Unit 12 section Ⅵ Writing Workshop-【创新教程】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册五维课堂课时作业（北师大版2019）

X 世评时什业 UNIT 12 INNOVATION 英课 时 SECTION VI WRITING WORKSHOP 空 语作业 TO CHECK YOUR PROGRESS 纠错空间 [基础性] (follow)the old man,the I.单词拼写 young people started walking slowly. 1.Efforts to (维护)the 6.Ancient Egyptians knew how peace have failed. preserve)dead bodies from 2.I stood in the kitchen,waiting for the decay(腐烂). water to (沸腾). 7.There is a need to check the 3.The incident (表明)the (accurate)of these figures. need for better security measures. 8.I thought he was making fun of me,and 444++444+444+44+ 4.I struggled through the ran faster than ever, (reach) (一群)of people to the exit. the schoolyard quite out of breath. 5.I think it may take some time before we [应用性] 4444444444444 can have an (准确 Ⅲ.完成句子 assessment of the damage. 1.I think these interesting old customs 6.The last five years have seen a consist- 方法总结 ent (改善)in the 我认为这些有趣的旧习俗应该好好地 country s economy 保存下去。 7.A bomb (爆炸)ina 2.1 for some 44年44444年44 nearby supermarket.The time. (爆炸)was very powerful, 这个建议我仔细反思了一段时间。 bringing over 20 deaths and many inju- 3.You can call me ries. 8.All the (电气的) 你随时都可以给我打电话。 work in the company is done by my 4.He at six brother.Yesterday he was free because every day. there was no (电). 他每天早晨六点起床，这已成为一种 Ⅱ.单句语法填空 习惯。 1.My brother graduated from Peking 5.Mary sat by the window of the class- University majoring in room. (electric)engineering. 玛丽坐在教室的窗户旁，正在读一 2.He looked much worried first 本书。 time I saw him. 6.A city is the product of the human hand 3.There is still room for and mind, (improve)in your work. 4.Tina made clear that she 城市是人的手和思想的产物，反映了人 would leave the company. 的智慧和创造力。 ·67· 选择性必修第四册·(BSD) 英语到 [综合性] positive..”He continued,“Our natural re- [,阅读理解 sources are being drained at an alarming rate. We have given our planet the disas- 纠错空间 Stephen Hawking Warns Humans trous gifts of climate change,rising tem Must Leave Earth Soon peratures,reduction of the polar ice caps, Professor Stephen Hawking recently deforestation(滥伐森林)，and decimation came out with a serious warning for peo- (大批杀死)of animal species.We can be an ple.While at the Starmus Festival,a fes- ignorant and unthinking(考虑不周的)lot,” tival in Trondheim,Norway,celebrating The professor warned the audience science and the arts,Hawking warned that doing nothing would lead nowhere. people that the human race is in serious He said,"If we succeed we will send a 44144444 danger. probe(航天探测器)to Alpha Centauri Hawking criticized President Donald within the lifetime of some of you alive Trump for denying climate change.Then today.It is clear that we are entering a the physicist warned the audience,"I am new space age.We are standing at the not denying the importance of fighting cli- threshold(开端)of a new era..Human mate change and global warming,unlike colonization and moving to other planets Donald Trump,who may just have taken is no longer science fiction,and it can be the most serious and wrong decision on science fact."Hawking advised the audi- climate change this world has seen." ence to move to other worlds because we Hawking proposed that the leading are running out of space. 方法总结 countries should send astronauts to the 1.According to Hawking,what is the first Moon before 2020 to restart a movement step for humans to spread out into space? 44444444 of more exploration in space.The BBC A.To send people to Mars. reported that Hawking suggested that we B.To build a lunar base. "build a lunar base in 30 years'time and C.To send astronauts to the Moon. send people to Mars by 2025". D.To change the future of humanity. According to the BBC,Professor 2.The underlined word“drained”in Par- 44444444 Hawking said,"Spreading out into space agraph 5 can be replaced by will completely change the future of hu- A.speeded up B.stored manity.”He continued,“I hope it would C.used up D.explored unite competitive nations in a single goal 3.What is Hawking's attitude towards to face the common challenge for us all." the Earth's future? The physicist shared more ideas to moti- A.Pessimistic. B.Confused. vate the