Unit 4 Sharing Reading and Thinking 课文解析与翻译 课件-2024-2025学年高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第四册

选择性必修 四 Unit 4 Sharing As you grow older, you will discover that you have two hands, one for helping yourself, the other for helping others. ----Sam Levenson Reading and Thinking 第壹部分 Volunteering In The Bush 丛林里的志愿行动 8 March （3月8日） I just got a parcel from home! It took about two weeks to arrive, and it was a bit damaged, but it was so nice to get some sweets and jam from home; I’ve been dying to have some of my favourite sweets, and it’s always nice to get mail. 我刚收到一个从家里寄来的包裹！大约花了两周的时间包裹才到达，而且有点破损，但是真高兴能收到家里寄来的糖果和果酱我一直非常渴望吃一些我最喜欢的糖果，而且收到邮包总是令人开心不已。 n./v. 包裹；裹好，打包 It takes/ took s.t to do sth 花费...做某事 it be + adj. + to do sth.，做某事是...的， it为形式主语，to do为真正的主语 渴望做某事 So I’ve been here in the jungle for about a month now. My secondary school is a bush school. The classrooms are made of bamboo, with clay floors and roofs of grass. 到现在我已经在丛林里待了大约一个月了。我所在的中学是一所丛林学校。教室是用竹子搭建的，黏土夯的地面，茅草搭的屋顶。 adj.中学的；次要的 由...制成 黏土夯的地面，茅草搭的屋顶 It takes me only a few minutes to walk to school down a dusty track covered in weeds. When I reach the school grounds, I’m greeted by a chorus of “good morning” from the boys. 沿着杂草丛生、尘土飞扬的小路，我几分钟就能走到学校。我走进校园时，男孩们齐声对我喊“早上好”。 It takes/ took sb. s.t to do sth 花费某人时间做某事 V-ed作后置定语 adj.布满灰尘的 prep. 沿着，顺 when 引导时间状语从句 齐声；异口同声 Unlike students in our country, these boys do not wear cotton uniforms, and many of them also have to walk a long way, sometimes for up to two hours, just to get to school. 与我们国家的学生不同，这些男孩不穿棉制校服，他们中的很多人得长途跋涉，有时长达两个小时才能到学校。 prep. 不像，和...不同 棉制校服 许多 多达，达到 There’s no electricity, running water or even textbooks, not to mention laptops, tablets, or other modern devices! All the students have are pencils, rubbers, and paper. I’m still trying to adapt to these conditions. 这里没有电，没有自来水，甚至也没有教科书，更不用说笔记本电脑、平板电脑或其他现代化设备了！学生们只有铅笔、橡皮和纸。我还在努力适应这些条件。 自来水 更不用说；且不说 定语从句，省略that，修饰all 适应 I’ve had to become much more imaginative in my teaching. Science is my most challenging subject as my students have no concept of doing experiments. 在我的教学中，我不得不变得更有想象力。科学课是我最具挑战性的科目，因为我的学生没有做实验的概念。 adj. 富于想象力的，创新的 adj. 富于挑战性的 as 引导原因状语从句 没有做某事的概念 There is no equipment, and since there isn’t even a washroom, if I need water I have to carry it from my house in a basin! It’s important not to be too rigid about rules here, too. 这里没有设备，甚至连洗手间都没有。如果需要水，我得用盆子从我的房子里端来！在这里，很重要的一点是也不能太墨守成规。 since 引导原因状语从句 if 引导条件状语从句 对...严格，固执 it be + adj. + to do sth.，做某事是...的， it为形式主语，to do为真正的主语 墨守成规 The other day I was showing the boys a chemistry experiment when, before I knew it, the mixture was bubbling out of the test tube spilling everywhere! 几天前，我正在给男孩们演示一个化学实验，在我反应过来前，混合物冒着泡从试管中涌出，洒得到处都是！ sb was/were doing ...when... 某人正在做...突然...，when引导时间状语从句 before引导时间状语从句，意为“没来得及...就” 几天前，前几日 v. 冒泡，沸腾 V-ing作结果状语 The class became a circus as the boys, who had never come across anything like this before, started jumping out of the windows. 班上乱成了马戏团，男孩们纷纷跳窗跑走，因为他们以前从没遇到过像这样的事情。 as 引导原因状语从句 who引导定语从句，作主语，修饰the boys V-ing作宾语 遇到，偶然发现 Sometimes I wonder how relevant chemistry is to these students - few will ever become chemists - and most will be going back to their villages after Year 8 anyway. To be honest, I doubt whether I’m making any difference to these boys’ lives at all. 有时，我会想化学对这些学生来说到底有多大的用处——几乎没有人会成为化学家——而且大多数人无论如何在八年级后都要回到自己的村庄。说实话，我怀疑我是否能给这些男孩们的生活带来一些不同。 how引导宾语从句 - 感叹句 表示“几乎没有”，数量非常少，带有否定的含义 老实说，说实话 whether引导宾语从句 对...有影响 17 April （4月17日） Last weekend I made my first visit to a remote village，home to one of our students, Tombe.   上周末，我第一次去了一个偏远的村庄，我们学生汤贝的家在那里。 第一次参观 / 采访... be home to...