内容正文:
词块背诵 佳句赏析
1.makeanincrediblediscovery 做出惊人发现
2.besurroundedbymystery 被神秘感围绕
3.thesecomplexstructures 这些复杂结构
4.representativesteppyramid(s)
有代表性的阶梯金字塔
5.sb.sunderstandingofmathematicsandasG
tronomy 人们对数学和天文学的理解
6.interpretsth.completely 彻底解读
7.moreincredibleandmysterious
更令人难以置信和神秘
8.liveinsmalsettlements 住在小的定居点
1.Artificialinteligencemakestheworldabetterplace
byfreeingpeopleupformorecreativetasks.
人工智能通过解放人们使他们可以从事更具有创造性
的工作,从而使世界变得更美好.
2.Technologyisthefoundationofourdailylifeandbut
forit,themoderncivilizationwouldnthavebeenbuilt
up.
科技是我们日常生活的基础,没有科技,就没有现代
文明.
3.ItissaidthatthearchaeologicalworkisofgreatsigG
nificanceandhasattractedwideattention.
据说这次考古工作意义重大,引起了广泛关注.
学生用书 P306
[Part1 巧记课标单词]
写
作
单
词
|
悉
其
识
1.intriguev. 引起的好奇心
2.buryv. 将埋在下面
3.pyramidn. 金字塔
4.tropicaladj. 来自热带的
5.downfaln. 衰败
6.ruinn. 废墟,残垣断壁
7.abandonv. 离弃,逃离
8.dismissv. 拒绝考虑,否定
9.getawayn. 逃跑,逃走
10.retreatv. 后退;离开
11.subduev. 克制,抑制(情绪)
12.delvev. 探索,探究
13.shrinkv. 退缩,畏缩
14.upwardsadv. 向上,朝上
15.equivalentadj. 等同的;等值的
16.furthermoreadv. 此外;而且;不仅如此
17.substancen. 物质
18.voln. (书的)卷,册
拓
展
单
词
|
通
其
用
1.civilisationn.文明→civilisev.教化,使有教养
2.astronomyn.天文学 →astronomern.天文学家
3.expandvi.膨胀→expansionn.扩大,增加
4.investigatev.调查→investigationn.调查
5.archaeologyn.考古学→archaeologicaladj.考古学的
6.notableadj.显要的→notabilityn.显著,值得注意
7.drilvi.&vt.钻(孔)→drilingn.钻探
阅
读
单
词
|
明
其
义
1.canaln. 运河
2.cyclonen. 气旋;旋风
3.megadroughtn. 超级干旱
4.unchartedadj. 地图上没有标明的
5.shipwreckn. 失事的船;沉船
6.coraln. 珊瑚
7.milimetren. 毫米
8.barreleyen. 管眼鱼
9.trenchn. 海沟
10.stackv. (使)整齐地堆起;摞起
11.vesseln. 舰船
743
[Part2 闪记核心短语]
1.falintoruin (因无人照料而)衰落;败落
2.makeagetaway 逃跑,逃走
3.runforoneslife 逃命
4.checkout 调查,检查
5.steerclearof 避开;从处脱身
6.testthewaters 试水,试探
7.setout 动身踏上(漫长的)旅途
8.thinktwice 再三考虑,慎重考虑
9.shrinkfrom 避免做,不愿做
10.lookinto 调查(问题)
[Part3 速记经典句式]
典型句式 教材原句
1.what引导的主语从句
Whatismostextraordinaryaboutthesecomplexstructures(这些复杂结构
最不同寻常之处)ishowtheywerebuiltwithouttheuseofwheels,metal
toolsorevenanimalpower.
2.if型省略结构
Today,some500yearsaftertheEsmeraldasetsail,thereislittle—ifany
(如果有的话)—landonourplanetleftunexplored.
3.It+be+过去分词+that
Itsarguedthat(人们认为)the30thparalelnorthisalineofgreatnatural
energy,withfrequentearthquakesandvolcaniceruptions.
