精品解析：上海市曹杨第二中学2024-2025学年高一下学期3月测评英语试卷

上海市曹杨二中2024学年度第二学期 高一年级3月份英语阶段评价 Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence. 1. The book, _________ with vivid illustrations and _________ by an award-winning author, became a bestseller. A. filled; written B. filling; writing C. filled; written about D. filling; writing by 2. There are some environmental issues that, when _________ properly, can lead to more severe consequences in the future. A. not addressed B. not being addressed C. not to be addressed D. not having been addressed 3. — Can you bring forward a better solution? — This is the best way I can imagine _________ the project ahead of schedule. A. completing B. to have completed C. to complete D. completed 4. _________ by the recent economic downturn and _________ their profits declining, the company decided to cut costs. A. Affected; finding B. Affecting; found C. Having been affected; finding D. To be affected; found 5. The scientist, _________ to his endeavor in the field of brain-computer interface, conducted experiments tirelessly, _________ any failures. A. committing; overcome B. committed; overcoming C. being committed; overcoming D. to commit; overcome 6. With the meal _________, the family gathered around the table, _________ the delicious aroma. A. to be prepared; enjoying B. prepared; enjoyed C. preparing; enjoyed D. prepared; enjoying 7. _________ the renovation on time, the construction workers were praised for their efficiency, _________their attention to detail and safety. A. Having completed; highlighting B. To complete; to highlight C. Completed; highlighted D. Completing; to highlight 8. (2013·新课标全国卷Ⅰ)The driver wanted to park his car near the roadside but was asked by the police ________． A. not to do B. not to C. not do D. do not 9. Shortly after suffering from a massive earthquake and ________ to ruins, the city took on a new look. A. reducing B. reduced C. being reduced D. having reduced 10. Do let your mother know all the truth. She appears _________ everything. A. to tell B. to have been told C. to be telling D. to have told Section B (10%) Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks use one word that best fits. Eating Habits of the French As a French living abroad, I'm often asked about the eating habits of the French. In this article, I've set out to explain them in detail while sharing my experience and culture. This ____11____ give you some simple ideas on how to eat better and live healthier. One of the most important habits in France is ____12____ we call “conscious eating”. We know how important it is to savor every mouthful, without distractions like TV or phones. Even when I'm busy with some important work, I make sure to sit down quietly to eat, ____13____ heat up a frozen pie. That way, I can really taste and appreciate what I'm eating and connect ____14____ my work. This habit makes meals more enjoyable and also helps me to avoid overeating, as I'm more aware of how much I'm consuming. In France, we have well-defined mealtimes, and it's a habit I ____15____ (follow) , always. Breakfast is between7 and 8 a. m. , lunch is between 12 and 1 p. m. , and dinner is between 7 and 8: 30 p. m. These times can be quite strict. 1f you're on vacation in France, it'll be hard for you to find a place to eat at 3 or 6 p. m. What's more, we rarely skip meals, and each one is important. Breakfast is often light but essential, with coffee, bread and fruit. Lunch is the main meal of the day, ____16____ (fill) with lighter food. This precise rhythm helps avoid snacking and overeating in general. Portion control is also important. While traveling and living abroad, I've noticed that portions are often much larger elsewhere. It's true that at home, dishes are smaller, but we often add a starter, such as raw vegetables, ____17____ (balance) the meal. In France, eating is a social activity. Sharing a meal with someone else makes the moment more enjoyable and encourages slower eating. For us, mealtime isn't just about eating; it's a special time of the day. We spend time together, talk about the day and reconnect. This tradition of eating with family and friends also makes meals____18____ (relaxing) . ____19____ (look) back on my childhood and the eating habits I've kept, I realize that there's a lot to learn from the way the French approach food. In short, if you practice conscious eating, stick to regular mealtimes, control your portions, and enjoy meals in the company of _____20_____, you too can develop a healthier relationship with food. Section C (5%) Directions: Complete the following sentences by using the words and phrases in the box. Each can only be used once. Note that there is one more than you need. A. campaigns B. function C. credited D. revealing E. identifying F. protest G. emerged H. target I. specializing J. transported K. phenomena 21. As people grow to recognize scams, the scammers grow more sophisticated. Take, for example, romance scams. Scammers steal photos of good-looking people and _________ young, vulnerable people online. They get the victim to fall in love with them before asking for money. 22. “What makes Human cuisine delicious is that it is stir-fried on high heat; it requires a chef, an open flame and several big woks with many fresh spices,” Liu continues. Some people may also seek out Human cuisine to _________ against pre-cooked meals, believing that fresher is better. 23. To decide whether AI tools can really demonstrate humor, we must first understand how they work. Large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT _________ by processing billions of lines of text from sources like the Internet and unpacking the patterns and relationships in the text. In other words, Al can tell jokes the way a five-year-old does, by repeating a successful one they heard, or trying to make an obvious variation of one. 24. Among the losses in the fire was the Bunny Museum, husband-and-wife Steve Lubanski and Candace Frazee’s grand ode to rabbits. The museum was a place that _________ guests to a magical world where the bunny permeated all aspects of life. There were stuffed bunnies, miniature porcelain bunnies, bunny cookie jars, bunny movie posters, bunny costumes, bunny books, and on and on. 25. The success of the film NE ZHA is largely _________ to the high quality of its animation, but critics also note the story, which is not only entertaining but also manages to reach deeply into the human heart. The story is based on Investiture of the Gods, a 16th-century novel inspired by an ancient Chinese myth. 26. In modern times, science has swept away the idea of the supernatural. We know physics and chemistry, and we understand what causes natural _________ such as earthquakes and volcanoes. However, what science has failed to explain, and perhaps never can, is our human consciousness—the unique awareness of ourselves, including our thoughts, memories and emotions. 27. During my previous internship, I had the opportunity to work with several marketing teams. I assisted in developing social media _________, analyzed market trends and conducted competitor research. These experiences have given me a deeper understanding of many marketing tools and platforms. 28. If Brazil is a top coffee producer, Starbucks takes the prize among coffee shops. Today, Starbucks is more than just a global coffee chain; the latte has also become an economist’s tool. Varying Starbucks indexes have _________ to measure the strength of local currencies by comparing the price of a latte around the world. 29. Coffee, it seems to me, offers us a(n) _________ window into our global economy and its dizzying supply chains. If you happen to be sipping coffee while reading this article, you are “drinking” globalization in a mug. 30. Students in the U.S. who had to study at home during the pandemic still have lower scores than they did before, which seems to confirm the importance of going to class with a teacher. However, the arrival of AI chatbots have changed all that. They can be trained with tons of knowledge and programmed to teach effectively. I have experimented with Al tools that were designed to teach English. They seem to be good at _________ errors in speakers’ pronunciation and grammar. Section D (5%) Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. distant B. extinction C. represent D. distinguished E. diverse F. convinced G. documenting H. engage I. tragedy J. linguistic K. estimated The Race to Save the World’s Disappearing Languages To spend an afternoon in Jackson Heights is to spend an afternoon touring the world. The neighborhood is home to some 180,000 people. These people speak more than 160 of the 700-plus languages that have been recorded in New York City. It is commonly believed to be the most linguistically ____31____ neighborhood in the world. However, just like the world it does ____32____, Jackson Heights has a problem: Its language are disappearing. Linguists warn that most of the about 7,000 languages spoken on the planet are at risk of dying out. According to UNESCO, the last living speaker of a language dies about every two weeks. This is a cultural ____33____ driven by several factors. Fortunately, linguists are exploring different solutions to bring them back from the verge of ____34____. Many of these efforts are focused on digitally ____35____ endangered languages. Experts hope that even if the languages cannot be saved, they can be kept for future study. One of the earliest and most successful examples is the Rosetta Project launched in 2000 and later supported by Google. The project has grown into a digital library recording more than 3, 000 endangered languages. In addition to collecting ____36____ data, linguists worldwide are turning to AI. The aim is to build large linguistic databases for endangered languages. This is the prerequisite for building any language-based AI model. In2018, for example, a language center in Australia partnered with Google to build AI models for some indigenous languages. These sorts of measures are an important part of protecting endangered languages. However, not everyone is ____37____ that the efforts will be enough to save them. In fact, it’s even difficult to build effective AI models of those languages. It’s ____38____ that less than five percent of the world’s languages can be digitally recorded. Most of them have not had time to train these models. It seems that useful AI models are still a ____39____ dream for most endangered languages. Still, the current technology can act as an educational tool. It provides protection against the further erosion of endangered languages. In2021, for example, Google Arts & Culture introduced Woolaroo. The app was designed to help younger generations _____40_____ with their linguistic