Unit 4 Space Exploration 测试卷(8) B卷 单元仿真训练卷(4)

测试卷(八)　B卷　单元仿真训练卷(4) 第一部分　听力 第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 Text 1 M：They may be proud of their new equipment, but I'm disappointed.Their nurses are not friendly and everything seems to be running behind schedule. W：Not to mention the fact that it's noisy because no one observes visiting hours. Text 2 W：Do you want to go fishing today? M：It's raining.Let's stay at home. W：What can we do at home? M：Let's just relax and read some good books. Text 3 M：I'm afraid we will have to put off the celebrations.Your mother is not feeling very well. W：That's probably for the best.We don't have any balloons and the cake didn't quite work out how I wanted it to. Text 4 M：Does the chicken taste all right? I learnt from a cook yesterday. W：It's wonderful, but a little dry.To tell the truth, I can cook chicken too. Text 5 W：It's so cold in here! It feels like a refrigerator. M：I know.The air conditioner is broken.But if I turn it off, it will be too hot. 第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6、7两个小题。现在，你有10秒钟的时间阅读这两个小题。 Text 6 M：What did you do last Saturday? W：I went with my friend Molly to the mall.I bought some new shoes.I wanted a new dress, but I couldn't find anything that looked good on me. M：What did Molly get? W：She bought a new pair of pants.Then we went to see a movie, and after that, we ate ice cream.What did you do? M：I went out to eat with my dad.Then we just came home and watched television.It was a nice, quiet evening. 听下面一段对话，回答第8、9两个小题。现在，你有10秒钟的时间阅读这两个小题。 Text 7 M：Mary, what about taking a walk or going to the cinema this Sunday? W：I'd like to, but I won't have any time on that day. M：What will you have to do on that day? W：In the morning, first, I'll help my brother with his math.You know, he's terrible at math and needs my help.After that, I'll help my mother water the garden. M：What will you do in the afternoon? W：I'll go to see my dentist.My teeth ache at times.I'm kind of worried. 听下面一段对话，回答第10至12三个小题。现在，你有15秒钟的时间阅读这三个小题。 Text 8 M：How was your interview, Emily? W：It was pretty good.Two weeks ago, I had my phone interview with Teach for America, and then this weekend, I had the in­person interview. M：How was the in­person interview? I heard it's really stressful. W：It was.It lasted all day.When we started, we were in a group of ten people or so.We each had prepared a five­minute lesson, then we had to discuss a problem in a group and reach a solution，and finally we interviewed one­on­one.It was really a long day. M：Yeah, I can imagine! When do you hear back? W：They said three to four weeks, so it's worth waiting.Have you started looking for jobs yet? Can you believe graduation is only a few months away? M：I've thought about it, but I get so anxious when I think about the future that I've stopped right now.I'm just going to focus on my studies for a bit longer.Once mid­term exams are over, I think I will start again. 听下面一段对话，回答第13至16四个小题。现在，你有20秒钟的时间阅读这四个小题。 Text 9 W：I was wondering if you could introduce something for a small family.Not too fast, not too big, but enough room for two kids in the back. M：I know exactly what you're looking for.Look at this Honda.It has four doors, so it is the perfect car for a family.And there's a lot of room in the back. W：We like to go on camping trips, and we need enough space for our bags. M：No problem.As you can see, the back seat has a lot of space. W：OK, what about that one over there? It looks nice. M：That is an SUV, also very popular, although it is a little higher up. W：What is the difference in price? M：The SUV is $5，000 more expensive. W：Well, it's an easy decision, then.We're definitely trying to keep costs down. 听下面一段独白，回答第17至20四个小题。现在，你有20秒钟的时间阅读这四个小题。 Text 10 M：The Martian tells the story of Mark Watney, an astronaut on the Ares 3 mission to Mars.After a terrible storm almost destroys the ship and the base, the crew of his ship believe he is dead.But Mark does not die in the storm, and he has been left behind.Alone on the red planet, he has to survive until the next mission to Mars arrives.While this novel is fiction, in some ways it feels like non­fiction.It is very scientific and packed with details about survival on Mars.Watney is a botanist (植物学家) and engineer, and he begins to grow food and produce water in his artificial camp.The author is Andy Weir, and this is his first published book.In it he has created a realistic character.There is a lot of humor in the story, and the reader can identify with the emotions (although no one can really imagine what it's like to be on Mars).Watney admits at the beginning that he is in deep trouble, but he never gives up.What The Martian gives us is a realistic look at an intelligent person alone on a planet who tries to survive. 答案　1～5　CBABC　6～10　AAABA 11～15　BABCA　16～20　AACBA 第二部分　阅读 第一节 A——[语篇解读]　本文为一篇应用文。文章介绍了四本关于太空和太阳系的儿童读物。 21.C　推理判断题。根据Mae among the Stars by Stasia Burrington的第二、三句“It was inspired by the first African American woman in space, Mae Jemison. It tells the story of Mae as a little girl, who always knew she had big dreams about space.”