UNIT2 读与练·阅读限时训练二（Word练习）-【拓展阅读】2024-2025学年高中英语必修第二册（人教版2019）

Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2023—2024学年江苏宿迁高一上学期期中) Xishuangbanna, one of the eight autonomous prefectures (自治州) in Southwest China's Yunnan province, has made it to the list of Lonely Planet's top 10 regions to visit in 2022. With the China­Laos railway scheduled to open on December 2, 2021, trips to Xishuangbanna Dai autonomous prefecture would be more accessible. Along with neighboring Myanmar and Laos, the exotic region is best known for dense tropical rainforest and distinct ethnic culture. A paradise for plants and animals Xishuangbanna boasts the most intact tropical ecosystem in China, which harbors a quarter of the country's animal species and one sixth of plants. There are quite a few spots to get a glimpse of this animal and plant paradise, and Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden (XTBG) always comes first. XTBG, situated in the south of the province, is not only the country's top level tourist attraction, but also a research institution affiliated with the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Home to over 13，000 species of plants, it is one of the largest tropical botanical gardens in the country. The site is divided into two areas: one in the east, and the other in the west. The western area has 20 small botanical gardens that contain a wide variety of peculiar plants. The eastern area is three times bigger than the other, featuring dense tropical rainforests and giant waterfalls. If tropical plants are not enough, the Wild Elephant Valley would be a great option for animal lovers. The nature reserve is the only place in China to observe Asian elephants at close quarters and it shelters other rare wild animals, too. Dai ethnic culture The Dai ethnic group has lived in Xishuangbanna for centuries, accounting for around 30 percent of the region's population. A visit to the tropical paradise would never be complete without experiencing the local culture. Manting Park is the oldest park in the region that dates back 1，300 years, which is also one of the main venues for the annual Water Splashing Festival (WSF), the most important traditional occasion for the Dai people to welcome the New Year. The festival usually falls in mid­April and involves three days of festive celebrations, including religious rituals, water splashing, boat racing and releasing sky lanterns. 1.What makes trips to Xishuangbanna easier? A.That Xishuangbanna is a paradise for plants and animals. B.That Xishuangbanna is one of the eight autonomous prefectures. C.That The China­Laos railway is scheduled to open on December 2, 2021. D.That Xishuangbanna features dense tropical rainforests and giant waterfalls. 2.Where is Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden (XTBG) located? A.In the east of Yunnan province. B.In the west of Yunnan province. C.In the south of Yunnan province. D.In the north of Yunnan province. 3.What can we learn about the annual Water Splashing Festival? A.Manting Park is the only venue for the annual WSF. B.Celebrating WSF is of vital importance for Dai people. C.Only the Dai ethnic group can celebrate the annual WSF. D.A visit to XTBG would be perfect without experiencing the annual WSF. [二次精读] 重点单词 autonomous [ɔː'tɒnəməs] adj.