UNIT1 单元话题阅读二（Word练习）-【拓展阅读】2024-2025学年高中英语必修第二册（人教版2019）

[材料选自外研(2019)新教材选择性必修第二册Unit 5] ◎ WHY SHENNONGJIA? Good morning, everyone.[1]It is my great pleasure to give a lecture here on behalf of① the Be at One with Nature Association. [1]It作形式主语，动词不定式短语to give ...作真正的主语。 As we know, in 2016，Shennongjia made it② onto the UNESCO World Heritage List. But there are so many important places not yet on this list. So you might ask：why Shennongjia? Is it its forests [2]that stretch③ on and on like great green seas? Is it the legendary④ father of Chinese herbal⑤ medicine, Shennong, [3]after whom the park is named⑥？ [4]Or is it the mysterious⑦ creature called “Yeren” (wild man) that has captured⑧ the imagination of the world? [2]that引导定语从句，修饰名词forests。 [3]after whom引导非限制性定语从句，修饰名词Shennong。 [4]本句为强调句型，强调the mysterious creature called “Yeren” (wild man)；过去分词短语called “Yeren” (wild man) 作后置定语，修饰名词creature。 UNESCO awarded Shennongjia this status⑨ [5]because it meets two criteria⑩ required by the list. It contains a naturally­balanced environment [6] that allows the many and various species to live and prosper⑪. It is also one of the rare⑫ locations in the world [7]where scientists can observe in real time the ecological⑬ and biological⑭ processes that occur as the plants and animals develop and evolve⑮. [5]because引导原因状语从句；过去分词短语required by the list作后置定语，修饰名词criteria。 [6]that引导定语从句，修饰名词environment。 [7]where引导定语从句，修饰名词locations；that引导定语从句，修饰名词processes；as引导时间状语从句。 For the first criterion，Shennongjia is apparently⑯ one of the most “complete” natural areas in the world. The region rises from about 400 metres to over 3，000 metres above sea level, [8]giving it the name the “Roof of Central China”. The vast⑰ range⑱ in altitude⑲ results in⑳ a great variation in climatic conditions. This allows a wide variety of species to thrive. Some of the plants and animals have survived millions of years, and are regarded as living fossils. For the second criterion, we can see that Shennongjia has incredible biodiversity. Look at this slide. According to official statistics, over 3，000 plant species have been recorded there. This represents more than ten per cent of China's total floral richness. Shennongjia supports more than 600 vertebrate species, including the Golden Snubnosed Monkey and the Clouded Leopard. Additionally， around 4，300 insect species have been recorded. [9]It is a challenge to look after so many species. In winter, scientists brave heavy snow and freezing temperatures [10]to supply food to the Golden Snubnosed Monkey. Thanks to their efforts, the monkey's population has doubled since the 1980s. Their number reached over 1，300 in 2015 and continues to grow. [9]It作形式主语，动词不定式短语to look after so many species作真正的主语。 [10]动词不定式短语作目的状语。 But the most impressive aspect of Shennongjia is the local people, [11]who take things from nature without causing damage. I visited a local village [12]which is known for its homemade honey.