内容正文:
词块背诵 佳句赏析
1.exchangegoodsandservices
交换货物和服务
2.tradefortoolsandclothing
用来交换工具和衣服
3.usesmalpiecesofbronzetotradethings
用小块青铜来交易物品
4.expressancientChinesepeoplesbelief
表达了中国古代人民的信仰
5.rundownherforehead
沿着她的额头流下
6.awayfromanytelevisionstudio
远离任何电视演播室
7.graduatefromuniversityoverseas
从海外大学毕业
8.returntoherhometown 回到她的家乡
1.Advancedeconomicsandmultinationalcorporationscould
helpdevelopingnationstoshareinthebenefitsofglobalG
ization.
先进的经济体制和跨国公司可以帮助发展中国家分享全球
化的好处.
2.Tosomeextent,thedevelopmentofeconomyhasnarG
rowedthetechnologyGgapbetweenthedevelopedcountries
andthedevelopingcountries.
在某种程度上,经济的发展缩小了发达国家和发展中国家
之间的技术差距.
3.Tourismboostsoureconomyandwegetachancetospread
ourculturetodifferentcountries.
旅游业促进了我们的经济发展,我们也有机会传播我们的
文化到不同的国家.
学生用书 P299
[Part1 巧记课标单词]
写
作
单
词
|
悉
其
识
1.foreheadn. 额,前额
2.blankadj. 无表情的,木然的
3.dizzyadj. 头晕目眩的
4.sunrisen. 日出;黎明
5.potentialn. (事物的)潜力
6.enterprisingadj. 有创业精神的
7.inputn. 投入
8.phasen. 阶段,时期
9.purchasev. 购买
10.bonusn. 奖金;红利
11.guidancen. 指导,引导
12.consultantn. 顾问
13.discriminatev. 歧视
14.equatorn. 赤道
15.superioradj. 优质的
16.mildadj. 不浓烈的,淡的
17.subjectiveadj. 主观的
18.freshmann. (高中或大学)一年级学生
19.exceedv. 超过,超出
20.sorrown. 令人悲伤的事;悲伤
21.hirev. 租用,租借
22.therebyadv. 因此,由此
23.supervisionn. 监督
24.abusen. 滥用
25.pursen. 钱包
拓
展
单
词
|
通
其
用
1.manufacturev.生产,制作→manufacturern.生产商
2.distributev.分发;分配;分送→distributionn.分发
3.conventionn.常规;传统 →conventionaladj.常规的;传统的;因循守旧的
4.financialyadv.财政上地→financialadj.财政的→financen.财政
5.accumulatev.积累→accumulationn.积累
6.frustratev.使懊丧 →frustrationn.挫折,失望
7.expensen.费用→expensiveadj.昂贵的
8.thiefn.小偷→theftn.偷,盗窃
833
阅
读
单
词
|
明
其
义
1.chairwomann. 女主席;女会长
2.bugn. 突然的兴趣,迷恋
3.obstaclen. 障碍,阻碍
4.cosmeticsn. 化妆品,美容品
5.entrepreneurialadj. 创业的
6.estaten. 庄园
7.calorien. 卡(路里)
8.afloatadj. 不欠债的
9.rationaladj. 合理的
10.toddlern. 学步的儿童
[Part2 闪记核心短语]
1.makeendsmeet 使收支仅能相抵
2.interferewith 妨碍,阻止
3.gointodebt 陷入债务之中,负债
4.rentout 出租
5.attheexpenseof 以损害为代价
6.takeon 呈现,具有
7.takeoff 起飞,出发
8.inthehopeof... 抱着的希望
9.takeadvantageof 利用
10.besubjecttosth. 易受某事影响
[Part3 速记经典句式]
典型句式 教材原句
1.advise后接宾语从句
Thoughshewelcomesthenewentrepreneurialspirit,sheadvisesthat
peopleberealisticandseekguidancefromexpertconsultants(要现实一
些并且寻求专业顾问的指导)beforerushingintothings.
2.(Thereis)noneedtodosth. Noneedtobringmyown(不用带我自己的)tomorrow!
3.现在分词短语作状语
Takingitasanobjectofstudy(把它作为研究的对象),psychologists
havepublishedvariouspapersstatingthatbehaviourofsharingisbenefiG
cialtosettinguppositiveemotionalbonding.
