Unit 6 作业(十八) Section Ⅲ Developing ideas & Presenting ideas-【精讲精练】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册知能达标训练（外研版2019）

·英语·选择性必修 第四册(配WY版) 作业(十八) Section III Developing ideas & Presenting ideas 层级 基础知识自测 III.完成句子 1.杰克太粗心了,以至于无论你跟他说什么,他都 I.单词拼写 是“左耳朵进,右耳朵出”。(倒装句:so... 1. Please (拿来)me the important paper that...) from Mr Yang's office now. whatever you say to him 2. He may lack (自律)and have difficulty "goes in at one ear and out at the other". making decisions on his own. 2.你学习越刻苦,取得的进步就越大。(the十比较 3. The researchers say that the keyboard should be 级,the十比较级) pretty (简单的)to commercialize and is you study, mostly composed of inexpensive. plastic-like you will make. parts. 3.人们相信,这将是曾取得的最重要和最广泛有益 4. It seems as if we were surrounded by an (看不见的)wall when we communicate with 的科学进步之一。(believe) This one of the each other on the Internet. 5. The moment the cook smells the pollen, he will most important and widely beneficial scientific begin advances ever made. (打喷) over and over again. IV.课文语法填空 6. Due to the light pollution, stars are too faint to The night sky 1. be observed with the (be) an endless (赤裸的)eyesin the urban area. source of fascination since the start of human (望远镜), 7. My brother bought a history. However, humans can see very little of the night sky with the naked eye. And, for long, through which he could study the stars in the people were unable to understand 2. they night sky. 8. If we do the same movements with our body too could see. Our power 3. (肌肉). often, we will overuse some (investigate) and II. 单句语法填空 understand space changed dramatically when the 1. What you see in the virtual world is often first telescope was invented, increasing as 4. different from what you experience did the power of the human eye. It also reality. enabled us to understand that the universe is far ( large ) than 2. People who are interested in meaningful was previously imaginable. conversations with friends or family are reported (be)happier than those who aren't. Almost 4oo years after the first Earth-based 3. Tom kept (sneeze) and his nose telescope was invented, the Hubble Space Telescope 6. was running because of a bad cold. (launch) into orbit,giving astronomers-indeed all of us-the 4. After the telescope was invented, the mankind's first (visible) to power to investigate stars breathtakingly beautiful images of our universe the naked eyes changed dramatically. taken from beyond Earth. To see even further into 5. Scientists announced another breakthrough in the universe, many countries are now engaged . building their quest a cure for this disease. ever more advanced telescopes. 8. 6. The old man always sits by the window alone. (current), China operates (look) back to the happy old days. the world's largest and most powerful radio 7. If we invest little time in a person, our telescope, the FAsT telescope, 9. (engage) with that person will decline. (complete) in 2016. 8. The football team. (compose) of 22 Using ever-larger radio telescopes as our eyes. players and three coaches, was faced with a big we will one day be able to look back to a time in challenge. the very early universe, before the 10. 9. Before you decide to do the job, you had better (exist ) of light. But the human quest for work a plan first. knowledge reaches even beyond that. So much of 10. Some villages in that area don't have a well, so the universe remains unexplored that we are still (fetch) people have to walk a mile close to the start of this incredible journey of water with containers. discovery. 52 层级②素养能力提升 1. What can we know from paragraph 1? A. The moon can't serve as a water source I.