的家 同位语 Another teacher and I walked for two and a half hours to get there—first, up a mountain from where we had fantastic views, and then down a shaded path to the valley below. 我和另一位老师步行了两个半小时才到达那里。首先，爬上一座山，在山上我们看到了美妙的景色，然后沿着一条树荫遮蔽的小路走到下面的山谷。 adj. 极好的，绝妙的 from where引导定语从句，where是地点状语，相当于from there / here修饰a mountain 一条阴凉的小路 adj. 荫蔽的；色彩较暗的 When we arrived at the village, Tombe’s mother, Kiak, saw us coming and started crying “ieee ieee”. We shook hands with all the villagers. Everyone seemed to be related to Tombe. 我们到达村子时，汤贝的母亲齐亚克看见我们到来，就“唉咿——唉咿”地叫了起来。我们和所有的村民握手。每个人似乎都是汤贝的亲戚。 when 引导时间状语从句 同位语 see + 宾语 + 宾补（doing） V-ing作宾语 与...握手 与...有关系 Tombe’s father, Mukap, a man with a strong jaw and a wrinkled forehead, led us to his house, a low, round bamboo hut with no windows, with a door just big enough to get through, and with grass sticking out of the roof—this shows it is a man’s house. 汤贝的父亲穆卡普，一位下巴结实、额头满是皱纹的男人，把我们带到他的房子前：一座低矮的圆形竹屋，没有窗户，门的宽度仅够单人穿过，屋顶伸出一簇茅草--这表明这是一个男人的房子。 同位语 同位语 介词短语作定语，修饰a man 同位语 介词短语作定语，修饰hut with的复合结构：with + 宾语 + 宾补（adj.）作定语，修饰hut with的复合结构：with + 宾语 + 宾补（doing）作定语，修饰hut 通过 伸出、探出 宾语从句，省略that adj. 布满皱纹的，有皱纹的 Such housing is dark inside so it took time for our eyes to adjust. Fresh grass had been laid on the floor and there was a platform for Jenny and me to sleep on. 这样的房屋里面很暗，所以过了一会儿我们的眼睛才适应过来。 地上铺着新草，还有一个让我和珍妮睡觉的平台。 v. 调整，适应，习惯 lay - laid - laid v. 安放，放置；铺放，铺设 to do 作后置定语 There was a fireplace in the centre of the hut. The only possessions I could see were one broom, a few saucers, a kettle, cups, pans, and a couple of Jars. 屋子中央有个火炉。我能看到的物品只有一把扫帚、几个碟子、一个水壶，还有几个杯子、平底锅和罐子。 在...中心 定语从句，省略that，修饰possessions 几个，一对 Mukap built a fire outside and laid stones on it to heat. He then placed the hot stones in an empty oil drum with kau kau (sweet potato), ripe corn, and greens. He then covered the vegetables with banana leaves and left them to steam. 穆卡普在屋外生了火，然后把石头放在上面加热。接着，他把热石头放入一个空油桶，里面有栲栲（甘薯）、熟玉米和青菜。然后他用香蕉叶盖住蔬菜，把它们蒸上。 to do 作目的状语 一个空油桶 adj. 成熟的；时机成熟的 用...覆盖... v. 蒸（食物） It smelled delicious. We ate inside the hut sitting round the fire. I loved listening to the family talking softly to each other in their language, even though I could not participate much in the conversation. Luckily, Tombe interpreted for us. 食物闻起来很香。我们在屋内围着火炉吃饭。我喜欢听这家人用他们的语言轻声地交谈，虽然我无法参与多少他们的谈话，幸好汤贝为我们做了解说。 V-ing作伴随状语 V-ing作宾语 listen to + 宾语 + 宾补（doing） adv. 轻声地；温柔地 even though引导让步状语从句 参加，参与 v. 解释，说明 Later, I noticed a can standing upside down on the grill over the fire. After a while, Tombe threw it out of the doorway. Tom told me that the can was heated to dry out the leftover food. 后来，我注意到有一个罐子倒立在火炉上面的烤架上。过了一会儿，汤贝把它扔出门口去。他告诉我说，加热罐子是为了烤干剩菜。 notice + 宾语 + 宾补（doing） 倒立 throw - threw - thrown to do 作目的状语 变干；干透 n. 剩饭，剩菜 adj. 剩下的，多余的 that引导宾语从句 His family believes that leftovers attract bad spirits in the night, so any leftover food is dried up in a can and the can is then thrown out of the hut. 他们家相信剩菜会在夜晚引来恶灵，所以所有的剩菜都放在罐子里烤干，然后再把罐子扔到屋外。 that引导宾语从句 干涸 We left the village the next morning after many goodbyes and firm handshakes. My muscles were aching and my knees shaking as we dragged ourselves down the mountain towards home. 次日清晨，多次互道再见和紧紧握手之后，我们离开了村庄。当我们拖着沉重的步伐下山回家时，我浑身肌肉酸痛，双膝颤抖。 n. 公司，商行 adj.牢固的，坚定的，强有力的 v. 拖，拽 n.绊脚石 as 引导时间状语从句 省略系动词were 如果并列句中的左右两个分句虽然主语不同，但是两个分句有相同的be动词，那么可以省略连词和后一个分句的be动词。 例句：Its scientists were the world’s best, (省略 and) its workers (省略 were) the most skilled. That evening I fell happily into bed. It was such a privilege to have spent a day with Tombe’s family. 那天晚上，我心满意足地一头栽倒在床上。与汤贝一家共度了一日，真是一种荣幸。 it is / was + a privilege + to do sth. 做某事是一种荣幸， it为形式主语，to do为真正的主语，to have done为动词不定式的完成时，表明该动作先于谓语动词表示的动作发生 n. 特权，荣幸，光荣 $$