精品解析：江西省安义中学2014-2015学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题

安义中学2014——2015学年度下学期期终考试 高一英语试题 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上 第一节(共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、 B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. How long has the man been a singer? A. For over twenty years. B. For about twenty years. C. For about ten years. 2.What does the man think the woman should do? A. Borrow Mary’s cellphone. B. Make a phone call some other time. C. Use the cellphone. 3. What may the woman have visited? A. Playgrouds. B. Museums. C. Theatres. 4. What are the two speakers mainly talking about? A. A new house. B. An appointment. C. Things to do today. 5. What are missing? A. An iPad mini and a cellphone. B. An iPad mini and two credit cards. C. A cellphone and two credit cards. 第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟。听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的做答时间。每段对话读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Why does the man most probably come here ? A. To go sight-seeing. B. To go on a business trip. C. To visit the woman. 7. How did the man get there? A. By train. B. By air. C. By car. 听第7段材料，回答第8,9题。 8. Why does the man call? A. To tell her about his delayed flight. B. To tell about a natural disaster. C. To ask if the woman is OK. 9. What has the storm led to? A. Some deaths and great damage B. Two deaths and eight injuries. C. Two injuries and great damage. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. What happened to the woman? A. She got the bag late. B. She got two bags. C. She got the wrong bag. 11. What will the man do? A. Have the bag delivered right away. B Deliver the bag in person. C. Give the money back to the woman. 12. How does the woman feel in the end? A. Angry. B. Worried. C. Satisfied. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. What day is it today? A.Thursday. B. Saturday. C. Friday. 14. Why didn’t the woman travel there longer? A. She didn’t enjoy her time there. B. She had to attend a meeting. C. She wanted to travel somewhere else. 15. How did the woman travel around the city? A. On foot and by bus. B. By train and ship. C. By bus and train. 16. What do we know about the city the woman traveled to? A. It is full of museums. B. There are lot of bridges. C. It is full of cultural relics. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. How long can a grey wolf live if raised by humans? A. Up to 20 years. B. For about 15 years. C. For at most 12 years. 18. What does the man say about wolves? A. They are cruel. B. There are not smart. C. They are social. 19. What does the man mention about wolves in the end? A. They like hunting deer. B. They can be widely seen. C. Their numbers have dropped. 20. What does the man do? A. A student. B. A radio program host. C. A teacher. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 30 分） 第一节 （共 10 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 20 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和 D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Harvard University in the United States has been ranked as the university with the best “reputation” in the world. The Times Higher Education magazine has listed 200 top universities all over the world based on how they are regarded by a group of international college teachers. That is to say the list measures how universities are regarded, rather than how they actually performed. A subjective, word-of-mouth (口碑的) quality such as “reputation” has genuine economic value for universities, said Simon Marginson, professor of higher education at the University of Melbourne in Australia. “Reputation is not just an impression, though it might be not as reliable as performance by objective indicators (客观指标),” said Prof Marginson. Based on the views of 13,000 college teachers around the world, it confirms the power of the big US universities, which dominate this list. Seven of the top 10 are US universities, headed by Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Furthermore, 14 of the top 20 are from the US. Cambridge is the highest ranking UK university in the list, in third place, with Oxford ranked as sixth. For students applying to university reputation might be hard to quantify, but was an important part of the attractiveness, said the president of Cambridge University’s students’ union, Rahul Mansigani. “Reputation makes a huge difference. If there is an idea that somewhere is great, it will get lots of good people applying whether it’s true or not. Factors such as a sense of history and the presence of outstanding college teachers were part of the reputation of Cambridge,” he said. 1. The underlined word “dominate” in Paragraph 5 probably means __________. A. affect B. decide C. control D. improve 2. What can be inferred from the text? A. No Asian universities are among the Top 10. B. At least five UK universities are among Top 20. C. The Times Higher Education magazine is from the US. D. Reputation affects students’ decisions when choosing universities. 3. Which of the following would be the best title of the passage? A. Turning ideas into reputation B. World’s best universities ranked in order of reputation C. The top 200 universities in the USA D. Reputable Universities attractive to more students B Lagoon Hostel–Pousada (0.28 Km » Rio de Janeiro) from BRL 110.00 Score from 3 reviews Superb 9.5 Rua Vitória Régia, 797, Casa, Rio de Janeiro 22471-190 Featuring an outdoor pool and BBQ facilities, Lagoon Hostel–Pousada offers quiet accommodation 2 km from Lagoa Rodrigo de Freitas and 5 km from Copacabana beach. Free Wi-Fi is available in all areas. With air conditioning, Hostel Lagoon offers single beds or double rooms featuring a private bathroom, flat-screen TV and cable channels. Rio de Janeiro Santos Dumont Airport is 12 km from the property. Oztel (0.48 Km » Rio de Janeiro) from BRL 49.90 Score from 212 reviews Excellent 7.7 Rua Pinheiro Guimarães, 91, Rio de Janeiro 22281-080 This hostel features accommodation with unique décor and free Wi-Fi and a stylish bar. Private rooms and dormitories are available. Botafogo Subway Station is 1 km away. The air-conditioned rooms at Oztel offer a modern bathroom and an LCD TV with cable channels. Dormitories include air conditioning and a private locker, while the bathroom is shared. Guests are advised to bring their own lock, or one can be purchased at the reception desk. Guests enjoy exotic drinks and gourmet snacks at the bar. Restaurants are found within 200 metres. Downtown Rio can be reached in a 15-minute bus ride. The Sugarloaf mount is 4 km away. Guests at Oztel can benefit from a daily breakfast buffet with seasonal fruits, natural juices and bread rolls. Guesthouse Claudia (0.52 Km » Rio de Janeiro) from BRL 200.00 Score from 10 reviews Exceptional 8.4 Rua Santa Clara, 397/ ap 402, Rio de Janeiro 22041-010 Guesthouse Claudia is located in Rio de Janeiro only 900 metres from popular Copacabana Beach. Free Wi-Fi access and a 24-hour reception are available. Guests can also make use of the shared lounge and a shared kitchen. Rooms here will provide a flat-screen TV with cable channels, a fan and shared bathroom facilities with a bathtub. The guesthouse is 8.8 km from Santos Dumont Airport, 9.6 km from Novo Rio Bus Station and 8 km from downtown Rio de Janeiro. Corcovado Mountain is 12.2 km away, while the famous Sugarloaf mount is 6.1 km from the property. Hotel Santa Clara (0.68 Km » Rio de Janeiro) from BRL 200.00 Score from 54 reviews Excellent 7.8 Rua Decio Vilares, 316, Rio de Janeiro 22041-040 Hotel Santa Clara is located in Bairro Peixoto, between the hills of Morro da Saudade and Morro de São João. It offers free Wi-Fi and air-conditioned rooms with cable TV. All guest rooms at Santa Clara enjoy wooden furnishings. Each is equipped with a telephone and a private bathroom. In-room breakfast is available. Guests can relax in the lounge area. 24-hour front desk service is also provided. Hotel Santa Clara is less than 10 km away from Santos Dumont Airport and just 500 metres from the famous Copacabana Beach. It is a 5-minute walk to Siqueira Campos Subway Station, and a 25-minute drive to Corcovado. 