专题02 必修三 Unit 1～3 复习课件（考点串讲）- 2024-2025学年高一英语下学期期中考点大串讲（人教版2019）

高一下学期·期中考点串讲 必修三 Unit1-Unit3 人教版 目 录 CONTENT Unit1-3 重点短语 语法精讲：V-ing作定语/表语 语法精讲：V-ing作宾补/状语 语法精讲：省略 2 3 4 1 Unit 1 Festivals and Celebrations 一、重点短语 1.dress（sb）up 穿上盛装；装扮 2.a wide range of 一系列; 广泛的;各种各样的 3.range from …to… 包括从…到…之间 4.take place 发生 5.be grateful to sb. for sth. 因某事而感激某人 6.decorate with…用…装饰 7.play a (significant) role in… 8.fade away 逐渐消失；（身体）变得虚弱 9.in order to 为了 10.in spite of 不管，尽管 Unit 1 Festivals and Celebrations 一、重点短语 11.take advantage of 利用，欺骗；占…的便宜 12.make it much easier for sb to do sth. 13.be good for 对…有益 14.have ... in common 相同；有相同的特征 15.after all 毕竟，别忘了 16.to be frank 坦白地说，坦率地说 17.go off 爆炸；走火；离开 18.except for 除…之外 19.set off 出发；动身；启程 20.as if 好像，仿佛 21.enable sb to do sth. 使某人能够做… Unit 1 Festivals and Celebrations 二、用法精萃 1.it作形式宾语 Online shopping websites and social media apps have made it much easier for the public to spend more on gifts for their loved ones. 网上的购物网站和社交媒体应用程序使人们更加容易地花更多的钱为他们所爱的人购买礼物。 Unit 1 Festivals and Celebrations 二、用法精萃 2. with 的复合结构。 Festivals are becoming more and more commercial, with businesses taking advantage of the celebrations. 节日正变得越来越商业化，商家会利用这些庆祝活动（进行促销）。 Unit 1 Festivals and Celebrations 二、用法精萃 3.动词-ing形式作伴随状语 I’m finally back home now，feeling really tired，but celebrating Naadam with my friend was totally worth it.现在我终于回到家了，感到十分疲倦，但是和我的朋友一起欢度“那达慕”大会是完全值得的。 Ving作定语、表语 一、定义 通常说的动词-ing形式包含两种情况：动名词和现在分词，两者都是由动词原形+ing构成。 V-ing常见有四种形式： 一般式、完成式、主动式和被动式。 Ving作定语、表语 四种形式 非谓语动词   主动语态 被动语态 意义 现在分词 /动名词 一般式 doing being done 其表示的动作与句中谓语动词的动作同时发生，或几乎上同时发生 完成式 having done having been done 其表示的动作先于句中谓语动词的动作发生 二、意义 （1）现在分词的一般式表示动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生；现在分词的完成式表示动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前； 例：Walking down the street, he hears someone calling him. 在街上走着，他听到有人叫他。 Having spent nearly all our money, we couldn’t afford to stay at a hotel. 我们几乎花光了所有的钱，没有钱住宾馆了。 三、做定语的用法 （2）现在分词的主动形式表示逻辑主语是现在分词动作的执行者； 例：Not knowing her address, we couldn’t get in touch with her. 由于不知道她的住址，我们无法和她取得联系。 Recently a survey comparing prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused a heated debate among citizens. 近来，一个把两家不同超市里的相同商品的价格做比较的调查引发了市民的激烈讨论。 三、做定语的用法 （3）现在分词的被动形式表示逻辑主语是现在分词动作的承受者； 例：1.The area being studied is called an archeological site. 正在被研究的那个地方被称作考古地。 2. Having been asked to work overtime that evening, I missed a wonderful film. 那天晚上我因被要求加班而错过了一场好看的电影。 3. The houses being built are for the teachers. 正在建的那些房子是给老师们的。 二、做表语的用法 （1）动词的-ing形式作表语的有两种不同的含义： 例：Her job is keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible.她的工作是尽量使报告厅保持干净。 The real question is getting to know the needs of the students. 真正的问题是了解学生的需要。His hobby is collecting stamps.他的爱好是集邮。 1）表示主语的内容是什么 二、做表语的用法 例：His hobby is collecting stamps.