自治的； 独立自主的 scheduled ['ʃedjuːld] adj.规定价格的； 预定的 accessible [ək'sesəb(ə)l] adj.可进入/到达/使用的； 可理解的 neighboring ['neɪbərɪ] adj.邻近的 exotic [ɪɡ'zɒtɪk] adj.异国情调的； 奇异的 distinct [dɪ'stɪkt] adj.不同的； 清楚的，明显的 intact [ɪn'tækt] adj.完整无缺的，未经触动的，未受损伤的 glimpse [ɡlɪmps] n.一瞥，扫视 paradise ['pærədaɪs] n.天堂； 伊甸园； 乐园 affiliate [ə'fɪlieɪt] v.隶属于，并入； 与…有关n.附属机构 peculiar [pɪ'kjuːliə(r)] adj.奇怪的，古怪的； 异常的 venue ['venjuː] n.(事件或活动的)发生地； 举办地点； 场地 involve [ɪn'vɒlv] v.包含，涉及 重点短语 account for说明(原因、理由等); 占比…… along with和……一起/一道，随着； 除……以外(还) quite a few相当多 语块积累 dense tropical rainforest稠密的热带雨林　　distinct ethnic culture独特的民族文化 a paradise for plants and animals这里是动植物的天堂 top level tourist attraction顶级旅游景点 a wide variety of peculiar plants各种各样的特殊植物 tropical plants热带植物 the local culture当地文化 Water Splashing Festival泼水节 religious rituals宗教仪式 长难句分析 The eastern area is three times bigger than the other, featuring dense tropical rainforests and giant waterfalls. 东部地区是其他地区的三倍大，拥有茂密的热带雨林和巨大的瀑布。 分析：本句用了形容词的比较级的倍数关系；featuring dense tropical rainforests and giant waterfalls为现在分词作结果状语。 [背景知识] 西双版纳——位于云南的南端，土地面积近2万平方公里，国境线长966公里。西双版纳辖景洪市、勐海县、勐腊县和11个国营农场。这里聚居着傣、哈尼、拉祜、布朗、基诺等13个少数民族，占全州人口的74%。西双版纳属北回归线以南的热带湿润区。与老挝、缅甸山水相连，与泰国、越南近邻。位于西双版纳的澜沧江纵贯南北，出境后称湄公河，流经缅、老、泰、柬、越5国后汇入太平洋，称为“东方多瑙河”。因此，西双版纳既是面向东南亚、南亚的重要通道和基地，也是云南对外开放的窗口。 主要景区： 野象谷、曼飞龙佛塔、橄榄坝、独树成林、热带植物园、曼典瀑布、打洛江风光、春欢公园、易武古镇、周总理纪念碑、孔雀湖、水井塔、茶树王、曼斗民俗活动村、泼水节观礼台、曼飞龙水库、空中走廊、白象湖、勐养象形树、民族风情园、曼景兰旅游一条街、允景洪、曼阁佛寺、景真八角亭、澜沧江风光、茶马古道风景区、墨江北回归线标志园、漫湾—哀牢山风景区、沧源佤山、沧源崖画、广允缅寺、基诺山、景谷勐卧佛寺双塔。 B (2024·江苏苏州高一统考期末)Hummingbirds(蜂鸟) are a very important part of Mexico's ecosystem, but because of the ever­spreading city landscape, they face all sorts of serious dangers. That's where 73­year­old Catia Lattouf de Arida comes in. As a self­taught hummingbird care­taker, she devotes most of her free time and resources to nursing the tiny birds back to health. Her home in Mexico City has become known as a hummingbird hospital. Catia's story as a hummingbird nurse began in 2011, at a very difficult moment in her life. At that time, she focused on her battle with cancer and fell into a depression(抑郁). She was walking on the street one day when she noticed a hummingbird that had suffered a serious eye injury. The kind­hearted woman took it home and named it Gucci. She managed to nurse Gucci back to health, but she said it was Gucci that saved her. Why? Because the hummingbird managed to pull her out of the sadness and loneliness that had taken over her life. Word of her success spread among Catia's friends, and before long some of them began bringing her injured hummingbirds. She didn't repulse them at all. She began to study the bird and their habits in order to better take care of them, and after 11 years of experience, the 73­year­old woman is considered an expert on hummingbirds. In order to raise awareness of the difficult situation of hummingbirds in Mexico, Catia Lattouf de Arida started posting videos of the patients in her Mexico City apartment on social media, and many of them became popular. That's when the need for her nursing services really blew up. She has cared for hundreds of hummingbirds in her 11­year career, when she has had as many as 50 of them in her apartment at any one time. She spends pretty much all her time looking after the tiny birds. 