4. The advertisements about the four hotels are put in order of ______. A. the number of reviews of the guests B. the price of each room per night C. the shortest distance to Rio de Janeiro D. the score from the reviews of the guests 5. Desk service is provided around the clock at ______. A. Lagoon Hostel–Pousada and Oztel B. Oztel and Guesthouse Claudia C. Hotel Santa Clara and Lagoon Hostel–Pousada D. Guesthouse Claudia and Hotel Santa Clara 6. Hotel Santa Clara is different from the other three hotels in that ______. A. guests can watch cable TV in their room B. guests can order breakfast from room service C. each room is equipped with a private bathroom D. guests can have a rest in the lounge area C There is no doubt that leading a low-carbon lifestyle is a popular trend in the modern society, where a considerable number of individuals begin to undertake the responsibility to protect the environment. One of my Chinadialogue colleagues in Beijing recently bought a Philips energy-saving light bulb to replace a standard one. He was happy with his choice. It may have cost 30 yuan (just under US $ 4.50) — ten times the price of a filament (灯丝) bulb — but he wanted to save energy as part of his low-carbon lifestyle. And according to the shopkeeper, he would save, in the long run, much more than the 30 yuan he was spending. Yet only one month later, his expensive light bulb blew up, before he had saved even a small part of the purchase price. Will he stick to his high-cost, low-carbon lifestyle? China’s environmental organizations have started to advocate low-carbon lifestyles and the decrease of carbon footprints to help fight against climate change. But they have overlooked one fact: in China, low-carbon living comes at a high cost. It means buying energy-saving bulbs and appliances, and environmentally friendly building materials and daily goods．Cost can no longer be the only standard for purchases. An energy-saving and environmentally friendly product is more expensive than a standard alternative — whether it’s a simple light bulb or the house it shines. For average consumers, even buying an ordinary house is a huge burden. How can we persuade ordinary people to choose an energy-saving residence? This is not a trend they can afford to follow; perhaps this fashion is only for the rich. Most consumers today do not cause huge carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. Their responsibility lies not in choosing a low-carbon lifestyle today, but in avoiding a high-carbon life in the future. The principle of “common but differentiated (可区分的) responsibility” — a basis of sustainable (可持续的) development — can be applied here as well. In China, low-carbon living is still resisted by a lack of social infrastructure (基础设施). Even if your salary allows you to make that choice, nobody is there to help you accomplish it. Many so-called energy-saving buildings are even more energy-hungry than the average home. 7. What may probably be the best title of this passage? A. To purchase a cheap bulb — your wise alternative B. To live a low-carbon lifestyle — a promising but difficult purpose C. To choose an energy-saving residence — a must of your life D. To live a low-carbon lifestyle — each citizen’s responsibility 8. Why did the writer’s colleague get an energy-saving light bulb? A. He wanted to save some money. B. He was asked to do so by some organizations. C. He wanted to try living his low-carbon lifestyle. D. He wanted to use a more powerful light bulb. 9. We can infer from the passage that ________. A. it’s difficult for most Chinese to try to live a low-carbon lifestyle B. not all citizens have the same responsibility — live a low-carbon lifestyle C. using energy-saving bulbs and appliances is a fashion D. most Chinese families cannot afford to purchase an energy-saving residence 10. What is the writer’s attitude towards the low-carbon lifestyle? A. negative but wise B. optimistic and entertaining C. supportive but cautious D. positive and active 第二节 （共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 If you see a group of people dancing and singing on the street or in the railway station, you don’t need to feel surprised. They are a flash mob. Who are they? Are they mobs (暴民)? ____11____ Actually, a flash mob is a group of people who gather suddenly in a public place, do something unusual for a brief period of time, and then quickly separate. A flash mob is usually organized with the help of the Internet or other digital communications networks. ____12____ At a predetermined time, they gather and perform some tasks such as exchanging books, coming together to look at the sky, waving their hands and yelling something at the top of their lungs for 30 seconds. Then, they quickly disappear before the police can arrive. Bill Wasik, senior editor of Harper’s Magazine, organized the first flash mob in Manhattan in May 2003 and the first successful flash mob gathered on June 3, 2003 at Macy’s department store. More than one hundred people stepped onto the ninth floor carpet department of Macy’s department store, gathering around an expensive carpet. Following this flash mob, about 200 people flooded into the lounge of the Hyatt hotel and applauded for about fifteen seconds. ____13____ Flash mob gatherings can sometimes shock people. Such an activity might seem amusing, but it might also frighten people who are not aware of what is taking place. ____14____ They also have enormous economic potential, such as using flash mobs to advertise a product. ____15____ People use it to do many things. For example, in 2009, Michael Jackson’s fans took part in a flash mob to remember him. Hundreds of his fans gathered outside the railway station in Liverpool. They were singing and dancing Michael’s famous song “Beat It” together. And in another example, some people took part in a flash mob to tell more people not to use negative words. Flash mobs give people from all walks of life an opportunity to come together to create a memory. A. People are attracted by the silly and harmless activities. B. Don’t be confused by their name. C. Using mobile phones, the flash mob can change their gathering place. D. The flash mob is now becoming more and more popular. E. Undoubtedly, flash mobs can serve as good political tools in any direction. F. A later mob saw hundreds of people in Central Park making bird noises. G. The messages may be forwarded to friends, who forward to more people. 