[Part4 积累联想拓展]
形容人心情的名词集锦 take高频短语速记
①sorrow 悲伤;悲痛
②sadness 悲伤
③delight 高兴;快乐
④happiness 高兴;快乐
⑤joy 高兴;快乐
⑥depression 沮丧
①takeaway 拿走
②takeoff 脱下;起飞;成名
③takeplace 发生
④takeon 呈现;雇佣;承担
⑤takein 吸收;理解;欺骗
⑥takeback 带回;收回
933
基础必备 选择性必修第四册
学生用书 P300
[核心词汇———逐点清]
1.potentialn.&adj.潜质,潜力;潜在性,可能性;
可能的,潜在的
▶ [教材对接]
(1)Itwasonlyaftergraduatingfrom university
overseasandreturningtovisitherparentsthat
Zhangrealisedthepotential.
直到她结束海外留学生活,回国看望父母时,才意
识到这里的潜力.
①realise/achieveones(ful)potential
发挥某人的(全部)潜力
havethepotentialtodosth.有做某事的潜力
thepotentialfor(doing)sth.
(做)某事的可能性/潜在性
②potentialdanger/customers潜在的危险/顾客
[基础练通] 单句语法填空
(2)Historyhasthepotentialtobreak(break)
downthoseboundariesbyofferingusinsightinto
entire worldsthat would otherwise beforeign
tous.
(3)Theregionhasgreatpotentialforeconomic
development.
[能力提升] 完成句子
(4)Shewasthefirsttorealisethepotentialdanger
oftheirsituation.
她是第一个意识到他们的处境有潜在危险的人.
2.distributionn.(商品)分销,经营;分配,分布;分
发;分送
▶ [教材对接]
(1)AfterIwentonTV,amajorAsianmanufacG
turerofcosmetics was wilingtopurchase my
productandhelpwithitsdistribution.
我上了电视后,一家亚洲大型化妆品制造商表示愿
意购买我的产品并且帮忙分销.
distributevt. 散布,分发
distributesth.among/tosb.分发,分配某物
[基础练通] 单句语法填空
(2)Distributethemto/amongyourfamily,your
friends,andyourcoleaguesandsharethesuccess
withpeopleyoulove.
(3)NewsocialproblemshavearisenduetotheunG
fairdistribution(distribute)ofthesocialwealthso
far.
[能力提升] 完成句子
(4)ThedistributionofresourcesisunbalancedbeG
tweenruralandurbanschools.
农村学校与城市学校的资源分配不平衡.
3.superioradj.&n.质量上乘的,优质的;上级,
长官
▶ [教材对接]
(1)superior,smoothblend,withmildflavour
上乘的,口感顺滑,带有淡淡的香味
superiorin 在方面占优势的
superiorto 优于,胜过,比好
besb.ssuperiorin 在方面比某人强
[基础练通] 单句语法填空
(2)Healwaysdoeswhathissuperiors(superior)
telhim.
(3)Therefore,thecombinedeffortofthismethod
issuperiortoothertraditionalmethods.
[能力提升] 完成句子
(4)Nooneishersuperiorintypewritinginthis
office.
在这个办公室里没人比她打字更出色.
4.consultantn.顾问
▶ [教材对接]
(1)Thoughshewelcomesthenewentrepreneurial
spirit,sheadvisesthatpeopleberealisticandseek
guidancefromexpertconsultantsbeforerushing
intothings.
尽管她欢迎这种新的创业精神,但她建议人们要实
事求是,在仓促行事之前,先从专业顾问那里寻求
指导.
①consultvt. 咨询;请教;商量;查阅
consultwithsb.about/onsth.
与某人就某事进行商量
②consultsb.aboutsth. 就某事向某人咨询
③consultadictionary/amap 查阅词典/查阅地图
043
高考总复习 英语(外研版)
[基础练通] 单句语法填空
(2)RunningthroughAug.5,themarketfeatured
onlineexhibitionsoffilmsandTVprograms,and
avarietyofonlineservices,includingcopyright
andinsuranceconsulting(consult).
(3)Mymum wasaconsultant(consult)psychiaG
trist(精神病医师)atLancasterMoorhospital.
(4)Anincreasingnumberofpeopleareconsulting
theiraccountantsaboutthetaxlaws.
[能力提升] 完成句子
(5)Consultyourdoctorabouthow muchexercise
youshouldattempt.
咨询一下医生你需要多大的运动量.