younger generation to continue C.Positive. D.Indifferent. exploring space.Hawking stated,"A new 4.The reason why humans must leave the and ambitious space program would excite Earth soon is that young people,and stimulate interest in A.the Earth is under threat and the other areas,such as astrophysics(天体物 human race is in serious danger 理学)and cosmology(字宙学).” B.humans have found other forms of Hawking also revealed his vision of energy to move to a new planet other forms of energy that could move us C.a new and ambitious space program to a new planet.He warned the audi- would excite young people ence,"The Earth is under threat from so D.astronauts have found a better world many areas that it is difficult for me to be in space than the Earth ·68· 世证时作业 UNIT 12 INNOVATION 女 plays a major role in the decision-making Ever wonder how your brain works process."Since the raw material for mak- when making bigger decisions like buying ing serotonin-an amino acid called tryp- a car or accepting a job offer?Researchers tophan-only comes from diet,levels of 纠错空间 from the University of Dundee in Scot- land conducted a study that clarifies why the chemical decline between meals,"re- you may want to have a small bite before ports a piece in the Telegraph about the making that big decision. study."This can lead to aggressiveness Benjamin Vincent from the Universi- and impulsiveness,"said the team. ty of Dundee's Psychology Department 5.How did Benjamin Vincent and Jordan and his co-author Jordan Skrynka tested Skrynka carry out their research? 50 people twice:once when they followed their normal eating patterns and once A.By analysing reasons. when they did not eat anything during the B.By making comparisons. +44++444+444+4+ day.Using three different types of re- C.By giving examples. wards (food,money,and song down- D.By filling questionnaires. loads),the team discovered when presen- 6.The underlined word“bounty”in Para- ted with the choice of receiving the re- graph 2 can best be replaced by ward now versus double the award at some point in the future,participants would usually volunteer to wait for 35 A.bonus B.quantity 方法总结 days to earn a larger bounty,but when C.income D.fortune they were hungry,they said they would 7.What conclusion can we draw from only wait three days. Vincent's study? 441444中44444+ "We wanted to know whether being A.It's common to make a wrong deci- in a state of hunger had a specific effect on how you make decisions only relating sion if you are hungry. to food or if it had broader effects,and B.Make sure you are not hungry be- this research suggests decision-making fore making a big decision. gets more present-focused when people C.The hungrier you are,the quicker are hungry,"Vincent said in a story you will make a decision. about the study on the university's web- D.Being hungry drives you to make a site."You would predict that hunger decision connected with food. would impact people's preferences rela- ting to food,but it is not yet clear why 8.What is the last paragraph mainly about? people get more present-focused for com- A.What should be eaten to make a wise pletely unrelated rewards.Hunger is so man. common that it is important to under- B.How we can get enough serotonin stand the non-obvious ways in which our from our diet. preferences and decisions may be affected C.What other factors will influence byit,”he said. In an earlier study of the subject by a one's decision-making team at Cambridge University in Eng- D.How a chemical functions in the land,the researchers noted that serotonin course of making a decision. ·69· 选择性必修第四册·(BSD) 奥语到 Ⅱ.阅读填句 Ⅲ.语法填空 A scientist is a person who explores Technology is changing the face of 间 and examines aspects of a certain field to the world,and now faces are changing better understand how they function.The 纠错空间 technology too.Facial recognition tech- process of exploration follows a strict set of rules known as the scientific method. nology.1. its capacity to analyse a huge amount of data,has come 。44444。。