[Part4 积累联想拓展]
由canal带你去畅游 fal构成的短语一览
①straitn. 海峡
②reservoirn. 水库
③pooln. 池塘
④oceann. 海洋
⑤streamn. 小溪
⑥channeln. 海峡
①falil/asleep/silent 生病/睡着/沉默
②falbehind 落后;落伍
③faldown 倒下;病倒;失败
④faloff 掉下;衰退
⑤falintoruin 衰落,败落
学生用书 P307
[核心词汇———逐点清]
1.ruinn.[U]毁灭;毁坏;崩溃;废墟;遗迹vt.毁灭;
使破产;成为废墟
▶ [教材对接]
(1)ItsonceGgreatcitiesfelintoruin,leavingvariG
ousmysteriesforlaterpeopletosolve.
曾经雄伟的城市沦为废墟,留下各种谜团等待后人
解开.
①lie/beinruins 成为废墟
bereducedtoruins 沦为废墟
②ruinoneself 毁掉自己;自取灭亡
ruinoneshealth/fame/future
毁坏某人的健康/声誉/前途
[基础练通] 单句语法填空
(2)(全国Ⅰ卷)DoesKilimanjarodeserveitsrepuG
tationasacrowdedmountainwithlinesoftourists
ruining(ruin)theatmosphereofpeace?
(3)Withtimegoingon,thecastlewhichoncewas
verybeautifulisnowcompletelyinruins.
(4)ShortlyaftersufferingfromamassiveearthG
quakeandbeingreduced(reduce)toruins,thecity
tookonanewlook.
(5)(全国Ⅱ卷)Whohasntreceivedanemailsoannoying
thatitruined(ruin)anentireday?
[能力提升] 一句多译
他犯了个错误,这让他失去了出国的机会.
(6)Hemadeamistake,whichruinedhischanceof
goingabroad.(定语从句)
843
高考总复习 英语(外研版)
(7)Hemadeamistake,ruininghischanceofgoing
abroad.(分词作状语)
2.abandonvt.遗弃;抛弃;放弃;中止;使放纵;使听
任n.放任;放纵
▶ [教材对接]
(1)Butthegreatestmysteryofaliswhatcaused
theMayatoabandonmostoftheirgreatcities.
但其中最大的谜团是为何玛雅人拋弃了绝大部分
的大城市.
①abandononeselfto... 沉 湎 于 ;纵 情
于
abandondoingsth. 放弃做某事
②abandonedadj. 被遗弃的;放纵的
beabandonedto 沉湎于
[基础练通] 单句语法填空
(2)Withoutworryingaboutanything,sheabanG
donedherselftoalifeofpleasure.
(3)(2022全国乙卷)TheoneinthenewenvironG
mentshouldbesympathetictothefactthatyour
friendmayfeelabandoned(abandon).
(4)Heisabandonedtoreading(read)alkindsof
booksinhissparetime.
(5)Scienceisdynamic:newmethodsgetinvented;
oldonesgetabandoned(abandon);andsometimes,
scientists can be found doing many different
things.
[能力提升] 完成句子
(6)ShefeltshewasneededanddecidedtoabanG
donherplanofstudyingabroad.
她感觉自己被需要,决定放弃出国留学的计划.
3.dismissvt.不予考虑,消除;免职,解雇,开除;
解散
▶ [教材对接]
(1)Althoughhistheoryhasbeendismissedby
scholars,itshowshow powerfulthesecretsof
AncientMayacivilisationareamongpeople.
尽管学者们对他的理论不予考虑,但是这表明古玛
雅文明的奥秘在人们心中是如此举足轻重.
dismisssb.for... 因解雇某人
dismisssb.fromsb.spost/position
免去某人的职务
[基础练通] 写出下列句子中dismiss的含义
(2)TodayourteacherdismissedtheclasstenmiG
nutesearly. 下课
(3)Weshouldntdismissthesuggestionwithout
thinkingaboutit. 不予考虑
(4)Theworkerwasdismissedfromthefactoryfor
beinglazy. 解雇,开除
[能力提升] 单句写作
(5)Theydismissedhimforhisbeingdishonest.
他们因他不诚信而解雇了他.
4.buryv.将埋在下面
▶ [教材对接]
(1)Basedonthis,hebelievedhehadspottedan
unknownMayacityburieddeepinthejungle.
基于这点,他相信自己发现了一座隐藏在丛林深处
的不为人知的玛雅城.
buryoneshead/faceinhands 双手抱头/掩面
beburiedin=buryoneselfin 专心于
beburiedinthought 沉思
[基础练通] 单句语法填空
(2)Mailboxesmightbeburied(bury)inthesnow,
orbroken,orlyingontheground,butthemail
wasalwaysdelivered.