，而Space by Libby Jackson的第一句“This beautifully illustrated book gives kids a look at 50 women from around the world who were involved in exploring space in some way, from the 19th century to the present day.”可知，《星际漫游》和《太空漫游》的共同之处是：它们都涉及那些探索太空的女性。故选C。 22.C　推理判断题。根据Chasing Space by Leland Melvin的“Kids will love reading his story about how he faced challenges and advanced ahead, and he also includes DIY experiments for kids to try, and a section of full­color photographs.”可知，对实验感兴趣的孩子会被Leland Melvin的书吸引。故选C。 23.D　细节理解题。根据System and Beyond by David A.Aguilar的“Unlike other kids' space book, this is a National Geographic book written and illustrated by an award­winning astronomer and space artist. Aguilar is also the former Director of Science Information and Public Outreach at the Harvard­Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics.”可知，这本《系统及其他》与其他读物的不同之处是作者本人的身份是天文学家，能为读者提供专家的观点和对主题的见解。故选D。 B——[语篇解读]　这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了中国的企业将技术创新应用于空间站，为空间站的开发贡献了力量。 24.C　推理判断题。根据第二段关键句“Tang Hongbo, who was a member of the Shenzhou manned spacecraft, said in the news that during his three month trip, he could eat hot food with just half­hour efforts, a contrast to the past when similar attempts required several hours.(汤洪波是神舟载人飞船的一员，他在新闻中说，在三个月的旅程中，他只需半小时的努力就可以吃到热腾腾的食物，这与过去类似的尝试需要几个小时形成了鲜明对比。)”可知，神舟载人飞船的成员说想要吃到热腾腾的食物，过去需要几个小时，但有了移动太空厨房，只需要半小时就可以吃到，由此可知，宇航员认为九阳的移动太空厨房是节省时间的。故选C。 25.A　推理判断题。根据第三段关键句“In the past, most foods couldn't be directly heated in a microwave oven in the space.(在过去，大多数食物不能在太空中的微波炉中直接加热。)”和“To solve the problem, Joyoung has developed equipment that gives out hot air to heat vegetables in a 360­degree way.That enables astronauts to eat steaming­hot fish­flavoured pork and Gongbao chicken, a spicy, stir­fried Chinese dish.(为了解决这个问题，九阳开发了一种设备，可以360度释放热空气来加热蔬菜。这使宇航员能够吃到热气腾腾的鱼香肉丝和宫保鸡丁，宫保鸡丁是一种辛辣的中国炒菜。)”可知，作者将过去和现在进行对比，在过去，大多数食物不能在太空中的微波炉中直接加热，但有了九阳开发的设备，宇航员能够吃到热气腾腾的饭菜，由此可知，作者通过对比来展示神舟载人飞船上的便利性。故选A。 26.A　标题归纳题。通读全文，结合根据最后一段关键句“Besides Joyoung, a group of companies, including Xiaomi Corp and Huawei Technologies, have contributed their technologies to the development of the space station.(除了九阳，包括小米公司和华为技术公司在内的一批公司也为空间站的开发贡献了他们的技术。)”可知，最后一段告诉我们，除了九阳，还有很多其他公司也为空间站的开发贡献了他们的技术，由此可知，最后一段想展示有更多的技术应用于航天器。故选A。 27.B　主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第二段关键句“Members of China's Shenzhou manned space flight last year, however, were able to enjoy such food, thanks to Joyoung, a Chinese firm.Joyoung created a mobile space kitchen for the astronauts.(然而，多亏了中国九阳公司，去年中国神舟载人航天飞行的成员能够享受到这样的食物，九阳为宇航员创建了一个移动式太空厨房。)”和最后一段关键句“Besides Joyoung, a group of companies, including Xiaomi Corp and Huawei Technologies, have contributed their technologies to the development of the space station.(除了九阳，包括小米公司和华为技术公司在内的一批公司也为空间站的开发贡献了他们的技术。)”可知，本文主要介绍了中国的企业将技术创新应用于空间站，为空间站的开发贡献了力量，增加了企业价值，“Earth to Space, Firms Add Value by Creating Technology”意为“从地球到太空，企业通过创造技术增加价值”，选项能够概括文章主要内容。故选B。 C——[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了未来人们在火星上生活的情景。 28.B　推理判断题。根据文章第三段第一句“It shows a house built using recycled spacecraft (航天器) parts and Martian soil, called regolith, which has been microwaved into bricks”可知，房屋使用了回收的航天器，这样的设计显示了环境保护的理念。故选B。 29.A　词义猜测题。根据画线词前面的“Keep working? Get more exercise? Or learn something new？”可知，这是一些退休后的具体打算，同时根据画线词后面的 “ you might have to move further than you were thinking”可知，画线词表示推迟这些打算。故选A。 30.C　细节理解题。根据最后一段“ The private companies' participation has forced government agencies to speed up their game”可知，私人公司的参加迫使政府机构积极起来。故选C。 31.D　主旨大意题。根据第二段第一句中的 “ the first­ever Mars show home, giving earthlings (地球人) an idea of what their life could look like on the Red Planet”和下面几个段落的内容可知，本篇文章主要讲述了未来在火星上生活的具体情况。故选D。 D——[语篇解读]　这是一篇议论文。主要讲的是以人类是否应该探索太空为话题而展开的讨论，论述了探索太空的重要性。 32.D　细节理解题。根据第二段“The exploitation of space has a direct impact on the lives of humans, as well as the state of our world.Satellites moving around the earth enable communication, across the world, connecting people of different continents and broadcasting information worldwide.The Global Positioning System(GPS) can identify our location anywhere.Furthermore, weather satellites can forecast harmful weather conditions which allows humans to prepare for deadly natural disasters and save lives.(太空探索直接影响着人类的生活，也影响着我们这个世界的现状。环绕地球运行的卫星使全世界的通信成为可能，将不同大陆的人们联系起来，向全世界广播信息。全球定位系统(GPS)可以在任何地方确定我们的位置。此外，气象卫星可以预测有害的天气状况，这使人类能够为致命的自然灾害做好准备，挽救生命。)”可知，根据第二段，太空探索可以帮助人类交流和传播信息。故选D。 33.A　细节理解题。根据第三段“Space programs can also indirectly contribute to the solution to poverty and world hunger.For example, large plots of land could be used far better if humans applied technologies.The most effective tool is the artificial earth satellite.It can screen areas of land within a very short time, indicating useful measures such as the condition of crops, soil rainfall, and droughts.It can then transmit this information to ground stations on the earth for better use.(太空计划还可以间接地解决贫困和世界饥饿问题。