主题语境19 不同民族：文化习俗与传统节日-【创新教程】2026年高考英语总复习大一轮课时作业（话题版）

第二部分 人与社会 主题群五 历史、社会与文化 􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋 主题语境１９　不同民族:文化习俗与传统节日　学生用书P３４３ Ⅰ．阅读理解 A 　　ThetraditionalChinesesolarcalendardivides theyearinto２４solarterms．GrainRain,asthe lastterminspring,originatesfromtheoldsayＧ ing,“Rainbringsupthegrowthofhundredsof grains．” Keytimeforagriculture GrainRainfalsbetweentheendofspring andthebeginningofsummer,withinfrequent coldairmovingtothesouthandlingeringcoldair inthenorth．ItbringsamarkedincreaseintemＧ peratureandrainfal andthegrainsgrowfaster andstronger．It􀆳sakeytimetoprotectthecrops frominsectpests． Drinkingtea Thereisanoldcustominsouthern China thatpeopledrinkteaonthedayofGrainRain． SpringteaduringGrainRainisrichinvitamins andaminoacids,whichcanhelptoremoveheat fromthebodyandisgoodfortheeyes． Eatingtoonasinensis PeopleinnorthernChinahavethetradition toeattoonasinensisduringGrainRain．Anold Chinesesayinggoes,“Toonasinensisbeforethe rainisastenderassilk．”ThevegetableisnutriＧ tiousandcanhelptostrengthentheimmunesysＧ tem． GrainRainFestival TheGrainRainFestivaliscelebratedbyfishＧ ingvilagesinthecoastalareasofnorthernChina． GrainRainmarksthestartofthefishermen􀆳sfirst voyageoftheyear．Peopleworshiptheseaand stagesacrificeritesontheGrainRainFestival, prayingforabountifulharvestandasafevoyage fortheirlovedones． １．WhyisGrainRainimportantforagriculture? A．Itmarkstheendofcoldweather． B．Itbringsaslightclimaticvariation． C．Itcreatesachanceforpeststomultiply． D．Itprovidesincreasedrainfalforcropgrowth． ２．WhydopeopleeattoonasinensisduringGrain Rain? A．Toenjoyitsbesttaste． B．Toimprovetheirvision． C．Togetridofheatofthebody． D．Tomaketheirskinsmooth． ３．What􀆳sthesignificanceofGrain Raininthe coastalnorthernChina? A．Asignoftheendofbitterwinter． B．Thearrivalofthefishingseason． C．Acelebrationofareligiousfestival． D．Aprayforanabundantteaharvest． [语篇解读]　本文是一篇应用文.主要介绍 了 “谷雨”节气的一些习俗活动. １．D　[细节理解题.根据Keytimeforagriculture 部分中的“ItbringsamarkedincreaseintemＧ peratureandrainfalandthegrainsgrowfaster andstronger．(它带来了温度和降雨量的显著 增加,谷物生长得更快、更强壮.)”可知,谷雨对 农业很重要是因为它为作物生长提供了更多的 降雨.] ２．A　[细节理解题.根据Eatingtoonasinensis部 分中 的 “AnoldChinesesayinggoes,‘Toona sinensisbeforetherainisastenderassilk．’ Thevegetableisnutritiousandcan helpto strengthentheimmunesystem．(中国有句古话 叫‘雨前香椿嫩如丝’.这种蔬菜营养丰富,有 助于增强免疫系统.)”可知,谷雨时节人们吃香 椿是为了享受它最好的味道.] ３．B　[细节理解题.根据 GrainRainFestival部 分中的“TheGrainRainFestivaliscelebrated byfishingvilagesinthecoastalareasofnorthＧ ernChina．GrainRainmarksthestartofthe fishermen􀆳sfirstvoyageoftheyear．(谷雨节是 中国北方沿海地区的渔村庆祝的节日.谷雨标 志着渔民们一年中第一次航海的开始.)”可知, 谷雨在中国北方沿海代表捕鱼季节的到来.] B Acrossthe US,smal farmershave been strugglingforyearstocovertheircostsofproＧ duction．Evenfororganicfarmers,whocansel theproduceathigherprices,makingaprofitis tough．