他的爱好是集邮。 The problem is quite puzzling.这个问题很令人困惑。 It was astonishing to see the animals and plants that are found nowhereelse in the world.看到了世界上其它地方找不到的动植物真是令人惊讶。 The food at the dinner party did not seem very inviting. 宴会上的食物似乎并不诱人。 2）表示主语具有的特征。 （2）V-ing与不定式作表语的区别： 1）V-ing作表语表示抽象的行为,习惯的动作；不定式作表语表示具体的，一次性的或者将来的动作。 My favourite sport is swimming. Our job is playing all kinds of music.我们的工作是演奏各种各样的音乐。 His ambition is to go to Harvard University.他的梦想就是上哈佛大学。 语法专练 1. Most adults do not feel competent to deal with problems ________ (involve) a medical emergency. involved 2. The new bridge ____________ (build) across the river at present is expected to ease traffic congestion once completed. being built 语法专练 3. The cemetery ________ (belong) to the ancient village, hidden for centuries, was uncovered during the construction of a new road. belonging 4. She remained _________（stand）though we repeatedly asked her to sit down. standing 语法专练 5． It was then known as cuju (kick ball), a game _______(use) a ball of animal skins with hair inside. using 6． Public transportation cards _________ (feature) cultural relics are among the best-selling creative products. featuring Unit 2 Morals and Virtues 一、重点短语 1. moral dilemma 道德困境 2. carry sb through sth 帮助某人渡过难关 3. tuition fees 学费 4.tend to do sth 易于做某事 5. be scared of 害怕 6. first aid 急救 7. pass away 去世 8. in memory of 作为对…的纪念 9. trip over 被…绊倒 10. in tears流着泪，含着泪 Unit 2 Morals and Virtues 一、重点短语 11. in despair 处于绝望中 12. do harm to（=be harmful to）对…有害 13. a great deal of 大量 14. be faced with 面临，面对 15. be responsible for 对…负责 16. make an attempt to do=attempt to do;  尝试做某事 17. get in trouble 遇到麻烦 18. at times 时不时 19. be eager to do 渴望做某事 Unit 2 Morals and Virtues 二、用法精粹 1. (虚拟语气) If I were ever in a situation like the girl faced, I think I would choose to… 如果我曾经处于像那个女孩那样的境地，我想我会选择…… 2.(sb/sth. be the first/second…to do sth.某人/物是做某事的第一/二个人) She immediately became the first woman ever to be hired as a resident physician in the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital. 她立即成为北京协和医院妇产科首位受聘担任住院医生的女性。 Unit 2 Morals and Virtues 二、用法精粹 2.Within six months, she was named a chief resident physician, a position that usually took four years to achieve.（that引导定语从句） 六个月后，她被任命为首席住院医师，这一职位通常需要4年时间才能完成。 3.see sb doing sth转化为被动语态sb be seen doing sth.某人被看见正在做某事) At times she was even seen riding a donkey to faraway villages to provide medical care. 有时，她甚至骑着驴到遥远的村庄提供医疗服务。 Unit 2 Morals and Virtues 二、用法精粹 4.Neither..nor...既不...也不...；一般现在时种，V遵循就近原则 Neither she nor her friends thought about moving the stone out of the road. 她和她的朋友们都没有想过把石头搬出马路。 5.拟人句 The new People’s Republic of China saw Dr.Lin Qiaozhi playing a key role. 在新成立的中华人民共和国期间，林乔之博士发挥了关键作用。 一、作宾补意义 （1）动词-ing形式作宾语补足语常放在宾语后面,表示一个正在进行的主动性的动作,强调一个过程或一种状态。 