例如，如果人类应用技术，大片土地可以得到更好地利用。最有效的工具是人造地球卫星。它可以在很短的时间内筛选土地面积，显示有用的措施，如作物状况、土壤、降雨和干旱。然后，它可以将这些信息传输到地球上的地面站，以便更好地利用。)”可知，太空计划利用人造地球卫星造福农作物生产来帮助解决贫困和世界饥饿问题。故选A。 34.C　观点态度题。根据倒数第二段中“With the advancement of space technology, it will be wise to use and explore the vast potential of other planets, such as the availability of mining resources on asteroids or other planets.(随着太空技术的进步，利用和探索其他行星的巨大潜力将是明智的，例如小行星或其他行星上的采矿资源的可用性。)”可推知，作者对在其他星球上开采资源这一行为认为是有必要的。故选C。 35.A　标题归纳题。根据第一段“Should humans explore space? If you ask me, I'll definitely give a positive answer.(人类应该探索太空吗？如果你问我，我一定会给你肯定的答复。)”以及最后一段“For the exploration of the universe, perhaps the most advantageous of all is that it will unite us to work together for a common purpose, regardless of our differences.(对于宇宙的探索来说，也许最有利的是它将把我们团结起来，为了一个共同的目标而努力，不管我们有什么分歧。)”结合文章主要讲的是人类是否应该探索太空为此话题而展开的讨论，论述了探索太空的重要性。可知，A选项“为什么太空探索很重要？”最符合文章标题。故选A。 第二节 [语篇解读]　这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了太空探索的好处。 36.G　下文“Well, the answer is simple.(答案很简单。)”可知，空处是一个问题，结合下文“The benefits of space, including medical, technological and economic benefits, are more than the dangers of it.(太空带来的好处，包括医疗、技术和经济上的好处，远远大于它带来的危险。)”介绍太空探索带来的好处远远大于它的危险，可知，空处应该是在问为什么需要探索太空，G项“为什么我们要花这么多的时间和金钱去探索危险的环境？”符合，选项中关键词dangerous和空后照应词dangers。故选G。 37.F　根据小标题“Medical benefits(医疗好处)”可知，本段主要介绍太空探索的医疗好处，F项“太空探索的医学益处覆盖到人体的每个部分”符合，选项中The medical benefits呼应标题，故选F。 38.B　根据小标题下的“The space race has led to technological advancements in the shortest period of time, such as vacuum­sealed(真空密封的)food, fireproof materials and modern vacuum cleaners.(太空竞赛在最短的时间内带来了技术进步，如真空密封食品、防火材料和现代真空吸尘器。)”可知，本段主要讲述了太空探索带来了科技的进步，B项“新技术的发展。”适合作本段的小标题。故选B。 39.D　根据空前句“The space race has led to technological advancements in the shortest period of time, such as vacuum­sealed(真空密封的)food, fireproof materials and modern vacuum cleaners.(太空竞赛在最短的时间内带来了技术进步，如真空密封食品、防火材料和现代真空吸尘器。)”可知，太空竞赛带来了科技进步，如真空密封食品、防火材料和现代真空吸尘器，D项“今天，我们仍然在日常生活中使用它们”承接上文，其中them代指上文提到的“vacuum­sealed(真空密封的)food, fireproof materials and modern vacuum cleaners”。故选D。 40.E　上文“Space exploration is one of the industries that require the largest percentage of STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) jobs.A lot of those jobs are positions for engineers, data analysts, doctors, biologists and so on.Although these positions require highly qualified people to fill them, they are some of the highest­paid jobs in the market.(太空探索是需要大量STEM(科学、技术、工程和数学)工作的行业之一。很多这样的工作都是工程师、数据分析师、医生、生物学家等等的职位。尽管这些职位需要高素质的人才来填补，但它们是市场上薪酬最高的工作之一。)”可知，太空探索创造了高薪工作，E项“因此，不断发展的太空产业创造了高薪工作。”符合，是对前文的总结，空前关键词the highest­paid jobs呼应选项中的high­paid jobs。故选E。 第三部分　语言运用 第一节 [语篇解读]　这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国航天局的“好奇号”火星探测器在火星上的任务及发现。 41.A　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：火星曾经是一个水的世界。A.watery水的，含水的；B.dusty布满灰尘的；C.sandy含沙的；D.grassy长满草的。根据下文“Gale Crater used to hold a __47__ filled with water”提到火星上的Gale Crater有很多水可知，火星曾经是一个水的世界，故选A。 42.D　考查副词词义辨析。句意：最神秘的是，这颗红色星球上曾经存在生命吗？A.quickly快速地；B.certainly当然；C.dangerously危险地；D.mysteriously神秘地。结合下文“did life once exist on this Red Planet？”以及下文“Its mission: to __43__ whether Mars was once a place where living things could __44__.”提到任务是探测火星上是否有生命可知，此处指最神秘的是，这颗红色星球上曾经存在生命吗？故选D。 43.D　考查动词短语辨析。句意：它的任务是：弄清楚火星是否曾经是生物可以生存的地方。A.get over克服；B.make up构成；C.look for寻找；D.figure out弄清楚。下文“whether Mars was once a place”表示疑问，故此处指任务是弄清楚火星是否曾经有生命，故选D。 44.B　考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.grow长大，成长；B.survive生存；C.move移动；D.gather聚集。结合上文“did life once exist on this Red Planet？”可知，此处指火星是否曾经是生物可以生存的地方，故选B。 45.A　考查名词词义辨析。句意：探测器从Gale Crater开始了它的旅程。A.journey旅程；B.goal目标；C.performance表演；D.struggle挣扎。上文“NASA's Curiosity rover (探测器) landed on Mars”提到，好奇号探测器降落在火星上，此处指它从Gale Crater开始了它的旅程，故选A。 46.C　考查动词词义辨析。句意：美国宇航局让探测器在那里着陆是因为Gale Crater曾经有一个充满水的湖泊。A.hang悬挂；B.work工作；C.land降落，着陆；D.pull拉。根据上文“NASA's Curiosity rover (探测器) landed on Mars”以及“The rover started its __45__ in a place called Gale Crater.”可知，探测器在火星上的Gale Crater着陆，故选C。 47.D　考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.street街道；B.plate盘子；C.pool水池；D.lake湖泊。根据空后“filled with water”以及本段末句中“Gale Crater was once a lake”可知，Gale Crater曾经有一个充满水的湖泊，故选D。 48.B　考查动词词义辨析。句意：探测器到达那里后，用机载仪器分析了Gale Crater的一些岩石。A.broke打破；B.analyzed分析；C.obtained获得；D.adjusted调整。根据“some rocks in Gale Crater with onboard instruments”以及下文“And it found minerals...”可知，此处指用机载仪器分析了Gale Crater的一些岩石，并有所发现，故选B。 49.D　考查动词词义辨析。句意：它发现了含有水分的矿物质。A.waken醒来；B.lifted举起；C.lit点燃；D.locked锁，使固定。关系代词that指代minerals，指里面锁有水分的矿物质，故选D。 50.A　考查名词词义辨析。句意：根据探测器收集的数据，地球上的科学和工程团队能够确认Gale Crater曾经是一个湖泊。A.data数据；B.tips建议；C.tricks技巧；D.tests测试。根据上文提到分析岩石以及空后“the rover collected”可知，此处指探测器收集的数据，故选A。 51.C　考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.admit承认；B.invent发明；C.confirm确认；D.accept接受。根据“Gale Crater was once a lake”可知，此处指根据数据能够确认Gale Crater曾经是一个湖泊，故选C。 52.A　考查名词词义辨析。句意：火星车带到火星的工具之一是激光。A.tools工具；B.projects项目，工程；C.orders订单，命令；D.facts事实。根据“a laser (激光器)”可知，此处指工具，故选A。 53.C　考查名词词义辨析。句意：探测器在火星岩石中的发现告诉科学家，在火星过去的某个时刻，大气中有大量的氧气，这是大多数生命所必需的。A.success成功；B.attempt尝试；C.discovery发现；D.position位置。