(3)Im burying myself(I)inbooksthesedays
sincethefinalsarecoming.
[能力提升] 完成句子
(4)Tomburiedhisfaceinthepilow.TrytoreG
flectonhisworktoday.
汤姆把脸埋在枕头里.试着反省他今天的工作.
5.correspondto符合于;相当于
▶ [教材对接]
(1)Throughcomparison,hefoundthatthelocaG
tionsofthe117knownMayacitiescorrespondto
thepositionsofthestars.
通过比较,他发现已知的117个玛雅城市的位置与
恒星的位置一致.
①correspondwith
与通信;和相一致/相符合
correspondto 类似于;相当于
②correspondencen. 通信;相关;信件
incorrespondencewith 与有通信联系
[基础练通] 单句语法填空
(2)Thewrittenrecordofhisconversationdidnt
correspondto/withwhatwasactualysaid.
(3)Researchhasshownthatimmersion(沉浸)in
nature,andthecorresponding(correspond)disG
connectionfrom multimediaandtechnology,inG
creasedperformanceonacreativeproblemGsolving
taskbyaful50percentinagroupofhikers.
943
基础必备 选择性必修第四册
(4)Shestoppedcorrespondingwithhimafterthe
deathofhermother.
[能力提升] 完成句子
(5)Hehadbeenincorrespondencewithherfor
severalyearsbeforetheyfinalymet.
他和她通信了多年,最后终于见面了.
6.checkout调查,检查;结账离开;借出
▶ [教材对接]
(1)Sowhileyoumaybetemptedtocheckoutastrange
objectortotestthewatersofanewsituation,itcanbe
safertosteerclearoftheunfamiliar.
因此,当你可能忍不住想要看一个陌生的东西或摸
清新环境的情况时,避开不熟悉的东西可能会更
安全.
checkin 登记,报到
[基础练通] 写出下列句子中checkout的含义
(2)(2024新课标Ⅱ卷)WhynottryaregionalalG
ternativeorcheckoutapopulardestinationslessG
erGknownsights? 查看
(3)Thecouplecheckedoutat10:00a.m.andhurG
riedtotheairport,leavingasuitcaseinthehotel
room. 结账离开
(4)Doyouknowwhetherthereferencebookscan
becheckedout? 借出
[能力提升] 完成句子
(5)Guestsmustcheckoutbeforenoon,orthey
wilbechargedfortheday.
旅客必须于中午前退房,否则将收取全日费用.
7.investigationn.调查
▶ [教材对接]
(1)TalkabouttheinvestigationsintoanothersciG
entificmysteryusingthewordsandexpressionsin
thissection.
用本节中的单词和短语谈论对另一个科学谜团的
调查.
①underinvestigation 正在调查中
conductaninvestigation 进行调查
②investigatev. 查明,调查
investigateanincident 调查事件
[基础练通] 单句语法填空
(2)Pleasetakeyourtime.Thewholeissueisstil
underinvestigation(investigate).
(3)Thestudyinvestigates(investigate)theimpact
ofviolentTVprogrammingonchildren.
(4)Shesalsoinvestigating(investigate)thebioG
chemicalcharacteristicsthatalowcertaincoralsto
surviveinextremeenvironments.
[能力提升] 完成句子
(5)Scientistsareconductinganinvestigationinto
thecausesoftheaccident.
科学家们就事故的原因正展开调查.
[间考词汇———要知晓]
1.expansionn.扩大;增加;膨胀
用expansion的适当形式填空
(1)Sixyearsafteritslaunch,CuddleBuddiesconG
tinuestoexpand.
(2)Theseexpansions(expand)intonew worlds
helpusbygivingusnewperspectives.
(3)Inordertoimproveourlifequality,wemust
haveanexpandingeconomy.
2.notableadj.值得注意的;显著的;显要的
单句语法填空
(1)Itshouldbenoted(note)thatdissertations
submittedlatewilnotbeaccepted.
(2)Itisworthnoting(note)thatthemostsuccessG
fulcompanieshadthelowestprices.
(3)Theoolong,greenteaandblackteaaremost
notablefortheirhighqualities.