4 The primary duty of a scientist in into widespread use.It works by compa- any field is to do research.2 A scien- ring the facial features of 2. tist who specializes in microbiology could (give)images with what are in a data- study germs,while a scientist who stud- base.It offers a quick and cool alternative 114444444 ies the atmosphere could research the pat- to traditional passwords,and you cannot tern of the wind. forget your own face!In theory,networks Apart from devoting himself to the research,a scientist can also work for which use our own body as passwords employers.3 Besides,universities should also be 3. safe) and some governmental organizations also from hackers and better protect us from require scientists to teach and research. identity theft than 4. that use Some scientists are able to get research traditional passwords,mainly because ev- funds independently or participate in a ery individual is unique.The technology funded scientific project and spend their 5. (be)especially useful in time working toward a clear goal. 4 This usually means getting a public places:banks,airports and railway 方法总结 PhD in the chosen field.In many cases,it stations,to name but a few. 44444444444 also means finding work opportunities However,facial recognition technol- during school.They can provide the per- ogy has also started to pose some difficult son with practical experience.Many scien- questions.Experts have been giving 6. tists regularly publish their findings or (warn)about this technolo- notes of their work. gy,saying it may not be as good as we Some scientists,such as a doctor, might require official certificates(证书). think.Facial expressions often vary, 5 The requirements and duties of sci- 7. makes facial recognition entists are as broad and various as the ar- less effective.Moreover,there is growing ea which they study. concern 8. we might fall A.Being a scientist requires a very good victim to this technology,as there are ca- education. ses in which hackers have broken into fa- B.In different fields,their research can cial recognition systems by using people's be different. social media photos 9. C.Others might only need membership in an association. (build)models of their faces. D.A scientist may make use of the results Scientists and engineers have been of others'research. urged to improve existing technology and E.The purpose of science is to produce make it failsafe.Apparently,this will be useful models of reality. 10. tough task.Whatever F.There are large companies that hire happens,we need to make sure that facial scientists to help with their products. G.The method ensures that new discov- recognition technology can be trusted-or eries are factual and not just theories. we will have to face the consequences. ·70·诬作业 参考答案 4. A [考查动词。根据“the years 1214and 1292”可知, SECTION VI 现代科学的兴起可以追潮到很早的时期。keep保留, 基础性 维持;look看;emerge出现。dateback意为“追溯 I.1. preserve 2. boil 3. illustrates 4. mass 到”,为固定短语。故选A。] 5. accurate 6. improvement 7. exploded explosion 5.C [考查动词。根据“we should learn science by ob- 8. electrical electricity serving and experimenting on the things around us" II. 1. electrical 2. the 3. improvement 4.it 可知,这里应是罗杰·培根提出的建议。command命 5. Following 6. to preserve 7. accuracy 8. reaching 令;suspect 怀疑;suggest 建议;conclude推断。故 应用性 选C。] 6.B [考查动词。根据“many important truths”可知, III. 1. should be well preserved 2. reflected on this pro posal 3. any time you want to 4. makes it a rule to get 他本人发现了很多重要的真理。bring带来;discovet up 5. reading a book 6. reflecting man's intelligence 发现;handle处理;announce宣布。故选B。] and creativity 7.A [考查定语从句。分析可知,空格处引导非限制性 综合性 定语从句,修饰指人的先行词severalgreatmen,且在 从句中作主语,应用关系代词who。故选A。 I.A.[语篇解读] 文章引用了世界知名物理学家及天 8.B [考查副词。根据“Aristotlesaidso”并联系史实 文学家霍金的观点,阐明了人类必须离开地球在太空中 可知,亚里士多德曾经认为重的物体比轻的物体下降 找一处新家的原因。 得快。slowly缓慢地;rapidly快速地;lightly轻轻地; 1.C [细节理解题。由文章第三段的第一句可知,人类 heavily沉重地。故选B。] 要向太空扩展应在2020年之前把宇航员送到月球以 9.C [考查连词。根据“Aristotlesaidso”可知,这里表 重启太空探索,故选C。] 示因为亚里士多德是这样说的。if如果;when当...... 2.C [词义猜测题。由该词前面的“naturalresources” 的时候;because因为;although尽管。故选C。] 和后面的“at analarmingrate”可以推断出,drain在这 10. D [考查形容词。根据“andproved Aristotle was 里是“用完,耗尽”的意思,故选C。] wrong”可知,此处表示使用了两块不同重量的石头。 3.A[观点态度题。由文章中反复出现的“warned”以 big大的;small小的;constant不断的;unequal不相 及第五段的内容可以推断出,霍金对地球的未来持悲 等的。