精品解析：山东省济宁市嘉祥县第一中学2024-2025学年高三下学期4月月考英语试题

嘉祥一中2024-2025学年高三第二学期4月月考英语试题 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．What does the woman mean? A．She didn’t go outside. B．She didn’t hear clearly. C．She didn’t see the glasses. 2．Who is the man speaking to? A．A dentist. B．His daughter. C．Mrs. Smith. 3．Why was the man out of work? A．He was fired because of lateness. B．He quit the job owing to his health problem. C．His company closed down due to the COVID-19. 4．What will the woman do? A．Write a report. B．Go shopping. C．Go home. 5．What are the speakers mainly talking about? A．A country. B．The population. C．A language. 第二节：(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6．What does the man do? A．A car seller. B．A police officer. C．A student. 7．What do we know about the woman? A．She’ll have to pay a fine. B．She can’t offer the license. C．She just receives a warning. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8．Why does the woman want to lose weight? A．To look pretty. B．To stay healthy. C．To avoid being laughed at. 9．What does the woman ask the man to do? A．Buy her a cup of coffee. B．Give her some suggestions. C．Make a training plan for her. 10．What does the woman think of the man? A．He’s quite helpful. B．He’s a little worried. C．He’s so surprised. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11．What does the woman want the man to do at first? A．Make a decision quickly. B．Drive the car on the freeway. C．Talk about price. 12．What does the man say about the car? A．Its style really appeals to him. B．It is a second-hand car with high price. C．It doesn’t drive smoothly. 13．How much should the man pay if he buys the car? A．$16,600. B．$17,800. C．$18,600. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。 14．What is the conversation mainly about? A．Habits. B．Advice. C．Hobbies. 15．What is Agatha Christie probably? A．A famous writer. B．A movie star. C．A bookseller. 16．What does Bob suggest doing? A．Buying some books. B．Watching movies. C．Waiting at the office. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17．Where is Easter Island? A．In Europe. B．In America. C．In the southeastern Pacific Ocean. 18．What caused the decrease of the population? A．Disease. B．War. C．Earthquakes. 19．How many statues are on the island? A．788. B．1100. C．887. 20．What has been proved about the statues? A．They remain a mystery today. B．They were from another planet. C．They were built by ancient people on the island. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A篇 To improve a high schoolers chance of getting into a top university, the summer programs allow young students to explore fields of interest and get a taste of college life. Telluride Association Summer Program (TASP) TASP is a six-week program allowing high school freshman from around the world to grow their sense of interpersonal awareness and community responsibility. It's completely free, including the cost of tuition, books and even travel. Minority Introduction to Engineering and Science (MITES) This week-long program aimed at all US high school students can help them develop the skills necessary for future job in engineering while learning about the value and reward of acquiring advanced technical degrees. MITES is free—the only expense is the transportation to and from MIT. Clark Scholar Program (CSP) High school students coming from across the globe are offered the unique opportunity to gain hands-on research experience in mathematics field while working one on one with teaching staff over four intense weeks. Everything is free for chosen applicants except their meals. JCamp The seven-week one brings high school freshman and sophomores from various backgrounds together for participating in sessions and workshops led by notable journalists where students can get hands-on training in journalism. JCamp is free if selected-participants only need to pay for the board. 1. What can be expected of MITES? A. It is accessible to worldwide students. B. It lays a foundation for career prospect. C. It makes no extra charge for transportation. D. It awards students advanced technical degrees. 2. Which program is suitable for a UK high schooler with up to 5 spare weeks? A. TASP. B. MITES. C. CSP. D. JCamp. 3. What is the shared goal of the programs? A. To seek for one-on-one instruction. B. To develop a sense of social duty. C. To get participants better prepared for college. D. To advertise some majors of the top universities. B篇 A new study, published this week in the journal Frontiers in Veterinary Science, reveals that non-human animals' tears are not so different from our own. The chemical similarities are so great, in fact, that the composition of other species' tears—and how they're adapted to their environments-may provide insights into better treatments for human eye disease. Previously, scientists had studied closely only the tears of a handful of mammals, including humans, dogs, horses, camels, and monkeys. In the new study, Brazilian veterinarians analyzed the tears of reptiles and birds for the first time , focusing on seven species. Tears, which are released from tear tubes, form a film over the eye that's composed of three ingredients: mucus, waler, and oil. The mucus coats the eyes surface and helps to attach the film to the eye, the water is a natural salty solution containing crucial proteins and minerals, and the oil prevents the eye from drying out. Humans are the only known species to produce emotional tears; the expression "crocodile tears," which refers to a person's phony display of emotion, comes from the mysterious tendency of crocodiles to release tears as they eat. But tears play key roles beyond weeping, notes Lionel Sebbag at Iowa State University, who was not involved in the new research. They help with vision by lubricating and clearing the eye. They also protect the eye against infection and provide nutrition to the cornea, the eye's clear outer layer, which lacks blood tubes, he says. Learning how reptiles and birds' use tears may also inspire new medications for conditions such as dry eye, which occurs when tear tubes don't produce enough oil. The disease, common in cats, dogs, and people, can sometimes lead to blindness. 4. What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A. The source of tears. B. The composition of tears. C. The classification of tears, D. The definition of tears. 5. What does the underlined word "phony” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Tricky. B. Regretful. C. Cold. D. False. 6 Which statement does Lionel Sebbag agree with? A. Weeping contributes to eye disease. B. The cornea has rich blood tubes. C. Tears oil and clear the eyes. D. More tears mean better vision. 