4.Which saying can best show the main idea of the first two paragraphs? A.It is better to give than to take. B.Actions speak louder than words. C.Helping others is helping ourselves. D.A bird in hand is worth two in the bush. 5.What does the underlined word “repulse” in paragraph 3 mean? A.Expect. B.Refuse. C.Accept. D.Recognize. 6.When were Catia's nursing services greatly needed? A.When her friends heard about her success. B.When she was considered as a bird expert. C.After she shared the birds' videos on the media. D.After she looked after a large number of the birds. 7.According to the text, Catia can be described as ________. A.honest and kind B.generous and creative C.devoted and strict D.caring and responsible [二次精读] 重点单词 serious ['sɪəriəs] adj.严重的； 令人担忧的； 重要的； 严肃的 spread [spred] v.开展； 伸开； 传播 重点短语 focus on集中；特别关注　　　　　　take over接管； 继承； 接收 take care of照顾； 处理 blow up(使)爆炸； 产生； 爆发； 发怒 语块积累 at a very difficult moment in her life在她生命中一个非常困难的时刻 fall into a depression变得意志消沉，精神沮丧 a serious eye injury严重的眼伤 on social media在社交媒体上 as many as 50 多达50 长难句分析 She was walking on the street one day when she noticed a hummingbird that had suffered a serious eye injury. 有一天，她正走在街上时，注意到一只眼睛严重受伤的蜂鸟。 分析：此句用了be doing...when...“正在……这时……”结构，其中when为并列连词；that had suffered a serious eye injury为定语从句，修饰hummingbird。 C (2023—2024学年广西高一校联考期末)David Daballen has been passionate about wildlife since he was a young boy. Now director of field operations at Save the Elephants, he's been named as a finalist in the Tusk Conservation (环境保护) Awards, which celebrate Africa­based conservation leaders and wildlife rangers (护林员). “When I first heard the news, I couldn't believe it！” David says. “I hope it will inspire the next generation of Kenyan conservationists to follow in my path. Professionally, it will help my efforts in elephant conservation and allow me to scale_up my mission to create more wildlife passages and develop even tighter relationships with leaders.” “Over the past 20 years working with elephants, I have learnt to recognize 500 individuals through their ear patterns and tusk (长牙) shapes，” he says. “Many of them are like friends, and I know who they are by the way they hold themselves.” Recognizing individual elephants is the key to understanding how elephant society works, which in turn helps conservationists design solutions for coexistence that work for them and humans. “Our field team collects data on a daily basis from a study elephant population，” David explains. They examine elephant families carefully: all births, disappearances, and so on. “A digital database enables analysis of population dynamics, social structure, individual and population dietary preferences, seasonal dispersal (扩散), paternity from DNA, and deaths from different causes, including illegal hunting. “As a Samburu elder, I am able to converse with all levels of leadership, and inspire behavioural change in local communities，” says David. He and his colleagues were able to persuade community leaders to act to stop elephant hunting in northern Kenya between 2009 and 2013. “Thanks to the efforts of organisations like Save the Elephants, Kenya Wildlife Service and other partners, hunting has reduced considerably in Kenya，” says David. But these creatures are now facing a new trouble: human­elephant conflict (冲突) resulting from overgrazing and climate change. “Solving this is going to be a huge challenge，” David adds. 8.What does the underlined phrase “scale up” mean in the second paragraph? A.Stop. B.Notice. C.Enlarge. D.Praise. 