根据上文“And it found minerals that had water __49__ up in it.”以及空后“tells scientists”可知，此处指探测器在火星岩石中的发现告诉科学家火星上曾经有氧气，故选C。 54.D　考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.length长度；B.level水平；C.height高度；D.point点，时刻。根据空后“in Mars'past”可知，此处指在火星过去的某些时候，at some point“在某些时候”，故选D。 55.D　考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.sign标志；B.rule规则；C.will意愿；D.must必要条件，必须要做的事。which指代先行词oxygen，结合空后“for most life”和常识可知，氧气是大多数生命所必需的，故选D。 第二节 [语篇解读]　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了嫦娥六号探测器在月球背面着陆、采集样本并成功升空返回的最新科研进展，以及这一任务的重要意义、面临的挑战、国际合作情况和中国政府的国际合作态度。 56.collected　考查非谓语动词。句意：在完成了月球探险中最重要的部分后，它的上升器于周二上午从月球背面升空，它携带着一个存放着两天中收集的样本密封容器。第二空为本句谓语，此处为非谓语动词，且samples与collect“收集”之间为逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语。故填collected。 57.lifted　考查动词时态。句意：同上。设空处作谓语根据“on Tuesday morning”可知本句描述的是过去的事件，应用一般过去时，谓语用lift的过去式。故填lifted。 58.has landed　考查动词时态。句意：这一激动人心的消息表明，中国至今是世界上唯一一个两次登陆月球背面并成功采集月球土壤的国家。根据“up to now”可知，that引导的定语从句的时态应用现在完成时，主语that代替先行词China，视为第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has landed。 59.and　考查连词。句意：同上。has landed on the far side of the moon twice与successfully collected lunar soil from it是并列关系，用连词and连接。故填and。 60.innovations　考查名词的数。句意：嫦娥六号的任务涉及多项工程创新、高风险和巨大困难。由“many”可知，此处需用名词innovation“创新”的复数形式。故填innovations。 61.to conduct　考查非谓语动词。句意：在南极艾特肯盆地预选的着陆点较低，陨石坑较多，测量难度较大。it作形式宾语，本空为真正的宾语，用conduct“实施”的不定式。故填to conduct。 62.of　考查介词。句意：因此，当嫦娥六号着陆器拍摄的一系列图像传回地面时，所有中国人都对这一非凡成就感到非常兴奋。series of为固定搭配，意为“一系列”。故填of。 63.remarkable　考查形容词。句意：同上。此处应用形容词remarkable“非凡的”，修饰achievement，作前置定语。故填remarkable。 64.definitely　考查副词。句意：嫦娥六号还搭载了来自欧洲航天局、法国、意大利和巴基斯坦的国际载荷，这无疑凸显了中国探月项目的“国际风格”。此处应用副词definitely“肯定，当然，确实”，修饰动词highlights，作状语。故填definitely。 65.the　考查冠词。句意：中国外交部发言人毛宁表示，中国愿在平等、和平利用的基础上深化航空航天领域的国际合作，与世界各国共享成果。on the basis of为固定搭配，意为“基于”。故填the。 第四部分　写作 第一节 One possible version： Dear_Whitman， How_are_things_going_recently?_With_the_successful_launch_of_Shenzhou_16_on_May_30,_2023,_more and more students are interested in space exploration. Last week, our school held a Science and Technology Week with the theme of space exploration, which was very informative and interesting.We were fortunate to have Professor Yang, a renowned scientist, give a lecture on space exploration, which was very enlightening.In addition, there was a photo exhibition on space exploration that showcased China's aerospace history and the heroic deeds of astronauts. Attending this event really broadened my horizons and helped me gain a deeper understanding of space exploration. Well,_let_me_stop_here.Looking_forward_to_your_letter. Yours， Li_Hua 第二节 One possible version： But no more helicopters came and it was getting dark again.Jane could hear howls of animals far away in the forest. Frightened, she managed to make a fire. Only then did she feel a bit settled. She hurried to find some berries to eat when there was still dim light. After that, she came back to the fire. Staring at the flames, she saw Tom's face, as if he was telling her that he was to get her back. Soon Jane couldn't help falling asleep. It was daybreak and Jane woke up.After eating some berries, she set to walk along the stream. With no more helicopters coming, she knew this could be the only way to lead her out of the forest, and at least she could drink from the stream. She walked on and on. To her great joy, she found the stream grew wider.“Probably I'll be at the edge of the forest next minute.” Jane felt great strength come to her body. She quickened her pace. After a while, she saw the lake and then their car and Tom. Wildly excited, she waved her yellow blouse and shouted，“Tom, I'm here！” 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 测试卷(八)　B卷　单元仿真训练卷(4) (本卷满分：150分　测试时间：120分钟) 第一部分　听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1.What are the speakers talking about? A.A hotel.　　　　B.An airport.　　　　C.A hospital. 2.What does the man suggest doing? A.Going fishing. B.Staying at home. C.Buying some books. 3.Why has the event been put off? A.The woman's mother is ill. B.The man forgot to buy balloons. C.The woman has failed to bake a cake. 4.Who cooked the chicken? A.A cook. B.The man. C.The woman. 5.What does the woman think of the room? A.Warm. B.Hot. C.Cold. 第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6.What did the woman buy in the mall? A.Some shoes. B.A dress. C.A pair of pants. 7.Where did the man probably go last Saturday? A.A restaurant. B.A movie theater. C.Molly's house. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8.How will the woman's Sunday be? A.Busy. B.Exciting. C.Boring. 9.What will the woman do on Sunday afternoon? A.Go to the cinema. B.See the dentist. C.Water the garden. 听第8段材料，回答第10～12题。 10.What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A.Classmates. B.Colleagues. C.Teacher and student. 11.When will the woman get the result of the in­person interview? A.A few months later. B.In less than a month. C.After graduation. 12.What does the man plan to do? A.Focus on his studies. B.Attend job interviews. C.Look for solutions. 