ButthroughouttheMidwest,anewfarmＧ toＧtablestrategyishelpingsomefarmers． AtStoneyAcresinAthens,Wisconsin,the farmyardistransformedeveryFridaynightbeＧ tweenMayandOctober－ashundredsofpeople cometoorderorganicpizzas． Ononesummerevening,BrendaandJosh Murrayorderoneofthesimplepizzas:pepperoni． Altheingredients(食材),exceptthecheese,are grownonthefarm．Thecheeseis madeata neighboringfamilyfarm．Eventhesausagesare frompigsraisedatStoneyAcres． 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀅰３６４􀅰 第二部分　人与社会 KatBeckerandTonySchultz,theownersof StoneyAcreshavebeenselingtheirproducethrough aCommunitySupportedAgriculture(CSA)proＧ gram．TheyalsoproducehoneyandsupplyvegeＧ tablestoalocalschool．Butpizzaisopeninga newfrontierfortheirfarm． “Our CSA program,which hasbeen our backboneandusedtobeabout８５％ ofourinＧ come,isnowalittlebitmorethan５０％ofourinＧ come,”Beckersays．“Inthesegrowingdirect markets,wecanhavemorecontroloverthepriＧ cing．” Whilecuttingoutthemiddlemanmaybean advantage,there􀆳sclearlymoretoit．SarahLakeＧ woodhasbeencomingtopizzanightatStoney Acressinceitstarted． “IhadneverexperiencedanythinglikeitbeＧ fore,”shesays．“Itgottothepointwherewe werecomingevery weekand,then,when we wereherethatlastnightthefirstsummer．Ifelt likeweweregoingtolosesomefriendsforsix months．” It􀆳sestimatedthattherearenowafewdozen farmsinWisconsin,MipnesoraandIowaoffering pizzanights．Lotsoffamilyfarmershavegiven upthefarmsincepizzanightoffersawaytoinＧ creasetheiroddsofsurvivalwhileofferinganew socialspacefortheircustomers． ４．Whichofthefolowingcanbestdescribethe USsmalfarmers? A．Farmingisnotveryprofitable． B．Organicproduceisveryprofitable． C．Thecostsofproductionaredecreasing． D．Therearemanyeasierwaystomakemoney． ５．Accordingtothetext,thefarmＧtoＧtablestrateＧ gy　　　　． A．wilhelppopularizeorganicfarming B．hasalreadyreplacedtheCSAprogram C．cangivefarmersmoresayontheprices D．isfacingfierceresistancefrommiddlemen ６．WhatdoesSarahLakewoodlikeaboutthepizza night? A．Thecheapfood． B．Theforeigningredients． C．Theweeklyparties． D．Thefriendlyatmosphere． ７．Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistext appear? A．Technology．　　　B．Agriculture． C．Culture． D．Advertisement． [语篇解读]　本文为一篇说明文.文章主要讨论 了美国小农场主面临的挑战以及一种新的“农场 到餐桌”的 策 略 如 何 帮 助 他 们 增 加 收 入 和 社 交 空间. ４．A　[细节理解题.根据文章第一段“Acrossthe US,smal farmershavebeenstrugglingfor yearstocovertheircostsofproduction．”可知, 美国小农场主一直都在尽力支付其生产成本, 故其农业不是很赚钱,故选 A.] ５．C　[推理判断题.根据文章第三段中“Althe ingredients (食 材 ),exceptthecheese,are grownonthefarm．Thecheeseismadeata neighboringfamilyfarm．Eventhesausagesare frompigsraisedatStoneyAcres．”和 第 五 段 “‘OurCSAprogram,whichhasbeenourbackＧ boneandusedtobeabout８５％ofourincome, isnowalittlebitmorethan５０％ ofourinＧ come,’Beckersays．‘Inthesegrowingdirect markets,wecanhave morecontroloverthe pricing．’”可推知,“农场到餐桌”的策略减少了 农民对CSA 项目的依赖,使得农民对价格有了 更多的控制权,故选C.] ６．D　[推理判断题.