9.Which of the following is NOT what David and his team did to protect the elephants? A.They fought against the elephant hunters and caught some of them. B.They tried to persuade community leaders to help protect elephants. C.They collected data about elephant families and built a digital database. D.They observed individual elephants carefully to learn about elephant society. 10.How does David feel about the present situation of elephants in Kenya? A.Hunting of elephants has been completely stopped. B.Their efforts to protect elephants are fruitless. C.Community leaders will not continue supporting their programme. D.It's a great challenge to solve the human­elephant conflict. 11.What is the text mainly about? A.Tusk Conservation Awards. B.The man fighting for elephants. C.A digital database. D.Human­elephant conflict. [二次精读] 重点单词 passionate ['pæʃənət] adj.热烈的； 激昂的； 易怒的 director [də'rektə(r)] n.导演； 主任； 经理； 院长； 指挥 individual [ˌɪndɪ'vɪdʒuəl] adj.单独的； 个人的； 独特的n.个人 coexistence [ˌkəʊɪg'zɪstəns] n.共处； 共存 analysis [ə'næləsɪs] n.分析(报告) dynamics [daɪ'næmɪks] n.相互作用； 动态 creature ['kriːtʃə(r)] n.生物，动物 重点短语 in turn相应地；转而；依次；轮流 converse with与人交谈 result from产生于……， 由……引起 语块积累 the next generation下一代　over the past 20 years在过去的20年里 on a daily basis每天(指一起共事) social structure社会结构 in local communities在当地社区 a huge challenge巨大的挑战 长难句分析 Recognizing individual elephants is the key to understanding how elephant society works, which in turn helps conservationists design solutions for coexistence that work for them and humans. 识别个体大象是了解大象社会如何运作的关键，这反过来又有助于保护主义者设计适合大象和人类的共存解决方案。 分析：这是一个主从复合句，Recognizing individual elephants为动名词作主语；句中how elephant...作understanding的宾语；which引导非限制性定语从句，其先行词为前面的整个句子。 Ⅱ.七选五 (2024·广东高一校联考期末)One great way to spend time outdoors is to garden. Here are some benefits you can get from gardening. __1__ Studies have found evidence that being in nature is linked with less anxiety, less depression and many other positive effects. The nice thing about a garden is that it can be right in your yard.__2__， you're much more likely to be outside when the work of a garden requires it. Eat healthfully A garden can make the freshest and healthiest foods available. And the types of foods can have a great impact on your mental health.__3__. Practice acceptance Most suffering comes from trying to control things that you can't. The more you can accept the limits of your control in your life, the more peace of mind you can find—and gardening is a great way to practice.__4__. You just bring your best efforts to what you can control, and let go of the rest. Develop a growth mindset(思维模式) Psychologist Carol Dweck developed the difference between “fixed” and “growth” mindsets, and gardening is a great opportunity to develop the latter.__5__. When something doesn't work out the way you hoped, you view it as a learning opportunity rather than as a failure. A.If you like healthy food B.Spend more time in nature C.While you spend time sitting in your yard D.With a growth mindset, we're constantly learning E.Acceptance in the garden or elsewhere doesn't mean giving up F.Studies shows that diet changes can be helpful for depression G.There's the added benefit of knowing you played a role in growing the food Ⅲ.