听第9段材料，回答第13～16题。 13.How many kids does the woman have? A.One. B.Two. C.Four. 14.What type of car is the woman looking for? A.Something fast. B.Something safe for kids. C.Something with enough space. 15.Why does the man introduce the Honda at first? A.It has four doors. B.It is the latest style. C.It is cheaper than SUVs. 16.What is the woman's final decision? A.She'll buy the Honda. B.She'll consider the SUV. C.She still needs to think about it. 听第10段材料，回答第17～20题。 17.What does Andy Weir do? A.He's a writer. B.He's an engineer. C.He's an astronaut. 18.What is the topic of The Martian? A.Planets in space. B.Life on a ship. C.Survival on Mars. 19.What does Mark Watney do on Mars? A.He writes a book. B.He grows food in his camp. C.He makes new discoveries. 20.What is the speaker's attitude toward Mark Watney? A.Admiring. B.Doubtful. C.Dissatisfied. 第二部分　阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A (2024·安徽安庆期末)For children, space is magical—a whole world is out there, with so many things to learn and stories to read. Here are some children's books about space and the solar system. Mae among the Stars by Stasia Burrington This beautifully illustrated picture book is attractive to young kids. It was inspired by the first African American woman in space, Mae Jemison. It tells the story of Mae as a little girl, who always knew she had big dreams about space. This is a great addition to a young kid's collection, as a reminder to hold tight to dreams and never give up. Space by Libby Jackson This beautifully illustrated book gives kids a look at 50 women from around the world who were involved in exploring space in some way, from the 19th century to the present day. This is a perfect gift for young kids who want to know more about some of the lesser­known scientific achievements related to space exploration. Chasing Space by Leland Melvin This is Melvin's story about being a football player­turned­astronaut, along with his recovery from an injury that nearly left him deaf. Kids will love reading his story about how he faced challenges and advanced ahead, and he also includes DIY experiments for kids to try, and a section of full­color photographs. System and Beyond by David A.Aguilar The book is full of beautiful illustrations of space, and is perfect for kids of all ages, exploring various planets and the solar system. Unlike other kids' space book, this is a National Geographic book written and illustrated by an award­winning astronomer and space artist. Aguilar is also the former Director of Science Information and Public Outreach at the Harvard­Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics. 21.What do Mae among the Stars and Space have in common? A.They include less­known astronauts. B.They tell about scientists' childhood. C.They cover women exploring space. D.They are suitable for children of all ages. 22.Whose book attracts children showing interest in experiments? A.Stasia Burrington's.　　 B.Libby Jackson's. C.Leland Melvin's. D.David A.Aguilar's. 23.What is unique to System and Beyond? A.It has beautiful pictures. B.It tells about space artists. C.It has won many grand awards. D.It was written by an astronomer. B (2024·河北张家口高一统考)It's easy for consumers to buy food and drinks like a bowl of hot rice and coke online or from neighbourhood shops, but for astronauts such things were impossible in the past. Members of China's Shenzhou manned space flight last year, however, were able to enjoy such food, thanks to Joyoung, a Chinese firm.Joyoung created a mobile space kitchen for the astronauts.A drinking water machine, an air heater and a soybean milk maker were all accessible in the kitchen through a smart app.Tang Hongbo, who was a member of the Shenzhou manned spacecraft, said in the news that during his three month trip, he could eat hot food with just half­hour efforts, a contrast to the past when similar attempts required several hours.“If we had time, we would also use equipment to eat homemade yogurt.We could also control the equipment in the space kitchen through mobile phone apps，” he said. In the past, most foods couldn't be directly heated in a microwave oven in the space.Conduction equipment often caused uneven (不均匀的) heating.An astronaut had to spend as long as four hours to heat some vegetables in the space kitchen.To solve the problem, Joyoung has developed equipment that gives out hot air to heat vegetables in a 360­degree way.That enables astronauts to eat steaming­hot fish­flavoured pork and Gongbao chicken, a spicy, stir­fried Chinese dish. Besides Joyoung, a group of companies, including Xiaomi Corp and Huawei Technologies, have contributed their technologies to the development of the space station.A vacuum (真空) cleaner enabled haircuts on the spacecraft possible.NOLO VR, a Chinese virtual reality manufacturer, has helped astronauts develop an experimental equipment through which laboratory technicians on the ground can see and experience what astronauts are doing in the space. 