heritage. In Woolaroo, the user can point their phone at an object—say, a tree. Then they’ll see and hear the word in more than ten indigenous languages from around the world. “I don’t believe we can save these endangered languages with just Al,” says linguist Daan van Esch. “A language is only saved when people continue to speak it. But if AI can be a tool that makes speaking it easier, then I consider that a job well done.” Ⅲ. Reading Comprehension Section A (15%) Directions: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Social pressure is more powerful than many people think. What are you wearing now? What are your classmates wearing? How similar do they look? We can see the ___41___ of social pressure in people’s clothing styles, moods, and leisure activities. So, pressure to ___42___ social norms is strong. But can it be strong enough to make people express an opinion that is clearly completely ___43___? Solomon Asch carried out one of the most famous experiments in psychology. College students were told they would be participating in research about ___44___ perception. They were shown cards with three lines of different lengths and asked to indicate which was the same length as another, standard line (see right) . The correct answer was very clear. But when the students were put in a group of people who all gave the wrong answer, the results were rather ___45___. In each experiment, a number of trials were held. In each trial, the people who knew the real ___46___ of the experiment gave their answers first. The only real subject of the experiment was always one of the last. In the first three trials, everyone ___47___ the correct answer. But in the fourth, the first person to speak gave a response that was obviously incorrect, reporting that two lines were of the same length when actually they were clearly ___48___. The next person said the same thing — and the next, and so on, until all group members except the real participant had settled on an incorrect judgment. The real participant then had to decide whether to follow or to remain ___49___ and believe the evidence of his or her own eyes. What did the participants in this ___50___ finally do? As you might expect, nearly everyone showed signs of disbelief and ___51___ when faced with a majority who saw the world so differently from what they did. As one participant later said, “I felt disturbed, puzzled, separated. ” But despite the participants’ distress, the group pressure usually ___52___. Three-quarters of those subjected to group pressure followed the false judgment of the group one or more times, while only a quarter stuck to their own opinion on all trials. In various related studies, between 50 and 80 percent followed the majority’s wrong judgment at least once; one-third ___53___ the majority’s incorrect judgments on half or more of the trials. The effect — the tendency for people to follow what the group says, even if it ___54___ with what they can see or know — is called the Asch effect. It prevents ___55___ decision making in all walks of life, from family discussions to company decision making. 41. A. sources B. degrees C. periods D. effects 42. A. obey B. establish C. identify D. forget 43. A. logical B. wrong C. favorable D. popular 44. A. public B. mental C. visual D. historical 45. A. similar B. satisfactory C. positive D. surprising 46. A. condition B. beginning C. purpose D. application 47. A. waited for B. agreed on C. looked into D. objected to 48. A. alone B. clear C. useless D. different 49. A. competitive B. independent C. convinced D. optimistic 50. A. position B. section C. business D. debate 51. A. discomfort B. weakness C. progress D. respect 52. A. faded B. won C. existed D. varied 53. A. gave in to B. looked forward to C. kept away from D. cut back on 54. A. influences B. reflects C. conflicts D. predicts 55. A. local B. quick C. early D. good Section B (15%) Directions: Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) My grandmother loved baking and was, therefore, an excellent baker. I can still see her massaging flour, sugar, eggs, yeast, butter and milk into dough and injecting the pastry with jam to make Buchteln. I can still hear her saying to her, a sustainable farmer, baking was the closest she could get to “the world of art”. I regret never telling her that even though she wasn’t graced with the life of an artist, she was nevertheless weaving something larger than her: a culture. Maybe she understood what she was doing after all. Once, she instructed me to never follow her recipes, but instead to adapt them however I saw fit. A culture, she was essentially saying, should be modified in line with the tastes and needs of the times. Well. I have altered most of my grandmother’s recipes, apart from the one—her recipe for potica, a traditional Slovenian pastry usually served at holiday, birthday and special celebrations. In essence, it is a roll made of leavened paper-thin dough, most often stuffed with walnut filling and raisins. Calling potica a “filled roll”, makes it seem easy to prepare, but it requires hours of work. The most painful part is grinding the walnuts. Before my grandmother began using a grinder, we filled a bag with walnuts and beat the bag with a hammer, until the nuts turned to paste. Ah, but why not simply buy a kilo of ground Californian walnuts? Oh! Because the secret to the best potica known to humans is walnuts from a tree that grows on my grandmother’s farm. This 15-meter-tall tree is an amusement park for crows and insects, and is also often populated by courageous children. It bears sweetest walnuts. Was, bore, I should write. In the past decade, the 30-year-old tree has changed. At first, the romantic in me wanted to believe it was mourning my grandmother’s death and just couldn’t yield sweet nuts any more. Next, I turned to common sense. Walnut harvests, I told myself, differ from season to season, so our half-empty baskets were nothing to worry about. However, after the fifth poor harvest with dry, bitter fruit, I understood that I was witnessing something better known as decay. In suitable conditions, walnut trees in our region can live up to 100 years and yield nuts until they’re middle-aged. But the circumstances for that particular potica tree have worsened. The trees endure frost and snow, heat and strong winds, storms and floods, and heavily polluted air, water, soil. Well, I spotted a sign of hope for poticas early this year. A sapling next to the dying tree. Perhaps the dying tree delivered all its remaining nutrients to this sapling, whispering: “The preservationists are already here, trust me.” 56. What was the primary reason the grandmother considered baking as close to “the world of art”? A. The use of unique ingredients. B. The precision required in baking. C. The therapeutic nature of the baking process. D. The creative and cultural significance of baking. 57. What did the grandmother advise the author regarding her recipes? A. To strictly follow the recipes as they were. B. To adapt the recipes according to personal taste. C. To share the recipes with others in their original form. D. To learn traditional recipes from other cultures instead. 58. Why were the bold words “Was, bore” underlined in the passage? A. To emphasize the tree’s historical significance on the farm. B. To showcase the author’s admiration for the tree’s longevity. C. To indicate a transition from past to present in the tree’s state. D. To highlight the author’s uncertainty about the tree’s current condition. 59. How did the author feel according to the last paragraph? A. Sad at the decay of the walnut tree. B. Hopeful about the future of the walnut tree. C. Indifferent to the changes in the walnut tree. D. Unpleased with the new sapling next to the dying tree. (B) How a Better Bedtime Routine Can Help Your Sleep Sleep is one of the most essential elements to a healthy lifestyle. Sleep quantity and quality are both key for optimal restoration, and for you to feel your best during the day. One of the best ways to get a great night’s sleep is to have a bedtime routine. Here are four tips to get to bed that make falling—and staying—asleep easier. Unplug for Optimal Sleep Try cutting up on electronic-device use as you get closer to bedtime. Our phones, computers, and televisions all emit blue light that can prolong how long we’re awake and potentially disrupt our sleep. Plus, endlessly scrolling Instagram or falling asleep to re -runs of your favourite TV show can keep you engaged and awake for longer, taking away from precious sleep time. Turn off the television, keep the lights low, and try leaving your electronic devices outside the bedroom. Set a Bedtime and Stick to it If you’re going to get consistent sleep, you need to go to bed and wake up at consistent times. It’s been proven that reliable sleep patterns help maintain a healthy circadian rhythm, which in turn promotes better sleep quality. Now that you’ve cut your screen time before bed, you’ll need an alarm clock. Find one that has sleep - friendly features like sound baths or meditations—or try a smart light to create the perfect atmosphere for a relaxing night. Revamp Your Bedtime Beauty Routine Our skin cells regenerate while we’re sleeping, which is why a consistent bedtime skincare routine is so important. Gentle exfoliants are great for retexturizing and brightening your skin while you sleep, and a rich, nourishing moisturizer will ensure you wake up glowing. Your oral care routine should also spark joy. With a patented technology that helps you squeeze out every drop, the new Colgate Elixir toothpaste is a dreamy addition to your bedtime routine. Plus, you can sleep easy knowing that Colgate Elixir’s chic tube and cap are fully recyclable. Unwind From a Long Day Creating a relaxing nighttime ritual is a great start to getting quality sleep. Foam - rolling exercise and a hot bath can help relax your muscles, and the feeling of scrubbed - clean bedsheets is truly unbeatable. Put away the screens, and instead opt for activities like meditation, journaling or listening to music. Adding the things like aromatherapy and candles, with comforting scents like lavender or chamomile, is a soothing way to help you settle into bed for a restful night. Visit colgate.ca to learn more about Colgate Elixir, available now at most major retailers for $6. 99. This article was sponsored by Colgate. 60. This page is intended to _________. A. deliver the importance of a good night’s sleep in a healthy lifestyle B. teach its readers how to sleep well with books, toothpastes and clocks C. introduce detailed instructions on using the toothpaste before bedtime D. advertise a toothpaste by providing tips on improving bedtime routines 61. What is special about Colgate Elixir? A. It brightens people’s skin when they sleep. B. It employs eco-friendly technology. C. It enables people to have good dreams. D. It ensures that people wake up glowing. 