例：When we returned, we found a stranger standing in front of the house. 当我们回来时,我们发现房子前面站着一个陌生人。 I’m terribly sorry to have kept you waiting for such a long time in the rain. 非常抱歉,让你在雨中等了这么长时间。 Ving作宾补、状语 一、作宾补意义 （2）当主句转换为被动结构时, 原来作宾语补足语的动词-ing形式便转换为主语补足语。 例：He saw her working in the field when he passed by. →She was seen working in the field by him when he passed by. 他路过时发现她正在地里干活。 Ving作宾补、状语 二、能用动词-ing形式作宾语补足语的几类词: （1）表示感觉和心理状态的感官动词(短语)(常见的有see, hear, feel, smell, find, notice, observe, look at, listen to等)+ sb. + doing sth.。 例：I felt somebody standing behind me.我感觉有人站在我身后。 Ving作宾补 二、作宾补 (2)表示指使意义的使役动词(常见的有have, set, keep, get, catch, leave等)+sb./ sth. + doing sth.。 例：We kept the fire burning all night long.我们让火整夜燃烧着。 Ving作宾补、状语 二、作宾补的用法 （1）with复合结构 在“with+宾语+宾语补足语”结构中,动词-ing形式作宾语补足语时,常常表示一个动作正在或一直进行。 例：With the crowds cheering, he sprinted to the finishing line. 在人群的欢呼声中,他奋力冲向终点。 Ving作宾补 一、作状语的意义 （1）动词-ing形式可以作状语,在句中表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式或伴随情况等。动词-ing形式作时间、原因、条件、让步状语时多位于句首;作结果、伴随状语时常位于句末。 Ving作状语 二、作状语的用法 1.表示时间,相当于一个时间状语从句。 例：Having delivered the milk to the customer’s house, he went home for breakfast. →After he delivered the milk to the customer’s house, he went home for breakfast.把牛奶送到顾客家后,他就回家吃早餐了。 Ving作状语 二、作状语的用法 （2）表示原因,相当于一个原因状语从句。 例：Being ill, he didn’t go to school yesterday. →Since he was ill, he didn’t go to school yesterday.由于生病,他昨天没有去上学。 Ving作状语 二、作状语的用法 （3）表示结果,相当于一个并列谓语。 例：He was admitted into a key university, making his parents very proud. →He was admitted into a key university, and it made his parents very proud.他被一所重点大学录取,这使他的父母很自豪。 Ving作状语 二、作状语的用法 （4）表示条件,相当于一个条件状语从句。 例：When we returned, we found a stranger standing in front of the house. Working hard at your lessons, you will succeed. →If you work hard at your lessons, you will succeed.如果你努力学习,你将会成功。 Ving作状语 二、作状语的用法 （5）表示让步,相当于一个让步状语从句。 例：Surfing the Internet every day, I limit the playing time to 30 minutes. →Although I surf the Internet every day, I limit the playing time to 30 minutes. 虽然每天都上网,但我把玩的时间限制在30分钟。 Ving作状语 二、作状语的用法 （6）表示行为方式、伴随情况或补充说明,相当于一个并列结构。 例：He lay on the grass, staring at the sky for a long time. →He lay on the grass, and stared at the sky for a long time.他躺在草地上,盯着天空看了很久。 Ving作状语 语法专练 1．The boy knocked at the door, ___________ (indicate) that he wanted to come in. indicating 2．When the students on the playground saw the colorful balloons_____________ (float) in the sky, they became excited. floating 3．Seeing us approaching, she smiled joyfully, ___________ (expose) nice little teeth. exposing 语法专练 4．It is believed that today’s children and teenagers are consuming three times the recommended level of sugar, ___________ (put) them at a higher risk of the disease. putting 5．