阅读理解 for us. A B. Some students are working in NASA The moon's permanently shadowed areas. C. The moon is the only water source outside the nearly 384, ooo kilometers away from home, are earth. the closest water source outside the earth. The D. We can explore more about the moon. craters have been dark since billions of years ago. 2. Why did NASA award those eight university But now with student-developed technologies. teams? more about them can be discovered. A. Because they stood out in a challenge and a Through the competitive Breakthrough. project. Idea Innovative and Game-changing (BIG ) B. Because they demonstrated technologies to Challenge and the Space Grant project, NASA has study the moon. awarded nearly $1 million to eight university C. Because they explored the mystery of space. teams. They will build sample lunar payloads and D. Because they challenged NASA's Artemis demonstrate innovative ways to study the moon's program. darkest areas. 3. What will the chosen teams work out according “It's an exciting time for NASA and students to paragraph 4? A. The way to create Wi-Fi on the moon for across the country," said Drew J. Hope, Program future use. Game Changing Manager of Development program."Thanks to our partnership with the B. The way to ensure autonomous mobility can be used in space. Office of STEM Engagement, this is the most C. The way to examine the research and results money NASA has awarded in a student challenge face-to-face. directly connected to Artemis." D. The way to collect information and statistics The chosen teams will work out ways to of the moon. gather data in and around the craters, generate 4. According to Chad Rowe, what benefit can the wireless power for future infrastructure, and students get from the project? enable autonomous mobility even in the most A. They can land on the moon. extreme environments. The research results could B. They can get money while doing the job. benefit NASA's Artemis program and be used to C. They can gain experience for their future careers. study the moon ahead of a human landing in 2024 D. They can work in NASA after graduation. or help establish a sustained presence by 2028. , Each team will receive different quantities of (2024·滕州二中月考)ASpaceAge“disaster grants, based on the concept and budget they of the commons" is unfolding right under ou propose. They will develop and test the nose-or, really, right over our head. For more technologies in simulated environments with the than half a century, humans have been casting awards during the following 10 months, showing objects into low earth orbit in ever growing they are prepared for a possible lunar mission as numbers. And with few meaningful limitations on early as 2o23. Then in November, a panel of further launches, the general attitude has been NASA and industry experts will examine the permissive: in orbit, it seems, there is always team's research and development results at a face- room for one more. to-face design review. After so many decades of the build-up of high “One of the most exciting things about this speed chaos in the form of spent rocket stages, low challenge is that several of the concepts, if proven earth orbit is finally on the edge of becoming too to be viable as a result of these awards, could crowded for comfort. And the problem tends to get eventually be integrated and operated together on much worse because of the rise of satellite "mega the surface of the moon," according to Chad constellations(巨型星座)”requiringthousands of Rowe, Acting Manager of Space Grant Project. aircraft, such as SpaceX's Starlink. Starlink is but "These students are part of the Artemis generation one of many similar projects. Another mega and they are helping fulfill NASA's mission needs constellation from a company called OneWeb is while developing today. relevant hands-on already being stationed. And Amazon's Project experience that will prepare them for aerospace Kuiper is seeking to create a mega-constellation of careers after graduation." up to 3,2oo satellites in the near future. 53 ·英语·选择性必修 第四册(配WY版 planned to major in astronomical &. The International Space Station regularly . planetary adjusts its orbit to avoid potentially risky debris science and chemistry to 4 her dream of (碎片). Worse yet, there has been an increase in working at NASA where she hoped to 5 her the threat of full-on collisions. Consider the extraordinary skills to build spacecraft after February 2oo9 run-in between a dead Russian graduation. 