7. What might be the best title for the text? A. Tears, a barrier to eyes B. A better treatment for eye disease C. Non-human tears promise new cures D. Other species’ tears are similar to humans' C篇 With self-driving vehicle technology rapidly advancing, many companies are turning to autonomous robots for the final leg of the delivery process, from the store or local distribution center to the customer. The latest to join the trend is e-commerce giant Amazon. Following a successful eight — month test run in Snohomish County, Washington, the company's Scout robots have been making the rounds of Irvine, California, since August 6, 2019. The six-wheeled Scout is about the size of a large cooler with the capacity to carry small or medium-sized packages. The battery-powered vehicle, which moves at a regular walking pace, has been programmed to avoid pedestrians, animals, and unexpected obstacles, such as garbage cans. Its powerful sensors can also detect the movement of a car backing out of a driveway. To accelerate Scout's development and bring it nationwide sooner, the company has created several detailed virtual maps of American suburbs and conducted trial deliveries to homes there. Though Amazon has not shown how Scout ensures the delivery is picked up by the right person, it most likely requires the customer to apply a unique code, texted to them prior to the delivery, to unlock the store box. Also unclear is the number of deliveries Scout can complete before its battery needs to be recharged. Though the initial tests are being conducted with a human for company, the robot will be autonomous in the future. Its location, however, will be tracked at all times ——if someone attempts to steal Scout, Amazon employees will be instantly sensed. However, the eco-friendly robots are unable to climb stairs or open gates, which means that they can only reach consumers who live on the ground level. Additionally, the robots are unable to leave packages at the front door if the customers are not home. Whether these problems get resolved remains to be seen. For now, it appears that humans will still be needed to achieve the ever-growing demand for home and office deliveries. 8. What are many companies developing autonomous robots for? A. Final tests. B. The so-called last mile. C. Robots' safety. D. Delivery speed. 9. What can we infer about Scout from paragraph 2? A. It looks like a cooler. B. It adjusts its speed accordingly. C. Its sensors play a key role. D. It will be widely used soon. 10. What does the underlined phrase “prior to" in paragraph 4 mean? A. Before. B. After. C. In front of. D. Due to. 11. From which is the text probably taken? A. A biology textbook. B. A health magazine. C. A newspaper. D. A travel brochure. D篇 Wood has many great characteristics that make it the perfect building material. It is cheap, durable(耐用的), easily available, and most importantly, environmentally sustainable. The one thing it is not, is transparent(透明的).Now thanks to a team of scientists at Stockholm’s KTH Royal Institute of Technology, the material may even be able to add that feature to its already impressive list. Lead researcher Dr. Lars Berglund said he was inspired to create the transparent wood after learning how Japanese researchers had developed a see-through paper for use in flexible display screens for electronic devices. The team began by pulling out the wood’s lignin (木质素). The lignin-free wood was then dipped into a polymer (聚合物) and baked at a temperature of 158F for four hours. The result was a hybrid product that was not only stronger and lighter than the original wood but also, almost transparent. The researchers were able to adjust the level of transparency by varying the amount of the polymer injected and also by changing the thickness of the wood. While scientists have previously created a see-through wood for small-scale applications like computer chips the transparent wood is the first one being considered for large scale applications. The researchers, who revealed their findings in Biomacromolecules on April 11, picture using the transparent wood in buildings to allow for more natural light, or to create windows that let in the desired amount of light without sacrificing privacy. Wood that allows light to pass through could lead to a brighter future for homes and buildings. Berglund also thinks the wood could play a significant role in the design of solar panels. The semi-transparent material would be able to keep light longer and give it more time to interact with the conductor, thus resulting in better solar efficiency. Additionally, substituting the currently used glass with this new product would help solar energy manufacturers improve their carbon footprint and lower the cost. They are now experimenting with ways to scale up the manufacturing process so that the transparent material is cost-effective to make and easy to use. 12. What does the underlined part "that feature" in Paragraph 1 refer to? A. Cheapness. B. Durability. C. Sustainability. D. Transparency. 13. Which of the following is not the process in which the transparent wood is made? A. Dip the wood into a polymer. B. Reduce the amount of the polymer. C. Make the wood lignin-free. D. Bake the wood for some time. 14. What’s the purpose of using the transparent wood in buildings? A. To protect privacy. B. To scale out applications. C. To get more natural light. D. To observe more clearly. 15. What is the last paragraph mainly about? A. The bright future of the transparent wood. B. The wood’s role in the design of solar panels. C The disadvantages of the currently used glass. D. Solar energy manufacturers’ carbon footprint. 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。有两项为多余选项。 Reading books can exercise your brain. Kids who started reading at an earlier age go on to perform better on certain intelligence tests, such as analyses of their vocabulary size. As one gets older, it might help slow down or even cease cognitive (认知的) decline. ____16____ Many Americans don’t read frequently. It’s time to reverse this trend to give your brain gray matter a good workout. ____17____ When you have some down time — you’re waiting for a friend, sleeping lightly on the way from or to work, or doing a task that doesn’t require your full attention — you can open your text instead of pulling up your favorite smartphone game. ____18____ While paper is still the clear winner in the court of public opinion, science hasn’t proven that physical books are better than digital ones. Academic research has mostly focused on the ability to remember. A study took place in a laboratory setting: Students all read the same text, but some looked at the words on paper and others viewed an on-screen PDF. It turned out that no meaningful difference between the two media existed. As for audiobooks (有声读物), they affected the brain gray matter somewhat differently. ____19____. Ultimately, if you hope to get a reading habit going, you shouldn’t dismiss paper digital, or audio. ____20____ Don’t be afraid to change things up depending on the occasion. A. Audiobooks still affect your thoughts and feelings. B. Go with what makes the most sense for your needs. C. This brings about a great debate: pages vs screens vs audio. D. Words on a page can improve the emotional intelligence. E. Keep a book, e-reader, or audiobook app on you as you go about the day. F. However, they stimulated the brain just as deeply as black-and-white pages. G. Despite this, the overall book-reading time for Americans is on the decline. 