Our headteacher can’t have us______________ (waste) our precious time. Even if we have finished our homework, he always has us ______________ (read) classics to broaden our horizons. wasting reading Unit 3 Diverse Culture 一、重点短语 1. diverse cultures 多样文化 2. admit doing sth. 承认做某事 3.be admitted to the key university 被重点大学录取 4.ethnic minority少数民族 5. head to=head for（朝…）前进,前往 6.fortune cookie 幸运曲奇 7.seek one’s fortune（sought，sought）寻找成功致富之路；闯世界 8.earn a living 谋生 9.travel journal 旅行日志 10.claim to sth. 声称做某事 Unit 3 Diverse Culture 一、重点短语 11.settle down to our study 静下心来学习 12.a series of 一系列的，一连串的（事件） 13.apart from 除了……外（还）；此外 14.escape from逃离…… 15.bring about 导致 引起 16.to name but a few 仅举几例 17.match A with B 把A和B匹配在一起 18.(at) first hand第一手地；亲自地 19.historical background历史背景 20.be home to 是…的家园\栖息地\原产地 Unit 3 Diverse Culture 一、重点短语 21.a mild climate 温和的气候 22.under construction在建设中 23.be selected as 被挑选为 24.suit one’s taste 适合某人的口味 25.give off poisonous gases 发出有毒的气体 26.be supposed to do sth.（按规定、习惯、安排）应该做某事 27.leave out 省略 遗漏 不提及 28.no way 不行 没门 不可能 29.lie in 位于…；存在于… Unit 3 Diverse Culture 二、用法精粹 1.what引导主语从句 What many tourists and San Franciscans treasure most about Chinatown is its food. 很多游客和旧金山人最钟爱的是唐人街的美食。 Unit 3 Diverse Culture 二、用法精粹 2.定语从句：指人of +whom；指物of +which The majority of residents in Chinatown are still ethnic Chinese, many of whom do not speak English fluently. This allows visitors to experience a real taste of China. 如今，唐人街绝大多数的居民依旧是华裔，他们中很多人英语说得并不流利，这能让游客体验到正宗的中国味。 省略 一、定义 为了使语言简洁或避免重复,省略句子中的一个或几个句子成分,这种语法现象称为省略。 二. 省略的种类 一） 简单句中的省略 二）并列句中的省略 三）复合句中的省略 四、其他的省略情况 一） 简单句中的省略 1.省略主语:一般情况下,主语是不能省略的,但在祈使句和其他不容易引起歧义的情况下,特别是在口语中,主语常常省略,主要是祈使句中的you和疑问句中的主语。 例：(You) Show this way, please! 请这边走! (You) Give a lift? 需要帮忙吗? 一） 简单句中的省略 2.省略宾语:当上下或前后两个句子的宾语一致时,下句或后句常省略宾语。 例Do you know the mascots of the Beijing Winter Olympic Games? —Of course I know (the mascots of the Beijing Winter Olympic Games). ——你知道北京冬奥会的吉祥物吗?——我当然知道。 一） 简单句中的省略 3.省略主语和谓语(或谓语的一部分):在某些具体的场合下,主语和谓语都很明确,此时为了简化或显得亲切等,可将主语和谓语(或谓语的一部分)同时省略,只剩下表语、宾语、状语或其他成分。 例(There is) No smoking.禁止吸烟。 (You come) This way, please.请这边走。 二） 并列句中的省略 2.在并列句中，后一个分句常省略与前一个分句中相同的部分，如主语，谓语，宾语等，以使句子更加简洁明了。 例：The one side of the board is painted red and the other (side of the board was painted) yellow.这个板子的一面被粉刷成红色，另一面被粉刷成黄色。 Jim won the first prize and Peter (won) the second(prize).吉姆赢得了一等奖，彼得赢得了二等奖。 三） 复合句中的省略 1.状语从句的省略 例When I was driving a car to the city center, I spotted my old friend. →When driving a car to the city center, I spotted my old friend.当我开车去往市中心时，我发现了我的一个老朋友。 (状语从句的主语为I, 与主句主语一致，且从句中出现了be动词was,所以状语从句的主语和be动词可以省略掉。) 在时间、条件、让步等状语从句中，如果主句的主语与从句的主语一致，或状语从句的主语为it, 且从句中含有be动词时，可以将状语从句的主语和be动词省略掉。 三） 复合句中的省略 1.状语从句的省略 例 If it is necessary, I will turn to him for some suggestions. →If necessary, I will turn to him for some suggestions.如果有必要，我会向他求助寻求些建议的。 (状语从句的主语为it，且状语从句有be动词，所以状语从句中的it is可以省略掉。) 