专题69 时间状语从句（精讲课件）-备战2025年中考英语语法复习全攻略（全国通用）

时间状语从句 初中英语语法课件 英 英 语 语 堂 堂 课 课 ENGLISH LESSON 1 CONTENTS 时间状语从句 01 原因状语从句 03 地点状语从句 02 结果状语从句 04 目的状语从句 05 方式状语从句 07 让步状语从句 06 2 在句中起状语作用的从句叫作状语从句。状语从句可以位于句首、句中或句尾。位于句首时，常用逗号与主句隔开；位于句中时，从句前后须用逗号；位于句尾时，从句的前面可以不用逗号。状语从句主要包括时间状语从句、地点状语从句、条件状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、让步状语从句、方式状语从句和比较状语从句。 when, while和as的共同用法 when, while和as都可以引导时间状语从句，意为“当······时候”。若表示主句中的动词和从句中的动作同时发生，而从句的谓语动词是延续性动词时，这三个词是等同的，可以互换。 1.when, while和as的用法 When/ While/ As we were dancing, a stranger came in. 当我们跳舞的时候，一个陌生人进来了。 When/ While/ As I was taking a bath, the telephone rang. 我在洗澡的时候，电话响了。 When/While/As she was listening to music, she fell asleep. 当她在听音乐的时候，她睡着了。 延续性动词 延续性动词 延续性动词 (2) when, while和as的用法区别 ①when引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词既可以是延续性的，也可以是非延续性的，而while引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词只能是延续性的。 When you came in, I was talking with a few boys. 你进来时，我正在和几个男孩子谈话。 While we were waiting for the bus, it was raining heavily. 我们等公交车时，天正下着大雨。 非延续性 延续性 ②while和as常表示从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生，而when表示从句的动作发生在主句的动作之前、之后，也可同时发生。 They rushed in while/ as we were discussing problems. 当我们正在讨论问题时，他们冲了进来。 When he had finished his homework, he took a short rest. 他写完作业后，休息了一会儿。 When I got to the airport, the guests had left. 当我到达机场时，客人们已经离开了。 两个动作同时发生 先发生 后发生 先发生 后发生 7 对比意义 ③while表示两个延续性动作同时发生而又有对比意义，主从句的时态通常是相同的。 While she was making a phone call, I was writing a letter. 她打电话时，我正在写信。 Eddie was sleeping while Millie was reading a magazine. 艾迪在睡觉而米莉在看杂志。 对比意义 对比意义 8  ④as意为“随着……；一边……，一边……”，常用于表示两个动作同时或者几乎同时发生；表示两个发展变化中的情况；表示在某事发生的过程中另外一件事发生；表示随着短暂动作的发生，另一动作立刻发生。 As you grow older, you will know better and better about yourself. 同时发生随着年龄的增长，你会越来越了解自己。 As he was reading, he was shaking his head.他边读书边摇头。 同时发生 两个动作同时发生 两个动作同时发生 2. as soon as的用法 as soon as意为“一……就……”，表示从句的动作一发生，主句的动作随即发生。 —Mom, I'm leaving for Beijing tomorrow. 妈妈，明天我将去北京。 —That's nice. You'd better ring me up as soon as you get there. 那很好。你最好一到那里就给我打个电话。 (ring me up紧跟在get there之后发生) 英语中表示“一……就……”的相当于从属连词作用的还有immediately, directly,no sooner... than..., hardly...when等。 As soon as he heard the news, he jumped with joy. 一听到这个消息，他高兴地跳了起来。 (jump紧跟在hear之后发生) 重点提醒 as soon as引导的时间状语从句，需要用一般现在时代替一般将来时，主句用一般将来时或祈使句。 I will write to you as soon as I arrive home. 我一到家就给你写信。 I will give you an answer as soon as I finish reading your letter. 一读完你的信我就给你答复。 一般将来时 一般现在时 一般将来时 一般现在时 3. Since的用法 (1)since意为“自从……”，主句常用现在完成时或一般现在时，从句常用一般过去时。 I have lived in England since I was three. 自3岁起我就一直住在英国。 It is two years since I became a college student. 我成为一名大学生已经两年了。 现在完成时 一般过去时 一般现在时 一般过去时 12 (2)从句谓语不同，表达的意义不同。 ①since引导的从句的谓语如果是延续性动词或者表示状态的动词，则从句表示的时间是从该动作或状态结束时算起。 It has been a year since he worked here. 他不在这里工作已经一年了。 （work是延续性动词，因此从该动作结束时算起） He has written to me regularly since he was ill. 自从病好以来，他定期给我来信。 （be ill是表示状态的动词，因此从该动作结束时算起） 延续性动词 表示状态的动词 13 ②since引导的从句的谓语如果是非延续性动词，则从句表示的时间是从该动作开始的那一刻算起。 We haven't seen each other since we parted. 自从分手以后我们一直没有见过面。 （part是非延续性动词，因此从该动作开始时算起） We have been good friends since we joined the team. 自从加入这个队以来，我们就成了好朋友。 （join是非延续性动词，因此从该动作开始的时刻算起） 非延续性动词 非延续性动词 (3) It is/ has been... since句式 "It is/ has been+时间段+ since从句”句式表示“自从······以来有（多久）”。since从句不可以用否定句。 It is/ has been 5 years since we last met. 自从我们上次见面以来已经有5年了。 It is/ has been a long time since Mary was ill. 玛丽病好很长时间了。 4. until/till的用法 until/ till意为“直到………为止”。当主句为否定句时，常构成“not… until...”结构，意为“直到⋯⋯才⋯⋯”。 (1)主句是否定句时 主句如果是否定句，谓语动词需用非延续性动词，表示主句的动作到从句表示的时间点才开始。 You can't leave until you have finished your homework. 家庭作业写完后你才能离开。 I didn't know anything about it until you told me. 直到你告诉我，我才知道关于这件事情的一切。 否定句，谓语为非延续性动词 否定句，谓语为非延续性动词 16 (2)主句是肯定句时 主句如果是肯定句，谓语动词需用延续性动词，表示主句的动作直到从句表示的时间点就结束。 I will wait for you until/ till you come back. 我会一直等，直到你回来。 You may stay here until/ till the rain stops. 你可以在这里一直待到雨停。 肯定句，谓语为延续性动词 肯定句，谓语为延续性动词  (3)用于句首时，常用until而不用till Until you told me, I had heard nothing of what happened. 