根据文章倒数第二段“‘Ihad neverexperiencedanythinglikeitbefore,’she says．‘Itgottothepoint where we were comingeveryweekand,then,whenwewere herethatlastnightthefirstsummer．Ifeltlike we weregoingtolosesomefriendsforsix months．’(她说道:‘我以前从来没有经历过这 样的事 情.这 已 经 到 了 我 们 每 周 都 要 来 的 地 步,然后,当我们第一个夏天来的最后一个晚上 的时候,我感觉我会失去一些朋友六个月.’)” 可推知,SarahLakewood喜欢的是大家在一起 度过的时间,在一起的这种友好的氛围,分开后 就感觉会失去这些朋友,故选 D.] ７．B　[推理判断题.根据文章第一段“Acrossthe US,smal farmershavebeenstrugglingfor yearstocovertheircostsofproduction．(在美 国,小 农 场 主 多 年 来 一 直 在 努 力 支 付 生 产 成 本.)”以及后文的介绍可知,本文主要讨论了美 国小农场主面临的挑战以及一种新的“农场到 餐桌”的策略如何帮助他们增加收入和社交空 间,故这篇文章最可能出现在报纸的农业专栏 里,故选B.] C “Afishoutofwater．”“A bikewithouta chain．”Therearemanymetaphorsforcultureshock, alofwhichattempttodescribetheuniqueexperiＧ enceofbeingfarfrom one􀆳shomecountryand culture． 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀅰４６４􀅰 高考总复习　英语(H) Scientistshavestudiedcultureshockforover acentury．Ratherthanfocusonthepurelynegative aspects,psychologistsdescribeitasaprocessof stressandadjustment．ThefirststageisthehonＧ eymoonphase,when wearefiled withexciteＧ mentaboutbeinginanothercountry．Eventualy, asdailychalengesarise,weenterastateofcrisis andanxiety,harboringunfriendlyfeelingsabout thehostculture．Thelongerweareimmersedin theculture,weadjustandrecoverfrom those negativefeelings．Finaly,aftersometimeweadＧ justevenmoreandfulyacceptthenewculture． Oneofthefactorsthatdetermineshow we reacttoculturalstressisourpersonality．Not surprisingly,extraverts(外向者)tendtohavean easiertimeadjustingtonewcultures．ThatisbeＧ causebeinginanewcountrymeansmeetingmany newpeopleandspendingalotoftimearound them,andextravertsthriveinthesesituations． Butintrovertssimplypreferto bealoneafter spendingtimeingroups,andonlyhavelimited energytospendinsocialsettings． Culturalinteligence,orCQ,alsoplaysits part．CulturalinteligenceisdefinedasthecapaＧ bilityofanindividualtofunctioneffectivelyin situationscharacterizedbyculturaldiversity．It hastodo withourinterestininteracting with peoplefromculturalydiversebackgrounds,and ourabilitytoadapttonewculturalcontext．Itis arguedthatthehigherourCQ,thelesserthe effectofcultureshockonourabilitytocopein newsituations． ManyeffectivecopingstrategiesareinterperＧ sonal．ArecentstudyfoundthatrelatingtoothＧ erswithempathyissignificantlyassociatedwith lowerstresslevelsabroad．Themoreweareable totakeonotherpeople􀆳spointsofview,themore positiveourinterpersonalrelationshipsandthus ouradaptationtothestressofcultureshock． ８．Whatisthefunctionofthefirstparagraph? A．Explainingthequotes． B．Raisinganargument． C．Introducingthetopic． D．Presentinganexample． ９．Howwilapersonfeelthemomenthearrives inaforeigncountry? A．Anxious．　　　B．Thriled． C．Shocked． D．Grateful． １０．Whowil mostprobablybeaffectedbythe culturalshock? A．Anactiveboyinterestedinanythingnew． B．Ashyboyunwilingtosocializewithstrangers． C．