语法填空 In traditional Chinese culture, sky lanterns represent people's good wishes, carrying them into the sky and making heaven aware of them. According to Chinese history, sky lanterns, first used by Zhuge Kongming, 1.________ (send) out to ask for help when he was in trouble. 2.________ important occasions such as festivals, weddings and birthdays, people often light sky lanterns 3.________ (express) their blessings and good wishes. Sky lanterns are made of bamboo and covered with paper，4.________ (shape) like lanterns and coming in different sizes, of which most are circular or rectangular (矩形). When lanterns, 5.________ are seen as bright symbols of happiness and good wishes, are lit, they slowly rise into the air like small hot­air balloons for all to see. When the sky lanterns reach a certain 6.________ (high), they swing in the wind, 7.________ (shine) with brilliant and beautiful light. However, sky lanterns can be 8.________ (safe). If they are not used carefully, they can cause fires or other accidents. Therefore, before lighting a sky lantern, it is 9.________ must to take safety precautions (预防措施) and choose a safe location. Sky lanterns, each of which 10.________ (represent) good wishes and blessings, bringing great joy and beauty to people, are a special part of Chinese traditional culture. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ [读与练·阅读限时训练二] Ⅰ.阅读理解 A [语篇解读]　这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了让西双版纳成为2022年最值得去的地方之一的原因。 1.C　细节理解题。根据第二段中“With the China­Laos railway scheduled to open on December 2, 2021, trips to Xishuangbanna Dai autonomous prefecture would be more accessible.(随着中老铁路定于2021年12月2日开通，前往西双版纳傣族自治州的旅行将更加便利。)”可知，中老铁路定于2021年12月2日开通，这使去西双版纳旅行更容易，故选C。 2.C　细节理解题。根据第四段中“XTBG, situated in the south of the province(XTBG位于该省南部)”可知，XTBG位于云南省南部，故选C。 3.B　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Manting Park is the oldest park in the region that dates back 1，300 years, which is also one of the main venues for the annual Water Splashing Festival (WSF), the most important traditional occasion for the Dai people to welcome the New Year.[曼听公园是该地区最古老的公园，已有1 300年的历史，也是每年泼水节(WSF)的主要场所之一，泼水节是傣族人迎接新年最重要的传统场合。]”可知，庆祝泼水节对傣族人来说非常重要。故选B。 B [语篇解读]　本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了73岁的Catia Lattouf de Arida作为一名自学成才的蜂鸟看护者，她将大部分空闲时间和资源投入照顾这些小鸟恢复健康上。 4.C　段落大意题。根据第一段中“As a self­taught hummingbird care­taker, she devotes most of her free time and resources to nursing the tiny birds back to health. (作为一名自学成才的蜂鸟看护者，她将大部分空闲时间和资源投入照顾这些小鸟恢复健康上。)”和第二段中“She managed to nurse Gucci back to health, but she said it was Gucci that saved her. Why? Because the hummingbird managed to pull her out of the sadness and loneliness that had taken over her life.(她设法护理古奇恢复健康，但她说是古奇救了她。为什么？因为蜂鸟成功地将她从占据她生活的悲伤和孤独中拉了出来。)”可知，Catia Lattouf de Arida救了蜂鸟，同时蜂鸟也把她从悲伤和孤独中拯救出来，由此可知，帮助别人就是在帮助我们自己，故选C。 5.B　词句猜测题。根据画线单词上文“Word of her success spread among Catia's friends, and before long some of them began bringing her injured hummingbirds.(卡蒂亚的成功的消息在朋友们中传开，不久之后，他们中的一些人开始给她带来受伤的蜂鸟。)”