三） 复合句中的省略 2.定语从句的省略 例①Who was the girl that he spoke to just now?→ Who was the girl he was spoke to just now? 刚刚他与之交谈的那个女孩是谁?(关系代词that代替先行词the girl, 在定语从句中作宾语，所以关系代词that省略。) ② I live near the river which I used to swim in. →I live near the river I used to swim in.我生活在我过去游泳的那条河流旁边。(关系代词which代替先行词the river，在定语从句中作宾语 ，所以关系代词which省略。) 在限制性定语从句中，当关系代词that, which, who, whom代替先行词作宾语时，可以省略关系代词。 三） 复合句中的省略 3.宾语从句的省略 例He warned me (that) the danger ahead would threaten my life. 他警告我，前方的危险会威胁我的生命。 Everybody knows (that) protecting the environment means a lot. 每个人都知道保护环境很重要。 谓语动词后的宾语从句，由that引导时，连接词that可以省略。 四）其他的省略情况 1.动词不定式的省略 例—Would you like to go with us? —I’m glad to go with you, but I have to finish my homework. →I’m glad to, but I have to finish my homework. The boy wanted to play football in the street, but his mother told him not to play football in the street. →The boy wanted to play football in the street, but his mother told him not to. 动词不定式中为了避免重复，省去与前面出现的相同部分，只保留to。 四）其他的省略情况 2.虚拟语气中的省略 例 If it had not been for the drought, the crop would not have failed. →Had it not been for the drought, the crop would not have failed.要不是因为那场干旱，庄家不会欠收的。If he were absent from the meeting, he would lose the opportunity to be promoted. →Were he absent from the meeting, he would lose the opportunity to be promoted.如果他缺席了这个会，他会失去晋升的机会。 在含有were, had, should的if引导虚拟条件句中常可以省略if而将were, had, should置于句首。 四）其他的省略情况 3.使用so, not等时的省略。 例 Is he coming back tonight?他今晚回来吗? —I think so/not.我认为会回来(不会回来)。 在英语中,可以用so, not或其他方式来省略上文或问句中的一部分或整个句子。 四）其他的省略情况 4.介词的省略。 例 ①have difficulty/trouble(in) doing sth. ②be busy(in) doing sth. ③spend some time(in) doing sth. ④stop/prevent sb.(from) doing sth. 一些与动词、名词或形容词搭配的介词常常可以省略,而保留介词后的动名词。常见的结构: 语法专练 1．When they were entering the classroom, all the students looked up at me curiously. (用省略形式改写句子) → _______________ the classroom, all the students looked up at me curiously. When entering 2．If it is necessary, you can turn to me for help at any time. (用省略形式改写句子) → ______________ , you can turn to me for help at any time. If necessary 语法专练 3．You mean you are planning a trip across the Atlantic for a holiday? It sounds like a good idea. (用省略形式缩写句子） You mean you’re planning a trip across the Atlantic for a holiday? Sounds like a good idea. 4．I really like that paper folding book, and my son likes that paper folding book, too. (用省略形式缩写句子） I really like that paper folding book, and my son does, too. 语法专练 5． 当被问及工作时间安排时，许多人更喜欢弹性的工作时间。（翻译） _________________________________________ , many people preferred more flexible work hours. When asked about their work schedules 6．换句话说，我们应该在利用自然资源的同时保持地球的健康。 In other words, we should keep the earth healthy _________________________________________________________ . while using its supply of natural resources Thanks for listening 人教版 $$