5.rentout出租(房屋、房间、土地等)
▶ [教材对接]
(1)Whetheritsanonlineshopwherewecanhire
designerclothesatrockGbottomprices,oraplatG
formfrom whichwecanrentoutourflatsfora
coupleofdays,itsoutthere.
无论是一个我们可以以最低价格租到设计师服装
的网店,还是一个我们可以把公寓出租几天的平
台,它都已出现.
①rentn. 租金,租用费
vt. 租用,租借;出租
v. 撕裂,扯碎
②rentsth.fromsb. 从某人那里租用某物
[基础练通] 单句语法填空
(2)Werentoutroomsinourhousetostudents.
(3)Thefamilyrented(rent)aformerchurchin
downtownPortlandandscheduledaconcert.
(4)Thestatealsoclearedthewayforcompanies
toselorrentoutselfGdrivingcars,andforcomG
paniestooperatedriverlesstaxiservices.
[能力提升] 完成句子
(5)Somefarmersrenttheirlandfromthecouncil.
一些农民从市政会租赁土地.
6.takeadvantageof利用
▶ [教材对接]
(1)Somecompaniesaretakingunfairadvantageof
thissituationtoexpandtheirshareofthemarket,
oftenattheexpenseofmoretraditionalandestabG
lishedcompanies.
一些公司正在利用这种情况获取不公平的优势,来
扩大他们的市场份额,通常以牺牲已有的更为传统
的公司为代价.
havethe/anadvantageover...比占优势
beatanadvantage 占优势
tosb.sadvantage 对某人有利
havetheadvantageof...具有的有利条件
[基础练通] 单句语法填空
(2)ImgoingtotakeadvantageofthistourtoexG
plorethehistoryofthecastle.
(3)Youwilbeatanadvantagetostudyabroad.
(4)Shehadtheadvantageofagoodeducation.
(5)Rickhasanadvantageoveryousincehecan
speakGerman.
[能力提升] 完成句子
(6)Parentsshouldactivelyurgetheirchildrento
takeadvantageoftheopportunitytojoinsports
team.
家长应积极督促孩子利用这次机会加入运动队.
7.discriminatev.不公正地区别对待,歧视
▶ [教材对接]
(1)However,somepeoplearelessoptimistic,and
arguethatitdiscriminatesagainstproducersnot
partoftheGoodDealmovement.
然而,有些人就不那么乐观了,他们认为这是对那
些不属于 GoodDeal运动的生产者的歧视.
①discriminateagainst 歧视;排斥
②discriminatebetween 区分
③discriminatesth.fromsth. 区别某事物
④discriminationn. 区别对待;歧视
[基础练通] 单句语法填空
(2)They believethelaw discriminatesagainst
women.
(3)Studieshaveexploredhowdogscategorizeand
discriminatebetweendifferentimages.
(4)Heshowedgreatdiscrimination(discriminate)
inhischoiceoffriends.
[能力提升] 完成句子
(5)Wemustlearntodiscriminatefactfromopinion.
我们必须学会把事实与看法分开.
8.guidev.指引;指导
▶ [经典佳句]
(1)Guidedbyprofoundlongingforfreedom,she
struggledtoherfeetandmovedon.
在对自由的深切渴望的指引下,她挣扎着站起来,
继续走下去.
143
基础必备 选择性必修第四册
①aguideto 的指南
②guidesb.along/through 带领,引导某人
(至某地)
③guidesb./sth.into/towards 为引路
④guidesb.throughsth. 指引,指导(尤指做
困难或复杂的事)
[基础练通] 单句语法填空
(2)Hepublishedrecentlyaguidetothebest
swimmingspotsinLondon.
(3)Searchlightswereusedtoguidetheshipinto
theharbour.
[能力提升] 完成句子
(4)Havingamaptoguideyoualongthewayisa
usefultool.
有一份指导你走下去的指南是很有益的帮助.
[间考词汇———要知晓]
1.blankadj.&n.无表情的;空白的;无图画的;空
白处;(记忆中的)空白,遗忘
写出下面句子中blank的词性及含义
(1)Jim waswatchingalateGnightfilmathome
when,rightinthemiddleofathriling(惊险的)
scene,thetelevisionwentblank. adj.无图画的
(2)Theprofessorcouldtelbytheblanklookon
Mariasfacethatshedidntunderstandasingle
wordofhislecture. adj.无表情的
(3)PutawordineachblanktocompletethesenG
tence. n.空白处
(4)MymindwasablankandIcouldntremember
hername. n.(记忆中的)空白
2.purchasevt.&n.买,购买;采购
单句语法填空
(1)Sammadeapurchaseofpotatochipsandsoda
attheconveniencestoreonhiswayhome.