(4)Everyyear manynotable(note)prizesare
awardedtothecreativemindsbehindthebooks
weenjoy.
3.throwoneselfinto积极投入到中去
单句语法填空
(1)Finaly,QuYuanthrewhimself(he)intothe
MiluoRiverindespaironthefifthdayofthefifth
Lunarmonth.
(2)Farmerslosemoneywhentheyhavetothrow
awayproducethattheycantselquickly.
(3)Alcoholicsgetspecialtreatmentmakingthem
throwupeverytimetheydrinkalcohol.
4.lookinto调查
选词填空
lookinto,lookthrough,lookupto,lookdown
upon,lookbackat
(1)Lookingbackatthepast,IregrettedIhad
wastedsomuchwonderfultime.
(2)Nobodywillookuptoyouifyoulookdown
uponyourself.
053
高考总复习 英语(外研版)
(3)ShelookedthroughhernotesbeforetheexamG
ination.
(4)—ThecomputerIreceivedisnotthesameasis
shownonline.
—Howcome? ButIpromiseyouwellookintoit
rightaway.
Today,some500yearsaftertheEsmeraldasetsail,
thereislittle—ifany—landonourplanetleftunexG
plored.
如今,距离“埃斯梅拉达”号起航已有差不多500年,
我们星球上尚未被人类探索的土地———如果有的
话———已经少之又少了.
本句中ifany是if型省略结构.
其结构如下:
①在if引导的条件状语从句中,如果从句的主语
和主句的主语一致,同时从句谓语含有be动词,
则可省略该从句的主语和be动词,这时if从句
有以下两种常见结构:
if+现在分词(主语和从句中的谓语动词是逻
辑上的主谓关系)
if+过去分词(主语和从句中的谓语动词是逻
辑上的动宾关系)
ì
î
í
ï
ïï
ï
ï
②在if引导的条件状语从句中,有时可以省略从
句的主谓语itis/was;有时可省略从句 中 的
therebe或省略从句中与主句相同的部分,在这
类省略结构中有的已构成固定结构,这类结构常
见的有:
续表
if+so/not:ifso如果这样;ifnot不然
if+形容词:ifnecessary如果有必要;ifpossiG
ble如果有可能
if+代词:ifany如果有的话;即使有也不
(主句为否定意义)
ifever:如果曾经;即使也不(与表示否定
意义的词语连用)
ì
î
í
ï
ï
ï
ï
ï
ï
ï
ï
ï
ï
[基础练通] 单句语法填空
(1)You mustattendthelectureontimeifinG
formed(inform)ofit.
(2)Youwilfindyourselfupsetbytrafficjamsif
living(live)inthecenterofthecity,especialy
duringtherushhour.
(3)Hasitbeenawhilesinceyourlastvisittoa
publiclibrary? Ifso,you maybesurprisedto
learnthatlibrarieshavechangedforthebetter.
(4)Ifthestepsyoutakeareworking,keepitup.
Ifnot,takeanotherlookatothermethodsyou
couldtry.
[能力提升] 句型转换
(5)Ifitisnecessary,youcanturntomeforhelp
atanytime.
→Ifnecessary,youcanturntomeforhelpatany
time.(省略结构)
(6)Themedicineisquiteeffectiveifitistakenon
time.
→Themedicineisquiteeffectiveiftakenontime.
学生用书 P310
[全练透]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.Aftercarefulconsideration,itwasagreedtoabanG
don(放弃)theproject.
2.Bythetimethesoldiersarrived,theyhadbeen
buried(埋)intheruinsfornearlyaweek.
3.Inthespringtheypuledthehousedown,for,as
peoplesaid,itwasaruin(废墟).
4.Furthermore(此外),mysightseeingschedulewas
unaffectedbyhotelcheckGinandcheckGouttimes.
5.Aswecansee,itwouldbevitaltotheprogressof
humancivilisation(文明).
6.Theproposednewstructureisnotable(值得注意
的)notonlyforitsheight,butforitsshape.
7.Thesoldierswereorderedtoretreat(后退)tosaG
ferpositionsbehindthelines.
8.Thereisnodoubtthateightkilometresisroughly
equivalent(等同的)tofivemiles.
9.Inmyopinion,hewassoirresponsiblethatIdeG
cidedtodismiss(解雇)him.