62. Which of the following statements is true based on the tips? A. An alarm clock can help regulate our sleep patterns. B. Electronic devices emit blue light that harms our sights. C. Colgate Elixir can help regenerate our cells during sleeps. D. Comforting scents can help relax our muscles before bedtime. (C) Since the end of World War II, a broad agreement in support of global economic integration as a force for peace and prosperity has been a pillar of the international order. This includes global trade deals, the European Union, the work of institutions like the World Bank, and the removal of capital controls. These efforts, driven by domestic progress, technology, and legislative changes, have made the world more closely connected and smaller. This broad program of global integration has been highly successful. We’ve avoided major wars, seen living standards rise, and made significant progress in fighting hunger, empowering women, as well as improving literacy and life expectancy. However, there is now a revolt against this integration, especially in the West. In the US, all presidential candidates oppose free-trade agreements like the Trans-Pacific Partnership. Trump’s proposals to wall off Mexico, cancel trade deals, and persecute Muslims are popular. The Brexit movement in the UK commands strong support, and meanwhile the EU faces challenges in maintaining open borders due to the refugee crisis. A major reason for this resistance is a lack of knowledge. People who lose jobs because factories move abroad blame globalization, but they never credit international trade for lower prices on goods. Successful exporters often attribute their success to their own skills rather than international agreements. So there is certainly a case for our leaders and business communities to educate people about the benefits of global integration. But at this late date, with the trends moving the wrong way, it is hard to be optimistic about such efforts. The core of the revolt against global integration, though, is the perception that globalization is an elite-driven project. Many believe that big companies set the agenda, playing countries against each other, and that globalization allows a few to avoid taxes and regulations. They see local communities suffering when employers lose out to foreign competitors. Elites can continue promoting integration projects and defending existing integration, hoping to win enough support so that nothing stands in the way of their efforts. The U. S. presidential campaign and the Brexit debate suggest that this approach may no longer work. Rather, future integration will depend more on technology and growth in developing countries. History shows that uncontrolled globalization without a strong leader or institutions is unlikely to succeed. Much more promising is this idea: The promotion of global integration can become a bottom-up rather than a top-down project. The emphasis can shift from promoting integration to managing its consequences. This would mean a shift from international trade agreements to international harmonization agreements, whereby issues such as labor rights and environmental protection would be central. It would also mean devoting as much political capital to the trillions of dollars that escape taxation or evade regulation through cross-border capital flows as we now devote to trade agreements. It would also mean an emphasis on the challenges of middle-class parents everywhere, who doubt, but still hope desperately, that their children can have better lives than they did. 63. Which of the following can best serve as the title of the passage? A. Global Integration: A Project Carried Out by Elites for Elites B. Global Harmonization: An Alternative for Global Trade Agreements C. Rethinking Global Integration: From Top-Down to Bottom-up D. Why the Resistance Against Globalization? 64. When the author says the trends “moving the wrong way” (para. 3) , he implies that ________. A. global economic integration could not be stopped B. the gaps between the rich and poor should be greatly narrowed C. the revolt against globalization is well underway D. an optimistic attitude will help people understand the benefits of globalization 65. According to the passage, the consideration of global integration as a project carried out by elites for elites ________. A. remains to be proved B. is not accepted by ordinary people C. should not be treated formally as it is only subjective D. should not be ignored as it carries an element of truth 66. The author suggests all of the following to promote global integration EXCEPT ________. A. turning it into a bottom-up project B. popularizing the knowledge of the benefits of globalization C. managing the consequences of globalization D. preferring global harmonization to global trade agreements (D) Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. The Troubling Decline in the Global Fertility Rate By the end of this century, nearly every country may face a shrinking population. The global fertility rate has halved over the past 50 years to 2.3, falling below the replacement rate of 2.1 in most developed economies. This decline is driven by positive socio-economic trends, including increased female labor participation and education, as well as lower childhood mortality and better welfare systems. These factors have led to fewer children or delayed childbirth. ____67____ The impact of falling birth rates is significant. A shrinking workforce will struggle to support the healthcare and pension costs of an aging population, potentially leading to higher taxes and strained public finances. Fewer young workers may also limit innovation and productivity growth. Some propose pronatalist policies, such as tax breaks, but these often fail to address the root causes and may distort women’s choices. ____68____ However, even family-friendly policies in Nordic countries have not reversed the trend. Studies suggest that environmental factors may also be affecting fertility. Immigration could be a short-term solution, but it is not sustainable as developing countries also face aging populations. Ultimately, developed economies must adapt to having fewer young people. This means relying more on older workers, AI, and automation to fill the gap. ____69____ Traditional family structures may evolve, and communities may need to redefine their support systems for both the elderly and the young. Education systems may need to adapt to smaller student populations, while businesses may need to rethink their strategies to accommodate an aging workforce. The shift towards an older society also means that there will be increased demand for services and products tailored to the needs of older adults, potentially driving new economic opportunities in sectors such as healthcare, technology, and leisure. In conclusion, the decline in global fertility rates presents a complex challenge that requires a multifaceted approach. ____70____ Societies must be prepared to adapt to a new demographic reality, where older workers, technological advancements, and innovative social structures play a more significant role in sustaining economic and social development. A. While policies aimed at supporting families and reducing the costs of raising children are essential, they may not be sufficient to reverse the trend entirely. B. Instead, governments should focus on reducing barriers to parenthood, such as improving childcare support, removing tax disincentives, and enhancing parental leave entitlements. C. The economic and social forces behind declining births are unlikely to be reversed in the long term, and societies will need to adjust to an older workforce and slower population growth. D. Moreover, the decline in birth rates also has cultural and social implications. E. In developing nations, fertility rates remain above the “wanted rate,” but in advanced economics, couples often have fewer children than desired due to rising parenting costs and limited disposable income. F. Rather, developed economies need to be better prepared for a drop in younger workers. 第II卷 (共25分) I. Translation (3'+3'+4'+5') Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 71. 过去的几个月见证了由人工智能推动的技术进步。 (witness) (汉译英) _________________________________________________________________________________ 72. 由于缺乏强有力的措施，当地方言正面临消失殆尽的风险。 (lack) (汉译英) _________________________________________________________________________________ 73. 如今，各种在线课程和学习资源唾手可得，这在很大程度上为人们提供了更多自我提升的机会。 (available) (汉译英) _________________________________________________________________________________ 74. 在全球各大城市和交通枢纽，多语言服务台随处可见，方便来自世界各地的旅行者寻求帮助和指引。 (it) (汉译英) _________________________________________________________________________________ II. Guided Writing (10') 75. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是明启中学高一学生李明，最近看到学校英语报上正在开展主题为“Technology for a Smarter Life”的校园创客大赛活动，广泛征集同学们的智能产品设计方案。你对此很感兴趣，有意分享自己的科创方案设计。请写一封英文版的正式邮件给主编，内容须包括： 1) 你所设计的产品名称； 2) 该产品的功能定位及适用群体； 3) 结合生活观察阐述你的设计灵感来源（如：特定场景触动、自然现象启示等） ； 4) 对该产品的市场前景展望。 __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 上海市曹杨二中2024学年度第二学期 高一年级3月份英语阶段评价 Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence. 1. The book, _________ with vivid illustrations and _________ by an award-winning author, became a bestseller. A. filled; written B. filling; writing C. filled; written about D. filling; writing by 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这本书因充满生动的插图并由获奖作家撰写而成为畅销书。根据句子分析可知，空1：此处作定语，主语The book与fill之间为被动关系，故应用过去分词，故填filled；空2：此处作定语，主语The book与write之间为被动关系，故应用过去分词，故填written。故选A。 2. There are some environmental issues that, when _________ properly, can lead to more severe consequences in the future. A. not addressed B. not being addressed C. not to be addressed D. not having been addressed 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查时态，被动语态，主谓一致和省略。句意：有一些环境问题，如果处理不当，可能会导致未来更严重的后果。when引导的时间状语从句表示“当这些环境问题不能被恰当处理时”，由are可知，从句中用一般现在时的被动语态，即when the environmental issues are not addressed properly，从句中主语和主句主语一致，且从句中有be动词时，可省略从句中的主语和be动词，因此空格处是not addressed。故选A。 3. — Can you bring forward a better solution? — This is the best way I can imagine _________ the project ahead of schedule. A. completing B. to have completed C. to complete D. completed 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查不定式。句意：——你能提出更好的解决方案吗？——这是我能想到的提前完成项目的最好方法。“I can imagine”是that引导的限制性定语从句，省略了that，修饰先行词way，空格处是way的后置定语，用不定式，the way to do sth.意为“做某事的方法”，complete动作发生在谓语之后，用不定式的一般式。故选C。 4. _________ by the recent economic downturn and _________ their profits declining, the company decided to cut costs. A. Affected; finding B. Affecting; found C. Having been affected; finding D. To be affected; found 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：公司受到近期经济衰退的影响，且发现他们的利润在下降，因此公司决定减少开支。