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 When I entered Berkeley, I hoped to earn a scholarship. Having been a Straight A student, I believed I could ___21___ tough subjects and really learn something. One such course was World Literature given by Professor Jayne. I was extremely interested in the ideas he ___22___ in class. When I took the first exam of my best subject English, I was ___23___ to find a 77, C plus, on my test paper. I went to Professor Jayne, who listened to my arguments but remained ___24___. I decided to try harder, and I read the books more carefully, but got another 77 again. I ___25___ with Professor Jayne. Again, he listened patiently but wouldn't change his ___26___. One more test before the final exam. One more chance to improve my grade. So I redoubled my effort and, for the first time ___27___ the meaning of the word “thorough”. But my effort did no good and everything ___28___ as before. The last hurdle(障碍)was the final. No matter what ___29___ I got, it wouldn't cancel three C pluses. I might as well kiss the ____30____ goodbye. I stopped working hard. I felt I knew the course material as well as I ever would. The night before the final I even ____31____ myself to a movie. The next day I decided for once I'd have ____32____ with a test. A week later, I was surprised to find I got an A. I hurried into Professor Jayne's office. He ____33____ to be expecting me, “If I gave you the As you ____34____, you wouldn't continue to work hard.” I stared at him ____35____ that his analysis and strategy(策略)were correct. I was speechless when my course grade arrived: A plus. The next year I received my scholarship. I always remembered Professor Jayne's lesson: you alone must set your own standard of excellence. 21. A. take B. discuss C. cover D. get 22. A. sought B. presented C. exchanged D. obtained 23. A. shocked B. worried C. scared D. anxious 24. A. unchangeable B. unpleasant C. unfriendly D. unmoved 25. A. quarreled B. reasoned C. bargained D. chatted 26. A. attitude B. mind C. plan D. view 27. A. memorized B. considered C. accepted D. learned 28 A. stayed B. went C. worked D. changed 29. A. grade B. answer C. lesson D. comment 30. A. scholarship B. course C. degree D. subject 31. A. helped B. favored C. treated D. relaxed 32. A. fun B. luck C. problems D. tricks 33. A. happened B. proved C. pretended D. seemed 34. A. valued B. imagined C. expected D. welcomed 35. A. remembering B. guessing C. supposing D. realizing 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 New Yorkers were shocked in early December when a creature as big as a school bus ____36____ (surface) from the Hudson River. Over the next three days,____37____ humpback whale (座头鲸) swam by several popular tourist destinations, where a journalist took____38____(photo) of the animal seemingly waving its tail at Lady Liberty. Scientists say NYC0089, which hasn't been spotted in several weeks, has likely returned to deeper waters south of the Hudson. Still, the ____39____(frequent) of whale sightings in the broader area has gone up rapidly in recent years. “With these numbers increasing ____40____ (sharp), it's not surprising that you're seeing them in some unusual places,” says Brown — a biologist. Including the Hudson River and Staten Island. Scientists say the ____41____(rise) whale sightings are likely related to purer water and a brimming buffet of Atlantic menhaden, a fish favored by humpbacks, resulting ____42____ landmark environmental regulations ____43____(pass) in the 1970s as well as New York city cleanup efforts. “Seeing more whales in this area is a sign____44____ the waters are cleaner and there's more food here for these whales,” Brown says. “It shows _____45_____ we've been doing is working, so we need to keep doing that — and more — to protect these species.” 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，上周日你校组织学生进行了“垃圾分类”宣讲活动，请给学校英文网站写一篇报道，内容包括： 1.参加人员； 2.活动内容； 3.活动反响。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Garbage classification starts from ourselves __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Melati and Isabel deeply love their home on the island, surrounded by tropical rain forests, green fields, and a vast ocean. Enjoying a swim at their local beach was once a daily pleasure for them. But when Melati was fifteen, and Isabel just ten, the sisters started to lose their enthusiasm for swimming in the waters near their borne. More often than not, plastic bags would be around them as they swam and some were scattered on the beach. They got really upset about that. Melati didn’t think much about it until one day her teacher gave a lesson on some world heroes. Each of those people had sparked movements of positive changes in the world. They believed in the impact they could have and they did inspire more people to do something meaningful. After school, Melati walked home slowly in silence, concerned about the vast amount of plastic rubbish on the beach. The heroes crossed her mind. If they could do it, we could do it too, she thought. The idea lit her up. She couldn’t wait to share what she thought with Isabel and quickened her pace. “So many plastic bags around! The beach is dirty and messy! It’s so terrible! We have lost the clean and beautiful beach. Can’t we do something to get it back?” Melati said heartily. Isabel felt a bit puzzled at what to do, but she also had a strong desire to do something. Picturing a beach as fascinating as before in mind, the pair jumped with joy. They talked a lot, anxious to know how Dad and Mom would respond to their ideas. That night when the family sat by the dinner table, the sisters eagerly got their ideas across. While Mom and Dad listened to the girls carefully, their eyes shone. “How amazing that would be! We are so proud of you!” Dad exclaimed. Mom came up, gave them a thumb up and hugged the sisters. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Melati and Isabel decided to make a positive impact straight away. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ One month later, Melati received a call from the local newspaper. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 嘉祥一中2024-2025学年高三第二学期4月月考英语试题 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．What does the woman mean? A．She didn’t go outside. B．She didn’t hear clearly. C．She didn’t see the glasses. 2．Who is the man speaking to? A．A dentist. B．His daughter. C．Mrs. Smith. 3．Why was the man out of work? A．He was fired because of lateness. B．He quit the job owing to his health problem. C．His company closed down due to the COVID-19. 4．What will the woman do? A．Write a report. B．Go shopping. C．Go home. 5．What are the speakers mainly talking about? A．A country. B．The population. C．A language. 第二节：(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6．What does the man do? A．A car seller. B．A police officer. C．A student. 7．What do we know about the woman? A．She’ll have to pay a fine. B．She can’t offer the license. C．She just receives a warning. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8．Why does the woman want to lose weight? A．To look pretty. B．To stay healthy. C．To avoid being laughed at. 9．What does the woman ask the man to do? A．Buy her a cup of coffee. B．Give her some suggestions. C．Make a training plan for her. 10．What does the woman think of the man? A．He’s quite helpful. B．He’s a little worried. C．He’s so surprised. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11．What does the woman want the man to do at first? A．Make a decision quickly. B．Drive the car on the freeway. C．Talk about price. 12．What does the man say about the car? A．Its style really appeals to him. B．It is a second-hand car with high price. C．It doesn’t drive smoothly. 13．How much should the man pay if he buys the car? A．