和下文“She began to study the bird and their habits in order to better take care of them, and after 11 years of experience, the 73­year­old woman is considered an expert on hummingbirds(为了更好地照顾它们，她开始研究蜂鸟和它们的习性，经过11年的经验，这位73岁的女士被认为是蜂鸟方面的专家)”可知，一些人给她带来受伤的蜂鸟，她应该是没有拒绝他们，接受了这些蜂鸟，因为下文提到她照顾这些蜂鸟，并开始研究它们的习性；由此可知，画线单词意为“拒绝”，与B项“Refuse(拒绝)”意思一样，故选B。 6.C　细节理解题。根据最后一段中“In order to raise awareness of the difficult situation of hummingbirds in Mexico, Catia Lattouf de Arida started posting videos of the patients in her Mexico City apartment on social media, and many of them became popular. That's when the need for her nursing services really blew up. (为了提高人们对墨西哥蜂鸟困境的认识，卡蒂亚·拉图夫·德·阿里达开始在社交媒体上发布她在墨西哥城公寓中照顾这些蜂鸟的视频，其中许多视频广受欢迎。就在那时，对她的护理服务的需求真正爆发了。)”可知，在媒体上分享了这些鸟的视频后，Catia的护理服务量急剧增加，故选C。 7.D　推理判断题。根据第一段中“That's where 73­year­old Catia Lattouf de Arida comes in. As a self­taught hummingbird care­taker, she devotes most of her free time and resources to nursing the tiny birds back to health. (这就是73岁的卡蒂亚·拉图夫·德·阿里达发挥作用的地方。作为一名自学成才的蜂鸟看护者，她将大部分空闲时间和资源投入到照顾这些小鸟恢复健康上。)”可知，Catia很有爱心；根据最后一段中“In order to raise awareness of the difficult situation of hummingbirds in Mexico, Catia Lattouf de Arida started posting videos of the patients in her Mexico City apartment on social media, and many of them became popular. (为了提高人们对墨西哥蜂鸟困境的认识，卡蒂亚·拉图夫·德·阿里达开始在社交媒体上发布她在墨西哥城公寓中照顾这些蜂鸟的视频，其中许多视频广受欢迎。)”可知，她致力于提高人们对墨西哥蜂鸟困境的认识，这说明她很有责任心，故选D。 C [语篇解读]　本文是一则新闻报道。文章介绍了David Daballen和他的团队为保护大象所做的努力。 8.C　词句猜测题。根据上文以及第二段末句“...create more wildlife passages and develop even tighter relationships with leaders.(……创造更多的野生动物通道，并与领导人建立更紧密的关系。)”可知，David Daballen被提名后，打算扩大他的使命，为保护大象做出更多的努力，如建立更多的野生动物走廊，与领导人建立更加紧密的联系。故可猜测画线短语scale up为“扩大”的意思，结合选项C，Enlarge“扩大”意思一致。故选C。 9.A　细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“He and his colleagues were able to persuade community leaders to act to stop elephant hunting in northern Kenya between 2009 and 2013.(2009年至2013年期间，他和他的同事们说服了社区领导人采取行动，制止了肯尼亚北部的大象狩猎。)”可知，David和同事们努力说服社区领导人阻止偷猎大象，但并没有提到自己去抓捕偷猎者。故选A。 10.D　推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“But these creatures are now facing a new trouble: human­elephant conflict (冲突) resulting from overgrazing and climate change. ‘Solving this is going to be a huge challenge，’ David adds.(但是这些生物现在面临着一个新的麻烦：过度放牧和气候变化导致的人象冲突。‘解决这个问题将是一个巨大的挑战，’David补充道。)”可知，解决人象冲突这一任务是一个巨大的挑战。故选D。 11.B　主旨大意题。纵观全文内容以及第一段“David Daballen has been passionate about wildlife since he was a young boy. Now director of field operations at Save the Elephants, he's been named as a finalist in the Tusk Conservation (环境保护) Awards, which celebrate Africa­based conservation leaders and wildlife rangers (护林员).(David Daballen伦从小就对野生动物充满热情。现在，他是‘拯救大象’实地行动的负责人，他被提名为‘象牙保护奖’的决赛选手，该奖项旨在表彰非洲的保护领袖和野生动物护林员。)”可知，本文主要讲David Daballen为保护大象所做的努力。故选B。 Ⅱ.七选五 [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了做园艺带来的益处。 1.B　文章结构分析可知设空处为小标题；根据下文“Studies have found evidence that being in nature is linked with less anxiety, less depression and many other positive effects. The nice thing about a garden is that it can be right in your yard.(研究发现，身处大自然可以减少焦虑、抑郁和其他许多积极影响。花园的好处在于它就在你的院子里。)”以及“you're much more likely to be outside when the work of a garden requires it (当花园的工作需要时，你更有可能在户外)”可知，本段说明花园就在自己的院子里，做园艺活动就会在户外，能够有更多时间接触自然，而这有助于减少焦虑与抑郁；B选项“Spend more time in nature(花更多的时间待在大自然中)”能够概括本段主旨，适合作为本段小标题。故选B。 