根据句子分析可知，空1：此处作状语，affect与主语the company之间为被动关系，且经济衰退的影响发生在公司决策之前（已完成），应用现在分词完成时的被动式Having been done；空2：此处作状语，find与主语the company之间为主动关系，故应用现在分词finding作状语。故选C。 5. The scientist, _________ to his endeavor in the field of brain-computer interface, conducted experiments tirelessly, _________ any failures. A. committing; overcome B. committed; overcoming C. being committed; overcoming D. to commit; overcome 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：实验方面，他致力于脑机接口领域的研究，不知疲倦地进行实验，克服任何失败。第一空the scientist和commit是被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语；第二空the scientist与overcome之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故选B。 6. With the meal _________, the family gathered around the table, _________ the delicious aroma. A. to be prepared; enjoying B. prepared; enjoyed C. preparing; enjoyed D. prepared; enjoying 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：饭菜准备好了，一家人围坐在桌子旁，享受着美味的香气。第一空处是with复合结构，meal和prepare之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此第一空用过去分词表被动，作宾语补足语；句中谓语是gathered，第二空用非谓语动词，the family和enjoy之间是主谓关系，因此第二空用现在分词表主动，作状语，故选D。 7. _________ the renovation on time, the construction workers were praised for their efficiency, _________their attention to detail and safety. A. Having completed; highlighting B. To complete; to highlight C. Completed; highlighted D. Completing; to highlight 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于按时完成了翻修工作，建筑工人的效率得到了赞扬，这凸显了他们对细节和安全的关注。第一空the construction workers与complete之间是主动关系，即建筑工人完成翻新工作。而且“完成翻新工作”这一动作发生在“被表扬”之前，所以要用现在分词的完成式Having completed来表示主动且先于谓语动词发生的动作；第二空在句中作伴随状语，所以用现在分词形式。故选A。 8. (2013·新课标全国卷Ⅰ)The driver wanted to park his car near the roadside but was asked by the police ________． A. not to do B. not to C. not do D. do not 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查省略句。句意：司机想把车停靠在路边，但是被警察制止了。ask sb not to do sth “告诉某人不要做某事”，在这种结构中可以省略不定式中的动词，而保留不定式符合to，故选B。 9. Shortly after suffering from a massive earthquake and ________ to ruins, the city took on a new look. A. reducing B. reduced C. being reduced D. having reduced 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查动名词的被动语态。句意：就在遭遇一场大地震被夷为平地之后不久，这个城市呈现了新的面貌。此句中的“after”是介词，后面需要动名词，而且城市是被夷为平地，所以用动名词的被动语态。故选C项。 10. Do let your mother know all the truth. She appears _________ everything. A. to tell B. to have been told C. to be telling D. to have told 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查不定式。句意：一定要让你母亲知道全部真相。她似乎已经被告知了一切。此处为“appear to do似乎做某事”结构，应用不定式作宾语，且主语she与tell之间为被动关系，且表示“已经被告知”，应用动词不定式的完成被动式。故选B。 Section B (10%) Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks use one word that best fits. Eating Habits of the French As a French living abroad, I'm often asked about the eating habits of the French. In this article, I've set out to explain them in detail while sharing my experience and culture. This ____11____ give you some simple ideas on how to eat better and live healthier. One of the most important habits in France is ____12____ we call “conscious eating”. We know how important it is to savor every mouthful, without distractions like TV or phones. Even when I'm busy with some important work, I make sure to sit down quietly to eat, ____13____ heat up a frozen pie. That way, I can really taste and appreciate what I'm eating and connect ____14____ my work. This habit makes meals more enjoyable and also helps me to avoid overeating, as I'm more aware of how much I'm consuming. In France, we have well-defined mealtimes, and it's a habit I ____15____ (follow) , always. Breakfast is between7 and 8 a. m. , lunch is between 12 and 1 p. m. , and dinner is between 7 and 8: 30 p. m. These times can be quite strict. 1f you're on vacation in France, it'll be hard for you to find a place to eat at 3 or 6 p. m. What's more, we rarely skip meals, and each one is important. Breakfast is often light but essential, with coffee, bread and fruit. Lunch is the main meal of the day, ____16____ (fill) with lighter food. This precise rhythm helps avoid snacking and overeating in general. Portion control is also important. While traveling and living abroad, I've noticed that portions are often much larger elsewhere. It's true that at home, dishes are smaller, but we often add a starter, such as raw vegetables, ____17____ (balance) the meal. In France, eating is a social activity. Sharing a meal with someone else makes the moment more enjoyable and encourages slower eating. For us, mealtime isn't just about eating; it's a special time of the day. We spend time together, talk about the day and reconnect. This tradition of eating with family and friends also makes meals____18____ (relaxing) . ____19____ (look) back on my childhood and the eating habits I've kept, I realize that there's a lot to learn from the way the French approach food. In short, if you practice conscious eating, stick to regular mealtimes, control your portions, and enjoy meals in the company of _____20_____, you too can develop a healthier relationship with food. 【答案】11. should 12. what 13. even if 14. with 15. have always followed 16. filled 17. to balance 18. more relaxing 19. Looking 20. others 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了法国的一些饮食习惯。 【11题详解】 考查情态动词。句意：以下会给你一些简单的想法，如何吃得更好和生活更健康。此处意为 “应该会，可能”，故应用情态动词should表示“（预期）可能会，应该”，故填should。 【12题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：在法国最重要的习惯之一是我们所说的“有意识的饮食”。分析句子结构可知，此处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，且意思为“什么”，故应用what引导宾语从句，故填what。 【13题详解】 考查让步状语从句。句意：甚至当我有一些重要的工作要做时，我也会确保安静地坐下来吃饭，即使是加热一个冷冻派。此处意为“即使”，故应用even if引导让步状语，故填even if。 【14题详解】 考查介词。句意：这样，我可以真正品尝和欣赏我所吃的东西，并与我的工作联系起来。此处为短语connect with...，意为“与……联系起来”，是固定搭配，故填with。 【15题详解】 考查时态。句意：在法国，我们有明确的用餐时间，这是我一直以来遵守的习惯。此处作谓语动词，主语为I，陈述过去动作对现在的影响，此处应用现在完成时，表示“一直以来遵守的习惯”，故填have always followed。 【16题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：午餐是一天中的主要一餐，充满了更清淡的食物。此处作定语，修饰Lunch，Lunch与fill之间为被动关系，故应用过去分子作定语，故填filled。 【17题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在家里，菜比较小，但我们经常加一道开胃菜，比如生蔬菜，以平衡膳食。此处表示“我们加一道开胃菜的目的是为了平衡膳食”，故此处用不定式作目的状语，故填to balance。 【18题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这种与家人和朋友一起吃饭的传统也使饭菜更加放松。make+宾语+宾补，此处应用形容词作宾语补足语，且此处表示“家人和朋友一起吃饭的传统也使饭菜更加放松”，故应用形容词的比较级作宾补，故填more relaxing。 【19题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：回顾我的童年和我所保持的饮食习惯，我意识到法国人对待食物的方式有很多值得学习的地方。look back on意为“回顾”，此处作状语，主语I与look之间为主动关系，故应用现在分词作状语，首字母大写。故填Looking。 【20题详解】 考查代词。句意：简而言之，如果你实践有意识的饮食，坚持规律的用餐时间，控制你的分量，并享受与他人共进餐的时光，你也可以与食物建立更健康的关系。根据句意可知，此处意为“与其他人共进餐”，故应用代词others“其他人”作宾语，故填others。 Section C (5%) Directions: Complete the following sentences by using the words and phrases in the box. Each can only be used once. Note that there is one more than you need. A. campaigns B. function C. credited D. revealing E. identifying F. protest G. emerged H. target I. specializing J. transported K. phenomena 21. As people grow to recognize scams, the scammers grow more sophisticated. Take, for example, romance scams. Scammers steal photos of good-looking people and _________ young, vulnerable people online. They get the victim to fall in love with them before asking for money. 22. “What makes Human cuisine delicious is that it is stir-fried on high heat; it requires a chef, an open flame and several big woks with many fresh spices,” Liu continues. Some people may also seek out Human cuisine to _________ against pre-cooked meals, believing that fresher is better. 23. To decide whether AI tools can really demonstrate humor, we must first understand how they work. Large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT _________ by processing billions of lines of text from sources like the Internet and unpacking the patterns and relationships in the text. In other words, Al can tell jokes the way a five-year-old does, by repeating a successful one they heard, or trying to make an obvious variation of one. 24. Among the losses in the fire was the Bunny Museum, husband-and-wife Steve Lubanski and Candace Frazee’s grand ode to rabbits. The museum was a place that _________ guests to a magical world where the bunny permeated all aspects of life. There were stuffed bunnies, miniature porcelain bunnies, bunny cookie jars, bunny movie posters, bunny costumes, bunny books, and on and on. 25. The success of the film NE ZHA is largely _________ to the high quality of its animation, but critics also note the story, which is not only entertaining but also manages to reach deeply into the human heart. The story is based on Investiture of the Gods, a 16th-century novel inspired by an ancient Chinese myth. 26. In modern times, science has swept away the idea of the supernatural. We know physics and chemistry, and we understand what causes natural _________ such as earthquakes and volcanoes. However, what science has failed to explain, and perhaps never can, is our human consciousness—the unique awareness of ourselves, including our thoughts, memories and emotions. 27. During my previous internship, I had the opportunity to work with several marketing teams. I assisted in developing social media _________, analyzed market trends and conducted competitor research. These experiences have given me a deeper understanding of many marketing tools and platforms. 28. If Brazil is a top coffee producer, Starbucks takes the prize among coffee shops. Today, Starbucks is more than just a global coffee chain; the latte has also become an economist’s tool. Varying Starbucks indexes have _________ to measure the strength of local currencies by comparing the price of a latte around the world. 29. Coffee, it seems to me, offers us a(n) _________ window into our global economy and its dizzying supply chains. If you happen to be sipping coffee while reading this article, you are “drinking” globalization in a mug. 30. Students in the U.S. who had to study at home during the pandemic still have lower scores than they did before, which seems to confirm the importance of going to class with a teacher. However, the arrival of AI chatbots have changed all that. They can be trained with tons of knowledge and programmed to teach effectively. I have experimented with Al tools that were designed to teach English. They seem to be good at _________ errors in speakers’ pronunciation and grammar. 【答案】21. H 22. F 23. B 24. J 25. C 26. K 27. A 28. G 29. D 30. E 【解析】 【21题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：随着人们逐渐认识到骗局，骗子变得越来越老练。以爱情诈骗为例。骗子窃取漂亮人的照片，并在网上瞄准年轻、脆弱的人。他们先让受害者爱上他们，然后再开口要钱。由“young, vulnerable people online. They get the victim to fall in love with them before asking for money”可知，句子表示“骗子瞄准年轻、脆弱的人”，空格处意为“瞄准”，是target，and前后时态一致，由前面的steal是原形可知，句子时态是一般现在时，主语Scammers是复数，因此空格处用原形，故选H。 【22题详解】 考查不定式。