$16,600. B．$17,800. C．$18,600. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。 14．What is the conversation mainly about? A．Habits B．Advice. C．Hobbies. 15．What is Agatha Christie probably? A．A famous writer. B．A movie star. C．A bookseller. 16．What does Bob suggest doing? A．Buying some books. B．Watching movies. C．Waiting at the office. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17．Where is Easter Island? A．In Europe. B．In America. C．In the southeastern Pacific Ocean. 18．What caused the decrease of the population? A．Disease. B．War. C．Earthquakes. 19．How many statues are on the island? A．788. B．1100. C．887. 20．What has been proved about the statues? A．They remain a mystery today. B．They were from another planet. C．They were built by ancient people on the island. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A篇 To improve a high schoolers chance of getting into a top university, the summer programs allow young students to explore fields of interest and get a taste of college life. Telluride Association Summer Program (TASP) TASP is a six-week program allowing high school freshman from around the world to grow their sense of interpersonal awareness and community responsibility. It's completely free, including the cost of tuition, books and even travel. Minority Introduction to Engineering and Science (MITES) This week-long program aimed at all US high school students can help them develop the skills necessary for future job in engineering while learning about the value and reward of acquiring advanced technical degrees. MITES is free—the only expense is the transportation to and from MIT. Clark Scholar Program (CSP) High school students coming from across the globe are offered the unique opportunity to gain hands-on research experience in mathematics field while working one on one with teaching staff over four intense weeks. Everything is free for chosen applicants except their meals. JCamp The seven-week one brings high school freshman and sophomores from various backgrounds together for participating in sessions and workshops led by notable journalists where students can get hands-on training in journalism. JCamp is free if selected-participants only need to pay for the board. 1. What can be expected of MITES? A. It is accessible to worldwide students. B. It lays a foundation for career prospect. C. It makes no extra charge for transportation. D. It awards students advanced technical degrees. 2. Which program is suitable for a UK high schooler with up to 5 spare weeks? A. TASP. B. MITES. C. CSP. D. JCamp. 3. What is the shared goal of the programs? A. To seek for one-on-one instruction. B. To develop a sense of social duty. C. To get participants better prepared for college. D. To advertise some majors of the top universities. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. C 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个帮助学生为大学做好准备的暑期项目。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“This week-long program aimed at all US high school students can help them develop the skills necessary for future job in engineering while learning about the value and reward of acquiring advanced technical degrees.(这个为期一周的项目针对所有美国高中生，可以帮助他们发展未来工程工作所需的技能，同时了解获得高级技术学位的价值和回报)”可知，MITES有望为职业前景打下基础。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“High school students coming from across the globe are offered the unique opportunity to gain hands-on research experience in mathematics field while working one on one with teaching staff over four intense weeks.(来自世界各地的高中生有机会获得数学领域的实际研究经验，同时与教师进行四个星期紧张的一对一工作)”可知，CSP课程适合最多有5周的课余时间的英国高中生。故选C。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“To improve a high schoolers chance of getting into a top university, the summer programs allow young students to explore fields of interest and get a taste of college life.(为了提高高中生进入顶尖大学的机会，暑期项目让年轻的学生可以探索感兴趣的领域，并体验大学生活)”结合文章主要介绍了四个帮助学生为大学做好准备的暑期项目。可推知，这些项目的共同目标是让参与者为上大学做更好的准备。故选C。 B篇 A new study, published this week in the journal Frontiers in Veterinary Science, reveals that non-human animals' tears are not so different from our own. The chemical similarities are so great, in fact, that the composition of other species' tears—and how they're adapted to their environments-may provide insights into better treatments for human eye disease. Previously, scientists had studied closely only the tears of a handful of mammals, including humans, dogs, horses, camels, and monkeys. In the new study, Brazilian veterinarians analyzed the tears of reptiles and birds for the first time , focusing on seven species. Tears, which are released from tear tubes, form a film over the eye that's composed of three ingredients: mucus, waler, and oil. The mucus coats the eyes surface and helps to attach the film to the eye, the water is a natural salty solution containing crucial proteins and minerals, and the oil prevents the eye from drying out. Humans are the only known species to produce emotional tears; the expression "crocodile tears," which refers to a person's phony display of emotion, comes from the mysterious tendency of crocodiles to release tears as they eat. But tears play key roles beyond weeping, notes Lionel Sebbag at Iowa State University, who was not involved in the new research. They help with vision by lubricating and clearing the eye. They also protect the eye against infection and provide nutrition to the cornea, the eye's clear outer layer, which lacks blood tubes, he says. Learning how reptiles and birds' use tears may also inspire new medications for conditions such as dry eye, which occurs when tear tubes don't produce enough oil. The disease, common in cats, dogs, and people, can sometimes lead to blindness. 4. What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A. The source of tears. B. The composition of tears. C. The classification of tears, D. The definition of tears. 5. What does the underlined word "phony” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Tricky. B. Regretful. C. Cold. D. False. 6. Which statement does Lionel Sebbag agree with? A. Weeping contributes to eye disease. B. The cornea has rich blood tubes. C. Tears oil and clear the eyes. D. More tears mean better vision. 7. What might be the best title for the text? A. Tears, a barrier to eyes B. A better treatment for eye disease C. Non-human tears promise new cures D. Other species’ tears are similar to humans' 【答案】4. B 5. D 6. C 7. C 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。一项新研究表明，动物的眼泪与人类的眼泪并没有太大不同，实际上这些眼泪为治愈人类的一些疾病提供了思路。 【4题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第三段“Tears, which are released from tear tubes, form a film over the eye that's composed of three ingredients: mucus, waler, and oil. The mucus coats the eyes surface and helps to attach the film to the eye, the water is a natural salty solution containing crucial proteins and minerals, and the oil prevents the eye from drying out. (眼泪从泪管中释放出来，在眼睛上形成一层薄膜，由三种成分组成：粘液、水和油脂。粘液覆盖了眼睛表面，有助于将眼膜附着在眼睛上。水是一种天然的含盐溶液，含有重要的蛋白质和矿物质，油可以防止眼睛干燥)”可知，第三段主要讲了眼泪的成分。故选B。 【5题详解】 词义猜测题。根据画线词后文“display of emotion, comes from the mysterious tendency of crocodiles to release tears as they eat”可知，鳄鱼进食的时候会流泪，所以“鳄鱼的眼泪”指的是一个人虚假的情感表达。即画线词意思是“虚假的”。A. Tricky.狡猾的；B. Regretful.后悔的；C. Cold.寒冷的；D. False.虚假的。故选D。