第三部分 英语知识运用 （共两节，满分45） 第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题15分，满分30分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Scientists find that hard-working people live longer than average men and women. Career women are ____16____ than housewives. Evidence shows that ____17____are in poorer health than the job-holders. A study shows that ____18____ the unemployment rate increases by 1%, the death rate increases correspondingly by 2%. All this comes down to one point: Work is helpful to health. Why is work good for health? It is because work ____19____ people busy, ____20____ loneliness and solitude (独居). Researches show that people feel unhappy, ____21____ and lonely when they have nothing to do. Instead, the happiest are those who are ____22____. Many high achievers who love their careers feel that they are happiest when they are working hard. Work serves as ____23____ between man and reality. By work, people ____24____ each other. By collective activity, they find friendship and warmth. This is helpful to health. The loss of work ____25____ the loss of everything. It affects man spiritually and ____26____ him liable (likely to be affected by) to disease. ____27____ work gives one a sense of fulfillment and a sense of ____28____. Work makes one feel his value and status in society. When ____29____ finishes his writing or a doctor successfully ____30____ a patient or a teacher sees his students ____31____ , they are happy ____32____. From the above we can ____33____ to the conclusion that the more you work, ____34____ and healthier you will be. Let us work hard, study well and ____35____ a happy and healthy life. 16. A. healthier B. richer C. worse D. weaker 17. A. the old B. the jobless C. the busy D. the hard-working 18. A. though B. since C. whenever D. whether 19. A. requires B. forces C. needs D. keeps 20. A. away from B. in lack of C. in touch with D. in charge of 21. A. worried B. concerned C. joyful D. interested 22. A. dull B. lazy C. free D. busy 23. A. a bridge B. a gap C. a channel D. a guard 24. A. come across B. look down upon C. watch over D. come into contact with 25. A. stands B. means C. matches D. helps 26. A. forces B. orders C. makes D. finds 27. A. However B. Then C. Besides D. Yet 28. A. disappointment B. apology C. regret D. achievement 29. A. a writer B. a farmer C. a worker D. a manager 30. A. chat with B. operates on C. has a talk D. deals with 31 A. grow B. raise C. increase D. rise 32. A. in a word B. beyond words C. at a word D. without a word 33. A. draw B. arrive C. reach D. come 34. A. the happier B. the stronger C. the weaker D. the lonelier 35. A. share B. earn C. make D. lead 第四部分 词汇与语法（共三节，满分25分） 第一节 单词拼写根据句意或用所给单词的正确形式完成句子。（共10空，每空1分，满分10分） 36. Mary said she was by no means annoyed; on the c________, she was glad to be able to make herself clearly understood. （根据首字母单词拼写） 37. There are some factors a________ for the problem above. （根据首字母单词拼写） 38. Children should not be allowed to watch any ________ movie. （暴力的） 39. The city hall is planning to start a series of ________ (运动) against smoking. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 40. After working hard for twenty years, he gained a great scientific a________. (根据首字母单词拼写) 41. Though he is young, he is s________ to support a large family. He is very strongwilled. (根据首字母单词拼写) 42. It took many hours to ________ (使信服) the court of his guilt. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 43. Don’t be so curious. There is nothing p________ in the letter. （根据首字母单词拼写） 44. Since the Mid — autumn Festival is a________，she made some preparations for it. （根据首字母单词拼写） 45. We paid four dollars for a_________ to the concert. （根据首字母单词拼写） 第二节 语法填空（每小题1.5分，共10题，满分15分） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。 Parks provide people with a place to amuse ____46____ for a while. In recent decades, however, many parks have been designed to provide ____47____ (entertain). We call them theme parks. The new parks are usually huge places and have a ____48____ (vary) of things to see and do. A theme park has a certain idea — a certain theme — that the whole park is based ____49____. The ____50____ (old) theme park in the world is Disneyland. It seemed like a magical world which can make your dream come true. But if you are interested in ____51____ (tradition) culture and history, go to Dollywood, _____52_____ you can have fun ____53____ (learn) all about America’s historical southeastern culture, ____54____ you can go to Camelot Park, ____55____ world of fantasy about ancient England. 第五部分 写作 （共两节，满分 35分） 第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10 分） 56. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改同桌写的一下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。 删减：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。 修改：在错词下面划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。 One night, I went to a store to buy the shirt. The shop assistant showed me several shirts to choose. I had no idea what one would suit me. At last, I made up my mind to buy an expensive shirt, thinking that it might go well with my new trouser. On my way to home, I was very excited. However, before I got up the next day, trying on the shirt and looked at it this way and that, my excitement was gone. I found that was not so nice at home as it is in the store. Knowing that I couldn’t possible change it, I thought I had better put it away and use it in the future. 第二节 书面表达 (满分25分) 57. 费孝通是国著名的社会学家（sociologist）和社会活动家（social activist），请根据下文提示，用英文写一篇短文介绍一下费孝通先生： 1.生评：1910年11月2日生于一个富裕家庭，2005年4月24日因病逝世。 2.经历：1).大学时从事于医学学习，但后来改变主意。 2).1930—1935年于清华大学学习，之后到英国继续深造，并获得博士学位。 3).1938年后，曾任教于清华大学和北京大学。 3.评价：生致力于社会科学（sociology）研究，促进中国农村经济发展。 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 安义中学2014——2015学年度下学期期终考试 高一英语试题 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上 第一节(共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、 B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. How long has the man been a singer? A. For over twenty years. B. For about twenty years. C. For about ten years. 2.What does the man think the woman should do? A. Borrow Mary’s cellphone. B. Make a phone call some other time. C. Use the cellphone. 3. What may the woman have visited? A. Playgrouds. B. Museums. C. Theatres. 4. What are the two speakers mainly talking about? A. A new house. B. An appointment. C. Things to do today. 5. What are missing? A. An iPad mini and a cellphone. B. An iPad mini and two credit cards. C. A cellphone and two credit cards. 第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟。听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的做答时间。每段对话读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Why does the man most probably come here ? A. To go sight-seeing. B. To go on a business trip. C. To visit the woman. 7. How did the man get there? A. By train. B. By air. C. By car. 听第7段材料，回答第8,9题。 8. Why does the man call? A. To tell her about his delayed flight. B. To tell about a natural disaster. C. To ask if the woman is OK. 9. What has the storm led to? A. Some deaths and great damage B. Two deaths and eight injuries. C. Two injuries and great damage. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. What happened to the woman? A. She got the bag late. B. She got two bags. C. She got the wrong bag. 11. What will the man do? A. Have the bag delivered right away. B. Deliver the bag in person. C. Give the money back to the woman. 12. How does the woman feel in the end? A. Angry. B. Worried. C. Satisfied. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. What day is it today? A.Thursday. B. Saturday. C. Friday. 14. Why didn’t the woman travel there longer? A. She didn’t enjoy her time there. B. She had to attend a meeting. C. She wanted to travel somewhere else. 15. How did the woman travel around the city? A. On foot and by bus. B. By train and ship. C. By bus and train. 