$2,000。 “介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句时介词的选择： • 根据定语从句中动词或形容词的搭配习惯(即固定短语)； • 根据与先行词搭配的具体意义； • 根据句子的意思； • 表示所属关系或整体中的一部分时，通常用介词of。 (1)中国有很多传统艺术形式，其中剪纸是最受欢迎的一种。 There are a lot of traditional art forms in China，____________________ _________________________. (2)他犯了一个不可原谅的错误，他因此受到了猛烈的批评。 He has made an unforgivable mistake，____________________________ ___________. (3)怀特教授是一位知识渊博的学者，从他身上我们可以学到很多东西。 Professor White is a knowledgeable scholar，________________________ ______. of which paper-cutting is one of the most popular for which he was violently criticized from whom we can learn a lot (4)我真的很感谢王教授，没有他的帮助我不可能取得这样的进步。 I am really grateful to Professor Wang，____________________________ ________________________. without whose help I couldn’t have made such progress 课文重点词块默写 1.做某事有困难 2.非洲发展中国家 3.只有十步之遥 4.赚钱；挣钱 5.起初；首先 6.做园艺工作 7.达到某人的第一个目标 8.把钱捐给慈善机构 _____________________ ___________________________ ___________________ ____________ _________ ______________ ______________________ _________________________ have trouble doing sth developing African countries only ten steps away earn money at first do gardening reach one’s first target give the money to a charity 9.一个手压泵 10.放弃；戒掉 11.下决心做 12.开始做 13.从……寻求帮助 14.说服某人去做 15.与此同时 16.宣扬出去；公布于众 17.不再 ______________ _________ ___________________ ___________ __________________ _________________ ________________ __________ __________ a hand pump give up be determined to do start to do ask for help from... persuade sb to do at the same time go public no longer 18.走数个小时 19.对某人感激 20.邀请某人做某事 21.亲眼 22.几百个；数百个 23.出席(某项活动)；在场 24.有影响；起(重要)作用 25.突然笑起来 26.引导某人做某事 _______________ ________________ _________________ __________________ ____________ _________ _________________ _________________ _______________ walk for hours be grateful to sb invite sb to do sth with one’s own eyes hundreds of turn out make a difference break into a smile lead sb to do sth 27.建立基金会 28.鼓励某人做某事 29.继续做某事 30.越来越多的人 31.继续下去 32.从……中获益 33.不是……而是…… 34.坚定的态度 35.把某人的梦想变成现实 返 回 __________________ _____________________ _________________ _____________________ _______ _____________ ___________ ______________________ _________________________ set up a foundation encourage sb to do sth continue to do sth more and more people go on benefit from not...but... the determined attitude make one’s dream a reality $$