直到你告诉我以前，我一点都不知道出了什么事。 Until the manager returns, nothing can be done. 经理不回来，什么也不能做。 Until I saw the photo, I remembered that old friend. 直到我看到这张照片，我才想起了那位老朋友。 18 5. before, after的用法 5. before, after的用法 before意为“在······之前”时，表示主句动作发生在从句动作之 前。after意为“在······之后”，表示主句动作发生在从句动作之后。 Please turn off the lights before you leave the classroom. 请在离开教室前关上灯。 He arrived after the game started. 比赛开始后他才到。 先发生 先发生 后发生 后发生 19 before常用于“It+ will/ would(not)+ be+一段时间+ before...”句型中，其肯定句意为“多长时间后才……”；否定句意为“用不了多长时间就……”。 It will be a long time before we finish this task. 我们需要很长时间才能把这个任务完成。 It won't be long before we meet again. 过不了多久我们就会再见面的。 要点提升 6. By the time 的用法 by the time常用来指到某一时间点为止，主句常用完成时态。 By the time he was 12, he had travelled to more than 30 countries. 到12岁为止，他已经去过30多个国家了。 By the time I got outside, the bus had already left. 我到外面时，公交车已经开走了。 21 7. 名词短语引导时间状语从句的用法 表示时间的名词短语有时也可以引导时间状语从句，常见的此类时间短语有： the time 那时 the moment 一……就…… the minute 一……就…… the day 那天 the last time 上一次 the second time 第二次 each day 每一天 every time 每一次 next time 下一次 any time 任何时候 22 The day he returned home, his father was already dead. 他到家的那天，他父亲已经去世了。 He said he'd phone you the moment he got home. 他说他一到家就给你打电话。 He was much better the last time I saw him. 上次我见到他时，他好多了。 Every time I see him, he is working hard. 我每次见到他，他都在拼命地工作。 23 practice 1．—Could you help me look after my baby ________ I am away?  —________. A．as; With pleasure B．while; My pleasure C．as; That’s all right D．while; With pleasure 2．—________ will the discussion last?—________ we have got a result. A．How long; Not until B．When; Not until C．How long; Until D．When; Until 3．Mr. Black walked around and offered help ________we were doing an experiment. A．while B．before C．after D．until 4．Susan, do your homework quickly. We’ll go for a picnic as soon as your homework ________. A．finishes B．will finish C．is finished D．will be finished 5．—________ did you go to bed last night?   —________ my mother came back. A．How long; Not until B．How long; Until C．When; Not until D．When ; Until D C A C C practice 6．Love your parents ________ they are alive. Don’t wait until it is too late. A．because B．before C．while D．unless 7．It ________ a long time before Jenny came back home from Canada. A．was B．will be C．has been D．is 8．The young boy has lived a hard life ________ his parents died. A．when B．since C．although D．before 9．People don’t know the value of their health ________ they lose it. A．when B．as C．after D．until 10．—What a dull rainy day again! When will the rain stop? —________ next Saturday. The weather forecast says it will last a whole week. A．Until B．Before C．After D．Not until C A B D D practice 11．— May I borrow another two books, Madam?— Sorry. No more books can be borrowed until these two ________. A．return B．are returned C．will return D．will be returned 12．—When will the meeting end? —________. A．Not until the agreement is reached. B．Until the agreement is reached. C．Not till the agreement is reached. D．Till the agreement is reached. 13．—Dad, please tell me when Mum ________. I miss her very much. —She will return when she ________ her task. And she will bring a nice present for you. A．will return; finishes B．will return; will finish C．returns; will finish 14．I was writing a letter at home ________ I heard a knock on the door. A．while B．when C．as D．but B A A B practice 15．Mrs. Brown ________ her keys in the office, so she had to wait until her husband _____ home. A．has left; comes B．had left; came C．had been away; came D．has been away; comes 16．Scientists say it may be five or ten years _____ it is possible to test this medicine on human patients. A．since B．before C．after D．when 17．I’ll give him your message ________ he comes back from lunch. A．until B．as soon as C．while D．before 18．We will fly a kite as soon as your homework ________. A．finishes B．will be finished C．has finished D．is finished B B B D THE END 28 $$