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“But tears play key roles beyond weeping, notes Lionel Sebbag at Iowa State University, who was not involved in the new research. They help with vision by lubricating and clearing the eye.(但爱荷华州立大学的Lionel Sebbag指出，眼泪在哭泣之外还发挥着关键作用，他没有参与这项新研究。它们通过润滑和清洁眼睛来帮助视力)”可知，C选项“眼泪可以润滑和清洁眼睛”的观点Lionel Sebbag可能同意。故选C。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“A new study, published this week in the journal Frontiers in Veterinary Science, reveals that non-human animals' tears are not so different from our own. The chemical similarities are so great, in fact, that the composition of other species' tears—and how they're adapted to their environments-may provide insights into better treatments for human eye disease. (本周发表在《兽医科学前沿》杂志上的一项新研究表明，动物的眼泪与人类的眼泪并没有太大不同。事实上，它们的化学成分非常相似，以至于其他物种的眼泪的组成以及它们如何适应环境，可能为更好地治疗人类眼病提供了思路)”可知，文章主要介绍的是动物的眼泪为治疗人类眼病提供了思路，C选项“动物的眼泪预示着新的治疗方法”最符合文章标题。故选C。 C篇 With self-driving vehicle technology rapidly advancing, many companies are turning to autonomous robots for the final leg of the delivery process, from the store or local distribution center to the customer. The latest to join the trend is e-commerce giant Amazon. Following a successful eight — month test run in Snohomish County, Washington, the company's Scout robots have been making the rounds of Irvine, California, since August 6, 2019. The six-wheeled Scout is about the size of a large cooler with the capacity to carry small or medium-sized packages. The battery-powered vehicle, which moves at a regular walking pace, has been programmed to avoid pedestrians, animals, and unexpected obstacles, such as garbage cans. Its powerful sensors can also detect the movement of a car backing out of a driveway. To accelerate Scout's development and bring it nationwide sooner, the company has created several detailed virtual maps of American suburbs and conducted trial deliveries to homes there. Though Amazon has not shown how Scout ensures the delivery is picked up by the right person, it most likely requires the customer to apply a unique code, texted to them prior to the delivery, to unlock the store box. Also unclear is the number of deliveries Scout can complete before its battery needs to be recharged. Though the initial tests are being conducted with a human for company, the robot will be autonomous in the future. Its location, however, will be tracked at all times ——if someone attempts to steal Scout, Amazon employees will be instantly sensed. However, the eco-friendly robots are unable to climb stairs or open gates, which means that they can only reach consumers who live on the ground level. Additionally, the robots are unable to leave packages at the front door if the customers are not home. Whether these problems get resolved remains to be seen. For now, it appears that humans will still be needed to achieve the ever-growing demand for home and office deliveries. 8. What are many companies developing autonomous robots for? A. Final tests. B. The so-called last mile. C. Robots' safety. D. Delivery speed. 9. What can we infer about Scout from paragraph 2? A. It looks like a cooler. B. It adjusts its speed accordingly. C. Its sensors play a key role. D. It will be widely used soon. 10. What does the underlined phrase “prior to" in paragraph 4 mean? A. Before. B. After. C. In front of. D. Due to. 11. From which is the text probably taken? A. A biology textbook. B. A health magazine. C. A newspaper. D. A travel brochure. 【答案】8. B 9. C 10. A 11. C 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了为了解决送货的最后一公里问题，机器人应运而生，许多商业巨头正在这一领域加紧努力。同时介绍了机器人外观，工作原理，以及还需要解决的问题。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的第一句“With self-driving vehicle technology rapidly advancing，many companies are turning to autonomous robots for the final leg”可知，随着自动驾驶汽车技术的迅速发展，从商店或当地配送中心到客户，许多公司都把送货行程的最后一段交给了自动机器人。许多公司开发自动机器人是为了所谓的最后一英里，故选B。“ 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“The battery-powered vehicle…has been programmed to avoid pedestrians，animals，and unexpected obstacles，such as garbage cans. Its powerful sensors can also detect the movement of a car backing out of a driveway” 这款电池驱动的汽车已经被设计成避开行人、动物和意外的障碍物，比如垃圾桶。它强大的传感器还可以探测到汽车倒车驶出车道的动作。由此可知，其传感器起了很重要的作用。故选C。 【10题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第四段中“Though Amazon has not shown how Scout ensures the delivery is picked up by the right person, it most likely requires the customer to apply a unique code, texted to them prior to the delivery, to unlock the store box.” 虽然亚马逊没有展示Scout是如何确保送货给正确的人，但它很可能要求顾客在送货前应用一个唯一的代码，发送短信给他们，以解锁商店的箱子。所以通过上下文的语境可以判断出第4段中划线的”prior to”是before“在......之前”。故选A。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。本文讲述了面对送货的最后一公里问题，人们想利用高科技，无人驾驶机器人来解决，本文时效性较高，故可能取自于报纸。故选C。 D篇 Wood has many great characteristics that make it the perfect building material. It is cheap, durable(耐用的), easily available, and most importantly, environmentally sustainable. The one thing it is not, is transparent(透明的).Now thanks to a team of scientists at Stockholm’s KTH Royal Institute of Technology, the material may even be able to add that feature to its already impressive list. Lead researcher Dr. Lars Berglund said he was inspired to create the transparent wood after learning how Japanese researchers had developed a see-through paper for use in flexible display screens for electronic devices. The team began by pulling out the wood’s lignin (木质素). The lignin-free wood was then dipped into a polymer (聚合物) and baked at a temperature of 158F for four hours. The result was a hybrid product that was not only stronger and lighter than the original wood but also, almost transparent. The researchers were able to adjust the level of transparency by varying the amount of the polymer injected and also by changing the thickness of the wood. While scientists have previously created a see-through wood for small-scale applications like computer chips, the transparent wood is the first one being considered for large scale applications. The researchers, who revealed their findings in Biomacromolecules on April 11, picture using the transparent wood in buildings to allow for more natural light, or to create windows that let in the desired amount of light without sacrificing privacy. Wood that allows light to pass through could lead to a brighter future for homes and buildings. Berglund also thinks the wood could play a significant role in the design of solar panels. The semi-transparent material would be able to keep light longer and give it more time to interact with the conductor, thus resulting in better solar efficiency. Additionally, substituting the currently used glass with this new product would help solar energy manufacturers improve their carbon footprint and lower the cost. They are now experimenting with ways to scale up the manufacturing process so that the transparent material is cost-effective to make and easy to use. 12. What does the underlined part "that feature" in Paragraph 1 refer to? A. Cheapness. B. Durability. C. Sustainability. D. Transparency. 13. Which of the following is not the process in which the transparent wood is made? A. Dip the wood into a polymer. B. Reduce the amount of the polymer. C. Make the wood lignin-free. D. Bake the wood for some time. 14. What’s the purpose of using the transparent wood in buildings? A. To protect privacy. B. To scale out applications. C. To get more natural light. D. To observe more clearly. 