AquietgirlopentodiverseculturalbackＧ grounds． D．Acommunicativegirlfluentinthelocal language． １１．WhatisimportantfordealingwiththeculturＧ alshock? A．Loweringthestresslevel． B．DevelopingselfＧawareness． C．Analyzingthecauseofdiscomfort． D．Understandingotherswithsympathy． [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文.文章介绍了文 化冲突的含义、遭受文化冲突的原因和应对文化 冲突的方法. ８．C　[推理判断题.根据文章第一段“‘Afish outofwater．’‘Abikewithoutachain．’There aremanymetaphorsforcultureshock,al of whichattempttodescribetheuniqueexperiＧ enceofbeingfarfromone􀆳shomecountryand culture．”以 及 第 二 段 “Scientistshavestudied cultureshockforoveracentury．Ratherthan focusonthepurelynegativeaspects,psycholoＧ gistsdescribeitasaprocessofstressandadＧ justment．”可推知,第一段用两个习语引入“文 化冲突”这一主题.故选C.] ９．B　[细节理解题.根据第二段“Thefirststage isthehoneymoonphase,when wearefiled withexcitementaboutbeinginanothercounＧ try．(第一个阶段是蜜月期,我们对来到另一个 国家充满了兴奋.)”可知,人们刚到国外时的感 觉是兴奋的.故选B.] １０．B　[推理判断题.根据文章第三段“NotsurＧ prisingly,extraverts(外向者)tendtohavean easiertimeadjustingtonewcultures．(毫不奇 怪,外向 的 人 往 往 更 容 易 适 应 新 文 化.)”以 及 “Butintrovertssimplyprefertobealoneafter spendingtimeingroups,andonlyhavelimited energytospendinsocialsettings．”可推知,内 向的人更容易受文化冲击.故选B.] １１．D　[细节理解题.根据第五段“ArecentstudＧ yfoundthatrelatingtootherswithempathyis significantlyassociatedwithlowerstresslevels abroad．(最近的一项研究发现,用同理心与他 人交往,在 国 外 的 压 力 水 平 会 显 著 降 低.)”可 知,带着同理心理解他人是应对文化冲突的有 效方法.故选 D.] 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀅰５６４􀅰 第二部分　人与社会 D Almosteveryhumancultureonearthhasits ownmusic．TheoldestdiscoveredmusicalinstruＧ mentsdatebackover４０,０００yearstotheStone Age．Butscientistsbelievethatmusicitselfcould bemucholderthanthat,originatingalongside language．WhydidmusicbecomesocloselyrelatＧ edtothehumanexperience?Ithinkitgaveour ancestorssignificantsurvivaladvantages． Inprehistorictimes,musicstrengthenedthe bondbetweencommunitymembers．Singingand drummingtogetherreleasedchemicalslikeoxytoＧ cin,dopamineandendorphinsinthebrain,which ledtopositiveemotionsthatalowedgroupsto cooperatebetterinhunting,childＧcaringandproＧ tection against outsidethreats．Singing while workingmadelaborlessboringandtiring．Our brainsseemwiredatbirthtolinkmusicwithposＧ itiveemotionsandtogethernessandmothersmay havesungtolittlebabiesasanearlyformofemoＧ tionalcommunication． Musicalsoenhanceddefenses．GuardsbeatＧ ingdrumsandmakingnoiseduringthenightsigＧ naledthattheywerereadytocountersurpriseenＧ emyattacks．YoungnightwatchmensangtoindiＧ catetheywereawakeandvigilant．Soldiersused instrumentstosendwarningcalsacrosslonger distances． Inaltheseways,musicenhancedsurvival oddsoverhumanevolution (进化)．Groupsthat couldmakemusictogether－whetherasimpledrumＧ beatorabeautifulsong－weremorecommunicaＧ tive,cooperativeanddefensive．Naturalselection thenpassedonthecapacityformusictothenext generations． Supportingthis,scientistshavediscovered specificregionsofthebraindevotedto musical processing．