24.What do astronauts think of Joyoung's mobile space kitchen? A.Water­saving.　　　　　 B.Energy­wasting. C.Time­saving. D.Money­wasting. 25.How does the author show the convenience on Shenzhou manned spacecraft? A.By making contrasts. B.By analyzing results. C.By providing pictures. D.By answering questions. 26.What does the last paragraph want to show? A.There is more tech for the spacecraft. B.Joyoung needs to further its technology. C.Astronauts on board can do as they wish. D.What astronauts are doing is significant. 27.What is the best title of the text? A.Modern Technology Brings Convenience to Human Beings B.Earth to Space, Firms Add Value by Creating Technology C.The Hot Diet on the Space Station Needs to be Addressed D.Manufacturers Make Big Profits from Inventing Equipment C What are your retirement plans? Keep working? Get more exercise? Or learn something new? You may put_them_on_hold. There's a chance that, sooner or later, you might have to move further than you were thinking, as far as mars. On Thursday, National Geographic will show the first­ever Mars show home, giving earthlings (地球人) an idea of what their life could look like on the Red Planet. In the not­so­distant year of 2037, the igloo­shaped structure could be the home of your future. It shows a house built using recycled spacecraft (航天器) parts and Martian soil, called regolith, which has been microwaved into bricks. Some parts of the home are recognizable—a kitchen, a bedroom—but there are fundamental differences that are important to human survival. As the Martian atmosphere is around one hundredth as thick as the Earth's, people will need permanent (永久的) shelter from the sun; society will move largely indoors. Most buildings will be connected by underground passages and the houses won't have windows. The homes will have simulated solar lighting, or natural light that has been bent several times. Walls will need to be 10 to 12 feet thick to protect people from dangerous rays (光线) that can pass through six feet of steel, and a double air­locked entrance to keep the home under proper pressure. “We don't think of our houses as things that keep us alive, but on Mars your house will be a survival centre，” says Stephen Petranek, author of How We'll Live on Mars. This is not just the stuff of sci­fi. “10 to 20 years from now there will certainly be people, on Mars.” Petranek says. “We've had the technology for 30 years to land people on Mars, but we haven't had the will，” Petranek says. But two main factors have “completely swung public attitudes”. The private companies' participation has forced government agencies to speed up their game, and influential films such as Gravity and The Martian have caught society's eye. 28.What can we know about the show home from the text? A.It has no windows or doors due to security concern. B.Its design presents the idea of environmental protection. C.It has thick walls keeping the home under proper pressure. D.Its underground passages connect all the building together. 29.What do the underlined words “put them on hold” in Paragraph 1 probably mean? A.Put them off. B.Give them away. C.Carry them through. D.Take them seriously. 30.According to Petranek, what has sped up the process of sending people to Mars? A.The great influence of the Mars show home. B.The development of related technology. C.The competition from private companies. D.The popularity of influential books on Mars. 31.What is the best title for the text? A.Living on Mars: Possible or Not B.Sending People to Mars: Yes or No C.First­ever show home: How Is It Made D.Future Home on Mars: What Will It Be Like D (2025·沈阳高一联考)Should humans explore space? If you ask me, I'll definitely give a positive answer. The exploitation (开发) of space has a direct impact on the lives of humans, as well as the state of our world.Satellites moving around the earth enable communication across the world，connecting people of different continents and broadcasting information worldwide.The Global Positioning System (GPS) can identify our location anywhere.Furthermore, weather satellites can forecast harmful weather conditions which allows humans to prepare for deadly natural disasters and save lives. Space programs can also indirectly contribute to the solution to poverty and world hunger.For example, large plots of land could be used far better if humans applied technologies.The most effective tool is the artificial earth satellite.It can screen areas of land within a very short time, indicating useful measures such as the condition of crops, soil rainfall, and droughts.It can then transmit this information to ground stations on the earth for better use. In recent years, space­based technologies have become an important factor to reach and expand global health objectives.Information provided by remote technologies can be applied to study the epidemiology (流行病学).This data provided by space technologies can monitor disease patterns, understand the environmental causes that spread it, make predictions about where it