16. What do we know about the city the woman traveled to? A. It is full of museums. B. There are lot of bridges. C. It is full of cultural relics. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. How long can a grey wolf live if raised by humans? A. Up to 20 years. B. For about 15 years. C. For at most 12 years. 18. What does the man say about wolves? A. They are cruel. B. There are not smart. C. They are social. 19. What does the man mention about wolves in the end? A. They like hunting deer. B. They can be widely seen. C. Their numbers have dropped. 20. What does the man do? A. A student. B. A radio program host. C. A teacher. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 30 分） 第一节 （共 10 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 20 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和 D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Harvard University in the United States has been ranked as the university with the best “reputation” in the world. The Times Higher Education magazine has listed 200 top universities all over the world based on how they are regarded by a group of international college teachers. That is to say the list measures how universities are regarded, rather than how they actually performed. A subjective, word-of-mouth (口碑的) quality such as “reputation” has genuine economic value for universities, said Simon Marginson, professor of higher education at the University of Melbourne in Australia. “Reputation is not just an impression, though it might be not as reliable as performance by objective indicators (客观指标),” said Prof Marginson. Based on the views of 13,000 college teachers around the world, it confirms the power of the big US universities, which dominate this list. Seven of the top 10 are US universities, headed by Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Furthermore, 14 of the top 20 are from the US. Cambridge is the highest ranking UK university in the list, in third place, with Oxford ranked as sixth. For students applying to university, reputation might be hard to quantify, but was an important part of the attractiveness, said the president of Cambridge University’s students’ union, Rahul Mansigani. “Reputation makes a huge difference. If there is an idea that somewhere is great, it will get lots of good people applying whether it’s true or not. Factors such as a sense of history and the presence of outstanding college teachers were part of the reputation of Cambridge,” he said. 1. The underlined word “dominate” in Paragraph 5 probably means __________. A. affect B. decide C. control D. improve 2. What can be inferred from the text? A. No Asian universities are among the Top 10. B. At least five UK universities are among Top 20. C. The Times Higher Education magazine is from the US. D. Reputation affects students’ decisions when choosing universities. 3. Which of the following would be the best title of the passage? A. Turning ideas into reputation B. World’s best universities ranked in order of reputation C. The top 200 universities in the USA D. Reputable Universities attractive to more students 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了《泰晤士高等教育》杂志根据大学声誉进行的全球排名，以哈佛大学被评为全球名誉最好的大学为例，说明名誉对大学的重要性。 【1题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第五段中“Based on the views of 13,000 college teachers around the world, it confirms the power of the big US universities, which dominate this list.(该榜单基于全球1.3万名大学教师的观点，证实了美国大型大学的实力，它们在这份榜单上……。)”以及下文“Seven of the top 10 are US universities, headed by Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Furthermore, 14 of the top 20 are from the US.(前十名中有7所是美国大学，以哈佛大学和麻省理工学院（MIT）为首。此外，前20名中有14所来自美国。)”可知，美国大型大学在这个排名榜单中占主导地位，划线词dominate意为“占据支配地位，控制”与control意思相近。故选C。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Reputation makes a huge difference. If there is an idea that somewhere is great, it will get lots of good people applying whether it's true or not.(声誉起着巨大的作用。如果有一个很棒的想法，不管它是真的还是假的，都会有很多优秀的人来申请。)” 可知，一个地方，如果好的名誉就会吸引优秀的人前往。故选D。 【3题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Harvard University in the United States has been ranked as the university with the best “reputation” in the world.(美国哈佛大学被评为世界上‘声誉’最好的大学。)”、第二段“The Times Higher Education magazine has listed 200 top universities all over the world based on how they are regarded by a group of international college teachers. That is to say the list measures how universities are regarded, rather than how they actually performed.(《泰晤士高等教育》杂志根据一组国际大学教师的看法，列出了全球200所顶尖大学。也就是说，该榜单衡量的是人们对大学的看法，而不是它们的实际表现。)”以及下文内容可知，文章主要介绍了《泰晤士高等教育》基于声誉的全球大学排名，以哈佛大学的例子提出名誉对大学的重要性的观点。B选项“世界上最好的大学是根据声誉排名的”最适合作为本文标题。故选B。 B Lagoon Hostel–Pousada (0.28 Km » Rio de Janeiro) from BRL 110.00 Score from 3 reviews Superb 9.5 Rua Vitória Régia, 797, Casa, Rio de Janeiro 22471-190 Featuring an outdoor pool and BBQ facilities Lagoon Hostel–Pousada offers quiet accommodation 2 km from Lagoa Rodrigo de Freitas and 5 km from Copacabana beach. Free Wi-Fi is available in all areas. With air conditioning, Hostel Lagoon offers single beds or double rooms featuring a private bathroom, flat-screen TV and cable channels. Rio de Janeiro Santos Dumont Airport is 12 km from the property. Oztel (0.48 Km » Rio de Janeiro) from BRL 49.90 Score from 212 reviews Excellent 7.7 Rua Pinheiro Guimarães, 91, Rio de Janeiro 22281-080 This hostel features accommodation with unique décor and free Wi-Fi and a stylish bar. Private rooms and dormitories are available. Botafogo Subway Station is 1 km away. The air-conditioned rooms at Oztel offer a modern bathroom and an LCD TV with cable channels. Dormitories include air conditioning and a private locker, while the bathroom is shared. Guests are advised to bring their own lock, or one can be purchased at the reception desk. Guests enjoy exotic drinks and gourmet snacks at the bar. Restaurants are found within 200 metres. Downtown Rio can be reached in a 15-minute bus ride. The Sugarloaf mount is 4 km away. Guests at Oztel can benefit from a daily breakfast buffet with seasonal fruits, natural juices and bread rolls. Guesthouse Claudia (0.52 Km » Rio de Janeiro) from BRL 200.00 Score from 10 reviews Exceptional 8.4 Rua Santa Clara, 397/ ap 402, Rio de Janeiro 22041-010 Guesthouse Claudia is located in Rio de Janeiro, only 900 metres from popular Copacabana Beach. Free Wi-Fi access and a 24-hour reception are available. Guests can also make use of the shared lounge and a shared kitchen. Rooms here will provide a flat-screen TV with cable channels, a fan and shared bathroom facilities with a bathtub. The guesthouse is 8.8 km from Santos Dumont Airport, 9.6 km from Novo Rio Bus Station and 8 km from downtown Rio de Janeiro. Corcovado Mountain is 12.2 km away, while the famous Sugarloaf mount is 6.1 km from the property. Hotel Santa Clara (0.68 Km » Rio de Janeiro) from BRL 200.00 Score from 54 reviews Excellent 7.8 Rua Decio Vilares, 316, Rio de Janeiro 22041-040 Hotel Santa Clara is located in Bairro Peixoto, between the hills of Morro da Saudade and Morro de São João. It offers free Wi-Fi and air-conditioned rooms with cable TV. All guest rooms at Santa Clara enjoy wooden furnishings. Each is equipped with a telephone and a private bathroom. In-room breakfast is available. Guests can relax in the lounge area. 24-hour front desk service is also provided. Hotel Santa Clara is less than 10 km away from Santos Dumont Airport and just 500 metres from the famous Copacabana Beach. It is a 5-minute walk to Siqueira Campos Subway Station, and a 25-minute drive to Corcovado. 