15 What is the last paragraph mainly about? A. The bright future of the transparent wood. B. The wood’s role in the design of solar panels. C. The disadvantages of the currently used glass. D. Solar energy manufacturers’ carbon footprint. 【答案】12. D 13. B 14. C 15. A 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍瑞典科学家研究了一种新型的木质材料，透明的木质材料，该材料有着广阔的前景，但是成本仍需降低。 【12题详解】 词句猜测题。根据上文Wood has many great characteristics that make it the perfect building material. It is cheap, durable(耐用的), easily available, and most importantly, environmentally sustainable.可知木头有很多优点，再结合The one thing it is not, is transparent! 木材不透明是其一个特征，而现在有研究人员将这一特性加入，显然这一特性指的是透明性，故选D项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段的The team began by pulling out the wood's lignin(木质素). The lignin-free wood was then dipped into a polymer（聚合物）and baked at a temperature of 158°F for four hours. 可知首先抽出木材的木质素。 然后将无木质素的木材浸入聚合物中，然后在高温下烘烤4小时。 再根据 The researchers were able to adjust the level of transparency by varying the amount of the polymer injected and also by changing the thickness of the wood.可知，研究人员能够通过改变注入的聚合物的数量和改变木材的厚度来调整透明度水平。因此可知 不包含B项“减少聚合物的数量。”。故选B项。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段的The researchers, who revealed their findings in Biomacromolecules on April 11, picture using the transparent wood in buildings to allow for more natural light, or to create windows that let in the desired amount of light without sacrificing privacy.(研究人员于4月11日公布了他们在生物大分子中的发现，他们利用建筑物中的透明木材来创造更多的自然光，或者在不牺牲隐私的情况下创造出所需光线的窗户)可推断，建筑物使用透明木材的目的是得到更多的自然光。故选C。 15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段第一句Wood that allows light to pass through could lead to a brighter future for homes and buildings.可知，本段主要讲述新的透明木质材料有着很好的前途，主要体现在增加太阳能能源版的使用寿命，降低传统企业的碳足迹，故选A项。 【点睛】词义猜测题是阅读题中常见的出题形式。做这类题时，要根据词、词组或句子所在的语境，即上下文来判断其意义。因此熟练掌握一些猜词技巧是做好这类题的关键。比如：根据语境，根据同义关系，对比关系，因果关系等，尤其需注意熟词生义。例如本题第1小题，可以通过语境来猜测。根据上文Wood has many great characteristics that make it the perfect building material. It is cheap, durable(耐用的), easily available, and most importantly, environmentally sustainable.可知木头有很多优点，再结合The one thing it is not, is transparent! 木材不透明是其一个特征，而现在有研究人员将这一特性加入，显然这一特性指的是透明性，故选D项。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。有两项为多余选项。 Reading books can exercise your brain. Kids who started reading at an earlier age go on to perform better on certain intelligence tests, such as analyses of their vocabulary size. As one gets older, it might help slow down or even cease cognitive (认知的) decline. ____16____ Many Americans don’t read frequently. It’s time to reverse this trend to give your brain gray matter a good workout. ____17____ When you have some down time — you’re waiting for a friend, sleeping lightly on the way from or to work, or doing a task that doesn’t require your full attention — you can open your text instead of pulling up your favorite smartphone game. ____18____ While paper is still the clear winner in the court of public opinion, science hasn’t proven that physical books are better than digital ones. Academic research has mostly focused on the ability to remember. A study took place in a laboratory setting: Students all read the same text, but some looked at the words on paper and others viewed an on-screen PDF. It turned out that no meaningful difference between the two media existed. As for audiobooks (有声读物), they affected the brain gray matter somewhat differently. ____19____. Ultimately, if you hope to get a reading habit going, you shouldn’t dismiss paper digital, or audio. ____20____ Don’t be afraid to change things up depending on the occasion. A. Audiobooks still affect your thoughts and feelings. B. Go with what makes the most sense for your needs. C. This brings about a great debate: pages vs screens vs audio. D. Words on a page can improve the emotional intelligence. E. Keep a book, e-reader, or audiobook app on you as you go about the day. F. However, they stimulated the brain just as deeply as black-and-white pages. G. Despite this, the overall book-reading time for Americans is on the decline. 【答案】16. G 17. E 18. C 19. F 20. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讨论了阅读书籍对大脑的益处。 【16题详解】 空后“Many Americans don’t read frequently.(许多美国人不经常阅读。)”说明美国人不经常阅读，即阅读的时间减少，G选项“Despite this, the overall book-reading time for Americans is on the decline.(尽管如此，美国人的整体读书时间仍在减少。)”说明了美国人的阅读时间在减少，引起下文，符合语境，故选G。 【17题详解】 空后“When you have some down time — you’re waiting for a friend, sleeping lightly on the way from or to work, or doing a task that doesn’t require your full attention — you can open your text instead of pulling up your favorite smartphone game.(当你空闲的时候——你在等朋友，在上下班的路上睡个小觉，或者做一件不需要你全神贯注的事情——你可以打开文本而不是打开你最喜欢的智能手机游戏。)”说明了在空闲时候随时阅读，E选项“Keep a book, e-reader, or audiobook app on you as you go about the day.(每天随身携带一本书、电子阅读器或有声读物应用程序。)”说明了要随身带书，引起下文的“在空闲时随时阅读”，因此符合语境，故选E。 【18题详解】 空后“While paper is still the clear winner in the court of public opinion, science hasn’t proven that physical books are better than digital ones.(虽然纸质书在公众舆论中仍然是明显的赢家，但科学并没有证明纸质书比电子书更好。)”是在对比纸质书和电子书，C选项“This brings about a great debate: pages vs screens vs audio.(这就带来了一个巨大的争论：页面vs屏幕vs音频。)”说明了存在一个纸质书和电子书之间的争论，和后面的对比相呼应，因此引起下文，符合语境，故选C。 【19题详解】 空前“As for audiobooks (有声读物), they affected the brain gray matter somewhat differently.(至于有声读物，它们对大脑灰质的影响有所不同。)”说明了有声读物对大脑灰质的影响有所不同，空格处应该具体说明有声读物对大脑灰质的影响，F选项“However, they stimulated the brain just as deeply as black-and-white pages.(然而，它们对大脑的刺激就像黑白页面一样深刻。)”中的they指代前面的“有声读物”，说明了有声读物对大脑的具体影响，承接上文，符合语境，故选F。 【20题详解】 空前“Ultimately, if you hope to get a reading habit going, you shouldn’t dismiss paper digital, or audio.(最后，如果你希望养成阅读习惯，你就不应该放弃纸质书、电子书或有声读物。)”说明了你不应该放弃纸质书、电子书或有声读物，空格处应该说正确做法，B选项“Go with what makes the most sense for your needs.(选择最符合你需要的东西。)”说明了要选择你需要的东西，承接上文，符合语境，故选B。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 When I entered Berkeley, I hoped to earn a scholarship. Having been a Straight A student, I believed I could ___21___ tough subjects and really learn something. One such course was World Literature given by Professor Jayne. I was extremely interested in the ideas he ___22___ in class. When I took the first exam of my best subject English, I was ___23___ to find a 77, C plus, on my test paper. I went to Professor Jayne, who listened to my arguments but remained ___24___. I decided to try harder, and I read the books more carefully, but got another 77 again. I ___25___ with Professor Jayne. Again, he listened patiently but wouldn't change his ___26___. One more test before the final exam. One more chance to improve my grade. So I redoubled my effort and, for the first time ___27___ the meaning of the word “thorough”. But my effort did no good and everything ___28___ as before. The last hurdle(障碍)was the final. No matter what ___29___ I got, it wouldn't cancel three C pluses. I might as well kiss the ____30____ goodbye. I stopped working hard. I felt I knew the course material as well as I ever would. The night before the final, I even ____31____ myself to a movie. The next day I decided for once I'd have ____32____ with a test. A week later, I was surprised to find I got an A. I hurried into Professor Jayne's office. He ____33____ to be expecting me, “If I gave you the As you ____34____, you wouldn't continue to work hard.” I stared at him ____35____ that his analysis and strategy(策略)were correct. I was speechless when my course grade arrived: A plus. The next year I received my scholarship. I always remembered Professor Jayne's lesson: you alone must set your own standard of excellence. 