句意：“人类烹饪之所以美味，是因为它是在高温下翻炒的；它需要一个厨师，一个明火和几个大锅，加入许多新鲜的香料，”刘继续说。有些人可能还会寻找人类烹饪来抗议预先煮好的食物，他们认为更新鲜更好。由“against pre-cooked meals, believing that fresher is better”可知，句子表示“有些人可能还会寻找人类烹饪来抗议预先煮好的食物，他们认为更新鲜更好”，空格处意为“抗议”，是protest，此处用不定式表目的，因此空格处用原形，故选F。 【23题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：要决定人工智能工具是否真的能展示幽默，我们必须首先了解它们是如何工作的。像ChatGPT这样的大型语言模型（llm）通过处理来自互联网等来源的数十亿行文本并解压文本中的模式和关系来发挥作用。换句话说，人工智能可以像一个五岁的孩子一样讲笑话，通过重复他们听到的成功的笑话，或者尝试对一个笑话做出明显的变化。由“by processing billions of lines of text from sources like the Internet and unpacking the patterns and relationships in the text”可知，句子表示“像ChatGPT这样的大型语言模型（llm）通过处理来自互联网等来源的数十亿行文本并解压文本中的模式和关系来发挥作用”，空格处意为“发挥作用”，是function，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语models是复数，因此空格处用原形，故选B。 【24题详解】 考查时态。句意：在这场大火中损失的还有兔子博物馆、Steve Lubanski和Candace Frazee夫妇的兔子颂歌。这个博物馆是一个把游客带到一个神奇世界的地方，在那里兔子渗透到生活的方方面面。有毛绒兔子、微型陶瓷兔子、兔女郎饼干罐、兔女郎电影海报、兔女郎服装、兔女郎书籍等等。由“guests to a magical world where the bunny permeated all aspects of life”可知，句子表示“这个博物馆是一个把游客带到一个神奇世界的地方”，空格处意为“运输”，是transport，由was可知，时态是一般过去时，空格处用过去式，故选J。 【25题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：电影《哪吒》的成功很大程度上归功于其高质量的动画，但评论家们也注意到，这个故事不仅有趣，而且深深地打动了人心。这个故事是根据16世纪的小说《众神历险记》改编的，灵感来自于中国古代神话。由“The success of the film NE ZHA”和“the high quality of its animation”可知，句子表示“电影《哪吒》的成功很大程度上归功于其高质量的动画”，空格处意为“认为是……的功劳”，是credit，be credited to是固定短语，意为“归功于”，故选C。 【26题详解】 考查名词。句意：在现代，科学扫除了超自然的观念。我们知道物理和化学，我们知道是什么导致了地震和火山等自然现象。然而，科学未能解释的，也许永远也解释不了的，是我们的人类意识——对我们自己的独特意识，包括我们的思想、记忆和情感。由“such as earthquakes and volcanoes”可知，句子表示“我们知道是什么导致了地震和火山等自然现象”，空格处意为“现象”，不止一个，用复数phenomena，故选K。 【27题详解】 考查名词。句意：在我之前的实习期间，我有机会与几个营销团队一起工作。协助开发社交媒体活动，分析市场趋势，进行竞争对手研究。这些经历让我对很多营销工具和平台有了更深入的了解。由“had the opportunity to work with several marketing teams. I assisted in developing social media”可知，句子表示“在我之前的实习期间，我有机会与几个营销团队一起工作。协助开发社交媒体活动”，空格处意为“活动”，是campaign，不止一个，用复数，故选A。 【28题详解】 考查时态。句意：如果说巴西是顶级咖啡生产国，那么星巴克就是咖啡店中的佼佼者。如今，星巴克已不仅仅是一家全球咖啡连锁店；拿铁咖啡也成为了经济学家的工具。不同的星巴克指数已经出现，通过比较世界各地拿铁咖啡的价格来衡量当地货币的强弱。由“Varying Starbucks indexes”和“to measure the strength of local currencies by comparing the price of a latte around the world”可知，句子表示“不同的星巴克指数已经出现，通过比较世界各地拿铁咖啡的价格来衡量当地货币的强弱”，空格处意为“出现”，是emerge，由have可知，时态是现在完成时，空格处用过去分词，故选G。 【29题详解】 考查形容词。句意：在我看来，咖啡为我们打开了一扇（极具启示性的）窗口，让我们得以窥见全球经济及其纷繁复杂的供应链。如果你在读这篇文章时正好在喝咖啡，那么你喝的这一杯咖啡里，就“蕴含”着全球化。由“window into our global economy and its dizzying supply chains”可知，句子表示“咖啡为我们提供了一扇揭示全球经济及其令人眼花缭乱的供应链的窗口”，空格处意为“有启迪作用的”，用形容词revealing作定语，修饰名词window。故选D。 【30题详解】 考查动名词。句意：在新冠肺炎期间不得不在家学习的美国学生的成绩仍然比以前低，这似乎证实了与老师一起上课的重要性。然而，人工智能聊天机器人的到来改变了这一切。他们可以接受大量的知识培训，并被编程为有效的教学。我曾尝试过设计用来教英语的人工智能工具。它们似乎善于识别说话者的发音和语法错误。由上文“I have experimented with Al tools that were designed to teach English”和下文“errors in speakers’ pronunciation and grammar”可知，句子表示“人工智能工具似乎善于识别说话者的发音和语法错误”，空格处意为“识别”，是identify，用动名词作宾语，故选E。 Section D (5%) Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. distant B. extinction C. represent D. distinguished E. diverse F. convinced G. documenting H. engage I. tragedy J. linguistic K. estimated The Race to Save the World’s Disappearing Languages To spend an afternoon in Jackson Heights is to spend an afternoon touring the world. The neighborhood is home to some 180,000 people. These people speak more than 160 of the 700-plus languages that have been recorded in New York City. It is commonly believed to be the most linguistically ____31____ neighborhood in the world. However, just like the world it does ____32____, Jackson Heights has a problem: Its language are disappearing. Linguists warn that most of the about 7,000 languages spoken on the planet are at risk of dying out. According to UNESCO, the last living speaker of a language dies about every two weeks. This is a cultural ____33____ driven by several factors. Fortunately, linguists are exploring different solutions to bring them back from the verge of ____34____. Many of these efforts are focused on digitally ____35____ endangered languages. Experts hope that even if the languages cannot be saved, they can be kept for future study. One of the earliest and most successful examples is the Rosetta Project launched in 2000 and later supported by Google. The project has grown into a digital library recording more than 3, 000 endangered languages. In addition to collecting ____36____ data, linguists worldwide are turning to AI. The aim is to build large linguistic databases for endangered languages. This is the prerequisite for building any language-based AI model. In2018, for example, a language center in Australia partnered with Google to build AI models for some indigenous languages. These sorts of measures are an important part of protecting endangered languages. However, not everyone is ____37____ that the efforts will be enough to save them. In fact, it’s even difficult to build effective AI models of those languages. It’s ____38____ that less than five percent of the world’s languages can be digitally recorded. Most of them have not had time to train these models. It seems that useful AI models are still a ____39____ dream for most endangered languages. Still, the current technology can act as an educational tool. It provides protection against the further erosion of endangered languages. In2021, for example, Google Arts & Culture introduced Woolaroo. The app was designed to help younger generations _____40_____ with their linguistic heritage. In Woolaroo, the user can point their phone at an object—say, a tree. Then they’ll see and hear the word in more than ten indigenous languages from around the world. “I don’t believe we can save these endangered languages with just Al,” says linguist Daan van Esch. “A language is only saved when people continue to speak it. But if AI can be a tool that makes speaking it easier, then I consider that a job well done.” 【答案】31. E 32. C 33. I 34. B 35. G 36. J 37. F 38. K 39. A 40. H 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了世界上许多语言正面临消失的危险，以及语言学家为拯救这些濒危语言所做的努力。 【31题详解】 考查形容词。句意：它通常被认为是世界上语言最多样化的社区。由上文“The neighborhood is home to some 180,000 people. These people speak more than 160 of the 700-plus languages”可知，句子表示“它通常被认为是世界上语言最多样化的社区”，空格处意为“多样化的”，是diverse，故选E。 【32题详解】 考查时态。句意：然而，就像它所代表的世界一样，杰克逊高地也有一个问题：它的语言正在消失。由上文“These people speak more than 160 of the 700-plus languages that have been recorded in New York City”可知，句子表示“就像它所代表的世界一样”，空格处意为“代表”，是represent，空前有does，时态是一般现在时，空格处用原形，故选C。 【33题详解】 考查名词。句意：这是一场由几个因素驱动的文化悲剧。由上文“about 7,000 languages spoken on the planet are at risk of dying out”可知，句子表示“这是一场由几个因素驱动的文化悲剧”，空格处意为“悲剧”，是tragedy，空前有a，空格处用单数，故选I。 【34题详解】 考查名词。句意：幸运的是，语言学家正在探索不同的解决方案，将它们从灭绝的边缘带回来。由上文“Linguists warn that most of the about 7,000 languages spoken on the planet are at risk of dying out”可知，句子表示“语言学家正在探索不同的解决方案，将它们从灭绝的边缘带回来”，空格处意为“灭绝”，用名词extinction作宾语，故选B。 【35题详解】 考查动名词。句意：其中许多努力都集中在以数字方式记录濒危语言上。由下文“Experts hope that even if the languages cannot be saved, they can be kept for future study”可知，句子表示“其中许多努力都集中在以数字方式记录濒危语言上”，空格处意为“记录”，是document，空格处用动名词作宾语，故选G。 【36题详解】 考查形容词。句意：除了收集语言数据，世界各地的语言学家都在转向人工智能。由上文“digitally documenting endangered languages”可知，句子表示“除了收集语言数据，世界各地的语言学家都在转向人工智能”，空格处意为“语言的”，用形容词linguistic作定语，修饰名词data，故选J。 【37题详解】 考查形容词。句意：然而，并不是每个人都相信这些努力足以拯救它们。由下文“that the efforts will be enough to save them. In fact, it’s even difficult to build effective AI models of those languages”可知，句子表示“并不是每个人都相信这些努力足以拯救它们”，空格处意为“相信的”，是convinced，故选F。 【38题详解】 考查被动语态。句意：据估计，世界上只有不到5%的语言可以被数字记录下来。由下文“less than five percent of the world’s languages can be digitally recorded”可知，句子表示“据估计，世界上只有不到5%的语言可以被数字记录下来”，空格处意为“估计”，是estimate，句子用被动语态，空格处用过去分词，故选K。 【39题详解】 考查形容词。句意：对于大多数濒危语言来说，有用的人工智能模型似乎仍然是一个遥远的梦想。由上文“less than five percent of the world’s languages can be digitally recorded. Most of them have not had time to train these models”可知，句子表示“对于大多数濒危语言来说，有用的人工智能模型似乎仍然是一个遥远的梦想”，空格处意为“遥远的”，用形容词distant作定语，修饰名词dream，故选A。 【40题详解】 考查不定式。句意：这款应用旨在帮助年轻一代了解他们的语言遗产。由“with their linguistic heritage”可知，句子表示“这款应用旨在帮助年轻一代了解他们的语言遗产”，engage with是固定短语，意为“与……接触”，空格处是engage，help sb. do sth.是固定短语，意为“帮助某人做某事”，因此空格处用原形，故选H。 Ⅲ. Reading Comprehension Section A (15%) Directions: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Social pressure is more powerful than many people think. What are you wearing now? What are your classmates wearing? How similar do they look? We can see the ___41___ of social pressure in people’s clothing styles, moods, and leisure activities. So, pressure to ___42___ social norms is strong. But can it be strong enough to make people express an opinion that is clearly completely ___43___? Solomon Asch carried out one of the most famous experiments in psychology. College students were told they would be participating in research about ___44___ perception. They were shown cards with three lines of different lengths and asked to indicate which was the same length as another, standard line (see right) . The correct answer was very clear. But when the students were put in a group of people who all gave the wrong answer, the results were rather ___45___. In each experiment, a number of trials were held. In each trial, the people who knew the real ___46___ of the experiment gave their answers first. The only real subject of the experiment was always one of the last. In the first three trials, everyone ___47___ the correct answer. But in the fourth, the first person to speak gave a response that was obviously incorrect, reporting that two lines were of the same length when actually they were clearly ___48___. The next person said the same thing — and the next, and so on, until all group members except the real participant had settled on an incorrect judgment. The real participant then had to decide whether to follow or to remain ___49___ and believe the evidence of his or her own eyes. What did the participants in this ___50___ finally do? As you might expect, nearly everyone showed signs of disbelief and ___51___ when faced with a majority who saw the world so differently from what they did. As one participant later said, “I felt disturbed, puzzled, separated. ” But despite the participants’ distress, the group pressure usually ___52___. Three-quarters of those subjected to group pressure followed the false judgment of the group one or more times, while only a quarter stuck to their own opinion on all trials. In various related studies, between 50 and 80 percent followed the majority’s wrong judgment at least once; one-third ___53___ the majority’s incorrect judgments on half or more of the trials. The effect — the tendency for people to follow what the group says, even if it ___54___ with what they can see or know — is called the Asch effect. It prevents ___55___ decision making in all walks of life, from family discussions to company decision making. 