10.Inordernottobeheard,shepointedherfinger
upwards(向上)tosignalthatsomeonewasmovG
ingaboutupstairs.
153
基础必备 选择性必修第四册
Ⅱ.语境填空
1.Scientistsin Louisiana weresoconcernedthat
theydecidedtopayhunters$5atail.
2.Given(give)thenumberofpeopleweinvited,Im
surprisedthatsofewcame.
3.Asamatteroffact,socialnetworksofferawinG
dowintohowpeoplelivetheirlives.
4.AsfarasIknow,theircompanyhasundergone
steadyexpansion(expand)recently.
5.Theancientcivilisations(civilise)ofCentraland
LatinAmericawerefoundeduponcorn.
6.IstronglyadvisethatyoushouldgrowthesetropG
ical(tropic)flowersinaglasshouse.
7.Hehad madeathoroughinvestigation(investiG
gate);nowonderheknewsomuchaboutit.
8.Basedonalargeamountofevidence,scientists
concludethatthesciencebehindthemysteryis
notcomplicated.
9.Ifinvited(invite)toameal,beespecialycareful
aboutyourtablemanners.
10.Withpiecesofmasonry(砖石)falingalaround
her,sheranforherlifehurriedly.
Ⅲ.选词填空
falintoruin,makeagetaway,runforoneslife,
checkout,steerclearof,thinktwice
1.Athiefstolehiswaletandmadeagetawayquickly.
2.Ihopeyoushouldthinktwicebeforeyouresign
yourpresentjob.
3.Theirveryshapehasmadethemlesslikelytofal
intoruin.
4.Dontsteerclear of us;nobodyis going to
hurtyou.
5.Ifthecatgetsclose,theratwilchooseeitherto
fightortorunforitslife.
6.Beforeyougetoutofthehotel,youmustcheckout.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.(全国Ⅲ卷)第二天早上,他租了一条船,出发去找
这位著名的画家.
Thenextmorninghehiredaboatandsetoutto
findthewelGknownpainter.
2.月球上有没有生命是一个有趣的问题.
Whetherthereislifeonthemoonisaninteresting
question.
3.躺在沙滩上的是来自俄罗斯的一家人.
LyingonthebeachisafamilyfromRussia.
4.据说,当你感觉孤单时,狗会一直陪伴你,你想要它
陪你多久它就陪你多久.
Itissaidthatdogswilkeepyoucompanyforas
longasyouwantwhenyouarefeelinglonely.
5.如有错误就请改正.
Correcttheerrors,ifany.
[重落实]
Ⅰ.单元巩固练
在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的
正确形式(黑体词为本单元重点词汇).
MayacivilisationhasbeensurroundedbymysG
terysinceitsrediscoveryinthe19thcentury.The
Mayabuilt1.impressive(impress)palacesandtemG
ples,includingtheirrepresentativesteppyramids.
TheMayahadanamazingunderstandingofmatheG
maticsandastronomyandappliedthisunderstanding
2.totheMayacalendar,whichwasaccuratetowithG
in30secondsperyear.
Thefact3.thatMayasocietywastechnologicalG
lyprimitivemakesitsachievementsmoreincredible
andmysterious.Butthegreatestmysteryofalis
whatcausedtheMaya4.toabandon(abandon)their
cities.By700AD,Mayacivilisationwasatitspeak.
Yet,withinjustacoupleofgenerations,it5.began
(begin)tomysteriouslydecline.
Why Mayacivilisationcolapsedremains6.a
mystery.Someresearchseemstoindicatethatthe
Mayapeople7.themselves(them)mayhaveplayeda
partintheirdownfal.Researchalsosuggeststhat
naturaldisastersmay8.haveled(lead)tothedecline
ofthe Maya.Somerecentstudieshavefoundthat
therewerefarfewertropicalcyclonesthanusualbeG
tween700ADand1,000AD.Thisislikelytohave
ledtoaseriesofdroughts,eachlastingforyears.
Manyscientistsbelievethatthesedroughtswerethe
mainreasonfortheMayascolapse.
Whateverthereasons,Mayacivilisation9.largely
(large)disappearedwithinthedeepjungle.ItsonceG
greatcitiesfelintoruin,10.leaving(leave)various
mysteriesforlaterpeopletosolve.
253
高考总复习 英语(外研版)
Ⅱ.话题微写作(通知)
假定你是某国际学校的学生会主席李华,你校即
将举办“未知的海底世界”云讲座.请你用英文写一
则通知,内容包括:
1.讲座的时间和参加方式;
2.讲座的内容;
3.欢迎同学们踊跃参加.
注意:1.写作词数应为80左右;
2.尽可能用本单元知识点.
[参考范文]
Notice
Ourschoolisgoingtoorganizeacloudlecture
onthe unknown mysteries underthe sea from
3:00p.m.to5:00p.m.on March19th.Those
whoareinterestedinitcaninstalthe WeMeeting
app.ThemeetingIDis988456275andthepassG
wordis3,214.
Thelecturewil begivenbyProfessor Wang
Hong,whowilleadyoutoexploretheunknown
mysteriesofthefascinatingplantsandanimalsinthe
deepsea.Professor Wangwil presentthelecture
withvividpicturesandvideos.
AlarewelcometoattendthelectureandinterG
actwiththeexpert.
TheStudentsUnion
Ⅲ.读后续写微技能(41)———增强表现力(一)
●[运用“主句+简短状语”结构]
为了使描写更有表现力,要学会在主句的基础上加
上简短状语.简短状语包括介词短语、分词、with
复合结构、状语从句省略、形容词和副词等.
●[佳句观摩]
1.我忍住眼泪,努力挤出笑容.
Holdingbackmytears,Itriedtosqueezeasmile.
2.沐浴在节日气氛中,他兴高采烈.
Bathedinafestivalatmosphere,he wasinhigh
spirits.
3.出于好奇,他走近去找一个银色气球.
Curiously,heapproachedtofindasilverbaloon.
4.带着惊讶和困惑,他勉强笑了笑.
Surprisedandconfused,hemanagedaforcedsmile.
●[好句仿写]
1.最后他来了,双手插在口袋里.
Atlasthecame,hishandsinhispockets.(独立主
格结构)
2.深受感动,他决定撒个善意的谎言.
Toucheddeeply,hedecidedtotelawhitelie.(分
词作状语)
3.回来的时候,他还抱着胳膊,脸上带着一点生气.
Whencomingback,hestilfoldedhisarmswitha
littleangeronhisface.(省略句,with复合结构)
学生用书 P312
[培优1] 单元知识链高考
一、熟词生义
1.Therewasacertainamountofroughjusticeinhis
downfal. n.垮台
2.HumanactivitiesmayberuiningtheglobalenviG
ronmentonwhichourlifedepends. v.毁灭
3.Agoodfriendwilneverabandonyouintimesof
trouble. v.离开
4.Irepeatedthequestion “Whydoyoupushyour
sonsohard?”andwaitedforhertoexpand,but
shejustroledhereyesatme.v.详述,详细阐明
二、一词多义———根据语境选出dril的含义
A.操练 B.钻孔 C.钻机 D.演习
1.Thesoldierswereatdrilinthebarracksquare.
A
2.Thestudentshadafiredrilontheplayground.
D
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基础必备 选择性必修第四册
[培优2] 高考语篇培素养———Topic:保护城市中的野生自然
◆真题文本 ◆真题再做
(2023新课标Ⅱ卷)Ascitiesbaloonwithgrowth,access
tonatureforpeoplelivinginurbanareasisbecomingharderto
find.Ifyourelucky,theremightbeapocketparknearwhere
youlive,butitsunusualtofindplacesinacitythatarerelativeG
lywild.
PastresearchhasfoundhealthandwelnessbenefitsofnaG
tureforhumans,butanewstudyshowsthatwildnessinurban
areasisextremelyimportantforhumanwelGbeing.
Theresearchteamfocusedonalargeurbanpark.TheysurG
veyedseveralhundredparkGgoers,askingthemtosubmitawritG
tensummaryonlineofameaningfulinteractiontheyhadwithnaG
tureinthepark.TheresearchersthenexaminedthesesubmisG
sions,coding(编码)experiencesintodifferentcategories.For
example,oneparticipantsexperienceof“Wesatandlistenedto
thewavesatthebeachforawhile”wasassignedthecategories
“sittingatbeach”and“listeningtowaves”.
Acrossthe320submissions,apatternofcategoriesthereG
searcherscala“naturelanguage”begantoemerge.Afterthe
codingofal submissions,halfadozencategorieswerenoted
mostoftenasimportanttovisitors.Theseincludeencountering
wildlife,walkingalongtheedgeofwater,andfolowinganesG
tablishedtrail.
Namingeachnatureexperiencecreatesausablelanguage,
whichhelpspeoplerecognizeandtakepartintheactivitiesthat
aremostsatisfyingandmeaningfultothem.Forexample,the
experienceofwalkingalongtheedgeofwatermightbesatisfying
forayoungprofessionalonaweekendhikeinthepark.Back
downtownduringaworkday,theycanenjoyamoredomestic
formofthisinteractionby walkingalongafountainontheir
lunchbreak.
“Weretryingtogeneratealanguagethathelpsbringthe
humanGnatureinteractionsbackintoourdailylives.Andforthat
tohappen,wealsoneedtoprotectnaturesothatwecaninteract
withit,”saidPeterKahn,aseniorauthorofthestudy.
1.Whatphenomenondoestheauthor
describeatthebeginningofthetext?
A.Pocketparksarenowpopular.
B.WildnatureishardtofindincitG
ies.
C.Manycitiesareoverpopulated.
D.PeopleenjoylivingclosetonaG
ture.
2.WhydidtheresearcherscodeparticiG
pantsubmissionsintocategories?
A.TocomparediferenttypesofparkGgoG
ers.
B.Toexplain whytheparkattracts
tourists.
C.Toanalyzethemainfeaturesofthe
park.
D.Tofindpatternsinthevisitors
summaries.
3.Whatcanwelearnfromtheexample
giveninParagraph5?
A.WalkingisthebestwaytogainacG
cesstonature.
B.Youngpeoplearetoobusytointeract
withnature.
C.Thesamenatureexperiencetakes
differentforms.
D.Thenaturelanguageenhanceswork
performance.
4.Whatshouldbedonebeforewecan
interact with nature according to
Kahn?
A.Languagestudy.
B.Environmentalconservation.
C.Publiceducation.
D.Interculturalcommunication.
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文.城市化的发展让
人们越来越难以接触到自然,但一项新研究发现城市
中的野生自然对人类健康和幸福感具有重要影响.
研究团队对一座大型城市公园的游客进行调查,发现
与野生自然的互动可以创造出一种可用的语言,可帮
助人们认识和参与最令人满意和有意义的活动.该
研究呼吁保护城市中的野生自然.
1.B [细节理解题.根据第一段内容“AscitiesbalG
loonwithgrowth,accesstonatureforpeoplelivG
inginurbanareasisbecominghardertofind.If
yourelucky,theremightbeapocketparknear
whereyoulive,butitsunusualtofindplacesina
citythatarerelativelywild.(随着城市的飞速发
展,生活在城市地区的人们越来越难以接近大自
然.如果你幸运的话,你住的地方附近可能会有一
个袖珍公园,但在城市里找到相对天然的地方是罕
见的.)”可知,文章开头作者讲述了一种现象,在城
市里,人们很难找到野生的自然.]
2.D [推理判断题.根据第三段的“Theysurveyed
severalhundredparkGgoers,askingthemtosubG
mitawrittensummaryonlineofameaningfulinG
teractiontheyhadwithnatureinthepark.ThereG
searchersthenexaminedthesesubmissions,coding(编
码)experiencesintodifferentcategories.(他们调
453
高考总复习 英语(外研版)
查了数百名公园游客,要求他们在网上提交一份书
面总结,描述他们在公园里与大自然有意义的互
动.然后,研究人员检查了这些提交的信息,将体
验分为不同的类别.)”可知,研究人员按照公园游
客提交的在公园里与大自然互动的活动把游客分
类,再根据第四段“Acrossthe320submissions,a
patternofcategoriestheresearcherscala‘nature
language’begantoemerge.Afterthecodingof
alsubmissions,halfadozencategorieswerenotG
edmostoftenasimportanttovisitors.(在这320
份提交的作品中,一种被研究人员称为‘自然语言’
的分类模式开始出现.在对所有提交的内容进行
编码后,有六个类别被认为对游客最重要.)”可知,
研究人员对参与者提交的内容进行了分类,以便在
游客的总结中找到模式并确定对游客最重要的自
然体验.通过这样做,他们能够创造一种“自然语
言”,帮助人们认识并参与对他们来说最满意和最
有意义的活动.选项 D准确地反映了这一目的.]