21. A. take B. discuss C. cover D. get 22. A. sought B. presented C. exchanged D. obtained 23. A. shocked B. worried C. scared D. anxious 24. A. unchangeable B. unpleasant C. unfriendly D. unmoved 25. A. quarreled B. reasoned C. bargained D. chatted 26. A. attitude B. mind C. plan D. view 27. A. memorized B. considered C. accepted D. learned 28. A. stayed B. went C. worked D. changed 29. A. grade B. answer C. lesson D. comment 30. A. scholarship B. course C. degree D. subject 31. A. helped B. favored C. treated D. relaxed 32. A. fun B. luck C. problems D. tricks 33. A. happened B. proved C. pretended D. seemed 34. A. valued B. imagined C. expected D. welcomed 35. A. remembering B. guessing C. supposing D. realizing 【答案】21. A 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. B 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. A 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. C 35. D 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过叙述自己在Jayne教授所教科目下，努力争取A级并获得奖学金的故事告诉我们：不管做什么事，自身的努力不可或缺，任何人都有泄气的时候，但只有通过不断努力，给自己设定目标，才能不断进步。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一个优等生，我相信我可以选修一些困难的科目，并真正学到一些东西。A. take 拿走，修……课程；B. discuss 讨论；C. cover 覆盖；D. get得到。由下文的“subjects”推断，此处表示“修……课程”，应用take。故选A。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我对他在课堂上提出的一些观点非常感兴趣。A. sought 寻找；B. presented陈述；C. exchanged交流；D. obtained 获得。根据空格后的“in class”和“the ideas”可推断，此处指的是老师在课堂上所陈述的观点是作者非常感兴趣的。故选B。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我参加第一次考试时，我震惊地发现我的试卷上只有77分，一个C+。A. shocked 震惊的；B. worried 担心的；C. scared 害怕的；D. anxious焦虑的。根据第一段“Having been a Straight A student, I believed I could ___1___ tough subjects and really learn something(作为一个优等生，我相信我可以选修一些困难的科目，并真正学到一些东西)”可知作者对自己信心满满；根据空格后“find a 77, C plus”可知第二段来个大转折，第一次考试后，意外地发现自己竟然只得了77分，所以是“吃惊的”。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我去找杰恩教授，他听了我的争论，但结果没有改变。A. unchangeable 不能改变的；B. unpleasant不高兴的；C. unfriendly不友好的；D. unmoved 不为所动的。根据上文“but remained”可知，老师不为所动，没有改变作者的分数。故选D。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我又一次和杰恩教授理论。A. quarreled 争吵；B. reasoned 讲道理；C. bargained 讨价还价；D. chatted 聊天。reason with sb.表示“与某人讲道理”。结合句意以及空格后介词“with”可知，此处应填reason。故选B。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他又一次耐心地听着，但就不愿改变主意。A. attitude 态度；B. mind主意；C. plan 计划；D. view 观点。change one's mind表示“改变想法或决定”，此处指他还是只给作者77分和一个C+。故选B。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：于是我加倍努力，第一次懂得了“彻底”这个词的含义。A. memorized 记住；B. considered 考虑；C. accepted 接受；D. learned 学习。根据空格前“So I redoubled my effort”可知，这一次作者显然是拼命学习，那么是真的第一次了解到什么叫“彻底”了。故选D。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我的努力没有起效，一切都像以前一样。A. stayed 待；B. went 去，发生，进行；C. worked 工作；D. changed改变。根据“my effort did no good”可知作者努力的结果并不好，跟以前一样，没有改变；应用go表示事情的进展。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：不管我得多少分，都不能摆脱三个C+。A. grade 分数，年级；B. answer 回答；C. lesson 课程；D. comment 评论。根据上下文可知，此处指的是分数。故选A。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我还是跟奖学金说再见吧。A. scholarship 奖学金；B. course 课程；C. degree 学位；D. subject科目。根据文章第一段中的“When I entered Berkeley, I hoped to earn a scholarship.(当我进伯克利大学的时候，我希望能拿到奖学金)”和最后一段中的“The next year I received my scholarship.(第二年，我拿到了奖学金)”可知，这里表示作者以为自己拿不到奖学金了。故选A。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在期末考试的前一天晚上，我甚至请自己去看了电影。A. helped 帮助；B. favored 支持，喜欢；C. treated 请（客），款待；D. relaxed 放松。根据空格后“myself to a movie.”可知，作者请自己看了场电影。故选C。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：第二天，我决定开心地考一次试。A. fun 乐趣；B. luck 运气；C. problems 问题；D. tricks诡计，诀窍。根据上文作者请自己看电影，可知，作者决定开心地考试，即have fun with a test。故选A。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他好像在等我，“如果我给了你所期望的A，你就不会继续努力学习了。” A. happened 发生，碰巧；B. proved 证明；C. pretended假装；D. seemed 似乎。根据上文“A week later, I was surprised to find I got an A. I hurried into Professor Jayne's office.(一周后，我惊喜地发现自己居然得了A，跑去找教授Jayne)”可知，作者惊喜地发现自己居然得了A，跑去找教授，发现教授好像早料到作者会来，所以作者觉得教授似乎在等自己。故选D。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他好像在等我，“如果我给了你所期望的A，你就不会继续努力学习了。”A. valued 重视；B. imagined 想象；C. expected 期望，预计；D. welcomed 欢迎。根据空格后“you wouldn't continue to work hard”以及上文“Having been a Straight A student, I believed I could ___1___ tough subjects and really learn something(作为一个优等生，我相信我可以选修一些困难的科目，并真正学到一些东西)”可知作者对自己信心满满，所以得A是作者的预期。故选C。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我盯着他，意识到他的分析和策略是正确的。 A. remembering记得；B. guessing 猜测；C. supposing 猜想，认为；D. realizing 意识到。根据空格后“his analysis and strategy were correct”可知，作者真正意识到了教授的用心。故选D。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 New Yorkers were shocked in early December when a creature as big as a school bus ____36____ (surface) from the Hudson River. Over the next three days,____37____ humpback whale (座头鲸) swam by several popular tourist destinations, where a journalist took____38____(photo) of the animal seemingly waving its tail at Lady Liberty. Scientists say NYC0089, which hasn't been spotted in several weeks, has likely returned to deeper waters south of the Hudson. Still, the ____39____(frequent) of whale sightings in the broader area has gone up rapidly in recent years. “With these numbers increasing ____40____ (sharp), it's not surprising that you're seeing them in some unusual places,” says Brown — a biologist. Including the Hudson River and Staten Island. Scientists say the ____41____(rise) whale sightings are likely related to purer water and a brimming buffet of Atlantic menhaden, a fish favored by humpbacks, resulting ____42____ landmark environmental regulations ____43____(pass) in the 1970s as well as New York city cleanup efforts. “Seeing more whales in this area is a sign____44____ the waters are cleaner and there's more food here for these whales,” Brown says. “It shows _____45_____ we've been doing is working, so we need to keep doing that — and more — to protect these species.” 【答案】36. surfaced 37. the 38. photos 39. frequency 40. sharply 41. rising 42. from 43. passed 44. that 45. what 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。在12月初，纽约的哈德逊河上出现了一只座头鲸，让纽约人为之震惊。这头座头鲸游过几个著名的旅游景点，一名记者在那里拍下了这头动物似乎在向自由女神摇尾巴的照片。文章分析了产生这一现象背后的原因以及专家对此的看法。 【36题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：12月初，当一只像校车那么大的生物出现在哈德逊河上时，纽约人都惊呆了。分析可知，此处为状语从句的谓语动词，根据上文“New Yorkers were shocked in early December”可知，描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填surfaced。 【37题详解】 考查冠词。句意：在接下来的三天里，这头座头鲸游过几个著名的旅游景点，一名记者在那里拍下了这头动物似乎在向自由女神摇尾巴的照片。此处特指上文提到的a creature，应用定冠词。故填the。 【38题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：在接下来的三天里，这头座头鲸游过几个著名的旅游景点，一名记者在那里拍下了这头动物似乎在向自由女神摇尾巴的照片。photo为可数名词，表示“拍照”短语为take photos。故填photos。 【39题详解】 考查名词。句意：尽管如此，近年来在更大范围内看到鲸鱼的频率仍在迅速上升。设空处作主语，表示“频率”应用名词frequency，抽象概念，不可数。故填frequency。 【40题详解】 考查副词。句意：“随着这些数量的急剧增加，在一些不寻常的地方，包括哈德逊河和斯塔顿岛，看到它们并不奇怪，”生物学家布朗说。修饰动词increase，应用副词sharply，作状语，表示“急剧地”。故填sharply。 【41题详解】 考查形容词。句意：科学家们说，看见鲸鱼次数的增加可能是由于20世纪70年代通过的具有里程碑意义的环境法规和纽约市的清理工作导致的，那里的水变得更加纯净，还有一种深受座头鲸喜爱的大西洋鲱鱼的泛滥。修饰后文名词短语whale sightings，应用形容词rising，作定语。故填rising。 【42题详解】 考查介词。句意：科学家们说，看见鲸鱼次数的增加可能是由于20世纪70年代通过的具有里程碑意义的环境法规和纽约市的清理工作导致的，那里的水变得更加纯净，还有一种深受座头鲸喜爱的大西洋鲱鱼的泛滥。结合句意表示“由……导致”可知，短语为result from。故填from。 【43题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：科学家们说，看见鲸鱼次数的增加可能是由于20世纪70年代通过的具有里程碑意义的环境法规和纽约市的清理工作导致的，那里的水变得更加纯净，还有一种深受座头鲸喜爱的大西洋鲱鱼的泛滥。