41. A. sources B. degrees C. periods D. effects 42. A. obey B. establish C. identify D. forget 43. A. logical B. wrong C. favorable D. popular 44. A. public B. mental C. visual D. historical 45. A. similar B. satisfactory C. positive D. surprising 46. A. condition B. beginning C. purpose D. application 47. A. waited for B. agreed on C. looked into D. objected to 48. A. alone B. clear C. useless D. different 49. A. competitive B. independent C. convinced D. optimistic 50. A. position B. section C. business D. debate 51. A. discomfort B. weakness C. progress D. respect 52. A. faded B. won C. existed D. varied 53. A. gave in to B. looked forward to C. kept away from D. cut back on 54. A. influences B. reflects C. conflicts D. predicts 55. A. local B. quick C. early D. good 【答案】41. D 42. A 43. B 44. C 45. D 46. C 47. B 48. D 49. B 50. C 51. A 52. B 53. A 54. C 55. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了社会压力对人们行为的影响，并通过Solomon Asch实验来说明人们在群体压力下可能会放弃自己的看法而选择从众。 【41题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们可以看到社会压力对人们服装风格、情绪和休闲活动的影响。A. sources来源；B. degrees程度；C. periods时期；D. effects影响。根据上文的三个问句和下文的“in people’s clothing styles, moods, and leisure activities”可知，这里指的是社会压力对人们服装风格、情绪和休闲活动的影响。故选D项。 【42题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，遵守社会规范的压力是很大的。A. obey遵守；B. establish建立；C. identify识别；D. forget忘记。根据上文的“pressure”和下文的“social norms”可知，这里指的是遵守社会规范的压力。故选A项。 【43题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但它是否足够强大到让人们表达一个明显错误的观点？A. logical合理的；B. wrong错误的；C. favorable有利的；D. popular流行的。根据下一段的实验和句子“But when the students were put in a group of people who all gave the wrong answer, the results were rather ____ ”可知，这里指的是明显错误的观点。故选B项。 【44题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：大学生被告知他们将参与关于视觉感知的研究。A. public公共的；B. mental精神的；C. visual视觉的；D. historical历史的。根据下一句“They were shown cards with three lines of different lengths and asked to indicate which was the same length as another, standard line (see right)”可知，这里指的是视觉感知。故选C项。 【45题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但当学生们被放在一个所有人都给出错误答案的群体中时，结果相当令人惊讶。A. similar相似的；B. satisfactory令人满意的；C. positive积极的；D. surprising令人惊讶的。根据倒数第二段的实验结果“But despite the participants’ distress, the group pressure usually ____ . Three-quarters of those subjected to group pressure followed the false judgment of the group one or more times, while only a quarter stuck to their own opinion on all trials.”可知，结果是令人惊讶的。故选D项。 【46题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在每次试验中，知道实验真正目的的人先给出答案。A. condition条件；B. beginning开始；C. purpose目的；D. application应用。根据下一句“The only real subject of the experiment was always one of the last.”可知，唯一真正的实验对象总是最后一个给出答案，所以，最先给出答案的人，不是实验对象，他们知道实验的真正目的。故选C项。 【47题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：在前三次试验中，每个人都同意正确答案。A. waited for等待；B. agreed on同意；C. looked into调查；D. objected to反对。根据下文的转折“But in the fourth, the first person to speak gave a response that was obviously incorrect”可知，在前三次试验中，每个人都同意正确答案。故选B项。 【48题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但在第四次，第一个发言的人给出了明显错误的回答，报告说两条线长度相同，而实际上它们明显不同。A. alone独自的；B. clear清楚的；C. useless无用的；D. different不同的。根据上文的“obviously incorrect”和“reporting that two lines were of the same length”可知，两条线长度明显不同。故选D项。 【49题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：真正的参与者随后必须决定是跟随还是保持独立并相信自己亲眼所见的证据。A. competitive竞争的；B. independent独立的；C. convinced确信的；D. optimistic乐观的。根据下文的“believe the evidence of his or her own eyes”可知，如果真正的参与者相信自己亲眼所见的证据，那就说明他或她是保持独立，而没有跟随其他人给出错误答案。故选B项。 【50题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这次事件的参与者最终做了什么？A. position位置；B. section部分；C. business事情；事件；D. debate辩论。根据空格前的“the participants”和空格后的“finally do”可知，这里指的是这次实验事件的参与者最终会怎么做。故选C项。 【51题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：正如你所料，几乎每个人在面对与他们看法如此不同的多数人时，都表现出不相信和不安的迹象。A. discomfort不适；不安；B. weakness弱点；C. progress进步；D. respect尊重。根据下文的“when faced with a majority who saw the world so differently from what they did”可知，在面对与他们看法如此不同的多数人时，人们肯定是表现出不安。故选A项。 【52题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是，尽管参与者感到痛苦，但群体压力通常获胜。A. faded褪色；B. won赢；获胜；C. existed存在；D. varied变化。根据下文的句子“Three-quarters of those subjected to group pressure followed the false judgment of the group one or more times, while only a quarter stuck to their own opinion on all trials.”可知，在群体压力下，四分之三的人会一次或多次遵循群体的错误判断。所以，这里指的是群体压力获胜。故选B项。 【53题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：在各种相关研究中，50%到80%的人至少一次遵循了多数人的错误判断；三分之一的人在一半或更多的试验中屈服于多数人的错误判断。A. gave in to屈服于；B. looked forward to期待；C. kept away from远离；D. cut back on削减。根据下文的“the majority’s incorrect judgments”可知，这里指的是屈服于多数人的错误判断。故选A项。 【54题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这种效应——人们倾向于跟随群体所说，即使它与他们所看到的或所知道的相冲突——被称为“阿什效应”。A. influences影响；B. reflects反映；C. conflicts冲突；D. predicts预测。根据上一段的实验结果和空格前的“even if ”以及空格后的“what they can see or know”可知，这里指的是与他们所看到的或所知道的相冲突。故选C项。 【55题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它阻碍了生活中各个方面的良好决策，从家庭讨论到公司决策。A. local当地的；B. quick快速的；C. early早期的；D. good好的。根据上文的“the tendency for people to follow what the group says, even if it ____ with what they can see or know”可知，与事实相悖的从众行为肯定会阻碍良好的决策。故选D项。 Section B (15%) Directions: Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) My grandmother loved baking and was, therefore, an excellent baker. I can still see her massaging flour, sugar, eggs, yeast, butter and milk into dough and injecting the pastry with jam to make Buchteln. I can still hear her saying to her, a sustainable farmer, baking was the closest she could get to “the world of art”. I regret never telling her that even though she wasn’t graced with the life of an artist, she was nevertheless weaving something larger than her: a culture. Maybe she understood what she was doing after all. Once, she instructed me to never follow her recipes, but instead to adapt them however I saw fit. A culture, she was essentially saying, should be modified in line with the tastes and needs of the times. Well. I have altered most of my grandmother’s recipes, apart from the one—her recipe for potica, a traditional Slovenian pastry usually served at holiday, birthday and special celebrations. In essence, it is a roll made of leavened paper-thin dough, most often stuffed with walnut filling and raisins. Calling potica a “filled roll”, makes it seem easy to prepare, but it requires hours of work. The most painful part is grinding the walnuts. Before my grandmother began using a grinder, we filled a bag with walnuts and beat the bag with a hammer, until the nuts turned to paste. Ah, but why not simply buy a kilo of ground Californian walnuts? Oh! Because the secret to the best potica known to humans is walnuts from a tree that grows on my grandmother’s farm. This 15-meter-tall tree is an amusement park for crows and insects, and is also often populated by courageous children. It bears sweetest walnuts. Was, bore, I should write. In the past decade, the 30-year-old tree has changed. At first, the romantic in me wanted to believe it was mourning my grandmother’s death and just couldn’t yield sweet nuts any more. Next, I turned to common sense. Walnut harvests, I told myself, differ from season to season, so our half-empty baskets were nothing to worry about. However, after the fifth poor harvest with dry, bitter fruit, I understood that I was witnessing something better known as decay. In suitable conditions, walnut trees in our region can live up to 100 years and yield nuts until they’re middle-aged. But the circumstances for that particular potica tree have worsened. The trees endure frost and snow, heat and strong winds, storms and floods, and heavily polluted air, water, soil. Well, I spotted a sign of hope for poticas early this year. A sapling next to the dying tree. Perhaps the dying tree delivered all its remaining nutrients to this sapling, whispering: “The preservationists are already here, trust me.” 56. What was the primary reason the grandmother considered baking as close to “the world of art”? A. The use of unique ingredients. B. The precision required in baking. C. The therapeutic nature of the baking process. D. The creative and cultural significance of baking. 57. What did the grandmother advise the author regarding her recipes? A. To strictly follow the recipes as they were. B. To adapt the recipes according to personal taste. C. To share the recipes with others in their original form. D. To learn traditional recipes from other cultures instead. 58. Why were the bold words “Was, bore” underlined in the passage? A. To emphasize the tree’s historical significance on the farm. B. To showcase the author’s admiration for the tree’s longevity. C. To indicate a transition from past to present in the tree’s state. D. To highlight the author’s uncertainty about the tree’s current condition. 59. How did the author feel according to the last paragraph? A. Sad at the decay of the walnut tree. B. Hopeful about the future of the walnut tree. C. Indifferent to the changes in the walnut tree. D. Unpleased with the new sapling next to the dying tree. 【答案】56. D 57. B 58. C 59. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者对祖母的回忆，特别是祖母制作的斯洛文尼亚传统甜点波提察（potica）以及祖母对烘焙的热爱。 【56题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“I can still see her massaging flour, sugar, eggs, yeast, butter and milk into dough and injecting the pastry with jam to make buhhteljni.(我还能看到她把面粉、糖、鸡蛋、酵母、黄油和牛奶揉进面团里，在面皮上注入果酱，做成buhhteljni。)”和“I regret never telling her that even though she wasn’t graced with the life of an artist, she was nevertheless weaving something larger than her: a culture.(我后悔没有告诉她，尽管她没有被赋予艺术家的生活，但她却编织着比自己更大的东西：一种文化。)”可知，祖母认为烘焙接近“艺术世界”的主要原因是烘焙的创意和文化意义。故选D。 【57题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Once, she instructed me to never follow her recipes, but instead to adapt them however I saw fit.(有一次，她告诉我永远不要遵循她的食谱，而是按照我认为合适的方式进行调整。)”可知，祖母建议作者根据个人口味调整食谱。故选B。 【58题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“In the past decade, the 30-year-old tree has changed.(在过去的十年里，这棵30岁的树发生了变化。)”可知，文章中“Was, bore”这几个粗体字要下划线是为了表示树的状态从过去到现在的转变。故选C。 【59题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Well, I spotted a sign of hope for poticas early this year. A sapling next to the dying tree. Perhaps the dying tree delivered all its remaining nutrients to this sapling, whispering: “The preservationists are already here, trust me.”(好吧，今年早些时候，我看到了波提察的希望之光。那棵垂死的树旁边长出了一棵树苗。也许是那棵垂死的树把剩下的所有养分都输送给了这棵树苗，轻声说：“保护者已经来了，相信我。”)”可知，作者在最后一段中对核桃树的未来充满希望。故选B。 (B) How a Better Bedtime Routine Can Help Your Sleep Sleep is one of the most essential elements to a healthy lifestyle. Sleep quantity and quality are both key for optimal restoration, and for you to feel your best during the day. One of the best ways to get a great night’s sleep is to have a bedtime routine. Here are four tips to get to bed that make falling—and staying—asleep easier. Unplug for Optimal Sleep Try cutting up on electronic-device use as you get closer to bedtime. Our phones, computers, and televisions all emit blue light that can prolong how long we’re awake and potentially disrupt our sleep. Plus, endlessly scrolling Instagram or falling asleep to re -runs of your favourite TV show can keep you engaged and awake for longer, taking away from precious sleep time. Turn off the television, keep the lights low, and try leaving your electronic devices outside the bedroom. Set a Bedtime and Stick to it If you’re going to get consistent sleep, you need to go to bed and wake up at consistent times. It’s been proven that reliable sleep patterns help maintain a healthy circadian rhythm, which in turn promotes better sleep quality. Now that you’ve cut your screen time before bed, you’ll need an alarm clock. Find one that has sleep - friendly features like sound baths or meditations—or try a smart light to create the perfect atmosphere for a relaxing night. Revamp Your Bedtime Beauty Routine Our skin cells regenerate while we’re sleeping, which is why a consistent bedtime skincare routine is so important. Gentle exfoliants are great for retexturizing and brightening your skin while you sleep, and a rich, nourishing moisturizer will ensure you wake up glowing. Your oral care routine should also spark joy. With a patented technology that helps you squeeze out every drop, the new Colgate Elixir toothpaste is a dreamy addition to your bedtime routine. Plus, you can sleep easy knowing that Colgate Elixir’s chic tube and cap are fully recyclable. Unwind From a Long Day Creating a relaxing nighttime ritual is a great start to getting quality sleep. Foam - rolling exercise and a hot bath can help relax your muscles, and the feeling of scrubbed - clean bedsheets is truly unbeatable. Put away the screens, and instead opt for activities like meditation, journaling or listening to music. Adding the things like aromatherapy and candles, with comforting scents like lavender or chamomile, is a soothing way to help you settle into bed for a restful night. Visit colgate.ca to learn more about Colgate Elixir, available now at most major retailers for $6. 99. This article was sponsored by Colgate. 60. This page is intended to _________. A. deliver the importance of a good night’s sleep in a healthy lifestyle B. teach its readers how to sleep well with books, toothpastes and clocks C. introduce detailed instructions on using the toothpaste before bedtime D. advertise a toothpaste by providing tips on improving bedtime routines 61. What is special about Colgate Elixir? A. It brightens people’s skin when they sleep. B. It employs eco-friendly technology. C. It enables people to have good dreams. D. It ensures that people wake up glowing. 62. Which of the following statements is true based on the tips? A. An alarm clock can help regulate our sleep patterns. B. Electronic devices emit blue light that harms our sights. C. Colgate Elixir can help regenerate our cells during sleeps. D. Comforting scents can help relax our muscles before bedtime. 【答案】60. D 61. B 62. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些改善睡前习惯以帮助睡眠的方法，包括减少电子设备使用、设定固定的睡眠时间、调整睡前美容程序以及放松身心等，同时在文中还宣传了高露洁的一款牙膏产品。 【60题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，文章开篇先阐述了睡眠对健康生活方式的重要性，引出了拥有良好睡前习惯的话题。接着分别从远离电子设备、设定固定就寝时间、调整睡前美容习惯（包括皮肤护理和口腔护理）、从漫长的一天中放松下来等方面给出了一些改善睡前习惯的建议。在介绍睡前口腔护理时，重点提到了高露洁幻彩牙膏。由此可推测，这篇文章的目的是通过提供改善睡前习惯的建议来为一款牙膏做广告故选D。 【61题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章表格中“Revamp Your Bedtime Beauty Routine”部分中的“Plus, you can sleep easy knowing that Colgate Elixir’s chic tube and cap are fully recyclable.(此外，知道高露洁幻彩牙膏时尚的牙膏管和盖子完全可回收，你可以更安心地入睡。)”可知，高露洁幻彩牙膏的特别之处在于它采用了环保技术。故选B。 【62题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章表格中“Set a Bedtime and Stick to it”部分中的“If you’re going to get consistent sleep, you need to go to bed and wake up at consistent times. It’s been proven that reliable sleep patterns help maintain a healthy circadian rhythm, which in turn promotes better sleep quality.(如果你想要保持规律的睡眠，就需要在固定的时间上床睡觉和起床。事实证明，规律的睡眠模式有助于维持健康的昼夜节律，而这反过来又能提升睡眠质量。)”可知，设置闹钟有助于养成规律的睡眠习惯，所以闹钟可以帮助调节我们的睡眠模式。故选A。 (C) Since the end of World War II, a broad agreement in support of global economic integration as a force for peace and prosperity has been a pillar of the international order. This includes global trade deals, the European Union, the work of institutions like the World Bank, and the removal of capital controls. These efforts, driven by domestic progress, technology, and legislative changes, have made the world more closely connected and smaller. This broad program of global integration has been highly successful. We’ve avoided major wars, seen living standards rise, and made significant progress in fighting hunger, empowering women, as well as improving literacy and life expectancy. However, there is now a revolt against this integration, especially in the West. In the US, all presidential candidates oppose free-trade agreements like the Trans-Pacific Partnership. Trump’s proposals to wall off Mexico, cancel trade deals, and persecute Muslims are popular. The Brexit movement in the UK commands strong support, and meanwhile the EU faces challenges in maintaining open borders due to the refugee crisis. A major reason for this resistance is a lack of knowledge. People who lose jobs because factories move abroad blame globalization, but they never credit international trade for lower prices on goods. Successful exporters often attribute their success to their own skills rather than international agreements. So there is certainly a case for our leaders and business communities to educate people about the benefits of global integration. But at this late date, with the trends moving the wrong way, it is hard to be optimistic about such efforts. The core of the revolt against global integration, though, is the perception that globalization is an elite-driven project. Many believe that big companies set the agenda, playing countries against each other, and that globalization allows a few to avoid taxes and regulations. They see local communities suffering when employers lose out to foreign competitors. Elites can continue promoting integration projects and defending existing integration, hoping to win enough support so that nothing stands in the way of their efforts. The U. S. presidential campaign and the Brexit debate suggest that this approach may no longer work. Rather, future integration will depend more on technology and growth in developing countries. History shows that uncontrolled globalization without a strong leader or institutions is unlikely to succeed. Much more promising is this idea: The promotion of global integration can become a bottom-up rather than a top-down project. The emphasis can shift from promoting integration to managing its consequences. This would mean a shift from international trade agreements to international harmonization agreements, whereby issues such as labor rights and environmental protection would be central. It would also mean devoting as much political capital to the trillions of dollars that escape taxation or evade regulation through cross-border capital flows as we now devote to trade agreements. It would also mean an emphasis on the challenges of middle-class parents everywhere, who doubt, but still hope desperately, that their children can have better lives than they did. 63. Which of the following can best serve as the title of the passage? A. Global Integration: A Project Carried Out by Elites for Elites B. Global Harmonization: An Alternative for Global Trade Agreements C. Rethinking Global Integration: From Top-Down to Bottom-up D. Why the Resistance Against Globalization? 64. When the author says the trends “moving the wrong way” (para. 3) , he implies that ________. A. global economic integration could not be stopped B. the gaps between the rich and poor should be greatly narrowed C. the revolt against globalization is well underway D. an optimistic attitude will help people understand the benefits of globalization 65. According to the passage, the consideration of global integration as a project carried out by elites for elites ________. A. remains to be proved B. is not accepted by ordinary people C. should not be treated formally as it is only subjective D. should not be ignored as it carries an element of truth 66. The author suggests all of the following to promote global integration EXCEPT ________. A. turning it into a bottom-up project B. popularizing the knowledge of the benefits of globalization C. managing the consequences of globalization D. preferring global harmonization to global trade agreements 【答案】63. C 64. C 65. D 66. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章指出二战后全球经济一体化取得成功，但如今遭遇抵制，分析了原因，并提出应从自上而下推动转变为自下而上推动，重视管理其后果。 【63题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，结合倒数第二段中“Rather, future integration will depend more on technology and growth in developing countries. History shows that uncontrolled globalization without a strong leader or institutions is unlikely to succeed.(相反，未来的一体化将更多地依赖于发展中国家的技术和增长。历史表明，没有强大领导或机构的无节制全球化不太可能成功)”和最后一段中“Much more promising is this idea: The promotion of global integration can become a bottom up rather than a top down project.(更有前景的想法是：全球一体化的推进可以成为一个自下而上而非自上而下的项目)”可知，文章核心是反思全球一体化模式，提出从顶层设计转向基层推动的新思路。C项“重新思考全球一体化：从自上而下到自下而上”准确概括了这一主旨，适合作文章标题。故选C项。 【64题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段中“A major reason for this resistance is a lack of knowledge. People who lose jobs because factories move abroad blame globalization, but they never credit international trade for lower prices on goods. Successful exporters often attribute their success to their own skills rather than international agreements.(这种抗拒的一个主要原因是缺乏知识。那些因为工厂搬到国外而失去工作的人把责任归咎于全球化，但他们从不把商品价格的降低归功于国际贸易。成功的出口商往往把他们的成功归功于自己的技能，而不是国际协议)”可知，人们对全球化的认知不足，所以抗拒它。由此推知，句子“But at this late date, with the trends moving the wrong way, it is hard to be optimistic about such efforts.(但在这个时候，随着趋势朝着错误的方向发展，很难对这些努力持乐观态度)”中加粗部分指的是人们抗拒全球化，即“反对全球化的运动正在进行”。故选C项。 【65题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“The core of the revolt against global integration, though, is the perception that globalization is an elite driven project. Many believe that big companies set the agenda, playing countries against each other, and that globalization allows a few to avoid taxes and regulations. They see local communities suffering when employers lose out to foreign competitors.(然而，反对全球一体化的核心是认为全球化是一个由精英推动的项目。许多人认为大公司设定议程，让各国相互对立，而且全球化让少数人能够避税和逃避监管。他们看到当雇主输给外国竞争对手时，当地社区遭受痛苦)”可知，人们有这样的看法并非毫无道理，所以这种认为全球化是精英为精英开展的项目的观点不应被忽视，因为它有一定的真实性。故选D项。 【66题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“The promotion of global integration can become a bottom up rather than a top down project. The emphasis can shift from promoting integration to managing its consequences. This would mean a shift from international trade agreements to international harmonization agreements(全球一体化的推进可以成为一个自下而上而非自上而下的项目。