6 she wanted to be an astronomer. satellite and a commercial aircraft, which produced but then she decided to switch over to engineering a great amount of debris. because of her love of building things. Finding ways to remove at least some of all Alena's aspirations began with her early 7 that space rubbish should be a top global priority. for Lego, with which she built 8 of everything says Donald Kessler, a scientist for orbital debris from the Taj Manhal to a NASA rocket. She was research. In the late 197os, he foretold the 9 at Lego,and if you 1o her Lego pieces,it possibility of the Kessler conditions: as the mass would be easy for her to put them together. of space trash increases, the self-protecting This genius also had remarkable 11 in other aspects of life. Seeing the runaway cycle of debris-generating collisions can 12of arise, making low earth orbit too risky to support opportunities in the STEM( science, technology, most space activities. engineering, and mathematics) fields for women. “There is now agreement within the Alena wanted to make a change. She 13 community that the debris environment website to encourage other girls with has 14 reached a 'tipping point'where debris would interests to focus on the STEM fields. Alena hoped continue to increase even if all launches were to set an example for other girls-never let the stopped," Kessler says. "There are collisions long-established concept keep them from 15 taking place all the time-less noticeable and not in their own destinies."It doesn't matter what you're large numbers,"Kessler adds. planning to do,"she said,“Go for it, and then 5. What can be concluded from paragraph 1? accomplish it." 1. A. identify A. Humans are facing a space collision disaster. B. convey C. oppose B. The general public are tolerant of the present D. weaken 2.A.lost situation in space. B. obtained C.issued C. Nothing has been done in space management. D. taken D. Low earth orbit is in a high degree of order. 3. A. nervous B. willing C. ready 6. Why is the mega-constellation mentioned in D. hesitant 4.A.end paragraph 2? B. change C. realize A. To explain the cause of the space jam. D. abandon B. To show the influence of the aircraft. 5.A. recover B. demonstrate C. To stress the popularity of the space race. C. employ D. acquire 6. A. Finally D. To praise the efforts of famous companies. B. Originally C. Obviously 7. What is Kessler's attitude towards the debris D. Fortunately 7. A. passion environment? B. admiration B. Worried. A.Ambiguous. C. request D. need D. Tolerant. 8.A. patterns C. Doubtful. B. sites C. models 8. Which of the following could be the best title for D. theories the text? 9. A. skilled B. impressed C. disappointed A. Space Collisions Are Unavoidable D. upset B. Space Development Needs to Stop 10. A. handed out B. put away C. Space Activities Are Out of Control C. showed off D. messed up D. Space Rubbish Arouses Concerns 11. A. achievements B. progress II.完形填空 C. inventions D. technique 12.A. possibility Over the course of the pandemic the landscape B. growth C. inequality of education greatly changed. But that couldn't D. advantage 13. A. examined 1 one brilliant girl's resolve to chase her dream. B. launched C. visited While most teens were tackling the challenges D. removed 14.A. similar of middle school,Alena Analeigh,at the age of 12. B. unusual C. various had already 2 her high school diploma. After D. special 15.A. escaping 3 to attend long-term learning, she was B.meeting C. avoiding Arizona State University in May,2o21, There, she D. defining 544.using 考查现在分词。此处是说欧洲航天局的航天器利：6.A非理判断题。根据第二段内容尤其是前两句可知，近 用来自太空的雷达发现了地表水（存在）的证据。分析句 地轨道频格过度拥堵的情况，使这一问题变得越发严重的 子结构可知，设空处所在句是并列复合句，句中的but连 原因之一是“巨型星座”卫星的增加需要成千上万的航空 接两个并列分句。but前的分句中已有谓语found,设空处 器。由此可推知，作者在第二段提到“巨型星座”是想解释 应用非谓语动词作状语；use与其逻辑主语The European 太空桐堵的原因。故选A Space Agency's spacecraft之间是主动关系，需要用现在分 7.B推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第一句中的“Finding 词形式，故填using ways to remove at least some of all that space rubbish 5.valuable考查形客词。句意：天问一号还将为中国提供 should be a top global priority”以及最后一段中的"There 宝贵的火星经脸，并为计刻于21世纪20年代末进行的样 is now agreement within the community that the debris 本返回任务奠定基础。