(2)Thenewcouplespentsomemoneyonthepurchase
ofthefurniturenecessaryfortheirnewhouse.
(3)Thecarrier “Varyag”waspurchased(purG
chase)from Ukrainein 1999 and broughtto
Dalianin2002.
(4)Whenyousavemoneyonthesepurchases(purG
chase),eachdiscountonlyhappensonce.
3.expensen.费用,花费
用expense的适当形式填空
(1)Inadditiontoourdailyexpenses,wehaveto
spendquitealotonourdaughtersfurthereducaG
tion.
(2)Thiskindofcameracanbeadjustedtothe
heightyouneed.Besides,itsnotexpensiveatal.
(3)Itisobviousthat,tosome,thebirthofababy
wilbeattheexpenseoftheirfreedom.
4.takeon雇用;呈现;承担
选词填空
takeover,takeoff,takeon,takein,takeup
(1)Manypeoplehavebeentakeninbythosewho
takeuppyramidseling.
(2)HistradetookoffafterhetookonsomeexG
perts.
(3)Briggswiltakeoverasgeneralmanagerwhen
Mitchelretires.
Noneedtobringmyowntomorrow!
明天不用带我自己的!
句中 Noneed是(Thereis)noneed(forsb.)to
dosth.句式,意为“(某人)没必要做某事”.
具备该结构的常见句型有:
Thereis/wasnotimetodo...没有时间做
Thereisnopoint/senseindoing...
做是没有意义的
Thereisnouse/good(in)doing...
做没有用(好处)
[基础练通] 单句语法填空
(1)Thereisnoneedtobuy(buy)themostexpenG
siveclothestomakeagoodimpression.
(2)(2024新课标Ⅱ卷)Inaddition,theresno
needforpesticidesandotherchemicalsthatpolG
lutetraditionalfarmsandthesurroundingenviG
ronment.
(3)Thereisnouselosing(lose)yourweightwithG
outeatinganything.
[能力提升] 完成句子
(4)Thereisnoneedtoworry.Hewiltrytohave
hisworkfinishedontime.
别担心,他将会尽力按时完成工作的.
243
高考总复习 英语(外研版)
学生用书 P303
[全练透]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.Believeinyourpotential(潜力)andstudyhard,
andyouwilsurelyachieveyourdream.
2.WhenIenteredtheroom,thegirllookedatme
withablank(无表情的)expression.
3.Ifeltdizzy(头晕目眩的)whenIlookeddownfrom
thetopofthetelevisiontower.
4.Afewyearsagoitwasvirtualyimpossibletofind
superior(质量上乘的)coffeeinlocalshops.
5.Thatisbecausealtheanswersarebasedontheir
subjective(主观的)opinions.
6.Ifyouexceed(超过)yourcreditlimit,wehavethe
righttocancelyouraccount.
Ⅱ.语境填空
1.NowanumberofschoolshavepsychologicalconG
sultants(consult)tohelpstudentswhoareunder
psychologicalpressure.
2.Hehadneitherthetimenortheinclinationto
thinkofotherthings.
3.Undertheguidance(guide)oftheteacher,he
makesgreatprogressinoralEnglish.
4.Thereisnodenyingthattheunfairdistribution
(distribute)ofwealthstilexistsnowadays.
5.JimturnedaroundanddeclaredhimselftobeanG
gryandfrustrated(frustrate).
6.Ihopethatmyenterprising(enterprise)experience
inspiresyoutobemoresuccessful.
7.Mary,whosesisterIsharedaroom withatcolG
lege,hasgonetoworkinGermany.
8.Withthecurrentjobsituation,agediscrimination
(discriminate)inemploymentisbecoming more
common.
9.StudentsshouldavoidalowingtheirpersonalfeelG
ingstointerferewiththeirstudy.
10.WiththerapiddevelopmentofnewenergyvehiG
cles,conventional(convention)carsmaygradualy
disappear.
Ⅲ.选词填空
makeendsmeet,interferewith,gointodebt,at
theexpenseof,rentout,inthehopeof
1.Ifherinsuredidnotpay,shesaid,shewouldgo
intodebt,findawaytoraisethemoney.