BabieshavetheabilitytodetectmuＧ sicalpatternsandtones．EvenpatientswithseＧ veredementia (痴 呆)respondemotionalyand physicalytotheirfavoritechildhoodsongswhen nothingelsecancauseareaction． Sonexttimeyoufindyourselfsingingalong toacatchytune,rememberthatmusicispartof whatmakesusuniquelyhuman．OurStoneAge ancestorssanganddrummedbecauseitenhanced theirsurvival．Weengagewithmusicnowsimply becauseweareborntodoso． １２．Whatisanadvantageofmusicaccordingto thetext? A．Itcouldkeepsoldiersawake． B．Itcouldhelpbabiesspeakearlier． C．Itcouldenhanceproductivity． D．Itcouldcurecertainrarediseases． １３．Whichbestexplainstheword “vigilant”unＧ derlinedinParagraph３? A．Tired．　　　　　B．Hungry． C．Strong． D．Watchful． １４．WhatdoestheauthorintendtodoinParaＧ graph５? A．Summarizethepreviousparagraph． B．Addsomebackgroundinformation． C．Introduceanewtopicfordiscussion． D．Providesomeadviceforthereaders． １５．Whichofthefolowingcanbethebesttitle forthetext? A．MyViewAbouttheImportanceofMusic B．EveryHumanCultureHasitsUniqueMusic C．TheOldestMusicalInstrument WasUnＧ earthed D．MusicMayComeIntoExistenceBeforeLanＧ guage [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文.文章主要讲述 的是音乐在人类社会发展中所起到的重要作用. １２．C　[细节理解题.根据第二段的句子“Singing anddrummingtogetherreleasedchemicalslike oxytocin,dopamineand endorphinsinthe brain,whichledtopositiveemotionsthatalＧ lowedgroupstocooperatebetterinhunting, childＧcaring and protection against outside threats．Singing while working madelabor lessboringandtiring．(一起唱歌和打鼓会在 大脑中释放催产素、多巴胺和内啡肽等化学物 质,从而产生积极的情绪,使团队在狩猎、照顾 孩子和 抵 御 外 部 威 胁 方 面 能 够 更 好 地 合 作. 边工作边唱歌可以减少劳动的无聊和疲劳.)” 可知,音乐可以提高生产力.故选C项.] １３．D　[词 句 猜 测 题.根 据 划 线 单 词 前 的 部 分 “Youngnightwatchmensangtoindicatethey wereawake(年 轻 的 守 夜 人 唱 歌 表 明 他 们 醒 着)”可知,守夜人肯定需要保持清醒和警惕, 所以,划线单词vigilant与 watchful“警惕的” 意义一致.故选 D项.] １４．B　[推理判断题.第五段开头的this指的是 上一段最后一句提到的“Naturalselectionthen passedonthecapacityformusictothenext generations．(自然选择将音乐的能力传给了下 一代.)”,而 第 五 段 提 到 的 这 些 例 子 “Babies havetheabilitytodetectmusical．．．elsecan causeareaction．(婴儿有识别音乐模式和音调 的能力.即使是患有严重痴呆症的患者,在没 有其他任何东西能引起反应的情况下,也会对 他们最喜欢的童年歌曲做出情感和身体上的 反应.)”正是为了说明人类的音乐能力是遗传 下来的,所以,第五段的作用是提供信息证明 上一段提出的观点:自然选择将音乐的能力传 给了下一代.故选B项.] 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀅰６６４􀅰 高考总复习　英语(H) １５．A　[主旨大意题.通读全文可知,本文主要讲 述的是音乐在人类社会发展中所起到的重要 作用.所以用 A 项“MyView AbouttheImＧ portanceofMusic(我对音乐重要性的看法)” 作为本 文 的 题 目,与 文 章 主 题 相 符 合.故 选 A 项.] Ⅱ．阅读七选五 　　(２０２４􀅰山东济南市高三模拟)Itseemsabit strangetoimagineancientEgyptianscelebrating theirbirthdays withlayeredcakestopped with lightedcandles．　１　 Thefirstbirthdaycakes were nothing of whatthey aretoday and weren􀆳teven caled birthdaycakes．　２　Atthattimeonlytheycould affordtocelebratewithsomethingsweet．Thatis howcakebecameassociated withspecialoccaＧ sions． AncientEgyptiansarecreditedwith“inventing”the birthdaycelebration．