[13]What is special about the honey is that it is produced by the earliest species of Chinese bee. Every spring, the villagers place beehives around their houses [14]to attract these wild bees from the forest. Although endangered elsewhere in China due to the invasion of foreign species, the bees of Shennongjia have coexisted with the local people for centuries. By providing the bees with a secure home, the villagers collect their honey in return. This is just one of the ways [15]in which people of Shennongjia live and work in harmony with nature. [11]who引导非限制性定语从句，修饰the local people。 [12]which引导定语从句，修饰a local village。 [13]what引导主语从句；that引导表语从句。 [14]动词不定式短语作目的状语。 [15]in which引导定语从句，修饰名词ways。 All of this explains[16]why Shennongjia earned—and deserves—its place on the UNESCO World Heritage List, as well as highlighting how understanding, awareness and hard work have contributed towards protecting a unique and wonderful part of our natural world. Thank you for listening. Now, does anyone have any questions? ◎ ①on behalf of代表 ②make it (经历艰难困苦后)成功；(及时)到达(尤指来得及做某事) ③stretch [stretʃ] v.绵延；延伸 ④legendary ['ledʒəndri] adj.非常著名的；传奇的 ⑤herbal ['hɜːb(ə)l] adj.用香(药)草制成的 ⑥be named after以……命名 ⑦mysterious [mɪ'stɪəriəs] adj.神秘的 ⑧capture ['kæptʃə(r)] v.引起(注意、想象、兴趣) ⑨status ['steɪtəs] n.地位；身份 ⑩criterion [kraɪ'tɪəriən] n.标准，准则 criteria [kraɪ'tɪəriə] (复数) ⑪prosper ['prɒspə] v.兴旺，发达 ⑫rare [reə]adj.稀有的，罕见的 ⑬ecological [ˌiːkə'lɒdʒɪk(ə)l] adj.生态(学)的 ⑭biological [ˌbaɪə'lɒdʒɪk(ə)l] adj.生物的，与生物有关的 ⑮evolve [i'vɒlv] v.逐渐演变；进化 ⑯apparently [ə'pærəntli] adv.据说；看来，似乎 ⑰vast [vɑːst] adj.巨大的；广大的 ⑱range [reɪndʒ] n.(变动或浮动的)范围 ⑲altitude ['æltɪtjuːd] n.海拔(高度) ⑳result in导致，引起 variation [ˌveəri'eɪʃ(ə)n] n.差异；变化 a wide variety of各种各样的，种类繁多的 thrive [θraɪv] v.茁壮成长 be regarded as被视作；被认为 fossil ['fɒs(ə)l] n.化石 slide [slaɪd] n.幻灯片 floral ['flɔːrəl] adj.花的 vertebrate ['vɜːtɪbrɪt] n.脊椎动物 additionally [ə'dɪʃənəli] adv.此外；另外 brave [breɪv] v.冒(风险，恶劣天气)；勇敢面对 freezing ['friːzɪ] adj.极冷的；冰冻的；冰点以下的 place [pleɪs] v.放置，安放 beehive ['biːhaɪv] n.蜂房，蜂箱 endangered [ɪn'deɪndʒəd] adj.濒临灭绝的 elsewhere [els'weə] adv.在别处 due to由于，因为 invasion [ɪn'veɪʒ(ə)n] n.涌入 coexist [ˌkəʊɪɡ'zɪst] v.共存，共处 secure [sɪ'kjʊə] adj.稳固的；安全的 in return反过来；作为报答 highlight ['haɪlaɪt] v.强调；突出 ◎ 为什么是神农架？ 大家早上好。我很开心能代表人与自然和谐相处协会在这里发表演讲。 众所周知，神农架在2016年正式入选联合国教科文组织的《世界遗产名录》。世界上重要的地方那么多，但许多都没有被列入该名单。所以你可能会问：为什么是神农架？是因为它拥有像绿色海洋般广袤的森林吗？还是因为它是以中国草药之父神农命名？抑或是叫作“野人”的神秘生物吸引了全世界的目光？ 联合国教科文组织让神农架入选是因为它符合入选名录的两项标准：它拥有一个自然平衡的环境，使许多不同的物种得以生存和繁衍。它也是世界上人迹罕至之地，科学家们可以实时观察到植物和动物发展和进化过程中的生态学和生物学过程。 就第一项标准而言，我们可以自豪地说神农架是世界上最“完整”的自然区域之一。该地区的海拔从大约400米上升到3 000多米，被称为“华中屋脊”。海拔的巨大差异导致了迥然不同的气候环境，使得大量不同的物种得以繁衍生息。一些动植物生存了数百万年，被视为活化石。 对于第二个标准，我们可以看到神农架有着极丰富的生物多样性。请看这张幻灯片。根据官方统计，在神农架内有记录的植物物种超过3 000种，占到了中国全部开花植物的10%以上。神农架还有600多种脊椎动物，包括川金丝猴和云豹。此外，有记录的昆虫物种也达到了4 300种左右。 照顾如此多的物种是一项挑战。冬季，科学家们不畏暴雪和严寒为川金丝猴提供食物。也正是因为他们的付出，川金丝猴的数量相比于20世纪80年代增加了一倍，到2015年达到1 300多只，而且其数量还在持续增长。 不过神农架给人印象最深的地方还在于当地人的生活方式，他们从大自然中索取，但不会破坏生态平衡。我去了一个以自制蜂蜜而闻名的当地村庄参观。这种蜂蜜的独特之处在于它是由最古老的一种中华蜜蜂产的。每年春天，村民们就会在自家周围放置一些蜂箱，吸引森林中的野生蜜蜂。虽然在中国的其他地区，由于外来物种入侵，这种蜜蜂濒临灭绝，但是神农架的人们和这种蜜蜂已经共存了几个世纪，村民为它们提供安全住所，蜜蜂为人们提供蜂蜜。这只是神农架的村民与自然和谐相处的方式之一。 以上这些解释了为什么神农架能够并理应入选联合国教科文组织的《世界遗产名录》，同时也强调了人们的理解、认识和付出是如何促进对这一自然界独特且美好区域的保护的。 感谢大家的聆听。现在大家有什么问题吗？ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$