2.Fortunately,theycouldrentouttheirtwoGbedG
roomLondonhouse.
3.Unlessheandhiswifebothwork,theycantposG
siblymakeendsmeet.
4.Tom wasstudyinghardinthehopeofbeingadG
mittedtoakeycolege.
5.Itrynottoletworkinterferewithmypersonal
life.
6.Weshouldnotdevelopeconomyattheexpenseof
theenvironment.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.专家建议,青少年每周 锻 炼 5 次,每 次 至 少 30
分钟.
Expertsadvisethatteenagers (should)spendat
least30minutesexercising,fivetimesaweek.
2.我们唯一能做的事情就是给你一些钱.
Theonlythingthatwecandois(to)giveyousome
money.
3.他利用了我的信任,拿走的比我想要给的还多.
Hetookadvantageofmytrust,takingmorethan
Ihadintendedtogive.
4.既然这个问题已经解决了,我们就没有必要再讨
论了.
Thisisnoneedforustodiscusstheproblemagain
sinceithasalreadybeensolved.
5.我不得不改变我对他们的能力和潜力的态度.
Ihadtochangemyattitudeabouttheirabilityand
potential.
[重落实]
Ⅰ.单元巩固练
在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的
正确形式(黑体词为本单元重点词汇).
Surroundedbyrosesasshewasgrowingup,
ZhangYuepaidthemlittleattention.ItwasonlyafG
ter1.graduating(graduate)fromuniversityoverseas
andreturningtovisitherparentsthatZhangrealised
thepotentialanddecidedtoreturntoherhometown
andgrowroses,2.whichsurprisedmanypeople.“I
wantedtoexperiencethefreedomofbeing3.my(I)
ownboss,”shesaid.“ButIalso wantedtogive
somethingbacktomyhometown.”TheroadtosucG
cessisalonganddificultone,withmany4.chalenges
(chalenge)alongtheway.The5.biggest(big)chalG
343
基础必备 选择性必修第四册
lengeattheinitialphasewastopersuadepeopleto
workforhercompany,which wastotalyoutside
herexperience.She6.hasovercome(overcome)a
numberofobstaclesinnursingherbusinesstothe
successitistoday.Nowherproductisoneofthe
bestinAsia.Thisyear,shecanpayal herfelow
workers7.adecentbonus.Thoughshewelcomesthe
newentrepreneurialspirit,sheadvisesthatpeoplebe
realisticand8.(should)seek(seek)guidancefrom
expertconsultantsbeforerushingintothings.“9.To
succeed(succeed)inbusiness,youneedmorethana
goodidea,hard work and determination.What
10.realy(real)mattersisasoundbusinessplan,acG
cesstocapital,andgoodmanagementandnegotiaG
tingskils.Youshouldknow yourownlimitsand
thoseofthepeopleyouworkwith,”saysZhang.
Ⅱ.话题微写作(新闻报道)
假定你是李华,你校这学期开设了一门选修
课———青年理财课.请你用英文写一篇报道,向你校
英文报投稿.内容包括:
1.参加人员;
2.课程内容;
3.课程反响.
注意:1.写作词数应为80左右;
2.尽可能用本单元知识;
3.请按如下格式在相应位置作答.
YouthFinanceCourseOfferedinOurSchool
[参考范文]
YouthFinanceCourseOfferedinOurSchool
Thisterm ourschoolisrunninganelective
courseonfinance.FiftyGfivestudentsfromSenior1
toSenior3aretakingthecourse.
Thisisabeginnersclasswherestudentscan
learnalotaboutbasicfinancialknowledge.The
teacheradoptsthecasemethodtoteachunfamiliar
conceptsandterms.Intheclassheldonceaweek,
studentshaveheateddiscussionsaboutcasesand
createpracticalfinancialplans.
The course produces enthusiastic responses
fromparticipants,manyofwhom sayitnotonly
deepenstheirunderstandingoffinancebutalsoleads
tobetterpersonalfinancialbehavior.