此处需要用形容词作定语，修饰名 environment has reached a 'tipping point'where debris 词experience,表示“宝贵的”，故填valuable would continue to increase even if all launches were 6.te考查冠词。此处表特指，指21世纪20年代未，应用 stopped""There are collisions taking place all the time- 定冠词the。the end of.,表示“…的末尾”，故填the less noticeable and not in large numbers”可知，Kessler认 7.made考查过去分词。此处是说尽管在航天器上放置科 为找到清除其中至少一些太空垃圾的方法应减是全球的 学仪器方面已经取得了令人印象深刻的进步，但只有地球 一项首要任务，太空碎片会继续增加，太空垃圾的碰撞一 上的技术才能准确测试样本，才能核实样本中是否存在生 直在发生。由此可推知，Kessler对碎片环境持担忧的态 命。分析句子站构可知，设空处所在句是主从复合句，句 度。故选B。 子主千是“only the technology on Earth is to verify the 8.D主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了发射进 presence or absence of life in a sample"."Despite the 入太空的飞行器使近地轨道变得越来越拥挤，而由此产生 impressive,,.on spacecraft'”为介词短语作状语，“ 的大量太空拉极引起了研究人员的担忧。D项（太空拉城 can test samples accurately”为非限制性定语从句；主句中 引起了担忧)是最适合本文的标题。故选D。 已有谓语is,故此处应用非谓语动词形式：make与其逻辑 Ⅱ，[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Alena 主语advances之间为被动关系，此处应用过去分词作后置 Analeigh立志成为美国国家航空航天局的工程师，并创建网 定语，修饰名词advances,故填made. 站鼓励其他女孩追逐梦想的故事。 8.which 考查定语从句。 can test samples l.D根据下文中的“one brilliant girl's resolve to chase her accurately”为设空处引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行 dream”可知，疫情期间，教育的形势发生了极大的变化，但 词the technology on Earth,关系词在从句中作主语，指 这并不会削弱一个聪明女孩追求梦想的决心。weaken“减 物，故填which。 弱，削弱”，故选D 9.successfully考查副词。设空处修饰landed,应用副词作 2.B根据上文中的“While most teens were tackling the challenges 状语此处表示“成功登陆火星”，设空处意为“成功地”，故 of middle school"及下文中的“her high school diploma”可知，此处 填successfully。 指Alea12岁便已获得高中文凭。故选B 10.opportunities 考查名词的数。此处表示更多的国家探 3.C根据上文中的“After long-term learning”和下文中的 索火星意味着更多的全球合作机会。根据前文的Mor “to attend Arizona State University'”可知，经过长期的学 countries和空前的more可知此处应用名词复数，和前文 习，Alena准备好进入亚利桑那州立大学。故选C。 的countries对应，故填opportunities。 4.C 根据下文中的“her dream of working at NASA”可知， 作业（十八）SectionⅢDeveloping ideas& Alena将在大学修读双学位，以实现她去美国国家航空航 Presenting ideas 天局工作的梦想，故选C。realize one's dream“实现某人的 [层级1基础知识自测] 梦想” I.1.fetch 2.self-discipline 3.straightforward 5.C 根据下文中的"her extraordinary skills to build 4.invisible 5.sneezing 6.naked 7.telescope 8.muscles spacecraft after graduation”可知，Alena希望在毕业后运 II.1,in 2.to be 3.sneezing 4.invisible 5.for 用她卓越的技能建造宇宙飞船。故选C。 6.looking 7.engagement 8.composed 9.out 6.B根据下文中的"she wanted to be an astronomer,but 10.to fetch then she decided to switch over to engineering'”可知，她起 I.1.So careless is Jack that 2.The harder the more 初想当天文学家，但后来决定转向工程设计。故选B。 progress 3.is believed to be 7.A联系语境可知，Alena想要在美国国家航空航天局工 N.1.has been 2.what 3.to investigate 4.it 5.larger 作的志向始于她早期对乐高的热爱。此处对应上文中的 6.was launched 7.in 8.Currently 9.completed “love of building things”。a passion for..,,“对…的热 10.existence 爱” 。故选A 「层级2素养能力提升 8.C结合上文中的L.ego和下文中的“of everything from I.A一[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。美国就天局选 the Taj Mahal to a NASA rocket”可知，她搭建了很多模 出了8个大学的团队，提供资金和奖励，辅助美国航天局进 型。故选C。 行对月球暗面的探索。 9.A根据下文中的“it would be easy for her to put ther 1.D细节理解题。根据第一段的最后一句可知，人类对月 together'”可知，此处表示她很会拼乐高。skilled“有技能 球的探索还没有停止，有了科学技术，我们可以更深入地 的，热练的”，故选A。 对月球进行研究。故选D, l0.D根据下文中的“herL,ego pieces,it would be easy for 2.A知节理解题。根据第二段第一向可知，这入支队伍是 her to put them together'”可知，如果你把地的乐高积木块 经过了一系列竞争性大的竞赛从而脱颜而出并进行后续 弄乱了，她可以很容易就把它们拼合到一起。ness up“弄 研究的。故选A。 乱”，故选D。 3.D细节理解题。根据第四段第一句可知，这些队伍的其 11.A结合语境可知，这位天才在生活的其他方面也有非 中一个研发方向就是寻找收集月球数据的方法。故选D。 凡的成就。故选A。 4.C推理判蕲题。根据最后一段中Chad Rowe所说的 12.C 根据下文中的"of opportunities in the STEM "These students are part of the Artemis generation...that science.technology,engineering,and mathematics will prepare them for aerospace careers after graduation. fields for women”以及她创建的网站主要是针对女孩的 可推断，这个项目可以为学生们积累以后的职业生涯所需 可知，此处指她看到女性在STEM(科学、技术、工程和数 要的经验。故选C 学)领战的机会不平等。故选C。inequality"不平等” B [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了大 13.B联系语境可知，为了鼓励其他有类似兴趣的女孩关注 量发射进入太空的飞行器使近地轨道变得越来越拥挤，而由 STEM倾域，Alena创建了一个网站。故选B. 此产生的太空垃圾会造成碰撞，这引起了研究人员的担忧 14.A根据下文中的“interests to focus on the STEM 5,B细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句中的“the general fields”可知，创建网站是为了鼓励其他有类似兴捷的女 attitude has been permissive:in orbit,it seems,there is always 孩去关注STEM领战。故选A room for one more”可知，人们等遍持一种宽容的态度，认为轨 15.D结合语境可知，此处指不要让人们既定的观念阻碍地 道似乎总有足够的空间来容纳更多的物体。故选B 们定义自己的命运。故选D。 24