AndancientGreeksborrowedthe traditionbutrightfulyrealizedthata dessert wouldmakethecelebrationalthemoremeaningＧ ful．SotheybakedmoonＧshapedcakestoofferup tothemoon．　３　 Itwasn􀆳tjusttheancientEgyptiansandGreeks whocelebratedwithsweetcakes．　４　Andit􀆳sbeＧ lievedthattheoriginalbirthdaycakecamefrom them．Ratherthanjustcelebrating birthdays, though,ancientRomewasknownforcelebrating al things with acakeincluding wedding,but therewasanexception—thebirthdayscelebrated wereonlyformen whowerecitizens,andthey hadtobefamous． Modernbirthdaypartiesaresaidtogettheir rootsfromthe１８thＧcenturyGermancelebration． Onthemorningofachild􀆳sbirthday,heorshe wouldreceiveacake withlightedcandlesthat addeduptothechild􀆳sageplusone．　５　The birthdaychildwouldmakeawish,trytoblowout althecandlesinonebreath,anddigin． A．AncientRomansalsohadtheirtraditions． B．Rather,theyweresymbolicofthenobleclass． C．AncientGreeksmadethefirstbirthdaycakes． D．Onbirthday,childrenwouldeatcakesmadeby theirmums． E．Theyalsodecoratedthecakestomakethem shinelikethemoon． F．Thisextracandlewascaledthelightofhope foranothernewyear． G．However,they􀆳retheoneswhofirstcameup withtheideatodoso． [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文.文章主要介绍 了蛋糕的起源以及它的发展史. １．G　[根据上文“ItseemsabitstrangetoimagＧ ineancientEgyptianscelebratingtheirbirthＧ days withlayeredcakestopped withlighted candles．”说明 这 是 古 埃 及 人 的 一 种 怪 异 的 想 法,结合选项 G 项“However,they􀆳retheones whofirstcameupwiththeideatodoso．(然 而,他们是最先提出这个想法的人.)”上下文紧 密连接,和上文意思一致,其中they指代的就是 ancientEgyptians.] ２．B　[根据上文“Thefirstbirthdaycakeswere nothingofwhattheyaretodayand weren􀆳t evencaledbirthdaycakes．”说明过去的生日蛋 糕与今天的生日蛋糕完全不同.下文“Atthat timeonlytheycouldaffordtocelebratewith somethingsweet．ThatishowcakebecameasＧ sociatedwithspecialoccasions．”说明蛋糕的特 殊性.故可推断空格处内容为过去的蛋糕和现 在的蛋糕不同的原因.结合选项 B项“Rather, theyweresymbolicofthenobleclass．(相反,它 们是贵族阶级的象征.)”解释不同的原因,上下 文语意连贯.] ３．E　 [根 据 上 文 “Sotheybaked moonＧshaped cakestoofferuptothemoon．”说明对蛋糕的 设计和用意.结合选项E项“TheyalsodecoraＧ tedthecakesto makethem shinelikethe moon．(他们还装饰蛋糕,使它们像月亮一样发 光.)”说明对蛋糕的装饰,上下文意思一致,是 对上文的语意的递进,上下文语意连贯.] ４．A　[根据上文“Itwasn􀆳tjusttheancientEgypＧ tiansand Greeks whocelebrated withsweet cakes．”;下文“Andit􀆳sbelievedthattheorigiＧ nalbirthdaycakecamefromthem．”可推断空格 处内容为还有其他国家或者地方有这样的传统 习俗.结 合 选 项 A 项 “AncientRomansalso hadtheirtraditions．(古 罗 马 人 也 有 自 己 的 传 统.)”符合此推断,上下文语意连贯.] ５．F　 [根 据 上 文 “Onthemorningofachild􀆳s birthday,heorshewouldreceiveacakewith lightedcandlesthataddeduptothechild􀆳sage plusone．”说 明 点 燃 蜡 烛 的 寓 意.下 文 “The birthdaychildwouldmakeawish,trytoblow outalthecandlesinonebreath,anddigin．” 也是说明蜡烛的用意.故可推断空格处内容与 蜡烛有 关.结 合 选 项 F 项 “Thisextracandle wascaledthelightofhopeforanothernew year．(这支额外的蜡烛被称为新的一岁的希望 之光.)”符合此推断,说明蜡烛的寓意,和上下 文内容一致,上下文语意连贯.] 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀅰７６４􀅰 第二部分　人与社会