can spread in the future, and make plans to fight it efficiently. Furthermore, access to better education means better life prospects and opportunities for human beings.Rural communities have disadvantaged access to education and satellite communication technologies are trying to bridge this gap.With the advancement of technology, students can now access any information and connect with peers and teachers in different parts of the world via video conferences and the creation of virtual classrooms. Space exploration is something we can do for future generations.Mankind is using the resources provided on the planet, but these will run out one day.Overpopulation can be an existential threat for all mankind.With the advancement of space technology, it will be wise to use and explore the vast potential of other planets, such as the availability of mining resources on asteroids or other planets. For the exploration of the universe, perhaps the most advantageous of all is that it will unite us to work together for a common purpose, regardless of our differences. 32.What can space exploitation do according to Paragraph 2? A.Improve the traffic on the earth. B.Promote travel between countries. C.Help prevent deadly natural disasters. D.Help humans communicate and exchange information. 33.How can space programs help with poverty and world hunger? A.By benefiting crop production with artificial earth satellites. B.By transporting food worldwide more easily. C.By creating job opportunities for the poor. D.By protecting available land resources. 34.What does the author think of mining resources on other planets? A.Time­wasting. B.Arguable. C.Necessary. D.Educational. 35.What would be the best title for the text? A.Why Space Exploration Is Important? B.Why Humankind Should Keep Exploring? C.Why We Should Improve Space Technology? D.Why Humans Should Keep Developing Technologies? 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Benefits of Space Exploration On April 12, 1961, the Russian astronaut Yuri Gagarin became the first human to journey to outer space.The age of space exploration started that day.__36__. Well, the answer is simple.The benefits of space, including medical, technological and economic benefits, are more than the dangers of it. ●Medical benefits __37__. Analyzing the effects of zero­gravity on blood circulation(循环)led to many discoveries on how to prevent some types of heart failure.And the experiments and measurements of bone strength and bone loss in astronauts have helped doctors better understand bone diseases. ●__38__ The space race has led to technological advancements in the shortest period of time, such as vacuum­sealed(真空密封的)food, fireproof materials and modern vacuum cleaners.__39__. Yet, we even don't know that some NASA engineers originally developed them for the Apollo program that took humankind to the moon.As you can see, it is important for us to keep pushing the limits of space exploration.Who knows what kind of new technologies could be developed that will make our lives easier in the future. ●Creation of STEM jobs Space exploration is one of the industries that require the largest percentage of STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) jobs.A lot of those jobs are positions for engineers, data analysts, doctors, biologists and so on.Although these positions require highly qualified people to fill them, they are some of the highest­paid jobs in the market.__40__. A.Space tourism industry B.Development of new technologies C.Is exploring space a waste of time and money D.Today, we still use them in our daily lives E.So, the growing space industry creates high­paid jobs F.The medical benefits of space exploration reach every area of the human body G.Why should we spend so much time and money to explore dangerous environments 第三部分　语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 (2024·河南许昌期末)In many ways, Mars is like Earth's twin. But in many more ways, Mars is nothing like Earth. Mars was once a __41__ world. But what happened to Mars? And most __42__， did life once exist on this Red Planet? On August 5, 2012, NASA's Curiosity rover (探测器) landed on Mars. Its mission: to __43__ whether Mars was once a place where living things could __44__. The rover started its __45__ in a place called Gale Crater. It's a huge crater (坑), stretching 154 kilometers wide. In the center is a mountain called Mount Sharp. NASA let the rover __46__ there because Gale Crater used to hold a __47__ filled with water. After the rover got there, it __48__ some rocks in Gale Crater with onboard instruments. And it found minerals that had water __49__ up in it. With the __50__ the rover collected, the science and engineering teams on Earth were able to __51__ that Gale Crater was once a lake. One of the__52__ the rover brought to Mars was a laser (激光器). It was used to study the composition of rocks and found molecules (分子) which contain oxygen. The rover's __53__ in Mars' rocks tells scientists that at some __54__ in