4. The advertisements about the four hotels are put in order of ______. A. the number of reviews of the guests B. the price of each room per night C. the shortest distance to Rio de Janeiro D. the score from the reviews of the guests 5. Desk service is provided around the clock at ______. A. Lagoon Hostel–Pousada and Oztel B. Oztel and Guesthouse Claudia C. Hotel Santa Clara and Lagoon Hostel–Pousada D. Guesthouse Claudia and Hotel Santa Clara 6. Hotel Santa Clara is different from the other three hotels in that ______. A. guests can watch cable TV in their room B. guests can order breakfast from room service C. each room is equipped with a private bathroom D. guests can have a rest in the lounge area 【答案】4. C 5. D 6. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是应用文。详细介绍了里约热内卢几家住宿设施的基本信息。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据每家酒店的名词“Lagoon Hostel–Pousada (0.28 Km » Rio de Janeiro)(Lagoon Hostel-Pousada（0.28公里»里约热内卢）)”，“Oztel (0.48 Km » Rio de Janeiro)(Oztel（0.48公里» 里约热内卢）)”，“Guesthouse Claudia (0.52 Km » Rio de Janeiro)(Guesthouse Claudia（0.52公里»里约热内卢）)”以及“Hotel Santa Clara (0.68 Km » Rio de Janeiro)(Hotel Santa Clara （0.68 Km»里约热内卢)”可知，关于这四家酒店的广告是按照距离里约热内卢最近的顺序排列的。故选C项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据Guesthouse Claudia下的“Free Wi-Fi access and a 24-hour reception are available.(提供免费Wi-Fi和24小时前台)”以及Hotel Santa Clara下的“24-hour front desk service is also provided.(酒店还提供24小时前台服务)”可知，Guesthouse Claudia和Hotel Santa Clara都提供24小时的前台服务。故选D项。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据Hotel Santa Clara下的“In-room breakfast is available.(客房内提供早餐)”可知，Hotel Santa Clara不同之处是客人可以从客房服务订购早餐。故选B项。 C There is no doubt that leading a low-carbon lifestyle is a popular trend in the modern society, where a considerable number of individuals begin to undertake the responsibility to protect the environment. One of my Chinadialogue colleagues in Beijing recently bought a Philips energy-saving light bulb to replace a standard one. He was happy with his choice. It may have cost 30 yuan (just under US $ 4.50) — ten times the price of a filament (灯丝) bulb — but he wanted to save energy as part of his low-carbon lifestyle. And according to the shopkeeper, he would save, in the long run, much more than the 30 yuan he was spending. Yet only one month later, his expensive light bulb blew up, before he had saved even a small part of the purchase price. Will he stick to his high-cost, low-carbon lifestyle? China’s environmental organizations have started to advocate low-carbon lifestyles and the decrease of carbon footprints to help fight against climate change. But they have overlooked one fact: in China low-carbon living comes at a high cost. It means buying energy-saving bulbs and appliances, and environmentally friendly building materials and daily goods．Cost can no longer be the only standard for purchases. An energy-saving and environmentally friendly product is more expensive than a standard alternative — whether it’s a simple light bulb or the house it shines. For average consumers, even buying an ordinary house is a huge burden. How can we persuade ordinary people to choose an energy-saving residence? This is not a trend they can afford to follow; perhaps this fashion is only for the rich. Most consumers today do not cause huge carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. Their responsibility lies not in choosing a low-carbon lifestyle today, but in avoiding a high-carbon life in the future. The principle of “common but differentiated (可区分的) responsibility” — a basis of sustainable (可持续的) development — can be applied here as well. In China, low-carbon living is still resisted by a lack of social infrastructure (基础设施). Even if your salary allows you to make that choice, nobody is there to help you accomplish it. Many so-called energy-saving buildings are even more energy-hungry than the average home. 7. What may probably be the best title of this passage? A. To purchase a cheap bulb — your wise alternative B. To live a low-carbon lifestyle — a promising but difficult purpose C. To choose an energy-saving residence — a must of your life D. To live a low-carbon lifestyle — each citizen’s responsibility 8. Why did the writer’s colleague get an energy-saving light bulb? A. He wanted to save some money. B. He was asked to do so by some organizations. C. He wanted to try living his low-carbon lifestyle. D. He wanted to use a more powerful light bulb. 9. We can infer from the passage that ________. A. it’s difficult for most Chinese to try to live a low-carbon lifestyle B. not all citizens have the same responsibility — live a low-carbon lifestyle C. using energy-saving bulbs and appliances is a fashion D. most Chinese families cannot afford to purchase an energy-saving residence 10. What is the writer’s attitude towards the low-carbon lifestyle? A. negative but wise B. optimistic and entertaining C. supportive but cautious D. positive and active 【答案】7. B 8. C 9. A 10. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了在中国推行低碳生活方式所面临的挑战和困难。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第三段“China’s environmental organizations have started to advocate low-carbon lifestyles and the decrease of carbon footprints to help fight against climate change. But they have overlooked one fact: in China, low-carbon living comes at a high cost. (中国的环保组织已经开始倡导低碳生活方式和减少碳足迹，以帮助应对气候变化。但他们忽视了一个事实：在中国，低碳生活成本高昂。)”和最后一段“In China, low-carbon living is still resisted by a lack of social infrastructure (基础设施). Even if your salary allows you to make that choice, nobody is there to help you accomplish it. Many so-called energy-saving buildings are even more energy-hungry than the average home. (在中国，低碳生活还面临着社会基础设施缺乏的阻碍。即使你的薪水允许你做出这样的选择，也没有人来帮你实现它。许多所谓的节能建筑甚至比普通住宅更耗能。)”可知，文章主要讨论了在中国推行低碳生活方式所面临的挑战，包括高昂的成本和缺乏社会基础设施等。因此，B项“To live a low-carbon lifestyle—a promising but difficult purpose (过低碳生活——一个充满希望但困难的目标)”最能概括文章的主旨。故选B。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。由文章第一段中“He was happy with his choice. It may have cost 30 yuan (just under US $ 4.50) — ten times the price of a filament (灯丝) bulb — but he wanted to save energy as part of his low-carbon lifestyle. (他对自己的选择很满意。它可能花了30元(不到4.50美元)——是白炽灯价格的十倍——但他想节能作为他低碳生活方式的一部分。)”可知，作者的同事购买节能灯泡是为了尝试低碳生活方式。故选C。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。由文章第四段中“For average consumers, even buying an ordinary house is a huge burden. How can we persuade ordinary people to choose an energy-saving residence? This is not a trend they can afford to follow; perhaps this fashion is only for the rich. (对于普通消费者来说，甚至买一套普通房子都是沉重的负担。我们如何说服普通人选择节能住宅呢？这不是他们负担得起的潮流；也许这种时尚只适合富人。)”以及最后一段“In China, low-carbon living is still resisted by a lack of social infrastructure (基础设施). (在中国，由于缺乏社会基础设施，低碳生活仍然受到阻碍。)”可以推断出，对于大多数中国人来说，尝试低碳生活方式是困难的。故选A。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。由文章第三段“China’s environmental organizations have started to advocate low-carbon lifestyles and the decrease of carbon footprints to help fight against climate change. But they have overlooked one fact: in China, low-carbon living comes at a high cost. (中国的环保组织已经开始倡导低碳生活方式和减少碳足迹，以帮助应对气候变化。但他们忽略了一个事实：在中国，低碳生活成本高昂。)”和第五段中“Most consumers today do not cause huge carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. Their responsibility lies not in choosing a low-carbon lifestyle today, but in avoiding a high-carbon life in the future. (如今，大多数消费者并没有造成大量的二氧化碳排放。他们的责任不在于现在选择低碳生活方式，而在于避免未来的高碳生活。)”还有第六段中“In China, low-carbon living is still resisted by a lack of social infrastructure (基础设施). Even if your salary allows you to make that choice, nobody is there to help you accomplish it. Many so-called energy-saving buildings are even more energy-hungry than the average home. (在中国，由于缺乏社会基础设施，低碳生活仍然受到阻碍。即使你的工资允许你做出这样的选择，也没有人帮你实现它。许多所谓的节能建筑甚至比普通住宅更耗能。)”可知，作者认为中国的环保组织倡导低碳生活的同时忽略了在中国低碳生活成本高昂这一事实，对于普通人来说负担较重，而且中国缺乏相应的社会基础设施来支撑低碳生活，不过作者也认可低碳生活本身是有意义的，只是实施起来存在诸多问题。所以作者对低碳生活方式的态度是支持但谨慎的。故选C。 第二节 （共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 If you see a group of people dancing and singing on the street or in the railway station, you don’t need to feel surprised. They are a flash mob. Who are they? Are they mobs (暴民)? ____11____ Actually, a flash mob is a group of people who gather suddenly in a public place, do something unusual for a brief period of time, and then quickly separate. A flash mob is usually organized with the help of the Internet or other digital communications networks. ____12____ At a predetermined time, they gather and perform some tasks such as exchanging books, coming together to look at the sky, waving their hands and yelling something at the top of their lungs for 30 seconds. Then, they quickly disappear before the police can arrive. Bill Wasik, senior editor of Harper’s Magazine, organized the first flash mob in Manhattan in May 2003 and the first successful flash mob gathered on June 3, 2003 at Macy’s department store. More than one hundred people stepped onto the ninth floor carpet department of Macy’s department store, gathering around an expensive carpet. Following this flash mob, about 200 people flooded into the lounge of the Hyatt hotel and applauded for about fifteen seconds. ____13____ Flash mob gatherings can sometimes shock people. Such an activity might seem amusing, but it might also frighten people who are not aware of what is taking place. ____14____ They also have enormous economic potential, such as using flash mobs to advertise a product. ____15____ People use it to do many things. For example, in 2009, Michael Jackson’s fans took part in a flash mob to remember him. Hundreds of his fans gathered outside the railway station in Liverpool. They were singing and dancing Michael’s famous song “Beat It” together. And in another example, some people took part in a flash mob to tell more people not to use negative words. Flash mobs give people from all walks of life an opportunity to come together to create a memory. A. People are attracted by the silly and harmless activities. B. Don’t be confused by their name. C. Using mobile phones, the flash mob can change their gathering place. D. The flash mob is now becoming more and more popular. E. Undoubtedly, flash mobs can serve as good political tools in any direction. F. A later mob saw hundreds of people in Central Park making bird noises. G. The messages may be forwarded to friends, who forward to more people. 【答案】11. B 12. G 13. F 14. E 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了“快闪族”这一概念，包括他们的定义、组织方式、起源以及一些典型的快闪活动实例，同时还提及了快闪活动可能带来的社会影响和经济潜力。 【11题详解】 根据前文“If you see a group of people dancing and singing on the street or in the railway station, you don’t need to feel surprised. They are a flash mob. Who are they? Are they mobs (暴民)? (如果你看到一群人在街上或火车站唱歌跳舞，你不必感到惊讶。他们是快闪族。他们是谁？他们是暴徒吗？)”以及后文“Actually, a flash mob is a group of people who gather suddenly in a public place, do something unusual for a brief period of time, and then quickly separate.(实际上，快闪族是指一群人突然聚集在公共场所，在短时间内做一些不寻常的事情，然后迅速分开)”可知，前文提到快闪族是谁，后文做出了解释，所以空处应是过渡句，B项“Don’t be confused by their name.(不要被他们的名字搞混了)”承接上文，引出下文，符合语境。故选B项。 【12题详解】 根据前文“A flash mob is usually organized with the help of the Internet or other digital communications networks.(快闪族通常是在互联网或其他数字通信网络的帮助下组织起来的)”以及后文“At a predetermined time, they gather and perform some tasks such as exchanging books, coming together to look at the sky, waving their hands and yelling something at the top of their lungs for 30 seconds. Then, they quickly disappear before the police can arrive.(在预定的时间，他们聚集在一起完成一些任务，比如交换书籍，聚在一起看天空，挥舞双手，大声喊叫30秒。然后，他们在警察到达之前迅速消失)”可知，本段讲述快闪族是如何组织和行动的，所以G项“The messages may be forwarded to friends, who forward to more people.(这些信息可能会转发给朋友，朋友再转发给更多人)”承接上文，讲述如何组织人，并引出下文的行动过程，符合语境。故选G项。 【13题详解】 根据前文“Bill Wasik, senior editor of Harper’s Magazine, organized the first flash mob in Manhattan in May2003 and the first successful flash mob gathered on June 3, 2003 at Macy’s department store. More than one hundred people stepped onto the ninth floor carpet department of Macy’s department store, gathering around an expensive carpet. Following this flash mob, about 200 people flooded into the lounge of the Hyatt hotel and applauded for about fifteen seconds.(2003年5月，《Harper’s Magazine》的资深编辑Bill Wasik在曼哈顿组织了第一次快闪活动，第一次成功的快闪活动于2003年6月3日在梅西百货公司举行。在美国梅西百货公司9楼的地毯柜台，一百多人聚集在一块昂贵的地毯周围。在这场快闪之后，大约200人涌入凯悦酒店的休息室，鼓掌约15秒)”可知，此处在讲述一些成功的快闪行动，所以F项“A later mob saw hundreds of people in Central Park making bird noises.(之后的一次快闪活动中，数百人在中央公园里发出了鸟叫声)”符合语境。故选F项。 【14题详解】 根据后文“They also have enormous economic potential, such as using flash mobs to advertise a product.(它们还具有巨大的经济潜力，比如利用快闪族为产品做广告)”可知，本段讲述快闪行动的好处，所以E项“Undoubtedly, flash mobs can serve as good political tools in any direction.(毫无疑问，快闪族在任何方面都可以成为良好的政治工具)”符合此处主题。故选E项。 【15题详解】 设空位于段首，为本段中心句，根据后文“People use it to do many things. For example, in 2009, Michael Jackson’s fans took part in a flash mob to remember him. Hundreds of his fans gathered outside the railway station in Liverpool. They were singing and dancing Michael’s famous song “Beat It” together. And in another example, some people took part in a flash mob to tell more people not to use negative words.(人们用它来做很多事情。例如，在2009年，迈克尔·杰克逊的粉丝参加了一场快闪活动来纪念他。他的数百名粉丝聚集在利物浦火车站外。他们一起唱着迈克尔的名曲《Beat It》，跳着舞。在另一个例子中，一些人参加了快闪活动，告诉更多的人不要使用负面词汇)”可知，快闪行动越来越受欢迎，所以D项“The flash mob is now becoming more and more popular.(快闪族现在变得越来越流行了)”符合本段主题。故选D项。 第三部分 英语知识运用 （共两节，满分45） 第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题15分，满分30分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Scientists find that hard-working people live longer than average men and women. Career women are ____16____ than housewives. Evidence shows that ____17____are in poorer health than the job-holders. A study shows that ____18____ the unemployment rate increases by 1%, the death rate increases correspondingly by 2%. All this comes down to one point: Work is helpful to health. Why is work good for health? It is because work ____19____ people busy, ____20____ loneliness and solitude (独居). Researches show that people feel unhappy, ____21____ and lonely when they have nothing to do. Instead, the happiest are those who are ____22____. Many high achievers who love their careers feel that they are happiest when they are working hard. Work serves as ____23____ between man and reality. By work, people ____24____ each other. By collective activity, they find friendship and warmth. This is helpful to health. The loss of work ____25____ the loss of everything. It affects man spiritually and ____26____ him liable (likely to be affected by) to disease. ____27____, work gives one a sense of fulfillment and a sense of ____28____. Work makes one feel his value and status in society. When ____29____ finishes his writing or a doctor successfully ____30____ a patient or a teacher sees his students ____31____ , they are happy ____32____. From the above we can ____33____ to the conclusion that the more you work, ____34____ and healthier you will be. Let us work hard, study well and ____35____ a happy and healthy life. 16. A. healthier B. richer C. worse D. weaker 17. A. the old B. the jobless C. the busy D. the hard-working 18. A. though B. since C. whenever D. whether 19. A. requires B. forces C. needs D. keeps 20. A. away from B. in lack of C. in touch with D. in charge of 21. A. worried B. concerned C. joyful D. interested 22. A. dull B. lazy C. free D. busy 23 A. a bridge B. a gap C. a channel D. a guard 24. A. come across B. look down upon C. watch over D. come into contact with 25. A. stands B. means C. matches D. helps 26. A. forces B. orders C. makes D. finds 27. A. However B. Then C. Besides D. Yet 28. A. disappointment B. apology C. regret D. achievement 29. A. a writer B. a farmer C. a worker D. a manager 30. A. chat with B. operates on C. has a talk D. deals with 31. A. grow B. raise C. increase D. rise 32. A. in a word B. beyond words C. at a word D. without a word 33. A. draw B. arrive C. reach D. come 34. A. the happier B. the stronger C. the weaker D. the lonelier 35. A. share B. earn C. make D. lead 【答案】16. A 17. B 18. C 19. D 20. A 21. A 22. D 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. C 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. A 32. B 33. D 34. A 35. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章介绍了职业女性比家庭主妇更健康，进一步探讨了工作有助于健康这一话题。 【16题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：职业妇女比家庭主妇健康。A. healthier更健康的；B. richer更富有的；C. worse更糟的；D. weaker更虚弱的。根据上文“Scientists find that hard-working people live longer than average men and women.(科学家发现，勤劳的人比普通男性和女性寿命更长)”和下文“Work is helpful to health.(工作有助于健康)”可知，职业女性比家庭主妇更健康，故选A项。 【17题详解】 考查名词短语辨析。句意：有证据表明失业者的健康状况比有工作的人差。A. the old老年人；B. the jobless失业者；C. the busy忙碌者；D. the hard-working勤奋者。根据上文“Scientists find that hard-working people live longer than average men and women.(科学家发现，勤劳的人比普通男性和女性寿命更长)”和下文“Work is helpful to health.(工作有助于健康)”可知，失业者的健康状况比有工作的人差，空白处应填表示“失业的人”含义的表达与下文“the job-holders”形成对比，故选B项。 【18题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：一项研究表明，每当失业率上升1%，死亡率就会相应上升2%。A. though尽管；B. since自从；C. whenever每当；D. whether是否。分析句子结构，这是一个包含时间状语从句的复合句，空白处填引导时间状语从句的连接词，根据下文“the unemployment rate increases by 1%, the death rate increases correspondingly by 2%.”可知，空白处应填表示“每当……”含义的连词。故选C项。 【19题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是因为工作让人们忙碌，远离孤独和独居。A. requires要求；B. forces强迫；C. needs需要；D. keeps保持。根据上文“work”结合实际可知，工作应是让人保持忙碌。故选D项。 【20题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：这是因为工作让人们忙碌，远离孤独和独居。A. away from远离；B. in lack of缺乏；C. in touch with保持联系；D. in charge of负责。根据本处语境可知，工作让人们忙碌，所以应是远离孤独和独居。故选A项。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：研究表明，当人们无事可做时，他们会感到不开心、担心和孤独。A. worried担忧的；B. concerned关心的；C. joyful快乐的；D. interested感兴趣的。根据上文的“unhappy”以及下文“and lonely”可知，空处应是和unhappy和lonely并列，应是一种负面情绪，所以A项“worried担忧的”符合语境。故选A项。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：相反，最快乐的人是那些忙碌的人。A. dull乏味的；B. lazy懒惰的；C. free自由的；D. busy忙碌的。根据上文“Researches show that people feel unhappy, 　　6　　 and lonely when they have nothing to do.”以及Instead表转折可知，前文提到无所事事的人会感到不开心，所以此处应是最快乐的人是那些忙碌的人，符合语境。故选D项。 【23题详解】 考查名词短语辨析。句意：工作是人与现实之间的桥梁。A. a bridge一座桥梁；B. a gap一个隔阂；C. a channel一个渠道；D. a guard一个守卫。根据下文“between man and reality”可知，此处采用了比喻的手法，用桥梁比喻人和现实之间的沟通，故选A项。 【24题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：通过工作，人们彼此接触。A. come across偶遇；B. look down upon轻视；C. watch over照看；D. come into contact with接触。根据上文“By work”以及下文“each other”可知，此处上下文说的是人们通过工作互相接触，分析选项，D项“come into contact with接触”表达的含义符合语境，故选D项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：失去工作就意味着失去一切。A. stands站立；B. means意味着；C. matches匹配；D. helps帮助。据上文“The loss of work”以及下文“the loss of everything”可知下文表达的是上文的结果，可推理出空白处应填表示“意味着”含义的动词，故选B项。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它影响人的精神，使人容易生病。A. forces强迫；B. orders命令；C. makes使得；D. finds发现。根据前文“It affects man spiritually”可知，它影响人的精神，让人精神变差，使得人容易生病。故选C项。 【27题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：此外，工作给人一种满足感和成就感。A. However然而；B. Then然后；C. Besides此外；D. Yet但是。根据上文“By collective activity, they find friendship and warmth. This is helpful to health.(通过集体活动，他们找到了友谊和温暖。这有助于健康)”以及下文“work gives one a sense of fulfillment”可知，下文是对上文的补充，空白处应填表示“此外”含义的副词，故选C项。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：此外，工作给人一种满足感和成就感。A. disappointment失望；B. apology道歉；C. regret遗憾；D. achievement成就。根据上文“a sense of fulfillment”以及并列连词and可知，空白处应填表示“成就”含义的名词与上文形成并列关系，故选D项。 【29题详解】 考查名词短语辨析。句意：当作家写完书，医生成功地给病人做手术，老师看到学生成长时，他们的快乐是说不出的。A. a writer一位作家；B. a farmer一位农民；C. a worker一位工人；D. a manager一位经理。根据下文“finishes his writing”可知，应是作家写完书。故选A项。 【30题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：当作家写完书，医生成功地给病人做手术，老师看到学生成长时，他们的快乐是说不出的。A. chat with闲聊；B. operates on做手术；C. has a talk交谈；D. deals with处理。根据上文“a doctor successfully”可知，医生应是成功地给病人做手术。故选B项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当作家写完书，医生成功地给病人做手术，老师看到学生成长时，他们的快乐是说不出的。A. grow生长；B. raise提高；C. increase增加；D. rise上升。根据上文“a teacher sees his students”以及下文“they are happy”可知，此处上下文说的是使老师感到高兴的事，分析选项，A项“grow成长”表示的含义符合语境，表示“看见学生成长，他们高兴”，符合句意。故选A项。 32题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：当作家写完书，医生成功地给病人做手术，老师看到学生成长时，他们的快乐是说不出的。A. in a word总之；B. beyond words难以言表；C. at a word立刻；D. without a word一言不发。根据上文“Work makes one feel his value and status in society.(工作让人感受到自己在社会中的价值和地位)”以及本处语境可知，此处上文说的是作家、医生、教师在工作中感受到了自己在社会中的价值和地位，下文描述这种快乐，分析待选项，B项“beyond words难以言表”表达的含义符合语境，故选B项。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：从以上我们可以得出结论，你工作越多，你就会越快乐，越健康。A. draw绘制；B. arrive到达；C. reach达到；D. come来。根据下文“to the conclusion”可知，此处是固定搭配：come to the conclusion意为“得出结论”。故选D项。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从以上我们可以得出结论，你工作越多，你就会越快乐，越健康。A. the happier越快乐的；B. the stronger越强大的；C. the weaker越虚弱的；D. the lonelier越孤独的。根据上文“Work makes one feel his value and status in society.(工作让人感受到自己在社会中的价值和地位)”可知，此处说的是工作越多就越快乐、健康。故选A项。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：让我们努力工作，好好学习，过上幸福健康的生活。A. share分享；B. earn赚取；C. make制造；D. lead过（某种生活）。根据上文“Let us work hard, study well”可知，努力工作，好好学习应是“过着幸福健康的生活”符合语境。故选D项。 第四部分 词汇与语法（共三节，满分25分） 第一节 单词拼写根据句意或用所给单词的正确形式完成句子。（共10空，每空1分，满分10分） 36. Mary said she was by no means annoyed; on the c________, she was glad to be able to make herself clearly understood. （根据首字母单词拼写） 【答案】contrary##ontrary 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：玛丽说她一点也不生气；相反，她很高兴自己能被清楚地理解。根据首字母c可知，此处用名词contrary“相反的情况”，作on的宾语。故填contrary。 37. There are some factors a________ for the problem above. （根据首字母单词拼写） 【答案】accounting##ccounting 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：造成上述问题的因素有很多。根据首字母a可知，此处需用动词account，account for“导致，引起”，与名词factors为主动关系，用现在分词，作定语。故填accounting。 38. Children should not be allowed to watch any ________ movie. （暴力的） 【答案】violent 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。 句意：不应该允许孩子看任何暴力电影。空处应填形容词作定语，修饰名词movie，根据汉语提示可知，violent暴力的。故填violent。 39. The city hall is planning to start a series of ________ (运动) against smoking. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】campaigns 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：市政厅正计划发起一系列反对吸烟的运动。根据汉语提示“运动”可知，本空用名词campaign，且由前面的a series of可知，此处应用复数形式，作start的宾语。故填campaigns。 40. After working hard for twenty years, he gained a great scientific a________. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】achievement##chievement 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：经过二十年的努力，他取得了一项伟大的科学成就。空前是形容词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，根据句意和所给首字母，应是achievement意为“成就”，根据a可知，用单数形式。故填achievement。 41. Though he is young, he is s________ to support a large family. He is very strongwilled. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】struggling##truggling 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：虽然他很年轻，但他正在努力养活一个大家庭。