Ⅲ.读后续写微技能(40)———地理位置
●[多样表达]
1.beachn.海滩
2.streamn.小溪
3.rockn.岩石
4.mountainn.山
5.situatevt.使(某物)位于
6.ruraladj.农村的
7.beneathprep.在下方
8.afavorablysituatedcity位置优越的城市
9.asmalvilageofthemap地图上的一个小村庄
10.withinastonesthrowofthebeach
离海滨仅咫尺之遥
11.inavilageamongthehils在群山环抱的村庄里
12.thethinlypopulatedruralarea人烟稀少的农村地区
●[佳句观摩]
1.在两个镇的中间有个小村子.
Thereisasmal vilagemidwaybetweenthetwo
towns.
2.他们碰见了她,独自一人神色忧郁地走在海滩上.
Theyfoundherwalkingaloneonthebeach,deG
pressed.
3.在这之前,他一直住在一个天气暖和的乡村里,那
里,阳光洒满美丽的满是橘子的果园,田野里到处
是芳香扑鼻的鲜花.
Beforethis,hehadlivedinawarmcountry,where
thesunshinesdownonbeautifulorangegroves,and
fieldsarealwayssweetwithflowers.
●[好句仿写]
1.这幢房子坐落在松树丛中的一块岩石上.
Thehousestandsonarockamongpinesinahil.
2.湖位于扬州城西北,从六朝以来就为风景胜地并且
在乾隆时期盛极一时.
ThelakeissituatedinthenorthGwesternpartof
thecityYangzhou.Ithasbeenascenicspotsince
theSixDynastiesandwasinitsfulflourishin
EmperorQianlongPeriod.
3.我们以前住在一个漂亮的村庄里,有树和花草,连
空气都是甜的.
Weusedtoliveinabeautifulvilage,andthere
weretrees,flowersandgreengrass,andtheair
wassosweet.
443
高考总复习 英语(外研版)
学生用书 P304
[培优1] 单元知识链高考
一、熟词生义
1.Journalistscoveringthecasehavebeenthreatened
andabused. v.辱骂,谩骂
2.Shetriedtogetapurchaseontheslipperyrock.
n.抓牢,蹬稳
3.HesboughtaspecialybigTVatvastexpenseso
thateveryonecanseeproperly. n.价钱
二、一词多义———根据语境选出blank的含义
A.adj.空白的;空的 B.n.空格;(记忆中的)空白
C.adj.没表情的;茫然的D.v.突然忘掉
1.Theladystaredatmewithablankexpressionon
herface. C
2.InfactIknewtheanswer,butItotalyblanked
duringthetest. D
3.Unfortunately,whenIwasfacedwiththerough
taskheassignedtome,mymindwentblank.
B
4.Weyeledatthebear,hitpotshard,andfired
blankshotgunshelsintotheair. A
[培优2] 高考语篇培素养———Topic:现代科技信息技术
◆真题文本 ◆真题再做
(2022全国乙卷)Canasmalgroupofdrones(无人机)guarG
anteethesafetyandreliabilityofrailwaysand,atthesametime,
helprailwayoperatorssavebilionsofeuroseachyear? Thatisthe
verylikelyfutureofapplyingtodays“eyesinthesky”technology
tomakingsurethatthemilionsofkilometresofrailtracksandinG
frastructure(基础设施)worldwidearesafefortrainsona24/7baG
sis.
DronesarealreadybeingusedtoexaminehighGtensionelectriG
callines.Theycoulddopreciselythesamethingtoinspectrailway
linesandothervitalaspectsofrailinfrastructuresuchasthecorrect
positionofrailwaytracksandswitchingpoints.Themoreregularly
theycanbeinspected,themorerailwaysafety,reliabilityandonG
timeperformancewilbeimproved.CostswouldbecutandoperaG
tionswouldbemoreefficient(高效)acrosstheboard.
Thatincludeshugesavingsin maintenancecostsandbetter
protectionofrailwaypersonnelsafety.ItiscalculatedthatEuropeG
anrailwaysalonespendapproximately20bilioneurosayearon
maintenance,includingsendingmaintenancestaff,oftenatnight,
toinspectandrepairtherailinfrastructure.Thatcanbedangerous
workthatcouldbeavoidedwithdronesassistingthecrewsefforts.
Byusingthelatesttechnologies,dronescouldalsostartproviG
dinghigherGvalueservicesforrailways,detectingfaultsintherail
orswitches,beforetheycancauseanysafetyproblems.Toperform
1.What makes the application of
dronestoraillinespossible?
A.Theuseofdronesinchecking
onpowerlines.
B.Dronesabilitytoworkathigh
altitudes.