3.C [推理判断题.根据第五段内容“Namingeach
nature experience creates a usable language,
whichhelpspeoplerecognizeandtakepartinthe
activitiesthataremostsatisfyingandmeaningful
tothem.Forexample,theexperienceofwalking
alongtheedgeofwatermightbesatisfyingfora
youngprofessionalonaweekendhikeinthepark.
Backdowntownduringaworkday,theycanenjoya
moredomesticformofthisinteractionbywalking
alongafountainontheirlunchbreak.(命名每一种
自然体验创造了一种可用的语言,这有助于人们认
识并参与到对他们来说最满意和最有意义的活动
中.例如,沿着水边散步的经历可能会让一个年轻
的专业人士在周末去公园徒步旅行时感到满意.
在工作日回到市中心,他们可以在午休时沿着喷泉
散步,享受一种更居家的互动方式.)”可知,本段讲
述了自然体验创造了一种可用的语言,有助于人们
识别并参与到对自己来说最满意和最有意义的活动,
接下来以一个年轻的专业人士参与自然的方式举例
说明,去公园时沿着水边散步让他感到满意,回到市中
心工作时他可以通过沿着喷泉散步获得满足.因此
推知,从第五段的例子中我们可以知道一样的自然体
验可以以不同的形式呈现.]
4.B [推理判断题.根据最后一段“‘Weretrying
togeneratealanguagethathelpsbringthehuG
manGnatureinteractionsbackintoourdailylives.
Andforthattohappen,wealsoneedtoprotect
naturesothatwecaninteractwithit,’saidPeter
Kahn,aseniorauthorofthestudy.(‘我们正试图
创造一种语言,帮助将人类与自然的互动带回我们
的日常生活中.要做到这一点,我们还需要保护自
然,这样我们才能与它互动,’该研究的资深作者彼
得卡恩说.)”可推断,彼得卡恩认为在我们与
大自然互动之前我们应该先要保护自然.]
◆素材积累
(一)由文本积累主题词块
1.accesstonature 接近自然
2.liveinurbanareas 居住在城区
3.extremelyimportantforhumanwelbeing
对人类的幸福极其重要
4.focuson 集中在
5.listeningtowaves 听波浪声
6.apatternofcategories 类别模式
7.walkingalongtheedgeofwater 沿着水边走
8.humannatureinteractions 人和自然互动
(二)由文本积累阅读词汇
1.unusualadj. 不寻常的
2.relativelyadv. 相对地
3.wildnessn. 野蛮;荒芜
4.submitv. 使屈服;提交
5.summaryn. 摘要,概要
6.encounterv. 遇见;会战
7.domesticadj. 家庭的
8.interactionn. 互动
(三)由文本辨熟词生义(将词义对应的字母填到横线上)
1.wild
A.野外 B.荒芜的 C.狂热的 D.粗野的
①Thegirlswerewildaboutthefilmstar. C
②Heisafraidofhiswildlooks. D
③Fewerthanathousandgiantpandasstillivein
thewild. A
2.pattern
A.图案 B.典范 C.花样 D.模式
①ThiscompanysetapatternofwhatagoodcomG
panyshouldbe. B
②Thisclothhasapaternofblueandwhitesquares.
A
③Trainingandeducationfolowdifferentpatterns
indifferentregions. D
◆长句缩写
Namingeachnatureexperiencecreatesausable
language,whichhelpspeoplerecognizeandtake
partintheactivitiesthataremostsatisfyingand
meaningfultothem.
[句式剖析] 请将句中的“枝叶”(名词短语、介词
短语、非谓语动词短语、形容词、副词、连词、从句)
去掉,留下“主干”(主谓宾或主系表).
Namingeachnatureexperiencecreatesa(usable)
language,[whichhelpspeoplerecognizeandtake
partintheactivities(thataremostsatisfyingand
meaningfultothem)].
[长句缩写] NamingeachnatureexperiencecreG
atesalanguage.(不超过10个单词)
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基础必备 选择性必修第四册