2.C　上文“The nice thing about a garden is that it can be right in your yard. (花园的好处是它就在你的院子里。)”以及下文“you're much more likely to be outside when the work of a garden requires it (当花园的工作需要时，你更有可能在外面)”指出花园的好处在于就在院子里，花园里需要干的工作会让你更可能待在户外；C选项“While you spend time sitting in your yard(当你坐在院子里的时候)”符合语境，“sitting in your yard”承接上文的“in your yard”。故选C。 3.G　上文“A garden can make the freshest and healthiest foods available. And the types of foods can have a great impact on your mental health. (菜园可以提供最新鲜、最健康的食物。食物的种类对你的心理健康有很大的影响。)”指出干园艺工作能够提供最新鲜、最健康的食物，食物的种类对心理健康有很大的影响；G选项“There's the added benefit of knowing you played a role in growing the food(还有知道你在种植食物的过程中发挥了作用这一个额外的好处)”承接上文，阐述干园艺活种植食物带来的益处，符合语境。故选G。 4.E　由上文“The more you can accept the limits of your control in your life, the more peace of mind you can find—and gardening is a great way to practice. (你越能接受生活中控制的极限，你就越能找到内心的平静——园艺是一种很好的练习方式。)”指出园艺是一种很好的练习接受生活中控制的极限，找到内心的平静的方式；E选项“Acceptance in the garden or elsewhere doesn't mean giving up(在花园或其他地方接受并不意味着放弃)”承接上文，指出在花园或其他地方接受现状并不意味着放弃；下文“You just bring your best efforts to what you can control, and let go of the rest.(你只需要尽你最大的努力去控制你能控制的事情，其他的就放手吧。)”承接E选项，说明无论是在园艺上还是在其他方面你只需尽力而为；选项中的“Acceptance”与标题相呼应。故选E。 5.D　上文“Psychologist Carol Dweck developed the difference between ‘fixed’ and ‘growth’ mindsets, and gardening is a great opportunity to develop the latter. (心理学家Carol Dweck提出了‘定式’思维模式和‘成长型’思维模式之间的区别，园艺是发展后者的绝佳机会。)”指出园艺是发展成长型思维模式的绝佳机会；D选项“With a growth mindset, we're constantly learning(有了成长型思维模式，我们就在不断地学习)”承接上文，指出有了成长的心态，我们就能不断地学习，符合语境。故选D。 Ⅲ.语法填空 [语篇解读]　这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了孔明灯的历史、用途、结构、升空过程以及使用时的注意事项。 1.were sent　考查动词语态、主谓一致。句意：根据中国历史，孔明灯，首先被诸葛孔明使用，在他处于困境时被用来寻求帮助。根据句中was可知，句子使用一般过去时，主语sky lanterns与动词send之间是被动关系，所以使用一般过去时的被动语态，结构为was/were done，主语sky lanterns是复数，be动词用were。故填were sent。 2.On　考查介词。句意：在重要的场合，例如节日、婚礼和生日，人们经常点燃孔明灯来表达他们的祝福和美好的祝愿。当occasion要表达“场合”的意思时，前面应与介词on搭配，on important occasions意为“在重要的场合”，位于句首，首字母大写。故填On。 3.to express　考查非谓语动词。句意：在重要的场合，例如节日、婚礼和生日，人们经常点燃孔明灯来表达他们的祝福和美好的祝愿。本句谓语为light，空处作非谓语动词，应用动词不定式形式作目的状语。故填to express。 4.shaped　考查非谓语动词。句意：孔明灯是由竹子制成的，上面覆盖着纸，形状像灯笼，有不同的尺寸，大多是圆形或矩形。本句谓语为are made of和and后省略了be动词的covered with，所以空处作非谓语动词，shape“(使)成为……形状(或样子)”与其逻辑主语Sky lanterns之间是被动关系，所以使用过去分词shaped。故填shaped。 5.which　考查定语从句。句意：当被视为幸福和美好愿望的象征的灯笼被点燃时，它们慢慢地升到空中，像小热气球一样，让所有人都能看到。本空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是lanterns，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 6.height　考查名词。句意：当孔明灯达到一定高度时，它们在风中摇摆，闪耀着明亮而美丽的光芒。根据空前的冠词a可知，本空用名词height，意为“高度”。故填height。 7.shining　考查非谓语动词。句意：当孔明灯达到一定高度时，它们在风中摇摆，闪耀着明亮而美丽的光芒。主句主语是they，谓语动词是swing，所以此处为非谓语动词，shine与逻辑主语 they之间是主动关系，所以使用现在分词作状语。故填shining。 8.unsafe　考查形容词。句意：然而，孔明灯可能是不安全的。根据后文“If they are not used carefully, they can cause fires or other accidents. (如果使用不小心，它们可能会引起火灾或其他事故。)”可知，此处意为“不安全的”，用形容词unsafe，作表语。故填unsafe。 9.a　考查冠词。句意：因此，在点燃孔明灯之前，采取安全预防措施并选择安全的地点是一件必须做的事。must是名词，意为“必须做的事”，是可数名词，此处泛指“一件必须做的事”，所以使用不定冠词，must是以辅音音素开头的单词，前边应用不定冠词a。故填a。 10.represents　考查动词时态、主谓一致。句意：孔明灯，每一个都代表美好的祝愿和祝福，给人们带来极大的欢乐和美丽，是中国传统文化的一个特殊部分。represent“代表”，根据句中are可知，句子使用一般现在时，“each of which 10.________ (represent) good wishes and blessings”是非限制性定语从句，先行词sky lanterns指物，each of which表示单数意义，从句谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填represents。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$