C.ThereductionofcostindesigG
ningdrones.
D.Dronesreliableperformancein
remoteareas.
2.Whatdoes “maintenance”underG
linedinParagraph3referto?
A.Personnelsafety.
B.Assistancefromdrones.
C.Inspectionandrepair.
D.Constructionofinfrastructure.
3.Whatfunctionisexpectedofthe
raildrones?
A.Toprovideearlywarning.
B.Tomaketrainsrunautomaticaly.
C.Toearnprofitsforthecrews.
D.Toacceleratetransportation.
543
基础必备 选择性必修第四册
续表
thesetasks,dronesforraildontneedtobeflyingoverhead.EngiG
neersarenowworkingonanewconcept:theraildronesofthefuG
ture.Theywilbemovingonthetrackaheadofthetrain,andproG
grammedtorunautonomously.
VerysmaldroneswithadvancedsensorsandAIandtraveling
aheadofthetraincouldguideitlikeacoGpilot.Withtheirabilityto
seeahead,theycouldsignalanyproblem,sothatfastGmoving
trainswouldbeabletoreactintime.
4.Whichisthemostsuitabletitlefor
thetext?
A.WhatFaults Can Be Detected
withDrones
B.How ProductionofDronesCan
BeExpanded
C.WhatDifficultyDroneDevelopG
mentWilFace
D.How Drones Wil Changethe
FutureofRailways
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文.文章主要介绍了
应用今天的“空中之眼”技术,无人机能在保证铁路
安全可靠的同时又能保证铁路运输节约成本,无人机
将改变铁路的未来.
1.A [细节理解题.根据第二段中“DronesarealG
readybeingused...tracksandswitchingpoints.”
可知,无人机现在已经用来检测高压电力线路,它
们可以做同样的事情来检查铁路线路以及铁路基
础设施的其他重要方面.]
2.C [词义猜测题.根据后文“Itiscalculatedthat
European...therailinfrastructure.”可知,mainteG
nance指的是后文中的“inspectandrepairtherail
infrastructure”.]
3.A [细节理解题.根据最后一段中“Engineersare
now working on...would beabletoreactin
time.”可知,铁路无人机有望提前发出警报,使高
速列车可以及时采取措施应对危险因素,避免事故
发生.]
4.D [标题归纳题.根据第一段第一句“Canasmal
groupof...savebilionsofeuroseachyear?”和下
文对无人机在铁路领域的应用的介绍以及对未来
无人机的发展展望可知,在未来,无人机将会保证
铁路的安全性和可靠性,或许会成为铁路安全的新
未来.故D项最适合作为本文的标题.]
◆素材积累
(一)由文本积累主题词块
1.makesure 确保;设法保证
2.railwaytracks 铁路轨道
3.switchingpoints 开关点
4.hugesavings 巨大的节省
5.thecrewsefforts 工作人员的努力
6.thelatesttechnology 最新技术
7.anewconcept 一个新概念
8.signalanyproblem 对任何问题发出信号
(二)由文本积累阅读词汇
1.guaranteev. 担保;提供(产品)保修单
2.reliabilityn. 可靠,可信赖
3.preciselyadv. 精确地;恰好地;严谨地
4.approximatelyadv. 大约;近似
5.detectv. 发现;查明;测出
6.calculatev. 计算;估算;估计
7.programmev. 为(机器或系统)设定程序
8.autonomouslyadv. 自动地
(三)由文本辨熟词生义(将词义对应的字母填到横
线上)
aspect
A.方面 B.样子 C.外观 D.方位
①Climateandweatheraffecteveryaspectofour
lives. A
②Thehousesaspectwasdarkandunattractive.
C
◆长句缩写
Byusingthelatesttechnologies,dronescouldalso
startprovidinghigherGvalueservicesforrailways,
detectingfaultsintherailorswitches,beforethey
cancauseanysafetyproblems.
[句式剖析] 请将句中的“枝叶”(名词短语、介词
短语、非谓语动词短语、形容词、副词、连词、从句)
去掉,留下“主干”(主谓宾或主系表).
(Byusingthelatesttechnologies),dronescould
(also)startproviding(higherGvalue)services(for
railways),[(detectingfaultsintherailorswitG
ches),(beforetheycancauseanysafetyprobG
lems)].
[句子缩写] DronescouldstartprovidingservG
ices.(不超过10个单词)
643
高考总复习 英语(外研版)