分析句子结构可知，pass在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语environmental regulations构成被动关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语。故填passed。 【44题详解】 考查同位语从句。句意：“在这个区域看到更多的鲸鱼表明这里的水域更干净，这里有更多的食物给这些鲸鱼，”布朗说。此处为同位语从句，解释说明sign的内容，从句中不缺少成分，句意完整，应用只起连接作用的that。故填that。 【45题详解】 考查主语从句。句意：这表明我们一直在做的事情是有效的，所以我们需要继续这样做——甚至更多——来保护这些物种。空处引导主语从句，从句中缺少宾语，指事情应用what。故填what。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，上周日你校组织学生进行了“垃圾分类”宣讲活动，请给学校英文网站写一篇报道，内容包括： 1.参加人员； 2.活动内容； 3.活动反响。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Garbage classification starts from ourselves __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Garbage classification starts from ourselves In order to improve students’ garbage classification awareness, a propaganda activity was held in our school last Sunday. As is required, each student and teacher has attended this activity. Firstly, the headmaster delivered a speech about the importance of garbage classification, which encouraged us greatly. Besides, hearing the various opinions expressed by student, students realized that garbage classification should start from ourselves. In a word, the activity is so successful that we students realize garbage classification is an issue that must be paid attention to today. 【解析】 【分析】本篇书面表达属于记叙文，要求考生给学校英文网站写一篇报道，介绍上周日你校组织学生进行的“垃圾分类”宣讲活动。 【详解】第一步：审题 体裁：记叙文 时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时和一般过去时。 结构：总分法 总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。 要求： 1.参加人员； 2.活动内容； 3.活动反响。 第二步:列提纲 （重点词组） in order to; improve; garbage classification awareness; propaganda activity; attend; deliver a speech; the importance of; encourage; start from; successful; be paid attention to 第三步：连词成句 1. In order to improve students’ garbage classification awareness, a propaganda activity was held in our school last Sunday. 2. As is required, each student and teacher has attended this activity. 3. Firstly, the headmaster delivered a speech about the importance of garbage classification, which encouraged us greatly. 4. Besides, hearing the various opinions expressed by student, students realized that garbage classification should start from ourselves. 5. In a word, the activity is so successful that we students realize garbage classification is an issue that must be paid attention to today. 根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。 第四步：连句成篇（衔接词） 1.表文章结构顺序：Firstly 2.表并列补充关系：Besides 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。 【点睛】[高分句型1] Firstly, the headmaster delivered a speech about the importance of garbage classification, which encouraged us greatly. (运用了which引导非限制性定语从句) [高分句型2] Besides, hearing the various opinions expressed by student, students realized that garbage classification should start from ourselves. (运用了现在分词作状语) 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Melati and Isabel deeply love their home on the island surrounded by tropical rain forests, green fields, and a vast ocean. Enjoying a swim at their local beach was once a daily pleasure for them. But when Melati was fifteen, and Isabel just ten, the sisters started to lose their enthusiasm for swimming in the waters near their borne. More often than not, plastic bags would be around them as they swam and some were scattered on the beach. They got really upset about that. Melati didn’t think much about it until one day her teacher gave a lesson on some world heroes. Each of those people had sparked movements of positive changes in the world. They believed in the impact they could have and they did inspire more people to do something meaningful. After school, Melati walked home slowly in silence, concerned about the vast amount of plastic rubbish on the beach. The heroes crossed her mind. If they could do it, we could do it too, she thought. The idea lit her up. She couldn’t wait to share what she thought with Isabel and quickened her pace. “So many plastic bags around! The beach is dirty and messy! It’s so terrible! We have lost the clean and beautiful beach. Can’t we do something to get it back?” Melati said heartily. Isabel felt a bit puzzled at what to do, but she also had a strong desire to do something. Picturing a beach as fascinating as before in mind, the pair jumped with joy. They talked a lot, anxious to know how Dad and Mom would respond to their ideas. That night when the family sat by the dinner table, the sisters eagerly got their ideas across. While Mom and Dad listened to the girls carefully, their eyes shone. “How amazing that would be! We are so proud of you!” Dad exclaimed. Mom came up, gave them a thumb up and hugged the sisters. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Melati and Isabel decided to make a positive impact straight away. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ One month later, Melati received a call from the local newspaper. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Melati and Isabel decided to make a positive impact straight away. They took advantage of their spare time to pick up rubbish on the beach. However, it was soon that they realized that they couldn't solve the problem on their own for there was so much plastic. After discussions and preparations, they started an organization to spread their idea among youth, involving more youths in the movement, which proved to be a hit. More and more teenagers took part. In a month, they altogether collected and recycled 2.5 tons of plastic, recovering the beautiful beach. One month later, Melati received a call from the local newspaper. The two girls were invited to an interview in which they were asked what inspired them to start the organization, what the biggest challenges are and what advice they have for young people who want to make changes in this world. They said a team is what keeps them going on the challenging days and added, “keeping our team engaged and motivated has been a challenge and we are happy to have a positive influence.” Melati and Isabel are heroes who make a big difference to our world. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了两个女孩非常喜欢在自己家附近的海边游泳，后来发现海滩上的塑料垃圾太多了，再也不想去游泳了，心情很不好。后来课上老师讲到英雄人物，他们可以对世界起到正面影响，并激励到身边的人，两个女孩想到自己也可以去做一些事情。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“梅拉蒂和伊莎贝尔决定立即产生积极的影响。”可知，第一段可描写两个女孩采取行动去改善沙滩的状况，并发动身边的年轻人参与并创建组织，及他们的成果。 ②由第二段首句内容“一个月后，梅拉蒂接到了当地一家报社的电话。”可知，第二段可描写他们的组织规模不断扩大，在当地造成影响，接受报社采访。 2.续写线索：去行动改变沙滩状况——创建组织——成果——接受采访——采访内容——谈感想 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①利用：take advantage of/make use of/employ ②解决：solve/address/find a solution for ③参与： take apart/ get involved 情绪类 ①受鼓舞的，激励的：motivated/inspired ②积极：positive /active 【点睛】 [高分句型1]. However, it was soon that they realized that they couldn't solve the problem on their own for there was so much plastic. (运用了强调句型) [高分句型2]. After discussions and preparations, they started an organization to spread their idea among youth, involving more youths in the movement, which proved to be a hit.(运用了现在分词involving作状语和which引导的非限制性定语从句) [高分句型3]. The two girls were invited to an interview in which they were asked what inspired them to start the organization, what the biggest challenges are and what advice they have for young people who want to make changes in this world.（运用了in which引导了定语从句，及并列的宾语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$