重点可以从促进一体化转移到管理其后果。这将意味着从国际贸易协定转向国际协调协定)”可知，作者提到要将其转变为自下而上的项目、管理全球化的后果以及更倾向于全球协调而非全球贸易协定，所以A、C和D项是作者的建议。B项未提及。故选B项。 (D) Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. The Troubling Decline in the Global Fertility Rate By the end of this century, nearly every country may face a shrinking population. The global fertility rate has halved over the past 50 years to 2.3, falling below the replacement rate of 2.1 in most developed economies. This decline is driven by positive socio-economic trends, including increased female labor participation and education, as well as lower childhood mortality and better welfare systems. These factors have led to fewer children or delayed childbirth. ____67____ The impact of falling birth rates is significant. A shrinking workforce will struggle to support the healthcare and pension costs of an aging population, potentially leading to higher taxes and strained public finances. Fewer young workers may also limit innovation and productivity growth. Some propose pronatalist policies, such as tax breaks, but these often fail to address the root causes and may distort women’s choices. ____68____ However, even family-friendly policies in Nordic countries have not reversed the trend. Studies suggest that environmental factors may also be affecting fertility. Immigration could be a short-term solution, but it is not sustainable as developing countries also face aging populations. Ultimately, developed economies must adapt to having fewer young people. This means relying more on older workers, AI, and automation to fill the gap. ____69____ Traditional family structures may evolve, and communities may need to redefine their support systems for both the elderly and the young. Education systems may need to adapt to smaller student populations, while businesses may need to rethink their strategies to accommodate an aging workforce. The shift towards an older society also means that there will be increased demand for services and products tailored to the needs of older adults, potentially driving new economic opportunities in sectors such as healthcare, technology, and leisure. In conclusion, the decline in global fertility rates presents a complex challenge that requires a multifaceted approach. ____70____ Societies must be prepared to adapt to a new demographic reality, where older workers, technological advancements, and innovative social structures play a more significant role in sustaining economic and social development. A. While policies aimed at supporting families and reducing the costs of raising children are essential, they may not be sufficient to reverse the trend entirely. B. Instead, governments should focus on reducing barriers to parenthood, such as improving childcare support, removing tax disincentives, and enhancing parental leave entitlements. C. The economic and social forces behind declining births are unlikely to be reversed in the long term, and societies will need to adjust to an older workforce and slower population growth. D. Moreover, the decline in birth rates also has cultural and social implications. E. In developing nations, fertility rates remain above the “wanted rate,” but in advanced economics, couples often have fewer children than desired due to rising parenting costs and limited disposable income. F. Rather, developed economies need to be better prepared for a drop in younger workers. 【答案】67. E 68. A 69. D 70. F 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了全球生育率的下降及其原因和影响。 【67题详解】 根据前文“The global fertility rate has halved over the past 50 years to 2.3, falling below the replacement rate of 2.1 in most developed economies. This decline is driven by positive socio-economic trends, including increased female labor participation and education, as well as lower childhood mortality and better welfare systems. These factors have led to fewer children or delayed childbirth.(过去50年，全球生育率减半至2.3，在大多数发达经济体低于2.1的更替率。这种下降是由积极的社会经济趋势推动的，包括女性劳动力参与率和教育程度的提高、儿童死亡率的降低以及更好的福利制度。这些因素导致生育子女数量减少或生育推迟)”可知，空前提到了全球生育率下降的情况及原因，故E项“在发展中国家，生育率仍高于“预期生育率”，但在发达经济体，由于抚养子女的成本不断上升和可支配收入有限，夫妇往往比预期生育的孩子少。”进一步对比了发展中国家和发达经济体在生育率方面的不同情况，与上文内容紧密相关，承接上文对生育率话题的阐述，故选E项。 【68题详解】 根据空前“Some propose pronatalist policies, such as tax breaks, but these often fail to address the root causes and may distort women’s choices.(一些人提出鼓励生育的政策，如税收减免，但这些政策往往未能解决根本原因，还可能扭曲女性的选择)”可知，空前提到了这些政策根本无法解决根本原因，会扭曲女性的选择，故A项“虽然旨在支持家庭和降低养育子女成本的政策至关重要，但它们可能不足以完全扭转这一趋势”承接上文，继续探讨政策在应对生育率下降问题上的局限性，与上文逻辑连贯，故选A项。 【69题详解】 根据空后“Traditional family structures may evolve, and communities may need to redefine their support systems for both the elderly and the young. Education systems may need to adapt to smaller student populations, while businesses may need to rethink their strategies to accommodate an aging workforce.(传统的家庭结构可能会发生变化，社区可能需要重新定义对老年人和年轻人的支持系统。教育系统可能需要适应学生人数的减少，而企业可能需要重新思考其战略，以适应老龄化的劳动力)”可知，空后提到了生育率下降对文化和社会方面的影响，如家庭结构演变、教育系统和商业策略需调整等，故D项“而且，出生率的下降也有文化和社会影响”符合语境，提出出生率下降也有文化和社会的影响，引出后文解释具体是怎样影响的。故选D项。 【70题详解】 根据空前“In conclusion, the decline in global fertility rates presents a complex challenge that requires a multifaceted approach.(总的来说，全球生育率下降是一项复杂的挑战，需要采取多方面的办法)”以及空后“Societies must be prepared to adapt to a new demographic reality, where older workers, technological advancements, and innovative social structures play a more significant role in sustaining economic and social development.(社会必须准备好适应新的人口现实，即老年工人、技术进步和创新的社会结构在维持经济和社会发展方面发挥更重要的作用)”可知，空前提到需要采取多方面的办法，空后提出了具体的方法，故F项“相反，发达经济体需要更好地为年轻劳动力的减少做好准备。”符合语境，承接前文的需要采取多方面的办法，引出后文的具体方法。故选F项。 第II卷 (共25分) I. Translation (3'+3'+4'+5') Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 71. 过去的几个月见证了由人工智能推动的技术进步。 (witness) (汉译英) _________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The past few months have witnessed technological advancements driven by artificial intelligence. 【解析】 【详解】考查短语和时态。表示“过去的几个月”用the past few months，作主语；表示“见证”用动词witness，陈述过去动作对现在造成的影响，为现在完成时；表示“由人工智能推动的技术进步”用过去分词短语driven by artificial intelligence，作后置定语修饰technological advancements，翻译为technological advancements driven by artificial intelligence。故翻译为The past few months have witnessed technological advancements driven by artificial intelligence. 72. 由于缺乏强有力的措施，当地方言正面临消失殆尽的风险。 (lack) (汉译英) _________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Due to a lack of strong measures, local dialects are at risk of disappearing completely. 【解析】 【详解】考查时态。句子陈述事实用一般现在时，“由于”表达为due to；“缺乏”表达为a lack of...；“强有力的措施”表达为strong measures；“由于缺乏强有力的措施”为原因状语，故应用“介词短语due to+名词”，表达为：Due to a lack of strong measures；主语“当地方言”表达为local dialects；谓语动词用be动词are，“面临……的风险”表达为at risk of doing...，为介词短语作表语；“消失殆尽”表达为disappear completely，动名词作介词of的宾语。故翻译为：Due to a lack of strong measures, local dialects are at risk of disappearing completely. 73. 如今，各种在线课程和学习资源唾手可得，这在很大程度上为人们提供了更多自我提升的机会。 (available) (汉译英) _________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Nowadays, various online courses and learning resources are readily available, which largely provides people with more opportunities for self-improvement. 【解析】 【详解】考查短语、时态和定语从句。“如今”翻译为Nowadays，在句中作状语；“各种在线课程和学习资源”翻译为various online courses and learning resources；“唾手可得”翻译为readily available；指代前面一件事，用关系代词which引导非限定性定语从句；“提供某人某事”用短语provide sb. with sth.；“更多自我提升的机会”翻译为more opportunities for self-improvement。陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。故翻译为Nowadays, various online courses and learning resources are readily available, which largely provides people with more opportunities for self-improvement. 74. 在全球各大城市和交通枢纽，多语言服务台随处可见，方便来自世界各地的旅行者寻求帮助和指引。 (it) (汉译英) _________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Throughout the world’s major cities and transportation centers, it is not uncommon to find multilingual service desks, which help tourists from around the world seek help and guidance. 【解析】 【详解】考查短语、时态和it作形式主语。本句的主语是“多语言服务台”，在英文中翻译为multilingual service desks，“随处可见”在英文中使用句型it is not uncommon to do sth.来表达，“寻求帮助和指引”在英文中翻译为seek help and guidance，“来自世界各地的旅行者”在英文中翻译为tourists from around the world，“方便来自世界各地的旅行者寻求帮助和指引”在句中非限定性定语从句，在英文中翻译为which help tourists from around the world seek for help and guidance，“在全球各大城市和交通枢纽”在英文中翻译为Throughout the world’s major cities and transportation centers，放在句首首字母大写。陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。故答案为：Throughout the world’s major cities and transportation centers, it is not uncommon to find multilingual service desks, which help tourists from around the world seek help and guidance. II. Guided Writing (10') 75. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是明启中学高一学生李明，最近看到学校英语报上正在开展主题为“Technology for a Smarter Life”的校园创客大赛活动，广泛征集同学们的智能产品设计方案。你对此很感兴趣，有意分享自己的科创方案设计。请写一封英文版的正式邮件给主编，内容须包括： 1) 你所设计的产品名称； 2) 该产品的功能定位及适用群体； 3) 结合生活观察阐述你的设计灵感来源（如：特定场景触动、自然现象启示等） ； 4) 对该产品的市场前景展望。 __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Editor-in-Chief, I’m Li Ming, from Mingqi High School. Having noticed the “Technology for a Smarter Life” maker contest launched on the school English newspaper, I’m thrilled to share my smart product design with you. The product I’ve designed is called “SmartGuard-Elderly Fall Prevention Bracelet”. It’s a wearable device with advanced sensors that can detect sudden falls and movements. Once a fall is detected, it automatically sends an emergency alert to pre-set contacts along with the user’s location information. It is targeted at the elderly population. The inspiration for this design comes from my observation of daily life. In my neighborhood, I often see elderly people taking walks. Some of them walk unsteadily, and it’s easy to imagine the danger they might face if they fall and can’t get up.  The SmartGuard bracelet not only meets this demand but also offers additional health monitoring features. I believe it will have a bright future in the market. Yours sincerely, Li Ming 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一封英文版的正式邮件给学校英语报的主编，分享自己的科创方案设计，内容须包括你所设计的产品名称，该产品的功能定位及适用群体，结合生活观察阐述你的设计灵感来源和对该产品的市场前景展望。 【详解】1.词汇积累 兴奋的：thrilled→exalted 警报：alert→warning 不稳定地：unsteadily→astatically 提供：offer→provide 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Having noticed the “Technology for a Smarter Life” maker contest launched on the school English newspaper, I’m thrilled to share my smart product design with you. 拓展句：Having noticed the “Technology for a Smarter Life” maker contest which was launched on the school English newspaper, I’m thrilled to share my smart product design with you. 【点睛】[高分句型1] The product I’ve designed is called “SmartGuard-Elderly Fall Prevention Bracelet”. (运用了省略that/which的限制性定语从句) [高分句型2] It’s a wearable device with advanced sensors that can detect sudden falls and movements. (运用了that引导的限制性定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $