精品解析：浙江省西湖区浙大附中2017-2018学年高一下学期英语期中试题

2017-2018学年浙江省杭州市浙大附中高一下期中试卷 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节。第一节11小题，第二节4小题；每小题2分，满分30分） A When he was driving home one evening on a country road, he saw an old lady, stranded (抛锚的) on the side of the road. He stopped in front of her car and got out. Even with the smile on his face, she was worried. He looked poor and hungry. He knew how she felt. He said, “I am here to help you, madam. Why don’t you wait in the car where it is warm? By the way, my name is Joe.’’ She had a flat tire. Joe crawled under the car, changed the tire. But he got dirty and his hands hurt. She could not thank him enough and asked him how much she owed him. He told her that if she really wanted to pay him back, the next time she saw someone who needed help, she could give that person the assistance they needed, and Joe added, “And think of me.” She drove off. A few miles down the road the lady saw a small restaurant. She went in. The waitress had a sweet smile, and was nearly 8 months pregnant. The old lady wondered how someone like her who seemed poor could be so kind to a stranger. Then she remembered Joe. After the lady finished her meal, the waitress went to get her change from a hundred dollar bill. But she stepped right out the door. When the waitress came back, she noticed something written on a piece of paper, “I am helping you because someone helped me. If you really want to pay me back, here is what you do — Don’t let the chain of love end with you.” That night when she got home, she was thinking about the money and what the lady had written. She and her husband needed money with the baby going to be born next month. She knew how worried her husband was, and as he lay sleeping next to her, she said in a small voice, “everything’s going to be all right. I love you, Joe.” 1. At the restaurant, the lady_________ A. received good service B. had an expensive meal C. told the waitress Joe’s story D. met another poor guest 2. Why did the lady leave the restaurant without getting her change? A. She forgot it. B. She wanted to help Joe. C. She would get it later. D. She wanted to give the waitress some help. 3. We can learn from the text that_______ A. Joe’s boss fired him. B. Joe worked as a driver C. Joe’s wife was the waitress D. Joe had an unhappy marriage 4. By telling the story, the writer tries to show that_________ A. helping others is yourself B. Kindness can be passed from one person to another. C. Poverty does no harm to a happy marriage D. A happy family depends on a happy marriage 【答案】1. A 2. D 3. C 4. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了乔帮助老妇人，老妇人传递爱心又帮助女服务员，而女服务员正好是乔的妻子。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“The waitress had a sweet smile, and was nearly 8 months pregnant. The old lady wondered how someone like her who seemed poor could be so kind to a stranger. (女服务员笑容甜美，已经怀孕近8个月了。老太太很纳闷，像她这样看起来贫穷的人，怎么会对一个陌生人如此友善。)”可知，在餐馆里，这位女士被友好对待，得到了很好的服务。故选A。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“When the waitress came back, she noticed something written on a piece of paper, “I am helping you because someone helped me. If you really want to pay me back, here is what you do — Don’t let the chain of love end with you.” (当女服务员回来时，她注意到一张纸上写着：“我帮助你是因为有人帮助过我。如果你真的想报答我，你可以这样做——不要让爱的链条在你这里结束”。)”可知，这位女士没有拿找零就离开了餐馆，是因为她想给女服务员一些帮助。故选D。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“He said, “I am here to help you, madam. Why don’t you wait in the car where it is warm? By the way, my name is Joe.’’ (他说：“我是来帮你的，夫人。你为什么不在暖和的车里等着呢？顺便说一下，我叫乔”。)”及最后一段“She knew how worried her husband was, and as he lay sleeping next to her, she said in a small voice, “everything’s going to be all right. I love you, Joe.” (她知道丈夫有多担心，当他躺在她身边睡觉时，她小声说：“一切都会好起来的。我爱你，乔”。)”可推知，乔的妻子是女服务员。故选C。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文及第二段“He told her that if she really wanted to pay him back, the next time she saw someone who needed help, she could give that person the assistance they needed, and Joe added, “And think of me.” (他告诉她，如果她真的想报答他，下次她看到有人需要帮助时，她可以给予那个人所需的帮助，乔补充道：“然后想想我。”)”及第四段“When the waitress came back, she noticed something written on a piece of paper, “I am helping you because someone helped me. If you really want to pay me back, here is what you do — Don’t let the chain of love end with you.” (当女服务员回来时，她注意到一张纸上写着：“我帮助你是因为有人帮助过我。如果你真的想报答我，你可以这样做——不要让爱的链条在你这里结束”。)”可推知，文章主要讲述了乔帮助老妇人，老妇人传递爱心又帮助女服务员的故事，作者试图表明善良可以从一个人传递到另一个人。故选B。 B With more and more cars on the road, traffic jams are inevitable. Traffic jams can lead to increased accidents as there are more cars, with more people trying to get to their destination, all the while getting worse. Although it’s impossible to avoid traffic jams altogether, there are some tips you can follow to reduce the amount of time on the road. Check for traffic jams before you leave. You can listen to the radio for traffic news, or check on the Internet to get up-to-minute information on traffic. If the route you want to take is heavy with traffic, you can choose another. Look for a different route all the time. Most traffic jams occur on busy roads. Using country roads could see you avoiding a lot of traffic. Although the distance you may have to travel is further, it can work out quicker. Set your car radio to receive traffic bulletins. Many new car stereo systems (汽车音响系统) are equipped with a radio system by which you can hear the traffic channel. This way you can get the latest traffic information and change your journey if necessary. ___5___. Most traffic jams usually occur during rush hour, so try to avoid this time period if possible. Some jobs offer flexible working hours so that you can travel to work outside of rush hour. Some jobs even allow you to work at home so as to avoid commuting altogether. Ask your manager to see what you can do if traffic is a problem for you. Use public transport where available. The easiest way to avoid traffic jams is to take buses or the underground instead of driving your own car. Not only will you avoid traffic jams but you will most likely be saving money as the cost of motoring rises. 5 The underlined word “inevitable” in Paragraph 1 probably means ___________. A. hard to accept B. impossible to avoid C. getting less serious D. seen everywhere 6. The author wrote the text in order to ____________. A. explain the phenomenon of traffic jam B. tell us the bad effects of traffic jams C. tell us what we can do during the traffic jams D. tell us how to deal with traffic jams 7. Which of the following can be put in the blank in the text? A. Choose a job that has flexible working hours B. Make friends with your manager C. Try traveling at different time D. Work far away from home 8. According to the author, we should use public transport because _____. A. it is cheaper and can avoid traffic jams B. it is convenient for us to catch the bus C. it is environmentally-friendly D. it is completely free from traffic jams. 【答案】5. B 6. D 7. C 8. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在道路上车辆日益增多的情况下，交通堵塞不可避免，并给出了一些减少在路上花费时间的建议。 【5题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线单词所在句以及下文“With more and more cars on the road, traffic jams are inevitable. Traffic jams can lead to increased accidents as there are more cars, with more people trying to get to their destination, all the while getting worse. Although it’s impossible to avoid traffic jams altogether, there are some tips you can follow to reduce the amount of time on the road. (随着道路上的汽车越来越多，交通堵塞是inevitable。交通堵塞会导致事故增多，因为车辆更多了，有更多的人试图到达他们的目的地，而且情况还在不断恶化。尽管完全避免交通堵塞是不可能的，但有一些建议你可以遵循，以减少在路上花费的时间)”可知，因为路上的车越来越多，交通堵塞是一种必然的情况，并且后面提到“完全避免交通堵塞是不可能的”。由此可知，划线词inevitable意思是“不可避免的”。选项B“impossible to avoid(不可能避免)”与此相符。故选B。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Although it’s impossible to avoid traffic jams altogether, there are some tips you can follow to reduce the amount of time on the road.(尽管完全避免交通堵塞是不可能的，但有一些建议你可以遵循，以减少在路上花费的时间)”以及接下来分别从出发前查看交通状况、寻找不同路线、收听交通公告、避开高峰时段以及使用公共交通等方面介绍了避免或缓解交通堵塞的方法。由此推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是告诉我们如何应对交通堵塞。故选D。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据本段内容“Most traffic jams usually occur during rush hour, so try to avoid this time period if possible. Some jobs offer flexible working hours so that you can travel to work outside of rush hour. Some jobs even allow you to work at home so as to avoid commuting altogether. Ask your manager to see what you can do if traffic is a problem for you.(大多数交通堵塞通常发生在高峰时段，所以如果可能的话，尽量避开这个时间段。一些工作提供灵活的工作时间，这样你就可以在高峰时段之外去上班。有些工作甚至允许你在家工作，这样就可以完全避免通勤。如果交通对你来说是个问题，问问你的经理看你能做些什么)”可知，本段主要讲述了大多数交通堵塞发生在高峰时段，要尽量避开这一时间段，还提到了一些工作提供灵活工作时间以及允许在家工作等内容，这些都是关于尝试在不同时间出行以避开交通拥堵的方法。由此推知，选项C“Try traveling at different time(尝试在不同时间出行)”概括了本段内容，适合作本段主旨句。故选C。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“The easiest way to avoid traffic jams is to take buses or the underground instead of driving your own car. Not only will you avoid traffic jams but you will most likely be saving money as the cost of motoring rises.(避免交通堵塞最简单的方法是乘坐公共汽车或地铁，而不是开自己的车。你不仅可以避开交通堵塞，而且随着驾驶成本的上升，你很可能还会省钱)”可知，使用公共交通不仅可以避开交通堵塞，而且随着开车成本的上升，还能省钱。故选A。 C With the average home in the capital selling for 19,548 yuan a meter in November, a tiny mobile home built by a 24-year-old office worker is creating a stir(震动) online. Dai Haifei built the 6-square-meter pad (住所) because he could not afford to buy or rent in the capital. Dai’s new home costs him 6,400 yuan and he has been living in it for nearly two months in courtyard at Chengfu Road, Haidian district. Dai, who is one of the millions of migrants moving to the capital from other parts of China seeking a better life and better job, said he realized his financial burden had become too great. The Hunan native said he simply could not make ends meet (收支相抵) when he became an intern at a Beijing-based construction design company in 2009. “I rented a home at the very beginning--a small room in an apartment that cost me about 900 yuan per month,” said Dai in an interview with local media. “It was too expensive for me.” Dai’s father works on a construction site in his hometown and his mother is a cleaner. Dai, who ended up becoming a formal employee of the company, figured out his own way to solve the problem---with inspiration from a housing design project at his company’s exhibition early this year. The project, named “an egg given birth to by the city”, included a series of egg-like movable houses, with a karaoke house, chair house and trader’s house in it. Dai, who borrowed 6,400 yuan from an older cousin and who got additional help from several friends, decided to make one of his own. He spent nearly two months building his “egg house” in his hometown, a village in southeast Hunan that is around 1,700 kilometers from Beijing. 9. Dai built the pad because_______. A. he will sell it for money. B. he had no house to get married in. C. he wanted to get help from the society. D. he hadn’t enough money to buy or rent a house. 10. What can we infer from the text? A. Dai came up with the idea when he was an intern in a design company. B. Dai completed the house all by himself. C. Dai’s unique house got attention online. D. Dai had a big financial burden after he finished his egg house. 11. Where is this passage probably taken from? A. A story book. B. A cartoon film. C. A news report. D. A research report. 【答案】9. D 10. C 11. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了一个叫戴海飞的北漂故事。作为一个在北京工作的湖南人，由于无力支付房租或买房，他就自制了一个能移动的6平方米住所。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Dai Haifei built the 6-square-meter pad (住所) because he could not afford to buy or rent in the capital.(戴海飞建造了这个 6 平方米的住所，因为他在首都买不起也租不起房子。)”可知，戴海飞建造这个住所是因为他没有足够的钱去买或租房子。故选D项。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“With the average home in the capital selling for 19,548 yuan a meter in November, a tiny mobile home built by a 24-year-old office worker is creating a stir (震动) online.(11月，首都的平均房价为每平方米19548元，一名24岁的上班族建造的一个小移动房屋在网上引起了轰动。)”可知，戴海飞独特的房子在网上引起了关注。故选C项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。文章主要讲述了24岁的上班族戴海飞因为在北京买不起也租不起房子，所以自己建造了一个小移动房屋，并且这个房子在网上引起了轰动的事情。文章内容具有新闻性，且有具体的事件、人物等信息，所以这篇文章很可能来自一篇新闻报道。故选C项。 第二节 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Finding a Summer Job Thinking about a summer job? To find a job that’s right for you, make a list of your interests and strengths, as well as your dislikes and the things you need some improvement in, and keep them in mind as you look for a job. ___12___ Try to find something that can help guide you toward your long-term goals, For example, if you want to study veterinary (兽医) science in college, finding a job in a vet’s office or animal shelter, or even a pet store, may be better choices for you than working in a restaurant. As Jobs become harder to find, you may have to take whatever is available—and that’s OK. ___13___ Just try to find some aspect of the work that you love and can learn from. ___14___ Summer jobs are a great way to prepare for life after high school or for college. The skills you learn early will help you develop the professional talents you’ll need throughout your life. These include basic but important skills like customer service or working with people who may be very different from the friends you hang out with. ___15___ The self-esteem and self-confidence you can develop at a job will come in handy when you’re ready to interview for college or a job after high school. A. Why get a summer job? B. What’s the right job for me? C. Learning to readjust goals is another important life skill. D. A job should be about learning as well as making money. E. Work experience can also help you feel good about yourself. F. Some companies and businesses offer bright students short-term training. 【答案】12. D 13. C 14. A 15. E 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要围绕暑期工作展开，介绍了如何找到适合自己的暑期工作，以及暑期工作的重要性和意义，从而向读者说明有关暑期工作的相关信息。 【12题详解】 根据下文“Try to find something that can help guide you toward your long-term goals, For example, if you want to study veterinary(兽医)science in college, finding a job in a vet’s office or animal shelter, or even a pet store, may be better choices for you than working in a restaurant.(尽量找一些能帮助你朝着长期目标前进的工作。例如，如果你想在大学里学习兽医专业，那么在兽医诊所、动物收容所，甚至是宠物店找一份工作，对你来说可能会比在餐馆工作是更好的选择。)”可知，本段讲述了应该找能帮助你朝着长期目标前进的工作。选项D“A job should be about learning as well as making money.(工作不仅是为了赚钱，也是为了学习。)”与下文内容相符，指出找工作应该有助于自己的学习。故选D。 【13题详解】 根据上文“As Jobs become harder to find, you may have to take whatever is available—and that’s OK.(随着工作越来越难找，你可能不得不接受任何能得到的工作——这也没关系。)”可知，我们需要接受任何能找到的工作，因为现在工作很难找。选项C“Learning to readjust goals is another important life skill.(学会重新调整目标是另一项重要的生活技能。)”延续上文内容，指出在工作难找的情况下要学会调整目标，接受能得到的工作，符合语境。故选C。 【14题详解】 根据下文“Summer jobs are a great way to prepare for life after high school or for college. The skills you learn early will help you develop the professional talents you’ll need throughout your life. These include basic but important skills like customer service or working with people who may be very different from the friends you hang out with.(暑期工作是为高中毕业后的生活或大学生活做准备的好方法。你早期学到的技能将有助于培养你一生所需的专业才能。这些技能包括一些基础但重要的技能，比如客户服务，或者与那些可能和你一起出去玩的朋友截然不同的人共事。)”可知，该段主要阐述了暑期工作对高中毕业后或上大学的准备作用以及能学到的技能等，也就是为什么要找暑期工作。选项A“Why get a summer job?(为什么要找一份暑期工作呢？)”作为段落主旨句，引出后文对找暑期工作原因的说明。故选A。 【15题详解】 根据下文“The self-esteem and self-confidence you can develop at a job will come in handy when you’re ready to interview for college or a job after high school.(你在工作中培养起来的自尊和自信，在你准备大学面试或高中毕业后找工作时会派上用场。)”可知，工作能培养自尊和自信，对之后的大学面试或高中毕业后找工作有帮助。选项E“Work experience can also help you feel good about yourself.(工作经历也能帮助你自我感觉良好。)”中的“feel good about yourself”与下文的“The self-esteem and self-confidence”相呼应，符合语境。故选E。 第三部分：英语知识运用 第一节 完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从31-45题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 In Britain, people have different attitudes to the police. Most people generally respect them and the job they do-although there are ____16____ people who do not believe that the police should have the power that they do. What does a policeman actually do? It is not ____17____ job to describe. After all, a policeman has a number of jobs in one. A policeman often has to control traffic, either on foot in the center of a town, or in a police car on the roads. Indeed, in Britain, he might be in the Traffic Police and spend all, or a lot of, his time ____18____up and down main roads and motorways. A traffic policeman has to help keep the traffic moving, stop speeding motorists and help when there is an accident. A policeman has to help maintain(维护) ____19____, too. If there is a fight or some other disturbance, we ____20____the police to come and restore order. And they often have to ____21____ situation at great risk and make sure the public reach____22____. We expect the police to solve crimes, of course, so an ordinary policeman, ____23____ he is not a detective(侦探), will often have to help ____24____ and arrest criminals. And _____25_____ do we call when there is an emergency-an air crash, a _____26_____, a road accident, or a robbery? We call the police. _____27_____ a policeman has to be _____28_____ to face any unpleasant emergency that may happen in the _____29_____ world. The police do an absolutely necessary job. They do it extremely well and I support them, but I do not envy policemen. I do not think that I could _____30_____ do the job of a policeman. 16. A. certain B. fixed C. regular D. specific 17. A. a funny B. a pleasant C. an interesting D. an easy 18. A. walking B. driving C. wandering D. searching 19. A. peace B. call C. situation D. condition 20. A. wait for B. speech C. think of D. expect 21. A. turn to B. avoid C. deal with D. treat 22. A. safety B. fortune C. happiness D. attention 23. A. but B. as if C. however D. even if 24. A. get rid of B. blame C. look for D. sentence 25. A. how B. where C. what D. who 26. A. power failure B. fire C. thunder storm D. thief 27. A. Yet B. Then C. As D. So 28. A. provided B. promised C. prepared D. presented 29. A. future B. modern C. real D. whole 30. A. hardly B. forever C. ever D. never 【答案】16. A 17. D 18. B 19. A 20. D 21. C 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. D 26. B 27. D 28. C 29. B 30. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英国警察的职责和工作内容，包括控制交通、维护和平、解决犯罪以及应对紧急情况等。 【16题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：大多数人普遍尊重警察以及他们所从事的工作——尽管有一些人认为警察不应该拥有他们现有的权力。A. certain确定的、某些；B. fixed固定的；C. regular有规律的；D. specific具体的。根据上文“Most people generally respect them and the job they do”可知，大多数人都尊重警察以及这份工作，但还是有某些人不相信警察应该拥有他们所拥有的权力。故选A。 【17题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这份工作可不容易描述。A. a funny一个有趣的；B. a pleasant一个愉快的；C. an interesting一个有意思的；D. an easy一个容易的。根据下文“After all, a policeman has a number of jobs in one.”可知，警察的工作很难描述，不是一份容易的工作。故选D。 【18题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：实际上，在英国，警察可能会成为交通警察，把全部或大量的时间花在主干道和高速公路上开车巡逻。A. walking步行；B. driving驾驶；C. wandering徘徊；D. searching搜索。根据上文“A policeman often has to control traffic, either on foot in the center of a town, or in a police car on the roads.”以及“he might be in the Traffic Police”以及常理可知，交通警察经常在主要道路和高速公路上开车巡逻。故选B。 【19题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：警察也必须协助维护治安。A. peace和平；B. call呼叫；C. situation情况；D. condition条件。根据下文“If there is a fight or some other disturbance, we ____5____ the police to come and restore order.”可知，警察还要帮助维护和平。故选A。 【20题详解】 考查动词以及动词短语辨析。句意：如果发生打架斗殴或其他骚乱事件，我们会期望警察前来恢复秩序。A. wait for等待；B. speech演讲；C. think of想到；D. expect期望。根据上文“A policeman has to help maintain(维护) ____4____ , too.”可知，在英国，警察需要维持治安。由此可知，当有打架斗殴以及骚乱事件发生时，人们会期望警察恢复秩序。故选D。 【21题详解】 考查动词以及动词短语辨析。句意：而且他们常常得冒着极大的风险处理各种情况，确保公众的安全。A. turn to转向；B. avoid避免；C. deal with处理；D. treat对待。根据上文“If there is a fight or some other disturbance, we ____5____ the police to come and restore order.”可知，警察需要恢复公共秩序，也就是说警察经常不得不冒着很大的风险处理各种情况。故选C。 22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：而且他们常常得冒着极大的风险处理各种情况，确保公众的安全。A. safety安全；B. fortune财富；C. happiness幸福；D. attention注意。根据段首句“A policeman has to help maintain(维护) ____4____, too.”可知，警察需要维持治安。再根据上文“they often have to ____6____ situation at great risk”可知，警察需要处理各种情况从而确保公众的安全。故选A。 【23题详解】 考查连接词词义辨析。句意：当然，我们期望警察能侦破犯罪案件，所以，即使一名普通警察不是侦探，他也常常得协助搜寻并逮捕罪犯。A. but但是；B. as if仿佛；C. however然而；D. even if即使。分析句子成分可知，空处考查让步状语从句的引导词，意为“即使”。故选D。 【24题详解】 考查动词以及动词短语辨析。句意：当然，我们期望警察能侦破犯罪案件，所以，即使一名普通警察不是侦探，他也常常得协助搜寻并逮捕罪犯。A. get rid of摆脱；B. blame责备；C. look for寻找；D. sentence判刑。根据上文“We expect the police to solve crimes”可知，警察需要侦破犯罪案件；再根据空后“arrest criminals”可知，经常需要协助搜寻罪犯。故选C。 【25题详解】 考查连接词词义辨析。句意：当发生紧急情况时，比如飞机坠毁、火灾、交通事故或抢劫，我们会给谁打电话呢？A. how如何；B. where哪儿；C. what什么；D. who谁。根据下文“We call the police.”可知，这里问当有紧急情况时我们打电话给谁。故选D。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当发生紧急情况时，比如飞机坠毁、火灾、交通事故或抢劫，我们会给谁打电话呢？A. power failure停电；B. fire火；C. thunder storm雷雨；D. thief小偷。根据上文“an emergency-an air crash”以及空后“a road accident, or a robbery”可知，这里说的都是紧急情况。四个选项中，“fire”也属于紧急情况，而“power failure”和“thunder storm”不属于需要警察紧急处理的情况；“thief”是人，不是紧急情况。故选B。 【27题详解】 考查连接词词义辨析。句意：所以，警察必须随时准备好面对现代社会中可能发生的任何令人不快的紧急情况。A. Yet然而；B. Then然后；C. As当……时；D. So因此。根据空前“We call the police.”以及空后“a policeman has to be ____13____ to face any unpleasant emergency that may happen in the ____14____ world.”之间存在因果关系，用so引导。故选D。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以，警察必须随时准备好面对现代社会中可能发生的任何令人不快的紧急情况。A. provided提供；B. promised承诺；C. prepared准备；D. presented呈现。根据上文“And ____10____ do we call when there is an emergency-an air crash, a ____11____ , a road accident, or a robbery? We call the police.”可知，人们在紧急情况下会打电话给警察。由此可知，警察需要随时准备好面对现代社会中可能发生的任何令人不快的紧急情况。故选C。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以，警察必须随时准备好面对现代社会中可能发生的任何令人不快的紧急情况。A. future未来的；B. modern现代的；C. real真实的；D. whole全部的。根据文章内容可知，文章主要讲述了在如今的社会中，英国警察需要做些什么工作。由此可知，此处指的是警察必须随时准备好面对现代社会中可能发生的任何令人不快的紧急情况。故选B。 【30题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我认为自己永远也无法胜任警察的工作。A. hardly几乎不；B. forever永远；C. ever曾经；D. never永不。根据上文“They do it extremely well and I support them, but I do not envy policemen.”可知，作者说自己不羡慕警察，认为自己永远不可能做警察的工作，ever用于否定句中表示“在任何时候，从来”，加强语气。故选C。 第四部分：写作（共两节，满分20分） 第一节：单词拼写（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 31. Jane b________ into tears when her sister told her that their dog was ill. （根据首字母单词拼写） 【答案】burst##urst 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：当简的姐姐告诉她她们的狗生病了时，简突然哭了起来。根据句意和首字母提示可知，空处应填动词burst“爆发”，burst into tears“突然大哭起来”为固定短语，由从句中told可知，句子应用一般过去时，burst的过去式为burst。故填burst。 32. I would a________ it if you give me a discount on this. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】appreciate##ppreciate 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：如果你能给我折扣，我会很感激的。 根据单词首字母以及句意“感激”，可知应填动词appreciate，would后跟动词原形。故填appreciate。 33. Lions and tigers b______ to the cat family. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】belong##elong 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：狮子和老虎属于猫科。根据狮子和老虎和猫科的关系可知，它们“属于”猫科，结合首字母提示，用动词belong作谓语，句子陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语Lions and tigers是复数，谓语动词用动词原形。故填belong。 34. I r________ her by her red hair when she came here yesterday. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】recognized##ecognized 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：昨天她到这儿的时候，我凭借她的一头红发认出了她。根据句意和首字母可知，此空应填recognize，表“认出”，为动词，在本句中作谓语，且这里时态应与后文一致用一般过去时。故填recognized。 35. Are you f________with the computer software they use? (根据首字母单词拼写） 【答案】familiar 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：你熟悉他们用的电脑软件？根据句意和首字母提示，应填形容词familiar“熟悉的”作表语，are是系动词，接形容词作表语，故填familiar。 36. The drink doesn’t c_______ any sugar. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】contain##ontain 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：这种饮料不含任何糖分。根据句意和首字母提示可知，空处应填动词contain“包含；含有”，doesn’t后接动词原形。故填contain。 37. The trip was expensive but it was w______ every penny. 【答案】worth##orth 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这次旅行很贵，但很值得。根据上文was可知应填形容词worth“值得的”。 38. He e _______ about $40,000 a year. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】earns##arns 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：他一年挣大约4万美元。由“about $40,000”可知，句子表示“挣”，由首字母提示e可知，是earn，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语He是单数，因此空格处用第三人称单数，故填earns。 39. Jack would never frighten anyone or cause them any h_______.（根据首字母单词拼写） 【答案】harm##arm 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：Jack从不会恐吓任何人或给他们造成任何伤害。根据句意和首字母可知，空处填harm作宾语。故填harm。 40. The scientists a _______ great importance to the research. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】attached##ttached 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：科学家们非常重视这项研究。attach importance to重视……。根据首字母提示及句意，故填attached。 第二节；书面表达（共1小题，满分10分） 41. 假设你是李华，你的美国朋友Tom上个月来到北京学习。十月份你将去北京参加暑期中学生英语演讲比赛(speech contest)，你在资料搜集、语言运用等方面遇到了困难。请根据以下要点给Tom写一封电子邮件：　　 1.询问Tom的生活和学习情况；　　 2.谈谈你的困难并请Tom帮忙；　　 3.告诉Tom你打算赛后去看他。 注意：1．词数：100词左右； 2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Tom, It has been a month since you studied in Beijing. How are things going these days? I'm writing to tell you that I am going to take part in an English speech contest for middle school students in October. The opportunity is of great importance for me,so I am busy making preparations for it to have a good performance. However I still have some difficulty in collecting useful materials. Meanwhile,I find it hard to use English properly. I would appreciate it if you could lend me a hand. I miss you so much that I hope to see you in Beijing after the English contest. I am looking forward to the cheerful moment that we will spend together. 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇应用文，要求写一封信。 【详解】第一步：审题。审题的目的是获取重要信息。通过审题我们可以确定几个方面的信息。第一，假设你是李华，你的美国朋友Tom上个月来到北京学习。十月份你将去北京参加暑期中学生英语演讲比赛(speech contest)，你在资料搜集、语言运用等方面遇到了困难。请根据以下要点给Tom写一封电子邮件：　　 1.询问Tom的生活和学习情况；　　 2.谈谈你困难并请Tom帮忙；　　 3.告诉Tom你打算赛后去看他; 第二，人称第一人称和第三人称。第三，时态为一般现在时。 第二步：布局段落，确定主要段落，次要段落，段落数量。这篇写作段落数量为三段。第一段，询问Tom的生活和学习情况；十月份你将去北京参加暑期中学生英语演讲比赛(speech contest)。第二段，谈谈你的困难并请Tom帮忙；告诉Tom你打算赛后去看他。第三段，表达希望。 第三步：确定关键词汇和短语: take part in，English speech contest for middle school students in October，making preparations for，l have some difficulty in doing sth, lend me a hand。 第四步：确定较为高级的句子: since 引导的时间状语从句It has been a month since you studied in Beijing. that 引导的宾语从句 I'm writing to tell you that I am going to take part in an English speech contest for middle school students in October. so …that 引导的结果状语从句I miss you so much that I hope to see you in Beijing after the English contest。 第五步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连接词进行过渡衔接: However， Meanwhile，Finally。 第六步：注意书写，保持卷面整洁，避免划线，乱擦。 【点睛】文章思路清晰，语言规范，段落整齐，语篇连贯，层次清晰。使用了较为高级的句式: since 引导的时间状语从句It has been a month since you studied in Beijing. that 引导的宾语从句 I'm writing to tell you that I am going to take part in an English speech contest for middle school students in October. so …that 引导的结果状语从句I miss you so much that I hope to see you in Beijing after the English contest。 高级句式的应用提升了写作的档次，整个短文显示出了作者高水平的英语表达能力。 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2017-2018学年浙江省杭州市浙大附中高一下期中试卷 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节。第一节11小题，第二节4小题；每小题2分，满分30分） A When he was driving home one evening on a country road, he saw an old lady, stranded (抛锚的) on the side of the road. He stopped in front of her car and got out. Even with the smile on his face, she was worried. He looked poor and hungry. He knew how she felt. He said, “I am here to help you, madam. Why don’t you wait in the car where it is warm? By the way, my name is Joe.’’ She had a flat tire. Joe crawled under the car, changed the tire. But he got dirty and his hands hurt. She could not thank him enough and asked him how much she owed him. He told her that if she really wanted to pay him back, the next time she saw someone who needed help, she could give that person the assistance they needed, and Joe added, “And think of me.” She drove off. A few miles down the road the lady saw a small restaurant. She went in. The waitress had a sweet smile, and was nearly 8 months pregnant. The old lady wondered how someone like her who seemed poor could be so kind to a stranger. Then she remembered Joe. After the lady finished her meal, the waitress went to get her change from a hundred dollar bill. But she stepped right out the door. When the waitress came back, she noticed something written on a piece of paper, “I am helping you because someone helped me. If you really want to pay me back, here is what you do — Don’t let the chain of love end with you.” That night when she got home, she was thinking about the money and what the lady had written. She and her husband needed money with the baby going to be born next month. She knew how worried her husband was, and as he lay sleeping next to her, she said in a small voice, “everything’s going to be all right. I love you, Joe.” 1. At the restaurant, the lady_________ A. received good service B. had an expensive meal C. told the waitress Joe’s story D. met another poor guest 2. Why did the lady leave the restaurant without getting her change? A. She forgot it. B. She wanted to help Joe. C. She would get it later. D. She wanted to give the waitress some help. 3. We can learn from the text that_______ A. Joe’s boss fired him. B. Joe worked as a driver C. Joe’s wife was the waitress D. Joe had an unhappy marriage 4. By telling the story, the writer tries to show that_________ A. helping others is yourself B. Kindness can be passed from one person to another. C. Poverty does no harm to a happy marriage D. A happy family depends on a happy marriage B With more and more cars on the road, traffic jams are inevitable. Traffic jams can lead to increased accidents as there are more cars, with more people trying to get to their destination, all the while getting worse. Although it’s impossible to avoid traffic jams altogether, there are some tips you can follow to reduce the amount of time on the road. Check for traffic jams before you leave. You can listen to the radio for traffic news, or check on the Internet to get up-to-minute information on traffic. If the route you want to take is heavy with traffic, you can choose another. Look for a different route all the time. Most traffic jams occur on busy roads. Using country roads could see you avoiding a lot of traffic. Although the distance you may have to travel is further, it can work out quicker. Set your car radio to receive traffic bulletins. Many new car stereo systems (汽车音响系统) are equipped with a radio system by which you can hear the traffic channel. This way you can get the latest traffic information and change your journey if necessary. ___5___. Most traffic jams usually occur during rush hour, so try to avoid this time period if possible. Some jobs offer flexible working hours so that you can travel to work outside of rush hour. Some jobs even allow you to work at home so as to avoid commuting altogether. Ask your manager to see what you can do if traffic is a problem for you. Use public transport where available. The easiest way to avoid traffic jams is to take buses or the underground instead of driving your own car. Not only will you avoid traffic jams but you will most likely be saving money as the cost of motoring rises. 5 The underlined word “inevitable” in Paragraph 1 probably means ___________. A. hard to accept B. impossible to avoid C. getting less serious D. seen everywhere 6. The author wrote the text in order to ____________. A. explain the phenomenon of traffic jam B. tell us the bad effects of traffic jams C. tell us what we can do during the traffic jams D. tell us how to deal with traffic jams 7. Which of the following can be put in the blank in the text? A. Choose a job that has flexible working hours B. Make friends with your manager C. Try traveling at different time D. Work far away from home 8. According to the author we should use public transport because _____. A it is cheaper and can avoid traffic jams B. it is convenient for us to catch the bus C. it is environmentally-friendly D. it is completely free from traffic jams. C With the average home in the capital selling for 19,548 yuan a meter in November, a tiny mobile home built by a 24-year-old office worker is creating a stir(震动) online. Dai Haifei built the 6-square-meter pad (住所) because he could not afford to buy or rent in the capital. Dai’s new home costs him 6,400 yuan and he has been living in it for nearly two months in courtyard at Chengfu Road, Haidian district. Dai, who is one of the millions of migrants moving to the capital from other parts of China seeking a better life and better job, said he realized his financial burden had become too great. The Hunan native said he simply could not make ends meet (收支相抵) when he became an intern at a Beijing-based construction design company in 2009. “I rented a home at the very beginning--a small room in an apartment that cost me about 900 yuan per month,” said Dai in an interview with local media. “It was too expensive for me.” Dai’s father works on a construction site in his hometown and his mother is a cleaner. Dai, who ended up becoming a formal employee of the company, figured out his own way to solve the problem---with inspiration from a housing design project at his company’s exhibition early this year. The project, named “an egg given birth to by the city”, included a series of egg-like movable houses, with a karaoke house, chair house and trader’s house in it. Dai, who borrowed 6,400 yuan from an older cousin and who got additional help from several friends, decided to make one of his own. He spent nearly two months building his “egg house” in his hometown, a village in southeast Hunan that is around 1,700 kilometers from Beijing. 9. Dai built the pad because_______. A. he will sell it for money. B. he had no house to get married in. C. he wanted to get help from the society. D. he hadn’t enough money to buy or rent a house. 10. What can we infer from the text? A. Dai came up with the idea when he was an intern in a design company. B. Dai completed the house all by himself. C. Dai’s unique house got attention online. D. Dai had a big financial burden after he finished his egg house. 11. Where is this passage probably taken from? A. A story book. B. A cartoon film. C. A news report. D. A research report. 第二节 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Finding a Summer Job Thinking about a summer job? To find a job that’s right for you, make a list of your interests and strengths, as well as your dislikes and the things you need some improvement in, and keep them in mind as you look for a job. ___12___ Try to find something that can help guide you toward your long-term goals, For example, if you want to study veterinary (兽医) science in college, finding a job in a vet’s office or animal shelter, or even a pet store, may be better choices for you than working in a restaurant. As Jobs become harder to find, you may have to take whatever is available—and that’s OK. ___13___ Just try to find some aspect of the work that you love and can learn from. ___14___ Summer jobs are a great way to prepare for life after high school or for college. The skills you learn early will help you develop the professional talents you’ll need throughout your life. These include basic but important skills like customer service or working with people who may be very different from the friends you hang out with. ___15___ The self-esteem and self-confidence you can develop at a job will come in handy when you’re ready to interview for college or a job after high school. A. Why get a summer job? B What’s the right job for me? C. Learning to readjust goals is another important life skill. D. A job should be about learning as well as making money. E. Work experience can also help you feel good about yourself. F. Some companies and businesses offer bright students short-term training. 第三部分：英语知识运用 第一节 完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从31-45题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 In Britain, people have different attitudes to the police. Most people generally respect them and the job they do-although there are ____16____ people who do not believe that the police should have the power that they do. What does a policeman actually do? It is not ____17____ job to describe. After all, a policeman has a number of jobs in one. A policeman often has to control traffic, either on foot in the center of a town, or in a police car on the roads. Indeed, in Britain, he might be in the Traffic Police and spend all, or a lot of, his time ____18____up and down main roads and motorways. A traffic policeman has to help keep the traffic moving, stop speeding motorists and help when there is an accident. A policeman has to help maintain(维护) ____19____, too. If there is a fight or some other disturbance, we ____20____the police to come and restore order. And they often have to ____21____ situation at great risk and make sure the public reach____22____. We expect the police to solve crimes, of course, so an ordinary policeman, ____23____ he is not a detective(侦探), will often have to help ____24____ and arrest criminals. And _____25_____ do we call when there is an emergency-an air crash, a _____26_____, a road accident, or a robbery? We call the police. _____27_____ a policeman has to be _____28_____ to face any unpleasant emergency that may happen in the _____29_____ world. The police do an absolutely necessary job. They do it extremely well and I support them, but I do not envy policemen. I do not think that I could _____30_____ do the job of a policeman. 16. A. certain B. fixed C. regular D. specific 17. A. a funny B. a pleasant C. an interesting D. an easy 18. A. walking B. driving C. wandering D. searching 19. A. peace B. call C. situation D. condition 20. A. wait for B. speech C. think of D. expect 21. A. turn to B. avoid C. deal with D. treat 22. A. safety B. fortune C. happiness D. attention 23. A. but B. as if C. however D. even if 24. A. get rid of B. blame C. look for D. sentence 25. A. how B. where C. what D. who 26. A. power failure B. fire C. thunder storm D. thief 27. A. Yet B. Then C. As D. So 28. A. provided B. promised C. prepared D. presented 29. A. future B. modern C. real D. whole 30. A. hardly B. forever C. ever D. never 第四部分：写作（共两节，满分20分） 第一节：单词拼写（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 31. Jane b________ into tears when her sister told her that their dog was ill. （根据首字母单词拼写） 32. I would a________ it if you give me a discount on this. (根据首字母单词拼写) 33. Lions and tigers b______ to the cat family. (根据首字母单词拼写) 34. I r________ her by her red hair when she came here yesterday. (根据首字母单词拼写) 35. Are you f________with the computer software they use? (根据首字母单词拼写） 36. The drink doesn’t c_______ any sugar. (根据首字母单词拼写) 37. The trip was expensive but it was w______ every penny. 38. He e _______ about $40000 a year. (根据首字母单词拼写) 39. Jack would never frighten anyone or cause them any h_______.（根据首字母单词拼写） 40. The scientists a _______ great importance to the research. (根据首字母单词拼写) 第二节；书面表达（共1小题，满分10分） 41. 假设你是李华，你的美国朋友Tom上个月来到北京学习。十月份你将去北京参加暑期中学生英语演讲比赛(speech contest)，你在资料搜集、语言运用等方面遇到了困难。请根据以下要点给Tom写一封电子邮件：　　 1.询问Tom的生活和学习情况；　　 2.谈谈你的困难并请Tom帮忙；　　 3.告诉Tom你打算赛后去看他。 注意：1．词数：100词左右； 2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$