故选D。] 观的态度,这也是他提出人类要离开地球的原因,故 11.A [考查名词。根据“But Galileo,going to the top 选A。] of the Leaning Tower of Pisa... proved Aristotle 4.A[细节理解题。由第一段的第二句和第五段的第 waswrong.”可知,此处表示仞利略的直接走向自然 二句可知,人类必须离开地球的原因是:人类处于危 通过实验证明自己的观点和理论的精神。spirit精 险之中,地球受到威胁,故选A。] 神;skill技能;theory理论;wish愿望。故选A。] B. [语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。研究表明,饥饿 12.D [考查动词短语。put forward提出;turnto转 会影响人的决策,文章介绍了这一研究开展的过程以及 向;set up建立;leadto导致。根据“all the discover 研究的发现及其意义。 iesofmodernscience”可知,此处表示正是做利略的 5.B [细节理解题。根据第二段中的“...tested50 这种精神导致现代科学能有所发现。故选D。] people twice: once when they followed their normal 13.D [考查动词。根据“those people goodscientists” 可知,此处表示什么使那些人成为好的科学家。con eating patterns and once when they did not eat any sider考虑;promise许诺;prevent 阻止;make使得。 thingduringtheday.”可知,二人是通过比较进行研 故选D。] 究的。] 14.B [考查副词。从仞利略的例子中,我们能清楚地 6.A [词义猜测题。根据前文中的the teamdiscovered 看到现代科学的发展来源于仰利略等一些伟大科学 when presented with the choice of receiving the re 家的科学研究精神。efficiently有效率地;clearly清 ward可知,研究者让参与者选择接受奖励(reward)的 楚地;naturally自然地;unwillingly不情愿地。故 时间,因此画线词的意思是“奖金(bonus)”。 选B。] 7.B [推理判断题。根据第三段中的Hungerisso 15.C [考查动词。根据“betterresults”可知,此处指那 common that it is important to understand the non-ob 些科学家们的观察产生了更好的结果。foresee预 vious ways in which our preferences and decisions may 见;reject拒绝;produce使产生;challenge挑战。故 beaffectedbyit可知,我们的决定可能会受到饥饿的 选C。] 影响。故选B。] ·93· 选择性必修第四册·(BSD) 英语 8.D [主旨大意题。根据最后一段中的“...there- 2.given [考查过去分词。分析句子成分可知,句中已 searchers noted that serotonin plays a major role in 有谓语动词works,所以空格处应用非谓语动词;ima the decision-making process.”可知,最后一段主要叙 ges和所给提示词give之间是逻辑上的被动关系,所 述了在做决定的过程中一种化学物质是如何起作 以空格处应用过去分词作定语。故填given。句意: 用的。了 它的工作原理是将特定图像的面部特征与数据库中 II. [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了科学 的特征进行比较。] 探索过程中密要遵循的一些规则。 3. safer [考查形容词的比较级。根据语境和空格后的 1.G 细节句。上文提到探索过程中需要遵循科学方 than可知,此处把使用传统密码的网络和使用我们自 法,G 项"The method ensures that new discoveries are 己的身体作为密码的网络进行对比,应用形容词的比 factual and not just theories,”中的“The method"和上 较级。故填safer。句意:从理论上讲,与使用传统密 文中的“method”相呼应,因此G项承接上文,符合语 码的网络相比,使用我们自己的身体作为密码的网络 境。故选G。] 也应该更安全,不受黑客攻击,更好地保护我们免受 2. B [过渡句。根据上文“The primaryduty ofa scien 身份盗窃,这主要是因为每个人都是独一无二的。] tist in any field isto do research. ”和下文“A scientis 4.those [考查代词。分析句子成分可知,空格处指代 who specializes in microbiology could study germs. 上文提到的networks,为复数形式,指代复数应用 while a scientist who studies the atmosphere could re those。故填those。句意同上题。] searchthe pattern of the wind.”可知,在不同领域的 5. is [考查时态和主谓一致。根据语境可知,句子陈述 科学家研究的东西不一样:B项“Indifferentfields 的是客观事实,应用一般现在时,且句子主语technol- their researchcanbe different.”正好说明这一点,承 ogy为不可数名词,谓语动词应用单数。故填is。句 上启下,符合语境。故选B。] 意:这项技术在公共场所尤其有用:银行、机场和火车 3.F [细节句。上文提到科学家可以受雇于他人,F项 站等等,不一而足。] “There are large companies that hire scientists to help 6.warnings [考查名词及其单复数。分析句子成分可 with their products.”中的“hire scientists”和上文中的 知,空格处应用名词,作“havebeengiving”的宾语, “work for employers”相呼应,因此F项承接上文,符 warn的名词形式warning为可数名词,专家们发出的 合语境。故选F。] 警告不止一个,应用复数形式。故填warnings。句 4.A [主旨句。空格处位于段首,故推测为本段的主旨 意:专家们一直在对这项技术发出警告,称它可能没 句。下文“This usually means getting a PhD in the 有我们想象的那么好。] chosen field. In many cases,it also means finding work 7.which[考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,空格处 opportunitiesduring school.”讲了科学家和教育之间 引导非限制性定语从句,修饰前面整个主句,且关系 的联系,A项“Being a scientist requires a very good 词在从句中作主语,所以应用关系代词which。故填 education.”说明了科学家需要良好的教育,引领下 which。句意:面部表情经常会发生变化,这使得面部 文,符合语境。故选A。 识别效率降低。 5.C [细节句。上文提到一些科学家可能需要正式证 8.that [考查同位语从句。分析句子成分可知,空格处 书,C 项“Others might only need membership in an 引导同位语从句,解释说明concern的具体内容,从句 association.”中的“Others”和上文中的“Some scien 中不缺成分且意义完整,所以应用that。故填that。 tists”相呼应,“need”和“require”相呼应,“membership 句意:此外,人们越来越担心我们可能会成为这项技 inan association”和“official certificates”相呼应,因此 术的受害者,因为有黑客利用人们的社交媒体照片来 C项承接上文,符合语境。故选C。] 构建人脸模型,从而侵入人脸识别系统的案例。] III.[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了人脸 9. to build [考查动词不定式。usesth.todosth.意为 识别技术的作用和存在的问题。 “使用某物做某事”,为固定用法。故填tobuild。句意 1.with[考查介词。根据语境可知,空格处表示“因为, 同上题。] 由于”,应用with与后面的“itscapacityto analysea 10.a [考查冠词。分析句子可知,空格后的task为可 huge amountofdata”构成介词短语,在句中作原因状 数名词,此处泛指一项艰巨的任务,应用不定冠词;且 语。故填with。句意:人脸识别技术因为其分析大量 tough以辅音音素开头。故填a。句意:显然,这将是 数据的能力,已经得到了广泛的应用。 一项艰巨的任务。] ·94·