他意志很坚强。根据句意和所给首字母，应是动词struggle意为“努力”符合语境，根据句意，描述正在发生的事，用现在进行时，空前已有be动词is，填现在分词形式。故填struggling。 42. It took many hours to ________ (使信服) the court of his guilt. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】convince 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：花了好几个小时才使法庭相信他有罪。空前的to是不定式的标志，所以空处应填动词原形，根据所给中文提示词，应是convince意为“使信服”，构成固定搭配convince sb of sth。故填convince。 43. Don’t be so curious. There is nothing p________ in the letter. （根据首字母单词拼写） 【答案】particular##articular 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：别那么好奇。这封信里没有什么特别的。根据首字母p可知，应填形容词particular“特别的”，作后置定语，修饰不定代词nothing。故填particular。 44. Since the Mid — autumn Festival is a________，she made some preparations for it. （根据首字母单词拼写） 【答案】approaching##pproaching 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：中秋节快到了，她做了一些准备。空前是系动词，所以空处应填形容词作表语，根据句意和所给首字母，应是现在分词转化的形容词approaching，意为“临近的”。故填approaching。 45. We paid four dollars for a_________ to the concert. （根据首字母单词拼写） 【答案】admission##dmission 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：我们花了四美元买了音乐会的门票。根据首字母a可知，应填名词admission“入场费”，作for的宾语。故填admission。 第二节 语法填空（每小题1.5分，共10题，满分15分） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。 Parks provide people with a place to amuse ____46____ for a while. In recent decades, however, many parks have been designed to provide ____47____ (entertain). We call them theme parks. The new parks are usually huge places and have a ____48____ (vary) of things to see and do. A theme park has a certain idea — a certain theme — that the whole park is based ____49____. The ____50____ (old) theme park in the world is Disneyland. It seemed like a magical world which can make your dream come true. But if you are interested in ____51____ (tradition) culture and history, go to Dollywood, _____52_____ you can have fun ____53____ (learn) all about America’s historical southeastern culture, ____54____ you can go to Camelot Park, ____55____ world of fantasy about ancient England. 【答案】46. themselves 47. entertainment 48. variety 49. on 50. oldest 51. traditional 52. where 53. learning 54. or 55. a 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了主题公园的功能、特点和不同类型，重点提及了迪士尼乐园、多莱坞和卡米洛特公园等代表性主题公园。 【46题详解】 考查反身代词。句意：公园为人们提供了一个暂时自娱自乐的地方。amuse oneself为固定搭配，意为“自娱自乐”，根据people可知，用反身代词themselves。故填themselves。 【47题详解】 考查名词。句意：然而，近几十年来，许多公园的设计都是为了提供娱乐。本空为provide的宾语，用名词entertainment“娱乐”。故填entertainment。 【48题详解】 考查固定搭配。句意：新公园通常是巨大的地方，有各种各样的东西可以看和做。a variety of为固定搭配，意为“各种各样的”，本空用名词variety。故填variety。 【49题详解】 考查介词。句意：主题公园有一个特定的想法——一个特定的主题——整个公园都以此为基础。be based on为固定搭配，意为“以……为基础”，本空用介词on，符合题意。故填on。 【50题详解】 考查形容词最高级。句意：世界上最古老的主题公园是迪士尼乐园。此处表示“最古老的”，应用形容词最高级oldest。故填oldest。 【51题详解】 考查形容词。句意：但如果你对传统文化和历史感兴趣，就去多莱坞吧，在那里你可以开心地了解美国东南部的历史文化，或者你可以去卡米洛特公园，一个关于古代英国的幻想世界。此处修饰名词culture，应用形容词traditional“传统的”，作定语。故填traditional。 【52题详解】 考查定语从句。句意同上。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Dollywood，关系词代替先行词在从句中作地点状语，所以应用关系副词where引导。故填where。 【53题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意同上。have fun doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“做某事很开心”，所以此处应用动名词learning“了解”作宾语。故填learning。 【54题详解】 考查连词。句意同上。you can have fun和you can go to Camelot Park为选择关系，所以应用连词or连接两个句子。故填or。 【55题详解】 考查冠词。句意同上。此处world为可数名词单数，且表泛指“一个幻想世界”，所以应用不定冠词修饰，且world为辅音音素开头的单词，所以应用a。故填a。 第五部分 写作 （共两节，满分 35分） 第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10 分） 56. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改同桌写的一下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。 删减：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。 修改：在错词下面划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。 One night, I went to a store to buy the shirt. The shop assistant showed me several shirts to choose. I had no idea what one would suit me. At last, I made up my mind to buy an expensive shirt, thinking that it might go well with my new trouser. On my way to home, I was very excited. However, before I got up the next day, trying on the shirt and looked at it this way and that, my excitement was gone. I found that was not so nice at home as it is in the store. Knowing that I couldn’t possible change it, I thought I had better put it away and use it in the future. 【答案】 1.the → a  2. choose后加from 3. what → which 4. trouser → trousers 5. 删掉to 6. before→ when/after 7. trying→ tried 8. that→ it或that后加it   9. is → was  10. possible → possibly 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者购买衬衫的经历，从挑选时的犹豫到购买后的失望，最终决定将衬衫留待日后使用。 【详解】1.考查冠词。句意：一天晚上，我去一家商店买衬衫。本句中泛指“一件衬衫”，并非特指某一件，所以不用定冠词the。因为shirt是以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。故将the改为a。 2.考查固定搭配。句意：店员给我展示了几件衬衫让我挑选。choose from表示“从……中选择”为固定搭配。故在choose后加from。 3.考查宾语从句。句意：我不知道哪一件衬衫会适合我。idea后为宾语从句，这里是在几件衬衫这个范围内不知道哪一件适合，应用which引导宾语从句，表示“哪一个”。故将what改为which。 4.考查名词的数。句意：最后，我下定决心买了一件昂贵的衬衫，想着它可能会和我的新裤子很搭。常用复数形式trousers来表示“裤子”。故将trouser改为trousers。 5.考查固定短语。句意：在我回家的路上，我非常兴奋。on one’s way home是固定短语，表示“在某人回家的路上”。故去掉to。 6.考查时间状语从句。句意：然而，第二天我起床后，试穿了这件衬衫并反复看了看，我的兴奋感消失了。应该是起床后才做试穿的动作，before表示“在……之前”不符合逻辑，用after “在……之后”或when“在……时候”引导时间状语从句。故将before改为when/after。 7.考查时态。句意：然而，第二天我起床后，试穿了这件衬衫并反复看了看，我的兴奋感消失了。after或when引导的时间状语从句中，根据looked可知，从句描述过去的动作，故时态用一般过去时，谓语用过去式tried，和looked并列，作谓语。故将trying改为tried。 8.考查代词。句意：我发现它在家里不如在商店里看起来那么好看。此处可看作found后是省略that的宾语从句，将that改为代词it指代前面提到的the shirt，作从句主语；或者将that看作宾语从句的连接词，添加代词it作从句主语。故将that改为it或that后加it。 9.考查时态。句意：我发现它在家里不如在商店里看起来那么好看。found是过去式，表明主句时态是一般过去时，那么as引导的从句描述过去在商店里的情况，从句时态也应该用一般过去时，is的过去式是was。故将is改为was。 10.考查副词。句意：知道我不可能把它换了，我想我最好把它收起来以后再用。修饰动词change，用副词，possible是形容词，副词形式是possibly“可能”。故将possible改为possibly。 第二节 书面表达 (满分25分) 57. 费孝通是国著名的社会学家（sociologist）和社会活动家（social activist），请根据下文提示，用英文写一篇短文介绍一下费孝通先生： 1.生评：1910年11月2日生于一个富裕家庭，2005年4月24日因病逝世。 2.经历：1).大学时从事于医学学习，但后来改变主意。 2).1930—1935年于清华大学学习，之后到英国继续深造，并获得博士学位。 3).1938年后，曾任教于清华大学和北京大学。 3.评价：生致力于社会科学（sociology）研究，促进中国农村经济发展。 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Born into a rich family on November 2,1910, Fei Xiao Tong, a famous Chinese sociologist and social activist, passed away due to disease in Beijing on April 24, 2005. When going to college, he first chose to study medicine but then changed his mind. Between 1930 and 1935, he studied in Tsinghua University and then went to England for further education, where he received his doctor’s degree. After 1938, he once taught in Tsinghua University and Peking University. Fei, who studied hard all his whole life, devoted himself to the research on sociology and promoted the development of China’s rural economy. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于开放性作文。要求考生按照要求用英文写一篇短文介绍一下费孝通先生。 【详解】1.词汇积累 著名的：famous → renowned 由于：due to → because of 选择：choose → select 专心从事：devote oneself to → be devoted to 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Born into a rich family on November 2,1910, Fei Xiao Tong, a famous Chinese sociologist and social activist, passed away due to disease in Beijing on April 24,2005. 拓展句：Born into a rich family on November 2,1910, Fei Xiao Tong, who is a famous Chinese sociologist and social activist, passed away due to disease in Beijing on April 24,2005. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Between 1930 and 1935, he studied in Tsinghua University and then went to England for further education, where he received his doctor’s degree.（运用了where引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】Fei, who studied hard all his whole life, devoted himself to the research on sociology and promoted the development of China’s rural economy.（运用了who引导的非限制性定语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$