Mars' past, there was a lot of oxygen in the atmosphere, which is a __55__ for most life. Do you know what most living things need? Water and oxygen! Where there was water and oxygen, there might have been life. 41.A.watery B.dusty C.sandy D.grassy 42.A.quickly B.certainly C.dangerously D.mysteriously 43.A.get over B.make up C.look for D.figure out 44.A.grow B.survive C.move D.gather 45.A.journey B.goal C.performance D.struggle 46.A.hang B.work C.land D.pull 47.A.street B.plate C.pool D.lake 48.A.broke B.analyzed C.obtained D.adjusted 49.A.waken B.lifted C.lit D.locked 50.A.data B.tips C.tricks D.tests 51.A.admit B.invent C.confirm D.accept 52.A.tools B.projects C.orders D.facts 53.A.success B.attempt C.discovery D.position 54.A.length B.level C.height D.point 55.A.sign B.rule C.will D.must 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 (2024·河南驻马店期末)Chang'e 6 probe touched down on the far side of the moon on Sunday morning. After completing the most important part of its lunar adventure, its ascender, carrying samples (样品) 56.________ (collect) over two days in a sealed container, 57.________ (lift) off from the moon's far side on Tuesday morning. This exciting news shows China is the only country in the world that 58.________ (land) on the far side of the moon twice 59.________ successfully collected lunar soil from it up to now. The mission of Chang'e 6 involves many engineering 60.________ (innovation), high risks and great difficulties. The far side of the moon is covered with rocks. The pre­selected landing area in the South Pole­Aitken Basin is lower and there are more impact craters, making it difficult 61.________ (conduct) measurement. Therefore, when the series 62.________ images taken by the Chang'e 6 lander were sent back to the ground, all the Chinese people were very excited about this 63.________ (remark) achievement. Chang'e 6 also carries international payloads from the European Space Agency, France, Italy and Pakistan, which 64.________ (definite) highlights the “international style” of China's lunar exploration project. Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesperson Mao Ning said China is willing to deepen international cooperation in aerospace exchange on 65.________ basis of equality, peaceful use and share the achievements with countries around the world. 第四部分　写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 假如你是李华，你校上周举办了主题为太空探索的科技周活动，请你给美国的笔友Whitman写封信，跟他聊聊该活动， 内容要点如下： 1.活动背景：随着中国神舟十六号载人航天飞机于2023年5月30日成功发射，越来越多的同学对此感兴趣； 2.学校特邀请科学家杨教授来校作太空探索知识的讲座； 3.举办了太空探索图片展， 了解了中国航天史和航天英雄的事迹； 4.你的感受。 参考词汇：太空探索space exploration　科技周 Science and Technology Week　开阔视野 broaden one's horizons 注意：词数80左右， 开头及结尾已给出， 不计入总词数。 Dear Whitman， How are things going recently? With the successful launch of Shenzhou 16 on May 30, 2023，________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Well, let me stop here.Looking forward to your letter. Yours， Li Hua 第二节(满分25分) 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 One weekend in July, Jane and her husband, Tom, had driven three hours to camp overnight by a lake in the forest. Unfortunately, on the way an unpleasant subject came up and they started to quarrel. When they reached the lake, Jane was so angry that she said to Tom “I'm going to find a better spot for us to camp” and walked away. With no path to follow, Jane just walked on for quite a long time. After she had climbed to a high place, she turned around, hoping to see the lake.To her surprise, she saw nothing but the forest and，far beyond，a snowcapped mountain top. She suddenly realized that she was lost. “Tom！” she cried. “Help！” There was no reply. If only she had not left her mobile phone in that bag with Tom. Jane kept moving, but the farther she walked, the more confused she became. As night was beginning to fall, Jane was so tired that she had to stop for the night. Lying awake in the dark, Jane wanted very much to be with Tom and her family. She wanted to hold him and tell him how much she loved him. Jane rose at the break of day, hungry and thirsty. She could hear water trickling (滴) somewhere at a distance. Quickly she followed the sound to a stream. To her great joy, she also saw some berry bushes. She drank and ate a few berries. Never in her life had she tasted anything better. Feeling stronger, Jane began to walk along the stream and hoped it would lead her to the lake. As she picked her way carefully along the stream, Jane heard a helicopter.“Is that for me？” she thought. Unfortunately, the trees made it impossible for people to see her from above. A few minutes later, another helicopter flew overhead. Jane took off her yellow blouse, thinking that she should go to an open area and wave it if they came back again. 注意：1.续写的词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式作答。 But no more helicopters came and it was getting dark again.___________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ It was daybreak and Jane woke up.____________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$